-
REPORTRESUMES ED 012 031 56 AL 000 523 SPOKEN COCHABAMBA QUECHUA,UNITS 13-24. BY- SOLA, DONALD F. LASTRA, YOLANDA CORNELL UNIV., ITHACA,N.Y. REPORT NUMBER BR-5-1231.-6 PUB DATE 30 AUG 64 CONTRACT OEC.-SAE-9513 EDRS PRICEMF-$0.27 HC -$7.6$ 192P.
DESCRIPTORS- *QUECHUA, *DIALECTSTUDIES, *INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS, *AUDIOLINGUAL SKILLS,LANGUAGES, COCHABAMBA, BOLIVIA, ITHACA
UNITS 13-24 OF THE SPOKEN COCHABAMBAQUECHUA COURSE FOLLOW THE GENERAL FORMAT OFTHE FIRST VOLUME (UNITS1-12). THIS SECOND VOLUME IS INTENDEDFOR USE IN AN INTERMEDIATE Cl!' ADVANCED COURSE AND INCLUDESMORE COMPLEX DIALOGS, CONVERSATIONS, "LISTENING-INS,"AND DICTATIONS, AS WELLAS GRAMMAR AND EXERCISE SECTIONSCOVERING ADDITIONAL GRAMMATICAL 'POINTS. SOME MATTERS OFSTRUCTURE ARE DEALT WITHIN MORE DETAIL THAN WAS POSSIBLE INTHE BEGINNING COURSE.THE CULTURAL REFERENCES ANDVOCABULARY USED REFER TO THEAREA IN AND AROUND THE CITY OFCOCHABAMBA, BOLIVIA. (JD) goci-c-43513
" 6PoicEiNt COCHABAMBA QUECHUAh Units 13-24 Vol. II
r-- U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION & WELFARE 1 OFFICE OF EDUCATION
THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRODUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM THE
PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGINATING IT.POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS
STATED DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRESENT OFFICIAL OFFICE OF EDUCATION POSITION OR POLICY.
L 023
Y1:1, it 57423 j
Cornell University
August 30, 1964
" G170 KCN COCHABAMBA QUECHUA 4
Units 13-24
L7gwalet Seid: EYotanda/06terci,
Quechua Language Project
These materials were preparedunder
Office of Education Contract No,SAE - 9513; US Department of Health, Edu-
cation, and Welfare, authorized by PL 85-864, Title VI, Part A,
Section 602. Cochabamba QuechuaVolume II, Units 13 2k
PREFACE TO THE STUDENT This text was prepared by theQuechua LanguageMaterials Pro jec of CornellUniversity undercontract with the US Department of Health, Education,and Welfare, Officeof Education Contract No. SAE-9513, authorizedby Public Law 85-864,Title VI, Part A,Section 6020 Some of the essentials of CochabambaQuechuagrammar were presented in Spoken Cochabamba Quechua,Units 1-12. Units 13 -24w areintended for use in an intermediateor advancedcourse, and more complex Dialogues, Conversations,Listening-ins, and Dictations,as well as Grammar and Exercise sectionscovering additional grammatical points 0 Some matters ofstructure are dealt with in more detail thanwas p?ssible in thebeginning course. ST..s,'SWiVryriFOSAW!,,, S TmT t;"-Trg,'TSVAVY:,a'Fir'r"..4.'7NP,r,"tk7:s,..,n76;,,,r,W-r.TgL75 .611010etraMmerows.v......
Cochabamba, Bolivia
UNIT THIRTEEN
Dialogue
Teodora, ayoung woman who has just had her firstbaby is
visited bymama Victuka, an elderlywoman. T. Teodora. V. Victuka,
V. be born nasiy
give birth nasigi-kuy
Good morning, Teodora. How bwenos dias, teodora. are you? Have you given imaynaid kanki? birth yet? nasini-kunkifiaUu?
T. sit (polite) tiyari-kuy
Yes, mama Victuka. Cane in. art, mama bihtuka, yaykurimuy Sit down. d. tiyari-kuy.
V. A little.boyor a little girl? q"arisitueu, warmisitaeu?
T. expect, wait suyay
A little girl, ma'am. Her warmisita, mamdy. tatan father was expectinga earisituta suyasarqa. little boy.
V. first, ancient ilawpa
The first child shouldbe Flawpah wawitaqa warmisita a girl, so she will help kanan, wasipi yanapanawan- us at home. dahpah.
7.NW,WWW7- - t , ir 117Y) 110,0111111110KAIIIilr.
13.2
T. That's true. Lapis ahnaiatah.
V. Her father probably wants dahrapAdd yanapanampah a boy to help him in earisituta munagan the field. tatanqa.
T. It must be for that. daypandd kanqa.
V. Who helped you? pitah yanapasorqa.
T. Dona Filomena. dorla filomeha.
V. midwife partera Yes, she is a good arl, sumah parteraIa midwife.
T. Yes, she seems to know. arf, yadalandus sina. I wonder what she made imatadd uhyadiwarqa. me drink.
V. strong sindi
hurt, pain nanay
It must have hurt a lot. sinditadd nanaykusorqa.
=1Oli en,' It 17.7771775r4W.7,771:7.7s7777:7
T. take, hold hap'iy
Yes, the pain got me in ark. 'eahrapiiiatah nanay thO field. hap'iwarqa.
V. poor pobre
Poor Teodora. pobre teodora.
T. consciousness yuyay
lose Sinkay
I think I lost consciousness yuyaynisrtapunf sina when I got here. dinkaSi-kapusgani kayman Sayaymusaspa.
V. Poor thing! pobresital
T. I wonder how I gave birth! imaynapiSus nasidi-korganipis!
V. It's that way with the ahnapuni fiawpah wawapeqa. first child.
o T. It must have been that ahnaIatahed qampipis karqa. way with you.
77';''',"FweRFAVireF4agegnfoWimatwimoselsoo.o...... !.....0..44.2anveAwiasiszk r,
13.4
v. elder kurah My first child was born kurah wawayqa tarpukikimpi in the fielditself. nasiykuwarqa.
T. then cants (daymantatah) Poor thing! Wasn't there ay pobresital mans dantd ni any one there to take pipis q "awarisuh care of you? karqa?
V. There wasno one. I mana ni pipis karqadu. gave birth alone. sapataypinasidi-korciani. P.11,7F4r;:7,70,7,,7,jr;47,:grPrr,7177X,,, , Pi77 14,v7 ,NriTKNr.TrrA:,7!77,,,
13.5
DialogueAMEE
V. bwenos dias, teodora. imayna1d kanki? nasidi-kunkillaeu? T. ail',mama bihtuka. yaykurimuy d. tiyari-kuy. V. earisitudu, warmisitadu?
T. warmisita, mamdy. tatan earisitutasuyasarqa. V. fiawpah wawi taqawarmisita kanan, wasipi yanapanawaneahpah. T. lapis ahnalatah.
V. dahrapidd yanapanampahq"arisituta munagan tatanqa. T. daypandd kanqa.
V. pitah yanapasorqa.
T. dofia fllomena.
V. arf, sumah parterala.
T. arf, yadaianeus sina. imatadd uhyadiwarqa. V. 'sinditadd nanaykusorqa.
T. arf. eahrapigatahnanay nap'iwarqa.
V. pobre teodora.
T. yuyayniytapunf sina einkael-Impusqanikayman dayaymusaspa. V. pobresital
T. imaynapidus nasidi-korganipisl
V. ahnapuni ilawpahwawapeqa.
T. ahnalatahed qampitdskarqa.
V. kurah wawayqa tarpu kikimpinasiykuwarqa.
T. ay pobresital mans cants nipipis q "awarisuh karqa?
V. mana ni pipis karqadu. sapaiaypi nasidi-korqani.
e teg 1
13.6
Grammar
1. Some special verbs.
Illustrations eiriwan. I am cold. eiriwaneah. We (incl.) are cold. eiriwayku. We (excl.) are cold. eirisunki. You are cold. eirisunkleah. You (pl.) are cold. eirin. He is cold.
larq"asqawan. I am hungry. e,akisqawan. I am thirsty. pufiuy atisqawan. I am falling asleep. gustawan. I like it. (It is. pleasing to me) gustariiasorqaeu? 111 kay eahra,kawsay gustariwan. ,11M=MN
Drill
Substitute as suggested.
Examples:
1. Inst. eiriwan.
Stud. eiriwaneah. 13.
a. Iareasqawan. b. d'akisqawan. c. puiluy atisqawan, d. kay gustawan.
2. Inst. kay dahra kawsay gustariwan.
Stud. kay dahra kawsay gustariwayku.
a. aeanayawan. b. lawa gustawan. c. diriwan. d. d'akisqawan.
3. Inst. dirisunki.
. . Stud. di risunadah.
a. puriuy atisqasunki. b. aqtanayasunki. c. mana.aeanayasunkidu. d. mana kay !ahta gustasunkidu.
4. Inst. mana diriwandu.
Stud. mana dirindu. 177.7,r45FS.54,1,1,74 F=`,3^ .;
13.8
a. mana misk'i gustawaneu. b. mana pufitly atiwan8u. c. mana Vakisqawaneu. d. mana Wanayawandu.
Drill
Translate the English items in parenthesis in order to complete the sentences below.,
1. (he likes) kay Iahta kawsay
(you [pl.] probably like) kay Iahta kawsay
(you probably like) kay Iahta kawsay
2. (I don't feel like having chicha) kunitanqamana
(we don't feel like having chicha [excl.]) kunitanqamans
(they don't feel like having chicha) kunitanqamana
3. (I am thirsty) haku aced uhyamuna,
(you are thirsty) haku ace& uhyamuna,
(they are thirsty) haku aq'uhyamuna,
Drill
Answer the following questions.
1. punuyeu atisasunki?
2. aceanayasasunkidu? ,.
v.raswastrowNIAIMMI
13.9
3. e'akiscian8d. 4. lareasaned wawata. 5. wasin gustasunkiu?
6. nirisunki8ah6u?
7. a'akisunkidu?
Grammar uants
In English we say 'I am hungry, thirsty,cold, sleepy'. We use the verb 'to be' and an adjective. Quechua speakersuse verbs whose subject is a thirdperson; what in Englishwould be a subject is an object inQuechua. Thus, 'I am cold° is eiriwan Lit. 'It is cold for me' or 'to me'. Notice the patternin the
Illustrations. The verb Eustav,borrowed from Spanish,is used the same way. .t% So are a number ofexpressions meaning 'tofeel like something'or 'to have a yen forsomething' suchas aglanlym 'to feel like drinking chicha'; -na and -va are deriVatcVe-suffixes.
2. Omission of hu
Illustra:tions. haqay uhrah. imd sutiykiri? bwenituIaSuprofesorniyki? .....111111YIN saritaykipis k'ar)italaqa. i,r.n1,1!.,,,t,
karuraheu tokoman?
maypitah alohamyentoykiri? owsonmwommmumerrommormallierownwe imapahtah tukuy eayri?
Drill
Answer the following questions.
1. hatuneu wasiyki?
2. imaynatah fyesta?
3. sarayki yuraheu?
4. kayeu eayamoh wawayki'?
5. hatueah papayoheu tarpuykeqa? 6. aka uawasniyohdu mamayki?
7. tukusqaiiaeu wasiyki?
Grammar points The verb kay 'be' is frequently omitted lu Quechua. One can say: wasi hue'uv kagan. or
wasi(91) hue'uy. 'The house is small'
The topic marker Isa is often included in sentences where the verb haz is omitted. These sentences will be called verbless equational sentences. The verb k is omitted in another type of clause where a relational occurs with one of the items: "eviMP,1474Tipl'ii57,7xgr:47:FAIR,'W-"zwir-1,7P, ,v,17,z^r, psTrivt.-51,1-
13.11
ima=pah-tah tukuy, eavri?
'what for (tah 'all' 'that' [-ri is an indep. suffix] signals a question)
3. Modifier and head
IllUstrations
q"ela funa lazy man
manday hatun eahra a very large field
nawpah wawitaqa the first child
kay hatun sad'a this large tree
agk°a hobero wawitas these blond children
wasi punku house door
mayu kantu sana river edge tree wasa kali back street
qaeiu t'ikas yellow flowers
pisi q'omer abas few green beans
yurah sarata apamusan. He brings white corn.
puka polerayoh purisarqa. She was going around witha full red skirt. kunan pada right now
eaymanta pada eayamun. He arrives from that very place.
daika unayta einkant He has been lost for sucha .long time!
Vika sineita paraykamunt It has rained such a long timet
....momehr"hahnshOWOW ^ : 13.12 may Vika watasta mana mayu How many long years the nayamun6u1 river hasn't risen!
, . bay Vika pisita apamusani He brought so little!
Drill
Translate the English items in parenthesis in order to complete the sentences below.
1. (from, a large beautiful town) hamuni.
2. (this nice town) punata sutiyoh.
3. (candy balls) qosayki.
4. (white house door)mana gustan6u.
5. (peasants) Iahtaman dayamusan.
Grammar points
Modifiers occur before the head. (Head is a term referring to the item which is being modified. In the English phrase flood boy, boy is the head and good is the modifier. In the phrase very g221, mu is the modifier and good is the head).
Compare:
alga tiikas 'yellow flowers' and
tvikas eeiu (kanku) 'the flowers are yellow'
Raga is a substantive referring to time. dftika is a substantive referring to quantity. It is commonly used in sentences which 13.71,3
require a translationwith English exclamatorysentences.. Review the illustrative sentences whereboth of thesesubstantives occur.
4. :ma forminga type of modifier.,
Illustrations
qaIaripapaqa kunaIanrah aIasqa papa. New potatoesare those which have beenrecently dug. ongosqa Tunao A sickman. muspasqa wayna. A confusedyoung fellow. wakiSisqa aq"a. Prepared chicha. qampa wakidisqaykiaea. The chicha whichyou prepared. qampa wakidisqaykiareas. The chichas whichyou prepared. qampa wakidisqayki. The one whichyou prepared. qampa wakidisqasniyki. The ones whichyou prepared.
Drill .QT ,% Form substantives from the verbsin the columnon the left and make themmodify the substantivesin the coluinon the right. dihlay koka kargay bufu tukuy wasi munay wawa Iank'ay haIp'a Wen,?ei,
...... 01. N.5,1 'Y4 1
13.14
Drill
Complete the patternas indicated in the example below.
Example: Inst. gobyernohmunascian Tuna.
Stud. gobyernohmunascian Luna.
gobyernohmunascian Tunas.
gobyernohmunascian.
gobyernohmunasqasnin.
1. qampa Yuwasqayki wasi.
2, wawah munascian misk'i.
3. profesorpa yada6isqanwawa. 4. noqah kargasqay bufu.
5. pedroh' apamusqan waipa,
Grammar points.
:ma is a suffix which derives substantives from verbs:
'to choose'
Sihia-scia 'chosen'
'want', 'love'
manazzaa 'loved', 'wanted'
The substantives thus derivedare frequently used as modifiers.
zIgateepeda ,re-mr,1173:25
13.15
ListeningIn
fiawpah earlwawa kani. famuku sutiy. tarpu kikimpi
mamay nasidi-kuwasqa, daymanta pada tarpulapipurini, tarpulapi
Iank'ani. wasiypi tiyan kinsa warmiwawas. manan paykunaqa
tarpupi Iank'ankudu, wasaapimamayta yanapanku. sapalay fiawpah earlwawa hina tarpupi Iank'ani.
teodora tarpu kikimpi masidi-kunwarmisita wawata. tatan earisitu kanantamunarqa. mama bihtuka "warmisita kananqa
sumahlad nin,ftasipi yanapa- kunanpah ". mana nipi yanapanku teodorata, pay sapaIampi nasidi-kun.
Conversations
I.
A. Listen, Mama Victuka, pleasehelp me. B. Why not?What shall I helpyou with? A. My wife is giving birth.
B. I'm not a midwife, DofiaFilomena knows about thosethings. II.
A. Have you already given birth,Teodora? B. Yes, Mama Victuka.
A. A little girl or a little boy?
B. A little girl ma'am. Is it alright? J." 4 Arri, 9'
13.16.
III.
A. The pain that gotyou must have been bad.
B. Yes, the pain gotme in the field.
A. Poor Teodora. How you must have cried,
B. I had lost consciousnessupon coming here.
INOIMMX,Walimmwm. . . , 1r
Cochabamba, Bolivia
UNIT FOURTEEN
Dialogue
Jacinto hasa back ache. Honoria, his wife, getsa curer, Dona Andrea. She looks at himand tells Honoriawhat to do. J. -Jacinto. H. Honoria. A. Andrea.
J. well alin I'm not well, (wife). ay, ay, ayl mama aIindu, Ouch! warmi.
H. What's the matter? imaya kankiri?
J. back wasa:
I have a bad backache. kay wasalay andatatah nanasqawan.
H. pneumonia pulmonia
Maybe you are aboutto lea pulmonia hap'iy get pneumonia. munasqasunki.
J. medicine man hampiri call wahyay
Would you go calla medicine uh hampiri man? wahyarqorimuwah. 14.2
hampiy H. cure, medicine to mama andreasumgh_yaean Dofia Andrea knows how wahyarqampusayki. cure. I'll go callher hampiyta. for you.
qosay onclosqa Dofia Andrea, my husband mama andrea, imayohiadus is sic1 I wonder what kascian. is wrong withhim. kampis.
imantah nananri? A, What hurts?
wasan, non. H. His back, he says.
diri A. cold humpsisaspadd diriyakd I wonder ifhe drank cold water while heperspired. uhayaykorqa.
waqayeay H. keep These men don't ieatahpis ari. manatah Perhaps. waqayea-kdy know how to take care kay earisqa of themselves. yadankueu.
haku q"awamusun. ida A. Let's go seehim. Perhaps we'll know howto cure yadasunman imawandus him. hampiyta.
dyus H. God pay pagay mamdy. dyus Let's go ma'am. God haku ari, will repay you. pagarapusonqa.
umwoca.....emeiNNy. 14.3
A. Good morning, Jacinto. bwenos dias, tata hasinto, How do yoti"feel? imaynaid kanki?
J. I'm not well, Andrea. mama sumaheu kani, mamdy andrea.
A. What hurts? imaykf nananri?
J. My back. kay wasalay.
A. touch Iuhiy
Let's see. going aber. Iuheirisqayki. to feel you. Is it kaynehpieu? here?
J. there daypi
Yes, there. Ouchl ay, ayt arf eaynehpi.
A. pass, spend pasay
expose oneself pasaykudi-kuy You must have been exposed Siriwaad pasaykuei-korganki. to the cold.
J. It must be that, Andrea. Saved kanqa, mamdyandrea. Would you give me imalaykitapis goriwanlamml. something? 741,3;VATi., .sq
14.4
A. boil t'impuy
to cause to boil t'impudiy
prepare we,kidiy
Boil some water, Honoria, yakd t'imporqdisgay, doaria to prepare the medicine. onorya, Kamp/ wakidinapah.
H. Yes, ma'am. say, mama.
A. barley sewada
black yana
corn sara
Bring barley and black sewadd apamuy, yana corn. saratawan.
get well sumahyay
witchcraft -layqa
If your husband doesn't mana kaywan qosayki get well with this it sumahyahtenqa laygaed must be sorcery. kanqa.
H. injection inyehsyon
Yes, ma'am. Should I say, mama. inyehsyontadu buy a shot? fantiyman?
What is that for? imapah dayri? .4s.,e,a,q5,,z7Tw.F.r,fr-r4,597gpTow.
14.5
drugstore botika
be expensive andapi kay
Drugstore 'medicinesare botika hampisqa ancapi expensive. But they kanku. manatah ni img don't cure anything. hampinkudu.
H. That's theway it is. ahnatah daypis art.
A. cause illness maayay
Drugstore medicinesmake botika hampisqa hind people sick. milayadinku.
cover q"atay
bundle up ceepiday wrapped up ceepidasqa
wrapped up (dim.) q'epieasgeta
Honoria, coveryour doliaonorya, sumahta husband well. Keep him q"ataykuy gosaykita. well wrappedup so he sumah q'epieasgetapi will perspire. hap'inki hump'iyatinampah.
H. Yes, Andrea. May God day,mama andrea. dyus repay you. pagarapusueun.
Here are some potatoes. kayqa papita. kaysitti Take this withyou. apart -kuy. Cook them foryourself. wayk'uri-kamuy. 3.46
A. Yes, ma'am. Thank you. day, mama. agradeseyki.
dawn sut'iyay
I'll come back tomorrow ceaya sut'iyaymanta at dawn. kutimusah.
70.170,...., "`0006,001121110:1110:.
14.7
DialoEuejleam
J. ay, ay, ayl mana aIindu, warmi.
H. imayeih kankiri?
J. kay wasaIay andatatah nanaAqawan.
H. ida puimonia hapviy munasqaSunki.
J. uh hampirt wahyarqorimuwah.
H. mama andrea sumah yadan hampiyta. wahyarqampusayki. mama andrea, gosay.onciosqa kascian. imayohIadus kampis.
A. imantah nananri?
H. wasan, nin.
A. humpqsaspadd diri yakd uhayaykorqa.
H. idatahpis ari, manatah kay earisqa waqayda-kdy yadankau.
A. haku eawamusun. ida yadasunman imawandus hampiyta.
H. haku ari, mamdy. dyus pagarapusonqa.
A. bwenos dias, tata hasinto. imaynald kanki?
J. mana sumandu kani, malady andrea.
A. imaykf nananri?
J. kay wasalay.
A. abdr. luhdirisqayki. kaynehpidu?
J. ay, ayl arf daynehpi.
A. diriwandd pasaykudi-korganki.
J. daydd kanqa, mamdy andrea. imalaykitapis qoriwankiman.
A. yakd t'imporciodisgay, dofiaonorya, hampl wakidinapah.
H. day, mama. gi;+ ri.M.7"7,T,";7.-7{7,i6. W.;7.9777.7K..
148
A. sewadd apamuy, yana saratawan. mana kaywan qosayki sumahyahtenqa layqaod kanqa.
H. day mama. inyehsyontadu fantiyman?
A. imapah eayri?botika hampisqa andapi kanku. manatah ni imd hampinkudu.
H. ahnatah daypis art.
A. botika hampisqa fund milayadinku. doia onorya, sumahta q "ataykuy gosaykita. sumah q'epidascletapi haptinki hump'iy atinampah.
H. day, mama andrea. dyus pagarapusudun. kayqa papita. kaysitd apari-kuy. wayk'uri-kamuy.
A. day, mama. agradeseyki. q'aya sut'iyaymanta kutimusah. 14.9
Grammar
1. Diminutives
Illustrations
bwenituiaduprofesorniyki? kay kinsitala, tatay.
day yuritupi.
Drill
Give the diminutivesas in the example. Example:
Inst. kasero
Stud. kaseritu
Inst. bwena
Stud. bwenita
Inst, kay
Stud. kaysitu
1. sara
2. hud'uy
3. Vika
4. aglea
5. lama 777,74,-"ilr:r 7.41,4,71, VA' rPT
..seea or 1.4.v."-+wt.
Grammar points
The diminutive suffixes -itu, -ito9 -ita, -situ, -sits:),
-sita were borrowed from Spanish. Their distribution is unpredictable. o and u vary freely as they do in word-final
position in most Quechua words. -itu, -ito, -sito are usually
added to substantives ending ino or andsita to
substantives ending ina. -situ and- ,vita usually occur after consonants.
These suffixes occur immediately after the root, and form
part of the substantive stem to which other suffixescan be added:
warmi-sita-s-ravku 'on account of these little women'
Diminutives may indicate small size, but they are also
used for endearment, etc. as in Spanish: pepituy 'My little Joe'.
2. The Verbalizerzgya,
Illustrations
eela lazy
kay dyas walpay qfteiayascian.
miiay dirty botika hampisqa fund milayaeinku. o. gahru hampiswan astawan With those mixed remedies peroyaykun Lay don hasintu. Don Jacinto has worsened.
- Ns
14.3.1
Drill
Give a derived infinitive as in theexample andguess the. meaning.
Example:
Inst. q"eia t. Stud. q "elayay
1. hatun
2. wayna
3. sut'i 4. Tuna 5.aNk"a
3. The distributivemodal suffix .=.ra
Illustrations maqapuwan. He punishes him. (a-mother complaining, abouther child being punishedby someone else) maqarapuwan. He punishes eachone of them. (a mothercomplaining about her children beingpunished by someone else) wawayta hayt'apuwan. He kicksmy child. wawasniytahayt'arapuwan. He kicks eachone of my children.
111 NETW't'lW",fM
14 12
apay day ceepita. Carry that bundle.
apay day ceepista. Carry those bundles.
aparay day ceepista. Carry those bundles one byone.
kirpay day mankata. Cover that pot. (with its cover) klrparay day mankata. Uncover that pot.
eatay day mankata. Cover that pot. (with a cloth as if to hide it)
qdataray day mankata. Uncover that pot.
tapay* day mankata. Cover that pot. (with its cover) taparay day mankata. Uncover that pot.
Drill
Translate the Englishitems in parenthesis inorder to complete the sentencesbelow.
1. (teachesone by one) hasinto funasninman. 2. (prunes one by one) famukuneah kantumanta sadasnindahta
3. (cover) wawasta. 4. (washes) manwela wawasninta 5. (I already uncovered) manka
Grammar points
The distributive modalsuffix -ra indicatesthat an action
*This is the most commonlyused verb. '1, 7): ,F,VWX77,71,'773,,g7PVATFTW'Mr.,
14.13
is performed as a series. It is usually translated 'one by one'.
With some verbs, however, thesame form means to do the
contrary of whatever is indicated by theverb. This meaning of -ra is not very frequent.
4. Comparison
IlluArations
qanmantaqa noqa aswan hatun kani. I am bigger than you.
qanmanta aswan hatun I am bigger than you.
qan hina hatun kani, I am a6 -bigas you.
noqaqa mana qan hina hatundu I am not as big as you, kani.
tukuymanta aswan hatun kani. I am the biggest.
aswan puka kah. The most red.
Drill
Combine the two sentences givenbelow into acomparative sentence as in the example.
Example:
Inst. qan hatun kanki. noqa hatun kani.
Stud. qanmantaqa noqa aswan hatun kani.
1. haIp'ayki hatun. haip'ay hatun.
2. day halp'a sumah. kay halp'as sumah. 14.14
3. sarayki puka. saray puka. 4. bufusnin anea. bufusnlyki agea.
5. Iahtayki hatun. Iahtayku hatun.
Drill
Combine the two sentences given below intoa comparative sentence as in the example.
Example:
Inst. qan hatun kanki. noqa hatun kani.
Stud.. qan hina hatun kani.
1. sarayki agea. saray agea.
2. wawasniy huduydah kanku. wawasniyki hud,uydah kanku.
3. mamayki bwena. mamay bwena.
4. warmly waykgun. warmlykl wayk'un.
5. asensyo indyu Tuna. nocian5ah indyu Tunas.
Drill
Combine the two sentences given below intoa comparative sentence as in the example.
Example:
Inst. noqa hatun kani. qan hatun kanki.
Stud. noqaqa mana qan hina hatundu kani.
1. wakay hatun. wakayki hatun. 14.15
2. tarpuy sumah. tarpuyki sumah..
3. indyus hoberoskanku. yankis hoberos kanku. 4. hose hue'uy: pedro hunuy.
5. day Tuna eeIa. kay uh Tunaq ela.
Drill
Answer as in, theexample. Example:
Inst. hatundu kanki?
Stud. ari, tukuymantaaswan hatun kant.
1. day waka hatundu?
2:Saysara sumah yuraheu? 3.- day Tuna eeiaeu?
4. day piskuduaswan sindi?
5. kay bufueuaswan hud'uy?
5. Narrative
Illustrations imaynatah kasqa eay lawa? What was that mushlike? dofia presentakasqa. day yuritupiyaku q'ofiiyki kasqap. famukuhpa yuritumpi yaku There had been waterin kasqa. Hamuku's jug. 14.16
mama andrea, qosay ongosqa katqdn. qosan onqosqa kasqa. They say her husband was sick. hwdn walleisqa. They say John killed. hwdn kunitan wa!pata wafiuniscian. John is killing the hen now.
Drill Translate the English items in parenthesis inorder to complete the sentences below.
1. (they say he arrived) tata kura mana pwebloman eay watapi.
2. (they say he was) onoryah qosan onqosqa
3. (he is) qosayki layqasqa.
4. (it is) mana sarasumaheu
5. (they say it was) sebada sumah
6. (he is) wawa
7. (they say he went) famuku Iahtaman taws, bufuson.
8. (she is boiling) marya yakuta kunitan.
9. (they say she boiled) marya yakuta
10. (he is doing) imatd hampiri
Grammar taints The narrative is used when telling a story,when report-
ing something the speaker hasn°t seen orisn°t sure of. The narrative usually refers to the past, but mayrefer to events 14.17
that have not taken place. It is also used whena doubt the
speaker had, has been clarified. .
:ma, narrative, is not followed by -n third person singular, zsgaitself signals 3rd p. sing. actor when it is noi.followed by another personal suffix:
kammazni 'that I had been' ka-s a-nki 'that you had been'
ka-sqa 'that he (she, it) had been'
ka-sqa-ndah 'that we (incl.) had been'
liezmazzga 'that we (excl.) had been' ka-natalnah 'that you (pl.) had been' ka-sqa-nku 'that they had been° You may remember the context where the sentence dals presentapunl_hasaa occurred:neither interlocutor knew who had died. One of them finds out that it was indeed dolia Presenta.
His doubt was clarified and he reports: doria nresentapuni galai. imavnatah kasqa lawa? 'What was that mush like? i.e. What had it been like once you tasted it and made sure' .41yvurituDi make wiliyki gasaan. kasclan, means 'is'. This=saais continua- tive (and alternates with -ga and -so) and must not be confused with saa narrative. With kasgan the speaker states a fact which is going on; with kasqa the speaker reportsabout something. We will now summarize the differentuses of the form :ma.
1. zlaaa continuative, alternates with -sa and -ga, This is a
modal suffix. Unit Five. Example: fuwagan, fuwasan, Ilawmala 'he is making'. 14.18
2. .19a, future, alternates with-sa. Unit Fifteen. Examples:
lummElLtaa 'We (excl.* will make', go...-s_ga ki 'I will give you', aa=211:11sagl II will give you (pl.)'.
3. .712a, substantivizer.
a. used as a modifier. Example: manama Ymna 'loved man'
6. Review of imperatives
Illustrations
yanapaway. Help me. yanapawayku Help us. maylapuy Wash it for her. goy Give him, give them. gowaydah You (pl.) give me. bendeydah Sell (you pl.) to him.
Drill
Answer with an imperative:
1. hampiykidu?
2. pagaykidandu?
3. yakuta t'impudipusandu doiiaonoryapah? 4. fantipusaheu paykunapah?
5. sari gosaykidu? 14.19
Li sterling -In
tata hasintuonqoyman 6ayan. ima oncloymandus dayampis,
manan ya64y atisclankudu. layqa kanqa ninkuwakinkunaqa. mama onorya hampih ruega-kun. yakuta t'impudispa, siwadatayana
sarawan gahruspa wasanman q'epigan. sumahta q"atanku tata hasint uta, day tuta enterota mandaytahumpliykun, day tutahpa ceayampi flan alinyasarcialla.
Conversations I.
A. Where do you havea pain?What is it you feel?
B. I don't know what'swrong with me, I just havea back ache. A. You must have drunkcold water whileyou were sweating.
B. It must have beenth4-4 I don'teven know myself. II.
A. I am taking drugstoreremedies. B. Who is sick?
A. Andrea, my wife, israther sick.
B. Quick, then, maybe shewill get worse still. III.
A. They have bewitchedyour husband.
B. What am I going tobuy?
A. You have to take himto the witch doctor.
B. If it is thatway, I will have to take him. V.714r70-W.4.
Cochabamba, Bolivia
UNIT FIFTEEN
Dialogue
Don Isidro is branding his cows. His family and friends,
Tomaku and Antonio, are helping him. I. Isidro. T.-Tomaku A. Antonio.
T. Don Isidro, we come to don Isidro, yanapaykureh help you. hamusgayku.
I. chicha aq "a drink uhyay
Come in, come in. Let's yaykumuyeah, yaykumuyeah. drink this chicha. kay aeetd uhyaykurisun.
Oh fine! Well, let's d baya1 uhyaykurina ari. drink.
I. lassoer lasead6r Don Tomaku, you must be don tomaku, sumah laseadored
a good lassoer. s clan kawah.
T. forget, forgetfulness cionqapuy
Not any more. I'm manatah: kay clonqapuyta beginning to forget. munascianina. 47
15.2 1
remember yuyariy With this chicha you kay kunan aeetawan will remember now. yuyarergolanki.
Come on, let's go. haku finatafia.
I. post pwesto
take one's place pwestonea-kuy
Let's take our places first. pwestonea-kunarah aswan usclaytaqa.
iron fyefo
brand markay
You as lassoer, Tomaku. qan laseadormanta, tomaku. You will take the iron, gantah fyefo hap'inki, Antonio, in order to antonyo, markanaykipah. brand.
T. ear ninri
cut k'utuy
Albert you will cut ears. alberto, qan ninrin k'utunki.
I. ribbon sinta
Let Nary tie ribbons. kay marya sintd.duradun.
horn wahra cut euduy
Let Pascual cut the horns. paskwil wahrdn k"udonqa. a ,Y
15.3
tail aupa
Let Simon out tails. kay aim& eupdn k"ueueun.
And Peter wIlI:colleot pedrotah tawaininta hap'enqa. the blood.
T. which maygen
begin qatariy
bull toro
white yurah
With which one shall we . manenwdn Talarisun? haqay begin?With that black torowanau, kay yurah bull or with this white wakawanrahau? cow first?
I. Let it be with this cow. cay wakawanrah ka un.
T. calf terneru
behind q"epa
And those calves later? y terneritustarf eepalamanad?
I. Yes, yes. arr.
T. ready , listu
Ready?Are you all set? 3i std? listufiaau kankiaah? a
A. Yes. Let's get going. Pa. cionaIallia.
1
1 15.4
Dialogue Review
T. don isidro, yanapaykureh hamusclayku.
I. yaykumuyeah, haykumuyeah. kay aceetd uhydykurisum
T. 4 baya. uhyaykurina ari,
I. don tomaku, sumah laseadored qan kawah.
T. manatah. kay clonqapuyta munascianifia.
I. kay kunan aceetawan yuyarerciolanki.
A. haku finalafia.
I. pwestonda-kunarah aswan usclaytaqa. qan laseadormanta, tomaku. qantah fyefo hap'inki, antonyo, markanaykipah.
T. alberto, qan ninrin k'utunki.
I. kay marya sinter duradun. paskwdl wahrdn k"udonqa. kay sim6n dupdn eududun. pedrotah lawarninta hap'enqa.
T. mayclenwein qalarisun? haqay torowaneu, kay yurah wakawanraheu?
I. kay wakawanrah kaeun.
T. kay terneritustarf q"epalamandd?
I. art, ari.
T. yastd? listuilaeu kankidah?
A. ya. clonaIdia. .5
Grammar k.'
1. Future time,review
Illustrations
kay pudohtaqaq'ayalafiatukusah.
qsaya sut'iyaymantakutimusah. qan ninrn k'utunki.
pay hinalatapuninenqa, mayqenwdn qalarisun2
mayqenwdn qalarisundah7
hamoh watapinoqayku Iank'amusayku day halp*ata. We willcultivate that land nextyear. qankuna wasita tuwam kidah. You will builda house. Sayhinamantaqasomahlapidd kawsakoncianku.
misk'isitdqorisqaykl. I will giveyou candy. misk'isitdqorisqaykidah. I will giveyou (pl.) candy.
Drill
Givethe corresponding plural form ofthe verb.
1. no qa sumahta q "awapusah.(incl.) 2. ana oq "ariy atenqadu.
3. qan tarpuyta qalarimunki. lmrot, . .01
3,56
4. pay halp'atarank'amonqa
5. sut'iyayta finki.
6. q'aya uhyah fisah. (excl.)
7. aswan uh fatunehman tususah. (incl.)
Drill
Substitute the suggested subjects.
1. noqa q'aya sut'iyaymanta kutimusah.
pay
dofia onorya
paykuna qan
2. pedrotah lawarninta hap'enqa.
nociandah
clan noqayku
g'I.akuna
3. kay simOn dupdn leudonqa. qan
paykuna
pay noqandah
t . 15.7
4. maNk"a bufuswan 1'isah. qankuna
famuku noqayku noqa
clan
Drill
Answer the following questions:
tr 1. manadd q'aya hampfapamuyta cionqankidu2 2. noqaduyana waki/ahpa ninrinta k'utusah? 3. mayk'ah qalarisun?.
4. ceayadu pagasonqanku?
5. q'aya finkidu wakasmarkaypi yanapah?
6. noqaykudu, qankunaduwayk,usundah?
7. eaysau kasarangankufakundo eliberawan?
8. pitatah gobyerno alkaldemanta 8uraricleif
9. pitah fyestapi.tusonqa?
Drill
Add :sal or -sa whichwill make the verb formsrefer to the future as in theexample. Example:
Inst. misk'isitd qoyki.
Stud. misk'isitd gosqayki. L7, ITPTA,HX.o.
15.8
1. dahrata eawapuyki.
2. Sayta qoyki.
3. papata saratawaneihlayki.
4. kokata apamuykieah.
5, aNk"a papata apamuylci.
2. The Substantivizer -na Illustrations
yastafia mik"una. haku q"awarimunanoqawanfiatah ari. akompatianari-kuna. hina pitaykurinapis ari. haku finaTafia. aNk"a apamunayki kascian. I have a lot to bring. agea apamunayki tiyan. I have a lot to bring. dayIata ageafia q'epinay. 011, A11.= tukuy Saymanta uh librupi orq "onaypah. hamu-kunalaykipahpuni. kaypi eepa-kuy payeayamunan Stay here until he arrives. kamao munani yanapanawaykita. I want you to help me. et-r,971a.maalakarriatarmraiaMITT.FFT.Ta717,717774'73,411.
15.9
Drill
Give the nouns which are derived from the following verbs as in the example and guess the meaning.
Example:
Inst. mik"uy.
Stud. mik"una. (food)
I. puhlay
2. pufiuy
3. yaykuy
4. claray
Drill
Give the expression meaning 'let us go as in the example,
Example:
Inst. Iankgay
Stud. haku Iank'amuna.
1. mik "uy
2. q"away
3. apuray
4. uhyay
5. pitay 15.10
Drill Give the expression which will mean "to have a lot to as in the example.
Example:
Inste anda Tank'ani.
Stud. antra Tank'anay.
1. aNk"ata q'epini.
2. aNkfld fuwanki.
3. aNed apanki.
4. aNkuata wayk'un.
5. aned wayk'un.
6. andd Tank'anku.
7. aNk"d tarpundah.
8. aftnata fuwayku.
9. aNeata q'epinkidah.
Drill Give the expression which will mean "in orderto as in the example.
Example:
Inst. lank'ant.
Stud. lank'anaypah.
1. usclayta hamunki. !,,tf 717.7.T479317,7,17,A747.,...,WrprF7T,Sacr.3'41,7,11,74.'4',;4 ".
15..11
2. an Ianklanki.
3. warmi kgtimun usqayta.
4. wawas puhray atinku.
5. noqayku papa mik"uyku.
6. qankuna dayta wilankidah.
7. noqa alohamyentoyman 1ini.
8. day funakunadahramanta Iahtaman linku. : -
Drill
Substitute the suggestedsubjects.
1. munani yanapanawaykita. hwn
mamayki
paykuna
2. profesormunan hamunaykuta. profesores qan
3. halp'ayohmunan /ank'anaykuta.
Paylema qan V. ..,,.70:15743M
15.12
Drill
Translate the English items in parenthesis in order to complete the sentences below.
1. (until they arrive) kaypi teepa -kuy
2. (until I come) kaypi q"epa-kuy
3. (until your mother gets here) kaypi eepa-kuy k. (until the landlord arrives) lank'aydah
5. (until we come back) lank'aySah
6. (until the mayor says) lank ay8ah wah hinamanta
Grammar Rolas
-na is a substantivizer; it derives substantives from verbs:
'eat'
mik"u-na 'food'
mik"u-na-s 'foods'
A form derived by -na always adds the personal suffixes that normally go with substantives: 7
puhla -na -y
puhla.nanyll puhla-na-agah Verbs plus -na are used with clearly substantival functions:
puhlanayta munani 'I want my toy' But they are also used as verbals, i.e. as centers of subordinate clauses. 77r,r77---,qt.''"`q": 7 ',?4r51 ,k,'"
15.13
Example:
hamuni mik°unampah 'I came so that he could eat' .
valimasual nooavku LanlaneamahL'Helpusso" that;.:we can work'
39inanta munani 'I want him to go°
There are two main types of subordinate clauseswith -net.
The subject of the subordinate clause isdifferent from that of the main clause in both types.The most common are na-pah-clauses which express purpose:
ha mikulinampah: '1came so that he could eat' .-- -na clauses usually occur with the word kama 'until'. The action of the verb in the main clause continuesuntil the action of the
verbal in the subordinate clause interruptsit:
kavpi eepankipay,gayamunan kama 'Stay here until he comes back'
na-ta-clauses :function as direct objects ofcertain verbs. They always contain a subject whichis different from the one in the main clause:
mieunanta munani 'I want him to eat'' uninflected na-forms are often used tomean net's': eawamuna 'Let's look!'
haku flosal 'Come on, let's got'
Finally, na-forms are used toexpress obligation: agkaa apamunay kasoan 'I have a lot to carry Lit. 'Much my load is'. agk"a apamunav is the subjectof the verb luasoan.' Wank is also used in this construction. Notice that in and:Etta
We. 15.14
Tank'anav tiyan 'I have a lot of work to do', lank'anav takesa direct object.
wasita lank'anan tivan 'He has 'to build a house'.
3. The inceptive modal suffix -ri
Illustrations
pufiuridilawayriaentonses ari. .11111=NR11111111 cloriway d? haku eawarimuna. 111111M1iMMINSINV pasaritiway. Excuse me (used whenone goes across someone else's property)
Drill
Make the following command formsmore polite by inserting the. suffix -ri immediatelyafter the stem.
1. wakaykita q"awaeiway.
2. imaynata wayk'urinki. ya6adiway.
3. mik"unaykita claramuway.
4. kay tarpupiyanapaway.
5. q'aya dya hamuy:.
6. imatd mik"usanki. cloway:
7. wawayta masyay. pr....v.W1W?7,47frnr1,.r, 7,Pr.".0.-,,,g..1`.4W.A.,.F577-.1'''''',47=PV4105.Y.---5r.t4..".M,.177..,),nr. ..
.1515
crmaltJaAnla
-ri is an inceptive modalsuffix.. It means 'to begin to': =meta= 'to be restless':inkulazikat''to begin to be
restless'. It is commonly uSed to'add politeness: cloway 'give me': gortgaz 'Please give me'.
4. The modal suffix,-rpa
IllustrationS
golqeydus. kanman dayqa, If I had -money I would buy fantirpariyman. it right away.
hwdn wailurpadin. John killed him.
gorpay. Hit him.
Drill
Insert :Epa after the verbstem in the followingexpressions thus adding a certainroughness, or suddenness.
1. day q"awa-kusgandahwakatapis fantirinkufia. 2. day yanta purisaspala pullusqa.
3. sumah amigulatatahmagasqa. 4. uh watuylapi lanksasqat
5. yurah walpanta wailudisqa. 15:16
Grammar points
The modal :ER1 indicates that an action. is performed suddenly, quickly, or roughly: soz 'give': clorpay 'give blows': koreykuriy 'Run in it please: ko1eykurpariy 'Bun in it quickly please'.
5. The honorific modal suffix. :me
Illustrations
fly mik"orqori-koh. Pleasego and eat. kay kunan aq"etawan yuyarerqolanki. maneay munasqata uywarqo-kun. She brought him up lovingly. aparqoy. Take it if you please. aparqamuy. Bring it if you please.
Drill
Add :1-19 to the verb stem in the following expressions thus making them more polite.
1. wasiyohpaman qayiays
2. tardeyayiatafia 8ayan.
3. hina onqosqapis mamanman hamu-kun.
4. kofey, eay walpata hap'imuy.
5. kunitan day aq"ata apamuy.
, iff.rfilWQ2l177cEwiTTr,,-7
15.1?
ortmag..magit.
_rag, honorific is a modal suffixwhich:indicatesrespect,
politeness, or affection. It is commonly used whenguests are
present, not only to addressthem, but to addressother people as well. It is also used when doingcollective work, at harvest time, for instance.
=En has the variant formzna.,,directly before=1112, =Ea, or iska:
aparoamuE 'Bring it, ifyou please' wailoroaDoh 'One who dies'
lohserca-kamuscia 'He had come out'
6. The modal suffix -yku
Illustrations
sirbiykuri-kugah. Help-z yourselves. (to this). eliberahpa tatanqa.
dunka wakilastapuniqoykusqa n n.
qatariykuTasunfiadu? Shall we begin, already? (referring to something specific)
uhlata wahtan. He gave a blow.
uhiata wahtaykun. He,,Buddenly hit him. wahtay. Strike, . wahtaykuy. Strike that. Drink it down. aced wahtay. Drink the ohicha.
n 14 77..1,W:3).77.,r477: M7F,11$7.71,7rf
15.18
aced wahtaykuy. Do drink the chicha.
kargaykamu1asunfiaeu7' Shall we go load them? p'ampaykapusanku. They are bUrying. her.
Drill Add -yku to the stem of the main verb thus rendering the er.tion specific or intensive.
1. qayeaspa q "aparin.
2. uhlata mik "un.
3. mik"uy.
4. Say funa fik"urld.
5. uhyay.
6. apamuy.
Grammar points The Modal suffix -yku intensifies the meaning of the verb
and makes it refer to something specific. This suffix has the variant form :al whic curs directly before -mu, =a, and -ka: apaykuv 'Take it!'
apaykamuy °Bring it!'
PIPARED11022102 'They are T4.7ing her' interesayka-kapuyman 'I would be interested in it!'
7. The frequentative modal suffix -ykaea 15:19
Illtistrations-
day tuna lahtanman purin. That man went to hiscity. Lay tuna muyunehta puriykaein. Thatman strolls along the river.
plasapi tantin. She shops at themarket. plasapi tantiykadan She shops around atthe market.
Lay q "atoh imilitastalsh He was.Atlill lookingat the eawaykada-kuspakasarclaqa. girls 'who sell.
Drill
Translate the Englishitems in parenthesisin order to complete the sentencesbelow.
1. (walking around) kaynehiapi day wawayki. 2. (she was shoppingaround) imastarandd . 3. (he is already working onclosgarah kasanpero part time) .
4. (I do it) sapa munarispa 5. (is still shopping around) day warmi plasapi.
Grammar points
The suffix -vita&indicates thatan action is performed repeatedly: oearini 'I lift': octuarivkadani 'Ilift several times'.
'ar44,14,2*41142"4-...Z.,..: gi r s, gye a t 411 d
-...... ,
o
1 15.20
Listening-In
tukuy funas pwestonea-kunkufia, don tomaku laseyadorpis lasuntaqa hap'iykunfia. kunan markanganku kasqa ask "a wakasta. eayrayku runakunaqa listueari-kusqanku, sapa uh imataeus hap'inankuta hap'ispa, usclayrapied kay tukuy wakasta markanganku,
Conversations
I.
A. Don Tomaku, lasso that cow now.
B. Who will cut its horns?
A, My wife will come; she will help us.
B. Ok, then I lasso.
A. You won't cut its tail.
B. What is its tail going to be for?
A. Perhaps we will lose a lot of blood,
B. Ok, then we will cut only its horns.
III.
A. Go with that man.
B. Yes. I will make him arrive to the casa de gobierno.
A. You will watch out, this man is fromHudnuco.
B. Yes, I will watch out. I already know him well. Cochabamba, Bolivia
UNIT SIXTEEN
Dialogue,
Don Pfo is buildinga house. The anthropologistcomes around and offers to help. P. Pfo. A. Anthropologist.
A. begin to make fuwaykuri-kuy something folt oneself
Are you building yourself wasitaeu fuwaykuri-kusganki, a house, Don Pfo? don pio?
P. be (weather) fuwamuy
the weather isgood sumah fuwamun Yes, now that the weather arf, kay sumahlarah is good I am trying fuwamusahtin apuraykurfy to hurry. munasclani.
rain paray
month, moon kila
Well, when the rainymonths paray kilas hame8-tenqa get here, it is not mananan'atikonqadu,art. possible.
A. During what months doesit ima kilaspf paramdy usually rain? yadanri? ....7=r47.132MWOW,
16.2
P. December disyembre
March marsu Beginning in December, it disyembremanta qalari-kuspa, continues until March. marsu kama paraykamulampuni.
November nobyembre
And sometimes it will rain abesesnintah nobyembremanta right in November. padana paramdy yaean.
A. What months are better for ima kilastah aswan wasf house building? lank'adi-kunapah?
P. April abrfl
October ohtubre Well, from April to October. abrilmanta ohtubre kama d.
A. Why are those months better? imaraykutah day kilas aswan sumdh kankuri?
P. burn fupday
be warm (weather) fup"a-kamuy
Well, it is sunny during sumahta fup"a-kamun day those months. kilaspi d.
rest samay
Ok now. I'll rest with bayal samarisah kay this good chicha. Please aq"etaywan. qampis drink also, sir. uhyariy d, weragoda. 16.3
A. roof teSay
Well, alright. Thank you. Say ari,agradeseyki. With what willyou roof imawantah wasl tedankidah? the house?
P. We will put tile. tehds durasayku.
A. straw 16"u
roof teSu
Here, however, mosthouses kaypi peroaswan Agkfta have straw roofs. Don't wasisqa teeosniyohla they? kanku, i?
P. Yes, and they are old houses. arr, fiawpa wasistahkanku d.
know 1ihsiy Just now we are beginning kay kunaTanrahtehastapis to use tile. Ok now. sf hhsirisqayku. We will begin bayal again. qaTarilasqaykuilatah.
A. Yes. Couldn't I help you? and, mans yanapaykuriykidahman?
P. heavy lase
raise oq"arly lift repeatedly Warlykaday narrow, thin &fat
hurt (polite) nanarqoy A., Mate AV.-7irr:Sr75M711Mr-t 1-744'7;irt
16.4
Well, how sir?Lifting imaynata d, weraqoddy. kay these heavy things you lasasta oq"ariykadaspaqa would get a back ache. full% wasaykipis nanarviy munasunkiman.
A. And so what. It hurts you imanantah eayri? akaso manadu too. Doesn't it? qankunatapis nanasunkieahri?
P. to be accustomed to yaeasqa kay Well, but we are used to pero noqaykoqahue'uymanta- working from the time pada sindi Iank'ayman we are little. yadasqaiia kayku, ari. Gentlemen from the city lahta weraqodasqa wah hina are used to a different lank'aymantah yadasqa kanku. kind of work. True or idari manaeu? not?
A. But I also like to work pero, noqataqa Sahra in the country. lank'aypis gustaIemantah.
P. tree trunk kurku put in apaykuy
Fine then. Would you get baya, say. entonses kay those tree trunks? kurkds aber apaykuriwah. Drink some chicha first aq"etatatah uhyaykuriwahrah though. pero.
A. health saldd
Fine. To your health, then. baya. saldd, entonses.
, 16.5
Dialogue Review
A. wasitadu fuwaykuri-kusganki, don plot
P. ari, kay sumahIarah iuwamusahtin apureykurfymunasciani. paray kilas hamohtenqa manaiian atikonqadu, ari. ima kilaspf paramdy yaSanri?
11 P. disyembremanta qalari-kuspa, marsu kama paraykamuIampuni. abesesnintah nobyembremanta paeafia paramdy yadan.
A. ima kilastah aswan wasf Iank'aSi-kunapah?
P. abrilmanta ohtubre kamaa. A. imaraykutah day kills aswan sumdh kankuri?
P. sumahta fup"a-kamun Say kilaspi d. bayal samarisah kay aq "etaywan. qampis uhyariy d, wetagoea
A. Say ari, agradeseyki. imawantah wasf tedankiSah?
P. tehds Surasayku.
A. kaypi pero aswan aglea wasisqa iS"u teSosniyohIakanku, i?
P. art, fiawpa wasistah kanku d. kay kunaianrah tehastapis sf hhsirisqayku. bays! qatariIasqaykufiatah. A. and. mane yanapaykuriykieahman?
P. imaynata d, weracioddy. kay lasasta oq"ariykadaspaqa nanu wasaykipis nanarqdy munasunkiman.
A. imanantah Sayri?akaso manadu qankunatapis nanasunkiSahri?
P. pero noqaykoqa huS'uymanta paSa sine' lanklayman yaSasqaila kayku, ari. /ahta weragodasqa wahhina lank'aymantah yadasqa. leari manaSu?
A. pero, noqataqa dahra lank'aypis gustalawantah.
P. baya, Say. entonses kay kurkds abet apaykuriwah. aq"etatah uhyaykuriwahrah pero.
A. baya. saldd, entonses. 16.6
Grammar
1. Conditional
Illustrations
inyehsyontaeu fantiymam? sumah laseadordd clan kawaha uh Pika lawitata munariwandu2 tokopied day Tura lank'asanman. That man is probably working in Toco. sumah warmeqa wasinta q"aWanman. A good woman would rather watch her house. ida yadasunman imawandus hamplyta. dyusta fehsispdria alin kawsayman Knowing God we might enter yaykuykuman. upon a better life. sut'iyayta sayatispaqa sumah If you go up at down you earls kawandah. would be good men. ida hinamanta yadasciankuman Perhaps that way they are imadus kawsay kascianta. learning what life is. parlawah. You would talk. parlankiman. You would talk. parlawandah. You (pl.) would talk. parlanki dahman. You (pl.) would talk. qowanktman. You would give me. qosunkiman. He would give you. 16.7
Drill
Substitute the suggestedsubjects and makethe necessary changes.
1. (noqa) inyehsyontadufantiyman? onorya)
(paykuna)
(warmi)
2. ida yadasunmanimawandus hampiyta. (noqa)
(PaY)
(qan)
3. awtoriddd kayta munawahau?
(qankuna)
(don hasinto)
4. dahrayoh funaqasumahta Tank,anman. (noqayku)
Inociandah)
(paykuna)
Drill
Answer the followingquestions...... szmartmr±r...rMtritig=SVAS57aSME*7:0P70.072=3iftW.
p
16.8
1. garameawankimanfiadu?
2. noclaykuwan lahtaman fiwandu?
3. wasiykuta q"awawandu?
4. imawantah wasY tedayman?
5. imaynata day lahwd fuwayman?
6. kay kurkds apaykdyta yanapawankidahmandu?
7. tumpatawan aq"d munawandu?
8. manadu uh goriwankiman?
9. antra tardefia, cialariIasunmanfiadu?
10. closayta hampiwahnO
Grammar points The conditional is usually translated 'would' or'could'.
A complete list of the forms used is givenbelow.
Iank'a -r -man 'I would work'
lank,a-wah 'You would work' Iank'a-nki-man
Iank'a-n-man 'He would work'
lank'a-ndah-man 'We (incl.) would work'
Iank'a-vku-man 'We (excl.) would work'
Iank'a-wah-dah 'You (pl.) would work' Iank'a-nkidah-man
Iank'a-nku-man 'They would work'
Notice that (and not -ni) occurs for first person. -wah and
.101-54 ai-X1:44 "4-4,:44 16.9
-wah-dah cannotoccur after the suffixes wit ands. -nki-man and -nki-dah-manoccur instead:
asmaagman 'You would give me'
'You (pl.) would give me'
'He would give you'
aosunkidahman 'He would giveyou (pl.)'
Otherwise -wah and :01-man, -wah-dahand -nkidah-leaare in free variation (i.e.one can use either of the two).
2. Indirect command
Illustrations kaysimOneuptink"unudun. amatah warmisla kadunkudd.
Drill
Change the followingdirect commands to indirectcommands as in the example.
Example:
Inst. hamuy hwdne stud. hwdn hamudun.
1. kurkds apaykuy.
2. sarata Warty.
3. wasita tehsiy. 16.10
4. samalayEa.
5. apuray.
Grammar points The verbal suffix -eu Indicates a wish or anindirect command. It is much like a modal suffix, but it occursafter the suffixes -wa and -su whereas all the modals precedethem:
qo-wa-eu-n 'Let him give me'
qo-su-eu-n 'Let him give you'
-ea is always followed by third persons:
ka-eu-n 'May that be!' lanka-eu-nku 'Let them work', 'Have them work', 'Make them work', 'May they work', etc.
3. let-clauses Illustrations
mana paramonqaeayqa, iisun. If it doesn't rain we'll go. mana wawata quawankieayqa, If you don't watch the child urmanqa. he'll fall. sumahta fueamonqa eayqa, If it is sunny we'll go wash t'ahsa-kamusun. clothes.
golqeyeus kanman eayqa, If I had money, I would buy futirpariyman. It. (Lit. if my money ware.... ) --,...... mmammu....PWOAMWKP,PNM!=Ja6aYatM4WW!V=
16.11
Drill
Translate the English itemsin parenthesis in orderto complete the sentencesbelow.
1. (comes) tatayki dayqa, kadasqayki. 2. (will go)noqa fisah dayqa, qankunapis
3. (gets lost)wawa dayqa, magasqayki.
4. (we [incl.] will carry)mayu dayamonqa dayga, yakuta
5. (you will bring) bufuta maiia-kunkidayqa, kaditawan 6. (we [incl.] will go)golqeyoh kasun dayqa, lahtaman
7. (you sweat) sumahta dayqa, oncionlykimanta sumahyanki.
Grammar points
day-clausesare conditional clauses. They are usually translated by "if clauses"in English. The verb in a day-clause may be in the conditionalor in the future. The verb in the main clause is usuallyin the future.' AleView theillustrations.
4. Continued action in the past withan agentive and the verb siesti
Illustrations
hua'uymanta paaa yadasciaiia Sinoo we were littlewe were kah kayku mayulapikawsayman. used to livingon the river. IV , r-r
16.12
sapa domingo feh kayku,fiawpahtaqa Every Sunday we would go, orqoman, baymantatah yakuman. first to the mountair, then to the water. sapa domingulatahe'isiyaylatacia Also every Sunday we would kutimpoh kayku. return at dusk.
Drill Change the illustrations given above to refer to the third person plural.
Grammar points A verb stem plus the derivate suffix -h plus the ..rip ka-
'be' wl-Ach is inflected for person, is the construction used to indicate habitual action in the past:
Iank'ah kani 'I use to work', 'I would work', etc.
lank'ah kanki 'you use to work'
lank'ah kan 'he uses to work°
Iank'ah kandah 'we (incl.) use to work' Iank'ah kayku 'we (excl.) use to work'
lank'ah kankidah 'you (pl.) use to work' lank'ah kanku 'they use to work'
Listening -In
kay dahra haIp'aspeqa nobyembremanta marsu kila kama
sumahta paramdy yadan. day hina kilaspi manan wasita 1'uwa -kuy 16.13
atineaheu. wasita Iank'aeinapahqaabrilmanta ohtubrekamaaswan sumah kilakuna kanku, eay kilaspisumahta fup"a-kamusganrayku.
haqay don pio nisqapiskunanqa wasinta fuwaykueisqan. manan iedutsen teeomampiseuraeenqa, sumahtehaswan wasinta
q"atarineenqa. kay wasilay iiawpa wasi, id"uIamantateeoyoh. imapahAatah nipitapis q "awasah, hinakay samanay orapi
aq"etayta uhyaykurisah. kay Esti% wasay imamanta$usnanawar, eay kurkdsq'episqaymanta.
Conversations
I.
A. Are you havingyour house built, Don Pio?
B. Yes, now that thesun is shining I am having themhurry. A. Make it in a hurry, DonPio, this is already (wehave already arrived at) themonth of December. B. From December to Marchone cannot have it workedon. II.
A. Wouldn't you like help?
Bo Are you the one who wantsto help? A. Yes. Could I or not?
B. Well see now,carry those tree trunks. III.
A. City people don't likelawa.
B. Why won't they likesuch good food?
A. Because they are used toa different kind of food.
B. Well, in theirname, give me a littlemore. Cochabamba, Bolivia
UNIT SEVENTEEN
Dialogue
Conversation between the Anthropologist and don Bonifacio, an elderly man. A. Anthropologist. B. Bonifacio.
A. Don Bonifacio, are you don bonifasyu, resting? samarisankidu?
B. take coca pihday
Yes sir. I am chewing art tatdy. kay kokayta my coca. Well, I wonder pihdarissni. imaynadu how I will make out riwanqa q'aya dft. tomorrow."
clear Fit'i
light koanday
How bright the moon is kay Nina fittita mama shining! kilannah k'annaykurimuscian!
A. Yes, how big! art, ketal hatuntah!
B. star qoylur
shine Iip"iy
Those stars are bright Lay qcyturkunapis sumah also. Sny, what a lipuirisanku. kosa kay beautiful night ! dlisi, °yet 17.2
A. day p'uneay
shine ilay
Yes. It is as bright as ari. p'un6ay hina day. aIarisqan.
B. night tuta
This is a good night for sumah kay tuta purinapah. traveling&
A. Yes very. ari, sumah.
B. cigarrette sigafu
With coca and cigarrette kokawan sigafuwanqa may how far could we travel 6"ikata kunan tutapi tonight! purfy atisunmanI
A. a supernatural being earisiri believe kreenkleu Do you believe in "caristris"? earistrispi kreenkieu?
B. be afraid manna -kuy
I wonder what it's like. imayna6us. wakfn Some are afraid. maneael-kunku.
A. Do you know a carisiri? qan fehsinkieu q"arisiritaqa?
B. No. But it is said it mana. pero Iunata wafiudfy could kill people. atinman kasqa. may/amantadus Appearing, goodness knows fieurimuspa. from where. 17.3
grease wira
It could eEbt man's fat, unahpa wiranta mik"unman It is said. kasqa.
candle beta
Some say he would make wakintah ninku, day Tuna himself candles with wirawan bells that fat. ruwa-kunmansis nispa.
A. And so then, you have mand dantd qanri hayk'ah/apis never seen a carisiri? uh q"arisirita fikuwah karqa?
B. damn kondenay
soul alma
No. But some say they mana, wakin Pero ninku, would be condemned souls. kondenasqa alias kankuman nispa.
. poncho pundu
Indian indyu.
Sometimes they say it abesesqa yana punduyoh appears with a black indyu hinalatah fik"urimun poncho like an Indian. ninku.
Cap
fat old man eqeqo (symbol of abundance)
Sometimes with a big worn- abesesri hatun loq'oyuh, out hat, it is said he eqeqo hinala .kanIan nispa. would be just like an "eqeqo". ,,,,.fi,,WWu.7gWTWTTF;
17.4
full skirt worn puIera by the °cholas°
widow byuda
And some also say it is wakintah nilankutah,yana a widow with a black pulerayuh byuda nispa. skirt.
knife kudiiu
Be it as it may, he would imaynapis kadunku, hdtun have a large knife. kubiluyuhmi kankuman kasqa.
hill orqo corner Wueu
silent e' in
plain pampa
wait suyay
be expectingsomething suyaykusqay
Sometimes at the foot ofa abesesqa, orqo kiugupipis hill or on a silent place, uh pampapipis, mana when nobody expects him, suya-kusgaIahtinitah, he appears to us, they fik°urlykamuwandah ninku. say.
blow pesukuy
And blowing on us, he puts p°ukuykuspaIatah us to sleep. punurpadiwandah.
abandon sagerpay
And it is said that taking wiraIanSahta oreospatah, out our fat, he leaves gaynehlapi,mana aiiIatacia us there in a sad state. sagerpawandah, nin. 17.5
A. And are thereany carisiris around here? kaynehpiriq"arisiris tiyankumangu?
B. Well theywalk around everywhere, and tukuynehtapuriykaeanku C, more so aswantatah at the footof hills ay orqo and onsilent plains. leueusnehpi d'in pampasnehpiwan.
.' 17.6
Dialogue Review
A. don bonifasyu, samarisankieu?
B. arf, tatdy. kay ,kDkayta pihearisani. imaynaeu riwanqa q'aya d? kay hina fit'ita mama kaandah k'aneaykurimuscianl
A. arf, ketal hatuntahl
B. day qoyiurkunapis sumah Iip"irisanku. kosa kay e'isi, oyel A. arf, p'unday hina ilarisgan.
B. sumah kay tuta purinapah.
A. all, sumah.
B. koka- in sigatuwanqa may dftikata kunan tutapi purfyatisunmani A. q "arisirispt kreenkieu?
B. imaynaeus. wakfn maneadi-kunku.
A. qan fehsinkidu q"arisiritaqa?
B. mana. pero tunata walluefy atinman kasqa. mayiamantadus rik "urimuspa. Yunahpa wiranta mik "unman kasqa. wakintah ninku, eay Tuna wirawan belds ruwa-kunmansis nispa.
A. mana antqanri hayk'ahlapis uh earisirita fikuwah karqa?
B. mana, wakin pero ninku, kondenasqa almas kankumannispa. abesesqa yana puneuyoh indyu hinalatah fik"urimunninku. abesesri hatun loq'oyuh eqeqo hinala kanmannispa. wakintah nilankutah, yana puIerayuh byudanispa. imaynapis kadunku, hatun kueiluyuhmi kankumankasqa. abesesqa, orqo k'ueupipis uh d'in pampapipis,mana suya-kusqalahtineah, fik"uriykamuwaneah ninku. p"ukuykuspaIatah pufiurpaeiwandah. wiraIaneahta orq"ospatah, eaynehIapi,mana aIilatafia sagerpawaneah, nin.
A. kaynehpiri q"arisiris tiyankumaneu?
B. tukuynehta purlykadanku d, aswantatah nayorqo k'ueusnehpi elin pampasnehpiwan. 17.7
Grammar
1. hti-clauses
Illustrations
pay maduyahtenqa qan waynatia When he becomes a grown man kanki. you will be a youth. mana kaywan qosayki sumahyahtenqa layqadd kanqa. deqadu hud'uysitus wailohtinku tusdy yadanku? noqa hsah pay nehtin. I will go when he tells me to. noqa fini saps nehtin. I go each time he tells me to. nehtin I went when he told me to. dayamohtin kama lohsisun. We'll go out as soon as he gets here. wasinman dayasahtin waqayta As soon as she got home she qaiarerqa. began to cry.
Drill
Substitute as suggested making the necessary changes.
1. noqa parlasah pay munahtin. qankuna
qan
pay kuna 17.8
2. pay hamohtin samasun.
paykuna
qan
3. noqa munahtiyfipunkidah. qan
4. madahtintah Iohsipunku.
noqa
paykuna
S. sapa wahyamuwahtin.. hamuni.
pay
qan
paykuna
6. eskwelamanta Iohsimusahtiy qan puhlasarganki.
profescir
profesores noqayku
Drill
Substitute as suggested:
1. tatay dayamohtin kama, /ohsisqayku.
paykuna qan
qankuna I 17.9
2. fipohtin kana, puilukapusqayku.
(paykuna)
(qan)
(qankuna)
3. alkalde ark nehtin kama,hamomanku. noqa
paykuna qan
noqa:fku nocianah
4. pay tukohtin kama, qosan lahtamanapanqa. qankuna noondah noqa
Grammar points
-hti is a verbal suffix. It is always followedby one of. the personal suffixes which occurs withsubstantives. The verb with -hti is translated 'if°, 'when', 'assoon as'. -hti
indicates thatonce the action denoted by theverb stem is
accomplished, anotheraction takes place. The word kama 'until' often followed theverb with -hti.
Notice that the personalsuffixes that normallyoccur with substantives are theones that occur following-hti: .MitT4n32s.5-.12tramTla7v=
17.10
lank, a7hti-x; 'when I work'
lank'a-hti-yki 'when you work'
lank'a-hti-n 'when he works'
lank'a-hti-neah 'when we (incl.) work'
lank'a-hti-vku 'when we (excl.) work°
Tank' ki6ah 'when you (pl.) work'
lank'a-hti-nku 'when they work'
Review the illustrations above and notice that the subject of the verb in the main clause is always different from the subject of the verb with -hti of the dependent clause.
2. spa-clauses
Illustrations eskwelamdn Iohsimuspa hamusah. wahea kayniykumanta yaeaspa q"awawaykumaned. atispd aysaysiriwaypis d. humpisaspaed eiri yakd uhyaykorqa. and saykds tukuneah. We finish without getting tired.
P°u§kaspa pureh kani. I spun while I walked. eskwelamanta lohsimuspaeimpasah. When I leave school, I will visit him. eskwelamanta Iohsimuspaeimpani. When I leave school, I visit him. eskwelamanta lohsimuspa When I left school, I dimparciani. visited him. P701 n Mme.
17.11
munaspa manamunaspa fuwanki. You will do it whether you want to or not.
payta nerqa,kurahfia kani nispa. And he said: I am already grown up.
Drill
Translate the English items in parenthesisin order to complete the sentences below.
1. (while walking) p,ugkan.. 2. (watching)
3. .(working) tatayki kassian. 4. (after. you wash) eskwelaman hnki,
5. (after you buy) kadita usqayta apamunki.
6. (watching) sarata tataykr suyanki.
7. (saying) eayta kusidiwanki.
8. (after saying) eayta tatan fiporqa.
9. (saying) usqayta hamusah nerqa.
10. (saying) paykunaman witarqa aNea saelastaurmadinku
Grammar points,
The suffixspa indicates that an action is performed at the same time or immediately before another action:
p"u6kaspa Dureh kani 'I spun while I walked'
eskwelamanta lohsimuspa hamusah 'I'll come right after I get out of school'
Personal suffixes never occur after:411. The actor of the ,',.,,,,r^,',X,IVpPZtr..g;ry,,C,,,VC,=..W,,,,,,wR7.,-,P,,, T.; F7 ,vrz,,
-1017111111111
17.12
verb in the main clause is the actor of the dependentclause
where the verb with -spa occurs.
3. day-clauses, contrary to fact
Illustrations
mana antra eela kawahdayqa9 If you weren't so lazy you aswan sumah t'antatafuwawah. would make better bread.
mana anca q"ela kawah aayqa, If you hadn't been so lazy aswan sumah t'antata 'uwawah you would have made better karqa. bread.
mana yanapaykiman karqa, mana If I hadn't helped you, you tukuwandu karqa. wouldn't have finished.
yanapaykiman eayqa, tukuwah. If I helped you, you would finish.
mana hampiri hamunman karqaeayqa, If the shaman hadn't come wanunman karqa. he would have died.
mana hamuyman karqaaayqa, If I hadn't come, he would wafiunman karcia. have died.
Drill
Substitute as suggested.
1. eskwelaman tiwah karqa eayqa, tumpalatapis yaeawahfia karqa.
(noqa)
(pay)
(noqayku)
2. earisiri hamunman dayqa, mandari-kuyman.
(qan)
(qankuna)
(noqandah) 17.13
3. sigafusniyoh kanman dayqa, pitanman.
(paykuna)
(noqayku)
Drill
Change the following statementsas in the example and translate both sentences.
Example:
Inst. mana antra q "ela kawah aayqa, aswan sumah t'antata Iuwawah.
Stud, mana antra q "ela kawah karqa dayqaaswan sumah t'antata 1uwawah karqa.
1. riyta munawah dayqa, tukuynintin 1iykuman.
2. abril kilapi fupsamunman dayqa,wasita oq"ariykuman. 3. tehayohaus kaykuman aayqa,mana ia"uta auraykumanau.
4. mana kurkusta oq"ariwah dayqa,mana wasayki nanasunkimannu. 5. qsarisiri fieurimunman dayqa, waiiuwahaah.
6. laseayta yadayman dayqa,yanapaykiman. 7. paramunman aayqa, sumahta sara qonkunman.
Grammar points
Lay- clauses whichare contrary to fact are translated with "If clause contrary to fact"in English. Their structure in Quechua is similar to thatof la-clauses, but the form karqa.is added after the verb ofthe subordinate day-olause and after the verb of themain clause as youcan see in the illustrations above. ------f.mernerwNtevsgtmsnfttt!M'Znit,VVrgY,,, ,t*S,`,`E...17,721
17.14
4. y-ta-wan-olauses
Illustrations
Iank'aytawan kama, maea-kamorqa. After working he got drunk. fehsiytawan kama, l'ank'ah After finding out, he set Jura-kaporqa. to work.
Drill
Combine the following pairs of sentences as in the example.
Example:
Inst. yaearqa. lank'ah eura-kaporqa.
Stud. yadaytawan kama, Iank'ah 8ura-kaporqa.
1. dayamorqa. pufiu-kaporqa.
2. fanterqa. hamporqa.
3. mieorganku. tiya-komanku.
4. pihearganku. qalaremanku.
5. tedarqayku. uhyah aura-korqayku.
Grammar points -ta, accusative plus -wan, instrumental occurs after infinitives such as 1uway. Forms like fuwa-y-ta-wan cannot be followed by personal suffixes. They occur in subordinate clause. The translation is 'as soon as'. The actor of the subordinate clause is the same as that of the main clause.
The word kama usually occurs in these sentences. rom.4.1,77,711,14177,717AWF,M711,73175.1,,,,, ,FrATX.T.,77.7X7.4.. fi . .
17.15
Listening-In
haqay orqo kludu L' inpampanehpi earisiri rik"urimusqa,
nispa ninku. imaaus day kampis,wakin, yana ponaoyoh Tuna
kanman, ninku. wakin, byuda- warm' hinapurin, ninku. wakinri
ni/ankutahmi imaynapidusmunasqanpi day q"arisiririk"urimuy
atisqanta, imaraykuauskondenasqa almas kankumankasqa. aaypis imapis, kunanqa, haqay k'uaupampanehpi wihd'usqata,mana
alinlatafia tarisqanku,don kasyanuta, ni p) yadanduimatadus fuwasgankumanta. earisiri hamuspa tukuywiritanta don
kasyanumanta orq"o-kapuspa, wariunayasqahiatafiadaynehpi sagerparipun, nispa ninku.
Conversations
I.
A. Are you resting DonBonifacio?
B. Yes, I am chewing this littlebit.
A. My coca (coca of mine) isfinished. Wouldn'tyou give me some? B. Why not, here is this littlebit. II.
A. The moon is shiningvery bright (good) tonight. B. Yes, it came out real big.
A. Even the stars shine bright (oflarge size)
B. Yes, Don Eaverino, in nightslike this we restvery well. III.
A. What are you watching in the coca?
B. I want to know how I will fare tomo
A. Even now do you believe in such th
B. Yes, coca speaks very clearly. Cochabamba, Bolivia
UNIT EIGHTEEN
Dialogue,
Roberto and Angel, twoyoung mestizos from the city,are rehearsing some songs. R. Roberto. A. Angel.
R. guitar gitafa
serenade serenata
Is your guitar ready togo listufiadu gitafayki to the serenade? serenataman Iinapah?
A. Yes, ,here it is already. fia, kay listufia.
R. try probay
Let's see, let's try it abdr, probaykurind. a bit.
A. sing takiy
What are we going to sing? imastd takirimusundah?
R. Well anything. imalatapis
A. rehearse ensayay
Let's see, let's rehearse abdr, kaysitd ensayarind. this little thing. 18.2
Re "Mama Pancha, it's your day. "Mama Pancha, es to d2a.
get old byehayay
How well you have grown sumahtafia byehayanki. old! Oh my!'' 'Jamie Marfa!"
A. Nice chum! Another one, Maditu det wahsitutawan, let's see. abdr.
A. arid q'ara
heart song°
"In the arid plain of your "q'ara pampa sonqoykipi, heart,' Oh my master! 4Ay, mi duenol
SOW tarpuy
I sowed my love as .a dream". amorniyta tarporqani como Whet do you sr,ly-atoiit un sueno". ima ninkitah that? Caymanta?
A. Yes it is good also, says ari kosafatah, oyel And what about the one Lay hulikahpapi you sang at Julie's? takirisqaykitawan, abdr. We could end up with that. daywan tukuykusunman.
A. stumble misk'ay "Because I stumbled "uhta misk'a- kusqaymanta everyone was surprised. todo el mundo se admir6. Others stumble also wahkunapis misk'ankoqa, Why shouldn't I be surprised? LCOmo no me admiro yo?
sar.M.u" 18.3
They only noticeme, nocialata eawawanku,
damned q enda
I am the only lost soul. nociala eendakasqayta.
search, look for mask'ay
Let others look for uhkunapis mask'agunku, something too eenga kayta munaspaqa." if they want to be lost souls, too."
A. nice, fine, pretty lindo
That one is even better. gayrahmd kosaqa. Nud lindo, Say how nice! We will oyel dayta takirimusun. sing that. And you kosd qoriginki surely play the guitar gitafaykitapis. well!
R. expense gastu
Yes, for my own amusement. art, gastituypah.
A. sew t'ipariy
No, but you have good mama pero oye, kosatapuni fingering. tliparinki.
R. he Pay Ralph plays better. Let's tafuguaswan sumahta gain. rather look for him. haku antis paytawan mask'arqamuna. -zzmmmm
A. thing kosa
Let's go. It will be haku oye, paywanrah la with him. kosaqa. Dialogue. Review
R. listufiadu gitafaykiserenataman 1'inapah?
A. fiat kay listufia.
R. abdr, probaykurind.
A. imastd takirimusuneah?
R. imalatapis d.
A. abdr, kaysitd ensayarind.
R. "Mama Pancha,es to d1a. sumahtaila byehayanki, iJesds Marfal"
A. k'aCtu edl wahsitutawan, abdr. R. "q'ara pampa.sonqoykipi, ;Ay, mi duenol amorniyta terporqani oomo un sueno" ima ninkitah daymanta?
A. arf kosalatah, oyel day hulikahpapitakirisqaykitawan, abdr. eaywan tukuykusunman.
R. "uhta misk'a-kusqaymanta todo el mundose admir6. wahkunapiq misk'ankoqa, LCOmo nome admiro yo? nogaiata q"awawanku, noqala q"enda kasqayta. uhkunapis mask'aeunku, quenda kayta munaspaqa."
A. dayrah,d kosaqa. Nud lindo, oyal dayta takirimusun. kosd goridinki gitafaykitapis.
R. art, gastituypah.
A. mana pero, oye, kosatapuni t'iparinki.
R. fafueuaswan sumahta qodin. haku antis paytawan mask'arqamuna.
A. haku, oye. paywanrah la kosaqa. g _.,...-.1111111011.1111111MOMOS.M.Ii
18.6
Grammar
1. The modal suffix -ku
Illustrations
sumah eawa-kunki, wawdy. Take good care of yourself, my boy.
kunan p'ampa-konqa kasqa. She will be buried today©
wasitagu 14uwari-kusganki? Are you building yourself a house?
gay wakasta mafialawah don You will lend those cows kasiyanuman. to Casiano.
day wakasta mafia-kaawah You will borrow those cows don kasiyanumanta. from don Casiano.
sumah kokdihIa-kunki. You will pick good coca. (for yourself)
kaysitulata mik"u-kuyku, tatdy. We just eat this, sir.
hamu-kunalaykipahpuni So you will always want to come back. waykturi-kamuy.
kay mut'isituta mik"u-kuy. Eat this little "mote".
Lay wat"iya papata mik "u- kamuy. Go eat that "wathia".
halp'a /ank'ayta yada-kuy. Learn how to cultivate the soil.
eskwelaman fispa tumpalatapis Learn something by going yada-kamuy. to school. 18.7
Drill
Translate the English itemsin parenthesis which will complete the sentences below.
1. (you will watch). sumahta wash (you will takecare of sumahta yourself)
2. (he makes) sumah aq"ata
(he makes for himself) sumah aq"ata
3. (he killed) eay wakata kueiruwan (he killed himself) "Say funa kuhluwan
4. (they buy) 'unakuna sumahsarata asyenda wasitah. (they buy for themselves) tunakuna sumah sarata 5. (in order tosow for sumah sarata 5antinku themselves) haIp'asninkuta (in order to sow) sumah sarata antinku halp'asninkuta .2. 6. (picked up) .don agapu warmi wawampahuh mantata tyendamanta.
(picked up) don agapu uh 'mantata MIINICMIMEMNM 7. (cooks) Lay warmisapa p'unday lawalata wawasnimpah.
(cooks for himself) sapan kascianrayku eay funa sapa p'uneay payla
8. (finished) tukuy funasninwan donhasinto iskay kilapi wasita
(finished) tukuy funasnin fipusqaukurayku pay sapatanna wasinta ,,74"4!'7,41 Vr,7,717re,,,PRTP"
18.8
9. (bought) wawasnimpah eunka wakata klisamanta
(bought himself) eunka wakata klisamanta
10. (built) day sumah wasita tatasnimpah
(built for himself) Say hina sumah wasita day wayna
Drill
Translate the English items in parenthesis in order to
complete the sentences below.
1. (you will make) sumah aq"ata amistadesman qorinaneahpah.
2. (buy from me) kay polerata baratulapi gosqayki.
3. (eat) kay sara lawata
4. (do eat) kay sara lawata
5. (drink) eay hampita
6. (drink) kay aeetd
7. (tell me) imp sutiyki?
8. (tell me) imamantd rakikunki?
9. (sit) uh ratuta suyay, eaypi.
10. (sit) kaysitupi uh fatuta suyariway.
Drill
Insert the modal suffix -mu and make the necessary changes
as in the example. 36.04.577., Ax.2.MMEITIN, ,,-.76-fftrprp
189
Example:
Inst. lank'ayta yada-kuy.
Stud. Iank'ayta yada-kamuy.
1. sumahta, quawa-kunki, wawdy.
2. funakuna sumahsarata rants-kunku.
3. naeadd fransiskudaya-kunia.
LK day tarputaq"awa-kuy. 5. iskay walpasta apa-kuy.
6. karga papata orq"o7kuy.
Grammar points
The modal -ku has the variant formka before-mu and :Ea: mada-ku-ni 'I wash myself'
mayla-ka-mu-ni 'I go wash myself' tuku-ka-pu-n 'It is finished (ofitself)° -kuindicates that
(1) the actor isthe recipient of theaction. (2) that theaction is performed for the benefit ofthe actor,or (3) of hisown free will. The pairs of examples below illustratethese threeuses of -ku: (1) zumahtawas eawanki; 'You will takegood care of thehouse' samahaeawa-kunk 'You will takegood care of yourself'
'NFL ,VITCW.,7,77,7-AC,17,TINTR,737
18.10
(2) funakuna sumah sarata fantinku asyendawasipah. 'The men bought good corn for the hacienda'.
'unakuna sumah sarata fanti-kunku. 'The men bought good corn for themselves'.
(3) uh fatuta suyax, Ilzax gaypi. 'Wait for a while; sit there'.
kaysitupi uh fatuta suyariway. 'Sit right here (of your own free will573u will wait for me fora little while'.
In (1) above -ku has a ref function: the meaning of
-ku in (2) is similar. The meaniti o -ku in (3) is slightly
different: The actor performs something for himself so to speak;
tiya-kuy Lit. 'sit yourseif down'. -ku adds politeness. Another
example is mieuy 'Eati : mik"u-kuv 'Eat for yourself, eat for
your benefit'; mieu-ku. is more polite, more affectionate than
mik"uy.
Notice the following:
wawata maulan 'She washes the child'
mayla-kun 'She washes herself'
but
wawata mavla-kun 'She washes the child for herself or because she wants to'
Ifone is translating from English into Quechua and one encounters a sentence where the actor is the recipient of the
actson of the verb, one must use -ku; but one must remember
that -ku has other uses as well and that very often it is
merely used to add politeness to the expression. 18.11
2. Relative order ofmodal suffixe
Drill
The verb forms belowcontain more than one modal suffix. The modals are underlined. Repeatthe forms afteryour instructor.
Try to figure out themeaing of each verb form.
1. uhya-ykaea7=2-sqa
2. t1aqa7ra-ri-wah (t'aqa-1 sort out') 3. uhsra-au7I1-ri.y 4. kaki-m-di-n
5. fabya-ra-ei-sqa (fabya- 'anger')
6. fasura-m-ri-ei-n (fasura- 'shave') 7. inkyeta-ri-kunki
8. fespeta-ri-ei-ku-y
9. tapu-ykaea-mu-sah 10. apa-ra-mu-y
Grammar points,
Modal suffixes. All the modal suffixeshave now been r. presen ted. Review thegrammar points relating tomodals in unit 5, 11, 15 and 18. 18.12
In the drills you haveusually dealt with onemodal at a time. Remember, howevelt, that atleast as many as four can occur in the same word. The table below showstheir relative order. Some exceptions will bepointed out later.
9 10 11 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 -Na -ykada -yku -rpa -ra -ri -el -mu-pu
-rqo
-ri may precede or follow :=2:mumist:112=Ildmill 'You will be beginning toremember'; alardoriv 'Begin diggingplease'.
-ri may follow -na:akombafia-na-ri-ku-na 'Let's accompany each other!' -na may precede :Ego:mue'a-na-r o-ku-nku 'They kiss each other'
Listening-In
A. uh kosd manayaeankieaheu. q'aya dia mama paneah dian kasqa.
B. kosa kanqa, entds uhserenatd wakerqoeinaneah.
A. art, noqapis kay gitafatamafiarqa-kamuspa listuearqosani.
B. don hulydn sumahta tukuyimayna takiykunata takirtyyadan. mans paytawan serenatamanaparqosunman?gita'atapis sumah tliparin hina wahyargamuiayman. 18.13
A. ark day hulikahpapipistukuy tutantinta sumah kusiykudin
tukuyta. imaynastadd yadarisqa. paywampunf sinaaswan
sumah kanman kunanserenatapis. ids day don hulydnkunan maynehpipis aq"d uhya-kusgan.apura-kuy antis, wahyarqamulayfia.
Conversations
I.
A. Hurry up Mama Venancia,the time for rest iscoming already. B. Here we are hurrying, DonFrancisco. Will you justpass by? A. Well, I'll visityou. I am coming from Tocoover there. B. You must be tired, DonFrancisco. Would you eat this little "mote" for the timebeing? II.
A. That man has beenworking on thesame thing for a week. B. He must be a lazyman, a man that cannot finish. A. Well, but working alonehe wouldn't finisheasily. B. Yes, that is right, buteven so a week is a lot. III.
A. Hun, go meet your father.
B. Where could I look forhim in sucha night as this one? A. He isn't far bynow9 go on, quick.
B. I'll go only up to thatback street. If he is not there, I'll come back.
124 Cochabamba, Bolivia
UNIT NINETEEN
Ilalogue
People are working collectively ina water project.
Speakers: A. Old man. B. Elderly man4 C. Elderly woman. Do Young wan. E. Young woman.
A. gaiety kusiy
Men, women, everyone, let's earls, warmis, funakuna, work merrily, kusiywan Iank'ana.
B. Yes, sir. We will work arf, tatd, kusiywan /ank'asun merrily for our water. yakundahpahqa.
A. Let us take coca in order sumahtatah pihdasun to take out our water. yakuntahta orq "onapah.
B. Yes, sir. We will be in tata, arf. yakundahwanqa good condition with our sumah/apirah kawsa-kusgandah. water.
C. Without water we would die. mana yakuwanqa wafiusunmandari.
grow winay
Potatoes and corn couldn't papa sarapis mana grow. wifiankumandu. 19.2
B. Yes, ma'am. arf, mama, arf.
C. little pisi
Last year we had little qayna watapipisila water. yakuneah karqa.
harvest tipiy That is why the harvest tipiytah dayraykoqa was scanty. pisilatah karqa.
B. in vain qasi talk parlay
Chatterbox! Your crop qasi parla warmi. was plentiful. aNk"d tipiykf karqaqa.
give, produce qoy
Your land produced a lot! qampa tarpuykipis aNk"atatatah qorqa.
A. Come on, gentlemen, to hakudah, werandas, work now. Iank'amunaIana.
B. spill a little d'aiay liquour as an offering to mother earth; toast
Let us toast before. d'alaykurinarah aswan nawpahtaqa. 19.3
A. Yes, sir. Let's toast! arr, tata. d'alaykurinarah. There is chicha also. kaypi aq"apis tiyan. Do drink it! uhyaykuri-kuyeah.
B. Alright, sir. dayqa, tata, dayqa.
get dizzy, get drunk maday
Your chicha is-good, it Iuma kay eq"ayki, makes you dizzy. madadi-koh kadqa.
A. With such goodchicha kay Nina sumah aq"awanqa we will work merrily. kusiypi lank'astar.
B. May God repay you, dyus pagarasdun, sumah mama. good lady.
A. Well, let's go. dayqa, hakutaiia.
B. Yes, sir, let's go. art, tata,
coverup, tapay
water gate toma
Cover the outlet well. sumah tapaydah day tomata.
D. escape, run ayqey
The water doesn't leak. manafian yaku apiendu. 1.9.4
ditch larq'a
It is running properly smgth puri-kusan larq'anta. in the ditch.
B. Let's take the water that haku hap'imusun yakd comes out. lohsimuhta.
A. Drink chicha, gentlemen. wee tat uhya-kuyeah9 weraqoeas.
D. Let's go back behind the haku yakuhpa q "epanta water. kutina.
B. Hurry let's go back. usqayta, usqayta. haku kutirina.
E. blessing bendisy6n
Water is a blessing from dyuspa bendisyonnin sumah God. yakUngahqa;
D. We will dance a lot when pwebloman bayaspa aftdata we get to town. tususun.
E. stagger eankaykaeay
Since you are drunk, madasqamantaa, you will stagger. eankaykaeaIanki.
D. That's what you say. And qanqa ninkimari. to show you, I'll dance 1'ikunaykipahtah, qanlawan with you only. tususah. 19.5
E. young man wayna
Are you my sweetheartto noqaTawan tusunaykipahri dance with me only? waynaygu kasganki?
D. We will begin that way. day hinalamanta ida claIarisun.
A. Our water is plentiful . akk"anwit yakungah, tata. now, man.
B. produce poctoy We will make the land aged pocioaisun Iunan produce a lot. watapi.
A. I thank thee God. agradese-kuyki, dyds tata.
Ce cause to bring, apagimuy send over
Send us thy blessing. bendisyonniykita apaaimuwayku. 19.6
Dialogue Review
A. earls, warmis* funakuna,kusiywan lank'ana.
B. arY, tata, kusiywan Iank'asunyakuneahpahqa.
A. sumahtatah piheasun yakundahtaorq "onapah. B. arf, tata, arY. yakuneahwanqa sumahIapirahkawsa-kusganeah. C. mana yakuwanqa wairlusunmaneari. papa sarapis mana wifiankumaneu. B. arf,mama, arf.
C. qayna watapi pisila yakuneahkarqa. tipiyi;ah dayraykoqa pisilatah karqa.
B. qasi parla warmi. aged tipiykfkasqaqa. qampa tarpuykipis agealatatahgorqa.
A. hakueah, weraqodas, Tank'amunaIafia.
B. e'alaykurinarahaswan flawpahtaqa.
A. arf, tata. e'aiaykurinarah. kaypi aq "apis tiyan. uhyaykuri-kuyeah.
B. dayqa, tata, eayqa. kosa kay aquayki, maeaei-kohkasqa. A. kay hina sumah aeawanqakusiypi ianleasun.
B. dyus pagaraseun, sumahmama.
A. eayqa, hakulafia.
B. arf, tata, haku.
A. sumdh tapayeah eaytomata.
D. manailan yaku anendu. sumah puri-kusanlarq'anta. B. haku hap'imusun yakd lohsimuhta.
A. aq "et( uhya-kuyeah, weraqodas.
D. haku yakuhpaq "epanta kutina. 1967
B. usqayta, usqayta. haku kutirina.
E. dyuspa bendisyonnin sumah yakundahqa.
D. pwebloman dayaspa ankdata tususun.
E. madasqamantaqa, dankaykadaIanki.
D. qanqa ninkiniari. rikunaykipahtah, oniawan tususah.
E. nocialawan tusunaykipahri waynadu kasonki?
D, day hinalamanta ida qatarisun.
A. anemia yakundah, tats.
B. aUk"d poqodisun kunan watapi.
A. agradese-kuyki, dyus tata.
C. bendisyonniykita apadimuwayku. 19.8
Grammar Review
1. Response drill based on dialog 19
1. yakuta munaspaqa may d"ikatadus mana maskuawandandu.
2. warlusunmaned mana yakuwanqa, arf.
3. agk"aIatadd qayna watapi tarpuyki gosorga.
Li. saran' sumahIadu karqa?
5. kay aq"etd uhyayku-kuy, don
6. day yaku tomata Yuwankidahfiadu?
7. manaiid yaku aygesgan.
8. sumahtadd ent6s larq'anta puri-kusqan.
9. wasiykinehman dayaspaqa tusurinkidd.
10. manadu nolkAawampis tusurinki?
2. Review drill: personal suffixes with verbs. Answer affirmatively as in the example.
Example:
Inst. t'antata munankidu?
Stud. art, t'antata munani.
1. tukuymantadu wilanki?
2. profesorta yanapanki!u?
3. lawawandu sahsanki? ,,,",- nmr,nr707., .
19.9
4. alkaldehpa wasinmantadu tapuscianki?
5., fesa-kunaykipandu cionclori-kuscianki?
6. day warmisitawandu tususcian?
7. bolsitatadu aysascian?
8. lawitatadu clarankidah?
9. fyestamandu apurasgankidah? 10. id"uwandu eatankidah?
11. Iahtatadu fisclandah?
12. tarpuytadu yada-kusqan?
13. sorastadu apasclanku?
14. hatudah papastadu dihlascianku?
15. wawitastadu q'episcianku?
Grammar points ti Summary of parts of speech. The parts of speech are
substantives, verbs, and particles. Substantive stems occur with
-ta, accusative: wasi-ta; verb stems occur with:E, imperative: lankIlla; particles onlyoccur with independent suffixes: mana-rah.
Many particles have been borrowed from Spanish andsome have
important grammatical functions. Among them are i 'and', which
functions as a coordinator; porke 'because',which functions as a subordinator; Spanish prepositions which sometimes take the
place of relational suffixes: en anda apanku 'They carry him on a platform'.
tA.,4,eASYSES-4, 19.10
Coordinative constructions
(1) Additive. The independent suffix -tah and the relational suffix -wan occur in these constructions:
1211122E21 uhyargatah 'He ate and drank'
kokawan Riskuwan 'Coca and pisco'
-pis, 'also' is used likewise:
oqasta, saratapis 'potatoes, ocas, and corn'
Example of i 'and' in a similar construction:
warmi i wawasniy 'My wife and my children'
Example of ni in a negative additive construction:
gobyernopah ni pweblopah 'Neither for the government or for the people'
(2) Alternative constructions. The suffix -eu occurs in c.uestions.
The suffixes -eus or -pis occur in statements. There are two main types of constructions: (a) The constituents are substantives or substantive phrases:
warmisitaeu q"artsitaeul 'A little girl or a little boy?'
ageaeus Risieus 'much or little' yurahpis, $inuspis, yanapis 'White, Chinese, or Black'
(b) The constituents are a verb and a negative particle:
munasahpis amapis 'Whether I want to or not°
atiymaneu manaeu? 'Could I or not?' Or;
19.11
Drill
Translate the following alternativeconstructions. 1. qolqemantaeus latamantadus.
2. tawatadus pftiggalatadus.
3. paydus pieUs.
4. risahpis amapis.
5. hamunfiaeus manaraheus.
Summary of secondary clauses.
Secondary clauses are not main clauses. They may be
subordinate, they may functionas direct objects, or they may be direct quotes.
Subordinate clauses are two types: 7
(1) Those which contain specialforms as centers and (2) those which do not.
Type one contains verbs with thesuffixes -hti or:spaor verbals with the suffixesLa, -h, -na, or :101.
The actor of a subordinateclause is either thesame as the
actor of the main clauseor a different one. Clauses in which
the actor is the sameare spa, h, and ytawan-clauses. They do not contain a subject and the verbor verbal cannot add personal suffixes.
Clauses in which the actor is differenthave a subject which may or may not be a separate word. These are: arsro..czloyonwtemv=ISSZPit."=1, .rtt^
19.12
hti-clause
na-clauses which you should review and sqa-clauses which will now be described. sqamanta-clauses refer to an action which take place before the action of the verb in the main clause.
mieuscaymantafia 4vamun, Pedro 'As soon as I ate, Peter arrived' sqarayku-clauses are translated 'because':
mikuusgankuravku... 'because they ate Clauses of type (2) are gay-clauses and other subordinate clauses where a loan word functions as a subordinator.
Secondary clauses which are direct objects are nata, sqata and yta-clauses:
mik "unanta munani 'I want him to eat'
mik "uyta munani 'I want to eat'
zagara mieusaanta 'I know he ate'
The suffix -gu is omitted in negative subordinate clauses.
Direct Quotes. These are often marked by nispa lit. 'saying':
n2aa icuwasah nispa ulaa ,81,11 do it ", he said'. Lit. 'I'll do it, saying, he said'.
Drill
Translate the following sentences.
1. imaraykd manari nisqa pedroqa. 19.13
2. imatd munanki nispa nisqa.
3. yanapaway &ah nispa nisqa.
4. Pedro hwanman nisqa qan q"epanki nispa.
5. Lay wawa to wagaNasqa nin.
ReadinK selection
"fehsinkidandu asea wasita"
NEW WORDS
antuku 'Anthony' Bantu 'saint'
isidru 'Isidore' dyaea-kuy 'celebrate'
pufiu 'large earthen jar' wisiy 'pour out'
wirk"i 'a type of jar' basu 'drinking glass'
"uwa 'liquid' t'uru 'earthenware, clay'
fantiy 'buy' hia'ay 'pour out'
manday 'very' lata 'tin'
sentabu 'cent' miraykuy 'multiply, reproduce'
tutuma 'gourd vessel' quo& 'lake'
gringu 'foreigner, gringo' pampa 'plain'
k'ulu 'wooden' q"odapampa 'Cochabamba'
tiyana 'seat' hunt'ay 'collect'
kristdl 'glass, crystal' impwesto 'tax' ha1a. 'pitcher' pabimentasidn 'paving, pavement' 19.14
fehsinkidandu acea wasita? Do you know A chichatavern? hayk'ahIapisl atea wasiman Have you ever gone into a yaykurqankieandu? chicha tavern? kay hina2karupi kawsaspaqamanaed Living so far away, not even iskayIapis qankunamantaqa aea two of you will know a wasita fehsinkieaheu. chicha tavern. mayPika3 unaymanta paeafiadus4 I wonder how long we Indians noqayku ipdyukunaqa kayaq"a have known chicha! sutiyohtafehstykupis. ima kusi-kuyniykupisdayamohtin6, Whenever a happy occasion tata antukuhpa, san isidruhpa, arrives, St. Anthony's ima santuhpap'undaynilampis St. Isidore's or whenever dayamohtin, manan dayri paapis any saint's day arrives, dyaea-kuyta munanqa, fipoh or if not, if someonewants p'uneaykunamanta paa7, may to celebrate his day, Pita hatundah p'ufiukunapi,day beginning several days wirk"is nisqakunapitah9 sumah before, they prepare liquid saramanta d'uwa d'uwaaq"ata chicha from good corn in wakiridenqanku. large containers and in those called "wireis". eayqa fiawpah karqa. That's the way it used to be kunanqa aq"awasisIapiala day Now they do it that way only hinamanta fuwanku. in the chicha places. Lay wasispitah pirapis day aq"a Anyone can buy chicha that nisqata fanti-kdyatindah. way in a chicha place. maneay sumah pistgolgeIapah8 That chicha is very inexpensive. eay aq"aqa. iskay sentabusIaykieahwan With two of your cents you hatun tutumatauhyarqokdy could drink a large gourd. atiwandah. gringusta fikuspaqa, sumah Seeing that you are a k'ulu tiyanapied foreigner, they will tiyaridisunkieahman. probably make you sit on a good wooden seat.
kristd1 hafapi wisimuspa, Taking out a crystal jar, they kristdl basuIapitahed will probably make you drink uhyaei-kusunkieahman. out of a glass. 19.15
imaraykudus indyu funakunaqa Because we Indianmen drink tutumaslapi, t'uruyuritusmanta chicha only ingourds, hid'argo-kuspa,manan dayri lata pouring it out with hafasmanta, day aq"atauhya-kuyku. earthenware pitchersor else with tin jars.
manday agk"a aq"awasis Since chicha taverns have miraykusqankurayku, tukuy multiplied, and because q"odapampa Iahtaman dayNina these places havefilled wasisla the whole cityof hunt9aykusgankuraykutahri, Cochabamba, government gobyerno funakuna impwestos officials have levied nisqakunata duraykudinku. taxes. Lay aea impwestolawan With that chicha taxalone, eodapampa lahtaypi they have beenable to pabimentasydn nisqat§ pave my city of Cochabamba. fuwadi-kdy aterganku.
NOTES
1 blzk'ah or maxgah 'never', in thiscase 'ever°. 2hina 'way; kav Ya na 'this way' karuvi 'far', locative; indna havai 'Lo far away' ! 3may d"ika °So much!'
44 6 substantiveb t ti usedwitrexpression off titime uti:y:: a "a sutivoh 's chicha'. It is not necessary totranslate sutiyohta.
611t. °what a happy occasionfor us when it arrives'. 7/poh 'one whogoes away'; RILIgNammumNILI 'from the days'; ipoh p'undtlykunamanta pelt 'from the days thathave gone by'. 8mandav 'very', sumah 'good,very', ti, ll 'little',mandaz sumah Rai 'very very little°, mandazsumah 29122Iapah 'only little money'. for very
911t. 'They have been able tomake the so-calledpaving in my Cochabamba city'. 19.16
"Yehsinkieandu aq"a wasita"
hayk'ahlapis aq"a wasiman yaykurgankleaheu. kah hina karupi kawsaspaqa manadi iskay!apis qankunamantaqa aq "a wasita fehsinkidaheu. may Vika unaymanta padafiadus noqayku indykunaqa kay aq"a sutiyohta fehsiykupis. ima kusi-kuyniykupis eayamohtin, tata antuhpa9 san isidrohpa, ima santuhpa p'uneayniffampis eayamohtin, manan eayri pilapis dyada-kuyta munanqa eayqa, fipoh p'uneaykunamanta Naga may LI"ika hatudah p'ufiukunapi, eay wirk"is nisqakunapitah sumah saramanta, Puwa Vuwa aqflata wakiridencianku. dayqa ilawpahta karqa, kunanqa acela wasisIapifia eay hinamanta fuwanku, day hina wasispitah pilapis day aq "a nisqata (anti -kdy atineah. Manday sumah pisi clolviapah eay aq"aqa, iskay sentabuIaykidahwan hatun tutumata uhyarqo-kuy atiwandah. gringusta fikuspaqa, sumah k'ulu tiyanapidd tiyaridisunki8ahman, kristsil haIapi wisimuspa, kristd1 basuIapitahed uhyaei-kusunkieahman, imaraykudus indyu funakunaqa tutumasIapi9 t'uru yuritusmanta hie'arqo-kuspa, manan eayri lata hafasmanta, eay aq"ata uhya-kuyku. maneay agk"a aq "a wasis miraykusgankurayku9 tukuy qilodapampa lahtaman day hina wasisIa hunt'aykusgankuraykutahri, gobyerno 1unakuna impwestos nisqakunata euraykunnku, Lay acea impwestolawan qflodapampa lahtaypi pabimentasyon nisqata fuwaykaely aterganku. 7,0
19.17
Response drill based on Reading Selection
"fehsinkidandu sq"a wasita"
1. hayk'ahlapis aq"a wasiman yaykorgankidu?
2. qankunari fehsinkicandu?
3. pay aq"a wasita fehsinmaneu?
4. mayk'ahmanta padallatah aq"ata fuwdy yadanku paykuna?
5. imamantatah aq"ata 1uwanku?
6. yaeankieu imapieus aq" wakidinku?
7. maypitah kundn eay aq"ata fuwankuastawan?
8. pitah aq"d Iant1y atin?
9. maneawantah tutuma aq"ata randy atineah? 10. agk"adu eogapampapi sea wasis miraykunku?
11. gayta fikuspa gobyerno funakuna imatatah fuwanku?
Listening-In
haqay dahrapi, warmis, earis,wawas, tukuy funakuna tanta-kusganku. day kart, karu tomamanta .yakutahap'imonclanku kasqa. hap'imuspatah hatun halp'aman larq'asta fuwaspa dayadimonqanku. tukuy dayta fuwanankupah q"ari funakunapis kaypi haqaypi pihdarisciankulian. gayamantarah tukuysonclowan, lank'ayninkuman purencianku. flan qarpayta tukuspatahri,tukuy day funakunalatah dahra Iahta aq"awasispi, takispa, tususpa, 19.18
sumahta maeaspa, kusirenqanku. sumah funakunala kanku, eayraykutahed dyus tataneahpis manan yakunta kay funakunapah pisipadingu.
Conversations
I.
A. Listen, Julica, I am finishing this work.
B. There is still a lot, and who will do it for you?
A. In the days to come I will be doing that which is left, little by little.
B. Quick, just work, it seems that you want to turn lazy.
II.
A. Listen, sir, I am not from this town. Could I please ask you something?
B. What is it you wish?If I can I will inform you.
A. Which is the quickest way to Sacaba?
B. Don't go on the road. Climb the hill.
III.
A. I want to take my child to school.
B. I don't think I will take my child.
A. Why? Do you want him to continue being stupid?
B. Knowing something they want to leave the country. Cochabamba, Bolivia
UNIT TWENTY
Dialogue,
Paula's father is sowinghis field. Paula, Hipolo and
Satuco are helpinghim. F. Father. P. Paula. H. Hipolo. S. Satuco.
take coca akuliy
Sir, let us, takecoca in akuliykurina order to beginour sowing. tarpundahta qatarinapah.
H. team of animals yenta
to urge on (animal), q "atiy follow
Shall I goad the yokeof yuutdq"atiykamulasahila6u? oxen?
F. tie watay
Yes, and let's tie it ari. wataykunatah alinta. well.
P. seed muhu scatter, drop tlakay
And will I scatter the noqadu muhdt'akasah, tatdy? seed sir? re rrreer-ror
20.2
F. Yes, you will scatter it. arf, qan t'akanki.
H. Giddap, built uga, toro.
F. May our sowing be with God. dyuswan tarpuyningah kadun.
S. May it be with God. dyuswan kaeun.
H. Giddap, bull,giddapt uga, toro, tisa, tisal
P. "caima'(soft drink) q'ayma
Will youdrink caima, sir? eaymd uhyankieu, tata?
S. hand over hayway
Please give me some in a haywaykurimuway hatun large gourd. tutumapi.
P. ur caima is good. kosa kay q'aymandah.
F. Yes, it was good. Give arr, sumah kasqa. some to Hipolo too. ipulitumampis goriy.
P. Hipolo, come, I'll give ipulu, hamuy, q'ayma you caima. gorisqayki.
H. Alright, give me some, gay, qoriway ari. k'aea my pretty girl. warmisitdy. 2f-mqsraY,,,4airmnrms.,,
20.3
P. Calling girls pretty you tukuylatadd .Maditaniraspa, will get them all dizzy. umdn musp"adinki.
H. No. You are the prettiest. =ma. qampunitah aswan k'ada kanki.
F. trouble, disturb inkyetay I think you are getting &est sina qankunaqa, restless. Let's work inkyetari-k0 munasqankidahfiae quick! usqayta lanklanal
H. dig halmay rough man wampu
Dig, dig, slave! halmay, halmay, wampul
P. It is very hot, sir. andd fup"amusan,
S. harden duruyay
Yes, and the earth became arl, halp'atah duruyah hard. kasqa.
fw P. Won't you drinkmore caima? manafialu qtaymata aswanta uhyankidah?
S. Yes, lady. Pass some to ari, mama. haywarimuwayku, us, please. 20.4
P. again watahmanta
Boiled again, well prepared. watahmdn t'impusqa, sumah wakidisqa.
H. Yes, lady. Coming from ari, mama. makisniykimanta you everything is good. tukuy ima sumah.
Don't talk so much. You ama and/it parlay u. are slowing down your Iank'ayniykita sayadiscianki. work.
H. tire sayk'uy Talking this way we finish hina parlaykadari-kuspapuni without getting tired. manasayk'ds tukundah.
F. Let's rest, gentlemen. samana,weraciaas.
S. Let's rest. samarina.
F. Let's take coca. akuliykurina.
H. Would you give us some asitutawan q'aymaykimanta more of your caima, lady? coriwaykuman, mama.
P. Careful you'll get drunk! pahtdn madaykuwandahtahl The caima is not just manan hinaradu kay like that. q'aymaqa. 20.5
H. Yes, ma'am, I think my art,mama. muyuytarld sina head is beginning to kay umay munascian. turn.
P. When you are drunk, whc madaykohtiykitah, pitah is going to carry you? apasunki?
H. Wouldn't you carry me? mane apariwankiman qanri?
P. " chola" Lola
Well, look for your chola. dolaykita mask'a-kamuy,ari.
F. strengthen kalpanaay
We are almost finished. kay, tukusandadia. With a little more effort, tumpatawan kalpaneari-kuspa, we could finish and go. nan fipdy atisun.
H. Yes, sir. Yipeel arf, tata. wiyhal
F. Ah boy, you are drunknow. ha, lociala, Aren't you? maeaykunkifia i?
H. Giddap, giddap, built tisa, tisa, torol Get going, little bull! puri-kuy, toritol ti
20.6
Dialogue Review
F. tata, akullykurinatarpundahta qadarinapah.
H. yunt4q"atlykamuIasahliadu?
F. arf. wataykunatahalinta.
P. noqadu muhd t'akasah,tatdy?
F. arf, qan t'akanki.
H. uga, toro.
F. dyuswantarpuynindah kadun.
S. dyuswan kadun.
H. uga, toro, tisa, tisat
P. q'aymd uhyankidu, tata?
S. haywaykurimuway hatuntutumapi.
P. kosa kayq'aymandah.
F. arf, sumah kasqa. ipulitumanpis qoriy.
P. ipulu, hamuy, q'aymaqorisqayki.
H. day, qoriway ari. k'ada warmisitdy.
P. tukuyIatadd k'adita niraspaumdn musp"adinki.
H. mana. qampunitah aswank'ada kanki.
F. fiaq"d sina qankunaqainkyetari-kdy munasciankidahfia. usqaytalank'anat
H. haImayhalmay, wamput
P. an fup"amusan, tata.
S. arf, halp'atah duruyahkasqa.
P. manafiadu q'aymata aswantauhyankidah? 20.7
S. art,mama. haywarimuwayku.
P. watahmdn t'impusqa,sumah wakidisqa.
H. arY,mama. makisniykimanta tukuy imasumah. P. ama tined parlayeu. lank'ayniykitasayadiscianki. H. hina parlaykadari-kuspapunimana sayk'ds tukundah. F. samana, weragodas.
S. samarina. F. akuhykurina.
H. asitutawan q'aymaykimantaqoriwaykuman,mama. P. pahtdn maeaykuwaheahtahl manan hinaladu kay q'aymaqa. H. art,mama. muyuytafid sinakay umaymunason. P. madaykohtiykitah,pitah apasunki?
H. mend apariwankimanqanri?
P. dolaykita mask'a-kamuy,ari.
F. kay, tukusandahfia. tumpantawan kaIpadari-kuspa, atisun. Flan fipdy
H. art, tata, wiyhal
F. ha, logaIa, madaykunkiiia,i?
H. tisa, tisa, torol purl -kuy, toritol 20.8
Grammar Review
Response drill based on dialogue 20.
1. pitah wasiyohpa yuntin eatin?
2. ipulitueu muhuta t'akanqa?
3. imilaeu yuntata eatenqa?
4. imapitah q'aymata uhyanku?
5. sumahladu paykunahpa q'aymanku?
6. tukuy eolitastadu k'aeita nirar. ipulitoqa?
7. imaraykutah Iank'ayninta ipulitu sayadiscian?
8. q'aymata qankuna uhyargankleaheu?
Review drill: personal suffixes with substantives; the suffixes -ni, -kuna and
Substitute as suggested:
1. kay paya bufavDa eakin manaeus sina sumaheu kascian.
a. (your donkey)
b. (her donkey)
c. (our [incl.] donkey)
2. wakln bufusniv paya bufata q"ateh klanku.
a. (your donkeys)
b. (our [excl.] donkeys)
c. (their donkeys) 204
Review drill: substantive plural suffix
1. sapay purini bufums.
2. halp'itaypi papasta poqoei-kuni.
3. sulk'itaypi papasta poqoei-kuni.
4. lata kalangata mulanman wareonqakasqa.
5. bufunwan pureh eayamunfia.
Review drill: some relational suffixes Answer the following questions:
1. imawdn yapascianki?
2. piwdn kasarascianki?
3. maymantd eayamusonki?
4. piwdn puhIascianki?
5. maymantd hamusonki?
6. maymdn lohsiscianki?
7. imamdn hatarisqanki?
8. imapdh concori-kusqanki?
9. pipdh waqayeanki?
pimantd yuyarinki?
Grammar points
Summary of substantive inflection. 20.10
The following chart gives a summary of the suffixes that occur with substantive stems.
Plural Personal Relational Independent suffix suffixes suffixes suffixes
-kuna -ni -Ta a :Ma -vki -man
-ni -manta
-neah maa -vkidah -ta
-nku -rayku
-wan
Remember, however, that -ia follows -rayku; that notall relationals are mutually exclusive; that independentsuffixes are likewise not all mutually exclusive.
In addition to these suffixes there is a suffix -ti meaning
'including'. It always occurs preceded and followed bya personal suffix: warmi-ni-n-ti-n 'including the woman' The combination -ni plus -h (a variant form of the genitive) indicates indefinite location: eayneha 'around there'.
ReadineEagation "mama kandela, sapan warmimanta" 20.11
NEW WORDS
kandela 'Candela' lorenso 'Lawrence' paya 'old' ally 'slow' gaki 'foot' wist'uy 'limp' mariay 'lend' t"amaykaday 'stumble along' kalanga 'small tin bell' ku.ti 'purple' wark"uy 'hang' wakiy 'prepare' lak"a 'dark' lisa tuber' tuta 'night' oqa 'oca, a tuber' uyway 'bring up' sulk'a 'youngest' mule 'mule' kamisa 'shirt' limbu 'dark' sapatu 'shoe'
mama kandela., sapan warmimanta. About the widow, Mama Candela, kay paya buIaypa gakin managus It seems, that my old donkey's sina sumahgu. kasqan. foot is not well. gay tata lorensoman 1 Since the time I lent it to manaykusqaymanta gaga manailan Lawrence it oanloot walk purl -kdy atindu. anymore.
wist'ulataila Slowly, limping, it stumbles tvamaykada-kun. along. pimanriadus kunanqa lata Which one will I hang the kalangatapis wark"usah, lak"a tin bell on now, so he can tutapi wah bufusniy kahkunawan4 be; followed by my other eatigi-kunampah. donkeys on dark nights? managu yagargankigah? Didn't you know? noqaqa sapan warmi keni. I am a woman who lives alone. 20.12
qosaypis3 warlupunfia heayrayku My husband has died, so, day p'uneayWuneaytal'im'sapaIay after day, alone with my kay bufusniywan imalatapis, 4 donkeys, with a little of halp'itaypi poqoei-kusqaywan,u what I produce in my small may e"ika karu kama puri-kuni, piece of land, I walk up poqoykunata golveahr, hina to far away places in order golgewan wawasniyta uywanaypah. to make money from the produce so as to bring up my children with that money. kunanqa, paya bufuyfiatah Now my old donkey has become wist'uyarparisqa, manatah lame and I don't know yadascianieu maygenmaneus which one to hang the tin lata kalangd wark"uyta. bell on. hina haqay mulayman ea to I will probably put it on eurasah, aman Makin bus my muleg'so that the rest lalea limbu tutapi of the donkeys won't get einkanankupah. lost on a dark night. fumi mayuman dayaykuspa kuma When I get to Rumi Mayo I santusah aq"a was impi will rest at Comadre samarisah. Santusa's chicha place. kunan p'uneaykunapah fiaceadd Her purple chicha must be kuli aq"ampis wakisqana kanqa. ready nowdays. day hina aq "amanta uhyarispa I will rest a bit that way samarisah. drinking chicha. eaymantatah Iahta kama eayasah. Then I will arrive up to the city. eaypi kay lisasta, ogastawan There I will turn these lisas golvdasah. and ocas into money. ida suIk'a wawaypah kamisitasta, Maybe I will buy little shirts sapatustawan fanterqapusah. and shoes for my youngest child. eskwelamanpis finanfia tiyan, He already has to go to school. eaypah sumahta wakerqoeipusah. I will get him ready for that. 20.13
NOTES
1 This is an instance of a sqamanta-clause. 2 wah pufusniz kahkunawan lit. 'other my donkeys with some who are' i.e. with others who aremy donkeys.
31:Ris hasa sort of emphatic function here. kp'undaz 'day';-ta often occurs in expressions of time;-ne validational independent suffix, variant of -min.
5imalatapis: -Ia... _pis indefiniteness; -ta,accusative; 170atapts, is the direct objectof maokumaxma.
6pocto-is intransitive.
7-da verbalizer;ooloe 'money'; cioloeda- 'turn into money'; o o. kunata is the direct object of ooloedah; p000vkunata aolatjla is a subordinate clause: 'asone who turns the produce into money'.
"mama kandela, sapan warmimant&'
kay paya bufaypa Lakin manadus sina sumandukascian.
Lay tata lorensoman mailaykusqaymanta pada manafianpuri-kuy atindu. aliyIataria, wist'ulatafia tuamaykada-kun pimanfiaduskunanqa lata kalangatapis wark"usah, lak "a tutapi wah buIusniykahkunawan eatidi-kunanpah. manadu yadargankidah,noqaqa Japan warmi kani, qosaypis wafiupunfia, dayrayku p'unday plundaytan sapalakay bufusniywan, imalatapis halp'itaypi poqodi-kusqaywan,may ellika karu kama puri-kuni, poqoykunata qolqedah, hinagolgewan wawasniyta uywanaypah. kunanqa, paya bufuyfiatah wist'uyarparisqa,manatah 20.14
yadascianidu maygenmandus lata kalangd wareuyta,hina haqay mulayman dayta durasah, aman wakin bufus lak"a limbu tutapi
dinkanankupah. rums mayuman dayaykuspa kuma santusah aquawasimpi samarisah, kunan p'undaykunapah ilaquadd kuli aq"ampis wakisqafia
kanqa, day hina aq "amanta uhyarispa samarisah, daymantatah !ahta kama dayasah, daypi kay lisasta, ogastawan qolqedasah. ida suik'a wawaypah kamisitata, sapatustawan fanterqapusah,eskwelamanpis finanfia tiyan, daypah sumahta wakerqodipusah.
Response drill based on Reading Selection
"mama kandela, sapan warmimanta"
1. pimantah bufata mallarqani?
2. eskwelamandu waway fenqa?
3. maymantah Eawpahta dayasah?
4. imamantatah kalanga fuwasqa?
5. mayqenmantah kalagata wark "usah?
6. imayna aeatatah kuma santusahpi uhyasahT
7. mayk'ahmanta padailatah paya bufay wist'uyan?
8. imamantah day warms dahra lahtaman fin?
9. imamantah bufanwan purin?
10. imatatah eaymanta apamonqa? 20.15
Listening-In
tisa, tisa, toro. wiha toro. nispa imastadd parlaspa
ipulitu fisqan. madasqaiid sina kay logalaga. imilawampis
inkyetari-kuyta munasarqafia. day d"ika q'aymatatahuhyaykun, ari. kunan dya dyantinta, kay ipulitusutiyoh tatanwan tanta tarpu
patalapi kaykamun,dyantinta tarpuykunku. no sd imatadus etuankupis, ilaq"d sinasarata t'akanku. day kanqa, kunan kaapeqa manan papataqa durankumandu karqa. day tarpumusqampi,ari,
ipulitu iocialaqa manday agk"asmanta sinaiq'aymata uhyaykadaykusqa. madasqamantatah imilata molestdymunasqa. kunanqa, atin mana atin, haciay yanninta dankaykaea-kuspaipulitu wakasta apascian.
Conversations
I.
A. Where are you going, Hipolito? It seems you are drunk. B. How would your father get drunk?
A. But there yougo stumbling already.
B. Anyway, if you want to, we wouldgo drink one more shell. II.
A. You just want to getme dizzy saying that.
B. No, no, Jacintita, Iam telling you the truth.
A. Who doesn't know you, the lyingkid?
B. Whoever says that aboutme is a man without a heart. 20;16
III.
A. I saw a carisiri over there behind thehill.
B. You're saying that just playing, wherecould that be?
A. Really, behind that hill justa small one, with a big hat.
B. You should have gottennear it, then, so it would speak toyou. Cochabamba, Bolivla
UNIT TWENTY ONE
Dialogue
The potato harvest, Don Gerardo and doEa Mica come to help Simuco and his wife, Teodora. A. DoEa Mica. B. Teodo- ra. C. Simuco. D. Gerardo. E. Telmo.
A. lady, ma'am siEura
Good morning, ma'am. bwenos dias, siEurgy
B. Good morning. Did you eat bwenos dias. mik"uspaEa6u before you came? hamurcianki6ah?
A. Yes, we've eaten. arf, mile'orqaykuEa.
B. everything q'aia
bag kostgl or kostala
DoEa Mica. Didyou bring doEa mika, cealitun all the sacs? A5stalastaCu apamusganki?
A. Yes. Here. ark'. gayqa.
C. Well, let°s go then, say, haku entonsis, gentlemen. weragoCas.
D. Your potatoes are indeed ananaw, kay Nina k'a6ita
beautiful: . papitayki kasqaqat .40.4.4.mmingecommirsteenv_art=Mr=5===.1`,M751;17,71,1'.--nr9={1,117:4-A,,,,..:,..
21.2 9'i
C. Yes. .t seems to have ari. sumahlataCus sina produced very well kunan watapi qoykuwan this year-.
Shall we begin, Simuco? cialariykulasunfiaCu, tata simuku?
C. Yes, and let it be with bweno, tukuykaipawan kaCun. all our might.
D. Gee: Your potatoes are ae"aldw! sumah kusapuni really good: Look kay papaykit q "awariy here, they are so big. ma, kay cuika6ahqat
C. 1/4'ith God's blessing it dyuspa bendisyonninwan produced just.fine. sumahlata gori-kusqa.
A. carry astay
In what do we. carry the imapitah papas astasun? potatoes?
B but Vuhra,
bag with a strap wayaqa
There is a bag in the hut. Vuhlapi wayaqa kasqan. Bring that, ma'am. 6ayta aparciamuy, mamdy.
C. kind of potato dish wat "iya hole t'oqo
dig aray
Say, don Gerardo. We'll yu, don herardu. papa wat'iya make ourselves a potato riuwa-kusun. tloqo arargory. bake. Dig a well. 21.3
D. Will we make ourselvesa wat"iyata6u Puwa-kusun? potato bake? How great! ke lindu 6it
dry beef Parki I'll bring dry beef. noqa Parkita aparqamusah.
kind of hot pepper loqotu
tomato tomate
4 cheese kisu
kindt of sauce lahwa
And hot pepper also, with loqotuta askila tomateyuhta lots of tomato and cheese kisuyuhtatah lahwa to make sauce for ourselves. fiuwa-kunapah.
D. Oh, ma'am: I wish you ay, mamgY! ama parlawah6u wouldn't talk! antis!
hunger Iarqay.
mouth simi
water yakuyaCiy
Making me more hungryyou astawan larqa6iaspa simfy are making my mouth water. yakuyaiscianki.
A. Yes, me too. ark, noqatapis. D. have a yen an tuha -kuy
belly wisa
swell punkiy
Having a yen for that 6ayIamantarah antuha-kuspaqa your belly will swell. wisaykiCah punkinqa.
A. laugh asiy
Don't make laugh hahaylas, ama asiCiwaydut
C. selec t t'aqay Don Telmo, would you please tata telmo, t'agarariwah sort out these potatoes? kay papata.
E. I'll prepare it for you. hina wakergoCipusqayki. What do you want them for? imaspahtah munascianki?
C. sell bendey In the first place for ay:wan Bawpahtaqa muhupahrah, planting, then for selling, 6aymantg bendemunapah, and for eating too. mik"unapahtah d.
E. to get wormy lOuruyay
Vemt about these wormy ones? kay k"urusgankunatarf?
C. Pig euCi Pick them out, even if it Caytaqa k"u6ispahpis is for the pigs. aihrarpariy. 21.5
B. The bake is ready. yastallia wat"iya.
E. wild, angry, hot # Yes, lettp.go. eat, arf, haku. Pup"itard it nice and hot. itik"uyliamuna.
Your sauce isvery hot! p"ifia kay Iahwayki .kasqa.
B. Eat. Aren'tyou a man? mik"uy g, a "ari kankeqa.
D. meally hak'a
It's meally. hak' a hale4tatahkaaqa.
C. I planted meally potatoes. hales, papatapunitarpu-korqani.
D. ayniy
In the next plantingyou 'pan tarpudapeqauh will have to lendme a 6"ika haTp'asikita6d piece of your land. aynirinaWayki kanqa.
C. Why not? imaraykd manari?
7
AS, ROA 21.6
Dialoguf, Review
A. bwenos dias, siEuray.
B. bwenos dies. mik"uspaliaCIA hamurgankiCah?
A. arf, mieorqaykuna.
B. doila mika, q'alitun kostalastau apamusqanki?
A. arf. kayqa.
C. day, haku entonsis, weragoCas.
D. anangw, kay hina leaCitd papitayki kasqaqat
C. arf. sumahra.taCus sina 1:unan watapi qoykuwan.
1 1 D. calariykurasunfia6u, tata simuku?
C. bweno, tukuy kalpawan kaun.
D. aCualdw: sumah kusapuni kay papaykit q "awariy m4, kay 6"lkaahqat
C. dyuspa bendisyonninwan sumahlata qori-kusqa.
A. imapitah papds astasun?
B. PuhIapi wayaqa kascian. 6ayta aparqamuy, mamay.
C. yu, don herardu. papa wat"iya fiuwe-kusun. t'oq(54 arargoriy.
D. wat"iyatau fiuwa-kusun? ke lindu 6it
B. noqa C'arkita aparqamusah. loqotuta agea tomateyuhta kisuyuhtatah lahwd 14uwa-kunapah.
D. ay, mamgy! ama parlawahCu astawan Iargaiwaspa simfy yakuy6isganki.
A. arf, noqatapis.
D. 6aylamantarah antuha-kuspaqa wisaykiCah punkinqa.
A. hahayres, ama asinway6W.
C. tata telmo, t'agarariwah kay papata.
E. hina wakercloCipusqayki. imaspahtah munascianki? 21.7
C. aswan 15pwpantaqa munupanrah, 6aymantg Lenlemunaan, milCunapehtah I.
G. kay k"urusgankunetarY?
C. 6aytaqa k"uCispahpis 6ihTarpariy.
B. yastaiia wat"iya.
E. arf, haku. ilup"itaig mik"uykaMuna. p"ifia kay rahwayki kasqa.
B. mik"uy g, earl ,kankeqa.
D. hak'a haleitatah kasqal
C. hak'a papatapuni tarpu-korganl
D. q"epan tarpudappqa uh haip'aykita6g aynirinawayki kanqa.
C. imaraykti manari?
'14,x,i,a.4,Wv44;weaX;x4:44...... magrertvavarmasznam=k1.WIMMII. 2V9.11,7fMMMST-3'M'AMP,-60!
21.8
Grammar Review
Response drill basedon dialogue,,21.
1. Cay yanapah werago6asmik"uspaila6u terganku?
2. ma5k"a kostalastatah doBamika aparqa?
3. ima mik"unalatapis 6ay i4unakunapapa alaypi waki6i-korqanku6u?
4. bay wat"iyatariclan mik organki6u?
5. kosapuni6u alasqapapa karqa?
6. papatarahCu alarganku wat"iyatarahCuwaki6i-korganku? 7. Iahwataqa mana64 fehsinkirah6u?
8. ya6ankitabZu ima6us Iahwakasqalantapis?
9. algy tukunanku kama8utukuy 6ay i4unakuna karganku? 10. algy tukuytawantah, imatg 14uwarganku?
Review drill (-6a, -ri, -la, -puni).
Translate the followingsentences:
1. You must be a good businessman,Don Roberto.
2. It must be that.
3. I wonder if it isn't,so.
4. Your father must have sentyou.
5. And what is your name?
6. And what about those cookedones? 70 Just a few.
8. He gave me only ten jugs.
9. That's the way it is.
10. That is indeed the custom. 21.9
Grammar points.
Independent suffixes.
These suffixeswere explained inUnit 8. Here we will give further examples of the validationalsuffixes -min and-sis:
ama-n 'Don't'
Ea-n 'already'
noqa-min 'I am the one'
kudinyuh-min 'certainly with a knife'
hamunmansg 'that he is coming is doubted'
fluwankumansis 'he would make mostly for himself, they said'
The suffix -6us of ten occurs withthe particle sina. When -Cus iseword finalbefore sina, it is oftenreplaced by stress. Drill
Translate the following phrases.
1. yaCaran6ussina.
2. eapah fvunesI4 sina.
Derivation
Verbalizers.
a derives intransitiveverbs from substantives:
hatun 'large' : hatunyay 'become large'
-6a derives transitive verbsfrom substantives:
)111agjaz 'enlarge' .,'TPT",VV,P,WKFT'.n IMInY
_--...... mommffxWMVMT9VAM=W=rqg,..'-
21.10
Substantivizers The suffixes -h, -na, -y, and -sga have aii"eady been
discussed. -LEI derives verbs from verbs. It means 2tohelp':
mieuy 'eat' mik "uysiy 'help eat'
Diminutives.
-Yoh deri'res substantives from substantives.
There are other derivational suffixes which are not
as frequent as the ones mentioned above.
'Phrases with a modifier derived by -sqa. Examples:
kunan qopusqayki, qayna 'I am now going to give you watamanta paCa saqesqayki the wraps that you left q'epiCanasta. last year'
Cay Nina unayta uywasqa waka 'That cow which I raised for kunampi waupusqa. such a long time, died today''
Numerals
Review the numerals fromone to ten. Other numerals are
given below.
Cunka uhniyoh 11
aunka iskayniyoh 12
6unka kinsayoh 13
Cunka p"isqayoh 15
iskay 6unka 20
iskay Cunka uhniyoh 21
VIdInCI.41.14.46.11.3216".".. 21 1
kinsa Cunka 30
tawa 6unka 40
paZah 100
paCah uhniyoh 101
iskay paCab .2.00
waranka 1,000
Drill.
Replace the underlined form by the translation of the
English. items andrepeat the whole sentence.
say goleqyanfuwasganku wasitamayu apakapusqa. a. which built
b. whichwe (incl.) built
c. whichhe built
2. Cay hina kwid.adwan podascianku saVas Pakipusganku. a. which you pruned
b. which he prUned
c. which we (excl.) pruned
Reading selection
"kasyanu, maCah Tuna"
NEW WORDS kasyanu 'Casiano' uywa 'animal' paqarin 'morning' q"apay 'yell' 21.12
sut'iyay 'dawn (vb,.)* maqay 'punish' karqa 'load' maBay ask for' waykaiy cause to fly' punka 'door' kasyanu, ma6ah rung. Casiano, the drunk. Ban 6ay kasyanuma6aykuIanBatahl° Casianb has got drunk again q"awariy6ah qankuna, Look at him, he is lasa uywa hina Baquaymanta,2 stumbling with difficulty t'lamaykaCaspa puriscian. like a heavy animal. warmipis Ban wasimpifia, His wife is now at home, burusnintapiswarmi sP.palan the wife has also made the wasinman 6aya6in. donkeys get home. kunan pagarintaBatah kay don Very early this morning, kasyanu sutiyoh3, man6ay Casiano walked to the sut'iyayta, haqay 6ahra town. lahtaman purerqa. may C"ika karqa papata apan. What a large load of potatoes sumahla6g Hinman karga'. he took! He must have done papapis kunampeq2. well Why even now potatoes a5kliamanBa yaykuykun°. have gone up! tukuy 6ay papata waykaiytawanqa7 After selling all those kay don kasyanu aqua wasinman potatoes, Casiano went to puri-kusqa pa6a, tumpata the chicha tavern, and madaykuriytawantah manan getting somewhat drunk warmilatapis uyariyta he had refused to listen munasqaBaCu. to his wife. sapalanta sagen bul'usta wawastawan He left her alone bringing the wasin kama apa-kampohta8. donkeys and the children home. kunanqa, imasta6us q "aparispa, Now yelling, goodness knows takispa, waqaspatah what, singing, and crying flaq"aymantapuni wasinman he is barely getting home. Gaya-kuscian. .- ...... 1.creAY=ItttifteWet 11
21:13
IA! 6ayaykuytawanqa inanan Perhaps, upon arriving;he won't c'inlamantapispuBuyka-kaponqa6u even go to sleep quietly, he warmintarah maqaytamunanqa, will want to beat hiswife, or mikuunata6us mafianqa,astawanCus he will ask for food, aq"ata uhyayta or munaspa, q'oni wanting to drinkmore chicha, pufiunanmanta sayari6imuspa, making her get out of her aq"a wasi punkusta warm takaraCimonqa. bed, he will make hergo knocking on the chicha tavern doors.
ahnalapuni kaykasyanoqa, tumpata As soon as hesees a little golqg rehsiriytawankama aqua money he goes straight to the wasi 6egantapuriponqa. chicha place.
NOTES
1 -1a..-tah 'again°.
2fiaea-is a verb meaning 'toquarter, to torture',as a substantive
&quaymeans 'almost, hardly, barely,with difficulty'; also ft:aquas and Bae4sina. kav don liuia.nusutiyoh (Lit.) 'thisso called don Casiano'. 4 sumah-la-ca 'just fine probably'; i4inman karqa verbalphrase; a verb with a conditional formplus ham expresses doubt.
This use of is probably a loantranslation from Spanish.
cf. me va biens le va bien.
5siemphatic particle; Spanishloan word.
6a5k"amanfiavayUDIEri'it has entered tomuch already' i.e.
its price has goneup. The subject ispapa-pis; notice that
papa is used collectively in thesingular, while in English we use potato as a countnoun.
7wlyhEI17 'to cause to fly' i.e. 'to sell quickly'. 8 h-clause 'as one who brings forsomeone else'; h- clauses are usually subordinate. This one functionsas a direct object of sager. 21.14
"kasiyanu, maCah 14una.'
rasa an Cay kasyanuma6aykulanBatah. q"awariyCah qankuna, warmimpis Ban uywa hinaBaq'aylamanta t"amayka6aspa purisqan. kunan wasimpifia, bui4usnintapis warmisapaBan wasiman6aya6in. pagarintaBatah kay don kasyanusutiyoh, man6aysut'iyayta, haclay
6ahra Iahtaman purerqa, mayVika karga papata apan.sumahTa6d tukuy 14inman karqa. papapis si kunampeqaa6k"amanBa yaykuykup.
6ay papata wayka6iytawanqa kaydon kasyanu aquawasiman puri-kusqa paCa, tumpata ma6aykuriytawantah mananwarmilantapis uyariyta wasin kama munasqamu6u. sapatanta sagen bui"usta wawastawan waqaspatah apa-kampohta. kunanqa, imastausq"aparisqa, takispa, flaeaymantapuni wasinman6ayaykusgan, i6aCayaykuytawanqa warmintarah maqayta munanqa, manaVinlamantapis puBuyka-kaponqa6u, mik"unata6us maflaqa, astawan6usaq"ata uhyayta munaspa, puBunanmanta sayariCimuspa, aq"a wasipunkusta takaraCimonqa. ahnalapuni kay kasiyanoqa, tumpataqclqe rehsiriytawan kama_ aqua wasi 6eganta puripopqa.
Response drill based ReadingSelection "kasyanu, maZahTuna"
1. pimantatah ma6aykuTanBatah nispaninku?
2. kungn 6ankayka6a-kuspa64 puriscian.
3. maypitah kasyanoh warminkascian?
4. cantor ahnaTapuni6u kay kasyanoqa?
5. imaynatafts kunanqawasinman.Zayanqa.
6. ciolgeta6d hap'iykulanBatah.
7. ganri imaninkitah6aymanta? 21:15
Listening-In
funakuna papa aiayman ripunkuna. sapa watapi haqay tata telmoh haIp'anpeqa man6ay sumahtapapa qori-kun. kunan watapipis sumahlatah64kanqa. sumahtempunJtah t'ikaykurerqa&aypapanqa. noqapis I4iyman si karqa, wayagerolamantapisyaykusayman karqa. ma6k"askunampeqa sumahta wat'iyatapis uwaykuri-konqanku. manCay hatun t'ociota alaspa kostalatapuniqalari papamanta 6urarfy yan6anku. Caymantatah ask"arahwata fuwarlIankutahsunah kesilusniyohta. fiyman karqa,oye. iCa watapah 6ayhinamanta tata telmopis uh Vika halp'ampitarporgo-k6hsagewanman karqa.
Conversations
I.
A. How is thepotato harvest,don Telmo?
B. It seems thatit is going tobe quite good. A. Wouldn't you let me (make me)enter at leastas e "wayaqero"? B. Come then,come, help us. II.
A. Listen,don Telmo, shouldn't we prepare the "watia"already? B. Alright, then go dig a hole. A. We will put a bag of potatoes. Won'twe, don Telmo? B. Alright, then, ifyou want we'll putmore too. Ampaiems.MMILClihreers.leet
21.16
A. I don't like to travel in other towns.
B. It's that you haven't left your small country.
A. It isn't that so much, but our native land doesindeed attract us.
B. Being in another city you probably miss ehicha. s:OP
Cochabamba, Bolivia
UNIT TWENTY TWO
Die loRue
The hair cuttingceremony is an old Andean custom.
Luchito is going to have his firt haircut. The participants are: A. Juan. B. Jose. C. Domingo, Luchito'sfather. D. Matins, Luchito's godfethr. E. Santusa. F. Luchito's mother. G. Lorenzo. A. mow fut"uy
hair cutting hatuuku Wouldn'tyou like to goto the mane hair cutting uma i4ut"ukuman fly ceremonSr? munawah?
B. Where is it? maypitah Cpy kasciari?
A. At Don Domin gois theysay. don domingohpapinin visit bisita Don Domingo, do you went don domingu, bisitd visitors? munewah6u?
C. You have come: Do come in, won't you? hamurisciankiaahqa. yaykurimuy6ah, 6? it CuhCa say, try niy We are trying to havemy kay liaituypa auhcitanta uchito's haircut. k'utorqocisehnisqayku. 22.2
Sit down please. Serve tiyarikuyaah d. yourselves. sirbiykuri-kuyaay.
A. strong sinai
Thank you, Don Domingo. agradese-kuyki, don domingo. Your pisco is good,a kosa key piskuyki kasqa, little strong. as sinaisituTa.
C. Let's see. I think we are aber. gorarisunEd beginning. sine.
Let's drink first. What do uhyaykurinarah. ima you say? ninkiCahtah?
A. money golqe
tighten, adjust mat'IL.kuy
loosen kaCariy
Yes, let's drink, maybethat way, art, uhyaykurinarah, iCa not being very stingy,we will hinamanta, sma let go of our money. matii-kuspara, golqe kaaarisun.
D. That's theway it should be. 8ay hinapuni kanantiyan Who's going to lethis money ari. pitah golgenta go just like that? kaaarisunman hinelamantari?
E. Yes, end especially the ark, qparistahaswanqa, men, so they'll let go of tumpa golgenkuta their money, how muchmore kaoarinankupah, may they have to drink! Vikatarsh uhyananku kanqa!
06.0...704:6141.EIP 3
22.3
C. "comDadre" kumpa Let's see. Will you begin, abdr, aber. qanad qararinki, compadre Metres? kumpa matias.
F. "cutter", scissors k'utuna Yes, you dear compadre. arf gamouni,kampadritdy Here are thescissors. kayqa ksutunespis.
dish latiiu Here is a dishto put the kara latiZupis auhSa hair on. curanapah.
C. gift t'inka Yes and tbisone for the arf kaytah little gifts. tlinkitaspah.
thousand waranqa
godson ayharu Fine. Here,, I'll put 10,000 baya. kay noqd Curasah for my godson. cunka waranciat,,ayharuypah.
C. May God repay you, dyus pagarasuaun;kumpa Compadre Matfas. mattes.
god father pagrinu
F. Oh yes, I thank you also. ay say, noqapisagradese-kuyki. With sucha godfather myson kay hina nagrinuwanqa will always be rich. q"apahpuni karmawawitayqa. 22.4
A. It's your turn, Compadre kumpa domingo. Domingo.
C. Iql.cut his hair for a noqaqa uh toropah Cuh64n bull. k'utusah.
F. two iskay sheep uwiha
And I, his mother, will give noqatah maman hinaqa, him two sheep. iskay uwihasta cosah.
B. write down apuntay You will write it down, sire sumah apuntanki, tata.
G. Yes, it is all written here. ark, tukuy imafla sumah apuntasqa kaypi kasqan.
A. I will bring him a hen noaaqa warpitate qtaya tomorrow. apainpusah.
B. I'll only cut for these noq4 key waranqaraypah thousand. k'uturi- kusah.
C. Well, may God repay you, say, dyds pagarapusunkials, friends. kumpitus.
D. Let's see. How muc.h has aber, tata, maik°4 been made? Tell us what f*uwa-kusqa? apuntasqaykita you have written down. wirerimuy. 22,5
G. listen, hear uyeriy Listen. I'll read. Money, uyarigaht kayqa, leesah: 11,000, threebulls, six sheep, golgeqa ten hens, cunka uhniyuh one goat, waranqa, kinsa.toros,. sohta Ofizeha'si, cunka arpas, uh kabra,
clothIng plaaa charge mudana and two changes of clothes. iskay pitiaa mudanaswan. 22.6
Dialogue Review
mans uma fut"ukuman fiymunawah?
B. maypiteh Cay kasciari?
A. don domingohpapi nin. don domingu, bisit4 munewahCu?
C. hamurisonki6-lhqe. yeykurimuyCah, 6? kay lualtuypa Cuh8itanta k'utorqo6isehnisqayku. tiyari-kuyCah 4. sirbiykuri-kuyCah.
A. agredese-kuyki, don domingo. kosa key piskuyki kasqa, as sinCisitula.
C. aber, aber. qatarisunii4 sine. uhyeykurinarah. ima ninkiCahtah?
A. erf, uhyaykurinarah, iaahinamn3ta, ama anag metli-kuspara, qolqe kaCarisun.
D. Cay hinapuni kanan tiyenari. pitch golgenta kaCarisgenman hinalamantari?
E. vf, q42ristahe.swenqe, tumpa golgenkuta ka6Erinankupah, may eikaterah uhyananku kenqa!
C. aber; aber, &n5r" qeTPrinki, kumpa
F. arf qamnuni, kumpadritdy. kayqa k'utunaspis. kayqa latiMpis Cuhaa Curananah.
C. arf keytah t'inkitaspeh.
D. baya. kay nogg Cureseh Cunke warangsta ayharuypah.
C. dyus pagaresualn, kumpe matias.
F. ay say, nogg pis agradese-kuyki. kay hina pagrinuwanqa q "apahpuni kanqa wawitayqa.
A. qampiEetah, kumpa domingo.
C. noqaqa uh toropah Cuhadn klutusah.
- ---....rneWervellMaa.11.416...... M. ..ioer.*..,....IvnWK4V*=Vr.E....WWr..o....r.NT.W.M...rMsyvi.wa..t,,,gal,;,ttAkgi,..., 22.7
F. noqatallmaman hinaqa iskay uwihastaqoseh. B. sumdhepuntanki,tate. G. arf,tukuy imamsumah apuntasqa kaypikasgen. A. noqaqp walpitata qtarapampuseh. B. nogg kay waranOlaypehkiuturi-kuseh. C. Coy, dylls pagaralmsunkiais,kumpitus. D. aber, tata, ma5k"dfuwa-kusqe? apuntesqaykitawirarimuy. G. uyariyCah. keyqa,leesah: kinsa toros, golqeqe Cunkeuhniyuh sohta owehas,Cunka wanes, waranqa, plaaamudanaswen, uh.kabre,iskay
Grammar Review Response basedon dialogue 22. 1. ume fut'ukuman ?iytamuirawah6u? 2. don domingohpapf sina 'daykenqa kasqa. 3. mand filawah,kay noqe7,is warenqa7awanfisgeni. 4, hinemanta rispariCayiskay funekuna yaykorganau? dondomingohpaman 5. paykunatafikuspatehmanaCu ni imata Cal,don domingo 6. nerqa? maik"agolgetatah Cay uma fut"ukupitantargenku? 7. qenri magearatepisCay uma futaukupiCurawah8u? 8. maik"stdCurawah?
Review drill (-Ci,-muI -pa, Translate the followingsentences: 22.8
1. Get up!
2. make those donkeys getup.
3. I drive the woman crazy.
4. I sit down
5. I sit the child.
6. Where are you arriving from?
7. Who gave birth?
1 8. Since when has it been raining?
9. I send him.
10. He sent him here.
11. I had him sent.
12. I'll come back.
13. I'll go back.
14. We have two cows.
15. I'm taking her some medicines.
16. Put that there forme.
17. Put that there for yourself.
18. Don't have something stolen fromyou 19. Don't make someone steal:
Review drill: Some models Translate the following sentences:
1. I brought it for myself.
2. Pick one up for yourself.
,..134,44.511%.715,W 22.9
3. Drink it. down:
4. I'm goingto work herd.
Review drill: past definite
Translate thefollowing sentences: 1. When didyou do it?
2. Last year Iwent to Tarata.
3. I played withthe children atschool. 4. We went to eat"lawa" atyour house. 5. They came fromthe city. 6. I went totown and boughtsalt. 7. They slept there.
8. I worked inthe field.
9. He went andbuilt himselfa house.
10. He drove (followed)the donkey.
Grammar points
Summary of verbinflection Verbal suffixes are non-final suffixeswhich neveroccupy the lest position in the word, andfinalsuffixes,which may be word final. Non-final suffixesare divided into twoclasses: those whichprecede the suffixes -wa and -su, andthose which follow -wa and-su. The former are the so-calledmodal suffixes, the latter are -Cu end-hti. M77,,,,,77717.47,1,717,7,7P.71.77,7.7177.,M,VP'r,"'
22.10
Any modal can precedeany of the finalsuffixes.
The final suffixes are:
- E0,, past definite
- Alt, narrative
-22., occurring in thecombinations-nga,3rdperson sing.
future and -paanku,3rd p. pl.fut.
-sah, 1st p. sing. fut.
- wah, 2nd rand.
imperative
Reading selection
"Eawpa watakunapiu
awtu car' New Words hwiraq'ay 'go down'
k'iski 'tight' uya 'face'
q'ewa6a-kuy 'be afraid' upda-kuy 'wash one's face' k "uskan 'half' k'uai 'agile, niml"le'
inti sun' kolehyo 'school'
WanCamuy 'light' (vb.) yeaa-kuy 'learn'
Vapuy 'mix' universiddd 'university'
mayu 'river' tftulo 'degree'
Eawpa watakunapi. The years gone by.
Eawpa watakunapeqa Tahtay In the years gone by, my hualuyla karqa. town was quite small.
yankunatapis tawataaus We had only four or five roads. puisqatataCus fiehseh kayku.1 22.11
manan kunampi hipeCu awtoskunapis Cars were not as crowded k'iskilapiCuipuri-koh kah as they are now. karganku.
kunan waynakunata filkuspeqa Ii just laugh seeing today's asi-kulanifia. young men.
tukuy imamanta WeweCa-kuyrata They are afraid of everything. munanku.
k"usken plunaay puriyiapis They feel lazy about half q"era-kurankuila. a day's wellk.
Eswpapeqa, Cay may paaapiCus3 Before, when I was young, nocian wayna kergani, apy at that time, paCapeqa, in order for us to get: eskwelaman Cayamykupahqa, to school, we would have orgon orqontarah.4* purinayku to walk across hills and karqa. still more hills.
manarah inti taytaaah5 We had to get up before the klanZamus9htin, C"aou sun came out, at the crack Cpapuratab seyeri-kunayku of dawn, kah kerga
mayramar hwireq'aspa Ciri Going down to the river,we yakutawan uyatapis would wash our faces with up"arpari-kull keyku. cold water.
Ceymantetah klual nurAyrani, Then, with, a brisk walk, manan inti teyta before the sun could catch taripaCi-kuspe, hatun up with us, we would come Iahtaman hamoh karqayku to school in the big town kolehyopi k'ual yuyeyrawan° with a mind eager to yaCa-kuneykupah. learn.
nitah Cay hina watakunaneqa At that time therewas kunampi hinaau unibersiddd no university, and so sutiyobpis kargarahau, only the children of the aayraykutah astawan ya&yta rich who wanted to learn munaspe, Cay tftulos ninku more or to obtain a degree caykuneta mask'espeteh, would go to other far away Vapahkunahpa wawa snilan cities. wah karu lahtesmen pureh kanku.
Cay hinale kah karqa kawsey That is the way life used to Ealope watakunapeqa. be in the years gone by. 4.c,0137.,
22.12
NOTES
1Lit. 'we used to know
2 k'iski 'tiRht', k'iskilapi 'just tightly'i.e. crowded.
3caypa6api on that occasion; &aymay paCapiCus 'at that time' 4 -ta has an adverbial function; lit. 'hill still hill',the repetition gives an idea of the distance. 51our (incl.) sun father' i.e. the sun. 6 5"apuy. 'to soak,to submerge in a11quid, to mix'; in this case at dawn the day "mixes in"with the night. C"apurata 'at dawn'; C"apu C"apurata 'atthe crack of dawn'.
7Noticethat in this constructionwhere obligatory habitual, action in the past is expressed, the personal suffix is added to the -na form. 8 1it. 'just with agile thought'.
"fawpa watakunapi"
Eawpa watekunapeqa rehtay hua'uyiakarqa. yankunatapis
tawata6us puisciarataCus f.ehsehka-,!ku. manan kunampi hinaau
awtoskunapis k'iskiropiau puri-koh kah karganku. kunan
waynakunat9 r-ikusnaqa asi-kuTenifia. tukuy imamanta q'ewaCe-kuyrata
munanku. k"uskan p'unCay puriytapis eela-kuTankufia. Eawpapeqa, Cay may paCapiausnocian wayna karqsni, aay paCapeqa, eskwelaman
Cpyanaykupahqa,orgon orgontPrah purinayku karqa. manarah anti taytaCah kienCamusahtin, Caanu C"epuratasayari-kunayku kah karqa. mayulaman hwireaspa Ciri yakuiawanuyatapis 22.13
updarperi-kuh kayku. Caymentetah kivaipuriyTapimanan inti tayta taripaei-kuspa, hatun Tehtamanhamoh kerqaykukolehyopi 101161 yuyaylawen yaCe-kunaykupah. nitah 6ay Ninawatakunepecja kunampi hinaau unibersiddd sutiyohpis kargarahau,Cayraykuteh astawan yaCaytemunaspa, Cay tftulos ninku Caykunatamask'espateh, crepahkunehpa wawasniTen wah karu Tehtesmsnpureh kanku. Sey hinsie kehkerqa kawsay Eawoawstekuhapeqa.
Response drillbased on ReadingSelection "nawpa watakunari"
1. yeaankiau imeyneaus fipohwsitekunapi lahteyksscienta? 2. maglee yenkunatatah Caywatekunsoi i''ehserpfayku? 3. kunan waynekuneriImsynatah kanku? 4. mgsk"atatehBewra funekune kerclayku? eskwelamen Cryemykurahpureh
5. sumahsutsiyoytaausayeri-koh kerqeyku? 6. maypitah upaa-kohksrqeyku? 7. Say watskunapiri unibersidgdfehsi-korqpileau? 8. pikunaIstahtitulusta mesk'aspawah karu Tahtasman karganku? pureh
Listening-In don domingoh wasimpi Cuhaa k'utuytaw3klykaisconku. Baq"aad kunitan kameqa may Caika nunaCusManta-kunkuilepis. kay uma fut"uku kostumbreqa golqdorq"onetepah sirbin. hualuy wawate 22.14
hap'iytewan, sapa i4unakuna megk"ataC4 munasciankute t'inkata hina Cura-kuspa, Coy wawahpa CuhCitenta kiutuykaCenku. sapa uhtah imapahaus &ay klutusgenku CuhCatP wasinkuman apa-kunkupis, mane noqaqa yaCani5u. mana golqey kascrnrayku mana Cay Cuhaa k'W;uyman f.erganiCu, 'Ca q"awawankumenpis nispat?h. uhyarimuyman karqe tinisga piskuyoh yakitusta, iCa clowista welpastapis kunan qararenclanku. imanasuntah, tukuy Cayta piyerdenifia. Conversations
I.
A. Shouldn't we go to the hair cutting ceremony?
B. Where (abouts) is that?
A, I don't know yet, they only let me know that there was a heir cutting ceremony.
B. Let's go then, we'll ask.
A. Don Domingo, we come to visit you.
B. Oh fine, it's good that you have come. Come in, please.
A. We are going to hpve our Luchito's hair cut.
B. Yes, that's why we are getting ready.
III.
A. How much should I put as an offering?
B. Whatever you wish, it will be something indeed.
A. O.K., I'll put six thousand for the time being.
B. O.K., may God reward you. Nay your children develop nicely. Cochabamba, Bolivia
UNIT TWENTY-THREE
Dialogue
The anthropologist asks Simucoabout the town's fiesta.
They then go to the steward'shouse. A. Anthropologist.
B. Simuco. C. Don Severino, the steward.
A. to be accustomed to yaCay Do you usually celebratethe sapa wataCu sen pedro feast of Saint Peter? fyestata i4uwa-kIly yeaankiCah?
B. mass misa person who helps the steward at a fiesta pasante
Yes, but some years the arf, wakin wataspipero stewards only have mass miv:lata cionku pasantesqa. said.
A. Only a mass? Well, why? misareta? imerayku d?
B. depend pendey
Well, that dependson the pasantesmanta penden Cayqa stewards. Some have money, ari. wakin golqeyuh, others don't. wakin mana. stingy mica
Some are stingy, others just wakfn miCias kanku, wakintah spend. kaari-kulanku.
Well, it depends on all that. tukuy Caymanta penden, arie ,1,1,-F.UINC77,111VS,
23.2
A. saint santu
to become angry p"ifia-kuy
And doesn't the saint' become mang cants santu pnifia-kunri, angry when they don't make mang sumahta a good fiesta for him? fyestapohtiykt6ahri?
B. Yes indeed! He becomes imaynd manari. pHirla-kuyta angry. 7aCan.
dry up Vakiy
Last year he made the fields qayna watapipisq'alg completely dry, and many 6'ekiyku6in Cahrakunatal planted fields perished. may aftika tarpukunatah wafiorganku.
A. And how do the good sumah pasantesriimaynat4 stewards usually hold the fyestata fiesta? What do you say? yaCankuri? imatatah clan ninki?
B. four tawa
five pui5qa
get ready alistay
They have things preparedin tawa pui5qa kirapipunitukuy four or five months. imata alistaykuriainku.
flesh, meat ay5a
Many cows and sheep are killed may Vika wakas uwihas just for the meat. wafiun ayCalapahrah.
A whole field of potatoes and uh tarpuypuni oapa sarapis corn is used for thefood. mieung i4uwaCinankupah.
4 mwrAmmomMTItf,S.W,Vats
23.3
A. And they feedeveryone in town? tukuy pwebloh f.unanmanCu eiantd mik"uainku?
B. Anybody who wants it and tukuy munahkunaman those whocome from another ari, wah town also. pweblomanta hamohkunamampis.
A. And so don'tthey pay for what they eat? mikuusqankumanta pag:v yacenkuri?
B. How couldone pay in a fiesta? imayylc;cd fyestapi pagasunri?
A. Can't thestewards sell the food? mand pasantesqamik"und bendenkuman6u?
B. invite imbitay charge kobray And no one could chargea nitah ni pipis, fellow Christian. uh imbitasqa kristyanu masitaqa kobrdyatinmancu.
A. lunch almwerso Where will today'slunch be? maypf kundnalmwers6 kanciari?
B. steward,person in mayordumu charge of organizing a fiesta At the steward's house mayordumuh wasimpi 7,,,T11}7.{7,+
23.4
A. Where is the house? Could maypi cay wasiri? riy we go? atisunmenCu?
B band banda
around there Caynehpi Where that band is playing, 6ay banda waqa-kusan, around there. Caynehpi.
kind of rocket kamareta
There, but there they haqay, pero haqaypf shoot rockets. kamaretasta kacarisankoqa.
B. That's the steward'shouse. Cayqa Dasentehpa wasin.
Don Severino,we have come to don seberino, bisitareh visit. hamuyku.
C. Come in, come in, gentlemen. yayurimueahf yeykurimuyCah, weraqocitus.
B. introduce presentay
This gentlemen is my friend. kay weragoCa amiguy. I'll introduce you, Don presentarisqayki, don Severiho. seberino.
C. You must have come fyestari-kuha6 h9murerganki, to enjoy the fiesta, Sir. weragoCa.
A. remain q"epa-kuy
Yes, if I get accustomed 1 ari tumoata. yaaa-kulasah may stay. 6ayri icas q"epa-kusqayman. 23,5
C. I don't believe you'll mana kreemenau get accustomed. ye6a-kapunaykitaga.
A. Well, but with such good pero key mina sumah gentlemen I would be happy, weracio6aswenqa antis rather. kusirapiC4 kari-kuyman, art.
C. girl sipaku Then I would bring you a 6ey entos uh sumah sipakuta nice girl. What do you say? apargenpuykiman. ima ninkitah?
A. Why not imaraykd manari !
C. Don't make me laugh. ha, ha, ama asiCi-kuyau.
life bida
You don't know What life in the manerah gan i4ehsisgankiau country is like yet. Cahra bidataga.
B. procession prosisy6n
I think it's time. The BaCus sina prosisyein procession is about to gala ringana. begin.
A. beat, ring wahtey
Yes. Those bells are ringing art. Cay kemoanaspis also. wahtaykusenkuiia. 11" .4.7!WaStgIMZ111
23:6
B. light, fire kanaykuy They say our steward is kunen C'sis pasanten6ah going to build a big Cflika hatunta bonfire. kanaykurenqa kasqa.
A. What is a bonfire? imetah kanakuri?
fire cracker kweti
dry branch Cashra
explode tohayay
B. Well, he will burn tree i4upflaCenqa.g kurkusta trunks and dry branches and C'awhrastawen, he will light firecrackers. kwetilustatah tohyanCenqa.
A. Is he even going to kurkustapuniCu burn tree trunks? fup"aCenqa?
B. wood lant'a
Yeths with lots of firewood. arf. aline lant'atawan
A. Well, then we'll go see. entonsis, q "awarimusun g?
B. Yes, there will be nice arf, 6olitaspis kalenqatah. cholas too. 17,
23.7
Dialogue Review
A. sapa w9teau san Pedro fyestata fiuwa-kliyyaCankiCah?
B. ari, wakin watasDipero misaletP cionku pasantesqa. A. miserata? imarayku 4?
B. pasantesmanta penden Cayqaari. wakin golqeyuh, wakinmane. wakin raiClaskanku, wakintah keCari-kuianku. tukuy 6aymenta penden,ari.
A. many ant sentillYiBa-kunri,mana sumahta fyestapohtiykiCahri?
B. imayng manari. pailla-kuyta yaCen. qayna watapipis q14914 C'eakiykuCin Cahrakuhate,may CHika iarpukunetah warlorganku.
A. sumeh pasantesri imaynatdfyestata Puwari-kIly yaCenkuri? ima.tatah qan ninki?
B. tawa p"iffqa kilapipuni tuktlyimata alistaykuriCinku.
may 6-ika wakas uwihas waBun agarepehreh. uh tarpuypuni papa sarapis mik"una f.uwaCinankupah.
A. tukuy pwebloh fiunanmanCu ant mik'uainku?
B. tukuy munahkuneman ari, wehnwel-lomenta hamohkunamampis. A. mane mik"usciankumenta paggyya8ankuri? B. imaynetd fyestapipagasunri? A. man pasantesqa mik"ung bendenkumanau?
B. nitah ni pipis, uh imbitasqakristyanu masitaqa kobrdy atinmanCu.
A. mayprkundn eimwers6kanclari?
B. mayordumuh wasimpi. 110011
23.8
A. maypf &ay wasiri? riy atisunmenCu?
B. Gay panda waqa-kusen Ceynehpi.
A. haqay, pero haqaypf kamaretasta kak,arisankoqa.
B. Cayqa pasantehpawasin. don seberino, bisitareh hamuyku.
C. yaykurimuy6ah, yeykurimugah, weragoCitus.
B. kay wereqoCa amiguy. presentarisqayki, don seberino.
C. fyestari-kuhC4 hamurerqanki, weraqoCa.
A. arf tumpata. yaCa-kulasah Cayri i6as eepa-kusqayman.
C. mana kreemanCu yeCa-kapunaykitaqa.
A. pero kay Nina sumah weralloCaswanqa antis kusilapiCd kari-kuyman, ari.
C. Cay entos uh sumah sipakuta aparqampuykiman. ima ninkitah?
A. imaraykil manari!
C. ha, ha, ama asiCi-kuyau. manarah qan rehsisciankiCu Cahra bidataqa.
B. BaCus sina orafia. prosisyon qairrinqafia.
A. arf. 6ay kampanaspis wahtaykusankufia.
E. kunan Clisis pasenten6ah Vika hatunta kanaykurenqa kasqa.
A. imatah kanakuri?
B. i4up"aCenqa d kurkusta Ciawhrastawan, kwetilustatah tohyaCenqa.
A. kurkustapuniau 14upflaCenqa?
B. arf. a5kfla lant'atawan.
A. entonsis q"awarimusun 6?
B. arf, Colitaspis kaianqatah. 23.9
Grammar Review
Response drills basedon dialogue 23. 1. qan yeaCankiCu imeCus Uh pasante kascianta?
2. imaynatah Coy pasantes kayta yaCenku? cants 3. syertoCuAuh sumah fyestapeqawakastapuni fiak'arinku? 4. tukuy Cay hinementapuniri, imapahteh i"uwankuri?
5. mageat4 Cay i4unakunamikausgankumanta pagdy yaCanku? 6. kunan wata eyesta imaynatah kandn yuyanki?
7. pitatah mayordomomanta sutiCanku?
8. yeaCankiCu pitaCus Colitasnispa nisciankutah?
9. kanakupi Colitas kanqaCu kasqa?
10, qan i4ehsinkiCu kanakutaqa?
Review drill: The suffixes -wa and -su, -xyi and -ykiCah with verbs.
Translate the following sentences:
1. What chicha do you like?
2. Do you feel like having just potatoes?
3. Who invited you?
4. The owner invited me.
5. My husband abandoned me,
6. I love you.
7. We will lend you money.
8. They already paid us.
9. He will give you the money.
10. Give me some, please. 23.10
Grammar points The suffixes -we and -su occur in verbals with the form
-na immediately beforii the personal suffi o-ne-wa-n
'his giving me'.
Drill
Translate the following:
1. qonawaykiCah.
2. ninawanku.
3. if.ikunawayki.
4. qonasunku.
5. munanasuyki.
6. qonawaykiCah.
Notice theoccurrence of -wa and -su before final suffixes except -wars and - sari:
- rqa gosorga 'he gave you' -sqa closusqa 'that he gave you - nqa Pageaaaa 'he will pay you'
-Y LiatE 'Give me!' - spa clowaspa Ig -in-)* me'
Drill
Translate the following: 7,35.5,417,nw.n9
23.11
1. yanapasorqa.
2. niwarqa.
3. pagasonqanku.
4. yanapaway6ah.
5. mik"uCisorqa.
6. bendewaspa.
Reading selection
"imastarah6us i4ehsinkiCahpis4 NEW WORDS hanah 'above' weBuCinaku 'killing' paCa 'world' geila 11A)'ar p "away 'fly', p "iriy 'destroy' kwete 'rocket' urmay 'fall' fiadyo 'radio' uma 'thought' telebisyon 'television' ainu 'Chinese' teatru 'theater' k "uyay 'love, respect' aqoyraki 'misfortune'
imastarahaus 114ehsinkiCahpis. What more willyou know! imastawanrahCus f.ehsinkiCahpis I wonder whatmore you will hamoh watakunapeqa. know in theyears to come. flan f-unaqa hanah paaamampisl Man has alreadyflown to the p"awarinfia, Cay kwetes ninku sky, in those rocketsthey Caykunapi, mama kilamampis are almost gettingto the Cayaykutaqa munesgankufia.2 moon. !'77 .
23.12
ninku hamoh watrIkunapah kay karu The way in the years to come Cahraypipis redyo telebisyones radios and televisions will ilehsi-kunanta.3 be known in my far away fields.
manarah Caykunamantaqa imasCus We doLlt yet know about those kasciankutapis yaZaykurahCu, things, whatever they may ica wawasnilaykuyaCarerunku24 be, perhaps our children 16a paykuna teatrusmanpis will know them, perhaps iAencianku, telebisyon nisqatapis they will go to the theater i4anti-knnqaku. and buy this so-called television.
imasrahCus ma kanqa6u hamoh I wonder what else there will wata kunapeqa. be in the years to come:
kunampeqa tukuynintin haip'apis The whole world is too small huCluylafia i4unah yaCaynimpahqa. for man's knowledge.
aman5ni irna Icloyraki hamuCunCu, May there come no misfortune, aman wailucina-kus nitah gei4as may there be no killings nisqakuna CayamuCtinkuCu. or wars.
imaraykuCus yaCah hinakunamin Because men that know say that ninku q "apah lahtakunamanta powerful lands went to puirinakuyig munesqanka, destroy each other, ti-at each uhtah uhpa urmayniIgn one strives for the downfall mask'angenta. of the other.
manan Cay Nina Cehnina-kuy If these hatreds don't come, hamohtenqa iCa hamoh, perhaps in the years to watakunapi wewesnincah come our children will aswan kusiypi kawsanqanku, live more happily, sumah umata6 kay kunan learning wise thoughts tatasninkumanta hap'ispa, from their parents, with manCay k'aCa sanqowan good will. White, Chinese yurahkuna pis, cinuspis, yanaspis or black people will live kaCunku, euyana-kuspa, respecting and helping yanapana-kuspa kawsa-konclanku. one another.
NOTES
1hanah paCa, 'heaven'. In colloquial style one uses syelo.
V.4.41114.1.4AnaMiYalow. 23.13
2c. avav munav 'towant to arrive', also 'to beabout to arrive'; this is trueof anyinfinitive in the muna-. accusative plusthe verb
3 There isno agreementhere.
'BLit. 'not yet';'about those';'what' (pl.) they also are';'we know (i.e. things); still'; We don'tyet know about those things,whatever theymay be'.
5Thenegative particle ama commonlyoccurs with verbs verbal suffix-§2. plus the 6 Lit. 'good head' (wisethoughts)from their (from theirparents) now parents taking hold of,seizing (learning)'. "imastarahCusrehsinkiCahpis" imastawanrahCus fehsinkiCahpishamoh watakunapeqa. Ban f'unaqahanah paCamampis pflawarinBa, .Caykuwetes ninkuaaykunapil mama kilamampisCayaykutaqa munasciankullia. ninku hamohwatakunapah kay karu Cahraypipisradyos, telebisiyonesi4ehsi-kunanta. mansrah CaykunamantaqaimasCus kasclankutapLs yaCaykurahCu,iCa wawasniTaykuiiaya6arenganku, iCa paykunateatrusmampis f.enqaku, telebisiy6n nisqatapis fenti-konqaku. imasrahCusma kanqaCu hamoh watakunapeqa. kunanpeqa tukuynintinhalp'apis huVuyiaBa i4unah yeCaynimpahqa. eman ni ima agoyrakihamuCunCu,aman wafiaina-kusnitah gefas nisqakuna CayemuCunkuCu. imaraykuCus yaCah i'.unakunaminninku q"apah Iahtakunamantap"irina-kuy14 munasciankuta, uhta uhpa urmayniI4nmask'ascianta. manan &ay hina Cehnina-kuyhamohtenqa iCa hamoh watakunapiwawasnln6ah, aswan kusiypikawsanclanku, sumah umata kay kunantatasninkumanta 2-3.14 hapsispa, manCay k'aCa sonqowan yurahkunapis, Cinuspis, yanaspis kaCunku, k "uyana- kuspa, yanapana-kuspa kawsa-konganku.
Response drill based on Reading Selection
"imastarah6us faehsinkiCahpis"
1. maymantah iaunakuna puawarinkuiia?
2. maymantah Cay kuwetes nisqakunapi Cayeyta munasqanku?
3. karu cahraspi radiyostelebisioy4lesqan i4ehsi-kunkuiiaCu?
4. pikunatah iadiyusta telebisiyonestawan hamoh watakunapi fehsenqanku?
5. imastatah nocianCah ilunakuna mana hamunanta munananCah?
6. imatatah ninku q "apa.h Iahtakunamanta yaC?h i4unakuna?
7. mana Cey hina Cehnina-kuy hamohtin, imaynatahhamoh watekuna kanqanku?
Listening-1n man6ay hater, fiestayku Cayaykurimusgan. tukuy key orqo
k'uCunehpi kawsah Punakuna sumahteilan suyaykusqayku hatun
fyestaykuta. kay k'uCunehpi kawsahkunehpataqa san pedro fyesta
aswan hatun fye'sta. 8ay hina p'ulAay Cayamohtin, Eawpah
tutenmanta paCaila Ceypis, sumah 6"ahwarapi kawsarisqayku.
kampanas, kamaretaswan, kuwetilus, bandawan, manan samaspa
quaparencianku kinsa p'unCayta. may C"ikanta uh tutapi,
ha.tuCaCah kurkustapuni fup"ariCispa, haqay orqc puntapi
kanarimusqayku. wakes uwehas weciunanku tiyan, terpu papapuni 23.15
wayklu-konqa,fanegasaramantatah may sumah 114uwa-konqa. ahnatanoclaykoqasan pedro patronniykohpafyestanta fluwari-kuy yaCayku. qampismunaspaqa hamuray. tukupah mikuuna,tukuypah uhyanantin qasilapikancianku.
Convervat ions I.
A. They arelooking fora steward. B. What isthat?
A. The man whowill take charge of thefiesta nextyear, B. For that they haveto choose theone who is richest. II.
A. Do you knowhow to give (make) the fiestajust fine? B. The fiestadependson the steward. A. Don'tyou men know howto collect good fiesta? money in orderto give a
B. Yes, we collectit, but the steward putsin muchmore. III.
A. Wouldyou like togo to the bonfire? B. Yes, let'sgo, they sey there will also becholitas there. A. Yes, I knowwho willgc. B. Then at dusk you will come byfor me. Cochabamba Bolivia
UNIT TWENTY FOUR
Dialogue
Don Rod& is home froma trip abroad. Alejo comes to welcome him. R,. Rod6n. A. Alejo.
R. Who is it? pitah?
A. Me. noqa.
What is it? (What do.you.say?)imatatah ninki?
A. answer kontestay
Who is answering me? pitah aaytd kontestamuwascianri?
Well, theowner of the wasiyoh ari. .house.
A. voice bos
4 Whose voice is that? It's pitah aay lina bosniyohri? Don RodOn, probably. don foe., sinaqa.
R. It's him, thesame one, paypuni ari, kikilampuni it wouldn't be anothel.. mana wahau kanqd.
24.1 24.2
A. resemble i4iPaCiy
But because of your accent pero nogg Cay bosniykimantaqa it sounded like someone else. as wahmantah d.
R. I often change my accent. mudas beses noqaqa kambiyalani bosniytaqa.
someone from Tarija tariheflo
someone from Santa Cruz krusexio
become tukuy
I become someone from Tarija tariheBomanpis krusefiomanpis or Santa Cruz. tukuytaqa tukulani noqaqa.
A. Every time you get drunk sapa maaaykuspadd bosniykitd you change your accent. kambiyawah.
R. English inglis
When I get drunk I not only maCaykuspaqa manan CayIataCu speak that, I even speak parlani, asta inglistapis, English and everything. tukuy imatapis parlalani noqaqa.
A. a few days ago qan impa
get involved mete-kuy
But we were speaking to pero may ima leaCata each other so nicely. parla-kusarganCah qanimpa. Why do you meddle with imapahtah qan inglismen English? mete-kunki g? 2443
R. Well, in order to learn imayna/amantapis ya6ari-kunapah somehow. ari.
son Curl.
understand hap'eqay But, as you know, thesons pero, yaanki hina halp'ah of the land have to 6urinkunaqa hap'egana understand wherewe are, kason kay maypi6us kanCah, where we ere born. maymanta6us nasi-kun6ah.
We have to talkthe language haWanaahpa siminta of our native land. parla-kunan6ah tiyan ari.
R. foreign, foreigner estranhero
Yes,. as for speaking, I ari, parlaytaqa parlalani,pero speak, but I want to noqaqa munani estranhero learn foreign languages. simitapis parlari-kuyta.
A. If it is so, that's the aaytah hinaqa, hina kasonki way it is. ari.
while watuy
turn one's back wasanaay
Born sometimeago and then unaypi nasi-kuh, watuylata disappearing for a while, 6inkaspatah halp'anta he turns his backon his wasan6apuh. country.
nonsense sonsera
You are talkingnonsense, sonsergs parlasqanki,tats Don Alejo. Aren't we alehos manaCu kunitampipis speaking in the language halp'a simin6ahpi of our country rightnow? parla-kusqandahri? FTi
24
A. whitblond perscn k'anka But when you get drunk you pero imatahma6aykurispaqa don't know your friends, manafian fehsi-kdy munanki6u, and speaking English you inglistatah oq "arispa just want to become a Yanki. k'ankalaman tukdy munanki.
R. companion kompaEeru Since when have I been your mayta kunan nogg kompaBeru equal? masiykiau kasoni imatah?
And coming from far away we karumanta h.amuspatahri wah hina become a different kind of tuna& kutimun6ah ari. man. Or does one travel hinarapahau fin6ah, imatahri? 2 for nothing?
A. That is what I tell you, aaytah 6aytapuni niykitahqa, and you will always like qantatah aaypuni6d that, to leave your home gustasunkiman, wasinta Battey, and travel to far away karu halp'asta purimuy. lands.
R. observe ohserbay
Why should we talk about imapahEa ni imatapis parlasun, anything, Don Alejo. Your tata aleho. hamuriwaspatah, coming to see me, wasn't manad ohserbahau hamuwarqanki. just to look at me.
A. glass basu
drink tomay
No, it wasn't just for that. nitah Cayta mask'ahtahCu ari. I said. He comes from so Cnika karumanta Cayamusan, far, that I would drink a hina uh basu aq"atd kumpa glass of chicha with fodowan tomayaffrignian Compadre Rod6n. nemani. 21K5
a. "comadre" kuma (onomatopoetic word)
In that case, they say hina Cay entonsis kumd chicha is very good pulikahpi aq"a tiw at Comadre Pulika's. niriscian ninku.
A, arrival regada
Then, let's go drink to aay eptonsis arf. tomaykurimuna your good arrival.. rJumah regadaykipah. 214..6
Dialogue Review
R. pitah?
A. noqa.
R. imatatah ninki?
A. pitah Caytd kontestamuwasganrf?
R. wasiyoh ari.
A. pitah Cay hina bosniyohri? don i4od6 sinaqa.
R. paypuni ari, kikilampuni, mana wahCu kanqd.
A. pero nogg 6ay bosniykimantaqa as wahmantahriC'aCipuyki g.
R. mu6as beses noqaqa kambiyalani bosniytala. tarihefiomampis kruseEomampis tukuytaqa tukuIani noqaqa.
A. sapa maCaykuspa6d bosniykitd kambiyawah.
R. ma6aykuspaqa manan Caylata6u parlani, asta inglistapis, tukuy imatapis parlaIani noqaqa.
A. pero may ima k'a6ata parla-kusargan8ah qanimpa. ilqapahtah qan inglisman mete-kunki d?
R. imaynalamantapis yaari-kunapah ari.
A. pero, yaanyi hina halp'ah 6urinkunaqa hap'egana kascian kaymaypicuskanCah, maymantaCus nasi-kunCah. haIp'an6ahpa siminta parla-kunaCah tiyan ari.
R. ari, parlaytaqa parlarani, pero noqaqa munani estranDero simitapis parlari-kuyta.
A. Caytah hinaqa9 hina kasqanki ari. unaypi nasi-kuh, watuylata Cinkaspatah halpganta wasanCapuh.
R. sonserds parlasqanki, tata aleho. mana6u kunitampipis halp'a simin6ahpi parla-kusgan6ahri?
A. pero imatah ma6aykurispaqa manafian rehsi-kdy munanki6u, inglistatah oq "arispa k'anCaIaman tukdy munanki. 24.7
R. mayta kunan noqd kompaiero masiykidu kasoniimatdh? karumanta hamuspatahri wah hinarunana kutimun5ah ari; hinarapahCu rincah, imatahri?
A. aaytah aaytapuni niykitahqa, qantatah aaypuniad gustasunkiman, wasinta saqey, karuhalp'asta puriwuy.
11. imapahigia ni imatapis parlasun, aleho. hamuriwaspatah, manaad ohserbahcu hamuwarqanki.
A. nitah Cayta maskiabtahCu ari. duika karumanta aayamusan,
hina uh basu aquatd kumpa Podowan torrykamuyman nerqani. .
R. hina Cay entonsis kumd pulikahpi aqua tiw nirisqan
A. aay entonsis ari. tomaykurimuna sumah Iegadaykipah. 24.8
Grammar Review
Response drill based on dialogue 24.
1. pitah Cawpi tutata don fodoh punkunta takaykusgan?
2. bosninmantaqa don aleho fehsfy atiianCu don fodota?
3. sapa maCaykuspa imatatah bosninta kambiyah Tuna pariah kasqa?
4. Cayta uyarispa imatd nerqa don aleho?
5. imatatah halp'ah Curinkuna fuwananku kasqa?
6. imaraykutah don Todd mana harpgampa simimpi parla-kdy munan6u?
7. imayna funatah kay don fod6 kasqa?
8. halp'aykehpa simin gustasunkiCu?
9. imaraykutah q"eswata yaZdy munaki?
10. ima niwanki? antrupdlogo? ima Cayri?
Reading selection
"imapahtah wah simf yaaa-kun6ah?"
NEW WORDS
simi mouth, language' parlay 'talk'
q"eswa 'Quechua' ura 'down, bQlow'
mete-kuy 'meddle' aimpaykuy 'approach'
imapahtah wah simi ya6ankunCah? Why we learn another language? kay q "eswa simiywantahri i6a Perhaps I am only giving you qankunamanqa uma nanaylata a headache with my Quechua gosqayki6ahman. language. manamin t'Sayqa hu6ayCu. That is not my fault. 24.9
Cay Nina k'aCa simiyoh kasqaspa1 Having such a beautiful language qankunapuni mete-kuy munargankidahyou wanted to meddle with this kay indyukunah parlayninman. Indian language. yabayniyki6ahpi yanapariylata Wanting to help you in your munaspatah noqapis tukuy learning, I have done all kaykunata fuwaripuyki6ah, this for you. sumah sonclota, sumah umatawan May God give you kind hearts dyus tatan6ah gosunkiCah, and good understanding, so us9aylapi kay simita that learning this language yacarqospa, wah gringu quickly, and teaching other masisniyki6ahman qankunapis foreigner like you the same ya6ayta kikilanmanta.tah way, you will come to those qorispa, haqay ura3 Southern lands. halpiakunanehman hamurinaykiCahpah. imaraykuaus f,unaqa Because we can know other parlanari-kuspala ilehsina-kdy people by talking to one atinCah, wah simita yaaa-kuhtah another, and to learn wah fiunahpa kawsayninmanta another language is to yaaarfy munay, wish to begin to know about the life of other people. kay ya6ay wasitah, kay kornel This place of learning this sutiyoh unibersidadtahrii university called Cornell tukuypah sumah kananta yuyaspa, thinking about the well being aswan karu halp'aspi of all (men) has its men of kawsa-kohkunahpa simisninta learning bring the speech of yaCahi4unakunawan.apari6imun. those who live in far away qankunamantah Cay fiunakuna lands. And those men teach tukuy imayna simismanta you languages of all sorts yaCayta gosunkiCah, karu so that you will come near halp'aspi kawsah'i4unakunaman men of-far away lands, so Cimpaykurinayki6ahpah, uh that one man will know tuna wah i4unah kawsayninman about the life of another yaCapampah, tukuynintin man, and so that respect Iahtakunapitah k "uyaylan and love will grow in all wifianampah. lands.
NOTES
1Lit. 'That way beautiful mouth with being' i.e. 'Having such a beautiful language'.
2 yaCavta goy 'give knowledge' i.e. 'teach'.
3'down' i.e. toward the South. CNI .,m-quw,r,srmewpwac,
24.10
imapahtah wah simf yaCa-kuna6ah?"
kay q "eswa simiywantahri iCa qankunamanqa uma nanaylata
gosqayki6ahman, manamin Cayqa huCay6u, 6ay hina k'a6a simiyoh kasqaspa qankunapuni mete-kdy munarganki6ah kay indyukunah
parlayninaman. yaCayniykiCahpi yanapariylata munaspatah, roqapis
tukuy kaykunata fuwaripuykiCah. sumah sonqota, sumah umatawan
.!2 diyus tatanCah gosunki6ah, usqayIapi kay simita ya6argospa,
wah gringu masisnlykiCahman qankunapis ya6ayta kikilanmantatah qorispa, hagay ura halp'akunanehman hamurinaykiCahpah. imaraykuCus
funaqa parlanari-ktIsnala fehsina-kuy atinCah, wah simita
ya6akuht h wah i4unahpa kawsayninmanta yaCarfymunay, kay yaCay wasitah, kay kornel sutiyoh universidadtahri, tukuypah sumah
kananta yuyaspa, aswan karu halp'aspi kawsa-kohkunahpa simisninta yaCah funakunawan apa.21Cimun. qankummantah Cay funakuna tukuy imayna simismanta yaCayta gosunkiCah, karu halp'aspi kawsah
funakunaman CimpaykurinaykiCahpah, uh funa wah funah
kawsayninman.yaCanapah, tukuynintin rahtakunapitah k "uyaylan
munaylah wifianampah. .
Listening-In
haqay don fodcin k'ankaspa lahtanmanta 6ayaykamusqa.
fikuriwahCah kunanqa, mama& halpianCahpa simimpipisparlari-kuyta
munanCu Cay hoberokuna similampiEa, inglislapina, parldymunan. pero ahnalapuni karqa kay don fodonqa, hu6tuy kasqanmanta pa6a 24.11
wah rahtasrata purikaaykuygustan. may"ika unaymanta kunampis aayaykamuscian.,
A. hina manaau sumah regadatai4uwargamusunman kay don i4odota.
B. maytatah pero. maCaykuspaqa inglisramanEa sat'i-konga, nocianaahtahmanan hapieclay atisun.,5u ni parlascialantapis, haku antis doEa polikahman aaypiiskayniranaah uhyaykamusunman, aq "apis tiwnirisclan ninku.
A. pero doEa polikahpapitunitahaari don f'odo:flpisqd.
B. baya entOs, imanasuntah,haku Tina, ari.
Conversations
I.
A. Oh, Don Rodont Where are you appearingfrom?
B. Just from over here,Tata Asencio. I came to seemy country. A. How longago is it that you last visitedus?
B. It must besome fifteen years since I left. II.
A. We will drink toyour good arrival, Don Rodon.
B. Alright. Then, let's drink. Let it be toyour health. A. No, to your healthfirst.
B. then to the twoof us, toour health. A. Fine.
III.
A. Why do you want tospeak only in English, DonRodon?
B. I am about to forgetour Quechua language. rAmuresingerriMeteMritlirrnMM,L,
24.12
A. But getting lost forsuch a long time
B. Being thatway that's the way it is, but I'll be remembering in a little bit,probably.
101.211967