Identifying Local Actors of Deforestation and Forest Degradation in the Kalasha Valleys of Pakistan T ⁎ Alam Zeba,B, , Andreas Hamanna, Glen W
Forest Policy and Economics 104 (2019) 56–64 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Forest Policy and Economics journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/forpol Identifying local actors of deforestation and forest degradation in the Kalasha valleys of Pakistan T ⁎ Alam Zeba,b, , Andreas Hamanna, Glen W. Armstronga, Dante Acuna-Castellanosa a Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, 751 General Services Building, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H1, Canada b Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sheringal Dir (Upper), Pakistan ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Prevention of forest loss is a high priority in Pakistan, where catastrophic flooding in 1992 and 2010 has been Deforestation linked to deforestation. Under the United Nation's REDD+ program, new incentive schemes are developed to Forest degradation encourage forest protection and reforestation, while implementing social safeguards for forest-dependent in- Pakistan digenous groups. The objective of this study is to support Pakistan's REDD+ readiness activities that affect the Chitral Kalasha, a unique indigenous people that are nominated for enhanced protection of the UNESCO Intangible REDD+ Cultural Heritage list. We aim to identify actors and power structures that have caused deforestation in the past, Indigenous people Kalasha and recommend policy improvements that protect forests as well as the Kalasha's culture and traditional live- Remote sensing lihoods. A remote-sensing based historical analysis showed that government actors have significant power to Logging ban influence land use practices in the region, although their policy instruments may not have had the intended effects. A logging ban in 1993 could not stop forest loss and instead caused a shift to illegal selective cutting of the same magnitude.
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