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Small, Young Volcanic Deposits Around the Lunar Farside Craters Rosseland, Bolyai, and Roche
44th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference (2013) 2024.pdf SMALL, YOUNG VOLCANIC DEPOSITS AROUND THE LUNAR FARSIDE CRATERS ROSSELAND, BOLYAI, AND ROCHE. J. H. Pasckert1, H. Hiesinger1, and C. H. van der Bogert1. 1Institut für Planetologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 10, 48149 Münster, Germany. jhpasckert@uni- muenster.de Introduction: To understand the thermal evolu- mare basalts on the near- and farside. This gives us the tion of the Moon it is essential to investigate the vol- opportunity to investigate the history of small scale canic history of both the lunar near- and farside. While volcanism on the lunar farside. the lunar nearside is dominated by mare volcanism, the farside shows only some isolated mare deposits in the large craters and basins, like the South Pole-Aitken basin or Tsiolkovsky crater [e.g., 1-4]. This big differ- ence in volcanic activity between the near- and farside is of crucial importance for understanding the volcanic evolution of the Moon. The extensive mare volcanism of the lunar nearside has already been studied in great detail by numerous authors [e.g., 4-8] on the basis of Lunar Orbiter and Apollo data. New high-resolution data obtained by the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) and the SELENE Terrain Camera (TC) now allow us to investigate the lunar farside in great detail. Basaltic volcanism of the lunar nearside was active for almost 3 Ga, lasting from ~3.9-4.0 Ga to ~1.2 Ga before present [5]. In contrast to the nearside, most eruptions of mare deposits on the lunar farside stopped much earlier, ~3.0 Ga ago [9]. -
Appendix I Lunar and Martian Nomenclature
APPENDIX I LUNAR AND MARTIAN NOMENCLATURE LUNAR AND MARTIAN NOMENCLATURE A large number of names of craters and other features on the Moon and Mars, were accepted by the IAU General Assemblies X (Moscow, 1958), XI (Berkeley, 1961), XII (Hamburg, 1964), XIV (Brighton, 1970), and XV (Sydney, 1973). The names were suggested by the appropriate IAU Commissions (16 and 17). In particular the Lunar names accepted at the XIVth and XVth General Assemblies were recommended by the 'Working Group on Lunar Nomenclature' under the Chairmanship of Dr D. H. Menzel. The Martian names were suggested by the 'Working Group on Martian Nomenclature' under the Chairmanship of Dr G. de Vaucouleurs. At the XVth General Assembly a new 'Working Group on Planetary System Nomenclature' was formed (Chairman: Dr P. M. Millman) comprising various Task Groups, one for each particular subject. For further references see: [AU Trans. X, 259-263, 1960; XIB, 236-238, 1962; Xlffi, 203-204, 1966; xnffi, 99-105, 1968; XIVB, 63, 129, 139, 1971; Space Sci. Rev. 12, 136-186, 1971. Because at the recent General Assemblies some small changes, or corrections, were made, the complete list of Lunar and Martian Topographic Features is published here. Table 1 Lunar Craters Abbe 58S,174E Balboa 19N,83W Abbot 6N,55E Baldet 54S, 151W Abel 34S,85E Balmer 20S,70E Abul Wafa 2N,ll7E Banachiewicz 5N,80E Adams 32S,69E Banting 26N,16E Aitken 17S,173E Barbier 248, 158E AI-Biruni 18N,93E Barnard 30S,86E Alden 24S, lllE Barringer 29S,151W Aldrin I.4N,22.1E Bartels 24N,90W Alekhin 68S,131W Becquerei -
The Role of Fieldwork in Rock Decay Research
Geomorphology 200 (2013) 59–74 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Geomorphology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/geomorph The role of fieldwork in rock decay research: Case studies from the fringe Ronald I. Dorn a,⁎, Steven J. Gordon b, Casey D. Allen c, Niccole Cerveny d, John C. Dixon e, Kaelin M. Groom e, Kevin Hall f, Emma Harrison a, Lisa Mol g, Thomas R. Paradise e, Paul Sumner h, Tyler Thompson a, Alice V. Turkington i a School of Geographical Sciences and Urban Planning, Box 875302, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287–5302, USA b Department of Economics and Geography, United States Air Force Academy, 2354 Fairchild Drive, Colorado Springs, CO 80840–6299, USA c Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, P.O. Box 173364, Campus Box 172, Denver, CO 80217–3364, USA d Cultural Sciences Department, Mesa Community College, 7110 East McKellips Road, Mesa, AZ 85207, USA e Department of Geosciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA f Department of Geography, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, British Columbia, Canada V2N 4Z9 g School of Geography and the Environment, South Parks Road, University of Oxford, OX1 3QY, UK h Department of Geography, Geoinfomatics and Meteorology, University of Pretoria, South Africa i Department of Geography, University of Kentucky, 1457 Patterson Office Tower, Lexington, KY 40506–0027, USA article info abstract Article history: Researchers exploring rock decay hail from chemistry, engineering, geography, geology, paleoclimatology, Received 22 September 2012 soil science, and other disciplines and use laboratory, microscopic, theoretical, and field-based strategies. Received in revised form 12 December 2012 We illustrate here how the tradition of fieldwork forms the core knowledge of rock decay and continues to Accepted 12 December 2012 build on the classic research of Blackwelder, Bryan, Gilbert, Jutson, King, Linton, Twidale, and von Humboldt. -
INIS Clearinghouse Other IAEA P. 0. Box 100 ^ I L F A-1400, Vienna, Austria
Attention Microfiche User, The original document from which this microfiche was made was found to contain some imperfection or imperfections that reduce full comprehension of some of the text despite the good technical quality of the microfiche itself. The imperfections may be: - missing of illegible pages/figures - wrong pagination - poor overall printing quality, etc. We normally refuse to microfiche such a document and request a replacement document (or pages) from the National INIS Centre concerned. However, our experience shows that many months pass before such documents are replaced. Sometimes the Centre is not able to supply a better copy or, in som, cases, the pages that were supposed to be missing correspond to a wrong pagination only* We feel that it is better to proceed with distributing the microfiche made of these documents than to withhold them till the imperfections are removed. If the removals are subsequestly made then replacement microfiche can be issued. In line with this approach then, our specific practice for microfiching documents with imperfections is as follows: 1* A microfiche of an imperfect document will be marked with a special symbol (black circle) on the left of the title. This symbol will appear on all masters and copies of the document (1st fiche and trailer fiches) even if the imperfection is on one fiche of the report only. 2. If imperfection is not too general the reason will "be specified on a sheet such as this, in the space below. 3. The microfiche will be considered as temporary, but sold at the normal price. Replacements, if they can be issued, will be available for purchase at the regular price. -
The Development of Rock Coast Morphology on Lord Howe Island, Australia Mark Edward Dickson University of Wollongong
University of Wollongong Research Online University of Wollongong Thesis Collection University of Wollongong Thesis Collections 2002 The development of rock coast morphology on Lord Howe Island, Australia Mark Edward Dickson University of Wollongong Recommended Citation Dickson, Mark Edward, The development of rock coast morphology on Lord Howe Island, Australia, Doctor of Philosophy thesis, School of Geosciences, University of Wollongong, 2002. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/1987 Research Online is the open access institutional repository for the University of Wollongong. For further information contact the UOW Library: [email protected] THE DEVELOPMENT OF ROCK COAST MORPHOLOGY ON LORD HOWE ISLAND, AUSTRALIA A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY from UNIVERSITY OF WOLLONGONG by MARK EDWARD DICKSON (BSc. Hons, Massey University) SCHOOL OF GEOSCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF WOLLONGONG 2002 This work has not been submitted for a higher degree at any other academic institution and, unless otherwise acknowledged, is my own work. Mark Edward Dickson Lord Howe Island, southwest Pacific 1 Abstract Lord Howe Island, situated 600 km east of Australia, provides a unique opportunity to study the development of rock coast landforms and the long-term planation of an oceanic island. The island is a remnant of a large shield volcano that was built by late-Miocene hotspot volcanism. Since this time, the island has gradually migrated northward into warmer seas, and marine planation, operating at a decreasing rate over time, has reduced the island to a vestige of the original volcano. Lord Howe Island currently lies at the southern limit to coral growth. -
Meteoritical Society
Meteoritical Society http://meteoriticalsociety.org 2013 ANNUAL MEETING INVITATION The 76th annual meeting of the Meteoritical Society will take place in Edmonton, the capital city of Alberta, Canada. The meeting will be held on July 29−August 2 at the Crowne Plaza Chateau Lacombe in Edmonton’s downtown core, within walking distance of the Arts District, shopping, nightlife, restaurants, and coffee shops. Edmonton is the most northerly major city in Canada. Long daylight hours and warm weather are therefore expected during the summer months. Situated on the North Saskatchewan River, Edmonton is close to UNESCO World Heritage Sites such as Jasper and Banff national parks in the Canadian Rocky Mountains, Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump, and Dinosaur Provincial Park. Less than an hour from Edmonton is Anaïs Fourny, one of the two students sponsored by the Meteoritical Society to attend the workshop. PHOTO CREDIT: ALLAN TREIMAN Elk Island National Park. In addition to being an opportunity to observe bison, moose, and deer in a natural setting, this dark-sky preserve is also a prime viewing area for the aurora borealis, a light show we may fi eld study of a terrestrial analog for lunar crust formation. The be treated to as the next northern lights activity maximum is Meteoritical Society was a cosponsor, and supported attendance by two approached. The conference banquet will be held on Wednesday, July students, Corey Wall and Anaïs Fourny of the University of British 31, on the picturesque campus of the University of Alberta. Columbia. The workshop, held on July 12–16, 2012, was convened by Dr. -
The Solar System and Beyond Ten Years of ISSI Johannes Geiss & Bengt Hultqvist (Eds.)
COVER-ISSI-SR-003 16-12-2005 12:56 Pagina 1 SR-003 ISSI Scientific Report SR-003 The Solar ofISSI Years Ten SystemandBeyond: The Solar System and Beyond Ten Years of ISSI Johannes Geiss & Bengt Hultqvist (Eds.) Contact: ESA Publications Division c/o ESTEC, PO Box 299, 2200 AG Noordwijk, The Netherlands Tel. (31) 71 565 3400 - Fax (31) 71 565 5433 colofon 16-12-2005 12:54 Pagina i i SR-003 June 2005 The Solar System and Beyond Ten Years of ISSI Editors Johannes Geiss and Bengt Hultqvist The Solar System and Beyond: Ten Years of ISSI colofon 16-12-2005 12:54 Pagina ii ii J. Geiss & B. Hultqvist Cover: Earth rising above the lunar horizon as seen by the Apollo 8 crew - Frank Borman, James Lovell and William Anders - when orbiting the Moon in December 1968 (Photo: NASA/Apollo 8 crew) The International Space Science Institute is organized as a foundation under Swiss law. It is funded through recurrent contributions from the European Space Agency, the Swiss Confederation, the Swiss National Science Foundation, and the University of Bern. Published for: The International Space Science Institute Hallerstrasse 6, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland by: ESA Publications Division ESTEC, PO Box 299, 2200 AG Noordwijk, The Netherlands Publication Manager: Bruce Battrick Layout: Jules Perel Copyright: © 2005 ISSI/ESA ISBN: 1608-280X Price: 30 Euros Contents 16-12-2005 11:27 Pagina iii iii Contents R.-M. Bonnet Foreword . v PART A J. Geiss and B. Hultqvist Introduction . 3 R. Lallement The Need for Interdisciplinarity . 5 L.A. Fisk The Exploration of the Heliosphere in Three Dimensions with Ulysses . -
Analysis of the Shape of Antarctic Tafoni
geosciences Article Universal Shapes? Analysis of the Shape of Antarctic Tafoni Rob Inkpen 1 and Kevin Hall 2,* 1 Department of Geography, University of Portsmouth, Buckingham Building, Lion Terrace, Portsmouth and Hampshire PO1 3HE, UK; [email protected] 2 Department of Geography, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6139, South Africa * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 11 February 2019; Accepted: 25 March 2019; Published: 2 April 2019 Abstract: Using dimensional data from over 700 tafoni in Antarctica, this paper identifies how the dimensionless ratios of width/length (W/L) and depth/length (D/L) vary with tafoni length. The analysis suggests that these ratios do tend to converge to values that are similar to those found for fragments produced by brittle fracture and fragmentation. Dividing the data into quintiles and deciles, it is possible to assess how tafoni size and shape change as tafoni length increases. Smaller tafoni do tend to have a rounder plan form which rapidly changes as tafoni length increases towards the W/L ratio of 0.67. It is suggested that initial tafoni development is limited by the conditions set out in a recent mathematical model of tafoni development. This model focuses on tafoni development through the interactions of variable rock strength and the varying concentration gradient of a corrosive agent. Erosion involves the removal of relatively small sections of rock and is analogous to a continuous erosional process. This model produces tafoni of relatively circular plan form. Above a certain tafoni length it is suggested that processes associated with brittle fracture begin to dominant the development and shape of tafoni. -
Antigravity and Antigravitational Forces
A n t i g r a One hundred years ago, Albert Einstein came up with a new theory of v i t gravitation. Later he added to his field equations the cosmological y constant which is accountable for the accelerated expansion of the universe. Thus a natural question arises concerning what is the energy source for this expansion. This monograph is about the novel concept of antigravity and antigravitational forces. We present various observational arguments showing the expansion on small cosmological scales. In particular, the Solar system and single galaxies expand at a rate comparable to the Hubble constant. The novelty of our ideas is that traditionally the expansion of the universe according to Edwin Hubble has been assumed to take place only between galaxies. The boldness of our approach is that it points to a weak violation of the law of conservation of energy. We claim that any system of free bodies that interact gravitationally with delays expands on average. We suggest that this is due to gravitational aberration effects resulting from a finite speed of gravity. Our book should be especially useful for scientists who look for the origin of dark matter and dark energy. Michal Křížek Filip Křížek Lawrence Somer Michal Křížek is a senior researcher at the Institute of Mathematics of the Czech Academy of Sciences and Professor at Charles University. Filip Křížek is a junior researcher at the Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Antigravity - Its Origin and Academy of Sciences. Lawrence Somer is Professor of Mathematics at the Catholic University of America in Washington, D.C. -
Some Milestones in History of Science About 10,000 Bce, Wolves Were Probably Domesticated
Some Milestones in History of Science About 10,000 bce, wolves were probably domesticated. By 9000 bce, sheep were probably domesticated in the Middle East. About 7000 bce, there was probably an hallucinagenic mushroom, or 'soma,' cult in the Tassili-n- Ajjer Plateau in the Sahara (McKenna 1992:98-137). By 7000 bce, wheat was domesticated in Mesopotamia. The intoxicating effect of leaven on cereal dough and of warm places on sweet fruits and honey was noticed before men could write. By 6500 bce, goats were domesticated. "These herd animals only gradually revealed their full utility-- sheep developing their woolly fleece over time during the Neolithic, and goats and cows awaiting the spread of lactose tolerance among adult humans and the invention of more digestible dairy products like yogurt and cheese" (O'Connell 2002:19). Between 6250 and 5400 bce at Çatal Hüyük, Turkey, maces, weapons used exclusively against human beings, were being assembled. Also, found were baked clay sling balls, likely a shepherd's weapon of choice (O'Connell 2002:25). About 5500 bce, there was a "sudden proliferation of walled communities" (O'Connell 2002:27). About 4800 bce, there is evidence of astronomical calendar stones on the Nabta plateau, near the Sudanese border in Egypt. A parade of six megaliths mark the position where Sirius, the bright 'Morning Star,' would have risen at the spring solstice. Nearby are other aligned megaliths and a stone circle, perhaps from somewhat later. About 4000 bce, horses were being ridden on the Eurasian steppe by the people of the Sredni Stog culture (Anthony et al. -
Sci Philately
About the Exhibit This project started many years ago in a kitchen sink. The sink has changed, but the activity endures. Stamps have been a source of fascination and enjoyment for many children and adults alike, including the elite and powerful, presidents and kings. These tokens of payment for the service of communication between people have evolved over the last 150 years from drab bits of paper into sometimes large and gaudy message boards for anniversaries, propaganda or celebrations. While 50 years ago heads of state were the norm and only a handful of scientific events or personages appeared on postage stamps, more recently the topic science has become a collectible commodity along with dogs, birds, space exploration, dinosaurs and Disney characters. The image of Einstein has become commonplace, and in an effort to corner valuable revenue some developing countries have launched series of stamps celebrating recent Nobel laureates (none of them their own), taking a lead from the excellent Swedish Nobel stamp program. As more countries are commemorating their famous sons and daughters, it becomes possible to fit together pieces of the great mosaic of the history of science, still with many gaps, to be sure. Some of the most satisfying stamps are not the ones displaying portraits, but those presenting ideas and experiments. such as the photoelectric effect, cloud chamber photographs, or the solar absorption spectrum. The stamps presented here are from my personal collection and as such are an incomplete reflection of the range of published science-related postal materials. The large and fruitful area of space exploration deserves a separate exhibit, as does the diverse, fascinating field of technology. -
Image Map of the Moon
U.S. Department of the Interior Prepared for the Scientific Investigations Map 3316 U.S. Geological Survey National Aeronautics and Space Administration Sheet 1 of 2 180° 0° 5555°° –55° Rowland 150°E MAP DESCRIPTION used for printing. However, some selected well-known features less that 85 km in diameter or 30°E 210°E length were included. For a complete list of the IAU-approved nomenclature for the Moon, see the This image mosaic is based on data from the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Wide Angle 330°E 6060°° Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature at http://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov. For lunar mission C l a v i u s –60°–60˚ Camera (WAC; Robinson and others, 2010), an instrument on the National Aeronautics and names, only successful landers are shown, not impactors or expended orbiters. Space Administration (NASA) Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) spacecraft (Tooley and others, 2010). The WAC is a seven band (321 nanometers [nm], 360 nm, 415 nm, 566 nm, 604 nm, 643 nm, and 689 nm) push frame imager with a 90° field of view in monochrome mode, and ACKNOWLEDGMENTS B i r k h o f f Emden 60° field of view in color mode. From the nominal 50-kilometer (km) polar orbit, the WAC This map was made possible with thanks to NASA, the LRO mission, and the Lunar Recon- Scheiner Avogadro acquires images with a 57-km swath-width and a typical length of 105 km. At nadir, the pixel naissance Orbiter Camera team. The map was funded by NASA's Planetary Geology and Geophys- scale for the visible filters (415–689 nm) is 75 meters (Speyerer and others, 2011).