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Yaszek Final.Indb GALACTIC SUBURBIA YYaszekaszek ffinal.indbinal.indb i 111/21/20071/21/2007 111:41:061:41:06 AAMM GALACTIC THE OHIO STATE Columbus YYaszekaszek ffinal.indbinal.indb iiii 111/21/20071/21/2007 111:41:171:41:17 AAMM SUBURBIA RRECOVERINGE CO V E R I N G WWOMEN’SO M E N ’ S SSCIENCECI E N C E FICTIONF I CT I O N LISA YASZEK UNIVERSITY PRESS YYaszekaszek ffinal.indbinal.indb iiiiii 111/21/20071/21/2007 111:41:171:41:17 AAMM Copyright © 2008 by The Ohio State University. All rights reserved. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Yaszek, Lisa, 1969– Galactic suburbia : recovering women’s science fi ction / Lisa Yaszek. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978–0–8142–1075–8 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN-13: 978–0–8142–5164–5 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Science fi ction, American—History and criticism. 2. American fi ction—Women authors—History and criticism. 3. American fi ction—20th century—History and criti- cism. 4. Feminism and literature—United States—History—20th century. 5. Women and literature—United States—History—20th century. 6. Feminist fi ction, American— History and criticism. 7. Sex role in literature. I. Title. PS374.S35Y36 2008 813.’08762099287—dc22 2007032288 This book is available in the following editions: Cloth (ISBN 978–0–8142–1075–8) Paper (ISBN 978–0–8142–5164–5) CD ROM (ISBN 978–0–8142–9153–5) Cover design by Dan O’Dair. Text design by Jennifer Shoffey Forsythe. Type set in ITC Veljovic. Printed by Thomson-Shore, Inc. The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials. ANSI Z39.48–1992. 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 YYaszekaszek ffinal.indbinal.indb iivv 111/21/20071/21/2007 111:41:181:41:18 AAMM For Doug YYaszekaszek ffinal.indbinal.indb v 111/21/20071/21/2007 111:41:181:41:18 AAMM YYaszekaszek ffinal.indbinal.indb vvii 111/21/20071/21/2007 111:41:181:41:18 AAMM CONTENTS List of Illustrations ix Acknowledgments xi Introduction Strange Reading 1 Chapter One Writers 19 Chapter Two Homemakers 66 Chapter Three Activists 106 Chapter Four Scientists 150 Conclusion Progenitors 195 Works Cited 211 Index 225 YYaszekaszek ffinal.indbinal.indb vviiii 111/21/20071/21/2007 111:41:181:41:18 AAMM YYaszekaszek ffinal.indbinal.indb vviiiiii 111/21/20071/21/2007 111:41:181:41:18 AAMM ILLUSTRATIONS Figure 1 Changing images of women and technology after World War II. 14 Figure 2 Original illustration for April Smith and Charles Dye’s “Settle to One” (1953). 79 Figure 3 Original illustration for Rosel George Brown’s “Car Pool” (1959). 83 Figure 4 Original cover of Judith Merril’s Shadow on the Hearth (1950). 123 Figure 5 Original illustration for Cornelia Jessey’s “Put Out the Light” (1955). 145 Figure 6 The science fi ction column as political commentary: Kathleen Downe’s “Why Not a Woman?” (1955). 173 Figure 7 Original illustration for Marion Zimmer Bradley’s “The Wind People” (1959). 177 YYaszekaszek ffinal.indbinal.indb iixx 111/21/20071/21/2007 111:41:181:41:18 AAMM YYaszekaszek ffinal.indbinal.indb x 111/21/20071/21/2007 111:41:181:41:18 AAMM ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ANY DIFFERENT people have helped make this book possible. Special thanks are due to Professor Emeritus m Irving F. “Bud” Foote, who created the Bud Foote Science Fiction Collection at Georgia Tech and entrusted it to my care; the collection is where I fi rst discovered the vibrant tradition of women’s science fi ction (SF) that is the subject of this book. Thanks also to my current colleagues in the School of Literature, Communication, and Culture at Georgia Tech, especially Ken Knoespel, Carol Senf, and Jay Telotte, who ensured that I had the time and resources to complete this book, as well as all the students in my SF classes who provided feedback on my ideas along the way. I am especially indebted to Katharine Calhoun and Martha Saghini of the Interlibrary Loan Program for patiently tracking down resources not available at Georgia Tech, and to my research assistants, Kellie Coffey and Jason Ellis, for their heroic efforts to sort and index those resources. I am often told that I am fortunate to work at an institute that supports SF studies, and I am delighted to confi rm that this support permeates every aspect of life at Georgia Tech. In the process of writing Galactic Suburbia, I was fortunate to work with equally supportive colleagues from the science fi ction, sci- ence studies, and feminist studies communities. Justine Larbalestier, Javier Martinez, and Farah Mendlesohn provided invaluable feed- xi YYaszekaszek ffinal.indbinal.indb xxii 111/21/20071/21/2007 111:41:181:41:18 AAMM xii - Acknowledgments back on my fi rst articles about women’s SF. Since then, I have con- tinued to develop my ideas through my interaction with members of the Science Fiction Research Association and the International Association for the Fantastic in the Arts including Brian Attebery, Marleen Barr, Joan Gordon, Mack Hassler, Veronica Hollinger, Dianne Newell, Robin Reid, Alcena Rogan, and Sherryl Vint. My ideas about the relations of science and gender in SF were honed by discussions with members of the Society for Science, Literature, and the Arts including Ron Broglio, Carol Colatrella, Bob Markely, and Patrick Sharp. My thinking about these subjects is indebted to Rebecca Holden, Sue V. Rosser, and the anonymous readers at Signs, Feminist History, and NWSA Journal as well. And of course, special thanks to my fellow interdisciplinary traveler Doug Davis; writing this book would not have been nearly as much fun without you. The institutional support I received along the way was also an integral part of my experience writing Galactic Suburbia. The School of Literature, Communication, and Culture at Georgia Tech granted me the semester sabbatical during which I began my research on women’s SF, and I completed my fi rst articles on this subject with funding from the National Endowment for the Humanities Summer Stipend Program. Thanks also to the Georgia Tech Tuesday Talk orga- nizers and the Macon State College Women’s Association for provid- ing me with public forums for my work. Portions of chapter 3 appear in the NWSA Journal and Extrapolation; essays drawn from chapters 1 and 2 appear in Foundation: The International Review of Science Fiction and Daughters of Earth: Feminist Science Fiction in the Twentieth Century, edited by Justine Larbalestier (Wesleyan University Press, 2006); and articles inspired by chapter 4 are forthcoming in Women in Science Fiction and Fantasy: An Encyclopedia, edited by Robin Reid (Greenwood Press) and Gender Myths and Beliefs, edited by Sue V. Rosser (ABC Clio). Finally, thanks to Sandy Crooms and the entire editing and pro- duction staff at The Ohio State University Press, especially Maggie Diehl and Karie Kirkpatrick for their sharp editorial eyes; Jennifer Shoffey Forsythe for the book design and typesetting; and Dan O’Dair for the cover. I hope that my readers enjoy this book as much as I’ve enjoyed working with all of you. YYaszekaszek ffinal.indbinal.indb xxiiii 111/21/20071/21/2007 111:41:191:41:19 AAMM IINTRODUCTIONN T R O D U C T I O N SSTRANGETRANGE RREADINGEADING NEW SCIENCE fi ction (SF) magazine called The Avalonian hit the newsstands in 1952. The debut issue a featured an anchor story by Lilith Lorraine—an SF vet- eran who had been writing for more than two decades and who also published The Avalonian—and half a dozen more pieces by writers largely unknown to the genre’s growing readership. Among the latter was a very short story by Helen Reid Chase entitled “Night of Fire.” In less than four pages Chase rallies a galactic civilization, recapitulates cold war nuclear fears, ridicules religious zealots, razes planet Earth, and fi nally saves a select fraction of humanity for a destiny among the stars. “Night of Fire” is both utterly typical and truly remark- able for its time. An intergalactic alien council decides that humans, with their deadly combination of advanced atomic technologies and apocalyptic religious impulses, have set themselves on the path to total annihilation. Exhibiting a rather fi ne sense of irony, the council stages a fake rapture and spirits away those few earthlings “of very unusual intelligence” who have adhered to the principles of rational and benevolent behavior, leaving behind a scorched earth for the very same religious fanatics who prophesied apocalypse in the fi rst place (33). 1 YYaszekaszek ffinal.indbinal.indb 1 111/21/20071/21/2007 111:41:191:41:19 AAMM 2 - Introduction Because Chase valorizes empirical science over fundamentalist religion and reasoned intelligence over rote faith, her story is very much a recognizable part of the SF tradition. But in a historical moment when science and technology (not to mention stories about them) were considered primarily the province of male scientists, politicians, and artists, Chase’s story departs from tradition by focus- ing on the fate of women in the high-tech world of tomorrow. “Night of Fire” is told from multiple perspectives, including that of Mrs. Brandon, a woman of “meager intellect” who shuns science, technol- ogy, and education in general while embracing strict religious piety and merciless domestic order (32). Not surprisingly, when she is left behind with all the other anti-intellectual zealots, Mrs. Brandon loses both her faith and her mind. As a parodic embodiment of the con- ventional feminine virtues celebrated by many postwar Americans, the character of Mrs.
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