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Development proposed on arch grounds - Officers elected - Foundation honors award winners --Lewis and Clark Trail Heritage Foundation I www.lewisandclark.org November 2007 Volume 33, N o. 4 OF THERMOMETERS AND TEMPERATURES ON THE EXPEDITION ~~~- '\"' CRUZATTE'S CONTRIBUTIONS FIRE IMPACTS ON THE LANDSCAPE Contents President's Message: Bicentennial is over, but we're just getting started 2 Letters: Murder vs. suicide; Corps of Engineers river management 4 The Eyes of "St. Peter" 6 The "one-eyed" fiddle player's vision seems to have been fine in every instance except for the one in which he shot Captain Lewis By A. Fraser Siehl Fire Impacts on the Bitterroot Valley 12 Choosing the right stream at Decision Point, p. 7 Today's landscape differs greatly from the one viewed by the Corps of Discovery By John Puckett Of Thermometers and Temperatures on the 16 Lewis and Clark Expedition Where and when Lewis obtained thermometers remains a mystery By Robert R. Hunt Dispatches 23 Foundation elects board of directors and selects slate of officers for 2007-08; Foundation honors outstanding achievements and contributions at 39th meeting L&C Roundup 25 Commercial development proposed on Gateway Arch grounds; Forest fire impacted the expedition's view, p. 13 Trail extension study legislation introduced in Congress Reviews 28 Seeking a Newer World: The Fort Osage journals and Letters of George Sibley 1808-1811; Bon Appetit! -AND- The Life and Times of George P Drouillard Lewis and Clark's Shawnee Hunter and Interpreter Annual Meeting 30 Charlottesville area welcomes foundation for 39th annual meeting Soundings 32 Reflections from a past president By Ron Laycock Dr. Antoine Saugrain, p. 20 On the cover This view of the west front of Monticello provides a visual image of a typical winter day during which Thomas Jefferson would have recorded the temperature. He compared his twice-daily readings with data he received from others.including friends abroad and Dr. James Madison at the College of William and Mary. Jefferson's passion for thermometers and weather data is evident in his correspondence dating 25 years before the expedition began. He and his colleagues at the American Philosophical Society envisioned a national meteorological system. President's Message Bicentennial is over, hut we'rejust getting started N ovember 2 007 • Volume 33, Number 4 We Proceeded On is the official publication _/0~ n October 1, a new year (and we are highly committed to of the Lewis and Clark Trail Heritage ~j began for the Lewis and making it so), it will be the first of Foundation, Inc. l cs name derives from Clark Trail Heritage many exc1tmg partnerships with a phnse that appears repeatedly in the collective journals of the expedition. ©2007 Foundation. It is my pleasure and youth organizations. Our Education privilege to serve as your president Committee is gearing up and will be E. G. Chujnard, M.D., Founder for 2008. Occasionally when I explain defining ongoing Lewis and Clark­ ISSN 02275-6706 the tasks I have taken on, some based programs that will appeal to Editor have asked, "Why now? Isn't the educators and youth in our trail states Wendy M. Raney P.O. Box 3434 bicentennial over? Aren't Lewis and and beyond. Great Falls, MT 59403 Clark finished?" My answer is always We ARE the Keepers of the Story. 406-454-1234 a resounding, "NO, the The bicentennial taught us w [email protected] Lewis and Clark story is many things. One of the most Volunteer Proofreaders just getting started!" important is that we have to H . Carl Camp Have we all been a little tell the whole story, not just Jerry Garrett "burned out" recently? the part we remember from Printed by PRISM Color Corporation, Of course! H as much of our history books. Moo restown, New Jersey our energy the past 10 ,.:; The National Council Eo1TO RLAI.. BoARD years focused solely on the for the Lewis and Clark James J. Holmberg, leader bicentennial and honoring Bicentennial and the Louisville, Kentucky the expedition's story, National Park Service were Robert C. Carriker its complexity and its Seaberg committed to asking tribes Spokane, Washington diversity? Yes! However, to tell their stories in their Glen Lindeman Pullman, Washington now that we have a post-bicentennial own words. They highlighted the year under our belts and can reflect dedication of not only the military Membership Information back, it is obvious that the bicentennial corps, but also that of Sacagawea Membership in the Lewis and Clark Trail was just the beginning. It was the and York during the commemorative Heritage Foundation, Inc. is open to the catalyst that launched hundreds of years. The foundation's board of public. Information and applications are available by writing Membership thousands of unsuspecting children directors and I are committed to Coordinator, Lewis and Clark Trail H eritage and adults into a world of exciting carrying this important lesson into Foundatio n, P.O. Box 3434, Great Falls, MT living history, family recreation, a the third century. The Diversity 59403. better understanding of their tribal Committee soon will be making We Proceeded On, the quarterly magazine neighbors, and conservation of our recommendations as to how the of the Foundation, is mailed to current beautiful and endangered land. The foundation can better interact with members in February, May, August, and N ovember. Articles appearing in this journal bicentennial years set the stage for an tribes as we move forward. arc abstracted and indexed in HtsTORlCAl.. incredible third century! We ARE the Stewards of the Trail ABSTRACTS and AME RI CA: H ISTORY AND LIFE. Now, more than ever, our historic and, trust me, it is a daunting task. Annual Membership Categories: trail is in1portant to the youth of Our trail is already long, but it will our country. If you don't believe be even longer when we can officially Student $30 Library/Nonprofit $40 this statement, I suggest you read include the Eastern Legacy states. Individual $49 a book Stephenie Ambrose Tubbs Working within the congressional Fami ly/International $65 recommended to me at the annual arena is a complex and demanding H eritage C lub $1 00 meeting, Last Child in the Woods, by process, but we are committed to Explorer Club $150 Jefferson C lub $250 Richard Louv. I am reading it now, making this happen. Wendy Raney Discovery Club $500 and it tells an alarming story. We and the Eastern Legacy Committee Expedition C lub $1,000 need to get children out on the trail. continue to make consistent, albeit Leadership Club $2,500 It is important to the wellness of our slow, progress in this area. T he Lewis and Clark Trail Heritage Foundation, nation to get them out there. Their The amount of interpretation Inc. is a tax-exempt nonprofit corporation. Individual membership dues are not tax deductible. parents will follow. The partnership along the trail has doubled and The portion of premium dues over $49 is tax that we have formed with the Boy tripled. Preservation of these valuable deductible. Scouts of America is an important resources is important, and the Trail step. If this partnership is successful Stewardship Committee is very active 2 ~ We Proceeded On November 2007 FULL-COLOR and committed to preserving the trail. members of this organization. Did PRINTS As the National Park Service's Lewis we lose a few members and chapters • Significant • Uniforms and Clark Challenge Cost Share after the bicentennial? Of course, it events on the of the Corps program comes to an end, we will was expected. The exciting news is Lewis & of Discovery. constantly be looking for new ways to that our staff had six new-chapter Clark Trail. fund trail stewardship. Thanks to the inquiries at the annual meeting in efforts of Dr. Robert August. With our A rchibald, the expanding emphasis Nati on al Council for on wellness, youth, the Lewis and Clark cultural diversity Bicentennial and the and trail programs, Missouri Historical I know the future is Society gave us $1.6 extremely bright. million from the The foundation U.S. Mint coin sales is blessed with a to be held in trust solid, committed for trail stewardship board of directors, activities. Each a small but talented year we are allowed to transfer staff, a beautiful new national office approximately $80,000 from trust and wonderful federal partners. earnings into our general budget to My door and those of the staff fund trail-related initiatives. That is are truly "open. " We want to visit MICHAEL HAYNES extremely important when you realize local chapters, both at regional and www.mhaynesart.com. that by the end of 2008, we will have individual chapter meetings. The lost $250,000 per year in Park Service Membership Committee is working Challenge Cost Share grant money hard to develop new membership that funded specific programming in options. Give them your ideas-they our foundation budget. will listen. I encourage you to get Financial independence is critical involved. to our organization's future. The If you are interested in a particular Third Century Campaign to raise foundation committee, go online and a $5-million endowment is now e-mail a committee chairperson. If in full swing. You will be hearing you have ideas, shoot them our way. much more about it in the coming I can't promise that we will be able to months. I cannot stress it too many act on each suggestion immediately, times - this campaign is critical to but we are interested in them all. the foundation's financial health and Be persistent, but also be patient. solvency. To continue to fund our Remember, our staff is small and our small but incredibly talented staff, plate is very full.
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