DOCSLIB.ORG

Hymenoptera: Apidae: Emphorini) Revista De La Sociedad Entomológica Argentina, Vol

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Hymenoptera: Apidae: Emphorini) Revista De La Sociedad Entomológica Argentina, Vol Revista de la Sociedad Entomológica Argentina ISSN: 0373-5680 [email protected] Sociedad Entomológica Argentina Argentina ROIG ALSINA, Arturo A review of the albidohirta group of Ptilothrix (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Emphorini) Revista de la Sociedad Entomológica Argentina, vol. 66, núm. 3-4, 2007, pp. 113-119 Sociedad Entomológica Argentina Buenos Aires, Argentina Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=322028491014 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative ISSN 0373-5680 Rev. Soc. Entomol. Argent. 66 (3-4): 113-119, 2007 113 A review of the albidohirta group of Ptilothrix (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Emphorini) ROIG ALSINA, Arturo Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales «Bernardino Rivadavia,» Av. Angel Gallardo 470, 1405 Buenos Aires, Argentina; e-mail: [email protected] Revisión del grupo albidohirta de Ptilothrix (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Emphorini) RESUMEN. El grupo albidohirta de Ptilothrix Smith incluye tres especies: Ptilothrix albidohirta Brèthes, P. concolor sp. nov. y P. nemoralis sp. nov. Este grupo se conoce del oeste y norte de la Argentina y del centro de Bolivia. Una de sus especies, P. albidohirta, llega hasta los 3.600 m s.n.m. en la cordillera de los Andes, en tanto que las otras dos especies habitan en el llano. Se caracteriza el grupo y se describen e ilustran las especies. PALABRAS CLAVE. Abejas. Emphorini. Argentina. Bolivia. ABSTRACT. The albidohirta group of Ptilothrix Smith includes three species: Ptilothrix albidohirta Brèthes, P. concolor sp. nov., and P. nemoralis sp. nov. The group is known from northern and western Argentina and from central Bolivia. One of its species, P. albidohirta, reaches high altitudes in the Andes mountains, up to 3600 m a.s.l., while the other two species occur in the lowlands. A characterization of the group, descriptions of the species, and illustrations are provided. KEY WORDS. Bees. Emphorini. Argentina. Bolivia. INTRODUCTION occurs in temperate South America, but the number of species is difficult to assess, since The genus Ptilothrix Smith is a member of Ptilothrix has not been reviewed to date. the Emphorini, a tribe of bees restricted to Species of Ptilothrix are solitary, the Western Hemisphere (Michener, 2000). burrowing bees. Many species are The tribe comprises ten genera (Roig-Alsina, oligolectic, and have been associated with 1999), six of which are restricted to South plants mainly of the families Malvaceae, America, two are broadly distributed Onagraceae, Convolvulaceae, and throughout the continent, and two (Diadasia Cactaceae (Linsley et al., 1956; Rust, 1980; Patton and Ptilothrix Smith) have numerous Hazeldine, 1997). species in North and South America, but are According to Roig-Alsina (1994) and Sipes scarce or not represented in Central America. & Tepedino (2005), Ptilothrix shares derived The species of Ptilothrix occur from north- features with Diadasina Moure and central eastern U.S.A. to the state of Morelos Alepidosceles Moure, suggesting that these in Mexico (Michener et al., 1994), and from three genera are closely related. Ptilothrix is northern Brazil to northern Patagonia in distinguished, among other emphorines, by Argentina. The largest diversity of the genus a suite of characters that includes the lack of Recibido: 19-IV-2007; aceptado: 28-VIII-2007 114 Rev. Soc. Entomol. Argent. 66 (3-4): 113-119, 2007 arolia, the elongate first flagellomere, the MATERIAL AND METHODS bowed, elevated upper margin of the clypeus coupled with a short proboscis, the reduced Terminology for structures follows apical projection of the female hind Michener (1944, 2000), except that basitarsus, and the type of scopal hairs on metapostnotum is used instead of propodeal the outer surface of the hind tibia, which have triangle (Brothers, 1976). The maximum the branches not retrorse, but arising at acute diameter of the median ocellus (MOD) is used angles to the axes of the hairs and directed as a reference to express the length of the apicad. pubescence and other structures. In the The present contribution deals with a descriptions, the metasomal terga (T) and small group of species restricted to northern sterna (S) are identified with Arabic numerals. Argentina and Bolivia. Although the three Specimens studied are deposited in the species included in the group are following institutions: Museo Argentino de morphologically homogeneous, they are Ciencias Naturales «Bernardino Rivadavia,» strikingly different in their color pattern and Buenos Aires (MACN); Museo de La Plata, vestiture. La Plata (MLP); Instituto y Fundación Miguel Figs. 1-9. Figs. 1-3, Ptilothrix concolor n. sp., male. 1, S7, ventral (left) and dorsal (right) views. 2, S8, ventral view. 3, apex of T7. Figs. 4-6. Ptilothrix albidohirta Brèthes, male. 4, S7, ventral (left) and dorsal (right) views. 5, S8, ventral view. 6, apex of T7. Figs. 7-9, hairs of center of outer surface of hind tibia of female. 7, P. albidohirta Brèthes. 8, P. concolor n. sp. 9, P. nemoralis n. sp. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. ROIG ALSINA, A. The albidohirta group of Ptilothrix 115 Fig. 10. Distribution map of the species of the albidohirta group: P. albidohirta Brèthes (dots), P. concolor n. sp. (stars; open star indicates imprecise locality in La Rioja province), and P. nemoralis n. sp. (diamonds). Lillo, Tucumán (IFML); American Museum of and P. nemoralis in the Chaco region. Natural History, New York (AMNH); The group is characterized by the slender, Zoologische Staatssammlung, München short-branched scopal hairs on the outer (ZSM). Acronyms are used to indicate surface of the hind tibia of the female, by the depositories of the specimens. lack of an apical white brush of hairs on the hind tibia, and by the digitiform projection RESULTS of the inner lobe of the seventh sternum of the male (although males of P. nemoralis are albidohirta group as yet unknown). The three species differ considerably in This species-group includes Ptilothrix their appearance. Ptilothrix albidohirta albidohirta Brèthes and the two new species resembles Diadasia baeri (Vachal), another P. concolor and P. nemoralis. The group is hirsute, pale-colored emphorine, with which known from northern and western Argentina it is sympatric in the Andes mountains. and from central Bolivia (Fig. 10). One of the Ptilothrix concolor resembles a large, species, P. albidohirta, occurs in the Puna ordinary Diadasia, due to its short, appressed, region, reaching high altitudes; records for yellowish-brown vestiture. On the contrary, this species range from 2200 m to 3600 m Ptilothrix nemoralis bears a color pattern that a.s.l. The other two species occur in the is typical for a large number of species of lowlands, P. concolor in the Monte region Ptilothrix, with a rufous dorsum of the thorax 116 Rev. Soc. Entomol. Argent. 66 (3-4): 113-119, 2007 and a yellow banded metasoma. shiny, elevated, giving rugose appearance. Punctation around and above antennal Ptilothrix albidohirta Brèthes, 1910 sockets similar to that of clypeus, but with (Figs. 4-7, 10) tessellate interspaces; rest of head more finely punctured; vertex around ocelli finely Ptilothrix albidohirta Brèthes, 1910: 295-296 tessellate, except small shiny area close to (Holotype male, 7892, Jujuy, Argentina, lateral ocellus. Punctures on scutum, MACN, examined); Schrottky, 1913: 254; scutellum, and mesopleuron dense, on center Hazeldine, 1997: 33-35, figs. 16-17 of scutum 0.2-1.0 diameters apart, with (biology); Roig-Alsina, 1999: 25. weakly tessellate interspaces. Metapostnotum tessellate. Metasomal terga tessellate between Diagnosis. This species is distinguished punctures. by its hirsute vestiture all over the body. The Structure. Inner orbits nearly straight and metasoma of both sexes is clothed with long, parallel. Ocellocular and interocellar erect hairs, lacking the appressed bands distances subequal. Clypeus 1.9-2.0 times characteristic of many other Ptilothrix. It is wider than long, protuberant in lateral view also characterized by the color of the for a distance 0.65 times maximum eye vestiture, greyish on the head and mesosoma, width. Labrum trapeziform, with pointed and yellowish to orange on the metasoma; apex, 1.5 times as broad as median length. the vestiture of the legs is pale in males, but Interantennal distance 2.5-2.8 times mostly black in females. antennocular distance. First flagellomere 2.2 times longer than its apical width; proportion Redescription. Female. Length: 10.3- of lengths of scape, pedicel and proximal 12.8 mm; length of forewing: 8.8-10.3 mm. three flagellomeres 1.7:0.5:1:0.3:0.35. Color: Black, except middle of mandible, apex of tarsi, and translucent outer margin of Male. Length: 8.0-13.0 mm (holotype tegula reddish brown. Membrane of wings: 10.3 mm); length of forewing: 8.5-10.5 mm slightly infuscate; pterostigma and veins: dark (holotype, 8.7 mm). Color, pubescence and brown to black. sculpture: similar to those of female, except Pubescence. Hairs: gray to pale as follows. Hairs: gray to pale yellowish- yellowish-brown on head, mesosoma and T1; brown all over the body, including legs and hairs grayish, partly dusky, on underside of metasoma. Hairs on head and thorax longer, coxae, trochanters and front and mid femora, those on scutum 3.5-4.3 times MOD, on rest of legs with hairs black, including scopal mesopleuron 3.3-4.3 times MOD. Hairs on hairs. Hairs: yellowish brown (with orange metasomal terga: erect, long, on T2 2.2-2.8 hue in fresh specimens) on T2-T6 and on times MOD. S2-S4 with long, erect hairs, and metasomal sterna; prepygidial fimbria orange. apical fringes poorly defined; S5 with hairs Pubescence of head and thorax: long and short medially and longer laterally. S6 bare erect, hairs on center of scutum 2.5-3.0 times basally and laterally, apically with dense MOD, hairs on mesopleuron also 2.5-3.0 median tuft of erect hairs.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Male and Female Bees Show Large Differences in Floral Preference
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/432518; this version posted November 16, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 Male and female bees show large differences in floral preference 2 3 Michael Roswell [email protected] 4 Graduate program in ecology and evolution, Rutgers University 5 14 College Farm Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08904 6 7 Jonathan Dushoff 8 Department of biology, McMaster University 9 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, Ontario ON L8S 4K1 10 11 Rachael Winfree 12 Department of ecology, evolution, and natural resources, Rutgers University 13 14 College Farm Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08904 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/432518; this version posted November 16, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 14 Abstract 15 16 1. Intraspecific variation in foraging niche can drive food web dynamics and 17 ecosystem processes. Field studies and theoretical analysis of plant-pollinator 18 interaction networks typically focus on the partitioning of the floral community 19 between pollinator species, with little attention paid to intraspecific variation 20 among plants or foraging bees. In other systems, male and female animals 21 exhibit different, cascading, impacts on interaction partners.
    [Show full text]
  • Southwestern Rare and Endangered Plants
    Preliminary Report on the Reproductive Biology of the Threatened Chisos Mountain Hedgehog Cactus BONNIE B. AMOS and CHRISTOS VASSILIOU Angelo State University, Texas Abstract: The Chisos Mountain hedgehog cactus (Echinocereus chisoensis, Cactaceae) is a narrow endemic restricted to an approximately 100 square mile area in Big Bend National Park, Texas. It was listed as threatened in 1987 as Echinocereus chisoensis var. chisoensis. An investigation of the reproductive biology and pollination ecology conducted in 1999 and 2000 revealed the taxon to be homogamous, self-incompatible, xenogamous, and heavily dependent upon the cactus oligolectic bee, Diadasia rinconis (Anthophoridae) for pollination. Despite infrequent bee visitation, fruit set from open pollination is high and fruits produce large numbers of seeds. Predation in 2002, probably from rodents as a result of severe drought conditions, was severe on plants, flower buds, and fruits. The Chisos Mountain hedgehog cactus, or Chisos jillo (Opuntia leptocaulis DC.), ocotillo (Fouquieria pitaya (Echinocereus chisoensis W. Marshall), is 1 of splendens K. Kunth), leatherstem (Jatropha dioica V. 20 threatened or endangered cacti listed by the de Cervantes), lechuguilla (Agave lechuguilla J. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for Region 2 (http: Torrey), and ceniza (Leucophyl1umf)zltescens (J. Ber- // ecos. fws.gov/ webpage/ webpage-lead.htrnl? landier) I. M. Johnston). An earlier study (Hender- lead_region=2&type=L&listings=l).In 1987 it was shott et al. 1992) did not show specific E. chisoen- added to the federal lists (53 FR 38453) of en- sis-nurse plant associations, but rather showed dangered and threatened wildlife and plants as associations as a consequence of soil conditions threatened because of its restricted distribution, that provide a hospitablL environment for a diver- low numbers, loss of viability in existing popula- sity of species or the exploitation by E.
    [Show full text]
  • Classification of the Apidae (Hymenoptera)
    Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU Mi Bee Lab 9-21-1990 Classification of the Apidae (Hymenoptera) Charles D. Michener University of Kansas Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/bee_lab_mi Part of the Entomology Commons Recommended Citation Michener, Charles D., "Classification of the Apidae (Hymenoptera)" (1990). Mi. Paper 153. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/bee_lab_mi/153 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Bee Lab at DigitalCommons@USU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Mi by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@USU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 4 WWvyvlrWryrXvW-WvWrW^^ I • • •_ ••^«_«).•>.• •.*.« THE UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS SCIENC5;^ULLETIN LIBRARY Vol. 54, No. 4, pp. 75-164 Sept. 21,1990 OCT 23 1990 HARVARD Classification of the Apidae^ (Hymenoptera) BY Charles D. Michener'^ Appendix: Trigona genalis Friese, a Hitherto Unplaced New Guinea Species BY Charles D. Michener and Shoichi F. Sakagami'^ CONTENTS Abstract 76 Introduction 76 Terminology and Materials 77 Analysis of Relationships among Apid Subfamilies 79 Key to the Subfamilies of Apidae 84 Subfamily Meliponinae 84 Description, 84; Larva, 85; Nest, 85; Social Behavior, 85; Distribution, 85 Relationships among Meliponine Genera 85 History, 85; Analysis, 86; Biogeography, 96; Behavior, 97; Labial palpi, 99; Wing venation, 99; Male genitalia, 102; Poison glands, 103; Chromosome numbers, 103; Convergence, 104; Classificatory questions, 104 Fossil Meliponinae 105 Meliponorytes,
    [Show full text]
  • Components of Nest Provisioning Behavior in Solitary Bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea)*
    Apidologie 39 (2008) 30–45 Available online at: c INRA/DIB-AGIB/ EDP Sciences, 2008 www.apidologie.org DOI: 10.1051/apido:2007055 Review article Components of nest provisioning behavior in solitary bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea)* John L. Neff Central Texas Melittological Institute, 7307 Running Rope, Austin, Texas 78731, USA Received 13 June 2007 – Revised 28 September 2007 – Accepted 1 October 2007 Abstract – The components of nest provisioning behavior (resources per cell, transport capacity, trip dura- tion, trips per cell) are examined for a data set derived from the literature and various unpublished studies. While there is a trade-off between transport capacity and trips required per cell, the highest provisioning rates are achieved by bees carrying very large pollen loads at intermediate trip durations. Most solitary bees appear to be either egg or resource limited, so sustained provisioning rates over one cell per day are unusual. Provisioning rate / body size / transport capacity / solitary bees / trip duration 1. INTRODUCTION tradeoffs between provisioning one large cell or two small cells direct, indirect, or nonex- There is a vast literature on the foraging tac- istent? Are provisioning rates related to body tics of bees: what kinds of flowers to visit, how size? long to spend on a flower, how many flowers Provisioning rate is a general term and can in an inflorescence to visit, when to turn, and simply refer to the rate (mass per unit time) so forth. Much of this work is done within a at which foragers bring various food items framework of whether a forager should max- (pollen, nectar, oils, carrion, or whatever) to imize harvesting rate or foraging efficiency their nests.
    [Show full text]
  • Novitates PUBLISHED by the AMERICAN MUSEUM of NATURAL HISTORY CENTRAL PARK WEST at 79TH STREET, NEW YORK, N.Y
    AMERICAN MUSEUM Novitates PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY CENTRAL PARK WEST AT 79TH STREET, NEW YORK, N.Y. 10024 Number 2640, pp. 1-24, figs. 1-36, tables 1-3 January 3, 1978 The Bionomics and Immature Stages of the Cleptoparasitic Bee Genus Protepeolus (Anthophoridae, Nomadinae) JEROME G. ROZEN, JR.,' KATHLEEN R. EICKWORT,2 AND GEORGE C. EICKWORT3 ABSTRACT Protepeolus singularis was found attacking cells numerous biological dissimilarities. The first in- in nests of Diadasia olivacea in southeastern Ari- star Protepeolus attacks and kills the pharate last zona. The following biological information is pre- larval instar of the host before consuming the sented: behavior of adult females while searching provisions, a unique feature for nomadine bees. for host nests; intraspecific interactions of fe- First and last larval instars and the pupa are males at the host nesting site; interactions with described taxonomically and illustrated. Brief host adults; oviposition; and such larval activities comparative descriptions of the other larval in- as crawling, killing the host, feeding, defecation, stars are also given. Larval features attest to the and cocoon spinning. In general, adult female be- common origin of Protepeolus and the other havior corresponds to that of other Nomadinae. Nomadinae. Cladistic analysis using 27 characters Females perch for extended periods near nest of mature larvae of the Nomadinae demonstrates entrances and avoid host females, which attack that Isepeolus is a sister group to all the other parasites when encountered. Females apparently Nomadinae known from larvae, including Pro- learn the locations of host nests and return to tepeolus, and that Protepeolus is a sister group to them frequently.
    [Show full text]
  • The Impact of Molecular Data on Our Understanding of Bee Phylogeny and Evolution
    EN58CH04-Danforth ARI 5 December 2012 7:55 The Impact of Molecular Data on Our Understanding of Bee Phylogeny and Evolution Bryan N. Danforth,1∗ Sophie Cardinal,2 Christophe Praz,3 Eduardo A.B. Almeida,4 and Denis Michez5 1Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853; email: [email protected] 2Canadian National Collection of Insects, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C6, Canada; email: [email protected] 3Institute of Biology, University of Neuchatel, Emile-Argand 11, 2009 Neuchatel, Switzerland; email: [email protected] 4Departamento de Biologia, FFCLRP-Universidade de Sao˜ Paulo, 14040-901 Ribeirao˜ Preto, Sao˜ Paulo, Brazil; email: [email protected] 5University of Mons, Laboratory of Zoology, 7000 Mons, Belgium; email: [email protected] Annu. Rev. Entomol. 2013. 58:57–78 Keywords First published online as a Review in Advance on Hymenoptera, Apoidea, bees, molecular systematics, sociality, parasitism, August 28, 2012 plant-insect interactions The Annual Review of Entomology is online at ento.annualreviews.org Abstract by 77.56.160.109 on 01/14/13. For personal use only. This article’s doi: Our understanding of bee phylogeny has improved over the past fifteen years 10.1146/annurev-ento-120811-153633 as a result of new data, primarily nucleotide sequence data, and new methods, Copyright c 2013 by Annual Reviews. primarily model-based methods of phylogeny reconstruction. Phylogenetic All rights reserved Annu. Rev. Entomol. 2013.58:57-78. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org studies based on single or, more commonly, multilocus data sets have helped ∗ Corresponding author resolve the placement of bees within the superfamily Apoidea; the relation- ships among the seven families of bees; and the relationships among bee subfamilies, tribes, genera, and species.
    [Show full text]
  • Effects of Invasive Plant Species on Native Bee Communities in the Southern Great Plains
    EFFECTS OF INVASIVE PLANT SPECIES ON NATIVE BEE COMMUNITIES IN THE SOUTHERN GREAT PLAINS By KAITLIN M. O’BRIEN Bachelor of Science in Rangeland Ecology & Management Texas A&M University College Station, Texas 2015 Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate College of the Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE May, 2017 EFFECTS OF INVASIVE PLANT SPECIES ON NATIVE BEE COMMUNITIES IN THE SOUTHERN GREAT PLAINS Thesis Approved: Dr. Kristen A. Baum Thesis Adviser Dr. Karen R. Hickman Dr. Dwayne Elmore ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to begin by thanking my advisor, Dr. Kristen Baum, for all of her guidance and expertise throughout this research project. She is an exemplary person to work with, and I am so grateful to have shared my graduate school experience with her. I would also like to recognize my committee members, Dr. Karen Hickman and Dr. Dwayne Elmore, both of whom provided valuable insight to this project. A huge thank you goes out to the Southern Plains Network of the National Park Service, specifically Robert Bennetts and Tomye Folts-Zettner. Without them, this project would not exist, and I am forever grateful to have been involved with their network and parks, both as a research student and summer crew member. A special thank you for Jonathin Horsely, who helped with plot selection, summer sampling, and getting my gear around. I would also like to thank the Baum Lab members, always offering their support and guidance as we navigated through graduate school. And lastly, I would like to thank my family, especially my fiancé Garrett, for believing in me and supporting me as I pursued my goals.
    [Show full text]
  • Bee-Friendly Native Plants
    BEE-FRIENDLY NATIVE PLANTS Theodore Payne Foundation for Wild Flowers and Native Plants 10459 Tuxford Street, Sun Valley, CA 91352 | (818) 768-1802 | theodorepayne.org California is home to 1,600 native bee species! Native bees are important and effective pollinators and essential to a healthy ecosystem. The best way to support these and other beneficial insects in your garden is to provide them with native plants. ANNUALS (best sown from seed in fall) Clarkia unguiculata (elegant clarkia) Showy white, pink or magenta flowers on tall upright stems. Foliage is used by sphinx moth caterpillars (also called hummingbird moths!). Eschscholzia californica (California poppy) Favored by small sweat bees and our smallest bees, Perdita spp. Gilia capitata (globe gilia) Late-spring bloomer loved by long-horned bees. Layia platyglossa (tidy tips) Cheerful yellow and white daisy-like flowers. Lupinus succulentus (arroyo lupine) and other species Blue-purple flowers attract bumblebees. Mentzelia lindleyi Golden yellow flowers attract digger bees Nemophila menziesii (baby blue eyes) Charming little plant with blue flowers. Grows well in part sun to shade. Phacelia tanacetifolia (tansy-leaved phacelia) A must-have for any bee garden. PERENNIALS Calystegia macrostegia (morning glory) Climbing vine attracts the specialist digger bee, Diadasia bituberculata, which forages only on this flower. Helianthus annuus (common sunflower), Baileya multiradiata (desert marigold) and other Aster family species Attract many pollinators, including sweat bees, mason bees and bumble bees. Monardella spp. (coyote mint) Fragrant foliage and showy, nectar-rich flowers attract bees, flower flies and butterflies. Penstemon spectabilis (showy penstemon) Large tubular flowers are foraged by bees and pollen wasps.
    [Show full text]
  • Insect Pollination of Prickly-Pears (Opuntia: Cactaceae) Author(S): Bruce D
    Southwestern Association of Naturalists Insect Pollination of Prickly-Pears (Opuntia: Cactaceae) Author(s): Bruce D. Parfitt and Charles H. Pickett Source: The Southwestern Naturalist, Vol. 25, No. 1 (Jan. 30, 1980), pp. 104-107 Published by: Southwestern Association of Naturalists Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3671218 Accessed: 13-11-2015 20:21 UTC Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/ info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Southwestern Association of Naturalists is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The Southwestern Naturalist. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 156.40.216.1 on Fri, 13 Nov 2015 20:21:54 UTC All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions I t:Y ~oIL I tsF `.'4 ...,'',' "-,,,'., ',", Fig. 1. Nests of Osprey (upper) and Great Blue Heron in cardon cactus, Tiburon Island, Sonora, May 1978. almost immediately. The heron returned within a few minutes and attempted to alight on its nest. It made three attemptsby approaching from above and passing over or alongside the Osprey nest. In each case it was driven off by the Osprey. On its fourthattempt it approached the nest fromthe frontand below, apparently not disturbingthe Osprey, and was permittedto settle on its nest.
    [Show full text]
  • Differences in Arthropods Found in Flowers Versus Trapped in Plant
    Arthropod-Plant Interactions (2014) 8:411–419 DOI 10.1007/s11829-014-9328-x ORIGINAL PAPER Differences in arthropods found in flowers versus trapped in plant resins on Haplopappus platylepis Phil. (Asteraceae): Can the plant discriminate between pollinators and herbivores? Cristian A. Villagra • Alvaro Astudillo Meza • Alejandro Urzu´a Received: 30 September 2013 / Accepted: 25 August 2014 / Published online: 26 September 2014 Ó Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2014 Abstract Plants produce secondary metabolites related to insects we observed foraging on disk florets; Arthrobracus ecologically relevant processes. These compounds include (Coleoptera: Melyridae) and Linepithema (Hymenoptera: surface secretions such as latex, mucilage and resins that Formicidae) were the predominant insects ‘‘trapped in help plants face abiotic and biotic environmental threats resin’’, while Diadasia (Hymenoptera: Apidae) was the such as drought, nutrient deficiency, extreme temperatures most frequent ‘‘floral visitor’’. We propose that bracteal and UV radiation, as well as herbivory, pathogenic resin of H. platylepis may function as a selective trap for microorganisms and other natural enemies. We studied the non-mutualistic insects reaching reproductive structures of resinous coating found on involucral bracts of Haplopap- this plant and discuss other multiple possible roles for this pus platylepis Phil. (Asteraceae). This plant belongs to a secretion, including protocarnivory. speciose genus widely distributed in South America (Lane and Hartman in Am J Bot 83:356, 1996). H. platylepis is Keywords Constitutive resistance Á Terpenoids Á characterized by resinous fragrant leaves. In this species, Larcenist Á Diadasia chilensis Á Lioptilodes friasi resins cover the involucral bracts as well as young leaves and are also secreted on reproductive stalks in smaller amounts.
    [Show full text]
  • Citizen Scientist Pollinator Monitoring Guide
    Pennsylvania Native Bee Survey Citizen Scientist Pollinator Monitoring Guide Revised for Pennsylvania By: Leo Donovall and Dennis vanEngelsdorp Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture The Pennsylvania State University Based on the “California Pollinator Project: Citizen Scientist Pollinator Monitoring Guide” Developed By: Katharina Ullmann, Tiffany Shih, Mace Vaughan, and Claire Kremen The Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation University of California at Berkeley The Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation is an international, nonprofit, member-supported organization dedicated to preserving wildlife and its habitat through the conservation of invertebrates. The Society promotes protection of invertebrates and their habitat through science-based advocacy, conservation, and education projects. Its work focuses on three principal areas – endangered species, watershed health, and pollinator conservation. For more information about the Society or on becoming a member, please visit our website (www.xerces.org) or call us at (503) 232-6639. Through its pollinator conservation program, the Society offers practical advice and technical support on habitat management for native pollinator insects. University of California Berkeley collaborates with the Xerces Society on monitoring pollinator communities and pollination function at farm sites before and after restoration. University of California Berkeley conducts studies to calibrate the observational data collected by citizen scientists against the specimen-based data collected by scientists
    [Show full text]
  • An Evaluation of Hibiscus Moscheutos Ssp. Lasiocarpos and Ipomoea
    Southern Illinois University Carbondale OpenSIUC Theses Theses and Dissertations 12-2009 An Evaluation of Hibiscus moscheutos ssp. lasiocarpos and Ipomoea pandurata as host plants of the specialist bee, Ptilothrix bombiformis (Apoidea: Emphorini) and the role of floral scent chemistry in host-selection. Melissa Diane Simpson Southern Illinois University Carbondale, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses Recommended Citation Simpson, Melissa Diane, "An Evaluation of Hibiscus moscheutos ssp. lasiocarpos and Ipomoea pandurata as host plants of the specialist bee, Ptilothrix bombiformis (Apoidea: Emphorini) and the role of floral scent chemistry in host-selection." (2009). Theses. Paper 107. This Open Access Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at OpenSIUC. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses by an authorized administrator of OpenSIUC. For more information, please contact [email protected]. AN EVALUATION OF Hibiscus moscheutos ssp . lasiocarpos AND Ipomoea pandurata AS HOST PLANTS OF THE SPECIALIST BEE, Ptilothrix bombiformis (APOIDEA: EMPHORINI) AND THE ROLE OF FLORAL SCENT CHEMISTRY IN HOST-SELECTION. By Melissa Simpson B.S., Southern Illinois University Carbondale, 2006 A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Master of Science Degree in Plant Biology Department of Plant Biology In the Graduate School Southern Illinois University Carbondale December 2009 THESIS APPROVAL AN EVALUATION OF Hibiscus moscheutos ssp . lasiocarpos AND Ipomoea pandurata AS HOST PLANTS OF THE SPECIALIST BEE, Ptilothrix bombiformis (APOIDEA: EMPHORINI) AND THE ROLE OF FLORAL SCENT CHEMISTRY IN HOST-SELECTION. By Melissa Simpson A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Master of Science in the field of Plant Biology Approved by: Dr.
    [Show full text]