DOCSLIB.ORG

Boom Or Bubble

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Boom Or Bubble 1-15 MARCH, 2015 DownToEarthSCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENT FORTNIGHTLY Subscriber copy, not for resale `45.00 Boom or bubble Biotechnology industry is growing like never before. Can the sector maintain its bull run? Bangladesh: Taka 58.00 / Pakistan: Rs 58.00 / Nepal: Rs 38.00 / Sri Lanka: Rs 117.00 / Maldives: Rf 28.00 Bhutan: Ngultrum 24 / Rest of the World (South): US $2.70 / Rest of the World (North): US $3.40 (North): World US $2.70 / Rest of the (South): World Ngultrum 24 / Rest of the Rf 28.00 Bhutan: Rs 117.00 / Maldives: Rs 38.00 / Sri Lanka: Rs 58.00 / Nepal: 58.00 / Pakistan: Taka Bangladesh: 01Cover.indd 7 23/02/15 4:34 PM Certificate Course on the Policies, Politics and Practices of Environmental AGENDA FOR SURVIVAL Management in India, New Delhi, June 1 - 30, 2015 This interdisciplinary month- COURSE ASSIGNMENT long summer certificate course UNEARTH (online) allows Indian participants to http://bit.ly/1AWxoby understand and critically evaluate issues that lie at the UNEARTH (print) interface of environment & http://bit.ly/1xaucM9 development, poverty, Report, write, edit, design and democracy, equity & justice. learn hands-on to produce your COURSE MODULES own magazine. ■ State of India’s Environment FOR DETAILS ■ Poverty & Biomass Economy http://www.cseindia.org/node/1701 ■ Ecological rights & natural resource management ELIGIBILITY ■ Land and its use: Agriculture, Open to 25 young professionals food security and college students from any ■ Conservation & conflict: stream from India. Wildlife management debate ■ Urban growth challenges: FEE Water & waste management, `26,000/– this covers cost of the air pollution & mobility course, food and stay (shared ■ Sustainable industrialization & accommodation). public health concerns ■ Climate change & global KAMLA CHOWDHRY environmental governance FELLOWSHIPS Will be awarded to a few LEARNING MODE selected candidates to support Classroom lectures, case study their stay in Delhi. presentation, discussions, and lot more. Interrogate policy makers HOW TO APPLY and activists. Hear leading Candidates are required to send academics, policy pundits, lawyers, their latest CV/resume with a short grassroots activists and members covering note to the email of CSE's research and advocacy addresses given below teams speak. SPECIAL OFFER E-MAIL Several field trips include a FOR STUDENTS Sharmila Sinha week-long trip to explore commu- FROM NON [email protected]/ nity-led eco-restoration efforts in METRO CITIES [email protected] march15, 2015 march15, rural India and within Delhi. MEDIUM OF INSTRUCTION LAST DATE English 30th March 2015 Kothi village, Manali in Himachal Pradesh, 7700 feet above sea level Down To Earth Down To CENTRE FOR SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENT Anil Agarwal Environment 41, Tughlakabad Institutional Area, New Delhi-110 062 Training Institute (AAETI) Mobile: +91 9818482018 the training and education hub of CSE Ph: 91-11 40616000 (Ext: 219); Fax: 91-11-29955879 Website: www.cseindia.org; E-mail: [email protected] / [email protected] IFC EDITOR’S PAGE WALK THE TALK ON CARBON TAX, MR FINANCE MINISTER UDGET 2015, presented by Finance Minister Arun to maintain this “carbon tax”, even when the price of petrol and diesel Jaitley, has a first. In it, India has accepted that it has increases in the international market. But it is also a fact that the a de-facto carbon tax—on petroleum products and price of these fuels is lower today and as far as the consumer is con- dirty coal. Arguably, the only big green initiative of this cerned, the signal to change consumption is weak and inadequate. budget is the increase of cess on coal—from `100 per Therefore, not only does the government require to tax these Btonne to `200 per tonne. But the question is: is this carbon tax, polluting fuels, it also requires to use the tax funds and much more imposed on the carbon content of fuel, doing what it should—reduce to provide infrastructure to wean us away from cars or using roads greenhouse gas emissions that are responsible for climate change? to transport goods. What is bad is budget 2015 is doing the re- In other words, is there a design behind the carbon tax to ensure we verse. It says it will set aside `4 per litre of the excise duty on petrol move beyond polluting fossil fuels? and diesel for a dedicated road cess. This tunnel The budget followsfrom the Economic vision of viewing infrastructure for transport as Survey, which states that high price on diesel and just “roads” is regressive. Instead, what is needed petrol are important price signals to limit con- is to reinvent mobility so that it moves goods and sumption and, hence, CO2 emissions. In 2014, people, and not vehicles. The fact is that budget taking advantage of the global fall in fuel pric- 2015 has recognised that this excise duty is a car- es, subsidy or under-recovery has gone and the bon tax, which is putting a price on each tonne of government has increased excise duty on both CO2 emitted. Now this tax must be used to help petrol and diesel. So even though fuel is cheap- shift to less carbon-intensive ways of production. er, the tax component is higher. The Economic We also know that the health costs of air Survey estimates that based on emission fac- pollution are very high. Budget 2015 does little tors, currently, India imposes an implicit carbon to address this concern. It does not say that the tax of US $140 per tonne of CO2 on petrol and excise duty collected on dirty fuel will be used to US $64 on diesel. This is substantial. upgrade refinery technology so that we can get The Economic Surveyalso estimates that clean fuel and breathe easy. It is also a fact that the cess of `100 per tonne of coal is equivalent to a carbon tax of even though the government is no longer subsidising diesel, its price US $1 per tonne of CO2. It argues that this cess should be increased remains lower than that of petrol, mainly because of differential so that it can lead to CO2 reduction and also better reflect the health levels of taxation. So, even though there has been a decline in the cost of emissions from coal-fired power plants. It calculates that a number of diesel private cars being sold, it is not enough to make a three-fold increase from the current rate would lead to an annu- dent in pollution levels. Therefore, what is needed is to tax diesel ve- al CO2 emission reduction of 129 million tonnes—this is equal to hicles to equalise the price differential. seven per cent of India’s current emissions. A five-fold increase in This is also the case with coal cess. The government now aims to the cess would equalise price of domestic coal with international and use this cess to clean the Ganga or build toilets. All this is important would contribute to annual CO2 emission reduction of 214 million but takes us away from the objective of moving away from using pol- tonnes, which is 11 per cent of India’s annual emissions. luting fuels or cleaning emissions from thermal power. In budget 2015, the finance minister has opted to take the What is needed is to walk the talk. Not just talk the talk. slow road and has doubled the cess on coal to balance the need to tax pollution and the price of power in his words. He also mentions that India’s de-facto carbon tax on most petroleum products compares with international norms. But is this tax an adequate signal to bring about change? Let’s take petrol and diesel. The fact is that the government has increased the tax on fuel because it is convenient. It will be important 1-15 MARCH 2015 www.downtoearth.org.in 3 03Editors.indd 3 02/03/15 12:59 PM Down To Earth ON THE WEB SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENT FORTNIGHTLY WHAT'S HOT FOUNDER EDITOR Anil Agarwal EDITOR AND PUBLISHER Sunita Narain SPECIAL COVERAGE MANAGING EDITOR Richard Mahapatra ASSOCIATE EDITORS Union Budget Vibha Varshney, Kaushik Das Gupta, Archana Yadav, Aruna P Sharma 2015-16 MULTIMEDIA EDITOR Arnab Pratim Dutta The first full-fledged CREATIVE DIRECTOR Ajit Bajaj budget of the Narendra GRAPHIC EDITOR Sorit Gupto Modi government has REPORTING TEAM come after promises of a Kumar Sambhav Shrivastava, "transformational" policy Suchitra M, Aparna Pallavi, Anupam document. A CSE-DTE virtual Chakravartty, Alok Kumar Gupta, Jitendra Choubey, Kundan Pandey, Jyotsna Singh roundtable along with experts in the field analyses COPY DESK Snigdha Das, Rajat Ghai, Jemima Rohekar, what the budget has to offer Aditya Misra, Vani Manocha, Rajit Sengupta, for inclusive growth and Moushumi Sharma sustainable development. DESIGN TEAM Chaitanya Chandan, Shri Krishan, Raj Kumar Singh, Tarique Aziz SPECIAL FEATURE BLOG PHOTOGRAPHER Vikas Choudhary PHOTO LIBRARY Anil Kumar 67 years of budget-making Unlike Delhi, WEB TEAM Turkey's largest city Rajendra Rawat, Jaidev Sharma Istanbul has been PRODUCTION designed for people, Rakesh Shrivastava, Gundhar Das not cars, says Anupam INFORMATION AND RESEARCH ASSISTANCE Srivastava Kiran Pandey www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in team POPULAR CONSULTING EDITORS Chandra Bhushan, Anumita Roychowdhury On web vol 23, no 20; Total No of pages 60 Biggest solar plant in Editorial, subscriptions and advertisements: Society for Environmental Communications, Northeast begins power 41, Tughlakabad Institutional Area, Down To Earth explores of many policy makers, generation New Delhi 110 062, Phone: 91-11- 29955124, how India's biggest ranging from measures 29956110, 29956394, 29956399 Fax: 91-11-29955879. financial policy document to enhance foodgrain On Facebook Email: [email protected] has evolved over the years. production and industrial © 2005 Society for Environmental Communications.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Cosmetic News Weekly
    COSMETIC NEWS WEEKLY No 604 / June 16 2014 www.cosmeticsbusiness.com Crowdfunding to bring in business rowdfunding company Kickstarter the Swiss Alps, which would also appeal to INSIDE THIS ISSUE this month changed its rules to many. The product is now in production. Callow bath and beauty products UK hair care brand Concoction is also BUSINESS and a range of other projects to access its using Indiegogo to crowdfund for further Givaudan has put the finishing platform. While other crowdfunders have development, while beauty and jewellery touches to buying up Soliance long been open to cosmetics, Kickstarter startup Obo kicked off on the site in May to page 3 remained a hard one to access. And raise funds for its fragrance business. So far though it has opened the door for many, it has raised over u20,000. ASIA FOCUS for some, it may still be restricted. Kickstarter has developed a Creator Kosé outlines its approach to Among the projects still prohibited are: Handbook to help startups avoid the its growing business in China “Any item claiming to cure, treat, or prevent pitfalls that cause businesses to fail. It page 4 an illness or condition (whether via a includes a number of tips for creating a device, app, book, nutritional supplement, successful campaign. They include having a INTERVIEW or other means).” Whether this will exclude, realistic budget for the project on the Mark Buxton, perfumer, for example, skin care products that claim campaign page – the minimum amount Nose / Mark Buxton Perfumes to treat dry skin, ageing and other needed to complete the project and fulfill page 5 conditions remains to be seen.
    [Show full text]
  • Aqueous Extraction of Oil Bodies and Proteins from Tomato Processing Residues
    BIOBASED CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY BIOBASED CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY MSc Thesis Biobased Chemistry and Technology MSc Thesis Biobased Chemistry and Technology AQUEOUS EXTRACTION OF OIL BODIES AND PROTEINS FROM TOMATO PROCESSING RESIDUES MIRKA KATHARINA SCHARF MIRKA SCHARF MAY 2018 OTHER INFO 12 PTDATE (16 PT) AQUEOUS EXTRACTION OF OIL BODIES AND PROTEINS FROM TOMATO PROCESSING RESIDUES An Assessment of Parameters and Characterization of the resulting Oil Body Cream Name course : MSc Thesis Biobased Chemistry and Technology Number : BCT-80436 Study load : 36 ECTS Date : September 2017 – May 2018 Student : Mirka Katharina Scharf Registration number : 940312731020 Study programme : MBT Report number : 090BCT Supervisor(s) : Costas Nikiforidis Examiners : Elinor Scott Group : Biobased Chemistry and Technology Address : Bornse Weilanden 9 6708 WG Wageningen The Netherlands ABSTRACT Processing of tomatoes into products such as sauce, puree or ketchup creates a waste stream of tomato seeds and peels with an estimated volume of 1.63 Mt annually. Lack of suitable and scalable extraction methods hamper valorization of its components to-date. The potential of a mild aqueous extraction to obtain high-quality oil bodies and proteins from tomato processing residues is investigated. A set of extraction parameters (particle size, pH, solid:liquid ratio, salt concentration) was tested. Oil bodies could be purified from tomato seeds as a cream that contained 23.93±4.87% moisture, 61.01±0.97% oil and 0.82±0.14% protein but showed little stability when being stored at room temperature. An additional washing step did not increase the oil content (20.49±1.87% moisture, 50.63±3.48% oil and 0.29±0.07% protein) but resulted in improved stability that was attributed to a change in pH and less enzymatic activity.
    [Show full text]
  • 1.2 Food Processing Wastes and By-Products for Industrial Applications
    k Food Processing By-Products and their Utilization k k k k k k k k Food Processing By-Products and their Utilization Edited by k k Anil Kumar Anal Asian Institute of Technology, Thailand k k This edition first published 2018 © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons Ltd All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by law. Advice on how to obtain permission to reuse material from this title is available at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions. The right of Anil Kumar Anal to be identified as the author of the editorial material in this work has been asserted in accordance with law. Registered Offices John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK Editorial Office The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK For details of our global editorial offices, customer services, and more information about Wiley products visit usat www.wiley.com. Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats and by print-on-demand. Some content that appears in standard print versions of this book may not be available in other formats. Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty The publisher and the authors make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this work and specifically disclaim all warranties, including without limitation any implied warranties of fitness for a particular purpose.
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluation of Physicochemical Properties of Iranian Tomato Seed
    ition & F tr oo u d N f S o c l i e a n n c Fahimdanesh and Bahrami, J Nutr Food Sci 2013, 3:3 r e u s o J Journal of Nutrition & Food Sciences DOI: 10.4172/2155-9600.1000206 ISSN: 2155-9600 Research Article Open Access Evaluation of Physicochemical Properties of Iranian Tomato Seed Oil Maryam Fahimdanesh1* and Mohammad Erfan Bahrami2 1Department of Food Science and Technology, Shahr-e-Qhods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 2M. Sc. Student of Food Science and Technology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran Abstract The major components of tomato processing industry wastes are seed that is not edible. The physicochemical properties and chemical composition of oil from tomato seed were studied by established methods. The oil yield of tomato seeds is about 35% on a dry weight basis. This vegetable oil has low sulphur (0.04 wt%), low ash content (0.034%), and high viscosity (51.5 mPa.s at 50°C). The fatty acid profile of tomato seed oil shows that there is a predominance of compounds containing an even number of carbon atoms, especially C16 and C18. The total saturated and unsaturated fatty acid composition is 18.28% and 81.72%, respectively, and the most abundant fatty acid is linoleic acid (56.12%). This study indicates that tomato seed wastes are a potential source of edible oil. Keywords: Tomato seed oil; Physicochemical characteristics; Fatty Purified oil was calculated on a dry weight basis and stored in sealed acid composition; Total oil yield bottles under refrigeration (0-4°C) for further processing and analysis.
    [Show full text]
  • AGRICULTURE SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY Standard XI
    The Coordination Committee formed by GR No. Abhyas - 2116/(Pra.Kra.43/16) SD - 4 Dated 25.4.2016 has given approval to prescribe this textbook in its meeting held on 20.6.2019 and it has been decided to implement it from academic year 2019-20. AGRICULTURE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Standard XI Download DIKSHA App on your smartphone. If you scan the Q.R. Code on this page of your textbook, you will be able to access full text. If you scan the Q.R. Code provided, you will be able to access audio-visual study material relevant to each lesson, provided as teaching and learning aids. 2019 Maharashtra State Bureau of Textbook Production and Curriculum Research, Pune. First Edition : © Maharashtra State Bureau of Textbook Production and Curriculum Research, Pune - 411 004. 2019 The Maharashtra State Bureau of Textbook Production and Curriculum Reprint : 2021 Research reserves all rights relating to the book. No part of this book should be reproduced without the written permission of the Director, Maharashtra State Bureau of Textbook Production and Curriculum Research, ‘Balbharati’, Senapati Bapat Marg, Pune 411004. Coordinator : Subject Committee: Shri. Rajiv Arun Patole Dr. Chandrashekhar V. Murumkar, (Chairman) Special Officer (Agriculture Science and Technology ) Shri. Raut Sanjay Tukaram (Convener - Writing Committee) Dr. Naikare Shriram Maruti Illustrations and cover Dr. Rawankar Haridas Namdeorao Shri Vivekanand S. Patil Dr. Patil Rajeev Anandrao Shri. Beldar Dilip Raghunath Typesetting : Shri. Paranjape Shriram Pandharinath DTP Section, Textbook Bureau, Shri. Chavan Balasaheb Hindurao. Pune Shri. Utkhede Deepak Shriramji Shri. Tondare Shivdas Vishwanath Paper : Shri. Padwal Vikram Vamanrao 70 GSM Creamwove Shri.
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluation of the Bioactive Compounds Found in Tomato Seed Oil and Tomato Peels Influenced by Industrial Heat Treatments
    foods Article Evaluation of the Bioactive Compounds Found in Tomato Seed Oil and Tomato Peels Influenced by Industrial Heat Treatments Katalin Szabo 1 , Francisc Vasile Dulf 2,* , Bernadette-Em˝okeTeleky 1 , Panagiota Eleni 3, Christos Boukouvalas 3, Magdalini Krokida 3, Nikolas Kapsalis 4, Alexandru Vasile Rusu 5, Claudia Terezia Socol 6 and Dan Cristian Vodnar 1,7,* 1 Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Manastur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; [email protected] (K.S.); [email protected] (B.-E.T.) 2 Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Environmental and Plant Protection, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Manastur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania 3 Laboratory of Process Analysis and Design, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Polytechneiou 9, Zografou Campus, 15780 Athens, Greece; [email protected] (P.E.); [email protected] (C.B.); [email protected] (M.K.) 4 Greek Canning Company S.A. “KYKNOS”, Tomato Factory, 72o klm Old National Road Patra-Pyrgos, 27200 Savalia Ilias, Greece; [email protected] 5 Biozoon Food Innovations GmbH, Nansenstrasse 8, 27572 Bremerhaven, Germany; [email protected] 6 CENCIRA Agrofood Research and Innovation Centre, Ion Mes, ter 6, 400650 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; [email protected] 7 Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Manastur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania * Correspondence: [email protected] (F.V.D.); [email protected] (D.C.V.); Tel.: +40-747341881 (F.V.D.) Citation: Szabo, K.; Dulf, F.V.; Teleky, B.-E.; Eleni, P.; Boukouvalas, C.; Abstract: The circular economy action plan involves principles related to food waste reduction and Krokida, M.; Kapsalis, N.; Rusu, A.V.; integration of recovered nutrients to the market.
    [Show full text]
  • Biodiesel Production from Tomato Seed and Its Engine Emission Test and Simulation Using Artificial Neural Network
    Journal of Oil, Gas and Petrochemical Technology Vol. 1, No. 1 , pp. 41 - 6 2 41 Biodiesel production from tomato seed and its engine emission test and simulation using Artificial Neural Network R. Karami 1, 2, S. Kamgar 1 .* , S.H. Karparvarfard 1 , M.G. Rasul 2 , M.M.K. Khan 2 1 School of Bio System Engineering, Shiraz University, Shira z, Iran 2 School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Queensland 4702, Australia ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: In this study, tomato seed oil was used to produce Received: November 13, 2018 Biodiesel fuel. To reduce the percentage of free Accepted: December 26 , 2018 fatty acids, the oil was reacted at a temperature of 40, 50, and 60°C w ith a mixture of sulphuric acid and the industrial methanol with different molar Keywords : ratios of oil. The best conversion efficiency was Biodiesel achieved at 60°C and a molar ratio of 1:9. In the Tomato transesterification step, biodiesel was produced Emission using a mixture of potassi um hydroxide reactivity. Simulation Then , functional characteristics and pollutant gases of ordinary diesel fuel and mixtures of * Saadat Kamgar biodiesel at different speeds and loads were E - mail: [email protected] measured and compared. The tests were carried Tel.: +98 917 3161182 out in a 9 - kV direct injection (DI) diesel engi ne. The results of analysis of variance by SPSS software showed that there was a significant difference in the level of R< 0 .01 between the production of pollutants such as NOx, CO, HC, and other fume gases like CO 2 and O 2 at different speeds and loads.
    [Show full text]
  • Antioxidant and Free Radical Scavenging Properties of Tomato Seed Wastes and Potential Use As a Functional Food
    ABSTRACT Title of Thesis: ANTIOXIDANT AND FREE RADICAL SCAVENGING PROPERTIES OF TOMATO SEED WASTES AND POTENTIAL USE AS A FUNCTIONAL FOOD Elena Bailoni, Master of Science 2020 Thesis Directed By: Dr. Liangli Yu, Department of Nutrition and Food Science Tomato seeds are a major waste product of the tomato processing industry. To find a use for tomato seeds, two products made from the seeds, tomato seed flour and tomato seed oil, were investigated for their health beneficial properties. Tomato seed flour showed total phenolic and radical scavenging assay values similar to other healthful foods thought to be beneficial for human health. It also contained specific chemical compounds that are known to be beneficial for reducing the risk of chronic diseases. Tomato seed flour was added to ketchup to determine how it performed in food system. Tomato seed flour did not significantly affect most of the physical properties of ketchup and may be an effective functional food additive. The tomato seed flour did show potential as a thickener. The use of tomato seed flour in food systems may be beneficial to businesses, the environment, and for human health. ANTIOXDIANT AND FREE RADICAL SCAVENGING PROPERTIES OF TOMATO SEED WASTES AND POTENTIAL USE AS A FUNCTIONAL FOOD by Elena Bailoni Thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Maryland, College Park, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science 2020 Advisory Committee: Professor, Dr. Liangli Yu, Chair Dr. Hee-Jung Song Dr. Monica Whent Acknowledgements Working on this project has been one of the most challenging and rewarding processes of my life.
    [Show full text]
  • 101St AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo
    101st AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo May 16–19, 2010 PHOENIX CONVENTION CENTER Phoenix, Arizona, USA Program A Global Business and Scientifi c Forum on Fats, Oils, Surfactants, Lipids, and Related Materials Food & Feed Oils & Fats Animal Feed Chemicals for Life Oleochemicals Detergents, Surfactants & Chemicals Soap Biofuels Biodiesel Bioethanol Biomass www.desmetballestra.com Next Generation Technology Global Partners Next Generation Technologies Chemithon International Show You the “Green” Pte. Ltd., Singapore Asia, Africa, Middle East After more than 50 years of industry leadership worldwide and over 300 U.S. and corresponding international patents to prove it, Chemithon continues Chemithon Engineers to meet the demand for Green Chemistry head-on. From feedstocks to final Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai product, we offer vast expertise in processing renewable feedstocks, setting South and Southeast Asia the lowest emission standards and efficiently reducing effluent streams, all with a unique emphasis on innovation. Chemithon Beijing Asia Pacific IIT Srl, Busto Arsizio, Italy Europe, Middle East, North Africa Mitsui Plant Systems Tokyo Chemithon sulfonation technologies take “Best in Class” at Concours d’Sulfonation! Our MES plants currently produce more than 100,000MT/yr. of a pure white flake with an unmatched 21:1 active/disalt ratio. The largest capacity in the world. And by far the best quality. We also offer upstream processes for Fractionation/Distillation, Hydrogenation, Alkoxylation and Ethoxylation Plants. Call and let us give you the facts that establish our pre-eminent technologi- cal position. Ask about our infrastructure changes as well, as we continue to expand Global Support, Procurement and Construction services worldwide. And find out how Chemithon can add the “Green” to your bottom line.
    [Show full text]
  • Food Technology-I
    FOOD TECHNOLOGY-I A. K. Singh P. N. Raju & A. Jana FOOD TECHNOLOGY-I Course Developers A. K. Singh & P. N. Raju Dairy Technology Division NDRI, Karnal A. Jana Dairy Technology Department Anand Agricultural University, Anand Editor Index Lesson Lesson Name Page No No Module 1: Status of food processing industry and future prospects 1 Introduction to food processing in India 1-7 2 Status of food processing industry abroad 8-10 3 Magnitude and interdependence of dairy and food industry – I 11-16 4 Magnitude and interdependence of dairy and food industry – II 17-19 5 Recent developments and future growth in the food industry 20-25 Module 2: Post-harvest management of fruits and vegetables 6 Harvesting, transportation and storage of fruits and vegetables 26-31 7 Post-harvest processing – I 32-34 8 Post-harvest processing – II 35-38 Module 3: Processing of fruits and vegetables 9 Canning and other methods of thermal processing 39-45 10 Freezing: Principle, methods and applications 46-49 11 Drying: Principle, methods and applications 50-60 Module 4: Fruits and vegetables juice processing 12 General steps in juice processing 61-67 13 Equipment and methods of extraction, clarification and preservation 1 68-75 14 Processing of selected fruit juices – I 76-81 15 Processing of selected fruit juices – II 82-89 16 Concentration and drying of fruit juices 90-96 Module 5: Jam, jelly, marmalade, and glazed and crystallized fruits 17 Role of sugar and other ingredients in fruit preservation 97-105 18 Jam, Jelly and Marmalade 106-113 19 Fruit preserves 114-116
    [Show full text]
  • LYCOPENE EXTRACT from TOMATO Chemical and Technical Assessment (CTA)
    LYCOPENE EXTRACT FROM TOMATO Chemical and Technical Assessment (CTA) Prepared by Susanne Rath, Ph.D., and reviewed by Zofia Olempska-Beer, Ph.D, and Paul M. Kuznesof, Ph.D. 1. Summary Lycopene extract from tomato is a lycopene-rich extract prepared from the ripe fruits of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.). The product is manufactured by crushing tomatoes, to produce crude tomato juice that is then separated into serum and pulp. The pulp is subsequently extracted using ethyl acetate as a solvent. The final extract consists of tomato oil in which lycopene together with a number of other constituents that occur naturally in tomato, are dissolved and dispersed. These constituents include fatty acids and acylglycerols, unsaponifiable matter, water soluble matter, phosphorous compounds, and phospholipids. The major colouring principle in tomato extract is all-trans-lycopene, however, minor amounts of cis-isomers and other carotenoids and related substances including β-carotene, phytofluene, phytoene and tocopherols are also present. The intended use of lycopene extract from tomato is as a food colour in dairy products, non-alcoholic flavoured drinks, cereal and cereal products, bread and baked goods and spreads, to provide colour shades from yellow to red. Lycopene extract from tomato may also be used in food supplements. The use levels of the extract, expressed as lycopene added to food, may vary from 2 mg/l in bottled water to 130 mg/kg in ready-to-eat cereals. Lycopene in the extract was shown to be stable when stored at room temperature and at 4°C for up to 37 months. When used as a food colour, lycopene remained stable in the food matrix under appropriate storage conditions.
    [Show full text]
  • Comparison of Physicochemical Characteristics and Composition of Bergamot Oil Seed Extracted from Three Different Cultivars
    Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture. 2017. 29(6): 470-475 doi: 10.9755/ejfa.2017-01-240 http://www.ejfa.me/ REGULAR ARTICLE Comparison of physicochemical characteristics and composition of bergamot oil seed extracted from three different cultivars Vincenzo Sicari*, Francesco Messina, Teresa M. Pellicanò Department of AGRARIA, University of Reggio Calabria, Salita Melissari 89124 Reggio Calabria (Italy) ABSTRACT The influence of cultivar on the composition of bergamot seed oil from three cultivars (Castagnaro, Femminello and Fantastico) grown in province of Reggio Calabria (Southern Italy) was investigated. The maximum oil yield was 35.01 g /100 g in Castagnaro cultivar. The acidity values of the oil varied between 0.62 and 0.87 mg NaOH per g of oil, and peroxide values varied between 11.67 meq/kg and 14.30 meq/kg. Oleic acid was the principle fatty acid found in the extracted oils (31% to 34%), followed by linoleic (27% to 30%) and palmitic (21% to 23%). Other acids were found in smaller quantities, for example stearic, arachidic and linolenic. β-sitosterol was the principle sterol that made up over 70% of total sterols. Other sterols, campesterol, stigmasterol, ∆5-avenasterol, cholesterol and 2,4-methylencolesterol were detected in the majority of the oils. The results of this study showed that the bergamot seeds and the extracted oils have the potential of being used as a source of edible oil. Keywords: Citrus bergamia; Seeds; Oil composition; Fatty acid; Sterol INTRODUCTION The differences between the various types of vegetable oils mainly concerns the fatty acid composition. Most All plant seeds contain an oily component to a varying vegetable oils contain mainly mono and polyunsaturated percentage, however, only a few of these are industrially fats and are low in saturated fat.
    [Show full text]