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Proquest Dissertations "We are a neglected set", masculinity, mutiny,and revolution in the Royal Navy of 1797 Item Type text; Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Glasco, Jeffery Duane Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 10/10/2021 23:27:19 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/279821 INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMl films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMl a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be renraved, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sectkins with small overlaps. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6' x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrattons appearing in this copy for an additranal charge. Contact UMl directly to order. ProQuest Infonnatkm and Learning 300 North Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 USA 800-521-0600 "WE ARE A NEGLECTED SET', MASCULINITY, MUTINY, AND REVOLUTION IN THE ROYAL NAVY OF 1797 by Jefifrey Duane Giasco Copyright © Jeffrey Duane Giasco 2001 A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 2001 UMI Number; 3023531 Copyright 2001 by Glasco, Jeffrey Duane All rights reserved. UMI' UMI Microform 3023531 Copyright 2001 by Bell & Howell Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. Bell & Howell Information and Leaming Company 300 North Zeeb Road P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 2 THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA ® GRADUATE COLLEGE As members of the Final Examination Committee, we certify that we have read the dissertation prepared by Jeffrey Duane Glasco entitled "We Are a Neglected Set"? Masculinity, Mutiny, and Revolution in the Royal Navy of 1797 and recoamend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Richard Cosgrove -7/3//tfl (J Date Laura Tabili A /} t\ Date / Ortiz Date Date Final approval and acceptance of this dissertation is contingent upon the candidate's submission of the final copy of the dissertation to the Graduate College. I hereby certify that I have read this dissertation prepared under my direction and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement. Dissertation Director Date Laura Tabili 3 STATEMENT BY AUTHOR This dissertation has been submitted in partial fulfillment of requirements for an advanced degree at The University of Arizona and is deposited in the University Library to be made avaUable to borrowers under the rules of the Library. Brief quotations from this dissertation are aUowable without special permission, provided that accurate acknowledgment is made. Requests for permission for extended quotation from or reproduction of this manuscript in whole or in part may be granted by the copyright holder. Signed: 4 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The conq)letion of this dissertation along with all the course work that preceded it was due to the tireless work of Rkhard Cosgrove and Laura Tabili. Over fifteen years ago, Richard Cosgrove opened up my eyes to the wonder of British History. His enthusiasm for both teac^g and history encouraged me to ultimately return to academia and pursue the same path that he had taken. Along the way, he proved to be the finest of mentors. Laura Tabili, more than anyone else, is responsible for my conq)Ietion of the doctoral program at the University of Arizona. At every step of the way, she provided the training, challenge, and personal support necessary to complete such a journey. Had I not had Laura as a mentor and co-head of my program I would have never made it to the end. Davkl Ortiz also greatly aided in the dissertation process by challenging and expanding my conceptual fi'ameworks and theoretkral understandings. Others at Arizona whose influence is reflected in my work include Kevin Gosner, Robert Vignery, Maureen Fitzgerald, ana Jack Marietta. My cohort of graduate students, especially Jodie Kreider, Charles Beem, and Bernard Carpenter, stimulated and contributed to nqr academic development. The original suggestion for the subject of this work came from friend Shane Pinkston. The past and present chairs of the History Department at the University of Arizona, Dr. Helen Nader and Dr. Richard Cosgrove, and the office stafi^ especially Donna Watson, greatly fecilitated my work, and their assistance and support is much apprec^ted. The stafife of the PubUc Record Office, The British Libi^, The Scottish United Services Museum, and the National Maritime Museum acted with the greatest level of professk)nalism and made my research a gratifying experience. 1 would like to especially thank Clive Powell and Alan Giddings of the National Maritime Museum for their exceptional dedkatran and assistance. Alan Gkldings' friendship and hospitality made my trips to England a pleasurable experience. 1 woukl also like to thank Dr. Nicholas Rodger for suggesting that I examine ships' muster books and logs as research sources for project. Finally, 1 would like to thank my parents, friends, and most of all my wife, son, and cats for their support of this project and my other endeavors over the years. 5 DEDICATION To my wife, Sharon Bailey Glasco, for her love and support, sacrifices, and putting up with the land of mushy peas and a broken shower while I researched this project. To our son, James Robert Glasco, whose birth during the midst of the project provided a wonderful distraction, for helping his &ther remember what is truly important in life. To my parents, Rex and Mary Ellen Glasco, for their support during this project, especially their willingness to share their material resources with us during our period of graduate student poverty. 6 TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES 11 ABSTRACT 13 INTRODUCTION. "We Are A Neglected Set" 15 Introduction 15 Historiography 24 Theoretical Premises 38 Thesis 48 CHAPTER 1. "Each Task Has Its Man, and Each Man His Place": The Hierarchical Organization of a Ship's Company 60 Introduction 60 The Ship's Company 65 The Ship's Company: The OfiScers 66 The Ship's Company: The "People" 72 Shipboard Organization of Labor 95 Conclusion 110 CHAPTER 2. "We Are A Neglected Set": The Material Grievances of the Seamen. 112 Introduction 112 Pay 117 Bounties 133 Provisions 135 7 TABLE OF CONTENTS - Continued Medical Care 143 Shore Leave 147 Conclusion. 150 CHAPTER 3. "The Seaman Feels Him-self a Man": The Plebeian Maritime Manhood 153 Introduction 153 Plebeian Maritime Culture 158 Visual Representations of Maritime Culture 161 Plebeian Masculinity 168 Sexuality and Masculinity 182 The Seamen's Cosmology 187 Conclusion 192 CHAPTER 4. "They Would Have No Government, But Their Own Will": Radical Maritime Manhood 194 Introduction. 194 Radical Maritime Masculinity 196 Gender and the Right to Rule 222 Conclusion 234 CHAPTER 5. "Subordination" and "Authority": Punishment in the Royal Navy of the 1790s 237 Introduction. 237 The Courts Martial System. 246 8 TABLE OF CONTENTS - Continued Shipboard Punishment 255 "Starting" 256 Flogging 260 Refractory Companies 272 The Spectacle ot Punishment 280 Conclusion 291 CHAPTER 6. "Recovering Their Lawfiil Rights": The First Phase of the Spithead Mutiny 294 Introduction 294 The First Petitions 296 "A Mutiny in the British Navy!" 313 The Negotiations 328 The Unfinished Mutiny 352 Conclusion 354 CHAPTER 7. "Shipmates, This Has Gone Too Far": The Second Phase of the Spithead Mutiny 360 Introduction 360 "Private Grievances" 361 "A Foul Wind" 366 "The Seamen Had Clearly Seen Their Power" 374 "Blood For Blood" 380 9 TABLE OF CONTENTS - Continued "To What Length They Mean to Cany This Mutiny, God Alone Knows" 398 "We Received the Old Hero As Our Friend" 411 Conclusion 424 CHAPTER 8. "The Flags of Defiance": The First Phase of the Nore Mutiny 427 Introduction 427 "The Worthiest of Commanders" 430 "A Very Great Detriment... of His Majesty's Service" 436 "President of the Fleet" 442 "Three Cheers" 448 "The Confederacy of the Fleet" 458 "Opposition Parties" 469 Conclusion 489 CHAPTER 9. "I Arn and Will Let the Country Know We Are Men": The Second Phase of the Nore Mutiny 493 Introduction. 493 "Having Parted From Admiral Duncan" 496 "The Floating Republic" 506 "Carry the Fleet From This to Some Foreign Kingdom" 526 "Those That Are For Their King and Country and For Me Come Afl" 542 "Examples Wffl Be Made" 557 Conclusion. 566 10 TABLE OF CONTENTS - Continued CONCLUSION 572 "It Was An Easy Matter to Take Her Again" 572 "Root Out Every Just Cause of Dissatisfaction" 582 Summary 586 Conclusion 599 WORKS CITED 606 Manuscript Sources 606 Admiralty Papers, Public Record Office 606 Privy Council Papers, Public Record Office 615 Honw Office Papers, Public Record Office 615 Treasury Solicitor Papers, Public Record Office 616 Bridport Papers, British Library 616 Duncan Papers, Scottish United Services Museum 616 Ships' Logs Collection, National Maritime Museum 616 Manuscript Collection, National Maritnne Museum.
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