October 28, 1974
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/'3: THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE BULLETIN Volume LXXI No. 1844 October 28, 1974 SECRETARY KISSINGER'S NEWS CONFERENCE OF OCTOBER 7 565 ANNUAL MEETINGS OF IMF AND IBRD BOARDS OF GOVERNORS HELD AT WASHINGTON Welcoming Remarks by President Ford and Statement by Secretary of the Treasury Simon 57U COOPERATIVE ACTIONS TO SOLVE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL PROBLEMS Statement by Senator Charles H. Percy U.S. Representative to the U.N. General Assembly 589 -,it? » ih74 THE OFFICIAL WEEKLY RECORD OF UNITED STATES FOREIGN POLICY For index see inside back cover 1 iKie THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE B U L L E T 1 Vol. LXXI, No. 1844 October 28, 1974 The Department of State BULLETL a weekly publication issued by tl Office of Media Services, Bureau Public Affairs, provides tlie public at interested agencies of tfie governmei witfi information on developments tfie field of U.S. foreign relations ah tfpi on tfie work of tfie Department an tfie Foreign Service. Tfie BULLETIN includes select* press releases on foreign policy, issiu by tfie Wfiite House and tfie Depart ment, and statements, address^ and news conferences of tfie Presidei For sale by the Superintendent of Documents and tfie Secretary of State and otfit U.S. Government Printing Office officers of tlie Department, as well t Washington, D.C. 20402 special articles on various pfiases PRICE: international affairs and tfie function 52 issues plus semiannual indexes, of tlie Department. Information domestic $29.80, foreign $37.25 included concerning treaties intei Single copy 60 cents and national agreements to wliicli th Use of funds for printing this publication approved by the Director of the Office of United States is or may become Management and Budget (January 29, 1971). party and on treaties of general intei Note: Contents of this publication are not national interest. copyrighted and items contained herein may be Publications of tfie Department reprinted. Citation of the DEPARTMENT OF State, United Nations documents, an STATE BULLETIN as the source will be appreciated. The BULLETIN is indexed in legislative material in tfie field the Readers' Guide to Periodical Literature. international relations are also listet Secretary Kissinger's News Conference of October 7 Press release 395 of October 7 or dramatic announcements that can be ex- Secretary Kissinger: Before we go to ques- pected out of this trip. The primary purpose is to give concreteness to the negotiating tions, I would like to welcome 20 Polish journalists who are here to cover the visit process and perhaps to agree on some timing. talking the trip, I of Mr. Gierek [Edward Gierek, First Secre- As long as we are about tary of the Polish United Workers' Party]. would like to add that I will also visit Saudi Arabia in connection with the negotiations I would like to say that we attach great I will importance to this visit in further improving and on the way home stop in Algeria and Morocco. And I will be back on the our relationship with Poland. And I am sure what you will see here will remind you of 15th.' some of the deliberations in the Polish Diet of previous centuries. Peaceful and Military Nuclear Explosions Q. A tivo-part question, Mr. Secretary, on Q. Mr. Secretary, there have been pub- your trip. Will you he emphasizing an Israeli- lished reports this morning, sir, that the Egyptian settlemeyit, an Isr'aeli-Jordan set- agreement reached last slimmer, I believe, by tlement, or both? And do you plan, or are President Nixon with the Soviets to limit there any possibilities to meet with [Yasir] underground testing may be broadened to Arafat or any other Palestinian leader while include peaceful nuclear tests. Are these you are in the Middle East? stories accurate? Secretary Kissinger: With respect to the Secretary Kissinger: I am reaching the second question, there is no possibility that point now where before I read my cables I I will see Arafat or any other Palestinian read the newspapers, because they have a leader while I am in the Middle East. better selection. [Laughter.] As for the content of the negotiations, we This one is not correct in all respects. have attempted, in discussion with both There was an agreement at the time of the Israeli and Arab leaders, to determine what negotiation of the threshold test ban that the would be the most suitable next stage of threshold test ban would not be ratified un- the negotiations. less there was also an agreement for the It has always been understood that prog- handling of peaceful nuclear explosions. ress in one area would have to be linked with This had two aspects: peaceful nuclear progress in other areas. And therefore we explosions below the threshold and peaceful are talking about timing and the particular nuclear explosions above the threshold. "Be- stages that look most promising. low the threshold" presented no particular So I am not going with any fixed ideas, problem because explosions were permitted and I will discuss again with all of the anyway, and it was primarily an issue of the leaders involved. And then one can form a site at which the explosion would take place. common judgment. 'The Department had previously announced that I would like to point out that there will be Secretary Kissinger would visit Egypt, Syria, Jor- no concrete results in terms of agreements dan, and Israel Oct. 9-14. October 28, 1974 565 — "Above the threshold" required special nego- mittee on covert activities and clandestine tiations for the development of criteria to operations overseas? And isn't this compro- distinguish a peaceful explosion from a mili- mising to your role as Secretary of State and tary explosion and also to determine the the relatively open diplomacy of your other compatibility of the explosion with a limited hat? test ban. Secretary Kissinger: The 40 Committee, starting in These negotiations are now in one form or another, has existed since on Moscow, and the outcome will depend 1948. The Department of State has always how we can proceed with the ratification been represented on the 40 Committee. issue. But this has always been understood, The role of the 40 Committee is to review decision involved. What so there is no new covert operations in order to determine their the is involved is a clearer specification of compatibility with the national security and distinctions might be criteria by which these foreign policy objectives of the United established. States. It is not to operate the covert actions that It Q. Dr. Kissinger, if I may folloiv that tip. and not, for matter, to design them. When India exploded a peaceful nuclear de- is to give policy guidance and policy review. vice last May, I think the U.S. position was So, in one form or another, the Depart- that there was no distinction between a ment of State is a participant in the decision, peaceful device and a military one. The and the final approval is in every case given technology is the same. Is there now a dis- by the President in any event. tinction being drawn in this country? Measures To Deal With Oil Prices Secretary Kissinger: I think one has to make a distinction between countries that Q. Mr. Secretary, you have repeatedly said have not previously had access to nuclear that yoii do not desire confrontation with explosive technology and those countries that the oil producers. I would like to ask two have elaborated nuclear explosive technology. questions about that. If you do not want In the case of a new nuclear country, the confrontation, tvhy did you and the President mere fact of an explosion is of significance use such harsh rhetoric in addressing your- because that is what enters it into the club self to the problem, rhetoric that apparently of those who have set off nuclear explosions. you can't back 2ip with action? And, two, And therefore in the early stages of nuclear tvhy a ftdl year after the energy crisis really development, the distinction between mili- hit have you not made any serious moves to tary uses and civilian uses may be in the get together ivith the producers? mind of those that set off the explosion, but Secretary Kissinger: Do you want me to it is very difficult—in fact it is impossible agree with your conclusions, or can I state to establish a distinction. some of my own? [Laughter.] In the case of elaborated nuclear tech- First of all, the definition of "harsh rhet- nology, there are at least some cases in which oric" is of course quite a subjective one. The criteria can be defined by which the explo- President and I stated that we are dealing sion is either of a more rudimentary tech- with a very serious problem. If you look at nology than has already been tested for my statements on the subject, you will find military purposes or is of a nature that can that I used substantially the same rhetoric be clearly demonstrated as not useful for in my Pilgrims speech last December in military purposes. London, in the opening speech to the Wash- So the distinction can be made only in ington Energy Conference in February, in cases of advanced nuclear countries. It can- the speech to the U.N. special session of the not be made with respect to countries enter- General Assembly in April, and now again ing the nuclear club. in September. Q. Mr. Secretary, what is your rationale We have stated, and I repeat, that present for continuing as chairman on the JfO Com- oil prices are putting a strain on the world 566 Department of State Bulletin economy that will, over a period of time, motest connection with the Arab-Israeli create an intolerable situation.