VISION

The Milwaukee County Zoo will be a zoo of renown with a reputation as a leader in animal management, conservation, research and education within a wholesome recreational environment enjoying the admiration of the citizens of Milwaukee County as well as all zoo guests and other zoos of the world.

MISSION STATEMENT The Milwaukee County Zoo will inspire public understanding, support and participation in global conservation of animal species and their environment by creating a unifying bond between our visitors and the living earth and provide an environment for personal renewal and enjoyment for our guests by:

• Contributing to world wide animal management, conservation and research efforts;

• Fostering sound physical, psychological and social development for the animal groups in our care;

• Sharing our knowledge with the intent to reinforce the human-animal-earth bond;

• Improving the quality of our professional development, administration and operating environment;

• Striving for the financial self-sufficiency of the organization;

• Continuing the public-private partnership with the Zoological Society of Milwaukee.

Cover photo: Western lowland gorilla, Sulaiman Inside cover photo: Cownose ray

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Address from the County Executive ...... 1 Letter from the Director ...... 2 Milwaukee County Zoo History ...... 3 2014 Highlights ...... 6 Animal Management and Health Division ...... 8 Zoo Staff Conservation and Research Projects . . . . .18 Additional Conservation Efforts ...... 22 Cooperative Animal Management Programs ...... 24 Administration and Finance ...... 27 Operations ...... 33 Operating Expenses ...... 36 Th e Milwaukee County Zoo and the Zoological Society ...... 38 County Executive and Board of Supervisors ...... 41 DEAR FRIENDS, For the Milwaukee County Zoo (MCZ), the year was marked by noteworthy conservation efforts, in the way of several significant animal births and acquisitions to the collection. The births were additions to the captive population of endangered and threatened species – once again positioning the Zoo as one of the leaders in captive propagation.

The Zoo’s next 20-year of a species facing dire threats in the wild. Also of major master plan initiatives significance was the birth of a male western lowland gorilla moved forward, with the named Sulaiman. Born in November to first-time mother, Zoo’s new west entrance Shalia, gorilla Sulaiman represents quite a rare birth in being among the first North American zoos. to be addressed. This new auxiliary parking and I thank the Zoo staff for its continued dedication and ticketing area is a result hard work. It takes the effort of everyone to make this of the Zoo Interchange organization prosper, and to continue to be considered Project reconstruction, such a treasure in our community. and the loss of 700 I would also like to acknowledge the relationship between parking spaces in the the Zoo and the Zoological Society of Milwaukee. Each year, Zoo’s existing lot. By May this public-private partnership helps strengthen the Zoo’s 2016, this plot of land overall mission. behind the Small County Executive Chris Abele Mammals building will be a functioning visitor entrance, complete with restroom facilities and merchandise and concession areas.

During the summer, the Zoo welcomed a jaguar birth; Chris Abele the second offspring for female Stella, and wild-born male, Milwaukee County Executive Pat. The birth of cub Francisco marks the propagation

Humboldt penguin

1 LETTER FROM THE DIRECTOR The year 2014 was marked by much activity, both with significant births as well as acquisitions to the collection. We also continued to navigate new construction hurdles in and around the Zoo, as the Zoo Interchange Project continued to progress. This substantial project will continue to impact the Zoo through 2018.

northwest corner of the Zoo. Set to open in 2015, this entrance area will eventually include ticketing kiosks, restrooms, concessions and merchandise areas.

I’d like to acknowledge two long-time senior staff members who retired during the year: Deputy Zoo Director of Animal Management and Health, Dr. Bruce Beeler; and Primate and Small Mammal Curator, Jan Rafert. Together, their tenure at the Zoo combined for 60+ years of dedication and service. They will be missed. We thank them for their hard work throughout the years and wish them all of the best as they begin new experiences separate from the Zoo.

We once again extend a thank you to the county executive, the county board and the Zoological Society and their partners for their continued support. A number of our initiatives, renovations and special exhibits are possible Zoo Director Charles Wikenhauser because of their assistance.

For a second consecutive summer, the Zoo welcomed Please read on as each division shares highlights from back a popular live-animal exhibit, Sting Ray & Shark Bay, the year. sponsored by Sendik’s Food Markets. As in years past, visitors were thrilled to interact with harmless species of both sting rays and sharks in our 14,000-gallon touch pool.

In August, our female jaguar, Stella, gave birth to a male cub named Francisco. This is the third offspring for wild- Charles Wikenhauser born father, Pat, once again adding new and extremely Director valuable genetic diversity into the captive population. Jaguars Stella and Francisco In November, the entire staff was thrilled to announce the birth of a male western lowland gorilla named Sulaiman. The birth of this particular species is extremely rare in captivity, and the primate staff and entire animal care staff should be commended for this monumental birth. Western lowland gorillas are currently critically endan - gered in the wild.

As a result of construction on the Zoo Interchange Project, our existing parking lot lost approximately 700 parking spaces. During 2014, plans continued for the construction of an auxiliary Zoo entrance on an eight-acre parcel of land on the

2 T H E M I L W A U K E E C O U N T Y Z O O O U R H I S T O R Y Home to more than 3,100 mammals, birds, fish, amphibians and reptiles, we’re proud our Zoo continues to be recognized as one of the finest in the country.

Our history at a glance: 1892 ...... The Milwaukee County Zoo (MCZ) started as a miniature mammal and bird display in Milwaukee’s downtown Washington Park 1902 ...... Expanded to 23 acres; now home to 800 animals 1910 ...... The Zoological Society was founded, lending financial support to the Zoo 1934 ...... Became an entity of the Milwaukee County Park Commission, which helped provide resources to expand the Zoo 1958 ...... Moved to its present location on 200 acres of parkland Washington Park Late 1960s . . .Completion of: the Primate Building, Monkey Island, Winter Quarters, Polar and Brown Bear Exhibits, and the Feline, Pachyderm, Giraffe, Bird, Small Mammal, Aquarium and Reptile and Australian Buildings 1970s ...... Added the Children’s Zoo, Train Shed, Zoo Hospital, Dall Sheep Exhibit and the Gift Shop. The Zoological Society’s volunteer organization, Zoo Pride, was established. The Zoological Society develops education programs at the Zoo. 1978 ...... Was one of only 22 institutions in North America accredited by the American Association of Zoological Parks & Aquariums, now named the Association of Zoos & Aquariums. 1980s ...... Initiated a $26 million capital improvement plan, representing a significant partnership venture between the Zoo, Milwaukee County and the Zoological Society. Completion of: Wolf Woods, underwater viewing in the Polar Bear and Sea Lion Exhibits, Oceans of Fun, the Dairy Complex, Humboldt Penguins and the Peck Welcome Center 1988 ...... Hosted the Association of Zoos & Aquariums Annual Conference Early 1990s . .Extensive renovation of the Aviary and Primates of the World, and the completion of a new Apes of Africa Exhibit 1995 ...... Renovation of the Aquarium and Reptile Center; renamed the Aquatic and Reptile Center 1998 ...... Completed remodeling of the Small Mammals building 1999 ...... Initiated a $30 million capital improvement plan, representing a significant partnership venture between the Zoo, Milwaukee County and the Zoological Society 3 Timber wolf 2002 ...... Renovation and modernization of Lakeview Place restaurant Redesign of the Ice Cream Palace and Karibu Gift Shop Groundbreaking for the new Animal Health Center Major renovation (both indoor and outdoor quarters) to our landmark exhibit Monkey Island; renamed Macaque Island 2003 ...... Completion of Animal Health Center Initiated design phase of renovation to the Feline Building; animals relocated A king penguin receives care in the new Animal Health Center. Began initial renovations to the Stackner Heritage Farm and construction of the Karen Peck Katz Conservation Education Center 2004 ...... Completion of the Karen Peck Katz Conservation Education Center Began demolition and finalized designs for Northwestern Mutual Family Farm Continued construction of the new $7.2 million Florence Mila Borchert Big Cat Country 2005 ...... Completion of the Florence Mila Borchert Big Cat Country Completion of the Northwestern Mutual Family Farm Completion of the redesign and renovation of the Safari Train Station 2006 ...... Completion of the MillerCoors Giraffe Experience Began initial design phase for the new U.S. Bank Gathering Place 2007 ...... Began construction for the new U.S. Bank Gathering Place, and the new Idabel Wilmot Borchert Flamingo Exhibit and Overlook 2008 ...... Completion of the U.S. Bank Gathering Place Completion of the Idabel Wilmot Borchert Flamingo Exhibit and Overlook Received accreditation by the Association of Zoos & Aquariums Hosted the AZA Annual Conference 2009 ...... Completion of the Dohmen Family Foundation Hippo Home Completed renovation of the Taylor Family Humboldt Flamingos Penguin Exhibit Began upgrades for storm water management program 2010 ...... Installed solar panels at admission gates Installed permanent poetry exhibition The Language of Conservation, located throughout Zoo 4 2011 ...... Completion of the new outdoor Bonobo Exhibit, and new interpretive graphics and interactive displays to the indoor Bonobo Exhibit Opened new permanent visitor activities with Sky Trail® Wisconsin Adventure Zone Added Kohl’s Wild Theater programming to Zoo’s Northwestern Mutual Family Farm, made possible by donation to the Zoological Society 2012 ...... Completion of the first planning phase of a new 20-year Zoo master plan, addressing improvements in animal exhibits, visitor attractions and amenities, service facilities and operations Completed the renovated entrance to the Northwestern Mutual Family Farm Completion of the first phase of Black Bear Exhibit improvements, made possible by a donation from MillerCoors 2013 ...... Completion of the master plan proposal by Peckham Guyton Albers & Viets, Inc. (PGAV); will serve as a guide for the Zoo for the next 20 years Installed a new emergency broadcast system on Zoo grounds Completed design phase for the new west entrance and adjacent parking lots Continued improvements to the Black Bear Exhibit with focus on water conservation 2014 ...... Moved forward on plans for the new auxiliary west entrance and adjacent parking lots. This eight-acre parcel of Zoo-owned land will accommodate 500 parking spaces, and also feature ticketing, merchandise and concessions areas. Plans include an animal component, with the construction of a new outdoor North American River Otter Exhibit. Hired new Deputy Zoo Director for Animal Management and Health, Beth Rich; began position duties in August

Amur tiger 5 2014 HIGHLIGHTS Zoo Master Planning of the Zoo’s exit drive. Alternate routes to and from the Zoo, and additional signage were implemented so as not to In 2013, the proposal for the Zoo’s next master plan was deter guests from visiting. Likewise, the Zoo’s website was finalized, and the national firm of PGAV was contracted continually updated with the latest construction closures, for the project. The proposal includes eight new or and additional collateral pieces were designed into existing redeveloped animal exhibits, three non-animal attractions Zoo brochures to keep visitors apprised of the latest routes. and five revenue-generating centers. Deputy Zoo Director of Animal Management This new master plan will serve as a guide for the park for and Health the next 20 years and beyond, and address all aspects of With the retirement of Dr. Bruce Beehler in May, we moved the Zoo, including animal exhibits, dining, merchandise to hire a replacement within a few months’ time. Beth Rich sales, and additional service and infrastructure improvements. started at the Zoo August 4, managing all animal division programs, facilities, staff and the entire animal collection. In 2014, one of the major impacts of the Zoo Interchange She oversees an annual operating budget of $6 million and Project, the loss of approximately 700 visitor parking 70 employees. spaces, was addressed by the proposal in planning for a new auxiliary west entrance, which includes an area for She brings over 17 years of experience to her new role, most approximately 500 parking spaces. recently serving as superintendent of the Tautphaus Park Zoo, Idaho Falls, Idaho from 2010 to 2014, and as general Zoo Interchange Project curator from 2009 to 2010. Prior to the Tautphaus Park Zoo, The Zoo sits along a substantial stretch of freeway – to the Rich served as an adjunct instructor, Carroll University, 2008, west of downtown Milwaukee – appropriately named the and as an animal care supervisor, Racine Zoological Society, Zoo Interchange. The reconstruction of the Zoo Interchange 2007-2008. She also served in a number of different roles began in 2012, with major undertakings beginning in 2013. at the Zoological Society of San Diego from 1997-2007. The entire project addresses this nine-mile freeway corridor Rich earned a Master of Arts degree in con - serva tion education from San Diego State University, and a Bachelor of Science degree in zoology from the University of California, Santa Barbara.

Other Highlights The Zoo once again hosted a major temporary exhibit during the summer; 2014 marked the second consecutive year presenting the live sting ray and shark exhibit, Sting Ray & Shark Bay, sponsored by Sendik’s Food Markets. This tropical exhibit did not disappoint, as eager visitors enjoyed feeding and interacting with these docile and attractive marine animals.

New Zoo Interchange The attraction and special event lineup included: Oceans of Fun Seal and Sea Lion leading to and through the actual interchange. As Show sponsored by Anderson Seal, LLC; the Sky Safari Wisconsin’s oldest and busiest interchange, it fully opened sponsored by PNC; Party for the Planet sponsored by to traffic in 1963 and has since deteriorated with age. American Transmission Co.; and Senior Celebration sponsored by Wheaton Franciscan Senior Health. Again in 2014, several significant freeway ramp and bridge closures during the year affected how visitors arrived at the Zoo. One of the major construction detours was the closure of the Bluemound Bridge, which is located just east 6 2014 Special Exhibit A 14,000-gallon touch pool again served as the center - Sting Ray & Shark Bay piece of the exhibit and featured cownose and southern Sponsored by Sendik’s Food Markets sting rays, as well as bamboo and bonnethead sharks, For the second consecutive summer, the Zoo hosted an all of which were non-aggressive and harmless to touch. interactive sting ray and shark exhibit which allowed A number of horseshoe crabs also were featured in the visitors to get up close with these unique marine animals. exhibit; which presented a sharp contrast to the sting rays Displayed in our Otto Borchert Family Special Exhibits and sharks. Building, the aquatic display ran May 24 through Sept. 1. Food for the sting rays was available for purchase, allowing for an enticing way to attract these docile animals.

Sting Ray & Shark Bay was $2 per person and offered an appealing way to meet sting rays and sharks without traveling to a distant location!

7 2014 ANIMAL MANAGEMENT AND HEALTH DIVISION The Animal Management and Health Division is responsible for the management, health, husbandry, propagation and exhibition of a large and diverse collection of animals; the design and operation of the associated facilities and exhibits; the support of and participation in conservation and research programs at the Zoo and around the world; and the enhancement of the public’s knowledge and appreciation of animals.

The division includes five major animal care areas: Reptiles in the wild) such as Amur tiger, southern black rhinoceros, and Aquaria, Primates and Small Mammals, Birds and Family cotton-top tamarin and western lowland gorilla, Waldrapp Farm, Large Mammals, and Animal Health and Nutrition. ibis, Bali mynah, Chinese alligator, McCord’s snake-necked In addition to the full-time animal care staff assigned to turtle, and the Grand Cayman blue iguana. Our collection these areas, there are rovers – zookeepers trained in many also includes Guam kingfishers, which are extinct in the animal areas that fill in as needed, and also night operations wild. In addition, several species in our collection are listed animal care staff. Staff also coordinate division operations, by the state of Wisconsin as endangered or threatened. maintain detailed records and permits, and manage the Zoo library. With such a large and diverse animal collection, there are a significant number of births, transfers and deaths every Animal Division Collections year. The life expectancy of animals at our Zoo may The animal collections serve to enhance visitors’ knowl - greatly exceed the life expectancy of animals in the wild. edge and appreciation of animals, and to contribute to These life expectancies vary dramatically with species – animal species conservation. Our front-line animal care small rodents and the giant Pacific octopus are old in two staff devote more than 100,000 hours each year toward years, while swans can live for decades. Female lions are the care of our animals. ancient at 20 years of age, but our giant Amazon River turtle may be 100 years old. Animals are subject to the On Dec. 31, 2014 the Milwaukee County Zoo same types of health conditions as humans, which may animal collection included: result in earlier deaths. On Zoo Grounds Species Specimens Mammals 82 346 Birds 81 327 Reptiles 43 83 Amphibians 13 40 Fish 136 1,416 Invertebrates 22 910 TOTAL 377 3,122

The animal collection owned by the Zoo and on loan to other zoological institutions included: Onassis, Amazon River turtle

Out on Loan Species Specimens Mammals 16 41 Staff members devote much thought and time toward Birds 6 11 enriching the lives of the Zoo animals. They provide mental Reptiles 6 7 and physical stimulation to the animals by varying their social structure, mixing compatible species together, Amphibians, Fish and 0 0 Invertebrates changing habitats, offering interesting scents, providing manipulation devices, engaging them in positive rein - TOTAL 28 59 forcement training, distributing food treats for foraging opportunities, and supplying toys and problem-solving The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) lists 28 of the reward devices. species in our collection as endangered. Several of these species are critically endangered (on the brink of extinction

8 2014 HIGHLIGHTS the Amazon Basin. A school of white bass was added to the REPTILES AND AQUARIA Lake Wisconsin Exhibit, which displays the larger fishes that Aquatic and Reptile Center inhabit our state’s lakes and rivers. In 2014, there were four significant changes to the Aquatic and Reptile Center (ARC) animal collection, in addition to The Area Supervisor of the Aquatic and Reptile Center the repair and renovation of several 22-year-old exhibits spearheaded a partnership with the Monterey Bay Aquar - to house a different collection of reptiles. ium’s Seafood Watch program. On a regular basis, Zoo Pride volunteers host a special outreach cart in the ARC informing Our collection of large snakes native to Wisconsin (bull - visitors about sustainable seafood options. snake, rat snake and timber rattlesnake) were moved to a large display with new substrate and props, allowing the BIRDS AND FAMILY FARM snakes to display their natural behaviors. Aviary In anticipation of a new roof for the building, the Aviary On the recommendation of the Aruba Island Rattlesnake didn’t receive any new species during the year. Species Survival Program® (SSP), our Aruba Island rattlesnakes were sent to other institutions to breed. However, many existing birds did receive new potential Their exhibit mates as part of the Zoo’s ongoing efforts to breed recom - was renovated mended species for AZA. Bali Mynah, hooded pitta, Nicobar to display an pigeon, red-crested cardinal, sunbittern, Humboldt and rock - ornate box turtle. hopper penguins all arrived at our Zoo to participate in their This species is one respective Species Survival Programs®. All were successfully of Wisconsin’s introduced to their new mates, and we are hopeful 2015 will most endangered result in more offspring. reptiles and was the Also, we had offspring from our Gentoo and Humboldt subject of a long- penguins, crested wood partridge, Inca terns, pheasant term headstarting pigeons, and spangled cotinga. We were the only zoo in program at our Zoo. North America to breed spangled cotinga in 2014. As a result of this program, 20 juvenile A total of 18 offspring from our previous breeding efforts ornate box turtles Rat snake departed our Zoo for new homes at 14 different institutions were released into around the country. The chestnut teal were a first-time Wisconsin prairies; breeding success for the Aviary, and joined crested wood 336 of which were raised at our Zoo. partridges, Gentoo penguins, green-naped pheasant pigeons, red-billed hornbills, a Cinereous vulture and An exhibit dedicated to the eastern massasauga rattlesnake a trumpeter swan, who now all call our Zoo home. was developed to highlight this native Wisconsin specie. This snake is endangered throughout its range, and is the We also created a new habitat for one of our pairs of subject of an AZA Species Survival Plan. Our male was Cinereous vultures, which, while not on public display, bromated to prepare him physiologically for breeding with hopefully will give it the privacy needed to produce eggs our female during the summer. Numerous breeding events in the future. were recorded, so we are hopeful that our female will drop a clutch of offspring in 2015.

A new king cobra was put onto display in July. She grew quickly – in little more than a year she went from weighing 3 ounces to 1 ½ pounds.

Fishes that had not been part of the collection for a number of years were added to our 55,000-gallon exhibits. An arawana, oscars and a school of silver dollar pacus were added to the Flooded Forest Exhibit, which highlights fishes from

Chestnut teals 9 We also continued to support avian conservation initiatives World Bird Sanctuary continued its longstanding relationship by sending a keeper to Maryland to help with captive whoop - with the Zoo by providing another summer of entertainment ing crane rearing. Our in-house migratory bird monitoring, in the Kohl’s Wild Theater. Flighted raptors, as well as feeding and banding program continued. We also continue numerous other exotic avifauna, come to us each summer to test different avian collision abatement products for three shows daily. throughout the Zoo in an effort to find the most effective, cost-friendly and aesthetically pleasing method of reducing The final addition to the Family Farm was our new beehive. window strikes. Working with our local beekeeper, Andy Hempken, on design elements, a local Eagle Scout, Will Gorecki, planned, Northwestern Mutual Family Farm fundraised and constructed a completely new observation From an animal perspective, the year was relatively quiet hive for the farm. This was just one of many Eagle Scout at the farm. projects the Zoo has been involved in throughout the year.

We saw two cow births during the year, an Ayrshire LARGE MAMMALS in December (Ginger) and a red and white Holstein in The Large Mammal Sections of the Zoo include: Big Cat October (Belle). Country, North America/Australia, Pachyderm/Giraffe, and African/South American Hoofstock/Camels.

In all of these areas, staff continue to manage an extensive animal collection with a progressive training program using operant conditioning. Training the animals to cooperate willingly for health exams, sample collections and husbandry procedures allows for an enriching and stress-free environment. Samples collected under these conditions are used to determine normal biological parameters in exotic species, and also to monitor the overall animal health and reproductive status.

Big Cat Country Big Cat Country had a very busy year. Three animals arrived in June including Camelia Red and white Holstein calf the caracal from the Audubon Nature Insti - tute. Camelia was acquired to exhibit in the We also received nine chickens, six female Wyandotte indoor cheetah display while the cheetahs use the outdoor hens and three brahma hens who will make their public yard. Two female cheetahs, Imara and Kira, were the other appearance in spring of 2015 in our new chicken coop next June arrivals, coming to Milwaukee from Wildlife Safari in to the front entrance. This yard completes our renovation of Winston, Oregon. They replace our old male, Nama, who the farm entrance, giving it a more inviting appearance. died in February.

We added two new toads and an eastern tiger salamander Also in June, we to our program collection. These animals can be seen were fortunate to during petting ring demonstrations from Memorial Day have snow leopard to Labor Day, and are part of our educational outreach cub Sossy born to programming. parents Tomiris Caracal and Genghis. The Goat Yard will have some new faces in 2015 as we Due to the ages transition our herd into pure Nigerian dwarf goats; the first of the parents, three arriving in the fall. These animals are much smaller we were only than most of our current collection, which makes them less cautiously intimidating to our younger visitors. optimistic that 10 any cubs would be produced. Sossy went through a long Also added to the Australia period of physical therapy to correct conformation issues building were three young with his back legs, but has gained full mobility and maneu - female red kangaroos from vers through his exhibit without any problems. Keepers, Dickerson Park Zoo in Spring - veterinarians and outside consultants all put in a large field, Missouri, and a young amount of time and effort to give Sossy the attention he male emu to act as a companion needed to walk properly. On an unfortunate note, Sossy’s to our adult emu Arnold. sire Genghis had to be humanely euthanized in September. Finally, two sandhill cranes were added to the collection Last, but certainly not least, Pat and Stella, our popular and released into the Moose jaguar pair, had a second litter of cubs in August. Male Fran - Yard, and they’ve adapted well cisco is the only surviving cub and continues to be exhibited to their new home. with Stella heading into 2015. The older jaguar cubs born Matschie’s tree kangaroo in 2012 both departed Milwaukee to form new breeding Wolf Awareness Day in October pairs. B’alam moved in September to the San Antonio Zoo, provided fun activities such as the annual howling contest, and Zean departed in December for Elmwood Park Zoo in and opportunities for visitors to learn about the history and Norristown, Pennsylvania. Each of them will be paired with recovery of the Wisconsin timber wolf population. Unfortu - one of two sisters from Woodland Park Zoo in Seattle. nately the one disposition we did have in the area this year was the loss of Koda, one of our aging wolves. North America/Australia The North America/Australia area had a very busy year Pachyderms/Giraffe as well. The big news was the birth of a male harbor seal The big news for the year in pachyderms was the arrival in June. King Julian is the first harbor seal born at our Zoo, of two red river hogs. Brothers, Mango and Radish, arrived and the first for wild-born parents Ringo and Sydney, from the Charles Paddock Zoo in May and took up seasonal adding valuable genetic diversity to the North American residence in the renovated Warthog Exhibit next to the zoo population. Staff worked very hard learning the ins and elephants. This is the first time our Zoo has exhibited red outs of trying to get a harbor seal pup to eat fish during river hogs. a very educational weaning process. The only other collection change was the loss of our 23- year-old female bongo antelope, Meru. Meru is the oldest bongo ever recorded according to the international stud - book, a testimony to the exemplary care she received over her long lifetime from animal keepers and veterinary staff.

The fifth annual Elephant Awareness Day was a great success, providing visitors with activities and information about elephants, and also raising funds for wild elephant conservation.

African & South American Hoofstock/Camels It was a relatively quiet year for collection changes in the Harbor seal hoofstock areas. A female alpaca, Frankie, was born in August. Also in August we received Stan, a male Bactrian camel, from the St. Louis Zoo. As he matures, Stan will be The Australia building had a lot of activity, as a Matschie’s allowed to breed with our female camel, AJ, who was born tree kangaroo, Jucque, emerged from the pouch in the here in 2012. spring. She’ll remain with her mother, Kiama, until mid- 2015. With Jucque’s birth, Kiama became the oldest of her Dispositions in the area include the departure of male alpaca, species known to produce an offspring. In April we sent Phoenix. Phoenix has three surviving female offspring male, Kokoda, to Franklin Park Zoo in Boston, and received residing here, and so was transferred to avoid inbreeding. a new unrelated male, Ronji, from Woodland Park Zoo in The only other disposition was the humane euthanasia due Seattle. Once he is old enough, Ronji will be paired with to medical issues of elderly impala, Saffron, in February. our third female, Kiama’s 2-year-old daughter, Tia.

11 PRIMATES AND SMALL MAMMALS increased our group size from 20 to 21 bonobos. Seven of Apes of Africa, Primates of the World these are under the age of five, so there is always a lot of and Macaque Island playful activity. Significant changes took place during the year with regard to our gorilla program. In March, we had our first gorilla Due to our animal care staff members’ diligent work over birth at our Zoo in 22 years. This was the first baby for both the years using positive reinforcement training techniques Cassius, our breeding male, and for 13-year-old Naku. with our primates, we’ve been able to document fetal Naku arrived here in 2011 from the Woodland Park Zoo development by use of ultrasonography on freely cooperat - in Seattle. She proved to be an outstanding mother and ing pregnant females. Faith’s pregnancy provided another Cassius greatly impressed us all with his skill at controlling opportunity to gather information for critical research. the new group dynamics. Sadly, the mortality rate for infant Dr. Barbara Drews, from the Max Planck Institute in Germany, gorillas, both in captivity and in the wild, is very high. Naku’s visited twice this year to conduct ultrasounds on the expec - baby died at age 4 weeks. While this was a definite setback, tant mother and gather vital information for the continuation both Naku and Cassius are now proven breeders and skilled of her research protocol titled “Fetal Brain Development in parents. Hopefully, it will only be a matter of time before Bonobos and Humans: an Ultrasonography Study.” Naku has another infant. The most common cause of mortality in captive great apes In November, Cassius once again became a father. Shalia, is cardiac disease. Our bonobos, gorillas and orangutans another first-time mom, gave birth to a healthy male. Shalia continue to voluntarily participate in fully awake echocar - came to us on a breeding loan from the Toronto Zoo in diograms. Awake blood pressure measurements also are 2012, and is an attentive mother. Previously low ranking, collected voluntarily from our bonobos and orangutans her position in the group has elevated significantly with utilizing a finger cuff. Monitoring blood pressure is a critical the birth of her baby. step forward in the detection and treatment of cardiac disease in our apes.

The Primates of the World building has seen a few changes. In April 2014, our adult female orangutan, MJ, was called upon to act as a surrogate to an infant male orangutan born at the Toledo Zoo. Due to facility limitations and the very young age of the infant, the adoption was not successful. However, while here, the infant learned to rely on an orang - utan for his maternal needs and to transfer his social bond from humans to one of his own kind. This contributed greatly in securing a successful surrogacy for him elsewhere.

There were no births or deaths in 2014, but two male primates were placed in breeding situations at other zoos. Harry, a DeBrazza monkey, was sent to the Bramble Park Zoo Outdoor Gorilla Yard renovation in South Dakota, and Maxwell, a Goeldi’s monkey, went to the Cheyenne Mountain Much needed renovations began in the Outdoor Gorilla Yard. Zoological Park in Colorado. This was made possible through a generous grant from Northwestern Mutual Foundation and contributions from There have been no changes to the population of Japanese the Zoological Society’s annual appeal. The renovations Macaques on Macaque Island. We currently have two adult include a new water feature, climbing platforms and males and four adult females. The groundwork has begun landscaping. The exhibit reopens in spring of 2015. to import an additional group from Japan.

Our Zoo has one of the largest collection of bonobos in the world. A new birth in September to first-time mom, Faith,

12 OTHER RESEARCH AND STUDIES Finally, the Maholi bushbaby pair had its first successful • Fetal brain development in bonobos and humans: birth, and hopefully there will be more births in the future. an ultrasonographic study • Age-related changes in thyroid hormone levels of bonobos

Small Mammals The Small Mammals Section was busy again this year, as we had a number of changes in our collection.

After battling health issues for several years, our male ring- tailed lemur finally succumb to kidney disease. He lived here for more than 17 years, and was euthanized at age 24. Our female Goeldi’s monkey also was euthanized due to chronic liver disease and other health issues. Our pair of potto was sent to the Cincinnati Zoo. While part of our animal collection, this pair had one female offspring who still currently resides here. We’re hoping to find a mate for her soon.

It was recommended we relocate our female fennec fox to the Smithsonian National Zoo, as our pair was no longer Maholi bushbaby recommended to breed.

The vampire bat colony experienced many setbacks this ANIMAL HEALTH year. Sadly, seven members of our collection died. After & NUTRITION much testing and trials, it was discovered that the colony Animal Health Center was vitamin C deficient. Vitamin C is now added to their The veterinary staff at the Animal Health Center manages daily diet of blood and the colony is recovering. the medical care, preventive health programs and the nutrition programs of the Zoo’s entire animal collection. Two male cotton-top tamarins were sent to other zoos this year as well. One of our male meerkats passed away. Some of the procedures performed in 2014 included: 365 He was geriatric and had multiple health issues. Our 17- anesthetic procedures; 1,060 parasite exams run on 512 year-old male golden-lion tamarin was euthanized due samples; 2,108 written prescriptions; 281 radiographic to complication of kidney disease. We lost three of our procedures, including eight CT scans; and over 3,700 medical straw-colored fruit bats this year, including our oldest record entries for 548 individual animals representing female. She was the last member of our colony born in 220 species. Africa. She had been at our Zoo for 32 years. Sadly, we also lost our female golden-headed lion tamarin. She had been On average, each day of the year there were eight animals diagnosed with cancer and had undergone chemotherapy. in the Animal Health Center. Many were those kept in She was such a trooper and will be missed by all. quarantine before releasing them to the main zoological collection. These included: a red ruffed, and a ring-tailed Lastly, we were very sad to unexpectedly lose one of our lemur; a Matschie’s tree kangaroo; a pair of cheetah; a pair North American river otter brothers to possible stroke. of red river hogs, which is a new species to the collection. The two otter brothers were public favorites and very dear Also going through quarantine were two different breeds to many hearts. Oscar, the surviving brother, is doing well. of chickens destined for the new hen house at the Family On a more positive note, a female ring-tailed lemur was Farm, a hooded pitta, a Bali Mynah, speckled mousebirds, acquired as a new companion animal for our remaining older a tiger salamander, a painted turtle and a grey rat snake. female, and a female Goeldi’s monkey was acquired as a new Other hospital residents were being treated for a variety of companion animal for our adult male. We acquired a young illnesses, or held for shipment or management purposes. male red ruffed lemur as a non-breeding companion for our Our big change for 2014 was the transition from the MEDARKS, female. We also have a new young female fennec fox as a the old DOS-based medical records keeping system, mate for our male. 13 serve as veterinarians at the Indianapolis, St. Louis, and Oklahoma City zoos, Busch Gardens in Tampa, Ocean Park in Hong Kong and as an assistant professor at the School of Veterinarian Medicine in Madison.

The pathology fellowship is a three-year program that offers specialized training to pathologists interested specifically in zoo and exotic animal pathology, and provides us with information crucial to managing our collection. Our sixth pathology fellow, since the program’s 1997 inception, began in July 2013 following two years in a general pathology residency program at the University of Tennessee.

The veterinary staff also conduct a Zoological Medicine Extern Program for veterinary students, spending between four to eight The Zoo’s veterinary staff at work with Oceans of Fun weeks at our Zoo. Three veterinary students completed the externship in 2014. to ZIMS-Medical, the medical version of the Zoological Information Management System. Animal Commissary The Animal Commissary receives, evaluates and stores In November, all old records were imported into the new most of the animal food and supplies before daily delivery system, and staff took the remainder of the year to learn on request to multiple areas of the Zoo where animal how to efficiently enter information and use the new sys - diets are prepared. Our large, spacious, cement-floored hay tem. As of the end of the year, it’s still a work in progress. barn was improved this year with a new membrane roof that includes multiple skylights for natural lighting during The Animal Health Center also is upgrading to digital radi - the day to save on electrical costs. We also purchased a ographic equipment. This upgrade will save personnel time, new electric pallet jack, as the original unit, in operation reduce anesthesia time for the animals, preclude the use for almost 40 years, entered a well-deserved retirement of hazardous chemicals, and allow us to take better images due to the unavailability of parts. easy to send worldwide as part of the animal’s record, or for consultation with other veterinarians and radiologists. In 2014, more than 200 types of food were purchased with an animal food budget of $585,000. A few examples The Animal Health Center is a renowned zoo veterinary include: 235 tons of hay, 31,000 crickets, 5 tons of carrots, medicine teaching hospital. Programs include two clinical 4 tons of frozen herring, 10 tons of bananas, 6 tons of zoo medicine residencies and a zoo pathology fellowship bear-diet pellets, almost 11 tons of beef feline-diet mix program funded by the Zoological Society. All are con - and more than 7,000 eggs. ducted in collaboration with the University of Wisconsin- Madison School of Veterinary Medicine. SUPPORT OPERATIONS The three-year clinical residency program provides specialty Animal Records training in zoo and exotic animal medicine. The residents al - Records have been kept for the almost 20,000 individual ternate their time at the Zoo, and the program has expanded animals that have been managed in our collection since it the time residents spend at the Zoo from four months a year opened in 1892. Today, AZA-accredited zoos keep very to six months. This increases the amount of training they detailed up-to-date records for each animal, telling its life receive in a zoological setting. In 2014, we had two residents, story from birth to death. one in her second year, and one that began his first year in Identifying characteristics or marks, all background July. A third clinical residency was approved and that resident information, measurements, behavior, breeding begins in 2015. All past residents are employed, and now

14 management, enclosure information, behavioral enrichment, U.S. Department of Agriculture training, diet/feeding, development, and medical notes and Exhibitor permit procedures are included in the animal’s record. Plant Pests, Noxious Weed, Soil Movement permit U.S. Department of the Interior All of the information that the animal care staff observe is Marine Mammal Protection Act permit reported daily to the registrar, who records the information electronically in a database called Zoological Inventory State of Wisconsin: Management System (ZIMS). In 2014, the Zoo added Department of Natural Resources (DNR) Depredation permit thousands of entries into this database. (Canada goose and eggs) DATCP Johne’s Disease-Free Herd classification The Zoological Inventory Management System is the largest DATCP Chronic Wasting Disease-Free Herd classification global animal management network in the world. The central database contains information on 2.6 million animals – more Library and Archive than 10,000 species – held in more than 800 institutions The Zoo Library and Archive, located in the Administration in 80 countries, as well as some animals in the wild that Annex in the Northwestern Mutual Family Farm, is a research are participants in release and relocation projects. More than library that provides information resources to staff of the 20,000 zoo, aquarium and conservation professionals world - Milwaukee County Zoo, the Zoological Society of Milwaukee, wide use the information contained in ZIMS for conservation Zoo Pride volunteers and to the public. programs. The library collection includes books and academic/scientific Animal medical information is vital to the care of the animal periodicals in the following subject areas: zoological science; collection. Our Zoo began using the new Medical Module animal husbandry; management of animals in captivity; incorporated into ZIMS late in 2014. It is used to create a animal behavior; animal nutrition; veterinary medicine; detailed medical record for each animal, and includes wildlife conservation; birds; fishes; invertebrates; mammals; clinical notes and information regarding prescriptions, reptiles and amphibians; aquarium management; aquatic treatments, cryo-preservation records and more. The life; horticulture; zoological gardens; history of zoological formerly used Medical Animal Records Keeping System, science; zoo administration; and zoo, aquarium and museum known as MedARKS, will be utilized for a little while longer exhibits. The library also collects ephemeral materials from for pathology and necropsy information. U.S. and foreign zoos and aquariums. This collection is the largest collection of zoo ephemera in the country. Regulatory Agencies The library also has a number of animal-themed art works, Our Zoo partners with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the including prints, sculptures, and paintings. U.S. Department of Agriculture, the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, the Milwaukee Area Domestic Animal Control Center and other agencies. We provide these agencies with expertise and assistance toward the conservation and protection of animals in the wild and in captivity.

The Zoo complies with regulations and permit requirements of international treaties, and national and state laws regarding animal conservation, management, care, health and safety. Examples of permits received by the Zoo in 2014 include: International: Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species import permit (CITES)

National: The Zoo Library and Archive U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) Captive Bred Wildlife permit The archive preserves materials that are crucial to the history Migratory Bird Special Purpose permit of our Zoo and of zoos in the United States. The collection Depredation permit includes photos, slides, DVDs, VHS cassettes, 16mm films, Native Endangered Species Recovery permit historic postcards, personal papers, veterinary records and 15 MCZ historical records on paper and microfiche. These materials are housed in a climate-controlled environment for preservation purposes.

The library staff includes one part-time professional librarian who provides reference services, assists in research, maintains the catalog and manages both the library and archives collections. The librarian also works part-time for the Zoological Society as the information specialist, managing the Society’s photo database and researching information for exhibit signage. A total of 15 Zoo Pride volunteers assist the librarian on library and archive projects.

Wattled curassow CONSERVATION, RESEARCH AND PROPAGATION PROGRAMS In 2014, the Zoo managed and/or contributed to diverse conservation, research and propagation programs at local, regional, national and international levels. The senior animal staff, including specialty curators, staff veterinarians and the deputy Zoo director, develop, implement and manage these programs. Front-line staff also actively manage and participate in many of these programs. Collaborative efforts with other conservation-oriented institutions and agencies are essential to the effectiveness of these efforts.

In addition to the commitment of Zoo resources and the resources of collaborating institutions, significant funding came from Zoo trust funds and the Zoological Society.

Red river hogs Conservation and Research Program Collaborative Support The Zoo provides funding and/or staff support to selected conservation initiatives and research projects. Highlights for support in 2014 include:

IUCN Conservation Breeding Specialist Group Global Turtle Survival Program Global Polar Bears International Pan-Arctic International Elephant Foundation Africa and Asia International Rhino Foundation Africa and Asia Ape TAG Conservation Initiative Africa and Asia Great Ape Survival Partnership Africa and Asia Alpaca Phoenix Fund Amur Tiger Project Russia International Snow Leopard Trust Nepal Tree Kangaroo Conservation Program Papua New Guinea Orangutan Outreach Borneo and Sumatra Hornbill Nestbox Adoption Thailand Fennec Fox Conservation Project North Africa Bonobo and Congo Biodiversity Initiative Democratic Republic of Congo Lola Ya Bonobo – Bonobo Sanctuary Democratic Republic of Congo Virunga Park Protection Project Democratic Republic of Congo Tarangire Elephant Project Tanzania Kibale Fuel Wood Project Uganda Berggorilla and Regenwald Direkthilfe Gorilla Project Rwanda Adopt an Ostrich Program/Sahara Conservation Fund Niger Elephants for Africa Botswana Cheetah Conservation Botswana Botswana Egyptian Vulture Migration Study Djibouti Madagascar Fauna Group Madagascar Grenada Frog Study Grenada Grenada Bank Treeboa Study Grenada Grenada Coral Reef Study Grenada Leatherback Turtle Study – Ocean Spirits Grenada Rock Iguana Conservation Jamaica Rock Iguana Conservation Grand Cayman Whooping Crane Recovery Project National AZA Elephant Welfare Project National The Zoo also provides funding Piping Plover Recovery Project Great Lakes for collaborative conservation Ornate Box Turtle Headstart Program Wisconsin and research initiatives, including: Butler’s Garter Snake Ecology Wisconsin Herp Fund – WIDNR Wisconsin Avian Scientific Advisory Group Migratory and Resident Avifauna Study Zoo Starhead Topminnow Spawning Research Zoo Penguin Taxon Advisory Group Mississippi Gopher Frog Management Zoo Great Ape Heart Project International Great Apes Taxon Advisory Group Milwaukee Ape Heart Project Zoo International Species Inventory System Great Ape Cardiovascular Disease Study Zoo Great Ape Ultrasound Studies Zoo AZA Wildlife Contraception Center Bonobo Cardiovascular Database Zoo

17 ZOO STAFF CONSERVATION AND RESEARCH PROJECTS Zoo staff participate in wildlife conservation and research projects at local, regional and international levels. Many of the Zoo staff projects listed below were made possible with funding from the Zoological Society of Milwaukee.

Grenada Coral Reef Study island and the Grenada frog has retreated to small isolated In 2009, our research efforts in the Caribbean expanded pockets (seven square miles) in the mountain rainforests. to the surrounding ocean, as we joined the Wisconsin Lutheran College’s reef monitoring program in Grenada. In 2004, the Zoo, the Milwaukee Public Museum and the The purpose of this project is to compare the long-term Grenada Forestry and National Parks Department initiated health of the coral reefs found in Grenada’s marine a field study to determine if these two species can success - protected areas with other areas that receive no protection. fully coexist. In February of 2009, we noted the numbers of We hope to demonstrate the economic benefits of frogs observed had dropped for a third consecutive year. protected areas to the tourist industry and fishing As a result, frogs were sampled to determine if they were communities of Grenada. carrying the deadly frog-killing fungus called chytrid. Unfortunately, the fungus was found at all of the sampling sites. Chytrid could lead to the extinction of the Grenada frog.

The Zoo and its collaborators began to develop a Conservation Action Plan for the frog in 2010. In 2011, it appeared the frog populations in Grenada had stabilized and in 2012 they seemed to be rebounding. Data from 2013, however, seem to indicate that both frog species may be experiencing a second wave of decline. The number of frogs encountered on surveys conducted during the first 6 months of 2014 were little different from the 2013 survey num - bers. Continued monitoring is necessary to verify this observation. Unfortunately, surveys were not conducted during the rainy Grand Cayman blue iguana season of 2014 due to health concerns for the research team, as an epidemic of In 2014, a second paper was published about this research Chikungunya virus was raging amongst the human in the International Journal of Tropical Biology. This study population of Grenada at that time. has become more defined as it entered its eighth year. Rock Iguana Conservation Projects Two species of corals are being compared, a “weedy,” rather The Zoo and the Zoological Society have supported rock delicate branched coral, and a massive coral that builds iguana conservation in the genus Cyclura since 1995. the framework of a healthy coral reef. The numerous fish In 2003, this support increased with the addition of field - species inhabiting the reef are now being categorized by work studies of the Grand Cayman blue iguana and size class. If fish populations are rebounding, we would Jamaican iguana. expect to see a gradual increase in the size of the fishes in the reserve within the protected areas. Blue iguanas are one of the most endangered lizard species in the world. A 2003 census indicated there might have Grenada Frog Study been as few as 12 Grand Cayman blue iguanas in the wild. The Grenada frog was once widespread on the island Because of the efforts of several zoos, including ours, the nation of Grenada. During the late 1880s, a related frog population is now estimated to number more than 200. species, Johnstone’s frog, was introduced. The Jamaican iguana, once thought to be extinct in the Since that time, Johnstone’s frog has spread throughout the wild, is still very much in peril.

18 The Zoo has participated in the fieldwork for these collab - Starhead Topminnow Breeding orative efforts, resulting in successful releases of captive- Starhead topminnows are an endangered fish species in hatched, raised-and-released iguanas back into the wilds Wisconsin. Although there have been a few cases of suc - of Grand Cayman and Jamaica. Also, through observations cessful captive reproduction in the private sector, there are and radio tracking, data have been collected for the first no reports of breeding in zoos or aquariums. Several pairs time on the habits of these rare species from both raised- were collected in July 2007 with the intent of developing and-released iguanas and free-ranging wild individuals. spawning techniques that could be used by the Wisconsin DNR should a captive breeding program become a necessity. In 2014, the Zoo sent a zookeeper to survey blue iguanas One or two pairs have been collected each year since, in on one of the Grand Cayman Islands. Additionally, a veteri - order to maintain the genetic diversity of the Zoo’s captive nary technician was sent to assist in the health screening population. Fishes from this program have been sent to the of the iguanas. She has been assisting the veterinary staff Urban Ecology Center and other aquariums and nature of the Wildlife Conservation Society with iguana health centers for display. screenings since 2009. More fieldwork is scheduled, and we’ll be sending additional staff to assist fieldworkers with Longear Sunfish Conservation nest monitoring and protection, health screenings and Although somewhat common in the South, the longear radio tracking. Staff also assist with the maintenance of sunfish are an endangered species in Wisconsin. In collabo - iguana raise-and-release facilities. ration with the Wisconsin DNR, a total of 48 longear sunfish were translocated into an artificial pond in front of our Aviary. Zoo personnel have been involved with Jamaican iguana The purpose is an attempt to establish an assurance colony conservation since 2002. During the nesting season, usually of longear sunfish from the Mukwonago River in Wisconsin. early June, wild iguanas are monitored at known nest sites. Only 300 yards of this river support a thriving population of Nesting females are observed and individually identified. this species. Unfortunately, this stretch of river is crossed by Once they have laid their clutch, the iguanas are captured two highways and a railroad trestle. If an accidental toxic for health screening. In early September, 95 days after spill occurs along this site, the longear sunfish, and several nesting, the hatching season begins. Each newly hatched other fish species of conservation concern, could be wiped iguana is weighed, measured, sexed, transpondered, has out. If the colony takes hold, additional longear sunfish will blood collected and is released or taken to Jamaica’s Hope be captured every year in order to maintain a genetically Zoo for headstarting. In 2013, more than 300 hatchlings viable population. were processed, an increase of 30 percent from 2012, but in 2014, the number of hatchlings declined nearly 50 Migratory and Resident Avifauna Study percent from the 2013 total. Future hatching success will Since 2001, Zoo staff and volunteers have continued be monitored closely. Although it is too soon to be sure, to mist-net and leg-band wild birds on Zoo grounds to climate change may be putting additional pressure on the determine the numbers and species that use our grounds already precarious population. as a stopover site during migration. To date, the team has identified 182 species of native migratory birds. Of these Additionally, the Jamaican government is considering a identified species, 44 are listed as rare, threatened or of proposal by a developer to build a shipping port. If built, special concern in the disturbance and accessibility the port would create Wisconsin, and 45 would further threaten this species. have been identified Grenada Bank Treeboa Study as nesting on Zoo grounds. Because of Since 2003, the Zoo has been working with Bob Henderson these remarkable find - (Milwaukee Public Museum Curator Emeritus) on a Grenada ings, the Wisconsin Bank treeboa demographics project. In 2010, we also began DNR has designated collaboration with E. Marie Rush, DVM, and St. George’s the Zoo as a recog - University, Grenada. Her project encompasses demographics, nized migratory bird ecto- and endoparasite identification, and baseline blood stopover habitat. In parameters. Future studies also will include DNA analysis addition, bird-banding of pooled blood samples to identify subpopulations of demonstrations are the species. conducted each year during the Zoo’s

Migratory bird-banding at the Zoo 19 special Earth Day event, Party for the Planet, in which visitors studies on nontoxic alternatives to controlling sandhill can observe the banding process and release birds. crane depredation on crops. In 2013, a hummingbird study began with hummingbird feeders installed on Zoo grounds. In 2014, we initiated a In 2006, a juvenile whooping crane with a broken wing had banding protocol for this unique species of birds as well. been deemed unreleasable by the USFWS. The crane, Torch, was received by the Zoo for veterinary care and display. An Wild Bird Collision Abatement exhibit was created for Torch at our Wong Family Pheasantry Zoo and Society staff, plus volunteers, are involved with to house this bird after the injury healed. Zoo patrons can minimizing the amount of injury and mortality associated learn his story as well as get the full history of the Crane with bird-window collisions by actively modifying existing Recovery Program through signage near his exhibit. structures to mitigate strikes. By applying stencils, striping, silhouettes and decals, as well as using netting and better In 2008, a juvenile female whooping crane, Tiki, was planting practices, we are reducing the number of bird- brought to the Zoo as a companion for Torch. Tiki hatched related mortalities as a result of window collisions. In 2014, from an egg laid in the wild but artificially incubated. She various materials were applied on selected windows at the was raised in Patuxent, Maryland, before traveling back to Zoo to allow us to evaluate the appearance, effectiveness Necedah, Wisconsin, to be and durability of window-collision prevention measures. part of the Autumn Re - To date, the parachute cord product seems to be the most lease Program. Injuries cost effective and aesthetically-friendly application; you’ll sustained from another see it on various buildings throughout the Zoo, crane during Tiki’s flight training rendered Tiki Migratory Bird Support unreleasable. The Zoo and Society also are committed to educating the community about migratory birds by placing several Tiki and Torch have now different types of feeders throughout the Zoo, and planting been living together for native species of plants that provide cover and food for several years and in 2013 migratory birds. and 2014, they nested, and an egg was laid each Bird feeders placed next to the Dall Sheep Exhibit, as well year. We are hopeful that as next to the Peck Welcome Center boardwalk serve as someday they may be examples of what people can do to help migratory birds able to contribute their in their own backyards. Nest boxes are placed around Whooping crane genes to help bolster the Lake Evinrude for bluebird, chickadee, house wren and tree wild population. swallow nesting. Chickadees and tree swallows have fledged from these boxes. In 2014, we expanded this program with In 2012, 2013 and 2014, the Zoo and the Zoological Society several new feeding stations throughout the Zoo. provided funds for a zookeeper to learn more about the handling, restraint, hand-rearing and general husbandry Whooping Crane Conservation practices used by a USFWS facility in Patuxent, Maryland; The Milwaukee County Zoo assists the International Crane the world’s most successful breeder of whooping cranes. Foundation (ICF) and USFWS with whooping crane recovery by acting as a medical care location for injured whooping Humboldt Penguin Conservation and Research cranes that were part of the release program. Our Zoo has a long and storied history with the conservation of Humboldt penguins in their native range, which is The Whooping Crane Recovery Program is responsible for restricted to the coasts of Peru and Chile. In 1994, the Zoo bringing the number of wild cranes back from a low of 16 initiated a long-term research program to study a breeding individuals in the 1940s, to a total of more than 500 indi - colony of Humboldt penguins in Algarrobo, Chile. Several viduals collectively in captivity and in the wild. The ICF journal articles and publications related to this study and uses donated funds to aid in the captive-rearing, release the captive management were completed in 2014. and management of wild cranes as well as developing new release techniques to bolster the existing population. The ICF also presents outreach programs to educate the public on the plight of the cranes as well as conducts

20 Milwaukee Ape Heart Project: Gene Analysis for expand blood pressure measurements in other zoos hold - ARVC in Bonobos ing bonobos, in order to develop normal ranges for finger Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC), blood pressure and identify critical points for therapeutic discovered in one of our bonobos in 2013, has now also intervention with anti-hypertensive medication. been identified in chimps and gorillas. In humans, ARVC can be inheritable and causes replacement of the normal heart The Bonobo Cardiovascular Database is housed at our Zoo muscle with fatty tissue in the right ventricle, leading to and is an integral partner of the Great Ape Heart Project. heart disease, fatal arrhythmias and early death. We are Our data quality is the highest of that collected for all continuing to explore the genetic mutations that may cause species of captive great apes, and was selected to be the ARVC in bonobos through collaboration with a molecular first set of information entered into the new Great Ape genetics team at the Medical College of Wisconsin. Heart Project Database. Genetic analysis is currently underway. Great Ape Research Great Ape Hypertension and For many years, the Zoo has provided researchers with Cardiovascular Disease access to our great apes. Positive-reinforcement training For a number of years, the Zoo has worked at training by staff has resulted in the willing participation of our bonobos for voluntary participation in allowing indirect bonobos, gorillas and orangutans in groundbreaking blood pressure measurements to be collected using finger studies regarding health, cognition, tool use and behavior. cuffs. This work has allowed us to be the first to document The apes can leave the research area whenever they wish, hypertension in an awake animal and to prove that but almost always respond positively to attention, praise treatment with oral blood pressure medications results and the challenge of solving puzzles. in lowering of blood pressure and lessening of heart enlargement. Our success with measuring awake blood In 2013, great ape research was conducted in collaboration pressures in bonobos has been recognized by the Great with researchers from throughout the United States and Ape heart Project, who has submitted a large grant to Europe.

Western lowland gorilla

21 ADDITIONAL CONSERVATION EFFORTS There are numerous examples of Zoo staff, Zoological Society staff, Zoo Pride volunteers and other associates working outside their normal duties to voluntarily support conservation efforts around the world. A few examples from 2014:

Animal Awareness Days – Wolf and Elephant Orangutan Mothers (M.O.M.) is a very popular annual Two zookeeper-driven events were held at the Zoo this year awareness and fundraising event held in the Primates of to showcase their species and educate the public on cap - the World building that focuses on the plight of wild orang - tive care as well as conservation needs in the wild. Zoo staff utans. Proceeds generated during this event were donated and Zoo Pride volunteers helped with the events. Elephant to Orangutan Outreach. New outreach this year included Awareness Day was held Sept.13 and Wolf Awareness Day colorful dyed silk scarves, made by our orangutans, with a Oct. 18. Both events included activities and opportunities little help from their human friends. The orangutans have for behind-the-scene tours of the facilities, zookeeper talks always enjoyed painting and it’s a regular part of their and the distribution of materials on related conservation enrichment program. The proceeds from the sales were organizations. Wolf Day has been hosted at the MCZ for donated to Orangutan Outreach. nearly 15 years, and Elephant Day is a relatively more recent offering. During these special events, visitors are Polar Bears International Arctic Ambassador encouraged to conserve these species, and to learn about Since 2008, the Zoo has been an Arctic Ambassador Center the other species and the ecosystems that are important for Polar Bears International (PBI). In 2014, employees were to sustain wild populations. Funds raised at Elephant involved in several greenhouse gas reduction programs to Awareness Day were donated to the International help save “the great white bear” from extinction. Several Elephant Foundation and Elephants for Africa. volunteers and Zoo and Society employees were awarded the Wisconsin Urban Forestry Council’s Project Partnership In-house Luncheon Fundraiser Award for their involvement in the Trees for You and Me In May, Zoo pachyderm keepers hosted an in-house Program. Volunteers staffed an educational booth at the fundraising luncheon called Cinco de Rhino. Staff and vol - Zoo’s Party for the Planet event to teach visitors about the unteers assisted in donating food items for the luncheon, issues facing polar bears in the wild, and how planting trees and tickets were sold to staff and volunteers. The luncheon can help their plight. In October, one of our zookeepers raised approximately $400, and these monies were spent two weeks in Churchill, Canada, as a PBI In-Field Am - matched by Zoo conservation funds. All proceeds bassador to educate tourists about reducing their carbon benefitted the International Rhino Foundation. footprint. A live webcast featuring scientists on the tundra also was broadcast during the fall as an educational pro - Orangutan Conservation Fundraiser gram for Zoo staff and volunteers. The same zookeeper In 2014, orangutan conservation was supported through organized an off-site fundraising event called “Painting and public donations, Zoo Conservation Fund donations, palm Cocktails for Polar Bears.” The total amount raised for PBI’s oil awareness events and through the sale of orangutan bear awareness safety programs at the event was $675. artwork. Held in conjunction with Mother’s Day, Missing American Association of Zookeepers /Milwaukee Chapter Orangutan The mission of the American Association of Zookeepers (AAZK) is to advance excellence in the animal-keeping pro - fession, foster effective communication beneficial to animal care, support deserving conservation projects and promote the preservation of our natural resources and animal life.

Zookeepers at the Zoo established the Milwaukee AAZK Chapter (MAAZK) in 1975. Currently the MAAZK chapter includes members from both the Milwaukee County Zoo and the Racine Zoo. Officers and members volunteer time to oversee fundraising events, many of which take place on Zoo grounds. In addition, the MAAZK chapter hosts the Zoo’s in-house Lunchtime Lecture series.

22 In 2014, the MAAZK chapter conducted several fundraising • Compressive myelopathy and bladder atony in events and donated the monies raised to conservation a male snow leopard projects and organizations, including: • Artificial burrows to improve the breeding success of Humboldt penguins in Chile * Jaguar Conservation * International Rhino Foundation • Evaluating the conservation value of worldwide * Bornean Clouded Leopard Project zoological institutions * Snow Leopard Trust • Histological evaluation of tree kangaroo reproductive * Baird’s Tapir Project tissues * Sloth Bear Drone Project * Sea Turtle Restoration Project The Zoo also maintains a storage library of frozen or pre - * Penguin Conservation served blood, biopsy tissue and necropsy tissue samples, * Bat Conservation Day Sponsorship all of which are available for approved research projects upon request. OTHER RESEARCH AND STUDIES The Zoo assists in many scientific studies and collaborative Presentations/Publications research projects by providing facilities, staff expertise, data The Animal Division staff deliver more than 1,000 formal and an environment conducive to animal studies. The Zoo presentations and innumerable informal presentations to Research Committee reviews all research proposals to the visiting public every year. In addition, Zoo staff develop ensure the welfare of the animals is protected. Studies that programs, publish articles and research papers, and deliver the Zoo conducted, collaborated with, participated in or presentations locally, regionally and internationally to that were published in 2014 include: contribute to conservation efforts.

• Grenada frog observations in the field and captivity: conservation implications • Gene analysis in a bonobo with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy • Cognition in bonobos as it relates to human cognition • Measurements of hormone levels for reproductive management of hippos • Fetal brain development in bonobos and humans: an ultrasonographic study • Age-related changes in thyroid hormone levels of bonobos • Evidence of philopatry and natal dispersal in Humboldt penguins • Using science to understand zoo elephant welfare • Metacestode infection in a juvenile Bornean orangutan • Laterality in non-communicative behaviors in captive bonobos • Nutrient loading from hippos and their effect on river ecosystem function • Comparing chimpanzee and bonobo communication and neurobiology • Conservation genetics of African and Asian rhinoceroses • Immunocontraception of female ovids and caprids • Differentiating notch marks made on bones by hyenas from those made by humans Red panda

23 COOPERATIVE ANIMAL MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS The Zoo cooperates with all members of the AZA to enhance the survival of endangered species in our collections and in the wild. This is done through Species Survival Plans. Groups of scientists and collaborating experts develop breeding plans to help protect the genetic variations of each of these species. Collaborative programs also are developed with range countries to assist in conservation of these animals and their habitats in the wild.

The Zoo also participates in AZA Species Studbooks to Frogmouth, Tawny manage the propagation and reduce the inbreeding of zoo Gazelle, Addra animal populations, and AZA Taxon Advisory Groups (TAGs) Giraffe, Reticulated & Rothschild to develop strategies for the long-term management of Gorilla, Western Lowland animal groups. The Zoo collaborates with all of the Species Heron, Boat-Billed Studbooks, SSPs and TAGs appropriate for our animal Hippopotamus collection, which includes: Hornbill, Rhinoceros Hyena, Spotted Species Studbooks Ibis, Scarlet Barbet, Bearded Ibis, Waldrapp Boa, Virgin Islands (Caya Diablo) Jaguar Boa, Virgin Islands (St. Thomas) Jay, Plush Crested Cichlid, Lake Victoria - Ishameli Kangaroo, Red Cichlid, Lake Victoria - Melanopterus Kingfisher, Micronesian Hornbill, Great Kookaburra, Laughing Iguana, Grand Cayman Blue Kudu, Greater Iguana, Jamaican Laughing Thrush, White-Crested Monkey, Diana Lemur, Black and White Ruffed Moose Lemur, Mongoose Peafowl, Congo Lemur, Red Ruffed Penguin, Long-Crested Rockhopper Tapir, Baird's (Central American) Tapir, Malayan (Asian)

Species Survival Plans Alligator, Chinese Aracari, Green Bat, Straw-Colored Fruit Bear, Polar Bluebird, Fairy Bongo, Eastern Bonobo Callimico Cat, Black-Footed Cheetah Cichlid, Lake Victoria Colobus, Angolan Colobus, Guereza Dikkop, Spotted Dove, Black-Naped Fruit Eland, Common Elephant Flamingo, Caribbean Fox, Fennec Black-footed cat

24 Lemur, Ring-Tailed Warthog Leopard, Snow Weaver, White-Headed Buffalo Lion Zebra, Grevy's Macaque, Japanese Zebra, Plains Mandrill Monkey, DeBrazza's Taxon Advisory Groups Moose Amphibian Motmot, Blue Crowned Antelope and Giraffe Mynah, Bali Ape Orangutan, Bornean Aquatic Invertebrate Orangutan, Sumatran Bat Panda, Red Bear Penguin, Gentoo Bison, Buffalo, Cattle Penguin, Humboldt Canid and Hyaenid Penguin, Short-Crested Rockhopper Caprinae Pigeon, Green-Naped Pheasant Charadriiformes Pigeon, Nicobar Chelonian Pigeon, Victoria-Crowned Ciconiiformes Rail, Guam Phoenicopteriformes Rattlesnake, Aruba Island Columbiformes Rattlesnake, Eastern Massasauga Coraciiformes Rhea, Greater Crocodilian Rhinoceros, Eastern Black Deer (Cervid/Tragulid) Roller, Blue-Bellied Elephant Screamer, Crested Equid Sea Lion, California Felid Seal, Harbor Freshwater Fishes Siamang Galliformes Spider Monkey, Central American Gruiformes Spider Monkey, Robust Black Lizard Spoonbill, African Marine Fishes Starling, Golden-Breasted Marine Mammal Stilt, Black-Necked Marsupial and Monotreme Stork, Abdim's (White-Bellied) New World Primate Stork, Marabou Old World Monkey Sunbittern PACCT (Passerines) Tamarin, Cotton-Top Pangolin, Aardvark, Xenarthra Tamarin, Golden Lion Parrot Tamarin, Golden-Headed Lion Penguin Tanager, Turquoise Piciformes Teal, Marbled Prosimian Tern, Inca Raptor Tiger, Amur Ratite and Tinamiformes Tiger, Generic Rhinoceros Tiger, Malayan Rodent, Insectivore, Lagomorph Tiger, Sumatran Small Carnivore Toad, Puerto Rican Crested Snake Tree Kangaroo, Matschie's Tapir Turaco, Violaceous Terrestrial Invertebrate Vulture, King Turaco and Cuckoo Wild Pig, Peccary and Hippo

25 Professional Program Management • Co-editor – American Association of Zookeepers Animal Zoo staff members hold management positions in national Keeper Forum and international programs through the AZA and other con - • Reviewer – Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Diseases servation entities. These management positions include: • Behavioral Husbandry Committee – American Association • President – Academy of Veterinary Zoological Medicine of Zookeepers Technicians • Executive Committee – Association of Zoo Veterinary • Director – Milwaukee Ape Heart Project Technicians • Manager – Bonobo Cardiovascular Database • Research Advisory Committee – Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake • Board of Directors – International Rhino Keeper Association • Education Committee – Elephant Managers Association • Chair & Co-chair – Humboldt Penguin SSP • Enrichment Committee – Elephant Managers Association • Veterinary Adviser – Bonobo SSP, Ape TAG, Humboldt penguin SSP, Penguin TAG • Ethics Committee – Association of Zoo Veterinary Technicians • Academy of Veterinary Zoological Medicine Technicians Examination Committee • Grants Committee – Association of Zoo Veterinary Technicians, National American Association of Zookeepers • Vice-chair – AZA Annual Conference Program Committee • Conservation Committee – National American • Management Group – Bonobo SSP Association of Zookeepers • Steering Committee – Institution Data Management • Animal Welfare Committee – Liaison between National Adviser Group, Freshwater Fish TAG, Lake Victoria Cichlid AAZK and AZA SSP, Great Ape Heart Project, Ape TAG, Penguin TAG, Bear TAG • Outreach Coordinator – Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake SSP • SSP Coordinator/Studbook Keeper/Point Person – • Partner – Seafood Watch Program Red Kangaroo, Yellow-Backed Duiker, Short-Crested Rockhopper, Long-Crested Rockhopper, Tayra, In addition, members of the Zoo staff are officers of the Striped Skunk, Canada Lynx Milwaukee Chapter of the AAZK. • Zookeeper Adviser – Bonobo SSP Facilities and Improvements • Scientific Advisory Board – Urban Ecology Center A considerable number of animal area infrastructure projects was completed in 2014. Most of these are not noticed by • Animal Care Manual Team – Bonobo the public, but are critical for the continued operation • Accreditation Inspectors – Association of Zoos and of the Zoo and the well-being of the animal collection. Aquariums The projects included: animal life-support systems, heating, ventilating, electrical and plumbing upgrades, roof • Program Manager – American College of Zoological replacements and other behind-the-scenes renovations. Medicine Residency Program

Bongo ADMINISTRATION AND FINANCE Background and 2014 Review This division oversees the following: Zoo Administration, Cash Management, Financial and Capital Project Planning, Accounts Payable and Receivable, General Office Services (including coordination of security, emergency medical support, reception and switchboard, radio dispatch and clerical support), Information Technology, Program and Audience Evaluation and Research Services, the Zoo’s Green and Guest Experience committees, Zoo-wide Performance Measures, Human Resources, and Employee Safety and Training.

The Zoo ended the year with a total operating budget of During the summer, we promoted one of our Accounting $23,636,220 of which 74% or $17,536,799 was generated staff to Senior Cash Accounting Assistant and filled the from revenues and 26% or $6,099,421 from property tax Cash Accounting Assistant position before year’s end. levy support. Although overall revenues were behind The Zoo’s Accountant assisted with coverage for the budget by $2,298,093, revenues from parking fees, Cash Room throughout most of 2014. rental income and catering increased a total of $115,928 over budget and expenditure savings were $1,511,620 for a net shortfall of $786,473.

The Zoo’s trust funds ended with an increase of $163,964 to the fund balances due primarily to lower expenditures and higher revenues.

Zoo Administration Zoo Administration provides for effective leadership for all Zoo functions and respon - sibilities. Under this leadership, the Zoo has been working with the Wisconsin Department of Transportation (WisDOT) as they renovate the Zoo Interchange. The Zoo was unsuc - cessful in negotiating a land sale with WisDOT for the value of the land acquired from the Zoo due to the Zoo Interchange Project. WisDOT took the land by eminent domain for $8.5 million. The Zoo is appealing Bactrian camel this action through the legal system. Financial and Capital Project Planning and Control Another accomplishment was the renegotiation and signing This section involves coordination of the budget process. of an updated Memorandum of Understanding with the Balancing the budget is challenging when funding is Zoological Society of Milwaukee, which provides for a limited, while service, as well as entertainment values, 50%/50% revenue split on membership sales are expected to be maintained, and new revenue sources between the two organizations. are explored and priorities re-evaluated. Financial reporting Cash Management and analysis continued to be performed on a daily, monthly This section’s responsibilities include reconciliation of and annual basis, with comparisons to the 2014 budget cash receipts to our point-of-sale system, preparation of as well as to previous years. The review of the Zoo’s the bank deposits; preparation of cash register starting contracts continued in 2014 as processes were reviewed banks and daily support of the cashiers for change and and enhancements implemented. deposits of funds; processing of contract ride revenues; and improved monitoring of cashier discrepancies.

27 Accounting (Accounts Payable and Receivable) Information Technology (IT) Accounts Payable and Receivable processed contracts, Information Technology functions were provided by Zoo purchasing requisitions and receipts; monitored the credit staff, Milwaukee County’s Department of Administration – card system; reviewed sales documentation; prepared Information Management Services Division (IMSD) and invoices; tracked accounts receivable; and entered financial outside consultants. The Zoo IT Support position reports transactions into the general ledger. During the year, signif - through IMSD but directly supports the Zoo. The Zoo has icant effort continued toward improving utilization of the continued to partner with a variety of IMSD technical staff automated purchasing function in the point-of-sale system. resources to assist primarily with connectivity, the point-of- Accounting staff have been instrumental in identifying sale, inventory and event management systems. Personnel discrepancies and assisting with problem resolution. from IMSD helped control the Zoo’s expenses by troubleshoot - Effective coordination of travel requests and expenditures ing most register issues for the system on-site, rather than continue to help the Zoo control these costs. Duties related contracting with an outside vendor. to uniform ordering and distribution has been added to the accounting area to improve internal controls. The Zoo IT Support position has allowed for continued improvement in preparation, usage and monitoring of financial information through point-of-sale and Milwaukee County financial systems. Usage of the Internet Supply Store was enhanced for the Commissary, and inventory modifications continue for the Stockroom and resale items.

Program/Audience Evaluation and Research Services This section consists of the Program/Audience Evaluation Specialist. This section’s main focus is to investigate Zoo guests’ experiences via research studies. The Pro - gram/Audience Evaluation Specialist de - signs research, collects and analyzes data, and reports results for studies investigating aspects of a Zoo visit. These may involve exhibit content, programming and special events. This encompasses ongoing annual U.S. Bank Gathering Place entrance research such as the exit poll, and other studies as requested from all Zoo divisions. General Office Services This section also works to collect information from guests The Zoo operates a two-channel ultra-high frequency (UHF) and staff as necessary for the master planning process, and system on the Zoo grounds used by staff for communications other studies with internal stakeholders such as Zoo staff, and coordination. This system helps Zoo personnel coordinate Zoological Society staff and volunteers. The Program/ operations, maintenance and animal care. The system has its Audience Evaluation Specialist coordinates the Guest own backup power supply to provide continued communica - Experience Committee (GEC) and assists in collecting and tions in the event of power failure. reporting performance measures set for the divisions. All Zoo-wide radios are programmed to operate on the Findings are shared both internally and externally where system’s primary channels and on the fallback channels appropriate, including compiling and submitting information and the state and national interoperability repeater to grantors/funders. This position also connects with channels (as defined by Homeland Security) in the event researchers at other institutions to ensure that the Zoo of a system loss. The Zoo radio equipment meets Federal aligns with other free-choice learning institutions (zoos, Communication Commission (FCC) requirements for museums, science centers). |very high frequency (VHF) and UHF licenses.

28 Guest Experience Committee (GEC) disciplinary actions, transfers, employee benefits and The goal of the GEC is to improve the overall experience departmental diversity issues. of the Zoo visit. This encompasses topics, such as customer service, interdepartmental communication, amenities and Also, the Human Resources Coordinator represents the Zoo offered experiences. as part of committees, appeal boards and meetings, and hearings related to various personnel issues. The GEC is coordinated by the Zoo’s Program/Audience Evaluation Specialist and consists of staff from each Zoo Highlights from 2014 include: division working in concert with staff of the Zoological • Participated in Milwaukee County job fairs in to ensure a Society – allowing the GEC to think cross-institutionally diverse workforce about the features and impacts of the issues addressed. • Worked with the Milwaukee County Department of Using feedback from guests and input from staff, the Human Resources to process applications and hire for committee determines what barriers negatively affect a the positions of zooworkers and family farm attendants; Zoo visit and how they can be mitigated. It also identifies • Worked with the Milwaukee County Department of factors of an impactful Zoo experience and considers ways Human Resources to enable the Zoo to advertise current to include those factors in everyday operations. “hot jobs” on the county website In 2013, the committee initiated an employee recognition • Assisted in hiring four individuals for full-time Zoo program titled the Sharing Thanks and Rewards (STAR) employment program. This program allowed department supervisors to highlight instances in which a staff member exceeded • Worked with the Milwaukee County Department of expectations to enhance the experience of Zoo guests. Human Resources to inform, train and provide guidance The STAR program continued in 2014, and the committee to Zoo employees regarding Milwaukee County’s time also kept with its goal of determining how to effectively and attendance, payroll, benefits, recruitment system communicate with guests. and performance appraisals

Green Committee Safety and Training The Zoo has implemented recycling programs and conser - The Safety and Training Section is comprised of the Safety vation-minded projects for many years. Recycling efforts and Training Specialist and a seasonal training assistant. include cell phones, printer cartridges, aluminum cans, light This section is responsible for instructing employees in bulbs, food and motor oils, scrap metals, restaurant cups, regulatory compliance, security, fire code compliance plastic bottles, paper and coffee grinds. The Zoo’s energy- and emergency response and training. The section also savings program of upgraded electrical, natural gas, water is responsible for maintaining occupational health and sewer infrastructure continues to produce savings in utilities. The Zoo also has used green-friendly practices in building Diversity Committee construction and other projects. The Green The Diversity Committee is a group formed within the parameters of Committee members consist of staff from the Human Resources Section with a primary function of providing each division to allow for input and collabo - opportunities for better understanding of civil rights by Zoo personnel. ration with all Zoo areas. The committee consists of seven representatives from various divisions Human Resources who annually make recommendations concerning equal opportunities The Human Resources Section consists of the for all employees regardless of race, color, sex, sexual orientation, Human Resources Coordinator, Administrative religion, national origin, age, handicap and other non-merit factors. Specialist and a seasonal assistant. Responsi bilities include coordinating and The committee acts as a resource for all Zoo staff by providing performing a variety of technical and profes - information and addressing particular concerns or complaints. sional personnel-related tasks. General duties Members attend quarterly training sessions that emphasize diversity- performed entail managing the payroll and related issues in the workplace. Committee members also provide human resources function to include grievance outreach through activities that promote diversity in the workplace. handling, recruitment, promotion, training,

29 programming and training. Assessing workplace hazards, Public Affairs and Services developing safe work practices and assigning proper The Public Affairs and Services Division consists of four personal protective equipment are also assigned tasks. sections: Group Sales, Public Relations, Special Events and Special Programs. In addition to these areas, the division This section also coordinates and provides identification is responsible for the overall marketing, promotion and badges, secures entry points and conducts annual seasonal advertising of the Zoo. The staff includes a division director, orientations, informing seasonal staff of workplace policies. four coordinators, four full-time staff and approximately The section performs routine hazardous waste removal and 50 seasonal zooworkers. storage, and identification audits to ensure compliance with state and federal regulations. Group Sales Each year, the Group Sales Section contracts and manages Material safety data sheets (MSDS) management has been events with corporate, non-profit, and private groups that updated to the new Global Harmonization standards that want to show their “wild side,” and host a unique event with became effective in 2014. This section also is responsible the Zoo as their backdrop. for pesticide usage reports, annual Tier II reports and the annual OSHA log. These events can be hosted in the Peck Welcome Center, Zoofari Conference Center, U.S. Bank Gathering Place, The Safety and Training Specialist and the assistant are Flamingo Café and Jungle Party Room. Picnic sites include responsible for accident investigation and on-site security Oak Grove, Maple Cove, Little Oak, Zoo Terrace, Australian system maintenance, along with Zoo access control and Outback, and Brown Bear Den. Rounding out the areas, surveillance programming. the animal venues include Big Cat Country, Apes of Africa, and the Aquatic & Reptile Center. A client also could choose State and federal compliance regulations mandate the the exclusivity of an entire Zoo grounds rental. annual safety training programming conducted by this section. In addition to required programming, the Safety In 2014, an online consignment ticket option was offered. and Training Section continues to promote the annual The consignment ticket is designed as a convenience to the Employee Safety and Health Fair. Some of the topics corporate companies. This is in addition to paper tickets presented this year included: Emergency Response and that are sold and distributed throughout Wisconsin. Drills, Biosecurity, Bomb Threat, Radio Etiquette and Group Sales continued its relationship with the Wisconsin Fire Extinguisher Training. Park and Recreation Association and the distribution of consignment tickets to more than 120 park and recreation departments throughout the state.

The Group Sales Section also is responsible for children’s birthday parties, group tours and advanced ticket sales.

Special Events Each year, the Public Affairs and Services Division coordinates more than 16 special events held on Zoo grounds, drawing 160,000+ visitors. Here are a few highlights from the year: Behind the Scenes Weekend – March 8 & 9 This popular event lets visitors see areas of the Zoo which are normally not open to the general public. This year’s tour stops included the Aquatic & Reptile Center basement where the building’s filtration system and fish quarantine are located, Zoofari Conference Center our underground Winter Quarters area where the warm-weather animals reside during the 30 winter and the Zoo Library and Elk Barn. More than 10 tours were offered, and led by Zoo volunteers and zookeepers. Attendance: 5,818

Party for the Planet – May 17 & 18 This special event, in partnership with American Transmission Co., focuses on the importance of conservation, and what we can all do to help save our precious resources. New outreach this year highlighted ocean conservation and sustainable seafood. Visitors took part in a special nature conservation zoomobile tour, a self-guided tree identification walk, a native plant sale, and even a garlic mustard pull-a-thon! Attendance: 15,062

Senior Celebration – Aug. 29 Seniors are the stars of this popular annual event as the Zoo offered a variety of outreach activities, entertainment and presentations for guests 55 and over. Wheaton Francis - can Senior Health helps to sponsor the event and presents health and wellness screenings, keeping seniors’ needs in mind. Guests also enjoyed free admission, a special fitness walk and a variety of wellness exhibitors. Attendance: 8,764

Fa mily Farm Weekend – Sept. 6 & 7 Each year, the Zoo comes alive with fall fun, and Wisconsin’s rich farming heritage is highlighted. Sponsored by the Wisconsin Milk Marketing Board, Family Farm Weekend’s Pedal tractor-pull contest on Family Farm Weekend highlight is the children’s pedal tractor-pull contest, along with other harvest activities in the Zoo’s Northwestern • Also during the summer, the Zoo hosted the exhibit, Sting Mutual Family Farm. One of the features again this year Ray & Shark Bay, sponsored by Sendik’s Food Markets. was the popular milk-chugging contest and a craft fair, The return engagement of this popular exhibit ran May 24 presenting wares by our very own Zoo Pride volunteers. through Sept.1, and featured a variety of harmless sting Attendance: 15,989 rays and sharks that visitors could touch. More than 202,000 visitors got up close with these intriguing Special Programs animals during the display, and the Special Programs The Special Programs Section of the Zoo is responsible for Section coordinated and supervised staff for the exhibit. overseeing these areas: Oceans of Fun Seal and Sea Lion Show, sponsored by Anderson Seal, LLC, our temporary • The Special Programs Section continued its partnership summer special exhibits and audiovisual services. with the Zoological Society, serving as a liaison to facilitate In addition, this section works directly with the Zoological all of the society’s events that took place on Zoo grounds. Society, serving as a liaison for all Zoological Society events This partnership serves to strengthen the overall relation - taking place at the Zoo. ship between the Zoo and the Zoological Society.

Following are the 2014 highlights: • Finally, Zoo operations were enhanced by the efforts of • The Oceans of Fun Seal and Sea Lion Show, sponsored the Audiovisual Section. Areas served included: the Animal by Anderson Seal, LLC, is a 20-minute presentation which Division, Public Relations, Group Sales and Special Events. entertains and educates visitors about seals and sea lions Photos, videos and visual presentations were used for through a live animal show. The shows generated more newspaper and magazine articles, animal identification, than $141,000 in revenue for the year, and welcomed Zoo website, marketing and promotional campaigns, 67,234 visitors. collateral pieces and the audiovisual needs of Group Sales clients.

31 Media Relations Throughout the year, the Zoo received positive media coverage from broadcast, print and electronic media outlets.

Following are a few media highlights from 2014: • The Zoo was regularly featured on many of the morning news programs, including “Real Milwaukee” on FOX6 and Channel 12 News This Morning. Topics included our Family Farm Weekend and first-time special event, Animal Enrichment Day. • The daily newspaper, The Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, devoted several feature articles to significant occurrences at the Zoo. Such articles included our snow leopard, Sossy, receiving physical therapy treatments by our feline zookeepers to correct a leg condition known as “swimmer puppy syndrome.” The Zoo’s successful breeding program for red- billed hornbills also was featured during the year. These beautiful toucan-like beaked birds are so prolific here, many of the red-billed hornbills in zoos throughout North America were born at our Zoo. • Throughout 2014, new animal additions, including the Zoo’s Roti Island snake- necked turtle and two female bonobos, were featured in the AZA magazine, Connect. This monthly member publication serves the zoo and aquarium professional community. • The Zoo’s new animal births, acquisitions and special events continued to be promoted on the website as well as our social media outlets, which include Facebook and Twitter. As of the year ending December 2014, the Zoo had 10,000 likes on Facebook.

Print media coverage 32 OPERATIONS 2014 Highlights: The Zoo’s Operations Division consists of the following divisions: Merchandising/Gift Shops, Visitor Services, Concessions and Catering, Grounds and Horticulture, Maintenance and Trades, Custodial, and Time and Material/Major Maintenance/Capital Project Construction Management.

Visitor Services This section meets and greets guests upon entering the Zoo, providing them with infor - mation that is essential to their visit. In 2014, the Visitor Services staff admitted more than 1.2 million Zoo visitors.

This section’s responsibilities include: collecting fees for admission and parking, operating the miniature train, carousel, zoomobile, stroller rentals, sky safari, dog kennels and the mold-a-rama machines. The Visitor Services Division is comprised of two full-time managers, two full-time engineers, one full-time engineer/welder and more than 60 seasonal employees. Face painting

2014 highlights: We have been consistent with other zoos, as well as na - • Installed 3 ton and 7 ton cranes tional and area retailers, feeling the effects of both the in train shop economy and the unpredictable weather. Like other retail outlets, we worked through the challenges of road and exit • Re-tubed boiler on 1924 steam engine closers from the Zoo Interchange Project. Planning maxi - • Worked with the Grand Avenue Club, which is designed mized sales, and we offered more discounted sales, along to assist individuals with special needs to enter the with the addition of two sales locations for T-shirts and workplace and increase their level of self-esteem and branded goods. independence • Completed staff support for every event that occurs during 2014 highlights: • Retained 90% of 2013 seasonal staff regular Zoo hours or after-hours events in conjunction with Group Sales, Public Affairs and Services, Education • Continued to work with eight employees with cognitive and Zoological Society departments disabilities, which helped with job skills and training, and motivating coworkers Merchandising/Gift Shops • Realized record sales for face painting and entrance photos Comprised of one full-time Merchandise Coordinator and 55 seasonal employees, the Merchandise Section generates • Reduced year-end inventory by 32% more than $1.8 million in revenue, with a net profit of • Maintained freight at 1.5% of cost; this was accomplished $1 million. by negotiations at gift shows. The Merchandise Section coordinates all aspects of Zoo • Introduced a job shadowing program for cognitively retail sales, which includes purchasing, receiving, tagging, disabled high school classes ordering, stocking, selling merchandise and sundries. • Assisted with team building by partnering with Our customer service scored a “very good” to “excellent” concession staffing, sales and food preparation rating in Zoo exiting polls. • Maintained and scheduled the switchboard/reception Revenue also is generated from untraditional sources like area employees on weekends, holidays and sick days. revenue share contracts with face painting, temporary tattoos, This was accomplished by cross training a number of staff zip line, ropes courses, entrance photos and penny presses. members

33 Grounds and Horticulture Concessions and Catering The year was marked by change, as two-thirds of this section’s The Concessions and Catering operations provide our management team retired. These positions, combined for guests with food, beverages, and personable service. a total of almost 60 years of experience, will be filled in The diverse staff consists of up to 165 seasonal associates early 2015. The Zoo received two forestry grants that were and two full-time Service Managers. The operation has nine successfully completed. One grant was from the American permanent concession facilities, four popcorn wagons, more Transmission Co., and the other from the Wisconsin DNR. than 50 vending machines, a lemonade stand, a Hawaiian shave ice kiosk and seven beverage and snack carts. We also purchased a new watering tank that reduced time needed to water and fertilize our potted plants, topiaries Maintenance and Trades and flower beds. This tank also was used to water the new A considerable amount of infrastructure work is completed trees planted as part of the grant. each year by the Maintenance and Trades Division. While most projects are not noticeable to the public, In the spring, this section was able to reuse and recycle they are critical to daily operations. Maintaining the tons of leaves and brush collected in the fall and winter of buildings, grounds, exhibits and public areas are vital 2013. By recycling the waste, we were able to reduce fuel to overall operations. usage and make better use of labor resources. Electrical, plumbing, welding, HVAC, painting and general Working with the Milwaukee County Parks Department, we maintenance is performed both in the public/visitor areas shared our street sweeper; saving that department money, in as well as behind the scenes. While most of this work is keeping this machine in operation for more hours during the performed on a schedule, many “emergencies” do occur, day. The Zoo used the sweeper from 5 a.m. until 9 a.m., and and are addressed on a round-the-clock basis. the Parks’ Department used it from 9:30 a.m. until 1:30 p.m. 2014 highlights: • Installation of new walk-in freezer and cooler at the Woodland Concession Stand • Renovation of the women’s restroom at the Administration Annex building • Renovation of the Coffee Shop in the U.S. Bank Gathering Place • Replacement of sectional water valve and fire hydrant • Replacement of communication duct and electrical on Zoo service tunnel • Installation of an emergency generator at the Small Mammals building • Renovation of plumbing and electrical in Polar Bear holding • Upgraded lighting in Apes of Africa, Zoofari Renovated Coffee Shop in the U.S. Bank Gathering Place Conference Center, Peck Welcome Center and Aviary This section continued to support the Animal Division, • Replacement of Parking Lot #1 Group Sales and Special Events. Some of our activities in - clude transporting animals, removing animal waste, reno - • Construction of new Chicken Coop in the Family Farm vating exhibits, and setting up for private events. Removal • Tested and repaired all fire alarm systems of trash, litter and recycling for private events also is han - • Replacement of several in-house heating and dled by the section, as well as support for the Samson cooling systems Stomp, Halloween and much more.

34 Stockroom the Zoological Society. The Stockroom works to ensure all The Stockroom’s major responsibility is to support all of the health, sanitation and safety standards are achieved, and revenue-generating operations. to operate a clean and safe working environment.

The main functions of the Stockroom include: ordering, ship - Custodial ping, receiving, delivering and monitoring of inventory con - The Custodial Section is responsible for keeping buildings trols. In addition, the Stockroom stores all food, beverage, clean for our visitors and staff. This section is integral to merchandise and administrative materials for the Zoo. the success of our Group Sales events, and to the overall impression visitors have of the Zoo. In 2014, the section The 12 Stockroom associates work closely with all of the had additional training on the handling of blood borne Zoo departments to support their daily needs. The Stock - pathogens. room works directly and on a daily basis with Concessions, Catering, Group Sales, Special Events, Merchandising and

The Oceans of Fun Seal and Sea Lion Show, sponsored by Anderson Seal, LLC OPERATING EXPENSES (FINANCIALS) Zoological Department (Unaudited) 2014 2014 Adjusted Budget Actual Year-to-Date Variance ( ) = Deficit Revenues Total Admissions $5,680,139 $4,936,863 $(743,276) Less Group Sales $1,448,086 $1,061,671 $(386,415) Net Operational Admissions $4,232,053 $3,875,192 $(356,861) Concessions $4,256,353 $3,513,537 ($742,816) Catering $151,848 $185,974 $34,126 Novelties $1,836,065 $1,724,698 ($111,367) Parking $1,266,791 $1,292,715 $25,924 Special Exhibit Admissions $353,115 $320,524 ($32,592) Sea Lion Show $195,819 $141,515 ($54,304) Vending Machine Commissions $366,534 $244,035 ($122,499) Strollers $130,000 $100,820 ($29,180) Animal Rides $51,000 $43,029 ($7,972) Total Group Sales $2,360,222 $1,921,933 ($438,289) Carousel $221,252 $200,366 ($20,886) SkyRide $251,722 $135,244 ($116,478) Society Memberships $338,771 $2,958,736 $2,619,965 Donations $187,500 $167,051 ($20,449) Other Private Funding $3,176,554 $0 ($3,176,554) Sponsorships $289,000 $258,465 ($30,535) Miscellaneous Revenue $695,293 $895,216 $199,923 Sales Tax ($525,000) ($442,250) $82,750 TOTAL REVENUES $19,834,892 $17,536,799 ($2,298,093)

Expenditures Personnel Services $8,124,437 $8,374,368 ($249,931) Fringe Benefits $4,909,708 $4,428,406 $481,302 Contractural Services $6,300,251 $5,364,726 $935,525 Commodities $3,507,302 $3,303,896 $203,406 Depreciation $0 $0 $0 Capital Outlay $551,820 $514,240 $37,580 Internal Service Charges $1,754,322 $1,650,584 $103,738 Other Expenditures $0 $0 $0 TOTAL EXPENDITURES $25,147,840 $23,636,220 $1,511,620

TAX LEVY $5,312,948 $6,099,421 ($786,473) ATTENDANCE 1,350,000 1,267,356 (82,644)

Cheetah

36 Zoo Trust Funds (Unaudited) 2014 2014 Railroad Trust Fund Adjusted Budget Actual Year-to-Date Variance ( ) = Deficit Revenues Zoomobile Revenue $76,015 $67,373 ($8,642) Miniature Train Revenue $660,000 $649,236 ($10,764) Earnings on Investments $500 $2,389 $1,889 Donations and Reserve Contribution $137,140 $6,338 ($130,802) Other Revenue $72,367 $59,766 ($12,601) Sales Tax ($31,000) ($30,538) $462 TOTAL REVENUES $915,022 $754,564 ($160,458)

Expenditures Personnel Services $361,358 $275,451 $85,907 Fringe Benefits $82,240 $82,240 $0 Contractual Services $283,236 $170,800 $112,436 Commodities $40,441 $28,829 $11,612 Conservation Projects $13,000 $266 $12,734 Capital Outlay $143,458 $67,954 $75,504 Internal Service Charges $483 $333 $150 TOTAL EXPENDITURES $924,216 $625,872 $298,344 NET INCOME (LOSS) ($9,194) $128,692 $137,886 Fund Balance January 1, 2014 $712,301 Net Income $128,692 Fund Balance December 31, 2014 $840,993

2014 2014 Specimen Trust Fund Adjusted Budget Actual Year-to-Date Variance ( ) = Deficit Revenues Earnings on Investments $600 $1,243 $643 Animal Sales/Milk Sales $16,200 $21,856 $5,656 Giraffe Experience $26,235 $27,776 $1,542 Gifts & Donations $1,500 $4,162 $2,662 Other Miscellaneous Revenue $0 $0 $0 Reserve Contribution $0 $0 $0 TOTAL REVENUE $44,535 $55,037 $10,502

Expenditures Contractual Services $36,450 $16,510 $19,940 Commodities $8,302 $3,254 $5,048 Internal Service Charges $0 $0 $0 TOTAL EXPENDITURES $44,752 $19,764 $24,988 NET INCOME (LOSS) ($217) $35,272 $35,489 Fund Balance January 1, 2014 $228,747 Net Income $35,272 Fund Balance December 31, 2014 $264,019

ZOO TRUST FUNDS Total Trust Revenue 2014 $809,601 Less Total Trust Expenditures 2014 ($645,637) 2014 NET INCOME (LOSS) $163,964 THE MILWAUKEE COUNTY ZOO AND THE ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF MILWAUKEE The mission of the private, nonprofit Zoological Society of Milwaukee is to participate in conserving endangered species, educate people about the importance of wildlife and the environment, and support the Milwaukee County Zoo.

Zoo Support the unrestricted funds given to the Zoo from $1.8 million The Zoological Society raises millions of dollars a year to almost $3 million a year. for support of the Zoo in unrestricted funds, sponsorships, exhibit support and capital projects. For example, long-time The Society raised $220,000 this year for its Annual Appeal Society supporters Quinn and Jane Martin donated funds to upgrade the outdoor Gorilla Exhibit. The money was com - this year to renovate space for a Red River Hog Exhibit, bined with a $100,000 donation from Northwestern Mutual allowing the Zoo to acquire these animals for the first time. for the project. Construction of the new yard began in late An anonymous donor gave the Society $110,000 in 2014 2014. The Society also raised more than $168,000 through to buy new, digital X-ray and ultrasound equipment at the the Sponsor an Animal program to help improve exhibits, Zoo’s Animal Health Center. upgrade buildings and maintain quality habitats for the animals at the Zoo. Fundraisers organized by the Society’s The Society runs the Zoo Pass membership program, sup - Associate Board raised more than $980,000, including ports two veterinary residencies and a pathology residency, $606,000 from Zoo Ball, the Society’s largest annual plans events for members and non-members, solicits fundraiser. sponsors for Zoo and Society events, and runs Zoo Pride, the volunteer auxiliary serving the Zoo and the Society. Creative Department: The Society’s Creative Department It also provides support services in the areas of graphic provides graphics and design support to the Zoo and the design, information technology and more. Society, with projects ranging from full-color magazines and invitations to banners and interactive exhibits. In the 2013- Communications, Marketing and Membership: The Society 14 Society fiscal year, the department produced multiple ended the fiscal year with 48,500 Zoo Pass member print pieces and more than 200 signs in preparation for the households. In 2014, the Zoological Society, Milwaukee Association of Zoos and Aquariums Docents & Volunteers County and the Zoo signed an updated memorandum of conference held in Milwaukee in October 2014. understanding. As part of this agreement, the Society agreed to give half of Zoo Pass revenue to the Zoo in It also produced video and interactive exhibits for the dairy unrestricted funds instead of paying the Zoo for parking barn and Florence Mila Borchert Big Cat Country. for Zoo Pass Plus members. This is projected to increase Zoo Pride: Zoo Pride’s 630 active volunteers contributed more than 50,000 hours of service to the Zoo and Society in 2013-14. This year, the organization launched a Seafood Watch Committee and a Forestry Committee. Zoo Pride played a lead role in organizing and hosting the Association of Zoos and Aquariums Docents & Volunteers conference held in Milwaukee in October 2014. The conference was hosted by Zoo Pride, the Zoological Society and the Milwaukee County Zoo. It drew more than 400 people from across the U.S., Canada and Australia.

Education: The Zoological Society of Milwau - kee’s Conservation Education Department reached more than 300,000 people in fiscal year 2013-14 through its school and scout Animal Ambassador students (from left) Thangyeng L., 10; Darviantae H., 10; and Demetrius J., 9, of Kluge Elementary School in Milwaukee, touch a taxidermied turtle. The program teaches programs, classes and camps, and Kohl’s Wild students about concepts like conservation and animal adaptation. 38 Theater. The department helps the Milwaukee County Zoo nator. The team used her work with the Bonobo & Congo meet its education requirements for accreditation through Biodiversity Initiative as an example of the real-life applica - the Association of Zoos and Aquariums . tions of STEM – science, technology, engineering and math. The result was a new show, “The Congo Code,” created for Classes and Camps: For many years, the Zoological Society grades four through eight that debuted in October 2014. has offered professionally designed classes and camps for children ages 2-14 and their families at the Karen Peck Conservation Katz Conservation Education Center at the Zoo. In 2013-14, Bonobo & Congo Biodiversity Initiative: Bonobos are an it developed a new program for children under age 2 called endangered species of great ape found only in the Demo - Stroller Safari. Led by a Society instructor, parents or grand - cratic Republic of Congo. The Society’s Bonobo & Congo parents take their infants and toddlers through sections of Biodiversity Initiative (BCBI) studies and protects bonobos the Zoo to learn about animals through play. The Education in the Salonga National Park, an immense forest ecosystem Department launched the program in September 2014 with in the Congo. In fiscal year 2013-14, BCBI was able to send eight classes per month, and classes sold out quickly. Salonga guards to conduct patrols into the previously unpatrolled Dar Dar region in the heart of the Salonga. School and Community Programming: More than 27,000 The patrols destroyed more than 100 illegal poaching students and scouts attended Zoological Society education camps and arrested 38 poachers. The BCBI team also programs at the Zoo or in their schools this year. Another constructed its first permanent structure, a prefabricated 90,000 had access to Society curriculum during field trips wooden house, at its research and patrol station. to the Zoo. Many of these children would not have been able to visit the Zoo without the Society and its partners. Bonobo Species Survival Plan: The Zoological Society has managed and coordinated the Bonobo Species Survival This year, the Zoological Society celebrated the 25th Plan (SSP) since 1988. SSPs are programs run through the anniversary of Animal Ambassador. Association of Zoos and Aquariums to manage captive populations of endangered or threatened animals. The program offers students from elementary schools in In September 2014, the SSP published a revised Population disadvantaged neighborhoods the chance to learn about Analysis & Breeding and Transfer Plan for North American animals, conservation and the environment through school Zoos. It found an urgent need for more accredited institutions visits and trips to the Zoo. Since 1989, more than 36,000 to house and breed bonobos in order to retain population students have gone through the program. growth and genetic diversity within the captive population. In 2013-14, the Education Department expanded the Ex - Zoo Projects: The Zoological Society helps fund conserva - tended Learning Program, which allows preschool children tion projects performed at the Zoo and by Milwaukee from Milwaukee Public Schools to attend a special Zoological zookeepers in the field, including the Milwaukee Ape Heart Society class for free with a parent or family member. Project, the study of the Grenada frog and coral reefs in The Society also tweaked its program with Big Brothers Big Grenada, iguana conservation and migratory bird projects Sisters this year. Instead of organizing a general Zoo-visit at the Zoo. day, “Bigs” and “Littles” were invited to complimentary animal-science classes through funding from U.S. Bank.

The Society again offered free summer camps for disadvan - taged youth from Milwaukee-area community centers.

Kohl’s Wild Theater: Kohl’s Wild Theater (KWT), a partner - ship between the Zoological Society and Kohl’s Cares, is the largest zoo-based theater program in the country, offering free performances at the Zoo and at schools, community centers and events within a one-hour radius of the Zoo. A new three-year grant of $1.5 million, announced in 2013, allowed for the expansion of the program and the 2014 renovation of the KWT space at the Zoo.

Cameron, played by James Carrington, tries to talk to a bonobo named This year, KWT created a new outreach show based on the Lil’ Dude, operated by Samantha Sostarich and Marcus Beyer, in the Kohl’s work of Dr. Gay Reinartz, the Society’s conservation coordi - Wild Theater play “The Congo Code.” 39 FINANCIAL SUMMARY Zoological Society of Milwaukee County – Year ending Sept. 30, 2014

SUPPORT AND REVENUE COST OF SUPPORT AND REVENUE MEMBERSHIP DUES (Support Services) From all Zoo Pass and MEMBERSHIP DUES Platypus Circle members ...... $6,734,049 Expense of providing benefits to all Zoo Pass and Platypus Circle members ...... $1,832,542 CONTRIBUTIONS Toward capital projects, specific SPECIAL EVENTS/PROGRAMS programs and support ...... $861,962 Expense of providing and promoting ZSM special events/programs ...... $533,538 SPECIAL EVENTS PROGRAMS/SPONSORSHIPS Including animal sponsorship, Zoo Ball, TOTAL COST OF SUPPORT AND REVENUE education, ZSM and Zoo special events, (Support Services) ...... $2,366,080 and sponsorships ...... $2,293,883 EXPENSES INTEREST INCOME ...... $129,238 DIRECT PROJECT COSTS Expenses relative to capital projects GRANTS ...... $1,171,197 and specific programs ...... $490,967 TOTAL SUPPORT AND REVENUE ...... $11,190,329 ZOO SUPPORT Direct cash and in-kind support to the Zoo; expense of providing, promoting and supporting

60% education; graphics; special-exhibit projects; MEMBERSHIP DUES: 60% 21% and Zoo special events ...... $6,818,370 SPECIAL EVENTS/PROGRAMS: 21% 8% CONTRIBUTIONS: 8% RESEARCH/CONSERVATION 11% GRANTS: 11% Expenses relating to state, national and international programs supporting species preservation ...... $512,854

GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE ZOO SUPPORT, CAPITAL AND DIRECT PROJECT COSTS: 69% 69% Expenses relating to daily ZSM operations ...... $436,133 SUPPORT SERVICES: 22% 22% TOTAL EXPENSES ...... $8,258,324 RESEARCH/CONSERVATION: 5% 5% GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE: 4% TOTAL COST OF SUPPORT & EXPENSES . . . .$10,624,404 4%

Polar bear; 40 underwater viewing Milwaukee County Executive Chris Abele

Milwaukee County Board Chairwoman Marina Dimitrijevic ...... 4th District

Vice Chair Peggy Romo West ...... 12th District

Board of Supervisors Deanna Alexander ...... 18th District Mark Borkowski ...... 11th District David Bowen ...... 10th District Gerry P. Broderick ...... 3rd District David Cullen ...... 15th District Jason Haas ...... 14th District Willie Johnson, Jr...... 13th District Patricia Jursik ...... 8th District Theodore Lipscomb, Sr...... 1st District Michael Mayo, Sr...... 7th District Khalif Rainey ...... 2nd District James “Luigi” Schmitt ...... 6th District Anthony Staskunas ...... 17th District Steve F. Taylor ...... 9th District Martin Weddle ...... 5th District John F. Weishan, Jr...... 16th District

THE MILWAUKEE COUNTY ZOO OFFERS EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES FOR EMPLOYEES AND VISITORS ALIKE.

Editor: Jennifer Diliberti-Shea Designers: Roberta Weldon, Scott DuChateau Photographer: Michael Nepper (unless otherwise noted)

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