Vaccine Information Statement
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(MMRV) Vaccine
Addendum to MMR Vaccine (Measles, Mumps, Rubella, and Varicella): What You Need to Know Vaccine Information Statement 1. I agree that the person named below will get the vaccine checked below. 2. I received or was offered a copy of the Vaccine Information Statement (VIS) for the vaccine listed above. 3. I know the risks of the disease this vaccine prevents. 4. I know the benefits and risks of the vaccine. 5. I have had a chance to ask questions about the disease the vaccine prevents, the vaccine, and how the vaccine is given. 6. I know that the person named below will have the vaccine put in his/her body to prevent the disease this vaccine prevents. 7. I am an adult who can legally consent for the person named below to get the vaccine. I freely and voluntarily give my signed permission for this vaccine. Vaccine to be given: Measles, Mumps, Rubella, and Varicella (MMRV) Vaccine Information about person to receive vaccine (Please print) Name: Last First Middle Initial Birthdate Sex (mm/dd/yy) (circle one) M F Address: Street City County State Zip TX Signature of person to receive vaccine or person authorized to make the request (parent or guardian): x Date: x Date: Witness PRIVACY NOTIFICATION - With few exceptions, you have the right to request and be informed about information that the State of Texas collects about you. You are entitled to receive and review the information upon request. You also have the right to ask the state agency to correct any information that is determined to be incorrect. -
Mmrv Vaccine
VACCINE INFORMATION STATEMENT (Measles, Mumps, Many Vaccine Information Statements are available in Spanish and other languages. MMRV Vaccine Rubella and See www.immunize.org/vis Varicella) Hojas de información sobre vacunas están disponibles en español y en muchos otros What You Need to Know idiomas. Visite www.immunize.org/vis These are recommended ages. But children can get the Measles, Mumps, Rubella and second dose up through 12 years as long as it is at least 1 Varicella 3 months after the first dose. Measles, Mumps, Rubella, and Varicella (chickenpox) can be serious diseases: Children may also get these vaccines as 2 separate shots: MMR (measles, mumps and rubella) and Measles varicella vaccines. • Causes rash, cough, runny nose, eye irritation, fever. • Can lead to ear infection, pneumonia, seizures, brain 1 Shot (MMRV) or 2 Shots (MMR & Varicella)? damage, and death. • Both options give the same protection. Mumps • One less shot with MMRV. • Causes fever, headache, swollen glands. • Children who got the first dose as MMRV have • Can lead to deafness, meningitis (infection of the brain had more fevers and fever-related seizures (about and spinal cord covering), infection of the pancreas, 1 in 1,250) than children who got the first dose as painful swelling of the testicles or ovaries, and, rarely, separate shots of MMR and varicella vaccines on death. the same day (about 1 in 2,500). Rubella (German Measles) Your doctor can give you more information, • Causes rash and mild fever; and can cause arthritis, including the Vaccine Information Statements for (mostly in women). MMR and Varicella vaccines. -
Vaccines and Autism: What You Should Know | Vaccine Education
Q A Vaccines and Autism: What you should know Volume& 1 Summer 2008 Some parents of children with autism are concerned that vaccines are the cause. Their concerns center on three areas: the combination measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine; thimerosal, a mercury-containing preservative previously contained in several vaccines; and the notion that babies receive too many vaccines too soon. Q. What are the symptoms of autism? Q. Does the MMR vaccine cause autism? A. Symptoms of autism, which typically appear during the A. No. In 1998, a British researcher named Andrew Wakefi eld fi rst few years of life, include diffi culties with behavior, social raised the notion that the MMR vaccine might cause autism. skills and communication. Specifi cally, children with autism In the medical journal The Lancet, he reported the stories of may have diffi culty interacting socially with parents, siblings eight children who developed autism and intestinal problems and other people; have diffi culty with transitions and need soon after receiving the MMR vaccine. To determine whether routine; engage in repetitive behaviors such as hand fl apping Wakefi eld’s suspicion was correct, researchers performed or rocking; display a preoccupation with activities or toys; a series of studies comparing hundreds of thousands of and suffer a heightened sensitivity to noise and sounds. children who had received the MMR vaccine with hundreds Autism spectrum disorders vary in the type and severity of of thousands who had never received the vaccine. They found the symptoms they cause, so two children with autism may that the risk of autism was the same in both groups. -
Adult Vaccines
What do flu, whooping cough, measles, shingles and pneumonia have in common? 1 They’re viruses that can make you very sick. 2 Vaccines can help prevent them. Protect yourself and those you care about. Get vaccinated at a network pharmacy near you. • Ask your pharmacist which vaccines are right for you. • Find out if your pharmacist can administer the recommended vaccinations. • Many vaccinations are covered by your plan at participating retail pharmacies. • Don’t forget to present your member ID card to the pharmacist at the time of service! The following vaccines are available and can be administered by pharmacists at participating network pharmacies: • Flu (seasonal influenza) • Meningitis • Travel Vaccines (typhoid, yellow • Tetanus/Diphtheria/Pertussis • Pneumonia fever, etc.) • Hepatitis • Rabies • Childhood Vaccines (MMR, etc.) • Human Papillomavirus (HPV) • Shingles/Zoster See other side for recommended adult vaccinations. The vaccinations you need ALL adults should get vaccinated for1: • Flu, every year. It’s especially important for pregnant women, older adults and people with chronic health conditions. • Tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis (whooping cough). Adults should get a one-time dose of the Tdap vaccine. It’s different from the tetanus vaccine (Td), which is given every 10 years. You may need additional vaccinations depending on your age1: Young adults not yet vaccinated need: Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine series (3 doses) if you are: • Female age 26 or younger • Male age 21 or younger • Male age 26 or younger who has sex with men, who is immunocompromised or who has HIV Adults born in the U.S. in 1957 or after need: Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) vaccine2 Adults should get at least one dose of MMR vaccine, unless they’ve already gotten this vaccine or have immunity to measles, mumps and rubella Adults born in the U.S. -
Viability of B. Typhosus in Stored Shell Oysters
PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS VOL. 40 APRIL 24, 1925 No. 17 VIABILITY OF B. TYPHOSUS IN STORED SHELL OYSTERS By CONRAD KINYOuN, Assistant Bacteriologist, hlygienic Laboratory, United Stztes Ptiblic Ilealti Serviee The object of this work was to determine whether oysters con- taminated with B. typhosuis and then stored unider uisual market conditions woul(l remain potentially infectious over a length of time sufficient to allow them to reach the consumer. Conflicting opinions are now current as to the length of time the causative agent of typhoid fever can remain viable in the oyster, and even as to whether the oyster can harbor the organisms at all. Obviouisly an oyster which harbors typhoidl organismns for as short a time as 24 hours becomes a potential infecting, agent for thlat time. Practi- cally it is of interest to know whether the time elapsing between the remov-al of the oyster from the bed and( actual consumption after passing through customary commercial channels is sufficient for oysters to rid themselves of possible infection. As early as 1603, oysters were incriminate(d in intestinal disor(lers, when suspicion was directed toward them by an illness of Henry IV of France (7). It was not uIntil the close of the nineteenth century, however, that oysters and shellfislh as agents of (lisease transmission receive(d particular attention. In October, 1894, Conn focused attention on the oyster by his investigation of the now famous Wesleyan outbreak, an(d thoughl only thlree outbreaks of typhoid fever were definitely traced to the oyster before 19,25, these stimulated wide interest and consequent study, with atten(lant epidemiological and bacteriological investigations. -
Measles: Chapter 7.1 Chapter 7: Measles Paul A
VPD Surveillance Manual 7 Measles: Chapter 7.1 Chapter 7: Measles Paul A. Gastanaduy, MD, MPH; Susan B. Redd; Nakia S. Clemmons, MPH; Adria D. Lee, MSPH; Carole J. Hickman, PhD; Paul A. Rota, PhD; Manisha Patel, MD, MS I. Disease Description Measles is an acute viral illness caused by a virus in the family paramyxovirus, genus Morbillivirus. Measles is characterized by a prodrome of fever (as high as 105°F) and malaise, cough, coryza, and conjunctivitis, followed by a maculopapular rash.1 The rash spreads from head to trunk to lower extremities. Measles is usually a mild or moderately severe illness. However, measles can result in complications such as pneumonia, encephalitis, and death. Approximately one case of encephalitis2 and two to three deaths may occur for every 1,000 reported measles cases.3 One rare long-term sequelae of measles virus infection is subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE), a fatal disease of the central nervous system that generally develops 7–10 years after infection. Among persons who contracted measles during the resurgence in the United States (U.S.) in 1989–1991, the risk of SSPE was estimated to be 7–11 cases/100,000 cases of measles.4 The risk of developing SSPE may be higher when measles occurs prior to the second year of life.4 The average incubation period for measles is 11–12 days,5 and the average interval between exposure and rash onset is 14 days, with a range of 7–21 days.1, 6 Persons with measles are usually considered infectious from four days before until four days after onset of rash with the rash onset being considered as day zero. -
Measles Diagnostic Tool
Measles Prodrome and Clinical evolution E Fever (mild to moderate) E Cough E Coryza E Conjunctivitis E Fever spikes as high as 105ºF Koplik’s spots Koplik’s Spots E E Viral enanthem of measles Rash E Erythematous, maculopapular rash which begins on typically starting 1-2 days before the face (often at hairline and behind ears) then spreads to neck/ the rash. Appearance is similar to “grains of salt on a wet background” upper trunk and then to lower trunk and extremities. Evolution and may become less visible as the of rash 1-3 days. Palms and soles rarely involved. maculopapular rash develops. Rash INCUBATION PERIOD Fever, STARTS on face (hairline & cough/coryza/conjunctivitis behind ears), spreads to trunk, Average 8-12 days from exposure to onset (sensitivity to light) and then to thighs/ feet of prodrome symptoms 0 (average interval between exposure to onset rash 14 day [range 7-21 days]) -4 -3 -2 -1 1234 NOT INFECTIOUS higher fever (103°-104°) during this period rash fades in same sequence it appears INFECTIOUS 4 days before rash and 4 days after rash Not Measles Rubella Varicella cervical lymphadenopathy. Highly variable but (Aka German Measles) (Aka Chickenpox) Rash E often maculopapular with Clinical manifestations E Clinical manifestations E Generally mild illness with low- Mild prodrome of fever and malaise multiforme-like lesions and grade fever, malaise, and lymph- may occur one to two days before may resemble scarlet fever. adenopathy (commonly post- rash. Possible low-grade fever. Rash often associated with painful edema hands and feet. auricular and sub-occipital). -
Vaccine Information for PARENTS and CAREGIVERS
NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR COMMUNICABLE DISEASES Division of the National Health Laboratory Service VACCINE INFOR MATION FOR PARENTS & CAREGIVERS First Edition November 2016 Editors-in-Chief Nkengafac Villyen Motaze (MD, MSc, PhD fellow), Melinda Suchard (MBBCh, FCPath (SA), MMed) Edited by: Cheryl Cohen, (MBBCh, FCPath (SA) Micro, DTM&H, MSc (Epi), Phd) Lee Baker, (Dip Pharm) Lucille Blumberg, (MBBCh, MMed (Micro) ID (SA) FFTM (RCPS, Glasgow) DTM&H DOH DCH) Published by: Ideas Wise and Wonderful (IWW) for National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD) First Edition: Copyright © 2016 Contributions by: Clement Adu-Gyamfi (BSc Hons, MSc), Jayendrie Thaver (BSc), Kerrigan McCarthy, (MBBCh, FCPath (SA), DTM&H, MPhil (Theol) Kirsten Redman (BSc Hons), Nishi Prabdial-Sing (PhD), Nonhlanhla Mbenenge (MBBCh, MMED) Philippa Hime (midwife), Vania Duxbury (BSc Hons), Wayne Howard (BSc Hons) Acknowledgments: Amayeza, Vaccine Information Centre (http://www.amayeza-info.co.za/) Centre for Communicable Diseases Fact Sheets (http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/vis/) World Health Organization Fact Sheets (http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/en/) National Department of Health, South Africa (http://www.health.gov.za/) Disclaimer This book is intended as an educational tool only. Information may be subject to change as schedules or formulations are updated. Summarized and simplified information is presented in this booklet. For full prescribing information and contraindications for vaccinations, please consult individual package inserts. There has been -
Kaposi Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Uals Were 2 to 16 Times More Likely to Develop Kaposi Sarcoma Than Were Uninfected Individuals
Report on Carcinogens, Fourteenth Edition For Table of Contents, see home page: http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/go/roc Kaposi Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus uals were 2 to 16 times more likely to develop Kaposi sarcoma than were uninfected individuals. In some studies, the risk of Kaposi sar- CAS No.: none assigned coma increased with increasing viral load of KSHV (Sitas et al. 1999, Known to be a human carcinogen Newton et al. 2003a,b, 2006, Albrecht et al. 2004). Most KSHV-infected patients who develop Kaposi sarcoma have Also known as KSHV or human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) immune systems compromised either by HIV-1 infection or as a re- Carcinogenicity sult of drug treatments after organ or tissue transplants. The timing of infection with HIV-1 may also play a role in development of Ka- Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is known to be a posi sarcoma. Acquiring HIV-1 infection prior to KSHV infection human carcinogen based on sufficient evidence from studies in hu- may increase the risk of epidemic Kaposi sarcoma by 50% to 100%, mans. This conclusion is based on evidence from epidemiological compared with acquiring HIV-1 infection at the same time as or after and molecular studies, which show that KSHV causes Kaposi sar- KSHV infection. Nevertheless, patients with the classic or endemic coma, primary effusion lymphoma, and a plasmablastic variant of forms of Kaposi sarcoma are not suspected of having suppressed im- multicentric Castleman disease, and on supporting mechanistic data. mune systems, suggesting that immunosuppression is not required KSHV causes cancer, primarily but not exclusively in people with for development of Kaposi sarcoma. -
Combination Vaccines
INFORMATION FOR PARENTS Combination Vaccines Last updated April 2014 The measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine (MMR) and Combination vaccines reduce the diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis vaccine (DTaP) each protect your child against three diseases. However, these number of shots your child needs two vaccines are not considered true combination vaccines while protecting against several because in the United States, you cannot get separate serious diseases. vaccines for all of the diseases that MMR and DTaP protect against. Fewer Shots—Same Protection Some examples of common combination vaccines for children are: Combination vaccines take two or more vaccines that could be given individually and put them into one • Comvax, which combines Hib and Hep B shot. Children get the same protection as they do from • Twinrix, which combines Hep A and Hep B individual vaccines given separately—but with fewer shots. • Pediarix, which combines DTaP, Hep B, and IPV (polio) So, at a doctor’s visit, your child may only get two or three shots to protect him from five diseases, instead of five • ProQuad, which combines MMR and individual shots. Fewer shots may mean less pain for your varicella (chickenpox) child and less stress for you. • Kinrix, which combines DTaP and IPV (polio) • Pentacel, which combines DTaP, IPV (polio), and Hib To learn about the diseases that vaccines prevent, visit: http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd-vac/fact-sheet-parents.html Fewer Shots—On Time Protection Combination vaccines help parents, doctors, and nurses keep children up-to-date on vaccines. Combining vaccines into fewer shots may mean that more children will get recommended vaccinations on time. -
HIV Infection and AIDS
G Maartens 12 HIV infection and AIDS Clinical examination in HIV disease 306 Prevention of opportunistic infections 323 Epidemiology 308 Preventing exposure 323 Global and regional epidemics 308 Chemoprophylaxis 323 Modes of transmission 308 Immunisation 324 Virology and immunology 309 Antiretroviral therapy 324 ART complications 325 Diagnosis and investigations 310 ART in special situations 326 Diagnosing HIV infection 310 Prevention of HIV 327 Viral load and CD4 counts 311 Clinical manifestations of HIV 311 Presenting problems in HIV infection 312 Lymphadenopathy 313 Weight loss 313 Fever 313 Mucocutaneous disease 314 Gastrointestinal disease 316 Hepatobiliary disease 317 Respiratory disease 318 Nervous system and eye disease 319 Rheumatological disease 321 Haematological abnormalities 322 Renal disease 322 Cardiac disease 322 HIV-related cancers 322 306 • HIV INFECTION AND AIDS Clinical examination in HIV disease 2 Oropharynx 34Neck Eyes Mucous membranes Lymph node enlargement Retina Tuberculosis Toxoplasmosis Lymphoma HIV retinopathy Kaposi’s sarcoma Progressive outer retinal Persistent generalised necrosis lymphadenopathy Parotidomegaly Oropharyngeal candidiasis Cytomegalovirus retinitis Cervical lymphadenopathy 3 Oral hairy leucoplakia 5 Central nervous system Herpes simplex Higher mental function Aphthous ulcers 4 HIV dementia Kaposi’s sarcoma Progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy Teeth Focal signs 5 Toxoplasmosis Primary CNS lymphoma Neck stiffness Cryptococcal meningitis 2 Tuberculous meningitis Pneumococcal meningitis 6 -
Rubella (German Measles)
Rubella (German Measles) Frequently Asked Questions What is rubella? Rubella is a common childhood disease caused by a virus. It can last one to five days and is generally a mild disease. Who gets rubella? Rubella can affect anyone of any age. Once you have had the infection you are usually immune and cannot catch it again. There are still cases of rubella around the world where populations are not vaccinated against the disease. How do people get rubella? When an infected person coughs or sneezes, the virus is released into the air and enters another person’s body through the nose or throat. Rubella is contagious seven days before and seven days after the rash appears. The rubella virus may also be found in the blood, urine, and stool of people who have the illness. What are the symptoms of rubella? Symptoms of rubella show up 14 to 21 days after exposure. Symptoms are often mild, and up to half of people infected with rubella virus have no symptoms at all. Symptoms include: • Low-grade fever • Swollen glands or lymph nodes • Rash • Small red bumps on the roof of the mouth (known as Forchheimer’s sign) • Dry, flaking skin • Swollen or bloodshot eyes • Stuffy nose • Joint pain and swelling (arthritis) • Loss of appetite • Headache Are there complications with a rubella virus infection? Rubella is usually a mild disease in children; adults tend to have more complications. The most serious danger of rubella is to pregnant women and the developing fetus. A miscarriage or premature delivery may occur in pregnant women.