TVENSK.KURDISK JOURNAL Dubbernummer 7-2T1e86.*G2
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Ez Mafê Xwe Dizanim! I Know My Rights!
Ez mafê xwe dizanim! I know my rights! Manual on human rights education and the right to mother tongue education Based on the experiences of Kurdish youth workers and Kurdish language teachers in Turkey 1 Content Introduction: Berfîn’s story - Memo Şahin .............................................................................................. 6 Berfîn... - Ahmet Altan ...................................................................................................................... 16 Introduction to the Erasmus+-project ................................................................................................... 18 Towards methodological conceptions of minority and language status, policy and rights - Krzysztof Lalik ........................................................................................................................................................ 21 The modern debate on minority and language rights ...................................................................... 22 Language status and policy ............................................................................................................... 29 Language policy ............................................................................................................................. 33 Endangered languages scales ........................................................................................................ 35 Legal protection of minority and language rights ............................................................................ -
Centre for Kurdish Studies
Centre for Kurdish Studies Centre for Kurdish Studies anks to Professor Michael M Gunter of Tennessee Technological University for permission to use this image. Living over a territory divided between Turkey, Iraq, Iran, Syria and the former Soviet Union, and with an active international diaspora, the Kurds are the largest stateless nation in the world, and the fourth largest ethnic group in the Middle East. They inhabit a strategic area, once a region of contact between the Ottoman, Persian and Russian empires, and later a contested border zone between modern nation-states. Although they are ethnically, linguistically, and culturally distinct from the majority populations of the nation-states where they live, they are often consigned to a peripheral role in Turkish, Arab or Iranian studies. Our focus on Kurdish Studies places the Kurds at the centre of our research and offers a chance to consider Kurdish society, culture and politics holistically in all its complexity and variation, across and within established nation- states and the global diaspora community. Exeter is the only British university to have developed a strong research focus in the field of Kurdish Studies. As such, we are the leading centre of research in the field in the UK, and one of the global centres of excellence. The Centre for Kurdish Studies has recently benefited from generous donations from the Ibrahim Ahmed Foundation, the Prime Minister’s Office of the Kurdistan Regional Government, and the President’s Office of Iraq. These gifts have enabled us to expand our staff base and our research and teaching activities. We now offer the following degrees: • PhD in Kurdish Studies A multi-discplinary programme covering Social Science, Political Science, and Humanities and Arts disciplines. -
Elî Teremaxî and the Vernacularization of Medrese Learning in Kurdistan
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Elî Teremaxî and the vernacularization of medrese learning in Kurdistan Leezenberg, M. DOI 10.1080/00210862.2014.934150 Publication date 2014 Document Version Final published version Published in Iranian Studies Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Leezenberg, M. (2014). Elî Teremaxî and the vernacularization of medrese learning in Kurdistan. Iranian Studies, 47(5), 713-734. https://doi.org/10.1080/00210862.2014.934150 General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl) Download date:28 Sep 2021 Iranian Studies, 2014 Vol. 47, No. 5, 713–733, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00210862.2014.934150 Michiel Leezenberg Elî Teremaxî and the Vernacularization of Medrese Learning in Kurdistan Eli Teremaxi’s Serfa Kurmancî has not yet received the critical attention it deserves. -
Istanbul Technical University Graduate School of Arts
ISTANBUL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES TRANSFORMATIONS OF KURDISH MUSIC IN SYRIA: SOCIAL AND POLITICAL FACTORS M.A. THESIS Hussain HAJJ Department of Musicology and Music Theory Musicology M.A. Programme JUNE 2018 ISTANBUL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES TRANSFORMATIONS OF KURDISH MUSIC IN SYRIA: SOCIAL AND POLITICAL FACTORS M.A. THESIS Hussain HAJJ (404141007) Department of Musicology and Music Theory Musicology Programme Thesis Advisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. F. Belma KURTİŞOĞLU JUNE 2018 İSTANBUL TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ SURİYE’DE KÜRT MÜZİĞİNİN DÖNÜŞÜMÜ: SOSYAL VE POLİTİK ETKENLER YÜKSEK LİSANS TEZİ Hussain HAJJ (404141007) Müzikoloji ve Müzik Teorisi Anabilim Dalı Müzikoloji Yüksek Lisans Programı Tez Danışmanı: Doç. Dr. F. Belma KURTİŞOĞLU HAZİRAN 2018 Date of Submission : 7 May 2018 Date of Defense : 4 June 2018 v vi To the memory of my father, to my dear mother and Neslihan Güngör; thanks for always being there for me. vii viii FOREWORD When I started studying Musicology, a musician friend from Syrian Kurds told me that I am leaving my seat as an active musician and starting a life of academic researches, and that he will make music and I will research the music he makes. It was really an interesting statement to me; it made me think of two things, the first one is the intention behind this statement, while the second was the attitude of Kurds, especially Kurd musicians, towards researchers and researching. As for the first thing, I felt that there was a problem, maybe a social or psychological, of the Kurdish people in general, and the musicians in particular. -
Henarek – Granatäpfelchen
HENAREK – GranATÄPFELCHEN Welat Şêrq ra Sonîk | Märchen aus dem Morgenland Zazaki | Deutsch Gesammelt und verfasst von Suphi Aydin HENAREK – GranATÄPFELCHEN Welat Şêrq ra Sonîk | Märchen aus dem Morgenland Zazaki | Deutsch Gesammelt und verfasst von Suphi Aydin HENAREK – GranATÄPFELCHEN Welat Şêrq ra Sonîk | Märchen aus dem Morgenland Zazaki | Deutsch Gesammelt und verfasst von Suphi Aydin Die Landeszentrale für politische Bildung ist Teil der Die Landeszentrale Hamburg arbeitet mit den Landes- Projektleitung/Redaktion: Abut Can Behörde für Schule und Berufsbildung der Freien und zentralen der anderen Bundesländer und der Bundes- Hansestadt Hamburg. Ein pluralistisch zusammenge- zentrale für politische Bildung zusammen. Unter der Gestaltung, Illustrationen und Landkarte: setzter Beirat sichert die Überparteilichkeit der Arbeit. gemeinsamen Internet-Adresse „www.hamburg.de/ Anat Frumkin und Michael Teßmer politische-bildung“ werden alle Angebote erfasst. Zu den Aufgaben der Landeszentrale gehören: Bildbearbeitung: Christian Mull • Herausgabe eigener Schriften Die Büroräume befinden sich in der Dammtorstraße 14, • Erwerb und Ausgabe von themengebundenen 20354 Hamburg; Ladeneingang Dammtorwall 1. Bildrechte: Publikationen Öffnungszeiten des Informationsladens: 123rf.com (Cover + S.3, 25, 27-31, 36-37, 38, 40-41, • Koordination und Förderung der politischen Montag bis Donnerstag: 12:30 Uhr bis17:00 Uhr 61, 65, 79, 81-89, 92-95, 96, 98-103, 127, 133) Bildungsarbeit Freitag: 12:30 Uhr bis 16:30 Uhr Milad Bagherzadeh (S.46, 108) • Beratung in Fragen politischer Bildung In den Hamburger Sommerschulferien: Fotolia.com (S.25, 36, 43, 48-51, 60-63, 79, 93, 104, • Zusammenarbeit mit Organisationen und Vereinen Montag bis Freitag: 12:00 Uhr bis 15:00 Uhr 110-113, 128-131) • Finanzielle Förderung von Veranstaltungen Telefon: (040) 4 28 23-48 08 Klaus Mehret (S. -
Lament of Ahmad Khani: a Study of the Historical Struggle of the Kurds for an Independent Kurdistan
Lament of Ahmad Khani: A Study of the Historical Struggle of the Kurds for an Independent Kurdistan Erik Novak Department of Political Science Villanova University The Kurdish poet Sheikmous Hasan, better known as Cigerxwin, wrote these words as part of his much larger work, Who Am I? while living in exile in Sweden. “I am the proud Kurd, the enemies’ enemy, the friend of peace-loving ones. I am of noble race, not wild as they claim. My mighty ancestors were free people. Like them I want to be free and that is why I fight, for the enemy won’t leave in peace and I don’t want to be forever oppressed.”1 Although Hasan, who died in 1984, was a modern voice for Kurdish nationalism, he is merely one of a chorus of Kurds reaching back centuries crying out for a free and independent Kurdish state, unofficially named Kurdistan. Although the concept of nationalism is common today, the cries of the Kurds for their own state reach back centuries, the first written example coming from the Kurdish poet Ahmad Khani in his national epic Mem-o-Zin in 1695. Mem-o-Zin actually predates the French Revolution of 1789, which is often thought to be the true beginning of the concept of a national state. Despite having conceived of nationalism for the Kurds nearly a century ahead of France and the rest of Western Europe, the Kurds lack a state of their own. What are the origins of Kurdish nationalist thought and how has it evolved over the years? To answer this question, we will track the evolution of Kurdish nationalist thought from its origins during the Ottoman Empire, 1 through World War I and up to the present by looking at the three successor states of the Ottoman Empire that contain the largest Kurdish populations: Turkey, Iran, and Iraq. -
Kurdistan Rising? Considerations for Kurds, Their Neighbors, and the Region
KURDISTAN RISING? CONSIDERATIONS FOR KURDS, THEIR NEIGHBORS, AND THE REGION Michael Rubin AMERICAN ENTERPRISE INSTITUTE Kurdistan Rising? Considerations for Kurds, Their Neighbors, and the Region Michael Rubin June 2016 American Enterprise Institute © 2016 by the American Enterprise Institute. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be used or reproduced in any man- ner whatsoever without permission in writing from the American Enterprise Institute except in the case of brief quotations embodied in news articles, critical articles, or reviews. The views expressed in the publications of the American Enterprise Institute are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the staff, advisory panels, officers, or trustees of AEI. American Enterprise Institute 1150 17th St. NW Washington, DC 20036 www.aei.org. Cover image: Grand Millennium Sualimani Hotel in Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, by Diyar Muhammed, Wikimedia Commons, Creative Commons. Contents Executive Summary 1 1. Who Are the Kurds? 5 2. Is This Kurdistan’s Moment? 19 3. What Do the Kurds Want? 27 4. What Form of Government Will Kurdistan Embrace? 56 5. Would Kurdistan Have a Viable Economy? 64 6. Would Kurdistan Be a State of Law? 91 7. What Services Would Kurdistan Provide Its Citizens? 101 8. Could Kurdistan Defend Itself Militarily and Diplomatically? 107 9. Does the United States Have a Coherent Kurdistan Policy? 119 Notes 125 Acknowledgments 137 About the Author 139 iii Executive Summary wo decades ago, most US officials would have been hard-pressed Tto place Kurdistan on a map, let alone consider Kurds as allies. Today, Kurds have largely won over Washington. -
Ë W½«“—U³Ã« W¹œdjã« Wãëbã«Ë
d−MOÂË w½«“—U³Ã« W¹œdJë WÃËbÃ«Ë œdÔJë …UÝQÄ åb¹b−²Ã« «uMÝò d−MO ÍdM¼ «dÂcÄ sÄ .bIð ö‡Ä œ«u‡ł w½U²ÝœdJë wMÞuë d9R*« fOz— ‡‡±‡‡ ‡‡±‡‡ Years of Renewal Tragedy of the Kurds By: Henry Kissinger Barzani, Kissinger and the Kurdish State Foreword By: Jawad Mella KNC P. O. Box 607 London NW8 0DT Tel: 020 8563 2881 Fax: 020 8563 8406 Mobile: 07768 266 005 Websites: www.knc.org.uk www.kncscandinavia.com WKA Palingswick House 241 King Street London W6 9LP Tel: 020 8748 7874 Fax: 020 8741 6436 E ‡‡ mails: [email protected] [email protected] ‡‡≤‡‡ ‡‡≤‡‡ ¡«b¼ù« ww½½ «« ““ —— UU ³³ Ãë« ff ¹¹ —— œœ «« ËË ww ½½ «« ““ —— UU ³³ Ãë« vv HH DD BB ÄÄ ss ¹¹ bb ÃÃUU )) «« vv ÃÃ≈≈ ww ½½ UU ²² ÝÝ œœ dd JJ Ãë« ww MM ÞÞ uu Ãë« dd 99 RR ** «« ¡¡ «« bb NN ýý ËË ÍÍ ËË «« dd II ŽŽ ee ¹¹ ee ŽŽ ‰‰ «« dd MM '' «« ss ÄÄ qq  «« —— UU ðð uu ÐÐ √√ ‚‚ «« ““ dd Ãë« bb ³³ ŽŽ ËË gg OO ÄÄ UU ÄÄ ‰‰ öö łł dd ³³ ¼¼ —— ËË œœ dd JJ Ãë« …… œœ UU II Ãë« ËË ¡¡ «« bb NN AA Ãë« ll OO LL łł ËË qq łł √√ ss ÄÄ «« uu KK {{ UU ½½ ss ¹¹ cc Ãë« ÊÊ UU ²² ÝÝ œœ dd  ‰‰ öö II ²² ÝÝ «« ËË œœ dd JJ Ãë« WW ¹¹ dd ŠŠ ww ½½ UU ²² ÝÝ œœ dd JJ Ãë« ww MM ÞÞ uu Ãë« dd 99 RR ** «« —— UU BB ½½ √√ vv ÃÃ≈≈ ËË WW ¹¹ «« —— ww FF «« —— ËË ÊÊ UU ²² ÝÝ œœ dd  ‰‰ öö II ²² ÝÝ «« ËË œœ dd JJ Ãë« WW ¹¹ dd ŠŠ ÊÊ UU ÄÄ ““ ËË ÊÊ UU JJ ÄÄ qq  ww ‡‡≥‡‡ ‡‡≥‡‡ ‡‡¥‡‡ ‡‡¥‡‡ W¹œdJë WÃËbÃ«Ë d−MOÂË w½«“—U³Ã« WO¹—Uð W; W???O???¹—Uð W??O???HK?š vÃ≈ ‚dD²?ë sÄ bÐô Ÿu???{u*« w ¡b???³Ã« q³???Á U?N²1e¼ dŁ≈ W?O½U?L¦?Fë W¹—uÞ«d³?Äô« —U?ON½« b?F³? ¨U?NMÄ bÐ ô …dB?²?Ä 5O?½UD¹d???³Ã« s?¹d???B???²M*« oŠ s?Ä `³???√ vÃË_« -
A Study of European, Persian, and Arabic Loans in Standard Sorani
A Study of European, Persian, and Arabic Loans in Standard Sorani Jafar Hasanpoor Doctoral dissertation for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Iranian languages presented at Uppsala University 1999. ABSTRACT Hasanpoor, J. 1999: A Study of European, Persian and Arabic Loans in Standard Sorani. Reports on Asian and African Studies (RAAS) 1. XX pp. Uppsala. ISBN 91-506-1353-7. This dissertation examines processes of lexical borrowing in the Sorani standard of the Kurdish language, spoken in Iraq, Iran, and the Kurdish diaspora. Borrowing, a form of language contact, occurs on all levels of language structure. In the pre-standard literary Kurdish (Kirmanci and Sorani) which emerged in the pre-modern period, borrowing from Arabic and Persian was a means of developing a distinct literary and linguistic tradition. By contrast, in standard Sorani and Kirmanci, borrowing from the state languages, Arabic, Persian, and Turkish, is treated as a form of domination, a threat to the language, character, culture, and national distinctness of the Kurdish nation. The response to borrowing is purification through coinage, internal borrowing, and other means of extending the lexical resources of the language. As a subordinate language, Sorani is subjected to varying degrees of linguistic repression, and this has not allowed it to develop freely. Since Sorani speakers have been educated only in Persian (Iran), or predominantly in Arabic, European loans in Sorani are generally indirect borrowings from Persian and Arabic (Iraq). These loans constitute a major source for lexical modernisation. The study provides wordlists of European loanwords used by Hêmin and other codifiers of Sorani. -
IRIS:KAS Report
The Failure of Reconstruction in Mosul: Root Causes from 2003 to the Post-ISIS Period Zmkan Ali Saleem & Mac Skelton IRIS Policy Report 0 (Modified Reprint) The Failure of Reconstruction in Mosul: Root Causes from 2003 to the Post-ISIS Period **This reprint (released June 10, 2020) is a modified and updated excerpt of an October 2019 IRIS/KAS publication entitled “Mosul and Basra after the Protests: The Roots of Government Failure and Popular Discontent.”** The Institute of Regional and International Studies (IRIS) is a policy research center based at the American University of Iraq, Sulaimani (AUIS). Through multidisciplinary research, training programs, and policy forums, IRIS addresses the most complex issues facing Iraq and the Middle East. The Institute is funded through grants from donor institutions and countries. Recently IRIS has partnered with the United Nations Assistance Mission in Iraq, London School of Economics, the Konrad Adenauer Stiftung, & Chatham House on a variety of programs and research projects. The Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS) is a German political foundation whose civic education programs aim at promoting freedom and liberty, peace and justice. The KAS ` Syria/Iraq Office deals with the political and social situation in both countries, questions regarding the stability of the region, the refugee situation and security implications sdfgsdfg arising from the Syrian civil war and the emergence of the Islamic State. In addition to strengthening political dialogue within the region and between Europe and the Middle East, KAS work focuses on reconciliation and civil society support, good governance and rule of law, as well as research and analysis. -
ABSTRACT SARAH MARIE CARUANA the Legacy of Mullah Mustafa Barzani
ABSTRACT SARAH MARIE CARUANA The Legacy of Mullah Mustafa Barzani (Under the Direction of DR. ADAM SABRA) This paper attempts to answer the question of the quality of Kurdish leaders’ discernment in predicting, interpreting, and responding to American foreign policy from the end of World War II until the collapse of the Barzani-led revolt in 1975. The goal of this paper is to establish the geopolitical and personal reasons for Kurdish misinterpretations of U.S. Foreign policy from 1945 to 1975. Specifically, the decision-making of long-time Kurdish leader Mullah Mustafa Barzani will be examined to reveal how both personal and wider socio-political interpretations of U.S. foreign policy led Barzani to make decisions that compromised the livelihoods of Iraqi Kurds. What were Barzani’s options? Were his mistakes avoidable? INDEX WORDS: Kurds, Iraqi Kurdistan, Mullah Mustafa Barzani, U.S. Foreign Policy, Cold War, Iran, Mahabad Republic THE LEGACY OF MULLAH MUSTAFA BARZANI by SARAH MARIE CARUANA A Thesis Submitted to the Honors Council of the University of Georgia in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree BACHELOR OF ARTS in HISTORY with HIGHEST HONORS Athens, Georgia 2010 © 2010 Sarah Marie Caruana All Rights Reserved THE LEGACY OF MULLAH MUSTAFA BARZANI by SARAH MARIE CARUANA Approved: Dr. Adam Sabra________ __April 30, 2010____ Dr. Adam Sabra Date Faculty Research Mentor Approved: Dr. Timothy Cleaveland __ __April 30, 2010____ Dr. Timothy Cleaveland Date Reader Approved: Dr. David S. Williams ____ _ May 7, 2010____ Dr. David S. Williams Date Director, Honors Program Approved: Dr. Pamela B. Kleiber ____ _ May 7, 2010____ Dr. -
Iraqi- Iranian Relations During American Invasion Of
IRAQI- IRANIAN RELATIONS DURING AMERICAN INVASION OF IRAQ 2003-2011 A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES OF NEAR EAST UNIVERSITY By DILDAR IBRAHIM ABDULLAH In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for The Degree of Master of Arts in History Education NICOSIA, 2016 i Acknowledgements I would like to thank my supervisor (Dr. Pervin Yigit) for her steadfast support and mentorship throughout this project and through my time in Cyprus. Also I thank my friends, family, and colleagues for supporting me. Most of all I thank my wife, Shermin, for her love and encouragement. ii Iraqi-Iranian Relations during American Occupation of Iraq 2003-2011 Prepared by: Dildar Ibrahim Abdullah Supervisor: Dr. PervinYigit Abstract The collapse of Saddam Hussein’s regime in 2003 is one of the most significant events in the history of Iran-Iraq relations. However, during the Iran-Iraq War in the 1980’s, there was a conflict between Iraq and Iran for eight years. The hostility was continued during the following decade between Iran and Iraq, and then they developed its close relationship with each other. On the other hand, when the Saddam Hussein’s regime was collapsed by coalition forces on April 9, 2003, the opportunity was appeared for Shi’ites and Kurds to take power for the first time in Iraq during eighty decades. In addition, the Ba’athists had been struggled by the Shi’ites and Kurds in order to get power and leadership in the new Iraq. Thus, Iran’s Iraqi allies were able to fill the space of Baghdad’s power by elections and using force.