SECOND FIVE YEAR PLAN OF DELHI UNION TERRITORY THE DIRECTORATE OF PUBLIC RELATIONS DELHI ADMINISTRATION, DELHI. Di51-S CONTENTS Page j^TRODUCTION I PART (I) Section (1) : Agricultural Schemes 13 Section (2) ; M inor Irrigation Works 26 pcction (3) ; Animal Husbandry 31 Section (4) : Poultry Development 38 W tion (5) : Afforestation and Soil Conservation 46 Section (6) : Fisheries ... 53 Section (7) : Rural Reforms and other Schemes 68 PART (2) Community Projects and National Extension Service ... ... 85 PART (3) Irrigation and Power Section (I) ; Scheme for extension of the Western Jumna Canal ... 103 Section (2) : Power Projects ... ... 107 (a) Delhi Electricity BPftrd ... iQ8 (fc) Electrification Schemes (Local Bodies) .113 Section (3) ; Flood Control Measures ... 133 PART (4) Industries .•• ••• 141 PART (5) Transport and Communications ... 165 PART (6) Social Services Section (1) : Education ... ... 175 (a) Pre-primary Education ... 178 (b) Secondary Education • 185 (c) Social Education 193 Section (2) : Medical and Public Health Schemes 210 Section (3) : Anti-malaria Operations 238 Section (4) ; Rural Water Supply & Sanitation Plan 244 Section (5) : Housing ... 248. Section (6) : The Welfare of Scheduled Caste and Ex-criminal Tribes ... 260 Section (7) : Labour Welfare ... 267 PART (7) Section (1) : Publicity Schemes ... 275 Section (2) : Development of Statistics 283 PART (8) Statutory Bodies Section (1) : Delhi Joint Water and Sewage Board 295 Section (2) : Road Transport ... 309 Section (3) : Slum Improvement ... 317 —Dairy Development Scheme 318 INTRODUCTION The Union Territory of Delhi Following the re-organisation of States and the abolition of Part «C” Sta'es, Delhi became a Union Territory with effect from 1st November, 1956. Before 1912, Delhi city was the headquarters of a Division which had been constituted after the annexation of Delhi by the British. The Division comprised the districts of Simla, Hissar, Rohtak, Delhi, Ambala, Karnal and Gurgaon. la 1912, however, a separate Delhi Province was constituted by dissolving the Delhi District and transferring Sonepat Tehsi! to Rohtak District and parts of BaUabgarh Tehsil to the Gurgaon District. Thus the province consisted of the remaining parts of Ballabga-h Tehsil and the Delhi Tehsil. Later on, the province was enlarged by the addition of some territory from the Meerut district, its total area being 593 sq. miles. The enforcement of the Government of Part “C” States Act, changed the status of Delhi Province and it became a Part “C” State on March, 17, 1952, and retained that status until October; 31, 1956. Area and Population » The area and population figures of this territory in 1931 and 1941 were as follows :— Year Area in Sq. Miles Population 1931 573 6,36,246 1941 574 9,17,939 At the time of the 1951 census, the area of the territory Ts^as found to be 578 sq. miles and its total population was 17,44,072. 7t is estimated that at preseint (he population has already increased beyond 2 millions. During the last two decades, the increase in population has been exceptionally high owing to a number of factors, including increased economic activity during the War and the migration of a largq number of people into Delhi after independence. Another noteworthy feature is that nearly 82% of Delhi’s popu­ lation is urban. Out of every hundred, about 45 persons are engag;ed in services and miscellaneous occupations, 23 in commerce, 17 in production other than cultivation of land and 9 are employed in agricultural pursuits. Economic Activities Delhi has traditionally been a big business centre and the home of many crafts and industiies. Its position as such has been further consolidated during the last few decades, especially since after indle- pendence when the influx of displaced persons gave a fresh impet us to the manufacturing and distributing trades. In fact, the increase in economic activities and the increase in population are two inter-related and inter-dependent factors which have been influencing the economic life of the capital and its immediate neighbourhood. Whereas increasing activity on the economic front contributes to the prosperity of the territory, it offers ever new opportunities for gainful employment and also attracts a large number of people from all over India to Delhi every year, the continuous increase in the population creates, in its turn, numerous problems in the socio-economic and civic domains which call for early solution through increased activity on all fronts. These factors have naturally determined the shape of Delhi’s First and Second Five Year Plans and the various development schemes. While eff’orts have been made to encourage and develop economic activity among the people, greater and greater emphasis has had to be laid on the provision of social welfare facilities and civic amenities. According to the land records, the total agricultural land in Delhi is 3,65,797 acres, nearly two-thirds of which is now under the plough. Though the production of foodgrains and cash crops (the main food crops being Wheat, Bajra, Jowar, Gram, Barley, Maize and Rice, and Sugar-cane being the main cash crop has been steadily increas­ ing, Delhi territory can hardly ever attain self-sufficiency in its food requirements. It has to import large quantities of food-grains from other parts of India. Delhi is also dependent on imports of non- agricultural commodities and raw-materials for its expanding industries and factories. Of course, a considerable part of the imports into the territory is also meant for re-export. Another feature of Delhi’s economy is the building activity on an intensive and extensive scale. In order to accommodate the displac­ ed persons and to provide living accomodation for the expanding pop ulation of the Metropolis, many new colonies have sprung up, leadling to the expansion of the capital in all directions. Numerous pub'lic buildings are also under construction. Financial Position The total collection of local revenue in the territory is basically inelastic. Besides Income Tax, revenue is mainly derived from Sales Tax., Entertainment Tax and other taxes and duties like those on Excuse, Stamps and Motor Vehicles. Other sources of Income are the Land Revenue, Registration and Court fees etc. Even as a Part “C” State, the local Government had to depend very much upon balancing grants from the Government of India, though the financial position of the State w^as showing a gradual and marked improvement. The Budget Estimates for 1956-57, the first year of the Second Plam period, placed the income of the then Delhi State from local s o u r c e s at Rs. 418-33 lakhs. The expenditure was estimated to be Jls. 661-841 lakhs. Grants totalling Rs. 119-49 lakhs were expected from the Government of India for specific objects and the remaining defii.cit was expected to be met partly by a grant from the Government ■of I ndia totalling Rs. 78 lakhs to cover revenue deficit and partly by the closing balance of Rs. 61-02 lakhs for the year 1954-55. According to the State Budget for the year, loans totalling Rs. 349-02 lakhs (as against Rs. 455-96 lakhs in the Revised Estimates for 1955 56) were to be r e c e i v e d from the Central Government on the Capital Account for direct expenditure on capital outlay and for ioams and advances to third parties. Certain aspects relating to the Excise and Sales Tax policies are likely to affect the revenue resources of the Territory. One of the steps undertaken by the State Government, before its abolition under the States Reorganisation Act, was to introduce a policy of gradual prohibition, which would materially affect the revenue receipts. Reweoue receipts may also be affected by any review of the policy witPii regard to Sales Tax and the adoption of the recommendations of the Taxation Enquiry Commission. 4 It must be mentioned, however, that with the abolition of Delhi as a Part “C” State, there is no distinction left between the locaS income or revenue resources on the one hand and the Government of India grants and loans on the other, as was the case a few years, ago. In other words, the financial position of the Territory as s.uch,_ does not in any way affect the scope of the Second Five Year Plan. Main Problems To sum up, the following points must be borne in mind while- making a study of Delhi’s Second Five Year Plan •.— 1. Delhi is an over-populated territory with a high concentra­ tion of urban population. 2. The heavy influx of displaced persons (nearly six lakhs>, called for extensive measures for their rehabilitation and. has during the last decade or so put a great strain on the local resources and the administration. 3. There are, however, signs of increased activity and markeds progress in the economic sphere, including agriculture and; the manufacturing and distributing trades. 4. There is an urgent need for more and more activity in the: sphere of social welfare generally and particularly in res­ pect of the provision of facilities in the fields of education, and public health, and of civic amenities like transport,, electricity, water etc. 5. There is also the need to provide for the welfare of the labourers, the Harijan and Backward Classes and also for the unattached women and children, and others in needi and distress among the displaced persons. FIRST FIVE YEAR PLAN The original allocation under the First Five Year in Plan respect ofvarious schemes relating to Agriculture and Rural Development,. Industries and Labour, Education, Health and Transport, was a sum. of Rs. 748 lakhs. In the second year of the plan, Delhi became a Part ‘C' State and through the initiative of the State Government, some schemes were revised and additional schemes were incorporated in the framework of the Plan, so that the estimates of plan expendi­ ture totalled Rs.