What's Modern in Chinese Translation Theory?
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Chapter 5 Sinicization and Indigenization: the Emergence of the Yunnanese
Between Winds and Clouds Bin Yang Chapter 5 Sinicization and Indigenization: The Emergence of the Yunnanese Introduction As the state began sending soldiers and their families, predominantly Han Chinese, to Yunnan, 1 the Ming military presence there became part of a project of colonization. Soldiers were joined by land-hungry farmers, exiled officials, and profit-driven merchants so that, by the end of the Ming period, the Han Chinese had become the largest ethnic population in Yunnan. Dramatically changing local demography, and consequently economic and cultural patterns, this massive and diverse influx laid the foundations for the social makeup of contemporary Yunnan. The interaction of the large numbers of Han immigrants with the indigenous peoples created a 2 new hybrid society, some members of which began to identify themselves as Yunnanese (yunnanren) for the first time. Previously, there had been no such concept of unity, since the indigenous peoples differentiated themselves by ethnicity or clan and tribal affiliations. This chapter will explore the process that led to this new identity and its reciprocal impact on the concept of Chineseness. Using primary sources, I will first introduce the indigenous peoples and their social customs 3 during the Yuan and early Ming period before the massive influx of Chinese immigrants. Second, I will review the migration waves during the Ming Dynasty and examine interactions between Han Chinese and the indigenous population. The giant and far-reaching impact of Han migrations on local society, or the process of sinicization, that has drawn a lot of scholarly attention, will be further examined here; the influence of the indigenous culture on Chinese migrants—a process that has won little attention—will also be scrutinized. -
The Sinicization of Indo-Iranian Astrology in Medieval China
SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS Number 282 September, 2018 The Sinicization of Indo-Iranian Astrology in Medieval China by Jeffrey Kotyk Victor H. Mair, Editor Sino-Platonic Papers Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104-6305 USA [email protected] www.sino-platonic.org SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS FOUNDED 1986 Editor-in-Chief VICTOR H. MAIR Associate Editors PAULA ROBERTS MARK SWOFFORD ISSN 2157-9679 (print) 2157-9687 (online) SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS is an occasional series dedicated to making available to specialists and the interested public the results of research that, because of its unconventional or controversial nature, might otherwise go unpublished. The editor-in-chief actively encourages younger, not yet well established scholars and independent authors to submit manuscripts for consideration. Contributions in any of the major scholarly languages of the world, including romanized modern standard Mandarin and Japanese, are acceptable. In special circumstances, papers written in one of the Sinitic topolects (fangyan) may be considered for publication. Although the chief focus of Sino-Platonic Papers is on the intercultural relations of China with other peoples, challenging and creative studies on a wide variety of philological subjects will be entertained. This series is not the place for safe, sober, and stodgy presentations. Sino-Platonic Papers prefers lively work that, while taking reasonable risks to advance the field, capitalizes on brilliant new insights into the development of civilization. Submissions are regularly sent out for peer review, and extensive editorial suggestions for revision may be offered. Sino-Platonic Papers emphasizes substance over form. We do, however, strongly recommend that prospective authors consult our style guidelines at www.sino-platonic.org/stylesheet.doc. -
Chapter One Introduction
ICT1 21/8/00 6:44 PM Page 1 Chapter One Introduction The past is always altered for motives that reflect present needs. We reshape our heritage to make it attractive in modern terms; we seek to make it part of ourselves, and ourselves part of it; we confirm it to our self-images and aspirations. Rendered grand or homely, magnified or tarnished, history is continually altered in our private interests or on behalf of our community or country. —David Lowenthal, The Past Is a Foreign Country History connects past with present. This connection is established by and, generally, also for the present. Yet, the ways in which his- torians write history vary tremendously: History is and has been written differently for different purposes.1 In order to cast light on present events, for example, one can simply collect and preserve any available information about the past. What prompted Herodotus (484–424? B.C.E.) to write his Histories, as he professed at its outset, was to prevent the memory of the Greeks about their glorious victory over the Persians from falling into oblivion. In China where historical writing has long been an integral part of its civilization, there is a well-known adage, “to know the future in the mirror of the past” (jian wang zhi lai), that expresses a similar desire to remember past events for better understanding the present and 1 ICT1 21/8/00 6:44 PM Page 2 2 INTRODUCTION successfully speculating upon the future. While interest in the past of this sort is shown in many historical cultures, contributing to the development of historical study, it by no means addresses fully the complex relationship between past and present. -
The Changing Status of Women in Taiwan: 1945-2010
The Changing Status of Women in Taiwan: 1945-2010 by Mei-Lien Lu A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Auburn University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Auburn, Alabama May 7, 2012 Key words: women, status, Taiwan, culture, development, democratization Copyright 2012 by Mei-Lien Lu Approved by Cal Clark, Chair, Alumni Professor of Political Science, Director of the MPA Program Cynthia J. Bowling, Associate Professor of Political Science and Ph.D. Program Director Linda F. Dennard, Professor of Political Science at Auburn University-Montgomery Murray Jardine, Jane Dickerson Lanier Professor of Political Science Abstract This dissertation analyzes the economic, social, and political status of women in Taiwan from 1945 to 2010. This research was guided by a theoretical model of how the status of women worldwide is influenced by the extent of patriarchal culture, the level of economic development, and the degree of democratization. Hypotheses drawn from the theoretical model were tested by using data collected from 174 developing and developed nations. Overall, the statistical analysis found that patriarchal culture, economic development, and democratization exert fairly strong influences over some dimensions of women’s status but have little association with others. This implies that the nature of women’s status is complex and complicated because each nation has its own circumstances that are shaped by its historical background, traditional culture, geographic location, and so on. Therefore case studies of individual countries should provide valuable insights into the dynamics of women’s changing status in the contemporary world. This dissertation presents such a case study that analyzes the status of Taiwanese women in terms of social conditions, human and social capital, economic activities, and political participation and power. -
The Discovery of Chinese Logic Modern Chinese Philosophy
The Discovery of Chinese Logic Modern Chinese Philosophy Edited by John Makeham, Australian National University VOLUME 1 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.nl/mcp. The Discovery of Chinese Logic By Joachim Kurtz LEIDEN • BOSTON 2011 This book is printed on acid-free paper. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Kurtz, Joachim. The discovery of Chinese logic / by Joachim Kurtz. p. cm. — (Modern Chinese philosophy, ISSN 1875-9386 ; v. 1) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-90-04-17338-5 (hardback : alk. paper) 1. Logic—China—History. I. Title. II. Series. BC39.5.C47K87 2011 160.951—dc23 2011018902 ISSN 1875-9386 ISBN 978 90 04 17338 5 Copyright 2011 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Global Oriental, Hotei Publishing, IDC Publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers and VSP. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill NV provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to change. CONTENTS List of Illustrations ...................................................................... vii List of Tables ............................................................................. -
Enfry Denied Aslan American History and Culture
In &a r*tm Enfry Denied Aslan American History and Culture edited by Sucheng Chan Exclusion and the Chinese Communify in America, r88z-ry43 Edited by Sucheng Chan Also in the series: Gary Y. Okihiro, Cane Fires: The Anti-lapanese Moaement Temple University press in Hawaii, t855-ry45 Philadelphia Chapter 6 The Kuomintang in Chinese American Kuomintang in Chinese American Communities 477 E Communities before World War II the party in the Chinese American communities as they reflected events and changes in the party's ideology in China. The Chinese during the Exclusion Era The Chinese became victims of American racism after they arrived in Him Lai Mark California in large numbers during the mid nineteenth century. Even while their labor was exploited for developing the resources of the West, they were targets of discriminatory legislation, physical attacks, and mob violence. Assigned the role of scapegoats, they were blamed for society's multitude of social and economic ills. A populist anti-Chinese movement ultimately pressured the U.S. Congress to pass the first Chinese exclusion act in 1882. Racial discrimination, however, was not limited to incoming immi- grants. The established Chinese community itself came under attack as The Chinese settled in California in the mid nineteenth white America showed by words and deeds that it considered the Chinese century and quickly became an important component in the pariahs. Attacked by demagogues and opportunistic politicians at will, state's economy. However, they also encountered anti- Chinese were victimizedby criminal elements as well. They were even- Chinese sentiments, which culminated in the enactment of tually squeezed out of practically all but the most menial occupations in the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882. -
Introduction
Notes Introduction 1. Hobsbawm 1990, 66. 2. Diamond 1998, 322–33. 3. Fairbank 1992, 44–45. 4. Fei Xiaotong 1989, 1–2. 5. Diamond 1998, 323, original emphasis. 6. Crossley 1999; Di Cosmo 1998; Purdue 2005a; Lavely and Wong 1998, 717. 7. Richards 2003, 112–47; Lattimore 1937; Pan Chia-lin and Taeuber 1952. 8. My usage of the term “geo-body” follows Thongchai 1994. 9. B. Anderson 1991, 86. 10. Purdue 2001, 304. 11. Dreyer 2006, 279–80; Fei Xiaotong 1981, 23–25. 12. Jiang Ping 1994, 16. 13. Morris-Suzuki 1998, 4; Duara 2003; Handler 1988, 6–9. 14. Duara 1995; Duara 2003. 15. Turner 1962, 3. 16. Adelman and Aron 1999, 816. 17. M. Anderson 1996, 4, Anderson’s italics. 18. Fitzgerald 1996a: 136. 19. Ibid., 107. 20. Tsu Jing 2005. 21. R. Wong 2006, 95. 22. Chatterjee (1986) was the first to theorize colonial nationalism as a “derivative discourse” of Western Orientalism. 23. Gladney 1994, 92–95; Harrell 1995a; Schein 2000. 24. Fei Xiaotong 1989, 1. 25. Cohen 1991, 114–25; Schwarcz 1986; Tu Wei-ming 1994. 26. Harrison 2000, 240–43, 83–85; Harrison 2001. 27. Harrison 2000, 83–85; Cohen 1991, 126. 186 • Notes 28. Duara 2003, 9–40. 29. See, for example, Lattimore 1940 and 1962; Forbes 1986; Goldstein 1989; Benson 1990; Lipman 1998; Millward 1998; Purdue 2005a; Mitter 2000; Atwood 2002; Tighe 2005; Reardon-Anderson 2005; Giersch 2006; Crossley, Siu, and Sutton 2006; Gladney 1991, 1994, and 1996; Harrell 1995a and 2001; Brown 1996 and 2004; Cheung Siu-woo 1995 and 2003; Schein 2000; Kulp 2000; Bulag 2002 and 2006; Rossabi 2004. -
Nicole Barnes
Nicole Elizabeth Barnes Duke University, Department of History 311 Carr Building, Durham NC 27705 [email protected] 919-684-8102 CURRENT POSITION Assistant Professor, Department of History, Duke University 2014 ~ PAST POSITIONS Scholar in Residence, Department of History, Duke University 2013 – 2014 Visiting Assistant Professor, Department of History, Boston College 2012 – 2014 EDUCATION University of California, Irvine (UCI) Ph.D., Chinese History 2006 – 2012 University of Colorado at Boulder (CU) Dual M.A., Chinese History, 1999 – 2004 Chinese Literature Lewis and Clark College (Portland, Oregon) B.A., French & Spanish, 1994 – 1998 Chinese & East Asian Studies FELLOWSHIPS AND GRANTS UCI Summer Dissertation Fellowship, 2012 U.S. Department of Education Fulbright-Hays Doctoral Dissertation Research Abroad Fellowship, 2010-11 Taiwan National Library Center for Chinese Studies Research Grant for Foreign Scholars, 2010 University of California Pacific Rim Research Program (PRRP) Dissertation Research Grant, 2009-10 UCI Center for Asian Studies Research Grant, 2009-10 UCI International Center for Writing & Translation (ICWT) Summer Research Grant, 2009; 2007 Association for Asian Studies China & Inner Asia Council Travel Grant, 2009-10 Rockefeller Archive Center Grant-in-Aid, 2009 University of California Pacific Rim Research Program (PRRP) Mini-Grant, 2008-09; 2007-08 UCI Humanities Center Research Grant, 2008-09 Taiwan Ministry of Education Huayu Fellowship for language study in Taiwan, 2007 UCI Chancellor’s Fellowship, 2006-2012 Ta-Tuan -
Yan Fu and the Tasks of the Translator
DAVID WRIGHT YAN FU AND THE TASKS OF THE TRANSLATOR INTRODUCTION1 For Yan Fu Nj (1853–1921) 2 , the ideas of Western philosophy and sociology, and above all the evolutionary theories of the Social-Dar- winists, held a deep fascination. The eight major works he translated were, in many cases, steeped in the language of natural science, and the metaphors which their authors used were often taken directly from the fields of biology, chemistry and physics. In the course of his trans- lations Yan Fu had therefore to deal with many dozens of scientific terms. Some already had translations; others he was the first to render in Chinese. The manner in which Yan Fu approached this aspect of the task of translation is of interest for several reasons. He was by far the most influential translator of his generation, admired as much for his Chinese prose style as for his skill as the greatest contemporary interpreter of Western thought. He stands at the watershed between the translations of the missionaries and the early modern government schools and arsenals—carried out between 1840 and 1895—and the wave of scientific translations from Japanese sources which domi- nated the period from 1900 to the May Fourth Movement of 1919. Finally, he himself played a direct though ambiguous role in the proc- ess of standardization of science terminology in China as Head of the State Terminology Bureau and other similar organizations in the dying years of the Qing regime. 1. YAN FU’S WORK AS A TRANSLATOR Yan Fu first encountered Western science in the English-language section of the Fuzhou Shipyard School, where he studied arithmetic, geometry, algebra, analytical geometry, trigonometry, physics, mecha- 1 I am grateful to Joachim Kurtz for his help with finding various sources on Yan Fu, and for his comments on previous drafts of this paper. -
China Perspectives, 51 | January-February 2004 David Pollard, the True Story of Lu Xun 2
China Perspectives 51 | january-february 2004 Varia David Pollard, The True Story of Lu Xun Hong Kong, The Chinese University Press, 2002, 242 p. Sebastian Veg Édition électronique URL : http://journals.openedition.org/chinaperspectives/794 DOI : 10.4000/chinaperspectives.794 ISSN : 1996-4617 Éditeur Centre d'étude français sur la Chine contemporaine Édition imprimée Date de publication : 1 février 2004 ISSN : 2070-3449 Référence électronique Sebastian Veg, « David Pollard, The True Story of Lu Xun », China Perspectives [En ligne], 51 | january- february 2004, mis en ligne le 23 avril 2007, consulté le 21 septembre 2020. URL : http:// journals.openedition.org/chinaperspectives/794 ; DOI : https://doi.org/10.4000/chinaperspectives. 794 Ce document a été généré automatiquement le 21 septembre 2020. © All rights reserved David Pollard, The True Story of Lu Xun 1 David Pollard, The True Story of Lu Xun Hong Kong, The Chinese University Press, 2002, 242 p. Sebastian Veg NOTE DE L’ÉDITEUR Translated from the French original by Philip Liddell 1 David Pollard’s book, the first reliable biography of Lu Xun in a Western language, fulfils a real need, so closely is the subject’s life linked with the great events of the first third of the twentieth century in China. Aimed at the uninformed reader, the biography is written in a pleasant style, free of notes and detailed references to ideological or literary issues in which Lu Xun was involved. It presents a balanced synthesis of Chinese sources, such as Lu Xun’s diary and the memoirs published about him (by his brothers Zhou Zuoren and Zhou Jianren, by his wife Xu Guangping, and by his friends), or of more recent research into various episodes of his life. -
A Case Study of the Chinese (Re)Translations of the Science Text Evolution and Ethics and Other Essays
TranscUlturAl, vol. 12.1 (2020), 48-72. http://ejournals.library.ualberta.ca/index.php/TC From Social Reform to Knowledge Dissemination: A Case Study of the Chinese (Re)translations of the Science Text Evolution and Ethics and Other Essays Hua Tan Huazhong Normal University Introduction The translation of non-literary texts, especially science texts, compared to that of literary texts, tends to receive less attention not only from general readers in public, but also from scholars. One phenomenon of such tendency is that non-literary texts are far less retranslated. Different from literary texts, which could have as many as dozens of retranslations, such as the English novel Jane Eyre, which has more than thirty Chinese retranslations, non-literary texts in general have much fewer retranslations, with many of them never retranslated. The reasons for retranslation of non- literary texts differ from those for literary texts. Literary texts are retranslated, as investigated by many researchers, often because of particular consideration of new target reader groups, language, style, aesthetics, commercial interest, and the like; while non-literary texts tend not to be retranslated for that many different purposes, it is commonly agreed that knowledge dissemination is the major motive behind their retranslations. The earliest study on retranslation in some sense dates back to the 19th century, as in Goethe’s discussion of the three epochs of the translation of foreign literature (Robinson, 1997). While more recent studies focusing on retranslation have flourished since the 1990s, increasing with a greater impetus in the first decade of the 21st century (Tian), many focus on literary translation, uncovering the motivations of retranslations, examining their reception, investigating the factors that facilitate the retranslation of certain works, and so on. -
T H E a Rt a N D a Rc H a E O L O Gy O F a N C I E Nt C H I
china cover_correct2pgs 7/23/04 2:15 PM Page 1 T h e A r t a n d A rc h a e o l o g y o f A n c i e nt C h i n a A T E A C H E R ’ S G U I D E The Art and Archaeology of Ancient China A T E A C H ER’S GUI DE PROJECT DIRECTOR Carson Herrington WRITER Elizabeth Benskin PROJECT ASSISTANT Kristina Giasi EDITOR Gail Spilsbury DESIGNER Kimberly Glyder ILLUSTRATOR Ranjani Venkatesh CALLIGRAPHER John Wang TEACHER CONSULTANTS Toni Conklin, Bancroft Elementary School, Washington, D.C. Ann R. Erickson, Art Resource Teacher and Curriculum Developer, Fairfax County Public Schools, Virginia Krista Forsgren, Director, Windows on Asia, Atlanta, Georgia Christina Hanawalt, Art Teacher, Westfield High School, Fairfax County Public Schools, Virginia The maps on pages 4, 7, 10, 12, 16, and 18 are courtesy of the Minneapolis Institute of Arts. The map on page 106 is courtesy of Maps.com. Special thanks go to Jan Stuart and Joseph Chang, associate curators of Chinese art at the Freer and Sackler galleries, and to Paul Jett, the museum’s head of Conservation and Scientific Research, for their advice and assistance. Thanks also go to Michael Wilpers, Performing Arts Programmer, and to Christine Lee and Larry Hyman for their suggestions and contributions. This publication was made possible by a grant from the Freeman Foundation. The CD-ROM included with this publication was created in collaboration with Fairfax County Public Schools. It was made possible, in part, with in- kind support from Kaidan Inc.