Fur Trapping and the Corps of Discovery

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Fur Trapping and the Corps of Discovery Colter's Run -- Private John Newman -- LCTHF 40th Annual Meeting Lewis and Clark Trail Heritage Foundation I www.lewisandclark.org November 2008 Volume 34, No. 4 Fur Trapping and the Corps of Discovery I d \\I It H I I KARL BOOMER, BEAVER ~UTDNTHE MISSOURI, ENGRAVING WITH AQUA.TINT. HANO-COLORED lVIGNETTE XVIII COURTESY OF JOSLYN ART MUSEUM, OMAHA, NEBRASKA Contents President's Message: Trail is at the heart of our focus on the future 2 Letters: A motive for Lewis's murder; the Experiment 4 The Life of John Colter 6 Colter"s Race, p. 7 Better known for his exploits after the expedition, Colter's heart remained in the West he explored with the Corps of Discovery Bylany E. Morris Moonlighting on the Lewis and Clark Expedition 16 In the early days of the expedition, Corps of Discovery members realized trapping was a lucrative industry By Jim Hardee John Newman: "A Man of Uncommon 24 Activity and Bodily Strength" "Mutinous" activity put an early end to his service with the Lewis and Clark Expedition, but he later enjoyed a successful fur trade / '"" career in the shadow of their 1804-1805 winter encampment American beaver, p. 17 By Richard K. Stenberg ' Dispatches 30 Brooke to serve as president in 2008-2009; three elected to board of directors; awards at 40th annual meeting recognize and honor members' achievements Annual Meeting 34 Foundation headquarters, Portage Route Chapter host 40th annual meeting Soundings 36 Native Voices Endowment announces first five awards Fort Clark, p. 27 On the cover Artist Karl Bodmer depicted beaver and their lodge on July 17, 1833, on his way up the Missouri River from Fort Union to Fore McKenzie. Swiss-born Bodmer was engaged by Prince Alexander Philipp Maximiliam specifically to provide a record of his travels in North America, principally among the Plains Indians. President's Message Trail is at the heart of our focus on the future N ovember 2008 • Volume 34, Number 4 We Proceeded On is the official pu blication of the Lewis and Clark Trail H eritage - love this trail! It's why I became new chapter charters to renewing our Foundation, Inc. Its name derives from a Foundation member in the partnership with the National Park a phrase that appears repeatedly in the first place. The trail has meant Service and actively participating collective journals of the expedition. © 2008 L E. G. Chuinard, M.D., Founder so much to my family over the years. in our Third Century Campaign, ISSN 02275-6706 In fact, we're a closer family because Karen worked tirelessly to ensure of it. I became a Foundation member our actions were Editor .-i Wendy M. Raney when I saw a fellow in a convenience done correctly P.O . Box 3434 store m Fort Benton, Montana, and in accordance Great Falls, MT 59403 wearing a vest with the Lewis and with our by-laws. 361-221-9322 C lark Trail H eritage Foundation logo. H aving worked [email protected] Later I learned that man was Ron closely with Karen Volunteer Proofreaders Laycock, a former president of this the past two years H. Carl Camp Jerry Garren Foundation. I "Googled" the name on the board, I I saw on Ron's vest and immediately can say that she Printed by PRISM Color Corporation, became an LCTH F member through loves this trail Moorestown, New Jersey Brooke the Web site. That was six years ago, passionately. I am EDITORIAL BOARD and I have enj oyed my membership grateful she will be on our board for James J. Holmberg, leader immensely ever since. another year as past-president. Thank Louisville, Kentucky I bet there are many of you reading you, Karen-from all of us-for your Robert C. C arriker Spok ane, Washington this column who have a similar story service. I know I have very large shoes Glen Lindeman about how you became a Foundation to fill! Pullman, Washington member, and how you encouraged As we enthusiastically enter the others to join. The trail offers so much: Membership Information Third C entury since the Corps of a fantastic story, beautiful scenery, D iscovery, it is important to consider Membership in the Lewis and C lark Trail a history rich with legacies and fun where we need to go from here. Dur­ H eritage Foundation, Inc. is open to the public. Information and applications anecdotes, strong links to our N ative ing my term as p resident, I w ill focus are available by writing Membership American heritage and more. The trail like a laser on the four major elements Coordinator, Lewis and Clark Trail H eritage represents a true common bond for all that make our Foundation a success Foundation, P.O. Box 3434, Great Falls, MT of us. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ in carrying out our 59403. So, it is with a ... being on the trail ... literally v1s10n: Membership, We Proceeded On, the quarterly magazine humble but passion­ Foundation Chapters, of the Foundation, is mailed to current Finances, and Trail members in February, May, August, and ate heart that I assume changedt hed irectionO f my life. November. Articles appearing in this journal the office of president Stewardship and Edu­ are abstracted and indexed in HISTORICAL of the Foundation's board of direc­ cation. Nothing else happens unless ABSTRACTS and Afy[ERI CA: H ISTORY AN D tors. The trail is an important national those maj or pillars of our Foundation LIFE. treasure. Our Foundation vision state­ are successful, healthy and vibrant. Annual Membership Categories: ment is clear and unfettered: to pro­ Your board meetings and activities Student $30 vide "national leadership as keepers of will be structured to make those four Libr ary/Nonprofit $40 the story, stewards of the Lewis and areas the focus of all we do. Individual $49 Clark National Historic Trail ... " I Ensuring the Foundation's growth Family/International $65 H eritage Club $100 view this as no less important to our will require effort from everyone. This Explorer C lub $150 country than the mission of the Corps is not just a board function. To grow, J efferson Club $250 of Discovery. They accomplished we must-asweused to say in my N avy Discovery C lub $500 their mission. O ur sacred duty now is flying days - "push the envelope." We Expedicioo Club $1,000 Leadership Club $2,500 to ensure their legacy is preserved and will call upon the best and brightest nurtured for all who follow us. in our Foundation to help us along The Lewis and Clark Trail H eritage Foundation, Inc. is a taX-exempt nonprofit corporation. We have been so fortunate this past the way. We have wonderful resources Individual membership dues are not tax deductible. year to have Karen Seaberg as our within our Foundation, and I intend The portion of premium dues over $49 is tax deductible. president to guide us in placing the to tap them. I am grateful that we Foundation on solid legal and financial have a very active and engaged board footing. From the development of of directors and dedicated staff to 2 ~ We Proceeded On November 2008 Jim Brooke floated the upper Missouri River through the White Cliffs region with his sons and has been passionate about the trail and the Foundation ever since. ~ provide the leadership necessary to Foundation President Jim Brooke Why Sacagawea ensure success. recently announced the organization's ... Deserves Of course, underpinning our committees and key leaders for 2008- the DaY. Off activities will be fun and enjoyment of , 2009. They are as follows: " and Other ..,'!' Lessons from the trail. There is a special joy I know Annual Meeting the Lewis & all of us share in our experiences on Barb Kubik, [email protected] this fantastic trail. All the books and Clark Trail Awards videos about this important historical Ken J utzi, [email protected] event are wonderful, but nothing compares to being on the trail. I Diversity Ad'Visory know that first hand. That experience Chris Howell, [email protected] literally changed the direction of Education my life. Along the way, I have met Jay Buckley, [email protected] the dearest friends I have-you, our Financial Affairs Foundation members! Jerry Robertson, I encourage each of us to take time [email protected] to enjoy the trail during the com_ing Governance year, and convince our friends to jo!n ~ Jane Weber, [email protected] us. I'll report on the progress of our LCNHT Completion four major pillars in subsequent \VPO Jim Mallory, [email protected] editions. Meantime, please feel free to Membership contact me by e-mail at jamesrbrooke@ Jim Rosenberger, [email protected] aol.com or by telephone at 719- Past Presidents 963-8528 with any suggestions or Ron Laycock, [email protected] comments. Living History I look forward to serving to the best Bud Clark, [email protected] of my abilities and to working with all of you, while having fun, to achieve Third Century Campaign our goals. Jim Brooke, [email protected] -Jim Brooke Trail Stewardship President, LCTHF Dick Fichtler, [email protected] November 2008 We Proceeded On ~ 3 Letters The Lewis and Clark Trail Heritage Foundation, Inc. Amotive for Lewis's murder: the Experiment P.O. Box 3434, Great Falls, MT 59403 406-454-1234 I 1-888-701-3434 I have believed that Meriwether Lewis Austin, a mine operator from Virginia, Fax: 406-771-9237 www.lewisandclark.org was murdered ever since I read Vardis had established his land claim under the The mission of the LCTHF is: Fisher's book, Suicide or Murder? For Spanish government.
Recommended publications
  • Mountain Man Clymer Museum of Art It Has Been Said That It Took Rugged, Practically Fearless Individuals to Explore and Settle America’S West
    HHiiSSTORTORYY— PaSt aNd PerspeCtive John Colter encountering some Indians The First Mountain Man Clymer Museum of Art It has been said that it took rugged, practically fearless individuals to explore and settle America’s West. Surely few would live up to such a characterization as well as John Colter. by Charles Scaliger ran, and sharp stones gouged the soles of wether Lewis traveled down the Ohio his feet, but he paid the pain no mind; any River recruiting men for his Corps of Dis- he sinewy, bearded man raced up torment was preferable to what the Black- covery, which was about to strike out on the brushy hillside, blood stream- foot warriors would inflict on him if they its fabled journey across the continent to ing from his nose from the terrific captured him again. map and explore. The qualifications for re- Texertion. He did not consider himself a cruits were very specific; enlistees in what In 1808, the year John Colter ran his fast runner, but on this occasion the terror race with the Blackfeet, Western Mon- became known as the Lewis and Clark of sudden and agonizing death lent wings tana had been seen by only a handful of expedition had to be “good hunter[s], to his feet. Somewhere not far behind, his white men. The better-known era of the stout, healthy, unmarried, accustomed to pursuers, their lean bodies more accus- Old West, with its gunfighters, cattlemen, the woods, and capable of bearing bodily tomed than his to the severe terrain, were and mining towns, lay decades in the fu- fatigue in a pretty considerable degree.” closing in, determined to avenge the death ture.
    [Show full text]
  • History of Navigation on the Yellowstone River
    University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 1950 History of navigation on the Yellowstone River John Gordon MacDonald The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation MacDonald, John Gordon, "History of navigation on the Yellowstone River" (1950). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 2565. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/2565 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. HISTORY of NAVIGATION ON THE YELLOWoTGriE RIVER by John G, ^acUonald______ Ë.À., Jamestown College, 1937 Presented in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Mas­ ter of Arts. Montana State University 1950 Approved: Q cxajJL 0. Chaiinmaban of Board of Examiners auaue ocnool UMI Number: EP36086 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMT Ois8<irtatk>n PuUishing UMI EP36086 Published by ProQuest LLC (2012). Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC.
    [Show full text]
  • George Drouillard and John Colter: Heroes of the American West Mitchell Edward Pike Claremont Mckenna College
    Claremont Colleges Scholarship @ Claremont CMC Senior Theses CMC Student Scholarship 2012 George Drouillard and John Colter: Heroes of the American West Mitchell Edward Pike Claremont McKenna College Recommended Citation Pike, Mitchell Edward, "George Drouillard and John Colter: Heroes of the American West" (2012). CMC Senior Theses. Paper 444. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/444 This Open Access Senior Thesis is brought to you by Scholarship@Claremont. It has been accepted for inclusion in this collection by an authorized administrator. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CLAREMONT McKENNA COLLEGE GEORGE DROUILLARD AND JOHN COLTER: HEROES OF THE AMERICAN WEST SUBMITTED TO PROFESSOR LILY GEISMER AND DEAN GREGORY HESS BY MITCHELL EDWARD PIKE FOR SENIOR THESIS SPRING/2012 APRIL 23, 2012 Table of Contents Introduction………………………………………………………………………………..4 Chapter One. George Drouillard, Interpreter and Hunter………………………………..11 Chapter Two. John Colter, Trailblazer of the Fur Trade………………………………...28 Chapter 3. Problems with Second and Firsthand Histories……………………………....44 Conclusion………………………………………………………………………….……55 Bibliography……………………………………………………………………………..58 Introduction The United States underwent a dramatic territorial change during the early part of the nineteenth century, paving the way for rapid exploration and expansion of the American West. On April 30, 1803 France and the United States signed the Louisiana Purchase Treaty, causing the Louisiana Territory to transfer from French to United States control for the price of fifteen million dollars.1 The territorial acquisition was agreed upon by Napoleon Bonaparte, First Consul of the Republic of France, and Robert R. Livingston and James Monroe, both of whom were acting on behalf of the United States. Monroe and Livingston only negotiated for New Orleans and the mouth of the Mississippi, but Napoleon in regard to the territory said “I renounce Louisiana.
    [Show full text]
  • Sandokan the Tigers of Mompracem
    Sandokan The Tigers of Mompracem Sandokan The Tigers of Mompracem Emilio Salgari Translated by Nico Lorenzutti iUniverse, Inc. New York Lincoln Shanghai Sandokan The Tigers of Mompracem All Rights Reserved © 2003 by Nico Lorenzutti No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, or by any information storage retrieval system, without the written permis- sion of the publisher. iUniverse, Inc. For information address: iUniverse, Inc. 2021 Pine Lake Road, Suite 100 Lincoln, NE 68512 www.iuniverse.com SANDOKAN: The Tigers of Mompracem By Emilio Salgari Translated from the Italian by Nico Lorenzutti Edited by Dan Tidsbury Special thanks to Felice Pozzo and Claudio Gallo for their invaluable assistance in the production of this novel. Original Title: Le Tigri di Mompracem First published in serial form in “La Nuova Arena” (1883/1884) ISBN: 0-595-29133-3 Printed in the United States of America “To read is to travel without all the hassles of luggage.” Emilio Salgari (1863-1911) Contents Chapter 1: Sandokan and Yanez ......................................1 Chapter 2: Ferocity and Generosity...................................8 Chapter 3: The Cruiser...................................................16 Chapter 4: Lions and Tigers............................................20 Chapter 5: Escape and Delirium.....................................32 Chapter 6: The Pearl of Labuan ......................................38 Chapter 7: Recovery
    [Show full text]
  • (Not 1St Board)—2Nd Class
    Missouri State Archives Finding Aid 951.2 U.S. RECORDER OF LAND TITLES SECOND BOARD OF LAND COMMISSIONERS PAPERS OF ORIGINAL CLAIMANTS, 1785-1857 Abstract: Papers of original claimants (1785-1857) submitted before the Second Board of Land Commissioners to determine validity of French and Spanish land grants made before the Louisiana Purchase. Extent: 5.6 cubic ft. (10 legal-size Hollinger boxes 2 flat boxes) Physical Description: Paper Location: MSA Rare Documents ADMINISTRATIVE INFORMATION Access Restrictions: No special restrictions. However, some records may be too fragile to be produced or may be undergoing conservation treatment. Publication Restrictions: Copyright is in the public domain. Items reproduced for publication should carry the credit line: Courtesy of the Missouri State Archives. Preferred Citation: [Name], [Class of Decision: 1st or 2nd], [Decision #]; Papers of Original Claimants, 1785-1857; Second Board of Land Commissioners; U.S. Recorder of Land Titles, Record Group 951; Missouri State Archives, Jefferson City. Acquisition Information: Agency transfer. Various accessions. Processing Information: Processing completed by Mary Kay Coker on June 14, 2010. HISTORICAL AND BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES On July 9, 1832, after continued appeal from claimants whose petitions for land had been denied, Congress passed “An Act for the final adjustment of private land claims in Missouri.” It was not, as it turned out, the final adjustment, but it did establish a Second Board of Land Commissioners. PAPERS OF ORIGINAL CLAIMANTS (2nd BOARD),
    [Show full text]
  • Sandokan: the Pirates of Malaysia
    SANDOKAN The Pirates of Malaysia SANDOKAN The Pirates of Malaysia Emilio Salgari Translated by Nico Lorenzutti Sandokan: The Pirates of Malaysia By Emilio Salgari Original Title: I pirati della Malesia First published in Italian in 1896 Translated from the Italian by Nico Lorenzutti ROH Press First paperback edition Copyright © 2007 by Nico Lorenzutti All Rights Reserved No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, or by any information storage retrieval system, without the written permission of the publisher. For information address: [email protected] Visit our website at www.rohpress.com Cover design: Nico Lorenzutti Special thanks to Felice Pozzo and Hanna Ahtonen for their invaluable advice. ISBN: 978-0-9782707-3-5 Printed in the United States of America Contents Part I: The Tiger of Malaysia Chapter 1: The Young India....................................................................1 Chapter 2: The Pirates of Malaysia .........................................................8 Chapter 3: The Tiger of Malaysia ..........................................................14 Chapter 4: Kammamuri’s Tale..............................................................21 Chapter 5: In pursuit of the Helgoland .................................................29 Chapter 6: From Mompracem to Sarawak ............................................36 Chapter 7: The Helgoland.....................................................................45
    [Show full text]
  • Table of Contents (PDF)
    DM - L & C 10/19/15 6:48 PM Page v Table of Contents Preface . ix How to Use This Book . xiii Research Topics for Defining Moments: The Lewis and Clark Expedition . xv NARRATIVE OVERVIEW Prologue . 3 Chapter 1: The Louisiana Purchase . 7 Chapter 2: The Corps of Discovery . 19 Chapter 3: Up the Missouri River, 1804 . 35 Chapter 4: Across the Continent to the Pacific, 1805 . 51 Chapter 5: The Return Journey, 1806 . 71 Chapter 6: Settlement of the West . 91 Chapter 7: Legacy of the Lewis and Clark Expedition . 105 BIOGRAPHIES Toussaint Charbonneau (c. 1760-1843) . 117 Fur Trader and Translator for the Lewis and Clark Expedition William Clark (1770-1838) . 121 Co-Captain and Primary Mapmaker of the Corps of Discovery John Colter (c. 1774-1813) . 125 Explorer, Trapper, and Member of the Corps of Discovery v DM - L & C 10/19/15 6:48 PM Page vi Defining Moments: The Lewis and Clark Expedition George Drouillard (c. 1774-1810) . 129 Interpreter and Hunter for the Lewis and Clark Expedition Patrick Gass (1771-1870) . 133 Sergeant, Carpenter, and Journal Keeper for the Corps of Discovery Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826) . 137 President Who Organized the Lewis and Clark Expedition Meriwether Lewis (1774-1809) . 141 Explorer, Naturalist, and Co-Captain of the Corps of Discovery Sacagawea (c. 1788-1812) . 146 Interpreter and Guide for the Lewis and Clark Expedition York (c. 1770-c. 1822) . 150 Enslaved African-American Member of the Corps of Discovery PRIMARY SOURCES Alexander Mackenzie Inspires American Exploration . 157 President Thomas Jefferson Asks Congress to Fund an Expedition .
    [Show full text]
  • American Expansionism, the Great Plains, and the Arikara People, 1823-1957
    Virginia Commonwealth University VCU Scholars Compass Theses and Dissertations Graduate School 2019 Breakdown of Relations: American Expansionism, the Great Plains, and the Arikara People, 1823-1957 Stephen R. Aoun Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd Part of the Cultural History Commons, Diplomatic History Commons, Other History Commons, and the United States History Commons © The Author Downloaded from https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5836 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at VCU Scholars Compass. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of VCU Scholars Compass. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Breakdown of Relations: American Expansionism, the Great Plains, and the Arikara People, 1823-1957 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Arts at Virginia Commonwealth University By Stephen Robert Aoun Bachelor of Arts, Departments of History and English, Randolph-Macon College, 2017 Director: Professor Gregory D. Smithers, Department of History, College of Humanities and Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond, Virginia April 2019 Table of Contents Introduction ……………………………………………………………………………………… 2 Chapter One Western Expansion and Arikara Identity ………………………………………………. 17 Chapter Two Boarding Schools and the Politics of Assimilation ……...……………………………... 37 Chapter Three Renewing Arikara Identity
    [Show full text]
  • Toussaint Charbonneau (1767- C
    Toussaint Charbonneau (1767- c. 1839-1843) By William L. Lang Toussaint Charbonneau played a brief role in Oregon’s past as part of the Corps of Discovery, the historic expedition led by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark in 1804-1806. He is one of the most recognizable among members of the Corps of Discovery, principally as the husband of Sacagawea and father of Jean-Baptiste Charbonneau, the infant who accompanied the expedition. The captains hired Charbonneau as an interpreter on April 7, 1805, at Fort Mandan in present-day North Dakota and severed his employment on August 17, 1806, on their return journey. Charbonneau was born on March 22, 1767, in Boucherville, Quebec, a present-day suburb of Montreal, to parents Jean-Baptiste Charbonneau and Marguerite Deniau. In his youth, he worked for the North West Company, and by the time Lewis and Clark encountered him in late 1804, he was an independent trader living at a Minnetaree village on the Knife River, a tributary to the Missouri near present-day Stanton, North Dakota. Charbonneau lived in the village with his Shoshoni wife Sacagawea, who had been captured by Hidatsas in present-day Idaho four years earlier and may have been sold to Charbonneau as a slave. On November 4, William Clark wrote in his journal that “a Mr. Chaubonée [Charbonneau], interpreter for the Gros Ventre nation Came to See us…this man wished to hire as an interpreter.” Lewis and Clark made a contract with him, but not with Sacagawea, although it is clear that the captains saw Sacagawea’s great benefit to the expedition, because she could aid them when they traveled through her former homeland.
    [Show full text]
  • A Description of the Fur Trade in 1831 by John Dougherty
    Nebraska History posts materials online for your personal use. Please remember that the contents of Nebraska History are copyrighted by the Nebraska State Historical Society (except for materials credited to other institutions). The NSHS retains its copyrights even to materials it posts on the web. For permission to re-use materials or for photo ordering information, please see: http://www.nebraskahistory.org/magazine/permission.htm Nebraska State Historical Society members receive four issues of Nebraska History and four issues of Nebraska History News annually. For membership information, see: http://nebraskahistory.org/admin/members/index.htm Article Title: A Description of the Fur Trade in 1831 by John Dougherty Full Citation: Richard E Jensen, “A Description of the Fur Trade in 1831 by John Dougherty,” Nebraska History 56 (1975): 108-120. URL of article: http://www.nebraskahistory.org/publish/publicat/history/full-text/NH1975FurTrade.pdf Date: 9/30/2015 Article Summary: In the fall of 1831, the newly appointed Secretary of War, Lewis Cass, requested John Dougherty provide him with general information about the fur trade. The body of this article is his reply and is one of the few contemporary descriptions of the trade west of the Missouri River. Cataloging Information: Names: Lewis Cass, John Dougherty, Thomas Forsyth, Hiram Chittenden, Benjamin O’Fallon, William Clark, Joshua Pilcher, William Henry Ashley, Milton Sublette, Lucien Fontenelle, Andrew Drips, William H. Vanderburgh, Theodore R Davis Keywords: Missouri Fur Company; Office
    [Show full text]
  • Clarks Lookout State Park IEA Lesson Plan
    A Collaborative Effort September 2006 Clark’s Lookout State Park Indian Education For All Lesson Plan Title People and Place: Understanding how human interaction with the land influences culture Content Area Geography Grade levels 9th-12th Duration 5 class periods Goals (Montana Standards/Essential Understandings) Social Studies Content Standard 3: Students apply geographic knowledge and skills (e.g., location, place, human/environment interactions, movement, and regions). Rationale: Students gain geographical perspectives on Montana and the world by studying the Earth and how people interact with places. Knowledge of geography helps students address cultural, economic, social, and civic implications of living in various environments. Benchmarks Students will: 4. Analyze how human settlement patterns create cooperation and conflict which influence the division and control of the Earth (e.g., treaties, economics, exploration, borders, religion, exploitation, water rights). 5. Select and apply appropriate geographic resources to analyze the interaction of physical and human systems (e.g., cultural patterns, demographics, unequal global distribution of resources) and their impact on environmental and societal changes. Essential Understanding 6: History is a story and most often related through the subjective experience of the teller. Histories are being rediscovered and revised. History told from an Indian perspective conflicts with what most of mainstream history tells us. Introduction Projecting above the dense cottonwoods and willows along the Beaverhead River, this rock outcropping provided an opportunity for members of the Lewis and Clark Expedition to view the route ahead. Captain William Clark climbed this hill overlooking the Beaverhead River to scout what lay ahead for the Lewis and Clark Expedition.
    [Show full text]
  • Cherokee 1804
    TREATY WITH THE CHEROKEE, 1804. 73 ln witness whereof, the commissioner plenipotentiary of the United States, and the chiefs and head men of the said tribe have hereunto set their hands and affixed their seals. ' Done at V: incennes, in the Indiana territory, the twenty-seventh day of August, m the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and four, and of the independence of the United States the twenty-ninth. William Henry Harrison, [L. s.] Wabochquinke, la gros bled, or big corn, his x mark, [L. s.] Swekania, trois fesse, or three thighs, his x mark, (L. s.] Maka1A?welama, chien noir, or b~ack dog, his x mark, [L. s.] Alemom, le ch1en, or the dog, his x mark, [L. s.] Kekelanquagoh, or lightning, his x mark, [L. s.] Signed, sealed and delivered in presence of- John Gibson, secretary to the com- George Wallace, jr., of the Indiana Ter- mission, ritory, John Griffin, one of the judges of the Peter Jones, of Knox county, Indiana Territory of Indiana, Ter., . Henry Vanderburg, one of the judges of Edward Hempstead, attorney at law, Indiana Territory, Indiana Ter., B. Parke, attorney general of the Terri- Abraham F. Snapp, tory of Indiana, Joseph Barron, interpreter. William Prince, sheriff of Knox c-ounty, Indiana Ter., I do certify, that each and every article of the :foregoing treaty was carefully explained, and precisely interpreted, by me, to the Pianke- shaw chiefs who have signed the same. ,Joseph Barron, interpreter. TREATY WITH THE CHEROKEE, 1804. Articles of a treaty between the United States of America and the Oct.
    [Show full text]