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JAPANESE TANKS and TANK TACTICS

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JAPANESE TANKS and TANK TACTICS U U635 ~ no.26 ¾c.3 REGRADEo UNCLASSIFIEDB ,oTFI DOD DIR. 5201 R BP~a~Y IJI-zw Ps;S~-~\,Sec,\ltC;r~ Lee- 35 9, 1C4I U.S. ArmyM SPECIAL SERIES NO. 26 t194 I ( JAPANESE TANKS and TANK TACTICS MILITARY INTELLIGENCE SERVICE WAR DEPAR TMENT W A SHINGTON, D. C. United States Government Printing 0.fice Washington · 1944 PROPERTY OF US ARMY lid"~~ss :i~~~~··i.~ ~~A - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~- MILITARY INTELLIGENCE SPECIAL SERIES SERVICE NO. 26 WAR DEPARTMENT MI 461 WASHINGTON 25, D. C., 15 November 1944. .Notice 1. SPECIAL SERIES is published for the purpose of providing officers with reasonably confirmed information from official and other reliable sources. 2. Reproduction within the military service is encouraged provided that (1) the source is stated, (2) the classification is maintained, and (3) one copy of the publication in which the material is reproduced is forwarded to the Military Intelligence Service, War Department, Washington 25, D. C. DISTRIBUTION: Overseas and Continental Distribution will be made to: Armies (10); Corps (2); T of Opns (50). Distribution for POA, SWPA, CBI and Alaskan Department only: D 5, 6, 17, 18, 44 (5); B 5, 6, 17, 18, 44 (2) ; R 5, 6, 17, 44 (2); C 5, 6, 17, 18, 44 (1); ID 1 (5); IB 1 (2); IR 1 (2); I Bn 1 (2). ID 1: T/O & E 1-1-1SP; 1-100-1 IB 1: T/O & E 1-80-1SP; 1-550-1 IR 1: T/O & E 1-12; 1-132 IBn 1: T/O&E 1-27; 1-37; 1-47; 1-67; 1-137. All other Arms and Services: D (2); B (2); R (2); Bn (1). For explanation of symbols, see FM 21-6. Im Contents Page INTRODUCTION .. ....................................... VII CHAPTER I. ORGANIZATION ................................... 1 Armored Divisions ...................................... 1 Non-Division Units ..................................... 5 CHAPTER II. TACTICS ....................................... 10 General Doctrine ....................................... 10 Tanks in Infantry Support ............................... 12 Principles of Infantry Support ........................... 14 Special Tactical Situations ............................... 18 CHAPTER III. EQUIPMENT ................................... 23 Introduction ........................................... 23 Tankettes ............................................. 26 Light Tanks ........................................... 32 Medium Tanks ........................................ 54 Heavy Tanks .......................................... 65 Armored Cars ......................................... 73 Armament ........................................... 76 Front Cover: Emblem of Japanese Tank Troops, worn on collars of blouses_ Illustrations Figure Page 1. .Japanese Model 95 (1935) light tank .................................. vii 2. The armored division (square) ....................................... 2 3. The armored division (triangular) .................................... 3 4. The division tank unit .............................................. 4 5. The tank group .................................................... 5 6. The cavalry brigade tank unit ....................................... 5 7. The independent tank regiment ...................................... 6 8. The independent tank regiment ...................................... 7 9. Model 92 (1932) tankettes .......................................... 9 10. Model 97 (1937) tankettes ........................................... 10 11. Model 94 (1934) medium tanks deployed in China ..................... 11 12. Model 95 (1935) light tank after engaging U. S. M4 medium tanks........ 18 13. Rear view of twoJapanese Model 95 (1935) light tanks knocked out by U. S. M4 medium tanks on Tinian ...................................... 19 14. Front view of two Model 95 (1935) light tanks ......................... 20 15. Model 95 (1935) light tank dug in to face a beach on Eniwetok.......... 22 16. Tank nomenclature ................................................ 24 17-a. Rear of light tank on Tinian, showing hit by and effect of HE projectile.. 25 17-b. Front of light tank showing effect on front of hit by HE projectile ....... 25 18. Model 95 (1935) light tank knocked out on Peleliu ..................... 26 19. Model 92 (1932) tankette ........................................... 27 20. Model 92 (1932) tankette with tracked trailer .......................... 27 21. Model 92 (1932) tankettes crossing Sinkiang river ............. 28 22. Model 94 (1934) tankette ........................................... 29 23. Model 97 (1937) tankette ........................................... 30 24. Model 93 (1933) light tank .......................................... 32 25. Model 93 (1933) light tank (improved) ............................... 33 26. Model 95 (1935) light tank, right side ................................. 36 27. Model 95 (1935) light tank, left side ................................. 36 28. Model 95 (1935) light tank, right front view ........................... 37 29. Model 95 (1935) light tank, left front view ............................. 37 30. Model 95 (1935) light tank, front view ................................ 38 31. Model 95 (1935) light tank, rear view ................................. 38 32. Model 95 (1935) light tank, top view ................................. 39 33. Model 95 (1935) light tank showing suspension ......................... 42 34. Model 95 (1935) light tank, track-adjusting nut and assembly ............ 43 35. Model 95 (1935) light tank, steering assembly .......................... 43 36. Model 95 (1935) light tank turret. Photograph shows how a knife blade will jam turret when forced into crevice between turret and tank body .... 44 37. A small brick or any hard object will jam the turret of the Model 95 (1935) light tank when turret is turned to overhang hull of tank ......... 45 38. Model 95 (1935) light tank. Six-cylinder, in-line, air-cooled Diesel engine. 46 39. Rear view of Model 95 (1935) light tank, showing fuel oil filler cap, motor oil storage tank and filler cap, and two rear idler brackets ........ 46 V Illustrations--Continued Figure Page 40. Interior of turret of Model 95 (1935) light tank ........................ 47 41. Interior of driving compartment of Model 95 (1935) light tank ........... 48 42. Right front view of amphibious tank without pontons ................... 50 43. Rear view of amphibious tank without pontons ......................... 50 44. Rear view of amphibious tank knocked out by Marine artillery at Saipan... 51 45. Rear view of amphibious tank ....................................... 51 46. Amphibious tank with bow ponton attached ........................... 52 47. Disengagement of bow ponton of amphibious tank ...................... 52 48. Amphibious tank showing rear ponton attached ........................ 53 49. Section of rear ponton of amphibious tank ............................ 53 50. Right front view of Model 89A (1929) medium tank .................... 56 51. Right front view of Model 89A (1929) medium tank .................... 56 52. Right front view of Model 89B (1929) medium tank .................... 57 53. Left front view of Model 89A (1929) medium tank ...................... 57 54. Model 94 (1934) medium tank, right front view ....................... 60 55. Model 94 (1934) medium tank, front view with driver's hatch open....... 61 56. Model 94 (1934) medium tank, left side ............................... 61 57. Model 94 (1934) medium tank, right side ............................. 62 58. Model 94 (1934) medium tank, left front .............................. 62 59. Model 94 (1934) medium tanks on a road in China ..................... 63 60. Top view of Model 94 (1934) medium tank ............................ 63 61. Model 97 (1937) special medium tank, with elongated turret to mount long-barreled 47-mm tank gun ..................................... 66 62. Front view of Model 97 (1937) medium tank ........... ... ....... 67 63. Front view of Model 97 (1937) medium tank with turret trained to left.... 67 64. Right front of Model 97 (1937) medium tank .......................... 68 65. Right side of Model 97 (1937) medium tank .......................... 68 66. Left side of Model 97 (1937) medium tank ............................ 69 67. Right side of Model 97 (1937) medium tank ............................ 69 68. Front view of Model 97 (1937) medium tank .......................... 70 69. Rear view of Model 97 (1937) medium tank ........................... 70 70. Top view of Model 97 (1937) medium tank ............................ 71 71. Front view of Model 97 (1937) medium tank disabled at Saipan .......... 72 72. Top frontal view of Model 97 (1937) medium tank disabled at Saipan ..... 72 73. Sumida armored car, fitted with rubber tires for road travel ............... 74 74. Sumida armored car, fitted with flanged steel tires for rail travel ............ 74 75. Model 92 (1932) naval armored car ............. ............... 75 76. Model 94 (1934) tank gun .......................................... 77 77. Comparison of ammunition for the Model 94 (1934) 37-mm AT gun and the Model 94 (1934) 37-mm tank gun .................................. 77 78. Model 97 (1937) 7.7-mm tank machine gun, with telescope and barrel guard removed ............................ ....................... 79 79. Model 97 (1937) 7.7-mm tank machine gun ......... .............. 79 80. Model 97 (1937) 7.7-mm tank machine gun with telescope in place....... 79 81. Model 97 (1937) 7.7-mm tank machine gun with bipod for use as a ground gun ............................... ............................. 80 82. Model 91 (1931) 6.5-mm
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