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Using Web 2.0 to Enable a More Transparent and Connected Democracy

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Using Web 2.0 to Enable a More Transparent and Connected Democracy Using Web 2.0 to Enable a More Transparent and Connected Democracy Authors: Erik Buice Mark Youman Catherine Thomas Summary The Obama Administration is mandating the use of new and innovative technologies to improve transparency, public participation, and collaboration. The Web 2.0 toolbox is fully stocked with excellent tools to enable this approach to a more connected democracy. Tens of millions of Americans use these social media tools including blogs, wikis, video/photo sharing (e.g., YouTube, Flickr), Twitter, Facebook, MySpace, podcasts, and RSS feeds every day to connect with and participate in our society. Federal agencies are already tapping into the tremendous power of these tools to improve the transparency and accountability of government and increase the participation of American citizens. Real and perceived barriers to the use of Web 2.0 tools in the Federal Government are falling quickly. As each agency develops an approach to comply with the Open Government Directive, strategic plans for social media must align with their mission, vision, and overall strategic plans. The approach also should weigh the impact of increased public participation on agency resources. Current and emerging Web 2.0 tools are poised to create an unprecedented level of openness and effectiveness for the U.S. Government. What is Web 2.0? Web 2.0 is an approach to using the Internet, Web sites, and mobile devices in ways that dramatically increase the ability of Internet users to participate, share content, interact, and communicate. For government, Web 2.0 offers the opportunity to: Reach people beyond government Web sites by extending information to Web 2.0 tools and mobile devices. Engage constituents and stakeholders in ongoing real-time collaboration and exchange. Leverage limited IT funding by using lightweight, inexpensive Web 2.0 tools, as well as free information channels such as YouTube and Facebook. Web 2.0 Tool Description Use and Benefit Blogs Online commentary on a topic or point of view; serves Executive outreach or timely commentary on hot topics as a starting point for online dialogue with an from practitioners. audience. Wikipedia/ Online encyclopedia created, edited, and policed by Agencies can develop their own wikis to quickly create, Agency Wikis users. share, and revise information. Video Sharing Free video sharing service used for business and Take government content to the people where they (e.g., YouTube) education, as well as personal video. For young people, seek information. Save IT dollars by using free video increasingly a source of news and information. hosting service. Social “The new e-mail” for younger and technically savvy Reach out to networks of constituents on key topics by Networking people. Social networking sites provide means to engaging them via the tool they use to interact with (e.g., Facebook, connect and interact with friends and professional people and information. Very low cost. Also an MySpace) networks. important information and outreach space for emergency managers. Twitter Service for friends, families, and coworkers to Time-sensitive outreach to mobile devices. An communicate and stay connected through the important information and outreach space for exchange of quick, frequent notes over the Web and emergency managers. cell phones. Podcast/ Audio and/or video programs automatically distributed Push government content out beyond government Vodcast to subscribers’ portable devices such as MP3 players. Web sites to portable devices. Widget/Gadget Web application allowing a content provider to push Allow third party Web sites to more broadly small Web applications to third party Web sites. disseminate government information to target audiences by displaying small government Web applications on their Web sites. www.icfi.com/transition 1 ©2008 ICF International, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Web 2.0 Tool Description Use and Benefit Second Life/ Second Life is the best known of a new generation of Reach constituents in their virtual worlds by creating Virtual Worlds user-created virtual worlds; 6 million users have created “virtual government” spaces for outreach, education, its spaces, functions, and activities. Real currency is and training. exchanged for virtual goods. Each user has an “avatar” to represent him- or herself in virtual interactions. RSS Feed “News feed” format used to publish frequently Push government content out to other Web sites, cell updated news, information, and multimedia content. phones, and media devices. Implementation and Impact of Web 2.0 in the Federal Government Web 2.0 tools are inexpensive, yet cutting edge technologies that are already showing the potential to open up government to its citizens. As individual tools or used in combination, Web 2.0 technologies enable transparency, accountability, and most of all, increased participation for Americans. Web 2.0 technology costs are minimal as the infrastructure is largely in place. Instead of focusing on implementation costs, Federal agencies must focus on the cost and effort involved in supporting the ongoing interactions with the public, which are enabled by social media. The current application and impact of some of these tools in the Federal Government today best illustrate the benefits of Web 2.0 tools: Video Sharing. The U.S. Air Force has effectively used YouTube as a public outreach and recruiting tool through its dedicated channel called “BlueTube.” Through BlueTube, the Air Force has posted 100 videos with more than 30,000 collective viewings. Worldwide, YouTube streams more than 100 million videos per day with 65,000 more new videos added daily. YouTube is a dominant channel for driving content to the public—in fact, even Pope Benedict XVI has created a YouTube channel.i RSS Feeds. USA.gov maintains an online libraryii of dozens of U.S. Government RSS Feeds that frequently publish updated content. Examples include weather warnings, watches, and advisories; earthquakes; food and product recalls; FEMA news; health-related information; press briefings from the Department of State; and many others. Wikis. Wikipedia.org is the preeminent example of the power of user-managed content. Americans often turn to Wikipedia even for questions related to Federal Government. The number of Federal organizations using wikis for collaboration and knowledge sharing grows every day. The Bureaupedia, for example, is an internal Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) wiki used for collaboration on lessons learned and best practices. Similarly, the State Department used Diplopedia as an internal wiki to collaborate about non-classified diplomacy and international relations issues. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) uses wikis for collaboration among scientists across disciplines and various geographies. The US intelligence community shares information across agencies using a secure collection of wikis known as Intellipedia. www.icfi.com/transition 2 ©2008 ICF International, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Widgets and Gadgets. Many agencies use widgets to increase Tying It All Together awareness and bring content directly AIDS.gov successfully combines a broad to citizens. Examples include the range of social media tools including RSS Census Population Clock and the feeds, podcasts, blogs, pages on MySpace NOAA weather center widget (left). and Facebook, Twitter, Flickr, gadgets, Widgets can also be helpful in quick wikis, and a dedicated YouTube channel. response situations. For example, the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) supported the development of a cross-government widget (with links to the Department of Homeland Security, HHS, and others) as part of the Federal response to Hurricanes Gustav and Ike. Many state and local emergency sites, and more than 70 local news station Web sites added the widget within two weeks. Blogs. Dozens of Federal programs offer public-facing blogs to facilitate ongoing public discussion. These online journals serve to put a human face on otherwise formal government interactions. GovGab, for example, offers seven government bloggers that share practical and useful tips with citizens on a wide array of topics including saving gas, managing your credit record, and securing proper childcare. TSA’s Evolution of Security blog is a forum for outreach and dialogue with the public on transportation security. The AIDS.gov blog provides specific information on the use of social media to support the HIV/AIDS community. Facebook/Social Networking. Social networking sites such as Facebook are a means to connect with people, content, and virtual groups. Federal agencies can use Facebook to engage communities of interest around key topics; for example, AIDS.gov uses a Facebook page to connect with HIV/AIDS service providers and their programs. Emergency responders can use Facebook, Twitter, and other tools to engage with students and other populations in emergency situations. Virtual Reality. Second Life is the best known user-driven virtual world with over 15 million accounts and upwards of 40,000 “residents” logged in at any given time. NASA, the Department of Energy, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have all purchased “islands” on Second Life to provide virtual education or conference centers where residents from all over the world can learn about a variety of issues. NASA also has supported a virtual rendering of the International Space Station complete with all current components built to scale. DOE hosted
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