The Price of War
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Annotated List of Works Cited Primary Sources Newspapers “Apollo 11 se Vraci na Zemi.” Rude Pravo [Czechoslovakia] 22 July 1969. 1. Print. This was helpful for us because it showed how the U.S. wasn’t the only ones effected by this event. This added more to our project so we had views from outside the US. Barbuor, John. “Alunizaron, Bajaron, Caminaron, Trabajaron: Proeza Lograda.” Excelsior [Mexico] 21 July 1969. 1. Print. The front page of this newspaper was extremely helpful to our project because we used it to see how this event impacted the whole world not just America. Beloff, Nora. “The Space Race: Experts Not Keen on Getting a Man on the Moon.” Age [Melbourne] 24 April 1962. 2. Print. This was an incredibly important article to use in out presentation so that we could see different opinions. This article talked about how some people did not want to go to the moon; we didn’t find many articles like this one. In most everything we have read it talks about the advantages of going to the moon. This is why this article was so unique and important. Canadian Press. “Half-billion Watch the Moon Spectacular.” Gazette [Montreal] 21 July 1969. 4. Print. This source gave us a clear idea about how big this event really was, not only was it a big deal in America, but everywhere else in the world. This article told how Russia and China didn’t have TV’s so they had to find other ways to hear about this event like listening to the radio. -
MTGC] Constraining Spacetime Torsion with the Moon and Mercury Theoretical Predictions and Experimental Limits on New Gravitational Physics
Constraining Spacetime Torsion with Lunar Laser Ranging, Mercury Radar Ranging, LAGEOS, next lunar surface missions and BepiColombo Riccardo March1,3, Giovanni Belletini2,3, Roberto Tauraso2,3, Simone Dell’Agnello3,* 1 Istituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo (IAC), CNR, Via dei Taurini 19, 00185 Roma, Italy 2 Dipart. di Matematica, Univ. di Roma “Tor Vergata”, via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy 3 Italian National Institute for Nuclear Physics, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati (INFN-LNF), Via Enrico Fermi 40, Frascati (Rome), 00044, Italy 17th International Laser Workshop on Laser Ranging - Bad Koetzting, Germany, May 16-20, 2011 * Presented by S. Dell’Agnello Outline • Introduction • Spacetime torsion predictions • Constraints with Moon and Mercury • Constraints with the LAser GEOdynamics Satellite (LAGEOS) • LLR prospects and opportunities • Conclusions • In the spare slides: further reference material • See also talk of Claudio Cantone (ETRUSCO-2), talk and poster by Alessandro Boni (LAGEOS Sector, Hollow reflector) and, especially, the talk of Doug Currie (LLR for the 21st century) 17th Workshop on Laser Ranging. Germany May 16, 2011 R. March, G. Bellettini, R. Tauraso, S. Dell’Agnello 2 INFN (brief and partial overview) • INFN; public research institute – Main mission: study of fundamental forces (including gravity), particle, nuclear and astroparticle physics and of its technological and industrial applications (SLR, LLR, GNSS, space geodesy…) • Prominent participation in major astroparticle physics missions: – FERMI, PAMELA, AGILE (all launched) – AMS-02, to be launched by STS-134 Endeavor to the International Space Station (ISS) on May 16, 2011 • VIRGO, gravitational wave interferometer (teamed up with LIGO) • …. More, see http://www.infn.it 17th Workshop on Laser Ranging. -
From the Editor
FROM THE EDITOR he fIrst thing I did when we click away on the computer keys, arrived home from vacation he spins around on his activity wheel Tthe other day was to look in and we both savor the classical music the den. from the stereo in the background. "The rat is still alive," I whispered At least, I think I saw him smile the to Kate, my wife. other day. "The rat" is Marvin, our 2-year- A few months ago, a French old pet hamster. Marvin joined our cable TV crew came to our house family two years ago. I was out of to document the life of a part-time town at a professional conference telecommuter. While most ofthe when Maggie, then 2, and Casey, then report focused on me typing away at 5, talked Kate into the purchase. the computer, there were fIve bizarre Casey was allowed to name the seconds of Marvin spinning around On the cover: With such rodent; she still can't explain where on his wheel. huge exposure in more than 120 countries, HP is turning she came up with the name. The analogy was eerie. the corner on sponsorships As animals go, hamsters rank right Sadly, while 2 is an extremely for many diverse sports up there with turtles and goldfIsh as young age for most ofus, it's typically teams. Team Jordan's Rubens Barrichello is shown low-maintenance pets. A little water, a lifetime for hamsters. So Kate and turning hard enough to get some hamster food and a spinning I are preparing to explain the eventu daylight under a tire of his activity wheel will keep a hamster ality of death to Casey and Maggie. -
Nagy Commentary on Euripides, Herakles
Informal Commentary on Euripides, Herakles by Gregory Nagy 97 The idea of returning from Hades implies a return from death 109f The mourning swan... Cf. the theme of the swansong. Cf. 692ff. 113 “The phantom of a dream”: cf. skias onar in Pindar Pythian 8. 131f “their father’s spirit flashing from their eyes”: beautiful rendition! 145f Herakles’ hoped-for return from Hades is equated with a return from death, with resurrection; see 297, where this theme becomes even more overt; also 427ff. 150 Herakles as the aristos man: not that he is regularly described in this drama as the best of all humans, not only of the “Greeks” (also at 183, 209). See also the note on 1306. 160 The description of the bow as “a coward’s weapon” is relevant to the Odysseus theme in the Odyssey 203 sôzein to sôma ‘save the body’... This expression seems traditional: if so, it may support the argument of some linguists that sôma ‘body’ is derived from sôzô ‘save’. By metonymy, the process of saving may extend to the organism that is destined to be saved. 270 The use of kleos in the wording of the chorus seems to refer to the name of Herakles; similarly in the wording of Megara at 288 and 290. Compare the notes on 1334 and 1369. 297 See at 145f above. Cf. the theme of Herakles’ wrestling with Thanatos in Euripides Alcestis. 342ff Note the god-hero antagonism as expressed by Amphitryon. His claim that he was superior to Zeus in aretê brings out the meaning of ‘striving’ in aretê (as a nomen actionis derived from arnumai; cf. -
Hesiod Theogony.Pdf
Hesiod (8th or 7th c. BC, composed in Greek) The Homeric epics, the Iliad and the Odyssey, are probably slightly earlier than Hesiod’s two surviving poems, the Works and Days and the Theogony. Yet in many ways Hesiod is the more important author for the study of Greek mythology. While Homer treats cer- tain aspects of the saga of the Trojan War, he makes no attempt at treating myth more generally. He often includes short digressions and tantalizes us with hints of a broader tra- dition, but much of this remains obscure. Hesiod, by contrast, sought in his Theogony to give a connected account of the creation of the universe. For the study of myth he is im- portant precisely because his is the oldest surviving attempt to treat systematically the mythical tradition from the first gods down to the great heroes. Also unlike the legendary Homer, Hesiod is for us an historical figure and a real per- sonality. His Works and Days contains a great deal of autobiographical information, in- cluding his birthplace (Ascra in Boiotia), where his father had come from (Cyme in Asia Minor), and the name of his brother (Perses), with whom he had a dispute that was the inspiration for composing the Works and Days. His exact date cannot be determined with precision, but there is general agreement that he lived in the 8th century or perhaps the early 7th century BC. His life, therefore, was approximately contemporaneous with the beginning of alphabetic writing in the Greek world. Although we do not know whether Hesiod himself employed this new invention in composing his poems, we can be certain that it was soon used to record and pass them on. -
1 Divine Intervention and Disguise in Homer's Iliad Senior Thesis
Divine Intervention and Disguise in Homer’s Iliad Senior Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the Undergraduate School of Arts and Sciences Brandeis University Undergraduate Program in Classical Studies Professor Joel Christensen, Advisor In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Arts By Joana Jankulla May 2018 Copyright by Joana Jankulla 1 Copyright by Joana Jankulla © 2018 2 Acknowledgements First and foremost, I would like to thank my advisor, Professor Joel Christensen. Thank you, Professor Christensen for guiding me through this process, expressing confidence in me, and being available whenever I had any questions or concerns. I would not have been able to complete this work without you. Secondly, I would like to thank Professor Ann Olga Koloski-Ostrow and Professor Cheryl Walker for reading my thesis and providing me with feedback. The Classics Department at Brandeis University has been an instrumental part of my growth in my four years as an undergraduate, and I am eternally thankful to all the professors and staff members in the department. Thank you to my friends, specifically Erica Theroux, Sarah Jousset, Anna Craven, Rachel Goldstein, Taylor McKinnon and Georgie Contreras for providing me with a lot of emotional support this year. I hope you all know how grateful I am for you as friends and how much I have appreciated your love this year. Thank you to my mom for FaceTiming me every time I was stressed about completing my thesis and encouraging me every step of the way. Finally, thank you to Ian Leeds for dropping everything and coming to me each time I needed it. -
ESA Bulletin February 2003
SMART-1/2 3/3/03 3:56 PM Page 14 Science A Solar-Powered Visit to the Moon “As the first spacecraft to use primary electric propulsion in conjunction with gravity manoeuvres,and as Europe’s first mission to the Moon, SMART-1 opens up new horizons in space engineering and scientific discovery.Moreover,we promise frequent news and pictures,so that everyone can share in our lunar adventure.” Giuseppe Racca, ESA’s Smart-1 Project Manager. 14 SMART-1/2 3/3/03 3:56 PM Page 15 SMART-1 The SMART-1 Mission Giuseppe Racca, Bernard Foing, and the SMART-1 Project Team ESA Directorate of Scientific Programmes, ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands y July 2003 a hitchhiking team of engineers and scientists will be at Europe’s spaceport at Kourou in French Guiana, thumbing Ba lift for a neat little spacecraft, ESA’s SMART-1, on the next Ariane-5 launcher that has room to spare. It’s not very big - just a box a metre wide with folded solar panels attached - and six strong men could lift it. It weighs less than 370 kilograms, compared with thousands of kilos for Ariane’s usual customers’satellites. So it should pose no problems as an auxiliary passenger. SMART stands for Small Missions for Advanced Research in Technology. They pave the way for the novel and ambitious science projects of the future, by testing the new technologies that will be needed. But a SMART project is also required to be cheap - about one- fifth of the cost of a major science mission for ESA - which is why SMART-1 has no launcher of its own. -
In Situ Observations of the Preexisting Auroral Arc by THEMIS All Sky Imagers and the FAST Spacecraft
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 117, A05211, doi:10.1029/2011JA017128, 2012 In situ observations of the “preexisting auroral arc” by THEMIS all sky imagers and the FAST spacecraft Feifei Jiang,1 Robert J. Strangeway,1 Margaret G. Kivelson,1,2 James M. Weygand,1 Raymond J. Walker,1 Krishan K. Khurana,1 Yukitoshi Nishimura,3 Vassilis Angelopoulos,1 and Eric Donovan4 Received 6 September 2011; revised 25 January 2012; accepted 6 March 2012; published 5 May 2012. [1] Auroral substorms were first described more than 40 years ago, and their atmospheric and magnetospheric signatures have been investigated extensively. However, because magnetic mapping from the ionosphere to the equator is uncertain especially during active times, the magnetospheric source regions of the substorm-associated features in the upper atmosphere remain poorly understood. In optical images, auroral substorms always involve brightening followed by poleward expansion of a discrete auroral arc. The arc that brightens is usually the most equatorward of several auroral arcs that remain quiescent for 30 min or more before the break-up commences. In order to identify the magnetospheric region that is magnetically conjugate to this preexisting arc, we combine auroral images from ground-based imagers, magnetic field and particle data from low-altitude spacecraft, and maps of field-aligned currents based on ground magnetometer arrays. We surveyed data from the THEMIS all sky imager (ASI) array and the FAST spacecraft from 2007 to April 2009 and obtained 5 events in which the low altitude FAST spacecraft crossed magnetic flux tubes linked to a preexisting auroral arc imaged by THEMIS ASI prior to substorm onset. -
Next-Generation Laser Retroreflectors for Precision Tests of General
UNIVERSITA` DEGLI STUDI “ROMA TRE” DOTTORATO DI RICERCA IN FISICA XXVIII CICLO Next-generation Laser Retroreflectors for Precision Tests of General Relativity Relazione sull’attivit`adi Dottorato di Manuele Martini Relatore Interno: Prof. Aldo Altamore Relatore Esterno: Dr. Simone Dell’Agnello, LNF-INFN Coordinatore: Prof. Roberto Raimondi Anno Accademico 2015/2016 Alla mia famiglia... Contents List of Acronyms v Preface vii Why this work at LNF-INFN . vii Whatmycontributionis ............................ viii Workinthefieldofoptics ........................ ix Industrial & quality assurance . ix Physics analysis . x 1 Satellite/Lunar Laser Ranging 1 1.1 The ILRS . 2 1.2 Howitworks ............................... 4 1.3 Corner Cube Retroreflectors . 6 1.3.1 Apollo & Lunokhod Corner Cube Retroreflector (CCR) . 8 2GeneralRelativitytests 11 2.1 TestsoriginallyproposedbyEinstein . 11 2.1.1 Mercury perihelion precession . 11 2.1.2 Deflection of light . 12 2.1.3 Gravitational redshift . 18 i 2.1.4 Shapirotimedelay ........................ 20 2.2 ParametrizedPost-Newtonianformalism . 20 3 The SCF Lab 23 3.1 SCF-GCryostat.............................. 25 3.2 Vacuum & Cryogenic System . 27 3.3 Control and acquisition electronics . 30 3.4 Solar Simulator . 33 3.5 IR Thermacam . 36 3.6 Optical layout . 40 3.6.1 Angularcalibration . 42 4 The MoonLIGHT-2 experiment 45 4.1 MoonLIGHT-ILN............................. 46 4.2 MoonLIGHT-2payload. 49 4.2.1 Optical modeling . 49 4.3 Structural design . 55 4.3.1 Sunshade vs sunshade-less . 58 4.3.2 Falcon-9 test . 61 4.3.3 Actual Moon Laser Instrumentation for General relativity High accuracyTests(MoonLIGHT)-2design . 65 4.4 INRRI................................... 65 5 The SCF-TEST 69 5.1 The MoonLIGHT-2 SCF-TESTs: general description . -
Magnetospheric Signatures of STEVE
RESEARCH LETTER Magnetospheric Signatures of STEVE: Implications 10.1029/2019GL082460 for the Magnetospheric Energy Source and Key Points: • Magnetosphere observations show Interhemispheric Conjugacy that STEVE corresponds to SAID, Y. Nishimura1,2 , B. Gallardo‐Lacourt3 , Y. Zou4,5 , E. Mishin6 , D. J. Knudsen3 , plasmapause, structured plasma 3 7 8 boundaries, and waves in the E. F. Donovan , V. Angelopoulos , and R. Raybell magnetosphere 1 • The picket fence is driven by Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Center for Space Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA, electron precipitation; the red arc is 2Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA, 3Department of fl driven by heat ux or frictional Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, 4Department of Astronomy and Center for Space heating Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA, 5Cooperative Programs for the Advancement of Earth System Science, • Simultaneous conjugate 6 observations show that part of University Corporation for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA, Space Vehicles Directorate, Air Force Research STEVE has interhemispheric Laboratory, Kirtland AFB, Albuquerque, NM, USA, 7Department of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of conjugacy California, Los Angeles, CA, USA, 8Citizen scientist, Seattle, WA, USA Abstract We present three STEVE (strong thermal emission velocity enhancement) events in Correspondence to: Y. Nishimura, conjunction with Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions (THEMIS) in the magnetosphere [email protected] and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) and Swarm in the ionosphere, for determining equatorial and interhemispheric signatures of the STEVE purple/mauve arc and picket fence. Both types of Citation: STEVE emissions are associated with subauroral ion drifts (SAID), electron heating, and plasma waves. -
The Evolution of the JPL/NASA Iris Cubesat DSN Compatible
Jet Propulsion Laboratory The Evolution of the JPL/NASA California Institute of Technology Iris CubeSat DSN Compatible Transponder 8th ESA International Workshop on Tracking, Telemetry and Command Systems for Space Darmstadt, Germany September 25th, 2019 Presenter: Mazen Shihabi Contributors: Courtney Duncan, Michael Kobayashi, and Sarah Holmes Jet Propulsion Laboratory at the California Institute of Technology Copyright ©2019 California Institute of Technology. Government Sponsorship Acknowledged. Jet Propulsion Laboratory Outline California Institute of Technology • History of Iris – V 1.0 (INSPIRE Version) – V 2.0 (MarCO Version) – V 2.1 (Artemis -1 “formerly EM-1” Version) • Design, Specifications, Modes and Performance – Hardware, Firmware, and Software – Manufacturing and Testing – Modes – Performance: Downlink, Uplink, SSPA and LNA • Missions used/using Iris – INSPIRE, MarCOs & Artemis-1 (formerly EM-1) • Additional Features being Infused and Future Enhancements Copyright ©2019 California Institute of Technology. Government Sponsorship Acknowledged. 2 Jet Propulsion Laboratory What is in the name Iris (Iρις) California Institute of Technology • Not an acronym • Iris – a goddess associated with communication, messages, the rainbow and new endeavors • “Little Sister” to Electra – Electra is a JPL SDR UHF Relay Radio. • Cousin of Cassandra (Cassy) The Iris: an Illuminated Souvenir (1852), upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/49/1852_Iri – Ground Support Equipment (GSE) s_Illuminated_Souvenir.png. Public Domain that is used for testing Iris 3 Copyright ©2019 California Institute of Technology. Government Sponsorship Acknowledged. Jet Propulsion Laboratory Iris Transponder Evolution History California Institute of Technology • Iris V1.0: To extend CubeSat/SmallSat 10.1 x 10.1 x 4.5 cm deep space capability, JPL introduced the Interplanetary NanoSpacecraft Pathfinder In Relevant Environment (INSPIRE) mission1, coupled with the first-generation of Iris deep-space Iris V1.0 Stack transponder2. -
Scrolls of Love Ruth and the Song of Songs Scrolls of Love
Edited by Peter S. Hawkins and Lesleigh Cushing Stahlberg Scrolls of Love ruth and the song of songs Scrolls of Love ................. 16151$ $$FM 10-13-06 10:48:57 PS PAGE i ................. 16151$ $$FM 10-13-06 10:48:57 PS PAGE ii Scrolls of Love reading ruth and the song of songs Edited by Peter S. Hawkins and Lesleigh Cushing Stahlberg FORDHAM UNIVERSITY PRESS New York / 2006 ................. 16151$ $$FM 10-13-06 10:49:01 PS PAGE iii Copyright ᭧ 2006 Fordham University Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means—electronic, me- chanical, photocopy, recording, or any other—except for brief quotations in printed reviews, without the prior permission of the publisher. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Scrolls of love : reading Ruth and the Song of songs / edited by Peter S. Hawkins and Lesleigh Cushing Stahlberg.—1st ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-0-8232-2571-2 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN-10: 0-8232-2571-2 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN-13: 978-0-8232-2526-2 (pbk. : alk. paper) ISBN-10: 0-8232-2526-7 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Bible. O.T. Ruth—Criticism interpretation, etc. 2. Bible. O.T. Song of Solomon—Criticism, interpretation, etc. I. Hawkins, Peter S. II. Stahlberg, Lesleigh Cushing. BS1315.52.S37 2006 222Ј.3506—dc22 2006029474 Printed in the United States of America 08 07 06 5 4 3 2 1 First edition ................. 16151$ $$FM 10-13-06 10:49:01 PS PAGE iv For John Clayton (1943–2003), mentor and friend ................