Green tree python 1 Vision The Milwaukee County Zoo will be a zoo of renown with a reputation as a leader in animal management, conservation, research and education within a wholesome recreational environment enjoying the admiration of the citizens of Milwaukee County as well as all zoo guests and other zoos of the world . Mission Statement The Milwaukee County Zoo will inspire public understanding, support and participation in global conservation of animal species and their environment by creating a unifying bond between our visitors and the living earth and provide an environment for personal renewal and enjoyment for our guests by:

• Contributing to worldwide animal management, conservation and research efforts; • Fostering sound physical, psychological and social development for the animal groups in our care; • Sharing our knowledge with the intent to reinforce the human-animal-earth bond; • Improving the quality of our professional development, administration and operating environment; Amur tiger Amba and one of her female cubs. • Striving for the financial self-sufficiency of the organization; • Continuing the public-private partnership with the Zoological Society of Milwaukee . Table of Contents Address from the County Executive...... 1 Letter from the Director...... 2 Snow leopard Orya Milwaukee County Zoo History...... 3 2016 Highlights...... 5 Animal Management and Health Division...... 7 Zoo Staff Conservation and Research Projects. . . 19 Additional Conservation Efforts...... 23 Cooperative Animal Management Programs. . . . . 26 Administration and Finance...... 29 Operations...... 38 Operating Expenses...... 42 The Milwaukee County Zoo and the Zoological Society ...... 44 County Executive and Board of Supervisors. . . . . 49 ­ Dear Friends, The Milwaukee County Zoo again marked the year with several prominent conservation efforts, the most significant being the birth of three Amur tiger cubs. A species endangered in the wild, these Amur cubs not only add to captive population diversity, but ensure their existence for Zoo visitors and future generations. The year 2016 held much excitement as the Zoo prepared for the future, and began the first construction initiatives for “Adventure Africa,” which serves as the first phase of the next 20-year master plan. This future home for the Zoo’s African elephants will provide these magnificent animals with a substantial outdoor habitat as well as a large indoor barn. The plan also includes space for a mixed-species exhibit which will bring new residents to the Zoo with yellow-backed duikers, a type of African antelope. A major capital project, “Adventure Africa,” is possible because of funding from Milwaukee County, the Zoo and the Zoological Society of Milwaukee. Since the early 1980s, this public-private partnership between the Zoo and the Zoological Society has resulted in more than $100 million in capital improvements; a bond that continues to strengthen today. I would like to thank Zoo Director Chuck Wikenhauser and the Zoo staff for its continued dedication and hard work. It takes the effort of everyone to make this organization thrive, and to continue to be seen as a leader and quality-of-life attraction in the community.

Chris Abele Milwaukee County Executive

1 Letter from the Director In 2016, we continued on course with current master The summer exhibit welcomed robotic bugs, as BUGS! plan initiatives, in addition to welcoming a variety of Larger than Life was displayed from May 28 through animals into the collection, aligning with our overall Sept. 5 outside behind the Small Mammals building. mission of conservation and propagation. Sponsored by Sendik’s Food Markets, the exhibit With the design now complete for Adventure Africa: featured 13 insects more than 200 times their actual Elephant Exhibit, preparartion began of site work for size – quite a spectacle for our younger visitors! this first phase of the 20-year master plan. This new The year also saw the hiring of Jodi Gibson as the future home for elephants is a $16.6 million project, new Zoological Society President/CEO. Jodi has held and the single largest Zoo renovation since it began senior leadership positions at large organizations here in 1958. in the nonprofit and corporate sectors. We wish Also in 2016, we welcomed a new female snow her well in her new position and look forward to leopard, Orya. Arriving from Zoo Zurich, Orya is a prosperous relationship. the second of two snow leopards acquired as a We’re grateful for the support of the county executive, result of the Greater Milwaukee Foundation’s (GMF) the county board and the Zoological Society and its Gifts to the Community, a program that offers partners. Many of our projects, renovations and special special opportunities and experiences throughout exhibits are possible because of their assistance. the region. The first snow leopard, male Asa, arrived Please read on for additional highlights from 2016. in 2015, and it’s the Zoo’s hope to eventually breed Orya with Asa. As a result of the current Zoo Interchange Project, our existing parking lot lost approximately 700 Charles Wikenhauser parking spaces. In 2015, construction of the parking Director lot at the new West Entrance was completed, and in 2016, planning and construction continued for future ticketing kiosks, restrooms, concessions and merchandising areas at this location.

2 The Milwaukee County Zoo: Our History Home to more than 3,100 mammals, birds, fish, 1978 Was one of only 22 institutions in amphibians and reptiles, we’re proud our Zoo North America accredited by the continues to be recognized as one of the finest American Association of Zoological in the country . Parks & Aquariums, now named the Our history at a glance: Association of Zoos & Aquariums 1892 The Milwaukee County Zoo (MCZ) 1980s Initiated a $26 million capital started as a miniature mammal and improvement plan, representing bird display in Milwaukee’s downtown a significant partnership venture Washington Park between the Zoo, Milwaukee County and the Zoological Society 1910 The Zoological Society was founded, lending financial support to the Zoo Completion of: Wolf Woods, underwater viewing in the Polar Bear and Sea 1958 Moved to its present location on 200 Lion Exhibits, Oceans of Fun, the Dairy acres of parkland Complex, Humboldt Penguins and the Peck Welcome Center Letter from the Director Late Completion of: the Primate Building, 1960s Monkey Island, Winter Quarters, Early Extensive renovation of the Aviary Polar and Brown Bear Exhibits, and 1990s and Primates of the World, and the Feline, Pachyderm, Giraffe, Bird, the completion of a new Apes of Small Mammal, Aquarium and Reptile, Africa Exhibit and Australian Buildings 1999 Initiated a $30 million capital 1970s Added the Children’s Zoo, Train Shed, improvement plan, representing Zoo Hospital, Dall Sheep Exhibit and a significant partnership venture the Gift Shop between the Zoo, Milwaukee County The Zoological Society’s volunteer and the Zoological Society organization, Zoo Pride, was established

Washington Park Zoo Photo courtesy of the Milwaukee Public Library

3 2003 Completion of Animal Health Center 2012 Completion of the first planning phase Began initial renovations to the of a new 20-year Zoo master plan, Stackner Heritage Farm and addressing improvements in animal construction of the Karen Peck Katz exhibits, visitor attractions, service Conservation Education Center facilities and operations Completion of the master plan proposal 2004 Completion of the Karen Peck Katz 2013 Conservation Education Center by Peckham Guyton Albers & Viets, Inc . (PGAV); will serve as a guide for the Zoo 2005 Completion of the Florence Mila for the next 20 years Borchert Big Cat Country 2014 Moved forward on plans for the new Completion of the Northwestern West Entrance and adjacent parking Mutual Family Farm lots . Plans include construction of a 2006 Completion of the MillerCoors new outdoor Otter Exhibit Giraffe Experience 2015 Renovation of the outdoor 2008 Completion of the U .S . Bank Gorilla Exhibit Gathering Place Began design for “Adventure Africa” Completion of the Idabel Wilmot Phase I: Elephant Exhibit Borchert Flamingo Exhibit Partnered with Goodwill Industries and Overlook for the high school transition-to-work program, Project SEARCH 2 011 Completion of the new outdoor Bonobo Exhibit, and new interpretive graphics Installation of Mamava Lactation Suites: and interactive displays to the indoor private areas for nursing mothers to Bonobo Exhibit use when visiting the Zoo Opened new permanent visitor 2016 Completed design for “Adventure activities with Sky Trail® Wisconsin Africa” Phase I: Elephant Exhibit; Adventure Zone began demolition and site work Added Kohl’s Wild Theater programming Moved forward on construction projects to Zoo’s Northwestern Mutual Family for the new West Entrance to include Farm, made possible by a donation to areas for ticketing, concessions and the Zoological Society merchandise; completed parking lot in this area For our complete history, please visit milwaukeezoo.org

Idabel Wilmot Borchert Flamingo Exhibit and Overlook

4 Demolition for Elephant Exhibit 2016 Highlights Zoo Master Planning Other Highlights • Master plan finalized in 2013; serves as a guide The Zoo hosted a major summer exhibit, BUGS! Larger for the next 20+ years than Life sponsored by Sendik’s Food Markets • Addresses animal exhibits, dining, merchandise • May 28 through Sept . 5 sales and additional service and infrastructure • Welcomed 137,609 guests improvements • Major impact of master planning is the Zoo Economic Impact Study Interchange Project; loss of approximately 700 • Commissioned an economic impact study con- visitor parking spaces; the new West Entrance ducted by the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee parking lot is complete; further construction in Department of Economics this area has begun • Results found the Zoo to have an estimated $155 • Design phase complete for “Adventure Africa” million impact to the four-county area that includes: Phase I: Elephant Exhibit; demolition started Milwaukee, Ozaukee, Washington and Waukesha • Represents money entering the local economy in Zoo Interchange Project 2016 from the estimated 618,483 visitors from The Zoo sits along a substantial stretch of freeway – outside the Milwaukee area to the west of downtown Milwaukee – appropriately named the Zoo Interchange. Its reconstruction began Composting in 2012; and the entire project addresses this 9-mile • Initiated a composting partnership with local urban freeway corridor leading to and through the actual farming organization, Blue Ribbon Organics interchange. Opening in 1963, it is Wisconsin’s oldest • In June, began composting all of the Zoo’s and busiest interchange. herbivore animal waste 2016 • Compost is collected 4-5 times weekly, with an • Several significant freeway ramp and bridge closures average of ~11 tons per week affected how visitors arrived at the Zoo • Alternate routes to and from the Zoo, and additional Attraction and Special Event lineup included • Oceans of Fun Seal & Sea Lion Show signage were implemented sponsored by Anderson Seal, LLC • The Zoo’s website was continually updated with the • Zoomobile sponsored by Meijer latest construction closures, and additional collateral pieces were printed • Party for the Planet sponsored by American Transmission Co . • Breakfast & Lunch with Santa sponsored by Racine Danish Kringles 5 2016 Special Exhibit BUGS! Larger than Life Sponsored by Sendik’s Food Markets Giant re-creations of insects swooped in during the summer in the form of 13 different bug varieties – buzzing, crawling and fluttering in their outdoor habitat. This one-of-a-kind backyard was made possible by our talented horticulture staff, simulating an oversized world perfectly designed for the likes of black ants, a Mexican red-kneed tarantula and emperor scorpion. Presented May 28 through Sept. 5, the exhibit was $2.50 per person after regular Zoo admission.

6 2016 Animal Management and Health Division Five Major Animal Care Areas: • Reptiles and Aquaria Responsibilities: • Management, health, husbandry, propagation • Primates and Small Mammals and exhibition of the animal collection • Birds and Family Farm • Design and operation of the associated facilities • Large Mammals and exhibits • Animal Health and Nutrition • Support and participation in conservation and In addition to the permanently assigned full-time research programs at the Zoo and internationally personnel, there are rovers – zookeepers trained in • Enhancement of the public’s knowledge and many animal areas who act as fill-ins as needed – appreciation of animals and night operation and animal care staff. Animal staff also coordinate operations, maintain records and permits and manage the Zoo library. Victoria crowned pigeon Animal Division Collections The animal collections serve to enhance visitors’ knowledge and appreciation of animals, and to contribute to animal species conservation. Our front-line animal staff devote more than 100,000 hours annually toward animal care.

On Dec. 31, 2016 the Milwaukee On Zoo Grounds County Zoo animal collection included:

Mammals Birds Reptiles Species: 88 Species: 89 Species: 41 Specimens: 358 Specimens: 356 Specimens: 75

Amphibians Fish Invertebrates Species: 13 Species: 147 Species: 24 Specimens: 50 Specimens: 1,463 Specimens: 854

Total Species: 402 | Total Specimens: 3,156

The animal collection owned by Out on Loan the Zoo and on loan to other zoological institutions included:

Mammals Reptiles Species: 13 Species: 4 Specimens: 34 Specimens: 6

Total Species: 17 | Total Specimens: 40 7 The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) lists 16 of our collection species as endangered. Several of these species are critically endangered (on the brink of extinction in the wild) such as Amur tiger, southern black rhinoceros, cotton-top tamarin and Western lowland gorilla, Waldrapp ibis, Bali mynah, Chinese alligator, McCord’s snake-necked turtle and the Grand Cayman blue iguana. Our collection also includes Guam kingfishers, now extinct in the wild. Several species in our collection are also listed by the state of Wisconsin as endangered or threatened.

With such a large and diverse animal collection, there are a significant number of births, transfers and deaths annually. The life expectancy of our Zoo animals may greatly exceed the life expectancy of animals in the wild. These life expectancies vary dramatically with species – small rodents and the giant Pacific octopus are old in two years, while swans can live for decades. Animals may die earlier due to the same health conditions as humans.

Staff devote much time toward enriching our animals’ lives. They provide mental and physical stimulation by varying social structure, mixing compatible spec ies, changing habitats, offering interesting scents, providing manipulation devices, engaging them in positive reinforcement training, distributing food treats for foraging and supplying toys and problem-solving reward devices.

Spotted hyena

8 2016 Highlights REPTILES AND AQUARIA Aquatic and Reptile Center The long-term collaboration with the Wisconsin DNR fisheries department continued with our breeding of starhead topminnows, and the addition of 50 northern sunfish to the Aviary pond. Both species are endangered in Wisconsin. For the past seven years, the MCZ was the only Zoo or aquarium holding a pure genetic stock of Lake Victoria cichlid. Half of this species in Lake Victoria are extinct or in danger of extinction, so this stock was important to its conservation. In 2016, we distributed 80 cichlid specimens to zoos in Brookfield, Ill and San Antonio, Texas, ensuring their survival. The filtration and lighting of several exhibits were updated and improved, and our Flooded Forest Exhibit saw the addition of schools of silver dollar tetras and chocolate cichlids. We assisted with the DNR’s case against a poacher Sunshine peacock cichlid Photo by Richard Brodzeller by hatching and identifying more than 100 turtle eggs. Upon hatching, the turtles were returned to the Mississippi River section where they were originally poached. pheasant pigeon, Waldrapp ibis, Violaceous turaco, A group of Banggai cardinal fish was assembled laysan teal, masked lapwing and tawny frogmouth. to develop a captive breeding program. Native to New species added to the collection included: the shallow seas surrounding the Banggai Islands shama thrush, superb starling, spotted whistling in Indonesia, this species is endangered. duck, hamerkop, Victoria crowned pigeon and beautiful fruit dove. BIRDS AND The following species left for new homes in other FAMILY FARM facilities vetted by our bird curator: Abdiim’s stork, Aviary chestnut teal, Humboldt penguin, crested wood In May, the Aviary partridge, rockhopper penguin, Waldrapp ibis, re-opened after a Inca tern and pheasant pigeon. 7-month closure to We continue to support avian conservation replace skylights and domestically and internationally with various modify roof design species, in addition to in-house efforts to reduce for safer accessibility. bird strikes. As in other years, staff assisted to Additional green further research in support of both captive elements resulted management and in situ conservation. in thermally efficient glass to reduce the The year saw successful hatchings of these species: Gentoo penguin, mousebird, crested wood partridge, need for heat in winter Luzon bleeding heart dove and cooling in summer. sunbittern, black-naped fruit dove, cinereous vulture, Luzon bleeding heart dove, Inca tern and hooded pitta. Throughout the year, several birds moved into the Zoo to pair with existing residents: rockhopper penguin, Caribbean flamingo, blue grey tanager, 9 Chinchilla Tiger cubs

Northwestern Mutual Family Farm to cooperate willingly for exams, sample collections World Bird Sanctuary continued its longstanding and husbandry procedures allows for an enriching relationship with the Zoo, providing another and stress-free environment. Samples collected under summer of entertainment in the Kohl’s Wild these conditions can determine normal biological Theater. Flighted raptors and numerous other parameters in exotic species, and monitor the health exotic avifauna return annually for daily shows. and reproductive status of our animals. We were pleased to welcome a number of calves Big Cat Country born to our working dairy farm, of which included January saw the arrival of a male Amur tiger, Strannik, Ayrshire, milking shorthorn, red and white Holstein from the Toledo Zoo . After the quarantine period, and a Scottish highland. he moved to Big Cat Country, and after settling in, Also added into the collection were four Nigerian he was introduced to one of our females, Amba . dwarf goats to supplement our current goat herd, We were thrilled that by September, we welcomed and allow for a viable breeding group as we transition three cubs to the collection, male, Kashtan, and to this smaller species. females, Eloise and Bernadette . A new barred owl arrived for presentations by A female red panda named Dr . Erin Curry arrived in the Education Department, as well as three March from the Cincinnati Zoo, as a companion for chinchilla also for Education, specifically the our resident male, Dash . She was named after the Animal Connections Continuum. Zoo’s reproductive physiologist who tracked the pregnancy via ultrasound, resulting in the future LARGE MAMMALS cub . Dash seemed quite interested in his new partner The Large Mammal sections of the Zoo include: from the start . Big Cat Country, North American/Australia, After a long wait, we were excited to welcome female Pachyderms/Giraffe, and African/South American snow leopard, Oyra, from Zoo Zurich in August . It’s Hoofstock/Camels. the Zoo’s hope that Orya will eventually breed with In all of these areas, staff continue to manage an Asa, our current male snow leopard, to propagate and extensive animal collection with a progressive training conserve the species . Currently snow leopards are program using operant conditioning. Training animals facing extinction in the wild, as less than 200 reside in U .S . zoos .

10 North American/Australia A new group of black-tailed prairie dogs made their debut in June, much to visitors’ delight. Initially, the all-male group spent much time underground working on their elaborate tunnel system. The year was marked by many comings and goings in the North American Section. We were excited for a harbor seal birth in June – a male named Triton. He is the third offspring born to father Ringo and mother Sydney, both brought here as wild-born animals. In April, female harbor seal, Cossette arrived from the Alaska Zoo, while our 2-year-old harbor seal, King Julian, transferred to Henry Vilas Zoo in Madison, Wis. As construction progressed and space was necessary for “Adventure Africa,” male moose, Finnegan, moved to the N.E.W. Zoo in Green Bay, Wis. in September, and female moose, Robin and Bella, moved to off-exhibit areas, as did timber wolf Nikan. Further moves due to construction included brown bear Boris to the Black Bear Exhibit where he rotates on public display. In June, we welcomed a female elk named Arya. She was born to mother, Chariss, and father, Comanche, Elk Arya who was 17 years old, and considered quite mature for a male elk. Additions to the collection rounded-out with the birth of a Matschie’s tree kangaroo. The new male named Cori marks a third-generation birth for our highly successful breeding program. In October, black rhinoceros, Jozi, transferred here from the Pittsburgh Zoo. At 4-years-old, and a weight of 2,100 pounds, Jozi still has some growing to do, as she’ll be considered mature at ~6 years of age. We said goodbye to Asiatic black bear, Hotlips, and black rhino, Brewster, as both were humanely euthanized. Hotlips was the oldest living of her species. African & South American

Giraffe Zola Rhino Jozi Hoofstock/Camels Three new rhea joined the collection from the Hemker Park Zoo in Freeport, Minn.; we look forward to their Pachyderms/Giraffe public display in the spring of 2017. We have a long In 2016, much attention surrounded both a history of breeding greater kudu, and while we didn’t significant birth and a rather large addition to the have new births this year, we did transfer Rocco, born collection! April saw the birth of a female giraffe in 2015, to Hemker Park Zoo. named Zola. Born to first-time mother, Marlee, and father, Bahatika, Zola was 5 feet 7 inches tall at birth, and weighed 130 pounds.

11 PRIMATES AND SMALL MAMMALS Apes of Africa, Primates of the World and Macaque Island As part of the 2016 Zoological Society’s Annual Appeal, fundraising was completed for a new outdoor transfer chute and exhibit renovation for our Colobus monkeys. Our Zoo has one of the largest collections of bonobos in the world. A new birth in May to mother Claudine increased our group size to 23 bonobos. The newborn female was named Qasai, and joined our growing troop of youngsters. Also in 2016, 11-year-old female orangutan Rayma arrived from the Topeka Zoo as a companion animal for our male, Tommy. Zookeepers comment that she’s gentle and sweet with both Tommy and the animal staff. Macaque Island grew more lively as six younger Gorilla Femelle Macaques joined the group of three older animals. The new members acclimated well to the established residents and looked to the older group for direction. They arrive as part of the Species Survival Plan® (SSP) which manages this threatened species within AZA accredited organizations. An Eastern black-and-white colobus, Kibu, was transferred out; and we received a male named Elvis to add to our resident group. maternal care and patience with our newest resident The most common cause of mortality in captive great in the group, 2-year-old male, Sulaiman. She will be apes is cardiac disease. Our bonobos, gorillas and dearly missed. orangutans continue to voluntarily participate in We also lost three of our geriatric Macaques to old-age fully awake echocardiograms. Awake blood pressure related illnesses. Living out their lives on Macaque measurements also are collected voluntarily from our Island, they added to the diversity of the entire captive bonobos and orangutans utilizing population, and will be missed by a finger cuff. Monitoring blood their companions and visitors. pressure is a critical step forward Great ape research continued Finally, Elikia, one of our female in the detection and treatment of in collaboration with these bonobos, succumb to pneumonia cardiac disease in our apes. researchers: at 16 years old; the entire troop Sadly, we said goodbye to several • Kennesaw State University, is susceptible to flu-related health animals this year, including longtime Kennesaw, Ga. issues in winter. Though her exhibit resident and founder animal, Femelle, • University of Wisconsin mates initially mourned the loss, a female western lowland gorilla. School of Veterinary they eventually continued on within At an estimated age of 54-years, Medicine, Madison, Wis. their social structures. wild-born Femelle, was one of our A group of four cotton-top tamarins longest-lived female gorillas. In her • Max Planck Institute for relocated from the Small Mammals most recent years, she demonstrated Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany building to Primates of the World.

12 Small Mammals In anticipation of the arrival of Fezzik, a male two-toed sloth from the Topeka Zoo, the Small Mammals Section converted the existing North American River Otter Exhibit. Plans are underway for a new North American River Otter Exhibit as part of the new entrance development. Fezzik can be seen suspended by his exhibit propping and using his powerful grip and long claws to move about. We also welcomed male potto Jabari from the Cleveland Zoo. Joining resident female potto, Kiazi, Jabari has an impressive range-of-motion in his joints, aided by his extreme grip strength. The Zoo is hopeful for future potto breeding. The nocturnal side of the Small Mammals building received a facelift as the exhibit lights were switched from blue to red spectrum. Research has shown that some nocturnal species are more active under red spectrum lighting, which we’re finding true.

Dispositions in and out included the addition of a male Hoffman’s two-toed sloth, a male potto, and the transfer out of a Goeldi’s monkey. Golden lion tamarin Paisley was born in April; sadly we said goodbye to two sugar gliders, both were 12 years old.

Potto Jabari

13 Animal Health & Nutrition Animal Health Center We continue to become proficient with the medical Responsibilities: Manages the medical care, records keeping system. The International Species preventive health and nutrition programs of Information System changed its name to Species360, the Zoo’s entire animal collection. and included many updates and upgrades over the year. The Animal Health Center houses many animals Ensuring medical records are entered correctly and annually – some are kept in quarantine before consistently is only made possible by the diligence releasing them to the main collection, others are and self-motivation of all staff. patients undergoing treatment. Special animals The Animal Health Center is a renowned veterinary that we saw in 2016: medicine teaching hospital. Programs include a • We housed an elderly pair of rockhopper penguins pathology fellowship, training veterinarians in the after cataract surgery . Both previously blind, surgery field of zoo animal pathology and a clinical residency restored their sight; but they couldn’t go into water program, a 3-year program that trains veterinarians in for several weeks . The hospital provided a controlled the field of zoo and exotic animal medicine. Each year, cold environment with misters . After recovery, the three rotating clinical medicine residency positions pair produced an egg for the first time in a decade; occur, and all programs are conducted in collaboration unfortunately it was infertile . with the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Veterinary Medicine and the International Crane • A 3-week-old Amur tiger cub arrived here after Foundation in Baraboo, Wis. having been removed from his mother due to a severe leg infection . Treatment was a success, In 2016, the hospital performed 383 anesthetic but the cub had to be hand-raised, with daily procedures, 14,434 lab tests run on 2,920 samples, interactions with his siblings when he was able . 2,332 prescriptions written and 3,582 medical record entries. • Our CDC primate quarantine was used to house a white-cheeked gibbon . Arriving from Australia, the gibbon was an imported primate, needing to undergo rigorous examination mandated by the CDC . Although the animal was destined for another zoo, MCZ is one of only a few CDC-approved primate importation facilities in the country . As such, our facility is used to help other zoos bringing in animals to improve the genetics of North American breeding populations .

Amur tiger cub

14 global animal management network worldwide. The central database contains information for 3.5 million animals, more than 10,000 species in 800 zoos and aquariums in 80 countries, as well as some species monitored in release and relocation projects into the wild around the world. Zoo, aquarium and conservation professionals numbering 20,000+ worldwide use the data to accomplish their zoo’s care, education and conservation goals. Regulatory Agencies Our Zoo partners with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, the Milwaukee Area Domestic Animal Control Center and other agencies. We provide these agencies with expertise and assistance toward the conservation and protection of animals in captivity and in the wild. We comply with regulations and permit requirements of international treaties, and national and state laws on animal conservation, management, care, health and safety. Examples of permits received by the Zoo in 2016 include: Animal Commissary International: Convention on International Trade in Endangered Responsibilities: Receives, evaluates and stores most of the animal food and supplies before daily Species import permit (CITES) delivery on request to multiple Zoo areas where National: animal diets are prepared. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) SUPPORT OPERATIONS (multiple permits) Animal Records Captive Bred Wildlife permit Since our 1892 founding, nearly 20,000 individual Migratory Bird Special Purpose permit animal records have been created and managed Goose Depredation permit for animals in our care. Today, AZA-accredited zoos keep very detailed up-to-date records for each Native Endangered Species Recovery permit animal, telling its life story from birth to death. U.S. Department of Agriculture Exhibitor permit The Zoo registrar manages the database, overseeing the sharing and use of the data to tell the life Plant Pests, Noxious Weed, Soil Movement permit story of our animals. Data is also used for permit U.S. Department of the Interior applications and reports. Marine Mammal Protection Act permit Identifying characteristics, all background information, measurements, husbandry, behavior, State of Wisconsin: breeding management, enclosure information, DNR Depredation permit behavioral enrichment, training, diet/feeding (Canada goose nest and eggs) procedures, development and medical care are included in the animal’s record. Information observed daily by the animal care staff is recorded in an electronic database, the Zoological Inventory Management System (ZIMS). In 2016, thousands of entries were added. ZIMS is the largest 15

Library and Archive The library staff includes one part-time professional librarian, providing reference services, assisting in research, maintaining the catalog and managing both the library and archives. The librarian also works part-time for the Zoological Society as the information specialist, managing the Society’s photo database and researching information for exhibit signage. A total of 15 Zoo Pride volunteers assist the librarian. The library collection includes books and academic/scientific periodicals in the following subjects: zoological science; animal husbandry; management of animals in captivity; animal behavior; animal nutrition; veterinary medicine; wildlife conservation; birds; fishes; invertebrates; mammals; reptiles and amphibians; aquarium management; aquatic life; horticulture; zoological gardens; history of zoological science; zoo administration; and zoo, aquarium and museum exhibits. The library also collects ephemeral materials from U.S. and foreign zoos and aquariums; making it the largest collection of zoo ephemera in the country. The library also houses several animal-themed art pieces. This year we partnered with the Zoological Registrar’s Association to house their archived materials and also to serve as the repository of the Zoo and Aquarium Video Archive Project. We continue to host the Carrol University Animal Behavior Class project presentations. The archive preserves materials crucial to the history of our Zoo and of U.S. zoos. The collection includes photos, slides, DVDs, VHS cassettes, 16mm films, historic postcards, personal papers, veterinary records and MCZ historical records on paper and microfiche, all housed in a climate-controlled environment.

The Zoo Library and Archive, located in the Administration Annex in the Northwestern Mutual Family Farm, is a research library providing information resources to Zoo staff, the Zoological Society staff, Zoo Pride volunteers and to the public.

16 Conservation, Research And Propagation Programs

The MCZ continued to manage and/or contribute to diverse conservation, research and propagation programs at local, regional, national and international levels. The senior animal staff, including specialty curators, staff veterinarians and the deputy Zoo director, develop, implement and manage the programs. Front-line staff also actively manage and participate in many of these programs. Collaborative efforts with other conservation-oriented institutions and agencies are essential to the effectiveness of these efforts. In addition to the commitment of Zoo resources and the resources of collaborating institutions, significant funding came from Zoo trust funds and the Zoological Society.

Ornate box turtle

17 Conservation and Research Program Collaborative Support The Zoo provides funding and/or staff support to selected conservation initiatives and research projects . Highlights for support in 2016 include:

Turtle Survival Program Global Polar Bears International Pan-Arctic International Elephant Foundation Africa and Asia International Rhino Foundation Africa and Asia Ape TAG Conservation Initiative Africa and Asia Great Ape Survival Partnership Africa and Asia Phoenix Fund Amur Tiger Project Russia International Snow Leopard Trust Nepal Tree Kangaroo Conservation Program Papua New Guinea Orangutan Outreach Borneo and Sumatra Hornbill Nestbox Adoption Thailand Bonobo and Congo Biodiversity Initiative Democratic Republic of Congo Lola Ya Bonobo – Bonobo Sanctuary Democratic Republic of Congo Virunga Park Protection Project Democratic Republic of Congo Kibale Fuel Wood Project Uganda Berggorilla and Regenwald Direkthilfe Gorilla Project Rwanda Adopt an Ostrich Program/Sahara Conservation Fund Niger Elephants for Africa Botswana Cheetah Conservation Botswana Botswana Madagascar Fauna Group Madagascar Grenada Frog Study Grenada Grenada Bank Treeboa Study Grenada Grenada Coral Reef Study Grenada Leatherback Turtle Study – Ocean Spirits Grenada Rock Iguana Conservation Jamaica African elephant Rock Iguana Conservation Grand Cayman AZA Elephant Welfare Project National Piping Plover Recovery Project Great Lakes Ornate Box Turtle Headstart Programt Wisconsin Butler’s Garter Snake Ecology Wisconsin Herp Fund – WIDNR Wisconsin The Zoo also provides funding for Migratory and Resident Avifauna Study Zoo collaborative conservation and Starhead Topminnow Spawning Research Zoo research initiatives: Mississippi Gopher Frog Management Zoo Great Ape Heart Project International Avian Scientific Advisory Group Milwaukee Ape Heart Project Zoo Penguin Taxon Advisory Group Great Ape Cardiovascular Disease Study Zoo Great Apes Taxon Advisory Group Great Ape Ultrasound Studies Zoo International Species Inventory System Bonobo Cardiovascular Database Zoo AZA Reproductive Management Center

18 Zoo Staff Conservation and Research Projects Zoo staff participate in wildlife conservation and research projects at local, regional and international levels . Many of the Zoo staff projects listed below were made possible with funding from the Zoological Society of Milwaukee . Grenada Coral Reef Study • To find out if these two species can successfully • In 2009, our Caribbean research expanded to coexist, in 2004 the Zoo, the Milwaukee Public the surrounding ocean, joining the Wisconsin Museum and the Grenada Forestry and National Lutheran College’s reef monitoring program Parks Department initiated a field study . In 2009, in Grenada . frog numbers declined for a third consecutive year, prompting a sampling to determine if they carried • The purpose is to compare the long-term health the deadly frog-killing fungus chytrid . The fungus of the coral reefs found in Grenada’s marine was found at all sites, which could lead to the protected areas with other areas without protection; species’ extinction . the goal being to show the economic benefits of protected areas to Grenada’s tourist industry and • The Zoo and collaborators developed a Conservation fishing communities . Action Plan in 2010 . In 2001, the frog populations in Grenada seemed to stabilize; in 2012, they seemed Grenada Frog Study to rebound . In 2013, both frog species seemed to • The Grenada frog was once widespread on the show a second wave of decline . The number of frogs island of Grenada; but in the late 1880s, a related surveyed in the first 6 months of 2014 varied little frog species, Johnstone’s frog, was introduced, from 2013, but continued monitoring is necessary and since spread throughout the island, forcing to confirm . Now numbers seem stable at 2013 the Grenada frog to retreat into seven square survey numbers . miles of mountain rainforests .

Grenada frog Photo by Roger Thorpe

African elephant

19 Rock Iguana Conservation Projects • Zoo personnel have been involved with Jamaican The Zoo and the Zoological Society have supported iguana conservation since 2002 . During June rock iguana conservation in the genus Cyclura since nesting season, wild iguanas are monitored at 1995. Support has increased with fieldwork studies of known nest sites – to observe and identify females . the Grand Cayman blue iguana and Jamaican iguana. Once the clutch is laid, iguanas are captured for health screening . Then, 95 days after nesting, • Blue iguanas are one of the most endangered lizard the hatching season begins . Each newly hatched species in the world, as a 2003 census showed as iguana is weighed, measured, sexed, transpondered, few as 12 wild Grand Cayman blue iguanas . Due to has blood collected, and is released or taken to work by several zoos, including ours, the population Jamaica’s Hope Zoo for headstarting . In 2016, 200 is now estimated at 200+ . The Jamaican iguana, hatchlings were produced; past number fluctuations once thought to be extinct in the wild, is still very appear correlated to weather fluctuations . Future much in peril . hatching success will be monitored . • The Zoo has participated in fieldwork for these • A significant victory occurred this year when the collaborative efforts, resulting in successful Jamaican government decided against building a releases of captive-hatched, raised-and-released shipping port on iguana habitat, as they examined iguanas back into the wilds of Grand Cayman and data from these conservation efforts . Jamaica . Observation and radio tracking data have been collected for the first time on the habits of Grenada Bank Treeboa Study these rare species from both raised-and-released Since 2003, the Zoo has worked with Bob Henderson and free-ranging wild iguanas . (Milwaukee Public Museum Curator Emeritus) on a • In 2014 one of our keepers surveyed blue iguanas Grenada Bank treeboa demographics project. In 2010, on one of the Grand Cayman Islands, and one of we also began collaboration with E. Marie Rush, DVM, our veterinary technicians assisted in the health and St. George’s University, Grenada. screenings . The tech has assisted the veterinary • The project encompasses demographics, ecto- staff of the Wildlife Conservation Society with and endoparasite identification and baseline similar iguana screenings since 2009 . More blood parameters . Future studies will include fieldwork is scheduled, and staff will be sent to DNA analysis of pooled blood samples to identify assist fieldworkers with nest monitoring and species subpopulations . protection, health screenings, radio tracking and maintenance of iguana raise-and-release facilities .

Grand Cayman blue iguana Photo by Mike Nepper

20 Grenada Turtles and 44 are listed as rare, threatened or of special • Our partnership continues with the non-profit concern in Wisconsin . Grenada conservation organization, Ocean Spirits . • As a result, the Wisconsin DNR designated the Zoo It focuses on marine turtle protection on the island’s as a recognized migratory bird stopover habitat . coastal waters and beaches . Bird-banding demonstrations take place annually • Operating a scientific research program spanning at our event, Party for the Planet, when visitors 6 months of the year, Ocean Spirits also manages observe the process and release birds . a nationwide education initiative reaching 4,000+ students, developing the idea that there are no Wild Bird Collision Abatement • Zoo and Society staff and volunteers work to better stewards of the turtles than the communities minimize injury and mortality associated with historically relying upon them . bird-window collisions by actively modifying Starhead Topminnow Breeding existing structures to mitigate strikes . By applying • Starhead topminnows are an endangered fish stencils, striping, silhouettes and decals, as well as species in Wisconsin . Although there have been using netting and better planting practices, we’re a few cases of successful captive reproduction in reducing the number of bird-related mortalities the private sector, there are no reports of zoo or as a result of window collisions . aquarium breeding . In 2007, several pairs were • Over the years, various materials were applied collected to develop spawning techniques that on selected windows to evaluate the appearance, could be used by the Wisconsin DNR should there effectiveness, and durability of window-collision be a need for captive breeding . One or two pairs prevention measures . In 2016, parachute cord was have been collected annually since, to maintain the installed on the Education building and netting to genetic diversity of the Zoo’s captive population . a glass structure routinely seeing high mortality . Migratory and Resident Humboldt Penguin Conservation Avifauna Study and Research • For years, Zoo staff and volunteers have mist-netted • Our Zoo has a long history with Humboldt penguin and leg-banded wild birds on Zoo grounds to conservation in their native range, restricted to determine the numbers and species using the area the coasts of Peru and Chile . In 1994, we initiated as a stopover migration site . To date, the team has a long-term research program to study a breeding identified 183 species of native migratory birds, colony of the species in Algarrobo, Chile . • In 1999, with Zoological Society funds, we Collision abatement coordinated nearly a decade of annual censuses of the Chilean Humboldt penguin population . • In 2015, a project began with Dr . Tony Goldberg at the University of Wisconsin-Madison to use molecular techniques to determine the population’s health status . Samples collected over time from Humboldts residing in the Algarrobo colony were analyzed for avian viruses . Review of nesting and mate data revealed several same-sex pairs, both male and female, that stayed together over several breeding seasons, and that had eggs and/or successfully raised chicks . Molecular genetics work began to determine the relatedness of the adults and where possible, the chicks .

21 Milwaukee Ape Heart Project In collaboration with the GAHP, grant funds In 2016, the Milwaukee County Zoo was proud to host were awarded to study finger blood pressure the Great Ape Heart Project meeting. measurements in awake bonobos in 8 different U.S. zoos. The project is based on pilot data performed Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy at our Zoo documenting hypertension in awake (ARVC), discovered in one of our bonobos in 2013, has bonobos trained to voluntarily cooperate with finger now also been identified in most great ape species, blood pressure measurement. The current project’s and is inheritable in humans. In humans, ARVC causes goal is to develop normal ranges for finger blood replacement of the normal heart muscle with fatty pressure and identify critical points for therapeutic tissue in the right ventricle, leading to heart disease, intervention with anti-hypertensive medication. fatal arrhythmias and early death. We continue exploring the genetic mutations that may cause ARVC The Bonobo Cardiovascular Database is housed at in bonobos through collaboration with a molecular our Zoo and is an integral partner of the Great Ape genetics team at the Medical College of Wisconsin. Heart Project. Whole genomic sequencing has been performed and are being analyzed on three bonobos at the National Great Ape Research For years, we’ve provided researchers access to Sequencing Laboratory. our great apes. Positive-reinforcement training by With the assistance of grant funds from the Great staff has resulted in the willing participation of our Ape Heart Project (GAHP). A high quality digital bonobos, gorillas and orangutans in groundbreaking laptop cardiac ultrasound machine was obtained. studies for health, cognition, tool use and behavior. Since many of our apes are trained for voluntary The apes can leave the research area whenever they echocardiograms, this portable machine is housed wish, but almost always respond positively to attention, at our Zoo. It can easily be taken “patient side” for praise and the challenge of solving puzzles. digital echos which are uploaded to a Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS) for analysis by our consulting cardiologists.

Bonobo

22 Additional Conservation Efforts There are numerous Zoo staff, Zoological Society staff, Zoo Pride volunteers and other associates working outside their normal duties, voluntarily supporting conservation efforts worldwide . A few examples from 2016: Animal Awareness Days: American Association of Tree Kangaroo and Elephant Zookeepers/Milwaukee Chapter • We hosted two zookeeper-driven events this year Our zookeepers established the Milwaukee AAZK showcasing elephants and tree kangaroos . Visitors Chapter (MAAZK) in 1975. Current MAAZK chapter joined in activities and learned about Zoo care for members are from both our Zoo and the Racine these animals as well as conservation needs in Zoo. Officers and members volunteer to oversee the wild . Both days featured zookeeper talks and fundraising events, many taking place on Zoo take-home materials on conservation organizations . grounds. The MAAZK chapter also hosts the Zoo’s In addition to Awareness Days, we also offered World in-house Lunchtime Lecture series. Penguin Day and the AZA-driven Endangered Species In 2016, the MAAZK chapter hosted several Day (S .A .F .E) when our rhinoceros “vanished” for the fundraising events, donating proceeds to day, drawing attention to the idea these animals may conservation projects/organizations, including: “disappear” in the future, if not conserved . * AAZK Bowling for Rhinos Orangutan Conservation * Trees for You and Me Fundraiser * Timberwolf Alliance • In 2016, orangutan conservation was supported * Denver Zoo – Bear TAG through public donations, Zoo Conservation Fund donations, palm oil awareness events and sales * Belize Zoo and Neotropical Conservancy of orangutan artwork . Held in conjunction with * Tree Kangaroo Conservation Program Mother’s Day, Missing Orangutan Mothers (M .O .M .) * Friends of the Henry Vilas Zoo is an annual awareness and fundraising event held in the Primates of the World building, focusing * F .C . Salamanders on the plight of orangutans in the wild . Proceeds * Caledonia Conservancy benefitted redapes.org . * Orangutan Outreach Polar Bears International Arctic Ambassador • Since 2008, the Zoo has been an Arctic Ambassador Center for Polar Bears International (PBI) . Volunteers again staffed an educational booth at the Zoo’s Party for the Planet event to teach visitors about the issues facing polar bears in the wild, and how simple tasks like using reusable shopping bags can help .

Polar bear

23 Other Research and Studies • Conservation genetics of African and Asian The Zoo assists in many scientific studies and rhinoceroses collaborative research projects by providing facilities, • Immunocontraception of female ovids and caprids staff expertise, data and an environment conducive to • Differentiating notch marks made on bones animal studies . The Zoo Research Committee reviews by hyenas from those made by humans all research proposals to ensure the welfare of the animals is protected . Studies that the Zoo conducted, • Compressive myelopathy and bladder atony collaborated with, participated in or that were in a male snow leopard published in 2016 include: • Artificial burrows to improve the breeding • Grenada frog observations in the field and success of Humboldt penguins in Chile captivity: conservation implications • Evaluating the conservation value of worldwide • Gene analysis in a bonobo with arrhythmogenic zoological institutions right ventricular cardiomyopathy • Histological evaluation of tree kangaroo • Cognition in bonobos as it relates to reproductive tissues human cognition The Zoo also maintains a storage library of frozen • Measurements of hormone levels for reproductive or preserved blood, biopsy tissue and necropsy management of hippos tissue samples, available for approved research • Fetal brain development in bonobos and humans: upon request . an ultrasonographic study Presentations/Publications • Age-related changes in thyroid hormone levels The Animal Division staff deliver more than 1,000 of bonobos formal presentations and innumerable informal • Evidence of philopatry and natal dispersal in presentations to the visiting public. In addition, Humboldt penguins Zoo staff develop programs, publish articles and • Using science to understand zoo elephant welfare research papers, and deliver presentations locally, regionally and internationally to contribute to • Metacestode infection in a juvenile Bornean conservation efforts. orangutan • Laterality in non-communicative behaviors in captive bonobos • Nutrient loading from hippos and their effect on river ecosystem function • Comparing chimpanzee and bonobo communication and neurobiology

Matschie’s tree kangaroo

24 Hippopotamus

25 Cooperative Animal Management Programs Through Species Survival Plans®, the Zoo cooperates with all AZA members to enhance the survival of endangered species in our collections and in the wild . Groups of scientists and collaborating experts develop breeding plans to protect the genetic variations of each species . Collaborative programs also are developed with range countries to assist in conservation of these animals and their wild counterparts . The Zoo also participates in AZA Species Studbooks to manage the propagation and reduce the inbreeding of zoo animal populations, and AZA Taxon Advisory Groups (TAGs) to develop strategies for the long-term management of animal groups . The Zoo collaborates with all of the Species Studbooks, SSPs and TAGs appropriate for our animal collection, which include:

Species Studbooks Barbet, Bearded Hornbill, Great Penguin, Boa, Virgin Islands (Caya Diablo) Iguana, Grand Cayman Blue Long-Crested Rockhopper Boa, Virgin Islands (St . Thomas) Iguana, Jamaican Tapir, Baird’s (Central American) Cichlid, Lake Victoria – Ishameli Monkey, Diana Tapir, Malayan (Asian) Cichlid, Lake Victoria – Moose Melanopterus Peafowl, Congo

Species Survival Plans® Alligator, Chinese Hyena, Spotted Pigeon, Green-Naped Pheasant Aracari, Green Ibis, Scarlet Pigeon, Nicobar Bat, Straw-Colored Fruit Ibis, Waldrapp Pigeon, Victoria-Crowned Bear, Polar Jaguar Rail, Guam Bluebird, Fairy Jay, Plush Crested Rattlesnake, Aruba Island Bongo, Eastern Kangaroo, Red Rattlesnake, Eastern Massasauga Bonobo Kingfisher, Micronesian Rhea, Greater Callimico Kookaburra, Laughing Rhinoceros, Eastern Black Cat, Black-Footed Kudu, Greater Roller, Blue-Bellied Cheetah Laughing Thrush, White-Crested Screamer, Crested Cichlid, Lake Victoria Lemur, Black and White Ruffed Sea Lion, California Colobus, Angolan Lemur, Mongoose Seal, Harbor Colobus, Guereza Lemur, Red Ruffed Siamang Dikkop, Spotted Lemur, Ring-Tailed Spider Monkey, Central American Dove, Black-Naped Fruit Leopard, Snow Spider Monkey, Robust Black Eland, Common Lion Spoonbill, African Elephant Macaque, Japanese Starling, Golden-Breasted Flamingo, Caribbean Mandrill Stilt, Black-Necked Fox, Fennec Monkey, DeBrazza’s Stork, Abdim’s (White-Bellied) Frogmouth, Tawny Moose Stork, Marabou Gazelle, Addra Motmot, Blue Crowned Sunbittern Giraffe, Reticulated & Rothschild Mynah, Bali Tamarin, Cotton-Top Gorilla, Western Lowland Orangutan, Bornean Tamarin, Golden Lion Heron, Boat-Billed Orangutan, Sumatran Tamarin, Golden-Headed Lion Hippopotamus Panda, Red Tanager, Turquoise Hornbill, Rhinoceros Penguin, Gentoo Teal, Marbled Penguin, Humboldt Tern, Inca Penguin, Short-Crested Rockhopper Tiger, Amur 26 Species Survival Plans® cont’d Tiger, Generic Tree Kangaroo, Matschie’s Weaver, White-Headed Buffalo Tiger, Malayan Turaco, Violaceous Zebra, Grevy’s Tiger, Sumatran Vulture, King Zebra, Plains Toad, Puerto Rican Crested Warthog

Taxon Advisory Groups Amphibian Crocodilian Pangolin, Aardvark, Xenarthra Antelope and Giraffe Deer (Cervid/Tragulid) Parrot Ape Elephant Penguin Aquatic Invertebrate Equid Piciformes Bat Felid Prosimian Bear Freshwater Fishes Raptor Bison, Buffalo, Cattle Galliformes Ratite and Tinamiformes Canid and Hyaenid Gruiformes Rhinoceros Caprinae Lizard Rodent, Insectivore, Lagomorph Charadriiformes Marine Fishes Small Carnivore Chelonian Marine Mammal Snake Ciconiiformes Marsupial and Monotreme Tapir Phoenicopteriformes New World Primate Terrestrial Invertebrate Columbiformes Old World Monkey Turaco and Cuckoo Coraciiformes PACCT (Passerines) Wild Pig, Peccary and Hippo

Red Panda

27 Professional Program Management Zoo staff members hold management positions in national and international programs through the AZA and other conservation entities . These management positions include: • Director • Zookeeper Adviser • Enrichment Committee Milwaukee Ape Heart Project Bonobo SSP Elephant Managers Association • Manager • Scientific Advisory Board • Ethics Committee Bonobo Cardiovascular Database Urban Ecology Center Association of Zoo Veterinary • Board of Directors • Animal Care Manual Team Technicians International Rhino Keeper Bonobo • Grants Committee Association • Accreditation Inspectors National American Association • Chair Association of Zoos and Aquariums of Zookeepers Humboldt Penguin SSP • Program Manager • Conservation Committee • Veterinary Advisor American College of Zoological National American Association Bonobo SSP, Ape TAG, Humboldt Medicine Residency Program of Zookeepers Penguin SSP, Penguin TAG • Co-editor • Animal Welfare Committee • Examination Committee American Association of Liaison between National AAZK Academy of Veterinary Zoological Zookeepers Animal Keeper Forum and AZA Medicine Technicians • Reviewer • Outreach Coordinator • Management Group Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Diseases Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake SSP Bonobo SSP • Behavioral Husbandry Committee • Steering Committee American Association of • Partner Institution Data Management Zookeepers Seafood Watch Program Adviser Group, Freshwater Fish • Executive Committee In addition, members of the Zoo staff TAG, Lake Victoria Cichlid SSP, Association of Zoo Veterinary are officers of the Milwaukee Chapter Great Ape Heart Project, Ape TAG, Technicians of the AAZK . Penguin TAGBear TAG • Research Advisory Committee • SSP Coordinator/Studbook Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake Keeper/Point Person Yellow-Backed Duiker, Tayra, • Education Committee Canada Lynx Elephant Managers Association

Facilities and Improvements A considerable number of animal area infrastructure projects were completed in 2016. Most of these are not noticed by the public, but are critical for the continued operation of the Zoo and the well-being of the animals. The projects included: animal life-support systems, heating, ventilating, electrical and plumbing upgrades, roof replacements and other behind-the-scenes renovations.

Humboldt penguin

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The division oversees: Administration and Finance • Zoo Administration Zoo Administration • Cash Management, Financial and Zoo Administration provides for effective leadership for all Zoo Capital Project Planning functions and responsibilities. Under this leadership, initial site • Accounts Payable and Receivable preparation and demolition work began on “Adventure Africa’s” first phase. Building footings and foundations construction and • General Office Services (Coordinates security, emergency medical support, utility installation were completed on the new west entrance; reception and switchboard, radio new POS installation also began. dispatch and clerical support) In conjunction with the County Executive’s office, two • Information Technology performance management goals were developed to be accomplished by 2020: • Program and Audience Evaluation and Research Services • Reach a financial sustainability ratio of 80% by growing revenues and implementing operational efficiencies and/or • Zoo Green and Guest Experience cost savings while maintaining assets at an acceptable level Committees • Zoo-wide Performance Measures/Goals • Contribute equivalent of 3% of the budget toward conservation and research efforts through field • Human Resources conservation, education, staff programs and training, • Employee Safety and Training green practices and conservation Results for 2016 show a 2% increase to 73% over the sustainability ratio. The Zoo generated $696,511 or 2.79% of the budget toward the conservation goal. The Zoo ended the year with a total operating budget of $24,667,245 of which 73% or $17,913,903 was generated from revenues and 27% or $6,753,342 from property tax levy support.

Cash Management Giving Tree Responsibilities: • Reconciles cash receipts to our point-of-sale system • Prepares bank deposits • Prepares cash register starting banks and daily support of the cashiers for change and deposits of funds • Processes contract ride revenues • Improves monitoring of cashier discrepancies • Tracks the annual holiday Giving Tree donations As Accounting staff were needed to support 2016 Zoo Operations, this area took on additional duties updating financial spreadsheets and reports for management.

29 Financial and Capital Project Accounting Planning and Control (Accounts Payable and Receivable) The Accounting Manager was assigned as the POS Responsibilities: System Project Manager, and most accounting staff • Processes contracts, purchasing requisitions were identified as subject matter experts for this and receipts project and therefore key members of the Zoo POS team. • Monitors credit card system This section coordinates the budget process and • Reviews sales documentation balances the budget which can be challenging with • Prepares invoices limited funding, while service and entertainment • Tracks accounts receivable values are expected to be maintained, and new • Enters financial transactions into the revenue sources explored. general ledger Financial reporting and analysis continued to be performed on a daily, monthly and annual basis, Accounting staff have been instrumental in identifying with comparisons to the 2016 budget as well as discrepancies and assisting with problem resolution, to previous years. Review of the Zoo’s contracts in using the automated purchasing function in the continued as processes were reviewed and POS system. Effective coordination of travel requests enhancements implemented. Utilization of the and expenditures helped control these costs. Duties recent DocuSign functionality has expedited the related to uniform ordering and distribution also process of contracts being reviewed and signed continued, improving internal controls. Enhanced by the designated Milwaukee County departments. tracking of Group Sales event revenues by date allows for matching of these revenues with daily attendance. With assistance from IMSD (Milwaukee County Information Management Services Division) and The Accounting area has been instrumental in assisting the Milwaukee County Procurement Department, Zoo staff through the implementation of SciQuest, we completed the rigorous review of the new POS Milwaukee County’s new purchasing system which system proposals. FocusPoint 360 by KMIT was allows staff the ability to electronically enter chosen and awarded the project. KMIT staff met purchasing requests and receipts. regularly with Zoo and IMSD staff here and remotely to refine understanding of our specific needs and initiate training of Zoo staff. Implementation and Go Live will be integrated with FocusPoint 360 and occur primarily in February 2017. FocusPoint360 will be integrated with Milwaukee County’s purchasing system and the Zoological Society’s membership. Then, once the Society implements its new POS system, it’s anticipated the Society’s education registrations also will be integrated with FocusPoint360 to the extent needed to facilitate Zoo admission. Seagrass, new cash management equipment and software, was purchased in 2016, with implementation occurring in spring 2017, after the new completed POS system.

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General Office Services Information Technology (IT) Responsibilities: Zoo IT Support position • Coordinates security, emergency medical support • Allows for improvement in preparation, usage • Services the reception and switchboard areas and monitoring of financial information through POS and Milwaukee County financial systems • Assists Zoo divisions with radio dispatch and clerical support as needed • Inventory modifications continue for the Stockroom and resale items The switchboard operates a two-channel ultra-high frequency (UHF) system on the Zoo grounds used Information Technology functions were provided by staff for communications and coordination . by Zoo staff, Milwaukee County’s Department of This system helps in coordination of operations, Administration – Information Management Services maintenance, animal care and any Zoo emergency . Division (IMSD) and outside consultants . The Zoo IT Support position reports through IMSD but directly supports the Zoo . The Zoo has continued to partner Wally Stuart, the Zoo’s longtime with a variety of IMSD technical staff resources to switchboard operator passed away assist primarily with connectivity, the point-of-sale, in 2016. He was a kind, gentle soul inventory and event management systems . IMSD that touched the lives of many staff have helped control the Zoo’s expenses by guests and employees. He dedicated on-site troubleshooting . more than 24 years of service to the Milwaukee County Zoo and will be missed by all.

Program/Audience Evaluation • Conducts other studies with internal personnel like Zoo staff, Society staff and volunteers and Research Services Program/Audience Evaluation Specialist • Shares findings internally and externally where appropriate; including submitting information • Investigates Zoo guests’ experiences to grantors/funders via research studies In 2016, studies looked at guest • Designs research, collects response to BUGS! Larger than Life, and analyzes data and post-event online survey with reports results for studies Party for the Planet migration examining aspects of a game participants, observations of Zoo visit; including exhibit education program participants at content, programming and the Zoo’s Nature Play site and data special events compilation for multiple programs • Encompasses ongoing both on- and off-site. annual research such Annually, the Zoo interviews guests as the exit poll, and other at the end of their visit to gauge the studies requested from Zoo’s performance on several metrics, Zoo divisions learn about motivation for visiting, and • Coordinates the Guest gauge their experiences at the Zoo Experience Committee (GEC) to identify areas for improvement. • Collects information Several aspects of their experience is from guests and staff rated on a scale of 1-5; the average necessary for the master rating for 2016 was between 4 and 5, indicating high levels of planning process BUGS! Larger than Life performance overall.

31 Guest Experience Committee (GEC) Green Committee Serving to improve the overall experience This committee’s mission is to identify, advance and of the Zoo visit, this committee addresses promote policies and practices that minimize negative topics such as: impact and maximize environmental benefits, through • Customer service comprehensive input and collaboration from all Zoo areas. • Interdepartmental communication • Amenities and offered experiences The Zoo has implemented recycling programs and conservation-minded projects for many years. The GEC is coordinated by the Zoo’s Program/ Audience Evaluation Specialist and consists of staff Recycling efforts include: Cell phones, printer cartridges, aluminum cans, from each Zoo division working in concert with light bulbs, food and motor oils, scrap metals, Zoological Society staff. restaurant cups, plastic bottles, paper and coffee Using feedback from guests and input from staff, the grinds. The Zoo’s energy-savings program of committee determines what barriers negatively affect upgraded electrical, natural gas, water and sewer a visit and how they can be mitigated. Factors of an infrastructure continues to produce savings in impactful experience are considered, along with ways utilities. Green-friendly practices also have been to include those in daily operations. used in building construction and other projects. The STAR (Sharing Thanks and Rewards) program continued this year, 88 staff members were 2016 Highlights • Pepsi Recycling Program: 35,560 pounds recognized 161 times for exceeding expectations in enhancing a guest’s Zoo visit. and 718,312 units of materials were recycled . Since June 2015 inception, 54,140 pounds and 1,093,628 units have been recycled • Implemented an herbivore animal waste composting program with Blue Ribbon Organics, diverting 550 tons of waste annually from a landfill • Developed a Clean Energy Plan with the following goals to be attained by 2020: 20% reduction on electricity and natural gas consumption 30% reduction in water use 50% reduction in vehicle fuel consumption 20% increase in renewable energy sources

We continued to partner with the University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point Waste Management Intern Program to review our waste stream and costs for both the Zoo’s recycling and waste disposal to find operational and cost efficiencies. The intern handles waste audits, a Zoo Employee Electronic Recycling Day and researched and recommended green products, and mapped all garbage cans and recycling bins with a one-to-one waste-to-recycling bin goal. 32 • Our Concessions Section has implemented the following: Began using plant-based, biodegradable PLA plastic cups Eliminated all Styrofoam products Eliminated bleached napkins Began using single-utensil dispensers for all plastic cutlery; reducing plastic usage by 30% versus prepackaged cutlery Added produce waste with animal herbivore waste for composting • Generated over 17 .4 megawatt hours through solar power Carbon offset of 12 tons Offset equivalent of 282 trees Employee evaluations continue to include green goals • Began an urban wood program that reuses Zoo wood from damaged and/or diseased trees for construction projects • Continued to grow some fresh produce for animal food and enrichment gardens

2016 Grants/Certifications/Awards: • Keep Greater Milwaukee Beautiful IDEAL Education Award for teaching principles and value of sustainability and environmental stewardship • Travel Green Wisconsin Certification with the State of Wisconsin continued • $5,000 American Transmission Company grant to continue tree planting efforts • $10,910 grant from the U .S . Forest Service (Land Restoration) to continue invasive plant species removal and land restoration efforts

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Human Resources DIVERSITY COMMITTEE Responsibilities: • Provides opportunities for better understanding • Provides guidance and direction to managers of civil rights by Zoo personnel for employee discipline, coaching, improving • Consists of seven representatives from various performance or conduct, and measures divisions who make recommendations concerning performance equal opportunities for all employees regardless • Interprets policies, county ordinances, civil of race, color, sex, sexual orientation, religion, service rules and educates managers to apply national origin, age, handicap and other policies in employment-related matters non-merit factors • Researches and responds to employee concerns • Provides information and addresses particular • Responds to daily queries from Zoo staff concerns or complaints on behalf of Zoo staff • Provides guidance and leadership to managers • Offers outreach activities to promote diversity on the development of departmental procedures in the workplace and rules • Facilitates employee and management training • Assists managers with workforce planning and Safety and Training Responsibilities: recruitment processes • Instructs employees on regulatory compliance, 2016 Highlights security, fire code compliance and emergency response and training • Assisted managers with development of seasonal hiring procedures and orientation • Maintains occupational health programming and of new seasonal staff training. Assesses workplace hazards, developes safe work practices and assigns proper personal • Worked with the Milwaukee County Department protective equipment of Human Resources to process applications and hire for the positions of zoo workers and Family • Maintains material safety data sheets, pesticide Farm attendants usage reports, annual Tier II reports and the annual OSHA log • Assisted in recruitment and hiring of full-time • Oversees accident investigation and on-site Zoo employees security system maintenance and surveillance • Worked with the Milwaukee County Department programming of Human Resources to inform, train and provide guidance to Zoo employees regarding Milwaukee This section coordinates and provides identification County’s recruitment system performance badges, secures entry points and conducts annual appraisals and corrective action procedures seasonal orientations. It performs routine hazardous waste removal and storage, and identification audits to ensure compliance with state and federal regulations. State and federal compliance regulations mandate the annual safety training programming conducted by this section. In addition to required programming, the Safety and Training Section continues to coordinate and promote the annual Employee Safety and Health Fair. Marketing and Communications The Marketing and Communications Division consists of four sections: Group Sales, Public Relations, Special Events and Special Programs. In addition to these areas, the division is responsible for the overall marketing, promotion and advertising of the Zoo. 34

Group Sales Contracts and manages all outside events with corporate, non-profit and private groups to host unique events with the Zoo as their backdrop Group Sales coordinates events for more than 14 rental facilities and six picnic areas throughout the Zoo . Areas include the Peck Welcome Center, Zoofari Center and a variety of other animal buildings . An exclusive entire Zoo rental is an option for larger clients . This section is also responsible for children’s birthday parties, team-building events and group tours . The online consignment ticket option continues to grow, along with the advanced ticket sales facilitated through this division . Group Sales continued its relationship with the Wisconsin Park and Recreation Association, distributing tickets to state park and recreation departments .

Special Events Boo at the Zoo – Oct. 14 & 15 Responsibilities: • Visitors received their own set of bat ears, heard • Coordinates more than 16 special events held on Zoo bat talks and joined in a haystack maze . Hundreds grounds, drawing hundreds of thousands of visitors. of carved pumpkins and other Halloween artistry were displayed . 2016 Highlights Attendance: 12,128 Party for the Planet – May 14 -15 • Guests helped plant a pollinator garden, pledged to reduce plastic bag consumption and “migrated” as a polar bear along the Hudson Bay searching for food . Attendance: 9,592 Senior Celebration – Sept. 2 • Guests 55 and older received free admission, played bingo, visited 40+ health and wellness exhibits and listened to a variety of music . Also hosted a 1-mile wellness walk and distributed free ice cream and cookies . Attendance: 5,544 Family Farm Weekend – Sept. 10-11 • Celebrated our Family Farm with pedal-tractor pull demos, milk-chugging and pickle-eating contests . Guests made ice cream, peanut butter and lemonade . Also hosted a farmer’s market, cow-milking demos and animal talks . Attendance: 10,448 35 Special Programs Social Media Responsibilities: Responsibilities: • Oversees Oceans of Fun Seal & Sea Lion Show, • Communicating and promoting the Zoo through the temporary summer special exhibit and online means using a variety of platforms audiovisual services including: Facebook, Twitter and Instagram • Works directly with the Zoological Society, Facebook serving as a liaison for all Zoological Society Followers: 73,956 events taking place at the Zoo Impressions: 46,471,355 2016 Highlights Reach: 23,689,129 • The Oceans of Fun Seal & Sea Lion Show is a • The year’s highlights included our biggest post 20-minute presentation which entertains and to date, announcing giraffe Zola’s birth, reaching educates visitors about seals and sea lions through 1 .2+ million people, and was liked 11,000 times a live animal show . The shows generated more than Twitter $120,000 in revenue, welcoming 53,062 visitors . Followers: 6,379 • During the summer exhibit, BUGS! Larger than Impressions in 2016: 618,300 Life, the Zoo displayed gigantic outdoor robotic Top tweet: Tiger cubs’ birth announcement bugs, delighting 137,376 visitors, and generating Instagram $249,000+ in revenue . The Special Programs Followers: 6,925 Section coordinated and supervised exhibit staff . Impressions: 240,000+ • The section again partnered with the Zoological • 177% increase in followers in 2017 Society, serving as a liaison to facilitate all of the Society’s events at the Zoo . This partnership serves to strengthen the overall relationship between the Zoo and the Zoological Society . • Zoo operations were enhanced by the efforts of the Audiovisual Section . Areas served included: the Animal Division, Public Relations, Social Media, Group Sales and Special Events . Photos, videos and visual presentations were used for newspaper and magazine articles, animal identification, Zoo website, social media platforms, marketing and promotional campaigns, collateral pieces and audiovisual needs of Group Sales clients .

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Media Relations Responsibilities: • Promotes special events and animal collection through traditional public relations efforts, writes news releases, brochures and flyers and internal newsletter, develops website content and responds to visitor online inquiries, pitches stories to media locally, regionally and nationally.

In 2016, the Zoo received positive media coverage, through a variety of mediums including broadcast, print, electronic and online means . Subjects covered included animal births and acquisitions, special events, conservation initiatives and special exhibits . A range of publications featured Zoo stories, such as the daily newspaper, the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, Metroparent magazine, and community newspapers Wauwatosa Now and the Waukesha Freeman . The Zoo was also regularly featured on the local weekday and weekend morning television programs, either on-site, or in-studio . One of the year’s highlights was the Associated Press coverage of our Amur tiger cubs, which resulted in media stories published and aired throughout the country, reaching as far away as Florida .

37 Operations In 2016’s fourth quarter, the Operations Division was reorganized to include these areas: Merchandising/Gift Shops, Visitor Services and Concessions and Catering . The oversight of these functions was moved to the Administration and Finance Division .

Visitor Services Merchandising/Gift Shops Responsibilities: Responsibilities: • Collects admission and parking fees • Coordinates all aspects of Zoo retail sales; • Operates the miniature train, carousel, Zoomobile, including purchasing, receiving, tagging, ordering, stroller rentals, Sky Safari, dog kennels and the stocking, selling merchandise, sundries, and Mold-a-Rama machine customer service • Generates revenue from untraditional sources This section meets and greets guests upon entering like revenue share contracts with face painting, the Zoo, providing them with information for their zip line and penny presses visit. In 2016, the Visitor Services staff admitted more than 1.3 million visitors. This section generated more than $1.5 million in revenue in 2016. 2016 Highlights • Replaced wooden train trestle 2016 Highlights • Partnered with Brew City Brand, bringing local • Rebuilt passenger train coach apparel to the Zoo • Added 85 spaces to the main parking lot • Refreshed furniture, fixtures and equipment in • Worked with the Grand Avenue Club, designed to Karibu Gift Shop assist individuals with special needs to enter the • Implemented an exit retail program, generating workplace and increase their level of independence $18,500 in revenue • Completed staff support for all regular Zoo hours • Implemented “Two for $32 Plush Program” to events or after-hours events in conjunction with generate larger retail transactions Group Sales, Marketing and Communications, Education and the Zoological Society

38 • Added “no mow” long turf plantings at Dall Sheep Exhibit, Family Farm and native plantings at the Black Bear Exhibit • Restored turf at Caribou Field following heavy impact from construction • Recycled 30 cubic yards of derelict nursery pots and damaged mini-lights

The Forestry Section supports the Zoo in a variety of ways: • Clears storm-damaged trees • Prunes trees; provides propping for animal exhibits • Operates heavy equipment • Restores train bridges with wood milled from Zoo trees

2016 Highlights • Inventoried and entered 5,000+ trees into the new web-based inventory system, a powerful tool in managing our urban forest Grounds and Horticulture • Received grants from American Transmission Responsibilities: Company, United States Forest Service and Kohl’s • Transports animals Associates in Action, totaling $11,920; funds benefitted habitat restoration, invasive species • Removes animal waste removal and tree planting • Assists in renovation and repair of animal exhibits • Coordinated and participated in the Wisconsin • Prepares private events Arborist Day of Service; 30+ professional arborists • Removes trash, litter and recyclable materials donated time, equipment and expertise to accomplish much needed tree work at the Zoo • Plows and salts • Recycles leaves and brush • Worked with the Education Department to design and execute an outdoor children’s learning/play This section continued to support and work closely with space; includes two acres of woodlands and a the Animal Division, Special Events, Group Sales and network of trails and boardwalks for play/activity the Zoological Society. areas • Landscaped the West Entrance parking lot; filled, In addition to typical seasonal landscape graded and seeded islands, planted landscape-size maintenance, plantings and holiday/special trees and spruce trees and provided ongoing event preparations, this section had several maintenance to the area new endeavors: • Restored tropical Aviary plantings following • Utilized urban wood in many projects throughout roof reconstruction the Zoo including the summer exhibit and the • Helped to stage “BUGS! Larger than Life” with Jaguar Exhibit hundreds of plants and numerous larger-than-life • Planted 254 trees and shrubs on Zoo grounds props • Reorganized our Halloween special events to accommodate “Adventure Africa” construction

39 Stockroom Responsibilities: • Orders, ships, receives, delivers and monitors inventory controls • Stores all food, beverage, merchandise and administrative materials • Coordinates private contractors and outside vendors doing business with the Zoo • Rotates inventory for merchandising, restaurants, catering and Group Sales events • Ensures all health codes are followed and maintains a clean, safe work environment inside the warehouse and where products are delivered

The Stockroom supports all of the revenue-generating operations. Maintenance and Trades Responsibilities: • Maintains the buildings, grounds, exhibits and public areas • Maintains the electrical, plumbing and HVAC systems A considerable amount of infrastructure work Food Service and Catering is completed each year by the Maintenance and Responsibilities: Trades Division. • Services eight separate eatery locations, in addition to carts, kiosks and popcorn wagons 2016 Highlights • Provides catering and bartending services for • Remodeled all of the Aviary holding areas in a number of groups and meetings secured by the mezzanine, improved exhibits including the the Group Sales Section East Flight bridge • Serves a variety of beverages in the Coffee Shop • Completed numerous fencing and construction projects throughout the Zoo • Services the Family Farm Dairy Store • Designed and built the “Bug Shack” for summer The Concessions and Catering operations provide our exhibit, BUGS! Larger than Life guests with food, beverages, and personable service. • Installed a new roof for the off-exhibit vulture hutch 2016 Highlights • Maintained all of the HVAC systems, and hidden • Implemented ICEE frozen beverages throughout infrastructure operating and in proper condition the grounds, generating $300,000+ in revenue • Opened Dippin’ Dots Sundae Store near Lake Custodial The Custodial Section is responsible for keeping Evinrude; generating $70,000+ in revenue buildings clean for our visitors and staff, and our exit • Designed and implemented digital menus for surveys continue to show a high level of satisfaction Flamingo, Lakeview and Woodland Retreat with the cleanliness of our facilities.This section is integral to the success of our Group Sales events, and to the overall impression visitors have of the Zoo.

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4341

Zoo Operating Expenses (Financials) Zoological Department (Unaudited) REVENUES 2016 Adjusted Budget 2016 Actual Year-to-Date Variance ( ) = Deficit Total Admissions $5,680,139 $4,777,565 ($902,574) Less Group Sales $1,448,086 $905,531 ($542,555) Net Operational Admissions $4,232,053 $3,872,034 ($360,019) Concessions $3,810,181 $3,628,639 ($181,542) Catering $175,000 $174,100 ($900) Novelties $1,874,947 $1,586,893 ($288,054) Parking $1,290,000 $1,467,427 $177,427 Special Exhibit Admissions $300,000 $220,820 ($79,180) Sea Lion Show $195,819 $120,551 ($75,268) Vending Machine Commissions $273,900 $224,116 ($49,784) Strollers $130,000 $94,314 ($35,686) Animal Rides $32,000 $19,675 ($12,325) Total Group Sales $2,418,866 $1,914,066 ($504,800) Carousel $221,252 $188,548 ($32,704) SkyRide $251,722 $161,767 ($89,955) Society Memberships $3,106,554 $3,073,446 ($33,108) Donations $146,500 $146,115 ($386) Other Private Funding $0 $0 $0 Sponsorships $294,000 $410,726 $116,726 Miscellaneous Revenue $1,066,840 $1,073,469 $6,629 Sales Tax ($460,000) ($462,803) ($2,803) TOTAL REVENUES $19,359,634 $17,913,903 ($1,445,731)

EXPENDITURES 2016 Adjusted Budget 2016 Actual Year-to-Date Variance ( ) = Deficit Personnel Services $9,159,877 $9,159,877 ($0) Fringe Benefits $3,422,773 $3,422,764 $9 Contractural Services/Commodities $9,863,698 $8,743,923 $1,119,775 Capital Outlay $1,605,520 $1,243,094 $362,426 Internal Service Charges $2,158,260 $2,097,586 $60,674 TOTAL EXPENDITURES $25,936,514 $24,667,245 $1,269,269

TAX LEVY $6,576,880 $6,753,342 ($176,462) ATTENDANCE 1,309,500 1,329,361 19,861

Southern ground hornbill

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Zoo Trust Funds (Unaudited) Railroad Trust Fund REVENUES 2016 Adjusted Budget 2016 Actual Year-to-Date Variance ( ) = Deficit Zoomobile Revenue $74,169 $63,340 ($10,829)

Miniature Train Revenue $660,000 $756,818 $96,818

Earnings on Investments $1,000 $4,395 $3,395

Donations and Reserve Contribution $674,140 $479,652 ($194,488)

Other Revenue $38,777 $41,703 $2,926

Sales Tax ($31,000) ($35,268) ($4,268)

TOTAL REVENUES $1,417,086 $1,310,640 ($106,446)

EXPENDITURES 2016 Adjusted Budget 2016 Actual Year-to-Date Variance ( ) = Deficit Personnel Services $350,863 $190,666 $160,197

Fringe Benefits $82,240 $82,240 $0

Contractual Services/Commodities $351,562 $231,591 $119,971

Conservation Projects $13,000 $8,507 $4,493

Capital Outlay $627,731 $411,664 $216,067

Internal Service Charges $15,400 $16,043 ($643)

TOTAL EXPENDITURES $1,440,796 $940,710 $500,086 NET INCOME (LOSS) ($23,710) $369,930 $393,640 Fund Balance January 1, 2016 $1,415,219

Mid-Year Balance Transfer ($425,000)

Net Income $369,930

Fund Balance December 31, 2016 $1,360,149

Specimen Trust Fund REVENUES 2016 Adjusted Budget 2016 Actual Year-to-Date Variance ( ) = Deficit Earnings on Investments $600 $954 $354

Animal Sales/Milk Sales $16,200 $16,846 $646

Giraffe Experience $26,235 $43,783 $17,548

Gifts & Donations $1,500 $730 ($770)

Other Miscellaneous Revenue $0 $1,978 $1,978

Reserve Contribution $17,079 $0 ($17,079)

TOTAL REVENUE $61,614 $64,290 $2,676

EXPENDITURES 2016 Adjusted Budget 2016 Actual Year-to-Date Variance ( ) = Deficit Contractual Services/Commodities $61,944 $34,708 $27,236

Internal Service Charges $0 $0 $0

TOTAL EXPENDITURES $61,944 $34,708 $27,236 NET INCOME (LOSS) ($330) $29,583 $29,913 Fund Balance January 1, 2016 $310,291

Net Income $29,583

Fund Balance December 31, 2016 $339,874

ZOO TRUST FUNDS Total Trust Revenue 2016 $1,374,930

Less Total Trust Expenditures 2016 ($975,418)

2015 NET INCOME (LOSS) $399,512 43 Zoological Society of Milwaukee The mission of the Zoological Society of Milwaukee is to conserve wildlife and endangered species, educate people about the importance of wildlife and the environment, and support the Milwaukee County Zoo .

Zoo Support • Zoo Ball, the Society’s biggest fundraiser of the year, The Zoological Society of Milwaukee supports raised $494,843 with its theme of Hollywood & Vine . the Milwaukee County Zoo through restricted and That includes $51,880 from an extremely successful unrestricted funds and direct services. Half of all appeal to raise money for elephant enrichment items . revenue raised by the Zoo Pass membership program Other fundraising events organized by the Associate goes to the Zoo in unrestricted funds. The Society Board raised $411,185 . provides additional funds through its Annual Appeal and procurement of sponsorships for Zoo attractions Creative Department and events. It funds two residency programs at the The Society’s Creative Department of five artists Zoo’s Animal Health Center, helping train future and a researcher provides writing, graphics and exotic animal veterinarians. The Society’s Creative design support to the Zoo as well as to the Society. Department designs signs, banners, pamphlets and The department completed more than 650 projects many other items for the Zoo. Other areas of support in fiscal year 2016, from full-color magazines and include Zoo Pride volunteer service and information invitations to videos, banners and interactive exhibits. technology. In fiscal year 2016, the Zoological Society Highlights include the design and installation of new provided $7.9 million in cash and in-kind support digital screens for the Gorilla Exhibit, re-propping to the Zoo, plus $256,000 in direct project support. of the entrance to the Herb & Nada Mahler Family Aviary, the production of a bonobo blood pressure This year, the Society welcomed a new chief executive video for The Great Ape Heart Project, and branding officer, Jodi Gibson. Gibson is a Milwaukee native who and digital menu screens for two concessions areas. comes to the Society with experience in leadership positions at Kellogg Company, JCPenney and Feeding America’s national office.

Here are some highlights of the Zoological Society and its support of the Zoo in fiscal year 2016: Communications, Marketing & Membership • Zoo Pass membership grew to 48,627 households, raising nearly $6 .2 million . • The department raised a net of $133,000 for its Annual Appeal to help the colobus monkeys go outside . As a result of the appeal, the Zoo will be able to give the colobus monkeys access to an outdoor area . The project will also result in upgraded exhibit space for the mandrills Colobus monkey and siamangs . Photo by Richard Brodzeller • The Society’s Sponsor an Animal program raised $159,312 through animal sponsorships, Kids Conservation Club membership and the Zumba® Fitness Party at the Zoo .

44 Education The Zoological Society operates a robust Education Department on behalf of the Milwaukee County Zoo. The department served more than 280,000 people in fiscal year 2016 through everything from field trips to scouting programs to Kohl’s Wild Theater performances. It was an exciting year for the department as it received several grants to improve and expand its offerings. • In summer 2016, Kohl’s announced a donation of $1 .45 million over three years to the Zoological Society to continue the Kohl’s Wild Theater (KWT) program . KWT was initially created in 2010 through a $1 million grant from Kohl’s through its Kohl’s Cares philanthropic program . It has become the largest zoo-based theater group in the nation, performing free shows daily at the Milwaukee County Zoo in summer and year round at local schools, festivals and community centers . • An anonymous gift of $460,000 allowed the Education Department to create the Animal Connections Continuum . This pilot program will engage students at five elementary schools in a three-year program focused on empathy with animals and people . The department planned to launch the pilot version in 2017 . •Thrivent Mutual Funds contributed $100,000 to upgrade the technology at the Karen Peck Katz Conservation Education Center . The donation allowed the Education Department to buy digital Addison H., a kindergartner at Hawley Environmental microscopes, tablets, computers, multimedia School in Milwaukee, makes a mud pie during the Nature Play program. This program, currently in its pilot stage, projectors and an interactive touchscreen board . encourages children and families to learn by playing in The grant also will help pay for transportation nature. Photo by Bob Wickland for several schools, community centers or scout groups coming to education programs at the Zoo . conservation programming at the Zoo . The program • In memory of a long-time Zoological Society donor includes nature-themed activities, structures made and former Board member, Bernie Peck, the Bernard from Zoo urban wood and habitat restoration . Peck Education Scholarship Endowment Fund was In 2016, 120 children and adult partners from two established to provide scholarships for Zoo Classes schools were invited to participate . The children/ and Camps to children who otherwise might not adult pairs walked the timber trail, discovered have access to the Zoo . The fund recognizes the critters in the wooded space, built structures out legacy of Bernie Peck, who was dedicated to the of natural components and created eco-art . Society and Zoo, and his descendants who continue • The Society continued to serve families from around to support the Society . southeastern Wisconsin through field trips, scout • The department continued its programming in programs, Zoo Classes and Camps, and partnerships its outdoor Nature Play classroom developed in with organizations such as Big Brothers Big Sisters, 2015 . The Zoological Society received a second Milwaukee Public Schools, Betty Brinn Children’s $5,000 grant in 2016 from the Association of Museum and local community centers . Zoos & Aquariums to encourage nature play and 45 Cheetahs

46 Conservation • The Bonobo SSP held its biennial master planning The Zoological Society is proud of its conservation meeting at the Milwaukee County Zoo in July to work, particularly its work with the bonobo and other evaluate bonobo breeding pairs, discuss bonobo endangered animals in the Democratic Republic welfare and care, and make recommendations of Congo (DRC). The Bonobo & Congo Biodiversity for future breeding and transfers between zoos . Initiative (BCBI) studies and protects bonobos, an Representatives from the seven U .S . institutions endangered species of great ape, along with forest that house bonobos attended the meeting . elephants and other wildlife in the Salonga National • The Zoological Society also supports conservation Park, an immense rainforest ecosystem in the DRC. work done by Milwaukee County Zoo staff at the The Society also coordinates the Bonobo Species Zoo and around the world . Ongoing conservation Survival Plan®, which manages the captive bonobo initiatives involve coral reef and frogs in Grenada, population in North America. iguanas in the Caribbean, migratory birds at the • BCBI researchers discovered the largest Zoo and the Milwaukee Ape Heart Project . unfragmented bonobo population thus far described for the species . Approximately 4,100 Zoo Pride bonobos and 300 forest elephants exist in the Zoo Pride is the Zoological Society’s volunteer Watsi Kengo Sector of the Salonga National auxiliary. The Society and Zoo wouldn’t be able Park and receive protection by patrols sponsored to do nearly as much without the service of these by the Zoological Society . In March, BCBI completed volunteers. The department ended the year with a four-year intensive survey covering 2,600 square 425 active members who contributed 52,547 hours miles of dense rainforest, about one-fifth of the park . of service in areas such as events, education, conservation and visitor interaction. Volunteers • Between October 2015 and September 2016, serve on 39 committees, including the Forestry BCBI-supported patrols arrested 64 poachers, Committee added this year. destroyed 180 poaching camps, and confiscated 1,909 snares and four firearms .

Zoo Pride volunteer Lois Tetzlaff helps Sidney D., 7, sniff an enrichment item during Animal Enrichment Day. Zoo Pride has 425 active members who contributed 52,547 hours of service in fiscal year 2016. Photo by Stacy Kaat

47 ZSM Financial Summary Zoological Society of Milwaukee County – Year ending Sept . 30, 2016

SUPPORT & REVENUE COST OF SUPPORT & REVENUE (Support Services) MEMBERSHIP DUES from all Zoo Pass and Platypus Circle members ...... $6,913,228 MEMBERSHIP DUES Expense of providing benefits to all CONTRIBUTIONS Zoo Pass and Platypus Circle members ...... $1,708,681 toward projects, specific programs and support...... $825,665 SPECIAL EVENTS/PROGRAMS SPECIAL EVENTS/PROGRAMS/SPONSORSHIPS Expense of providing and promoting including animal sponsorship, Society special events/programs...... $511,173 Zoo Ball, education, Society and Zoo special events, and sponsorships...... $2,454,366 TOTAL COST OF SUPPORT & REVENUE (Support Services)...... $2,219,854 INTEREST INCOME...... $167,625

GRANTS...... $1,266,305 EXPENSES DIRECT PROJECT COSTS TOTAL SUPPORT & REVENUE...... $11,627,189 Expenses relative to projects and specific programs. . . . .$255,891

ZOO SUPPORT MEMBERSHIP DUES: 60% Direct cash and in-kind support to the Milwaukee SPECIAL EVENTS/PROGRAMS: 21% County Zoo, including expense of providing, promoting and supporting education, graphics, GRANTS: 11% special-exhibit projects, and Zoo special events...... $7,916,816 CONTRIBUTIONS: 7% RESEARCH/CONSERVATION INTEREST: 1% Expenses relating to state, national and international programs supporting species preservation...... $532,566

ZOO SUPPORT & GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE DIRECT PROJECT COSTS: 71% Expenses relating to daily Society operations ...... $425,488 SUPPORT SERVICES: 20% TOTAL EXPENSES...... $9,130,761

RESEARCH/CONSERVATION: 5% TOTAL COST OF SUPPORT AND EXPENSES. . . . $11,350,615 GENERAL & ADMINISTRATIVE: 4%

Orangutan

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Milwaukee County Executive Chris Abele

Milwaukee County Board Chairman Theodore Lipscomb, Sr...... 1st District

1st Vice Chair Peggy West ...... 12th District

2nd Vice Chair Steven F. Taylor...... 9th District

Board of Supervisors Deanna Alexander...... 18th District Eddie Cullen...... 15th District Marina Dimitrijevic...... 4th District Jason Haas...... 14th District Willie Johnson, Jr...... 13th District Michael Mayo...... 7th District Supreme Moore Omokunde.. . . 10th District Marcella Nicholson...... 5th District David L. Satori...... 8th District James “Luigi” Schmitt...... 6th District Dan Sebring ...... 11th District Anthony Staskunas...... 17th District Sequanna Taylor ...... 2nd District Sheldon Wasserman...... 3rd District John F. Weishan, Jr...... 16th District

The Milwaukee County Zoo offers equal opportunities for employees and visitors alike.

Editor: Jennifer Diliberti-Shea Designer: Kevin de Wane Photographer: Joel Miller (Unless otherwise noted)

10001 W. Bluemound Road Milwaukee, WI 53226 414-771-3040 milwaukeezoo.org

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