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Mexican Botany Act Print ISSN 0187-7151 Mexican botany Act Print ISSN 0187-7151 Act. Bot. Mex No.91 April Patzcuaro. 2010 Articles Taxonomic revision of Agave potatorum Zucc complex. (Agavaceae): new taxa and neotipificación Taxonomic review of the Agave potatorum Zucc. (Agavaceae) complex: new taxa and neotypification Joshua Abisai Garcia-Mendoza National Autonomous University of Mexico, Botanical Garden, Institute of Biology, Apdo. Postal 70-614, 04510 Mexico, DF Mexico. [email protected] Received in May 2009 Accepted in February 2010 SUMMARY Agave taxonomic potatorum complex belonging to the group is reviewed Hiemiflorae are described and illustrated two new taxa to science. Agave nussaviorum and A. nussaviorum subsp. deltoidea the state of Oaxaca. The new species is compared with Agave seemanniana Jacobi and A. potatorum Zucc. Information on distribution, uses, phenology and a key to the separation of the taxa provided. Keywords: Agavaceae, Agave nussaviorum, potatorum Agave, Mexico, Oaxaca. ABSTRACT The Agave potatorum complex, of group Hiemiflorae, is revised. Two new taxa from Oaxaca, Agave nussaviorum and A. nussaviorum subsp. deltoidea, are Described and illustrated. The new species is Agave seemanniana Mexican botany Act - Taxonomic review of Agave potatorum Zucc complex. (Agavaceae): new taxa and neotipificación Compared With Jacobi and A. potatorum Zucc. ITS Information Concerning distribution, ethnobotany, and phenology, and an identification key to the taxa of the complex are provided. Key words: Agavaceae, Agave nussaviorum, potatorum Agave, Mexico, Oaxaca. During the preparation of taxonomic tried Agave (Agavaceae) for the Flora of the Tehuacan Valley-Cuicatlán, it was considered necessary to address the delimitation of Agave potatorum complex. The species belongs to Hiemiflorae group (Gentry, 1982) characterized by having leaves ovate to broadly lanceolate, blue-green, with serrated margin to racemosa paniculate inflorescence, flowers grouped in umbels, sometimes congested, densely bracteolate, tépalos longer than the inserted tube and half filaments or above the tube. Plants usually without suckers and preferably reproduction by seed. The Hiemiflorae group contains 13 species distributed in southern Mexico (Puebla and Veracruz) to Nicaragua. Agave potatorum was described by Zuccarini in 1832, from Mexico shipped by Karwinski and cultivated in the Botanical Garden of Munich plant. Subsequently, Zuccarini (1833) provided information on the growth habit, leaf measures, shape, size of the teeth and inflorescence branching (according to Karwinski). The area of origin of the species is not known; Zuccarini mentions "Crescit in Mexican empire '", although it is highly likely to have been collected near Tehuacan, Puebla, since it was published along with two other agaves the same valley: Agave macroacantha Zuce, and A. karwinskii Zucc. Then more they related to the same species names, some with pictures, but all based on cultivated plants in various European gardens were published. Gentry (1982) met under Agave potatorum a highly variable number of plants growing in the states of Oaxaca and Puebla; therefore, finding that correlated morphological characters of consistently applied a broad concept for the species. The aforementioned author studied wild populations of Agave potatorum broad sense, that collected in 1952, 1963, 1965, 1967 and 1976 seasons in which he herborizó 13 copies with their duplicates. These collections, coupled with another 18 more, deposited in herbaria DES, ILL, MEXU, MICH, MO and US, were not enough to taxonomically define the observed entities, which prevented him segregate taxa at specific level or subspecific. After work Gentry numerous field trips to observe plants in their habitats were carried herborizar a greater number of copies and ex situ specimens grown in the Botanical Garden of the Institute of Biology of the National Autonomous University of Mexico, to assess its behavior and rule out possible morphological plasticity. Finally, it was concluded that these are three different species. In this article a new taxonomic delimitation of Agave potatorum proposed, are described and illustrated a new species and a new subspecies for science and is considered necessary to relocate some specimens of A. potatorum cited by Gentry (1982), now considered within A. nussaviorum or A. seemanniana. The type of Agave potatorum was never formally elected. Gentry (1982) mentions that in 1969 found two specimens in the herbarium of Munich (M), which are only part of the inflorescence. The oldest, "1867, Hortus Monacensis" represents a small form with short side branches, similar to that observed by said author. The other copy "03/07/79, HbM" is a longer inflorescence, side stalk 8 cm long. Gentry believes that "Since These specimens date from 33 and 46 years after the publication of Zuccarini's species, types as Their suitability is doubtful. However, neotypes They can be Regarded as". Gentry did not choose the neotipo formally, so we preferred to propose a new nomenclatural type to support adequately the name. Zuce potatorum Agave Plant 15: 2 (Beiblatt 2): 96. 1832. Agave Karw artichoke. exSalm-Dyck, Hort. Dyck Agave .: 307 1834. elegans hort. ex Salm-Dyck, Bonplandia 7: 89. 1859. Agave latifolia hort. ex Salm-Dyck, Bonplandia 7: 89. 1859. Agave pulchra hort. ex Salm-Dyck, Bonplandia 7: 89. 1859. Agave saundersii Hook.f., Bot. Mag. 91. t. 5493. 1865. Agave verschaffeltii Lem. ex Jacobi, Hamburger Garten-Blumenzeitung 21: 122. 1865. Agave A. polymorpha var scolymus. Terrace, Prim. Contr. Monogr. Agave, p. 38. 1885. Agave potatorum var. Verschaffeltii (Lem. Ex Jacobi) A.Berger, Die Agaven. p.186. 1915. Fig. 1 . Mexican botany Act - Taxonomic review of Agave potatorum Zucc complex. (Agavaceae): new taxa and neotipificación Perennials, solitary, stemless, rarely stoloniferous 1-3 tillers; compact rosettes, 30-50 cm high, 40-60 cm diameter. Leaves 30-60 (400) per plant, 15-35 cm long, (5-) 8-10 cm wide, ovate, oblong or lanceolate, succulent, erect, flexible to rigid, flat or somewhat concave towards the apex, thickened toward the base, glaucous green-glaucous; sinuate to crenate margin, nipples 4-7 (-10) mm high; teeth of the middle, 4-6 (-12) mm long, 4-6 (-8) mm wide, retrorse, antrorsos or straight, brown to gray, separated by 1-3 cm; thorn 3-4 cm long, 0.4-0.7 cm wide, straight or winding, acute, broadly grooved to flat in the beam, decurrente by less than 1 cm, brown to gray. Inflorescence 3-5 (-6) m high, fertile portion in the middle or upper third, paniculata, open, with (7-) 11-25 primary branches 10-30 cm long, separated by 15-30 cm, to sometimes secondary branches 0.5-4 cm long; green to reddish-brown stalk, bract peduncle 12-20 cm long, 3.5-4 cm wide at the base, triangular, chartaceous, with Mexican botany Act - Taxonomic review of Agave potatorum Zucc complex. (Agavaceae): new taxa and neotipificación some little teeth on the margin, spine 0.5-2.5 cm long, 0.7-1 cm wide, brown -rojiza; bracts of primary branches 5-8 cm long, 2-5 cm wide, ovate, amplexicaules. Flowers (15-) 20-40 per umbel, (5-) 5.5-7 cm long, campanulate to something urceoladas, succulent, yellow-green with purple or red dyes, green ovary; pedicels 1-1.5 cm long; ovary 2.5-3 cm long, 4-6 mm wide, cylindrical to slightly triquetrous, neck 2-3 (-5) mm long, tube (1) 1.3-1.6 cm long (0.8-) 1.3-1.8 cm diameter the distal portion, sulcate; tépalos 1.2-1.5 (-2) cm long, 3-6 mm wide, triangular or oblong, erect, thick, external 1-2 mm longer than domestic, involute margin, apex cucullate hard, the keel- shaped internal; filaments 3-4 (-4.5) cm long, flattened adaxially, inserted in the middle or third quarter of the tube top, beige, sometimes with purple tints, anthers 1.5-2.5 cm long, 2-3 mm wide, straight, versatile, yellowish; Style 5.5-6 cm long, stigma clavate, lobed. Capsules (3.5-) 4-6 cm long, 1.5-2 cm wide, oblong, stipitate, rostrate. Seeds 5-6 mm long, 4-5 mm wide, lunulares, with a barely perceptible wing, flat, black. Kind. Mexico, Puebla: 4-10 miles SW of Tehuacan along road to Zapotitlán, 5600-6000 feet (1700-1800 m), arid thorn forest over limestone hills, August 1963, HS Gentry, A. & J. Arguelles Barclay 20427 (neotipo , here designated: MEXU !; isoneotipos: ARIZ !, US)!. Specimens examined. Mexico, OAXACA City Center: Cerro El Barrio (El Rosario) San Antonio, C. Conzatti et al. 4099 (MEXU, US); Monte Alban, A. Ramirez Laguna sn (MEXU); San Felipe, near City of Oaxaca, JN Rose and W. Hough 4592 (US) Coixtlahuaca District. 7 km SW of Calapa bridge Tepelmeme municipality of Villa de Morelos, A. Garcia-Mendoza and E. Solano 7256, 7257 (MEXU, MO); 3 km S of El Rodeo, A. Garcia-Mendoza et al. 7525 (MEXU); Otate Canyon, SW of Hijadero Aria, P. Tenorio et al. 17103 (MEXU); Maguey hill to W San Antonio Abad, road to La Mexicana, municipality of Santiago Ihuitlán Pens, P. Tenorio 17539 (MEXU) Cuicatlán District: 2 km in a straight line to the northeast of San Juan Tonaltepec, municipality of Santiago Nacaltepec, G and G Juarez Cruz CA 669 (MEXU); Chico River Canyon, Cuicatlán E, F. Miranda 4619 (MEXU) Etla District. Long Earth, limits with San Juan del Estado, CA Cruz et al. 1815 (MEXU); 1 km to the north of the turnoff to the silks, A. Garcia- Mendoza 5704 (MEXU); same locality, cultivated in the Botanical Garden, A. Garcia-Mendoza 6105 (MEXU); 4.5 km W of El Parian way Nochixtlán, municipality of San Jeronimo Sosola, A. Garcia-Mendoza and E. Solano 7307 (MEXU); E 0.5 km silks, DH Lorence et al. 4633 (MEXU) Huajuapan District: 5 km ahead of Santiago Chazumba Tehuacan highway (km 58), A. Salinas 7644 (MEXU) Ixtlán District: NE Natividad Mendez Capulalpam Township, river S. Figueroa and B. Y. Guzman R. 766 (MEXU); 2 km S of The Student A.
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