Elaine Nogueira Dias

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Elaine Nogueira Dias UNIVERSIDADE PAULISTA - UNIP PROGRAMA DE DOUTORADO EM COMUNICAÇÃO REALISMO SOCIAL NA TELENOVELA INGLESA: Elementos de representação em Coronation Street Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Comunicação da Universidade Paulista – UNIP, para obtenção do título de doutor em Comunicação. ELAINE NOGUEIRA DIAS São Paulo 2017 UNIVERSIDADE PAULISTA - UNIP PROGRAMA DE DOUTORADO EM COMUNICAÇÃO REALISMO SOCIAL NA TELENOVELA INGLESA: Elementos de representação em Coronation Street Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Comunicação da Universidade Paulista – UNIP, para obtenção do título de doutor em Comunicação, sob orientação do Prof. Dr. Antonio Adami. ELAINE NOGUEIRA DIAS São Paulo 2017 Dias, Elaine Nogueira. Realismo Social na telenovela inglesa: elementos de representação em Coronation Street. / Elaine Nogueira Dias. - 2017. 127 f. Tese de Doutorado Apresentada ao Programa de Pós Graduação em Comunicação da Universidade Paulista, São Paulo, 2017. Área de Concentração: Configuração de Linguagens e Produtos Audiovisuais na Cultura Midiática. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Antonio Adami. 1. Coronation Street. 2. Telenovela. 3. British Soap. 4. BBC. 5. ITV. I. Adami, Antonio (orientador). II. Título. ELAINE NOGUEIRA DIAS REALISMO SOCIAL NA TELENOVELA INGLESA: Elementos de representação em Coronation Street Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Comunicação da Universidade Paulista – UNIP, para obtenção do título de doutor em Comunicação. NOTA: __________ DATA DA APROVAÇÃO: ____/_____/_____ ________________________________________________ Prof. Dr. Antonio Adami (orientador) Universidade Paulista - UNIP ________________________________________________ Prof. Dr. Laurindo Lalo Leal Filho Universidade de São Paulo - USP ________________________________________________ Profa. Dra. Daniela Jakubaszco Universidade Municipal de São Caetano do Sul - UMSCS ________________________________________________ Profa. Dra. Carla Montuori Fernandes Universidade Paulista – UNIP ________________________________________________ Profa. Dra. Simone Luci Pereira Universidade Paulista - UNIP DEDICATÓRIA AGRADECIMENTOS SUMÁRIO RESUMO........................................................................................................... 09 ABSTRACT........................................................................................................ 10 GLOSSÁRIO ..................................................................................................... 11 INTRODUÇÃO .................................................................................................. 12 CAPÍTULO 1 – Televisão e a premissa do serviço público 1.1. Considerações sobre cultura de massa: o estigma da televisão ............. 18 1.2. O legado americano: televisão e consumismo ........................................ 25 1.3. O modelo britânico: nascimento e consolidação da BBC ........................ 30 1.4. Public Service Broadcasting e o processo de descentralização .............. 35 1.5. Independent Television e a concepção de Coronation Street .................. 40 CAPÍTULO 2 – Realismo social na perspectiva histórica 2.1. Realismo Social e a British Soap .............................................................. 45 2.2. Decada de 60 – Uma nova forma de se fazer televisão ........................... 55 2.3. Década de 70 – Abordagem acadêmica e a representação da mulher .... 61 2.4. Decada de 80 – Crise e concorrência: as novas British Soap .................. 66 2.5. Decada de 90 – A telenovela como palco de debate social ..................... 71 2.6. Decada de 2000 – A era do protagonismo do público .............................. 77 CAPÍTULO 3 – Coronation Street e as histórias do cotidiano 3.1. Introdução ao recorte temático .................................................................. 83 3.1.1. Tema 1 – Morte ....................................................................................... 87 3.1.2. Tema 2 – Humor ...................................................................................... 91 3.1.3. Tema 3 – Vilania ..................................................................................... 94 3.1.4. Tema 4 – Traição .................................................................................... 96 3.1.5. Tema 5 – Acidente ................................................................................ 100 3.1.6. Tema 6 – Casamento .............................................................................102 3.1.7. Tema 7 – Temas Sociais ....................................................................... 106 3.1.8. Tema 8 – Simbólicos ............................................................................. 111 3.1.9. Tema 9 – Despedidas ............................................................................ 114 CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS …………………………………………………..…… 118 BIBLIOGRAFIA ................................................................................................. 123 Referências bibliográficas Dicionários e outras fontes de consulta ANEXOS ............................................................................................................ 128 Anexo 1. Concepções sobre TV pública Anexo 2. Licenças de rádio e TV no Reino Unido Anexo 3. Reflexões sobre cultura Anexo 4. Personagens icônicos de Coronation Street Anexo 5. Lista de casamentos em Coronation Street Anexo 6. Lista de óbitos em Coronation Street Anexo 7. Lista de nascimentos em Coronation Street Anexo 8. Premiações do British Soap Awards – voto popular Anexo 9. Premiações do British Soap Awards – voto dos jurados Anexo 10. Press pack ITV – 50 anos de Coronation Street Anexo 11. Decupagem de ‘Coronation Street – 50 years, 50 moments’ 9 RESUMO A telenovela é um produto televisivo que simboliza uma das mais relevantes expressões da cultura popular em todo o mundo, despertando há décadas o interesse acadêmico especialmente quanto ao seu impacto social no que diz respeito às massas de telespectadores. Nesta pesquisa, temos como intenção explorar o lugar representativo da teledramaturgia no Reino Unido tendo como objeto de estudo a telenovela inglesa Coronation Street, em produção neste país desde 1960, e cuja trama retrata a vida das famílias de classe operária de uma comunidade fictícia do norte do país. O fato de uma telenovela ser produzida e transmitida continuamente por quase 6 décadas constitui um fato pouco comum e pouco conhecido entre as produções seriadas ao redor do mundo e por esta razão desperta curiosidade e o especial interesse em sua história e sobrevivência. Portanto, através da contextualização histórica sobre as bases da TV britânica e sobre a essência narrativa de Coronation Street verificamos que um dos principais fatores que elucidam o êxito e longevidade desta telenovela é a sua capacidade de se manter relevante em sua representação do cotidiano, o que pode ser compreendida não apenas nos moldes do Realismo Social, mas também no diálogo entre o entretenimento e o serviço de interesse público, entre o poder da televisão como meio de comunicação de massa e gerador de conteúdos de entretenimento dirigido às massas, e o lugar representativo de Coronation Street na sociedade inglesa através de sua narrativa e temáticas. Palavras-chave: 1. Coronation Street. 2. Telenovela. 3. British Soap 4. Realismo Social. 5. BBC. 6. ITV 10 ABSTRACT Soap opera is a genre in television that best represents one of the most relevant expressions of popular culture all over the world, and for decades now has inspired academic research specially regarding how it socially impacts the massses of audience. In this paper, we intend to explore the representative place of this form of drama series in the United Kingdom. As our object of study, we have chosen the British soap opera Coronation Street, in production since 1960, with a narrative that portrays the life of a working-class community of the north of England. The fact a soap opera may be produced and broadcast continually for almost 6 decades constitutes a not very commom feature within drama production around the world, and for that reason alone generates curiosity and an special interest in its history and survival. On that note, through the historic assessment of the British television and the narrative essence of Coronation Street, we have concluded that one of the main reasons for Coronation Street’s success and longivity lays in its ability to remain relevant in the representation of everyday life, what can be comprehended not only on the basis of the Social Realism, but also in the dialog between entertainment and public service, between the power of television as mass media and producer of entertainmnt contente for the masses, and the representative place of Coronation Street in the British society through its narrative and themes. Keywords: 1. Coronation Street. 2. Telenovela. 3. British Soap 4. Realismo Social. 5. BBC. 6. ITV 11 GLOSSÁRIO British Soap - telenovela inglesa em sua singularidade narrativa considerando os elementos específicos deste tipo de produção (ver capítulo 2, ítem 2.1) Broadcast – (verbo) transmitir, emitir ou difundir via rádio, TV ou internet Broadcasting – (substantivo) a transmissão, emissãoo ou difusão Broadcaster – (agente) transmissor, emissor, canal. Utilizamos este termo ao nos referirmos redes de televisão, como BBC e ITV. Novela – usaremos este termo sempre que tratarmos da telenovela brasileira. Ao nos referirmos a outras modalidades, usaremos sempre o termo telenovela. Personagem icônico – personagens ícones. Nesta pesquisa, se
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