A Word on Citations, Notes, and Unfamiliar Literature

Citations from modern scholars that appear in the text have been trans- lated into English. Where translations already exist, I have used them; where they do not, I have supplied my own. I have not translated the citations in the notes, although I have quoted from translations wherever they are available. In every case, regardless of the language cited, the short title and the first page reference in the notes refer to the original; the second page reference refers to the translation, if one has been used. References to the critical literature in the notes have been kept as brief as possible. For full bibliographical information, consult the biblio- graphy. To facilitate access to a body of literature that may be unfamiliar to many English-speaking readers, I have listed in the second part of the bibliography recent English translations of the medieval works dis- cussed, where such translations exist. For the less familiar Middle High German romances I have included English summaries in the appendix. References in the text and in the notes to the Middle High German Arthurian romances as well as to a number of other frequently cited works are given in parentheses. The name of the work, and occasionally its author as well, is indicated according to the abbreviations listed in the following table; the number following the indication of the work refers to the verses or strophes cited. For complete bibliographical information, consult the bibliography. C Heinrich von dem Tiirlin, Diu Crone CCh Chretien de Troyes, Le Chevalier de la charrete CCI Chretien de Troyes, Cliges CE Chretien de Troyes, Erec et Enide CP Chretien de Troyes, Le Conte du graal (Perceval) xiv A Word on Citations, Notes, and Unfamiliar Literature

CY Chretien de Troyes, Le Chevalier au lion (Yvain) D der Stricker, Daniel von dem Bluhenden Tal E Hartmann von Aue, Erec ETr Eilhart von Oberge, Tristrant G der Pleier, Garel von dem Blu'enden Tal GM [Konrad von Stoffeln], Gauriel von Muntabel GTr Gottfried von Strassburg, Tristan und Isold I Hartmann von Aue, Iwein L Ulrich von Zatzikhoven, Lanzelet M der Pleier, Meleranz Nbl Das Nibelungenlied P Wolfram von Eschenbach, Parzival T der Pleier, Tandareis und Flordibel W Wirnt von Gravenberc, Wigalois Wm Wigamur