Phytophthora Tentaculata
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Presidio Phytophthora Management Recommendations
2016 Presidio Phytophthora Management Recommendations Laura Sims Presidio Phytophthora Management Recommendations (modified) Author: Laura Sims Other Contributing Authors: Christa Conforti, Tom Gordon, Nina Larssen, and Meghan Steinharter Photograph Credits: Laura Sims, Janet Klein, Richard Cobb, Everett Hansen, Thomas Jung, Thomas Cech, and Amelie Rak Editors and Additional Contributors: Christa Conforti, Alison Forrestel, Alisa Shor, Lew Stringer, Sharon Farrell, Teri Thomas, John Doyle, and Kara Mirmelstein Acknowledgements: Thanks first to Matteo Garbelotto and the University of California, Berkeley Forest Pathology and Mycology Lab for providing a ‘forest pathology home’. Many thanks to the members of the Phytophthora huddle group for useful suggestions and feedback. Many thanks to the members of the Working Group for Phytophthoras in Native Habitats for insight into the issues of Phytophthora. Many thanks to Jennifer Parke, Ted Swiecki, Kathy Kosta, Cheryl Blomquist, Susan Frankel, and M. Garbelotto for guidance. I would like to acknowledge the BMP documents on Phytophthora that proceeded this one: the Nursery Industry Best Management Practices for Phytophthora ramorum to prevent the introduction or establishment in California nursery operations, and The Safe Procurement and Production Manual. 1 Title Page: Authors and Acknowledgements Table of Contents Page Title Page 1 Table of Contents 2 Executive Summary 5 Introduction to the Phytophthora Issue 7 Phytophthora Issues Around the World 7 Phytophthora Issues in California 11 Phytophthora -
Introduced Weed Species
coastline Garden Plants that are Known to Become Serious Coastal Weeds SOUTH AUSTRALIAN COAST PROTECTION BOARD No 34 September 2003 GARDEN PLANTS THAT HAVE BECOME Vegetation communities that originally had a diverse SERIOUS COASTAL WEEDS structure are transformed to a simplified state where Sadly, our beautiful coastal environment is under threat one or several weeds dominate. Weeds aggressively from plants that are escaping from gardens and compete with native species for resources such as becoming serious coastal weeds. Garden escapees sunlight, nutrients, space, water, and pollinators. The account for some of the most damaging environmental regeneration of native plants is inhibited once weeds are weeds in Australia. Weeds are a major environmental established, causing biodiversity to be reduced. problem facing our coastline, threatening biodiversity and the preservation of native flora and fauna. This Furthermore, native animals and insects are significantly edition of Coastline addresses a selection of common affected by the loss of indigenous plants which they rely garden plants that are having significant impacts on our on for food, breeding and shelter. They are also affected coastal bushland. by exotic animals that prosper in response to altered conditions. WHAT ARE WEEDS? Weeds are plants that grow where they are not wanted. Weeds require costly management programs and divert In bushland they out compete native plants that are then resources from other coastal issues. They can modify excluded from their habitat. Weeds are not always from the soil and significantly alter dune landscapes. overseas but also include native plants from other regions in Australia. HOW ARE WEEDS INTRODUCED AND SPREAD? WEEDS INVADE OUR COASTLINE… Weeds are introduced into the natural environment in a Unfortunately, introduced species form a significant variety of ways. -
Argyranthemum Frutescens
Argyranthemum frutescens (Marguerite daisy, cobbitty daisy) Argyranthemum frutescens is a somewhat short-lived, tender perennial or subshrub that produces daisy-like white flowers with yellow center disks on bushy plants growing 2-3’ tall and as wide. Blooms throughout the summer, The flower is very fragrant, it opens its petals in the morning and closes them at night and it attracts bees. It is a short- lived perennial, used as an annual and prefers well-drained soils in full sun Landscape Information Pronounciation: ar-jur-AN-thuh-mum froo- TESS-enz Plant Type: Origin: Canary Islands Heat Zones: Hardiness Zones: 8, 9 Uses: Border Plant, Mass Planting, Container, Cut Flowers / Arrangements, Rock Garden Size/Shape Growth Rate: Fast Tree Shape: oval, Upright Canopy Texture: Medium Height at Maturity: 0.5 to 1 m, 1 to 1.5 m Plant Image Spread at Maturity: 0.5 to 1 meter Argyranthemum frutescens (Marguerite daisy, cobbitty daisy) Botanical Description Foliage Leaf Arrangement: Alternate Leaf Blade: 5 - 10 cm Leaf Shape: Obovate Leaf Textures: Smooth Leaf Scent: Pleasant Color(growing season): Green Color(changing season): Green Flower Flower Showiness: True Flower Size Range: 3 - 7 Flower Type: Capitulum Flower Scent: Pleasant Flower Color: Yellow, White, Pink Flower Image Seasons: Summer, Fall Fruit Fruit Showiness: False Fruit Colors: Brown Seasons: Fall Argyranthemum frutescens (Marguerite daisy, cobbitty daisy) Horticulture Management Requirements Soil Requirements: Soil Ph Requirements: Water Requirements: Moderate Light Requirements: Full, Part Management Edible Parts: Plant Propagations: Seed, Cutting Leaf Image MORE IMAGES Fruit Image Other Image. -
Host Range and Impact of Dichrorampha Aeratana, the First Potential Biological Control Agent for Leucanthemum Vulgare in North America and Australia
insects Article Host Range and Impact of Dichrorampha aeratana, the First Potential Biological Control Agent for Leucanthemum vulgare in North America and Australia Sonja Stutz 1,* , Rosemarie De Clerck-Floate 2 , Hariet L. Hinz 1, Alec McClay 3 , Andrew J. McConnachie 4 and Urs Schaffner 1 1 CABI, Rue des Grillons 1, CH-2800 Delémont, Switzerland; [email protected] (H.L.H.); [email protected] (U.S.) 2 Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, 5403—1 Ave. S., Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada; rosemarie.declerck-fl[email protected] 3 12 Roseglen Private, Ottawa, ON K1H 1B6, Canada; [email protected] 4 Weed Research Unit, New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Biosecurity and Food Safety, Orange, NSW 2800, Australia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Simple Summary: Oxeye daisy, a Eurasian member of the daisy family, has become invasive in several parts of the world, including North America and Australia. We investigated whether a root-feeding moth found closely associated with oxeye daisy in Europe could be used as a biological control agent for the plant when weedy. We found that the moth could develop on 11 out of 74 plant species that we tested in laboratory conditions when it was given no choice of plants. When the Citation: Stutz, S.; De Clerck-Floate, moths were given a choice of food plants outdoors, we found its larvae only on the ornamentals R.; Hinz, H.L.; McClay, A.; Shasta daisy and creeping daisy. Larval feeding had no impact on the weight and number of flowers McConnachie, A.J.; Schaffner, U. -
Identification of 16Srix-C Phytoplasmas in Argyranthemum
Phytopathologia Mediterranea (2015) 54, 1, 21−27 DOI: 10.14601/Phytopathol_Mediterr-14431 RESEARCH PAPER Identification of 16SrIX-C phytoplasmas in Argyranthemum frutescens in Italy LUCA FERRETTI, ELISA COSTANTINI and GRAZIELLA PASQUINI Agricultural Research Council, Plant Pathology Research Centre (CRA-PAV), Via C. G. Bertero 22, 00156 Roma, Italy Summary. Phytoplasmas are cell wall-less microorganisms associated with plant diseases worldwide. Many im- portant food, vegetable and fruits crops as well as ornamental plants can be severely affected by these pathogens, with significant economic impacts. Phytoplasma diseases of ornamentals have been described worldwide in a wide range of plant genera, and 11 different 16Sr groups have been identified. In Italy, many ornamental plant species belonging to several botanical families have been found to be infected by phytoplasmas, classified into the ribosomal groups 16SrI, 16SrII, 16SrV and 16SrXII. During a survey carried out in commercial gardens in Rome, some marguerite daisy (Argyranthemum frutescens) plants showing symptoms of phytoplasma-like disease, were collected and submitted to molecular analyses. Cloning and sequencing of the portion of the 16S rRNA gene fol- lowed by BLAST analysis, real and virtual restriction fragment length polymorphism anlaysis with AluI and RsaI, allowed assignment of the detected phytoplasma to the 16SrIX-C group (Picris echioides yellows, PEY). Key words: Picris echioides yellows, ornamentals, RFLP analysis, marguerite daisy, sequencing. Introduction Many important food, vegetable and fruit crops, as well as ornamental plants, can be severely af- Phytoplasmas are cell wall-less microorganisms fected by these pathogens, with significant economic belonging to the class Mollicutes, and are associated impacts (Bertaccini and Duduk, 2009), due to subse- with plant diseases worldwide. -
A Legacy of Plants N His Short Life, Douglas Created a Tremendous Legacy in the Plants That He Intro (P Coulteri) Pines
The American lIorHcullural Sociely inviles you Io Celehrate tbe American Gardener al our 1999 Annual Conference Roston" Massachusetts June 9 - June 12~ 1999 Celebrate Ute accompHsbenls of American gardeners in Ute hlsloric "Cay Upon lhe 1Iill." Join wah avid gardeners from. across Ute counlrg lo learn new ideas for gardening excellence. Attend informa-Hve ledures and demonslraHons by naHonally-known garden experts. Tour lhe greal public and privale gardens in and around Roslon, including Ute Arnold Arborelum and Garden in Ute Woods. Meet lhe winners of AIlS's 1999 naHonJ awards for excellence in horHcullure. @ tor more informaHon, call1he conference regislrar al (800) 777-7931 ext 10. co n t e n t s Volume 78, Number 1 • '.I " Commentary 4 Hellebores 22 Members' Forum 5 by C. Colston Burrell Staghorn fern) ethical plant collecting) orchids. These early-blooming pennnials are riding the crest of a wave ofpopularity) and hybridizers are News from AHS 7 busy working to meet the demand. Oklahoma Horticultural Society) Richard Lighty) Robert E. Lyons) Grecian foxglove. David Douglas 30 by Susan Davis Price Focus 9 Many familiar plants in cultivation today New plants for 1999. are improved selections of North American species Offshoots 14 found by this 19th-century Scottish expLorer. Waiting for spring in Vermont. Bold Plants 37 Gardeners Information Service 15 by Pam Baggett Houseplants) transplanting a ginkgo tree) Incorporating a few plants with height) imposing starting trees from seed) propagating grape vines. foliage) or striking blossoms can make a dramatic difference in any landscape design. Mail-Order Explorer 16 Heirloom flowers and vegetables. -
Molecular Phylogeny of Chrysanthemum , Ajania and Its Allies (Anthemideae, Asteraceae) As Inferred from Nuclear Ribosomal ITS and Chloroplast Trn LF IGS Sequences
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: http://www.researchgate.net/publication/248021556 Molecular phylogeny of Chrysanthemum , Ajania and its allies (Anthemideae, Asteraceae) as inferred from nuclear ribosomal ITS and chloroplast trn LF IGS sequences ARTICLE in PLANT SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTION · FEBRUARY 2010 Impact Factor: 1.42 · DOI: 10.1007/s00606-009-0242-0 CITATIONS READS 25 117 5 AUTHORS, INCLUDING: Hongbo Zhao Sumei Chen Zhejiang A&F University Nanjing Agricultural University 15 PUBLICATIONS 56 CITATIONS 97 PUBLICATIONS 829 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE All in-text references underlined in blue are linked to publications on ResearchGate, Available from: Hongbo Zhao letting you access and read them immediately. Retrieved on: 02 December 2015 Plant Syst Evol (2010) 284:153–169 DOI 10.1007/s00606-009-0242-0 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Molecular phylogeny of Chrysanthemum, Ajania and its allies (Anthemideae, Asteraceae) as inferred from nuclear ribosomal ITS and chloroplast trnL-F IGS sequences Hong-Bo Zhao • Fa-Di Chen • Su-Mei Chen • Guo-Sheng Wu • Wei-Ming Guo Received: 14 April 2009 / Accepted: 25 October 2009 / Published online: 4 December 2009 Ó Springer-Verlag 2009 Abstract To better understand the evolutionary history, positions of some ambiguous taxa were renewedly con- intergeneric relationships and circumscription of Chry- sidered. Subtribe Artemisiinae was chiefly divided into two santhemum and Ajania and the taxonomic position of groups, (1) one corresponding to Chrysanthemum, Arc- some small Asian genera (Anthemideae, Asteraceae), the tanthemum, Ajania, Opisthopappus and Elachanthemum sequences of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed (the Chrysanthemum group), (2) another to Artemisia, spacer (nrDNA ITS) and the chloroplast trnL-F intergenic Crossostephium, Neopallasia and Sphaeromeria (the spacer (cpDNA IGS) were newly obtained for 48 taxa and Artemisia group). -
Phytophthora Occultans Man In’T Veld and Rosendahl (2015)
-- CALIFORNIA D EPAUMENT OF cdfa FOOD & AGRICULTURE ~ California Pest Rating Proposal for Phytophthora occultans Man in’t Veld and Rosendahl (2015) Current Pest Rating: Z Proposed Pest Rating: B Kingdom: Chromista, Phylum: Oomycota, Order: Peronosporales, Family: Peronosporaceae Comment Period: 11/3/2020 through 12/18/2020 Initiating Event: In June 2018, a symptomatic, mature, boxwood (Buxus microphylla) from a landscaped area inside a federal park in San Francisco County, California was submitted by a ranger to CDFA’s Meadowview Pest Diagnostics Center. Plant pathologist Suzanne Rooney-Latham isolated a Phytophthora sp. in culture and determined it to be P. occultans. As this was not considered an official sample, it was unrated. In September 2020, a sample from a block of Mexican orange blossoms (Choisya ternata) that belonged to a contractor but were slated to be planted in a new landscape at the same Federal park, was submitted to CDFA. Suzanne Rooney-Latham again isolated P. occultans. As this was an official sample and the first detection of this pathogen in California, it was given a temporary Z rating. The risk to California from P. occultans is described herein and a permanent rating is proposed. History & Status: Background: Phytophthora occultans is an oomycete pathogen that can cause a range of disease symptoms including root rot, collar, and crown rot and stem cankers on woody plants. Phytophthora spp. are widespread in temperate regions of all continents and occur in soils of natural forests, agricultural fields, landscaping, and orchards. They can persist and spread in different environments and can survive in the soil in the absence of a host. -
The Naturalized Vascular Plants of Western Australia 1
12 Plant Protection Quarterly Vol.19(1) 2004 Distribution in IBRA Regions Western Australia is divided into 26 The naturalized vascular plants of Western Australia natural regions (Figure 1) that are used for 1: Checklist, environmental weeds and distribution in bioregional planning. Weeds are unevenly distributed in these regions, generally IBRA regions those with the greatest amount of land disturbance and population have the high- Greg Keighery and Vanda Longman, Department of Conservation and Land est number of weeds (Table 4). For exam- Management, WA Wildlife Research Centre, PO Box 51, Wanneroo, Western ple in the tropical Kimberley, VB, which Australia 6946, Australia. contains the Ord irrigation area, the major cropping area, has the greatest number of weeds. However, the ‘weediest regions’ are the Swan Coastal Plain (801) and the Abstract naturalized, but are no longer considered adjacent Jarrah Forest (705) which contain There are 1233 naturalized vascular plant naturalized and those taxa recorded as the capital Perth, several other large towns taxa recorded for Western Australia, com- garden escapes. and most of the intensive horticulture of posed of 12 Ferns, 15 Gymnosperms, 345 A second paper will rank the impor- the State. Monocotyledons and 861 Dicotyledons. tance of environmental weeds in each Most of the desert has low numbers of Of these, 677 taxa (55%) are environmen- IBRA region. weeds, ranging from five recorded for the tal weeds, recorded from natural bush- Gibson Desert to 135 for the Carnarvon land areas. Another 94 taxa are listed as Results (containing the horticultural centre of semi-naturalized garden escapes. Most Total naturalized flora Carnarvon). -
The Risk of Injurious and Toxic Plants Growing in Kindergartens Vanesa Pérez Cuadra, Viviana Cambi, María De Los Ángeles Rueda, and Melina Calfuán
Consequences of the Loss of Traditional Knowledge: The risk of injurious and toxic plants growing in kindergartens Vanesa Pérez Cuadra, Viviana Cambi, María de los Ángeles Rueda, and Melina Calfuán Education Abstract The plant kingdom is a producer of poisons from a vari- ered an option for people with poor education or low eco- ety of toxic species. Nevertheless prevention of plant poi- nomic status or simply as a religious superstition (Rates sonings in Argentina is disregarded. As children are more 2001). affected, an evaluation of the dangerous plants present in kindergartens, and about the knowledge of teachers in Man has always been attracted to plants whether for their charge about them, has been conducted. Floristic inven- beauty or economic use (source of food, fibers, dyes, etc.) tories and semi-structured interviews with teachers were but the idea that they might be harmful for health is ac- carried out at 85 institutions of Bahía Blanca City. A total tually uncommon (Turner & Szcawinski 1991, Wagstaff of 303 species were identified, from which 208 are consid- 2008). However, poisonings by plants in humans repre- ered to be harmless, 66 moderately and 29 highly harm- sent a significant percentage of toxicological consulta- ful. Of the moderately harmful, 54% produce phytodema- tions (Córdoba et al. 2003, Nelson et al. 2007). titis, and among the highly dangerous those with alkaloids and cyanogenic compounds predominate. The number of Although most plants do not have any known toxins, there dangerous plants species present in each institution var- is a variety of species with positive toxicological studies ies from none to 45. -
Advances in Tissue Culture, Genetics and Transgenic Biotechnology
African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 2 (12), pp. 547-556, December 2003 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/AJB ISSN 1684–5315 © 2003 Academic Journals Review Anthemideae: advances in tissue culture, genetics and transgenic biotechnology Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Ikenobe, 2393, Kagawa-ken, 761-0795, Japan. Telfax: +81 (0)72 726 8178. E-mail: [email protected]. Accepted 2 December 2003 Members of the Anthemideae include important floricultural (cut-flower) and ornamental (pot and garden) crops, as well as plants of medicinal and ethno-pharmacological interest. Despite the use of many of these plants (over 1400 species) in the extraction of important secondary metabolites and essential oils, the greatest emphasis has been on their in vitro tissue culture and micropropagation. Few studies have been conducted on genetic transformation, with those primarily focused on increasing yield of compounds in plants. This review, the first and only available for plants within this Family, highlights all the available literature that exists on Anthemideae (excluding ornamental chrysanthemums) in vitro cell, tissue and organ culture, micropropagation and transformation. Key words: Achillea, Anthemis, Artemisia, Matricaria, Santolina, Tanacetum. INTRODUCTION Members of the Anthemideae top over 1400 species (the discussed elsewhere (Teixeira da Silva, 2003). Garland most common known by different names globally, Table chrysanthemum, Chrysanthemum coronarium and C. 1) and consist of one of the most important global cut segetum are widely distributed in the Mediterranean, flower and pot plants, Dendranthema grandiflora, as well western Africa and Asia. C. coronarium, cultivated in as important medicinal and aromatic plants from which Japan, China and Southeast Asia, is closely related to many important secondary metabolites and essential oils lettuce, and is a valuable edible species (Oka et al., are extracted. -
Phytophthora Tentaculata: a New Exotic and Invasive Disease
Phytophthora tentaculata: A New Exotic and Invasive Disease new plant pathogen in the genus pathogens of agricultural, ornamental, species and one additional genus have A Phytophthora (pronounced Fie- and forest plants. been found infected, all common in the TOF-ther-uh) has recently been found native plant nursery trade and in wild- Similar to other members of the Phy- in several California native plant nurser- lands. These include Artemisia dougla- tophthora genus, P. tentaculata releases ies and habitat restoration sites. The siana (mugwort), A. dracunculus swimming spores that move through pathogen, Phytophthora tentaculata, (tarragon), A. californica (California water and are attracted to plant root poses a risk of disease in wildlands, gar- sagebrush), Salvia species (sage), Ceano- exudates. Once infected, the pathogen dens and landscapes that use susceptible thus cuneatus (buck brush), Frangula can cause disease in susceptible plant California native and non-native plants. californica (California coffeeberry), roots. If susceptible stems are contacted, Once introduced in these areas, the Monardella villosa (coyote-mint), and infection can occur there following pathogen can generate disease for years Heteromeles arbutifolia (toyon). water movement or splash, and stem to come, potentially causing lasting envi- disease can also result from the patho- In California, P. tentaculata was first ronmental and economic impacts. gen growing into the stem from the isolated from Diplacus aurantiacus Because both native and non-native roots. Phytophthora tentaculata cannot (orange bush monkeyflower) where it California plants from nurseries can be seen with the naked eye unless grown was observed causing aboveground carry new pathogens and other pests, it in a laboratory.