STATE OF ISRAEL

WRRC 2011 Yuma, Arizona

The Master Plan for Desalination in Israel , 2020

Abraham Tenne Head of Desalination Division and Water Technologies Chairman of the WDA (Water Desalination Administration) STATE OF ISRAEL

The overall goal of the Israeli Water Authority

Assure that water will be sustainable, available, reliable, in the required quantities, locations and qualities. STATE OF ISRAEL

Water demand forecast (MCM/Year) Year 2008 2013 2015 2020 Agriculture 430 530 530 530 Industry 85 95 100 110 Urban 730 840 880 980 Aquifer rehabilitation 0 120 130 150 Neighbors 130 130 150 150 Nature 7 50 50 50 Total demand 1,382 1,765 1,840 1,970

These figures do not include effluents, storm water and brackish water for irrigation in the amount of 500 MCM/Year. STATE OF ISRAEL Water resources including desalination (MCM/Year) Year 2008 2013 2015 2020 Natural resources 675 1,170 1,170 1,170 Brackish water 30 50 70 70 desalination Sea water 140 545 600 750 desalination Total resources 845 1,765 1,840 1,990 Total demand 1,382 ,1765 ,1840 1,970 Gap 537 0 0 -20 These figures do not include effluents, storm water and brackish water for irrigation in the amount of 500 MCM/Year. STATE OF ISRAEL

CLOSING THE GAP

 Water saving and efficient use of water.  Water wells purification and aquifers water quality improvement.  Increasing capacity of waste water treatment and upgrading effluent quality.  Desalination. STATE OF ISRAEL

REDUCING WATER DEMAND

Water saving and efficient use of water

• Media publications. • Teaching activities in schools in all levels. • Water leakage in piping (developing new technologies). • Using water saving plantation (including new developments). • Advanced irrigation systems (including new developments and improvements). • Increasing water price . STATE OF ISRAEL

Resources for increasing water supply (cont’)

Water wells purification and aquifers water quality improvement.

• Assisting in developing technologies for purifying wells • Funding well purification projects. • Operating wells on the eastern and western parts of the shore aquifer. STATE OF ISRAEL

Resources for increasing water supply (cont’) Increasing capacity of waste water treatment and upgrading effluent quality.

• Increasing effluent upgrading to a level of unlimited irrigation. • Increasing construction of new water reuse systems. • Encouraging more farmers to irrigate with effluent instead of fresh water. STATE OF ISRAEL

Resources for increasing water supply (cont’)

Brackish water Desalination

• Increasing existing BWRO plants. • Encouraging construction of new BWRO plants. • Encouraging technology improvements for BWRO plants. STATE OF ISRAEL

Resources for increasing water supply (cont’)

Sea water Desalination

• Increasing existing SWRO plants. • Encouraging construction of new SWRO plants. • Encouraging technology improvements for SWRO plants in Pretreatment and Post Treatment. • Encouraging Energy Saving Technology improvements for SWRO plants. STATE OF ISRAEL Resources for increasing water supply

כמויות Desalination התפלת Water מליחיםBrackish totalסה"כ כמות increaseמצטברת , אינה quality תוספת Waterלמאזן כמות capacityמצטברת , תוספת Additionalלמאזן

80 71.6495

70 65.0195 65.0195

60 52.9495 52.9495 50

38.225 40 35.825 33.2765 34.7965 מות במלמ MCM/Y " 30 ק 19.3365 20 13.175 13.6 10

0 1990 1994 2003 2005 2006 2007 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2015 שנים years STATE OF ISRAEL Resources for increasing water supply (cont’) Sea Water Desalination (SWRO)

Supply התפלגות Desalination אספקת מי יםSea Waterמותפלים

סהTotal"כ גליל Shomratמערבי Sorekשורק Ashdodאשדוד Haderaחדרה Palmachimפלמחים Ashkelonאשקלון

700

595 600 545

500

385 400

295 מות במלמ CM/Y 271 300 " ק

166 200 150 150 130 130 130 130 112 114 115 120 120 120 120 100 100 100 60 50 34 42 45 45 45 45 20 30 0 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2015 Yearsשנים STATE OF ISRAEL

National Plan 34/b/2 For desalination of 755 MCM/Year Shomrat Haifa Bay Capacity Project MCM/Year Location 30 Shomrat 30 Haifa Bay Hadera 100 Hadera Power plant 200 Sorek Palmachim Shafdan 100 Palmachim Ashdod ind. Zone 150 Asdod Ashdod Power Plant Industrial zone Ashkelon 45 Ashdod power plant 100 Ashkelon 20 Eilat SWRO Process Diagram The Membrane Agreements with Desalination Companies

• BOT • BOO • TK STATE OF ISRAEL

Water Desalination Prices ($) Per CM (VAT not included)

Project name Ashkelon Palmachim Hadera Sorek

Fixed price 0.4 0.35 0.25 0.25

Variable price 0.3 0.45 0.4 0.27

Total price 0.7 0.8 0.65 0.52 STATE OF ISRAEL

Connection to the National Grid Investment and Cost Per CM ($)

Project Investment date Cost per name ($) CM ($) Ashkelon 30 M 1.2002 0.15

Palmachim 8 M 12.2003 0.04

Hadera 85 M 6.2006 ~ 0.3 STATE OF ISRAEL

Desalination Water Quality

Quality units Contractual Demands Ashkelon Palmachim Hadera parameter Actual Actual Actual Ashkelon Palmachim Hadera Chloride ppm 20 80 20 10-15 30-40 10-15 Boron ppm 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2-0.3 0.3-0.38 0.2-0.3 pH ppm 7.5-8.5 7-8 7.5-8.5 8-8.5 8-8.5 8-8.5

LSI -0.2 to 0.5 -0.5 to 0.5 0 to 0.5 0 to 0.5 0-0.5 0 to 0.5

Alkalinity ppm* >80 45-50 40-45 > 80 Hardness ppm* >60 >75 80-120 90-110 85-95 80-120 Turbidity NTU <0.5 <0.8 <0.5 0.15-0.2 0.15-0.3 0.2-0.5

* As CaCO3 Index Water supply Agreement Capacity Location •Operation stage method MCM/Year •Construction stage •Pre tender stage August 2005 BOT 100 Ashkelon •Pre contract stage May 2007 BOO 30 Palmachim 2013 BOT 150 Sorek TK 100 Ashdod- מקורות 2013 December 2009 BOT 100 Hadera Operation stage 12.2009 2010-2013Hadera 160 expansions (130) 650 Total

750 Construction stage, water supply 2013 650 (150) sorek Operation stage 5.2007 (45) Palmachim 400 stage, water supply 2013 280 295 300 אשקלוןTendering Ashdod (100) 130145 160 36 100 0 (120) Ashkelon Operation stage 8.2005 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2914 2020 Main Water Supply System

Haifa Saphir station Eshkol reservoir Sea of Galilee (Kinneret) National carrier Tel Aviv 108” Jerusalem Eshkol reservoir

National carrier - length section

108” Sea of Galilee SWRO facilities connection a revolution in National system operation Barkai Reservoir Hadera Res. + Pump. St. Barkai Pump. St. Connection Pipe 80”

Western Line

South Elishema St. Raanana St. Sharon

Horashim Res. Western Line

Sorek Cule Res. Pump. St. and Res. West Yarkon Line

Ashdod Pump. St. and Res. The 5th Line To Jerusalem

Hafetz Haiim

Neora

More Water Technologies

. Advanced Filtration Systems. . Advanced water leakage detection systems. . Water saving and efficient use of water. . Developing water saving plantation. . Storm water treatment and collection. . Water security. Assisting the research for water technologies development

• Funding research on water technologies. • Assisting to build pilot plants for technical improvements. • The Katamon Program to encourage water technologies developments. • The Governmental Newtech program to promote water technologies. • Funding a new research center for water technologies at Sde Boker. • Funding water technologies conferences in Israel and abroad. Promoting water studies in the educational systems

• Promoting and developing water studies and educational programs in elementary and high schools. • Encourage conferences and lectures in schools in water issues. • Scholarship program for students in water studies for the second and third degree. • Participating in water study centers in the existing desalination plants. • Encourage professional educational programs of water technologies for professional technicians and engineers. STATE OF ISRAEL

Energy in Desalination Plants

•Reduced Specific Energy to 3.5 Kw/CM •Every Desalination Plant will have its own IPP NG. •Solar Panels at the new Desalination plants. STATE OF ISRAEL

New Resources and Renewable Energy The Israeli Infrastructure ministry had decided to have independent private power plants of a total capacity of 4000-5000 MW in the next 10 years. NG IPP 2500-3000 MW Solar Energy 250-500 MW Wind energy 250-400 MW Pumped storage 1000-1100 MW STATE OF ISRAEL Renewable Energy Solar Energy- The Israeli Government decided to build two solar power Plants in tow technologies:

•Solar thermal plants for 80-110 MW •Photo voltaic plant of 15-30 MW.

The PQ was published at 2009 and the tender will be published in few month.

The plants will start its production at 2014. STATE OF ISRAEL Renewable Energy Solar thermal plants

Photo voltaic plants STATE OF ISRAEL Renewable Energy Wind Energy- at present we have in Israel a wind turbine farm of 6 MW. The potential is 600 MW. STATE OF ISRAEL Renewable Energy

Pumped Storage Energy- There are already three approved projects of a total capacity of 700MW. STATE OF ISRAEL Environmental Aspects Concentrate to the sea: •Advanced defuses •Monitoring plan Coagulants Lend Removal Using NG instead coal power plants: •Impurities reduction of 80% Green Chapter in the Desalination Tenders: •Using local recycled material •Environmental friendly design STATE OF ISRAEL Ashkelon Desalination plant Construction started on January 2003 Beginning of operation August 2005 Production today 110 MCM/Y Production in 2010 120 MCM/Y STATE OF ISRAEL Palmachim Desalination plant Construction started on January 2005 Beginning of operation June 2007 Production today 30 MCM/Y Production in 2010 45 MCM/Y STATE OF ISRAEL

Hadera Desalination Plantl

Construction started on June 2007 Beginning of operation December 2009 Production in 2009 100 MCM/Y Production in 2010 130 MCM/Y STATE OF ISRAEL

Sorek Desalination Plant-Model

Construction will start on July 2010 Beginning of operation July 2013 production on 2013, 70 MCM/Y Production in 2014, 150 MCM/Y STATE OF ISRAEL

Thank you

Drought 2010-2011