Project number: 639 Project acronym: trAILs Project title: Alpine Industrial Landscapes Transformation
DELIVERABLE D.T2.2.3
Spatial planning and landscape assessment report - TUW+POLIMI
Work package: T2
Activity: A.T2.2
TUW – Julia Forster, Isabella Schuster, Stefan Bindreiter, Organization: Michael Rinnerthaler POLIMI – Elena Solero, Paolo Galuzzi, Piergiorgio Vitillo Deliverable date: 2020-09-30
Version: 1
Dissemination Project partners level: Dissemination Project partners target:
This project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Alpine Space programme
CONTENT
1 FOREWORD 3 2 ABBREVIATIONS AND TERMINOLOGY 5 3 PART 1: RESULTS OF THE AIL ASSESSMENT 6 3.1 INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY 6 3.2 RESULTS OF THE ASSESSMENT – POTENTIALS AND PROBLEMS 9 4 PART 2: PERFORMANCE OF THE AIL ASSESSMENT 33 4.1 INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY 33 4.2 ANALYSIS ELEMENTS REVIEW 34 4.3 CONCLUSION 39 5 PART 3: FEEDBACK OF THE REGIONAL PARTNER 39 6 APPENDIX 40 6.1 APPENDIX A – INTEGRAL FLOOD HAZARD MAP 40 6.2 APPENDIX B – REFERENCES 42
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1. FOREWORD
The assessment report has two parts. First part is a document providing essential knowledge of a specific AIL pilot area and second part is a record of reflection on the assessment method performance in the AIL pilot site. With the ‘learning-by-doing’ approach on four different pilot areas, research project partners identify and gradually specify key elements of individual assessments that work for the AILs.
Assessment reports are part of the activity WP T2: Co-assessment of AILs actual conditions and in a set of five thematic assessment reports, five different deliverables for each pilot area:
• D.T2.2.2 – Existing policies on local/regional level assessment reports • D.T2.2.3 – Spatial and landscape assessment reports • D.T2.2.4 – Socio-demographic assessment reports • D.T2.2.5 – Economic context assessment reports • D.T2.2.6 – Environmental context assessment reports
Together with mini reports - D.T2.2.1, the assessment reports form an input for the workshops in the WP T3 (figure 1).
The template of the assessment report is structured to facilitate two main parts of the Co- assessment of AILs: Part 1 – Assessment of AILs which constitutes main findings of the AILs actual conditions, results of the assessments, conclusions and recommendations. Its purpose is to be used for the activities in the WP T3 (the dossier) - workshops with relevant stakeholders. Part 2 – Performance of the Assessment that investigates how the Assessment and its parts performed on the given AIL site. It is conducted through a reflection questionnaire for the research partner and regional partner of that AIL. Its purpose is to evaluate the analyses used in the assessment process and to monitor variability of the assessments throughout the AIL pilot sites.
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Figure 1: Scheme of the WPT2 Assessment Framework with the general structure of the assessment reports, their input source (WP T1 and site visits) and output purpose (workshops).
The assessment report of the pilot site Tržič in Slovenia focuses on the main spatial elements, needed as a base for the development of planning pathways on multi scale level. The report is structured in three main parts, the ‘results of the AIL assessment’, the ‘performance of the AIL assessment’ as well as on the feedback part prepared by regional stakeholders.
POLIMI and TUW are responsible for creation and content of this report, based on WP T1 input “virtual site visit Tržič”, desktop research and GIS analysis. In particular the responsibilities of content are divided by scale level between TUW and POLIMI. The scale level 1:5000 defines in this manner not only the visual presentation level. Moreover, it presents the level of contents, the thematic focus level as well as the main structural elements of analysis within local and regional criteria.
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2. ABBREVIATIONS AND TERMINOLOGY region – the term region can be understood very varied. For this report we define the study region by the Gorenjska region. problem – the term „problem“ is often negatively affected, but problem means in our understanding unsolved, complex planning tasks, for which we have to find a planning solution infrastructure – in this report we focus on the technical infrastructure, not on the social infrastructure. Technical infrastructure includes facilities in the fields of communication (transport, communications), supply (water, energy) and disposal (waste water, waste). land use (CORINE land cover) – the land use by CORINE land cover shows categories and classes of land use based on digital satellite images. The land use by CORINE land cover is not related in any way with the land use plan. land use plan – the land use plan is a legal instrument for the development of municipalities. It determines a specific allowed use for every plot. This defined use is related to different possibilities and restrictions for the use and development of the plot. The main categories are building land, grassland and traffic areas. local development plan – the local development plan is a legal instrument for the development of a municipality and has a time horizon of 10-15 years. The local development plan consists of the local development concept and the land use plan (and, if present, of a zoning plan, which defines rules for how to develop a building plot). The local development plan contains aims and measures for the development of a municipality, and consists of a textual and a mapping part.
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3. PART 1: RESULTS OF THE AIL ASSESSMENT
1. INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY
STRUCTURE OF THE ANALYSIS
TUW mainly analysed the “territorial scale”, which is defined in different ways. To give an overview of the location of Tržič and the main road/rail network as well as the connection to other cities in the Gorenjska region have been considered. TUW analyses on an overview scale that goes at most up to 1:5.000, whereas POLIMI does a more in-depth analysis of the municipality Tržič in a scale between 1:5.000 and 1:500.
The spatial assessment of TUW is structured in four analysis topics: • the environmental analysis, which covers the analysis of the topographical situation, the landscape and the natural environment, • the settlement analysis, which contains information to the settlement structure and the existing building stock, • the mobility network analysis, which covers the analysis of the reachability, the traffic and transport network and the public transport services and • the supply and disposal infrastructure analysis, which covers a description of access to ICT and energy infrastructure, water supply as well as disposal infrastructure POLIMI mainly analysed the “local scale” that involves the pilot site and its next surroundings. The chosen scales are 1:5.000 and 1:500. In particular, the spatial analysis of POLIMI includes the evaluation of the following aspects: the current situation, project in progress and urban planning rules.
Current situation The current situation is structured in three analysis topics: • Mobility framework, which covers the analysis of the transport network and the public transport services
• Environmental and landscape framework, which covers the analysis of the topographical situation, the landscape and the natural environment
• Settlement framework, which contains information to the settlement structure and the existing building stocks
Project in progress Plans and project in progress relevant to mobility, environmental and settlement framework are necessary to understand in which direction future development is going on.
Urban planning rules Existing planning rules are important to know the intentions of local municipality and regional administration.
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DESCRIPTION OF THE PILOT REGION
The municipality Tržič is located in the Gorenjska region in the northwestern part of Slovenia, which borders in the north Austria and in the north-west Italy. More precisely, Tržič is located in a side valley of the Sava Valley and surrounded by the Natura 2000 - protected area Karavanke.
Tržič is a municipality with approx. 14.900 inhabitants and a size of about 155,4 square kilometers. The administrative centre and the biggest settlement of the municipality is the city of Tržič, which has approx. 3.670 inhabitants. The population decreased slightly in the last years (SiStat). The next larger city is the capital of the Gorenjska region Kranj with approx. 56.300 inhabitants.
The examined pilot area is accessible via the street E652 from Naklo, which connects the municipality in the south with the highway A2/E61 and in the north with Austria over the Ljubelj Pass. The capital of the region Gorenjska, Kranj, and the capital of Slovenia, Ljubljana, are reachable over the highway A2 in the south. The distance from Tržič to Kranj is approx. 18 kilometers and approx. 45 kilometers to Ljubljana. There is no direct train connection to the municipality of Tržič since the 1960s. Today the closest train stations are located in Podnart (approx. 11 km) for local train connections and in Kranj (approx. 18 km) for international train connections. Several bus connections per day from Ljubljana to Tržič ensure the accessibility of the municipality by public transport. In the Gorenjska region, also the international airport from Slovenia is located, 28 kilometers in the south of Tržič.
The Gorenjska region is a predominantly Alpine region where the population and main economic activities (except parts of tourism) are concentrated in lowlands in the southern part of the region and in the valleys along the Sava river, which crosses the region in the northwest- southeast direction. With the exception of the river areas the region is mountainous and mainly covered by forests. Gorenjska region is rich with underground water and river streams as well as with well-preserved nature. The only national park in Slovenia is located in the region and more than 1/3 of the area is protected by Natura 2000 - protection zones. So the natural environment in the region has a high value and potential as a touristic as well as a recreation area for locals.
During most of the 20th century, Tržič was not only one of the strongest employment centres in the Gorenjska region, but in the whole of Slovenia and for less developed regions of the former Yugoslavia. The companies Peko Co. (shoe factory) and BPT Co. (spinning mill) were the most important employers in Tržič. The need for workers in the municipality of Tržič resulted in a strong migration of people from the Gorenjska region, all of Slovenia and from the regions of former Yugoslavia, especially Croatia. In 1991 15 % of the municipality of Tržič and almost 30 % of the city of Tržič were non-Slovenes. Like many other companies, these factories did not survive the long transformation period after the introduction of the market economy in 1991 (Pilot profile SLO: 73). Another setback for the economy was the financial crisis in 2008, which was accompanied by the final closure of the Peko Co. factory (Pilot profile SLO: 76). Since then, the municipality of Tržič has been trying to strengthen the economy in a sustainable way. The municipality of Tržič focuses on promoting entrepreneurship within the municipality. The success of these measures can be seen in the statistics from 2017 onwards, which shows an increase in the number of companies in the municipality and an increase in the income of the companies, while registered unemployment has fallen to 8 % (Pilot profile SLO: 79).
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MAIN CHALLENGES AND POTENTIALS
The main challenges and potentials of all assessments (D.T2.2.2 – D.T2.2.6) for the development of the pilot site Tržič regarding the spatial analysis are shown in the list below. A more detailed description of the challenges and potentials and related maps and illustrations can be found in chapter 2.
Potentials • High natural value (high potential of natural environment and landscape from an ecological point of view and for touristic and recreational purposes) • Presence of rivers and creeks (Sava is the largest river in the countries of Slovenia and Croatia) • Nature protected areas – Natura 2000-habitats directive areas and Natura 2000-birds directive areas • Tourism destinations – important economic sector • Forests – resource wood (over 80 percent of the area is covered by forests) • Bus services (+ additional service for touristic purposes) • Location of the site close to the main road infrastructure • The protection of historic buildings can also help to raise awareness of the long industrial history of the town and region • Good location of the municipality of Tržič, as a gateway to Southern Europe • Lots of rivers and creeks as potential for hydropower • Supply and disposal infrastructure available in large parts of Tržič
Challenges • Climate change and extreme weather phenomena • Challenge of topography • Natural hazards (floods, avalanches, mudflows) • Excessive interventions in the stock of industrial buildings may weaken the identity of the town of Tržič as a large industrial site • Agricultural areas are occupied by mainly commercial zones, while large areas previously occupied by industry are now empty or disused. • There may be a danger of creating an isolated island in the middle of the city centre • no train service for passenger • no rail infrastructure for freight transport • extensive maintenance of infrastructure due to topographical conditions
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2. RESULTS OF THE ASSESSMENT – POTENTIALS AND PROBLEMS
Environmental and landscape analysis
The pilot site is located in a side valley of the Sava Valley, the main river in the Gorenjska region. The Sava river has its origin in the Triglav National Park, the only national park in Slovenia, near the Austrian border in northern Slovenia. Sava is the largest river in the countries of Slovenia and Croatia and it flows in Belgrade, the capital of Serbia, in the Danube river.
The Karavanke mountains are a 120 km long mountain range, which represent one of the longest in Europe, and run along the border between Slovenia and Austria ([email protected]). The central part of the Karavanke mountains also includes the northern part of the examined area of Tržič, after which the terrain gradually descends towards the Dobrava plain in the most southern part of the municipality. This part belongs to the northern part of the Ljubljana Basin. The mountainous part of Tržič is characterized by larger and smaller valleys, whereby the valleys of the Tržiška Bistrica river, the Mošenik stream and the Lomščica stream are the largest (see figure 2). Due to the above-described mountainous landscape, the climate is a harsh alpine climate, which is characterized by relatively low temperatures and an amount of precipitations above the average of Slovenia. The height reaches from approx. 500 m a.m. in the city centre of Tržič up to approx. 1370 m a.m. at the Ljubelj pass and up to over 2000 m a.m. at the highest peaks from the Karavanke mountains in the analyzed area.
The natural environment of the municipality has a high value. Over 80 percent of the area is covered by forests (CORINE Landcover 2012), with spruce as an extremely dominant tree species (Pilot profile SLO: 66). A huge part of the area is designated as a protected area and is surrounding the city centre of the municipality. Most of the protected areas are part of the Karavanke Natura 2000-habitats directive areas and Natura 2000-birds directive areas. However, there are also other nature-protected areas like the Dovžanova Gorge canyon or the Udin boršt.
Connected to the topography and the climate (change), natural hazards like floods, avalanches and mudflows play an important role in the endangerment of the settlement development.
Due to its high natural value, the commune Tržič has fortunate conditions for the development of tourism and recreation, nevertheless tourism is still underdeveloped. Currently, the majority of overnight stays is due to transit guests and mountaineers. In future, the focus of the tourism development is on eco-tourism, which is closely connected with environment and especially with nature. The activities of eco-tourism try to affect the nature and local community in the least possible way with nature experience as the main aim (Pilot profile SLO: 81).
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Figure 2: Landscape and natural environment, edited by simlab, 2020
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Figures 3, 4, 5: Landscape and Open Spaces; edited by POLIMI, 2020
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Environmental potentials:
• High natural value (high potential of natural environment and landscape from an ecological point of view and for touristic and recreational purposes)
• Presence of rivers and creeks (Sava is the largest river in the countries of Slovenia and Croatia)
• Nature protected areas – Natura 2000-habitats directive areas and Natura 2000-birds directive areas
• Tourism destinations – important economic sector
• Forests – resource wood (over 80 percent of the area is covered by forests) Environmental problems:
• Climate change and extreme weather phenomena
• Challenge of topography
• Natural hazards (floods, avalanches, mudflows)
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Land-use analysis The land-use map of the municipality of Tržič clearly shows the structure of the valley around the pilot site. Within the plain in the south of the municipality there is a small amount of agricultural areas (8 % of the whole area) and industrial areas (approx. 1 %), whereas the mountains are mainly covered by forest areas (approx. 91 %) (see figure 6).
Figure 6: Landuse of the municipality, edited by simlab, 2020
Observing the average land use in the Gorenjska region, it is shown that forests and semi- natural areas (approx. 78 %) and agricultural areas (approx. 19 %) cover most of the region. A comparison of the average land use in the Gorenjska region with the municipality Tržič shows that this also applies to the municipal territory (see figures 7 and 8).
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Figure 7: Percentage distribution of land use for the Gorenjska region, edited by simlab, 2020
Figure 8: Percentage distribution of land use for municipality of Tržič, edited by simlab, 2020
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Settlement analysis
About 205.000 inhabitants live in the Gorenjska region, which consists of 18 municipalities. The main cities of the region are the capital of the region Kranj (approx. 56.700 inhabitants), Škofja Loka (approx. 23.200 inhabitants), Jesenice (approx. 21.200 inhabitants), Radovljica (approx. 19.000 inhabitants) and Tržič (approx. 14.900 inhabitants). In relation to the topographic conditions of the region the population and main economic activities (except parts of tourism) are concentrated in lowlands in the southern part of the region and in the valleys along the Sava river.
However, there are several main characteristics of the settlement structure of Gorenjska region and its development in the past. Before the World War II, the structure of the region was mainly rural with few small cities (Kranj, Škofja Loka, Tržič). The rest of the population was distributed loosely to several villages scattered all over the territory of the region.
After the World War II, the traditional centres and some new ones emerging in the region grew relatively fast, reflecting rapid industrialization and the influx of people from rural areas and from the less developed Yugoslav Republic. During this period, growth affected not so much the city centres, but almost exclusively the former rural-agricultural influenced suburbs. The emerging inflow resulted, concerning settlement structures, mainly in large volume residential housing. As a result of the development, in a relative dimension to their basis, extraordinarily expanded the territory of these cities. Lots of villages experienced on the other hand a rapid decline, with an escalating decrease from those villages, next to bigger cities with lots of employment potential (e.g. in heavy and textile industry), to those in remote locations (e.g. in mountainous areas).
The last big transformation process has started in the beginning of the 1990s in connection with the beginning of the market economy and break-up with Yugoslavia. Cities have been further expanding on their suburbs with a growth of new commercial (e.g. malls, entertainment venues), industrial and business zones, while many large traditional industrial sites were being emptied, got disused and got even in different phases of decay.
This development is one of the largest spatial and development problems of Gorenjska and whole Slovenia, as more and more of the best agricultural areas were occupied by mainly commercial zones, while large areas previously occupied by industry were now empty or disused.
In addition to agricultural areas, the city centres were also affected by this development, as more and more commerce, crafts and even entertainment activities have migrated from the city centres. This has led to a high level of vacancies in the city centres, which has started to change in the last 5 to 10 years with a huge number of initiatives, mainly from local communities, touristic actors and small commerce, to revitalize Gorenjska city centres (Pilot profile SLO: 33).
The pilot site in Tržič is embedded very central in the rest of the settlement area of the village, which means that the industrial area from the pilot site is next to the old, historic town of Tržič. This could be an advantage, in the transformation process of the site, which could as well be a chance of renovation and restructuring the whole city centre.
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Figures 9, 10, 11: Settlement, Heritage and Urban Polarities; edited by POLIMI, 2020
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Figure 12: Area Development Scheme (source: Conservation plan for renovation - industrial area cotton spinning and weaving mills in Tržič, May 2018)
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Figure 13: Photographic views (source: Conservation plan for renovation - industrial area cotton spinning and weaving mills in Tržič, May 2018)
Settlement potentials:
• Location of the site next to the city centre • Abandoned industrial sites (near the centre) can be reused for new purposes, e.g. for new foundations or recreational areas for the residents and visitors of Tržič • The protection of historic buildings can also help to raise awareness of the long industrial history of the town and region Settlement problems:
• Excessive interventions in the stock of industrial buildings may weaken the identity of the town of Tržič as a large industrial site • Agricultural areas are occupied by mainly commercial zones, while large areas previously occupied by industry are now empty or disused. • There may be a danger of creating an isolated island in the middle of the city centre
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Mobility and reachability analysis The Gorenjska region is one of the regions crossed by the Pan-European Corridor X. This means, that it is located along the highway and railway connection that connects the South- East of Europe with Austria, Germany and the rest of Central and Western Europe (DARS 2020), which gives the region quite good development potential.
The region has a direct connection to a highway in Slovenia through the highway A2/E61 (Karavanke - Obrežje) which connects the region with Central Slovenia and the capital Ljubljana. In a bigger scale, the A2 is also a connection to Austria (Karavanke tunnel) on one hand and with Croatia on the other hand. The pilot site in the municipality of Tržič can be reached via the highway exit in the municipality of Naklo and then via the road E652. So the nearest connection to a highway is located approximately 6 km from the centre of Tržič. The road E652 leads from Naklo over the Ljubelj Pass to Klagenfurt, thereby connecting the two motorways E61 and E66 and creating another connection between Slovenia and Austria (see figure 15).
The main railway line in the region is the monorail between Ljubljana - Kranj - Jesenice - Villach, which is part of the Belgrade - Munich connection, with Bohinj Railway (Jesenice - Bohinj - Nova Gorica) as its only branch. The Gorenjska region has lost, however, two important regional branches of railway connections. On the one hand the connection between Jesenice and Tarvisio (in Italy) and on the other hand the connection between the regional capital Kranj and the city of Tržič. Both railway connections were terminated in 1960s (Pilot profile SLO: 24), due to missing passengers and because of the necessary restoration of the track (tdnaklo). Today the nearest railway stations from Tržič are located in Podnart (approx. 11 km) for local train connections and in Kranj (approx. 18 km) for international train connections.
With 25 buses from Ljubljana to Tržič on weekdays, 12 buses on weekends and holidays and 19 buses during the summer season and school holidays, Tržič is easily accessible by public transport (Pilot profile SLO: 72).
In the southern part of Gorenjska region the main airport of Slovenia Jože Pučnik Ljubljana airport is located (see figure 14), approx. 9 km from the city of Kranj as the regional capital, approx. 27 km from the municipality of Tržič and from Ljubljana, the capital of Slovenia. The airport has been growing fast over the past 20 years, with a passenger record of 1.7 million in 2017, but it is still rather small concerning the number of passengers and flight destinations and was overtaken by the airports in its neighborhood (Zagreb, Triest, Venice, etc.). Therefore, large investments have been made in the last years to transform the airport of Ljubljana into a logistic hub for this part of Europe (Pilot profile SLO: 23).
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Figure 14: Mobility network of Slovenia, edited by simlab, 2020
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Figure 15: Road network Slovenia, accessibility of the pilot municipality by car, edited by simlab, 2020
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Figures 16, 17, 18: Mobility and Transports; edited by POLIMI, 2020
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Mobility potentials:
• Bus services (+ additional service for touristic purposes) • Location of the site close to the main road infrastructure • Good location of the municipality of Tržič, as a gateway to Southern Europe
Mobility problems:
• No train service for passenger • No rail infrastructure for freight transport
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Supply and disposal infrastructure analysis
Electricity
Concerning the electrical network, a high-voltage (HV) line with 20 kV supplies the municipality of Tržič as a branch of the very high voltage (VHV) line from the Save valley (Pilot profile SLO: 31). As shown in figure 19, there is a comprehensive electricity supply within the municipality.
There are two external transformer stations in the area in question, namely T1238 Predilniška 1 and T1236 Predilniška 2 (see figure 20)
Due to the good location of the region on the course of the Save River, there are three hydroelectric power plants in the Gorenjska region (Pilot profile SLO: 29).
IT and Fibre-optic
Also shown in figure 19 is the IT-infrastructure, which covers most of the settlement area of the municipality.
Figure 19: Electricity and IT - infrastructure of the municipality Tržič, edited by simlab, 2020
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Figure 20: Existing electricity network (source: Revitalization of the area BPT in Tržič, November 2015)
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Water
Figure 21 shows the water supply of Tržič, which covers most of the municipal territory.
In particular, figure 22 shows as the water comes to the considered area from the south side, i.e. from the road Ste Marie aux mines.
The existing water supply is DN200. There is no public water supply network in the area of the BPT complex, the internal water supply network runs mostly in facilities.
Figure 21: Water, disposal and gas - infrastructure of the municipality Tržič, edited by simlab, 2020
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Figure 22: Existing water supply network (source: Revitalization of the area BPT in Tržič, November 2015)
Disposal infrastructure
In addition to the water supply, figure 21 also shows the disposal infrastructure of Tržič, which can only be found in the valley entrance up to the city centre.
Gas
Regarding the gas network, the municipality of Tržič is supplied by a branch of the main gas transport network, which passes through the region in the Save Valley (Pilot profile SLO: 30). Similar to the disposal infrastructure, the gas supply is only available in parts of the Tržič municipality.
The gas reaches the area in question just like the water supply from the south side, i.e. from the road Ste Marie aux mines (see figure 23).
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Figure 23: Existing gas network (source: Revitalization of the area BPT in Tržič, November 2015)
Due to the central location of the pilot site in the community, it has all the above-mentioned infrastructural connections.
Infrastructure potentials:
• lots of rivers and creeks as potential for hydropower
• supply and disposal infrastructure available in large parts of Tržič
Infrastructure problems:
• extensive maintenance of infrastructure due to topographical conditions
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Planning Rules and Constraints The pilot area is ruled the municipal spatial plan (OPN Tržič) which classifies the area for industrial uses - BPT (29 P3) (figure 24). The BPT area is recognized in the OPN as an important area for the municipality, namely as a built quality of technical heritage as well as a degraded area.
Purpose of areas
The following activities are allowed in the production areas (P): production, business, trade, service activities, sports and recreation.
Special provisions:
In the area of EUP 29 P3, before planning the location of permitted activities, it is necessary to develop a comprehensive expert basis for the entire area, which will include an overview, assessment and evaluation of all facilities and spatial phenomena within the area and the definition of spatial dominants outside the area. Expert bases must also include monument protection evaluation. Expert bases, which will also show the traffic regulation that does not burden the city center and its wider area (transits and standing traffic), must be the basis for the development of criteria and conditions for interventions in the area marked 29 P3-d, which will be the basis for project documentation for interventions in areas marked P.
Figure 24: Spatial planning conditions (source: Revitalization of the area BPT in Tržič, November 2015)
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4. PART 2: PERFORMANCE OF THE AIL ASSESSMENT
1. INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY
The aim of the assessment is to find problems, challenges, and potentials regarding the spatial conditions. TUW analyzed, as already mentioned in chapter 3.1, the „territorial“ scale, Gorenjska Region and the surrounding areas of the Tržič, POLIMI mainly the “local” scale with a more detailed focus on the pilot site and their embedment in the municipality. The method subdivides in four main steps.
Steps of the assessment: 1. Spatial exploration (virtual and digital) to get a first overview and impression of the site / region TUW and POLIMI took part in a virtual tour of Tržič on 18th and 19th June 2020. The BPT area and the city of Tržič itself were presented. The video and a round table via videoconferencing enabled contact with local/regional stakeholders during the virtual site visit and in a discussion round. The tour of the city of Tržič was also important in order to get to know the settlement structures and to find out not only problems and challenges but also potentials. The digital exploration was done via VR (Virtual Reality): "flying over" the region in a 3D environment (Google Earth VR, as well as Google Street View). 2. Detailed analysis of different issues • via collecting GIS data and elaborating maps • via collecting and processing statistical data • via contacting local/regional stakeholders (interview, discussion round)
TUW and POLIMI analyzed the natural environment and landscape, the settlement structure, the mobility framework and reachability as well as the supply and disposal infrastructure (more details to the analyzed elements and formats see Table 1 (TUW) and Table 2 (POLIMI)).
3. After the collection of all the different materials, TUW overlaps the results to find possible coherences between the analysis elements. Out of this step, problems and potentials can be derived.
4. As conclusion, TUW and POLIMI defined problems and challenges as well as potentials of the municipality and region, which contain also some possible fields for action for the future development of the site. The results can be used for WPT3.
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Figure 25: workflow of the methodology, edited by simlab, 2019
Formats used: • own GIS based maps • existing GIS based maps • VR (Virtual Reality) • diagrams • interviews / stakeholder discussion rounds • text analysis (of concepts) • descriptions (as texts)
2. ANALYSIS ELEMENTS REVIEW
Table 1: Spatial analysis elements of TUW (scale 1:5.000 and above) Analysis Analysis element Output description Output usage Usefulness for frame this AIL Identification of possibilities
and limitations
Mapping and Basic Very useful, qualitative preparation as description of the work to be topography topography via able to set in region contour lines and urban designs influences a
topography and terrain terrain base map in and ideas in a lot of aspects GIS; 3D model of spatial context of past, the terrain – spatial current and exploration in a Improves future digital way quality and developments professional
environmental and landscape analysis landscape environmental and appearance of project outputs
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Mapping of the Very useful Identification location of nature a lot of areas of possibilities location and type of nature protected areas in around the and limitations protected areas GIS; description of pilot sites are
types of protected protected areas areas Basic information on present land use Mapping of the land use (by Basic land use CORINE Land information land use cover) in GIS and helps to Useful quantitative indicate interpretation former usage (chart) and illustrates frameworks for future use (sealed or paved soil) Very useful, large areas of Identification Mapping of the the of possibilities danger zones (for municipality and limitations danger zones flood, mountain lay in danger
torrents and zones with
avalanches) limitations to future developments Usage mainly for analysis, preparation On-site research and (visual impressions, presentation sight axes) and purposes – photo basic visual landscape and documentation of information to Useful landmarks the overall be considered appearance of the in designs and landscape and of scenario important developments landmarks that respect local conditions
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basic
information to Mapping of the be considered settlement Very useful to in designs and structure and understand typology of the settlements scenario categorization of the historical developments different types of development that respect structures settlement analysis local conditions Mapping and basic categorization of accessibility Very useful road network and classes the road network, analysis
main road connections Very useful, Analysis of Need for used and further
Mapping and unused rail investigations is categorization of infrastructures, on necessary rail network and classes the rail network, kind of usage investments main rail (passenger or into rail connections cargo infrastructure transport) in design and planning phase Qualitative and Basic quantitative accessibility public transport system description of the Useful analysis public transport
system Basic mobilitynetwork and accessibility analys accessibility analysis; Qualitative Enables the description of the identification reachability, reachability, accessibility of possibilities Very useful mapping of and limitations distances and of the existing travel times mobility infrastructure grid
Description of the Very Useful Identification connection to ICT Need for of possibilities supply (fixed-line, further ICT supply and limitations mobile investigation disposal communication of necessary supply and supply and infrastructure network, investment
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broadband into ICT network) infrastructure in design and planning phase Description of the connection to Identification water supply and disposal water supply and of possibilities Very Useful infrastructure disposal and limitations infrastructure Description of the Identification sewage connection to of possibilities Very Useful sewage system and limitations Description of the Identification connection to energy supply of possibilities Very Useful energy supply and limitations systems
Table 2: spatial and landscape analysis elements (POLIMI) Analysis Analysis Output Output usage Usefulness for frame elements description this AIL Environmental Green and blue Identification of Ecological and Very useful for and landscape elements all natural and environmental the future analysis • green areas environmental network regeneration or • natural and elements development of protected AIL areas • tree meadows • rivers, streams,.. • green connections • landscape value Ecosystem Mapping and Prioritization Useful for services qualitative definition and advocacy • supporting description of problem (awareness services the ecosystem identification in raising, (nutrient (by selected relation to different justification, cycle and indicators) synergies decision support), oxygen ecosystem production) Communication tool assessment, • provisioning to initiate discussion priority setting, services with stakeholders instrument (production visualizing the design, spatial of food and locations where analysis. water) valuable ecosystem • regulating services are services produced or used (control of and explaining the relevance of Page | 37
climate and ecosystem services disease) to the public in their • cultural territory services (spiritual and recreational benefits) Territorial Mapping of Risk prevention Useful for fragilities territorial strategies defining fragilities and prevention risk areas Resilience strategies in a enhancement future development General awareness and overcoming Settlement Historical Mapping of the area enhancement Useful to enhance analysis settlement and historical area and the next cultural heritage settlement surroundings in a structure and future area buildings regeneration Industrial Mapping and Basic information to Very useful in a settlement and qualitative be considered in transformation or activities description of designing scenario(s) regeneration industrial area development process (in activity and abandoned) Urban facilities Mapping of Basic information to Very useful in a facilities be considered in transformation or designing scenario(s) regeneration development process Mobility Infrastructural Mapping of Basic information to Very useful in a network and network roads, railways be considered in transformation or accessibility and all the designing scenario(s) regeneration analysis elements development process (upgrade relevant to or weakening) mobility network (including public transport system) Accessibility, Qualitative Basic accessibility Very useful reachability description of analysis enables the the reachability, identification of mapping of possibilities and distances and limitations of the travel times existing mobility infrastructure grid
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3. PERFORMANCE CONCLUSION
Which elements of the method were found crucial based on the results of the assessment and table 1 and 2? In addition to the obligatory desk research and the virtual analysis, in comparison to the previous sites, the virtual site visit including the discussion round with local stakeholders to acquire local knowledge is decisive for the analysis due to the travel restrictions of COVID-19.
5. PART 3: FEEDBACK OF THE REGIONAL PARTNER
Do you find the results useful and which ones? The results of the analysis are useful, it tackled challenges of the area and put light on some topics that need to be addressed on systematic level with cooperation of different partners covering/being responsible for individual topics.
Have you learned something about the site that you did not know before? What was it? The analysis is offering in dept information about variety of topics/areas that are vital for restructuring of the area and highlight some positive points that are of vital importance for the further redesign of the city Tržič with several formal industrial sites.
Will you be able to use any of the results and how? The results of the analysis will be used as the starting point for further workshops on the pilot sites where local stakeholders will discuss and try to define the further steps in redesign of the pilot site/s.
Will you be able to take any additional actions based on the assessment results, what are they? Yes, further work with stakeholders to better, more in deep define the scenarios or redesign, redevelopment.
Which analysis elements are more useful (look at the spreadsheet 4.2 and appendix results)? All elements are useful and give good overview - state of the art and define also challenges that has to be taken into account in further work with redesign of the site.
Any suggestions to make this assessment method better? More discussion with stakeholders and policy makers and local community experts might give deeper insight in the challenges and dilemmas of the site.
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6. APPENDIX
1. APPENDIX A - INTEGRAL FLOOD HAZARD MAP
Integralna Karta poplavne Nevarnosti Q10
Q100
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Q500
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2. APPENDIX B - REFERENCES
CORINE Landcover 2012: https://inspire- geoportal.ec.europa.eu/download_details.html?view=downloadDetails&resourceId=%2FINS PIRE-6f0cd439-226d-11e6-9ff2-52540023a883_20200622- 140002%2Fservices%2F1%2FPullResults%2F1- 147%2Fdatasets%2F56&expandedSection=metadata [checked on: 19.03.20]
DARS: https://www.dars.si/ [checked on: 10.03.20]
Fremdenverkehrsverein Naklo: http://tdnaklo.com/de/der-kranj-naklo-trzic-eisenbahn/ [checked on: 10.03.20]
Geoportal ARSO: https://gis.arso.gov.si/geoportal/catalog/main/home.page [email protected]: http://www.karavanke.eu/de/lernen-sie-die-karawanken-kennen [checked on: 25.05.20]
Naravovarstveni atlas – zo: https://www.naravovarstveni-atlas.si/
Natura 2000: https://inspire- geoportal.ec.europa.eu/download_details.html?view=downloadDetails&resourceId=%2FINS PIRE-6f0cd439-226d-11e6-9ff2-52540023a883_20200622- 140002%2Fservices%2F1%2FPullResults%2F1- 147%2Fdatasets%2F118&expandedSection=metadata [checked on: 19.03.20]
Republic of Slovenia Statistical Office – SiStat: https://pxweb.stat.si/SiStat/en [checked on: 07.04.20]
Spatial data distribution for INSPIRE directive: http://gis.arso.gov.si/wfs_web/faces/WFSLayersList.jspx
Pilot profile: Revitalisation of disused complex of former BPT -Cotton spinning and weaving mill of Tržič (City of Tržič, Slovenia): https://www.alpine- space.eu/projects/trails/pilots/_results/wp-t1/bpt-profile-official.pdf [checked on: 02.03.20]
PROSTORSKI INFORMACIJSKI SISTEM javno spletno mesto: http://www.pis.gov.si/
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