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6 X 10.5 Three Line Title.P65 Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-72032-8 - Inside the Radical Right: The Development of Anti-Immigrant Parties in Western Europe David Art Index More information Index Abramowicz, Manuel, 69, 73 moderation, 227–229 Action Française, 106, 120 positions on immigration, 26, 228–229 activists Anciaux, Vic, 142 definition, 19–20 Andersson, Hans-Olaf, 93 electoral performance, 33–40 Andersson, Sten, 96 reverse causation, 56 Andres, Bernard, 201 heterogeneity of, 31 Annemans, Gerolf, 114 interviews with, 26–27 anni di piombo, 41, 211 number of, 34–35 Anschluss, 115 political experience, 33 antifascism SES, 33 Italy, 210, 211, 212 SES protests, 47–48 cross-national comparison of, 49–53 Germany, 190–192 skills, 37 Great Britain, 100 social costs, 47–49 Netherlands, 84–85 types, 20, 31–33 Sweden, 87, 93–94 Adenauer, Konrad, 192, 194 Wallonia, 76 AFA, 93, 94 anti-Semitism, 32, 38 Ahl, Egil, 92 Austria, 115 Åkesson, Jimmie, 87, 90 France, 120 Aktion Widerstand, 199 Germany, 193 Albertazzi, Daniele, 226, 227 Great Britain, 98 Albia, 119 Wallonia, 73, 76 Algeria, 41, 121, 122 APS, 168–169 Algérie française, 40, 121, 122 Arku, Paul, 71 Aliot, Louis, 124 Arrighi, Pascal, 132 Allen, William Sheridan, 237 Arzheimer, Kai, 16 Allensbach Institute, 192 Attersee Circle, 119 Almirante, Giorgio, 209, 210, 211 AUNS, 173 AN, 223, 229 Auty, Colin, 103 dissolution, 229 first coalition with Berlusconi, 224 B&H, 88 founding, 222 Bachelot, François, 132 263 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-72032-8 - Inside the Radical Right: The Development of Anti-Immigrant Parties in Western Europe David Art Index More information 264 Index Bailey, Bob, 104 Bomhoff, Eduard, 183 Barre, Raymond, 131 Bondevik, Kjell, 164 Basic Law (Germany), 194 Borbouse, Jean-Pierre, 72 Bastien, Marguerite, 69–70, 75 Bossi, Umberto, 56, 57, 58, 224, Beackon, Derek, 99, 100 225 Beggiato, Ettore, 218 early career, 217 Belgium, 25 media, 222 Bengtsson, Tina, 89 obsession with party organization, 216, Bergier Commission, 172 218 Bergier, Jean-François, 172 radicalization of the LN, 225–226 Berlusconi, Silvio, 190, 212, 222 recruitment of activists, 220 control of media, 222 second coalition government, 227 electoral alliance with the AN and LN, 222 stroke, 227 fall of first coalition, 225 Bottai, Giuseppe, 223 first coalition government, 224 Bouvin, John, 177 second coalition government, 226 BP, 78 statement about Mussolini, 223 Brandt, Willy, 202 support for the MSI, 222 Brinkman, Hero, 186, 187 Betz, Hans-Georg, 11 Brookman, Henry, 79, 80, 82 BGB, 169 BSS, 88, 89, 178 BHE, 193, 194, 195, 196 Bubelpartei, 137 Bijlhout, Philomena, 182 BUF, 98 Biorcio, Roberto, 220 Bull, Anna Cento, 225 Birenbaum, Guy, 125, 133 Burnley, 101 Bizeul, Daniel, 125 Burschenschaften, 117 Bjørklund, Tor, 163 BZÖ, 141 Bleich, Erik, 234 Blocher, Christoph, 43, 166, 170, 175 Cachafeiro, Margarita, 216, 219 anti-EU, 173 Calderoli, Roberto, 227 debate on wartime past, 172 Cambedelis, Jean-Christophe, 128 party organization, 173 CAMDA, 67 Blot, Yvan, 131 campaign effects, 34–35 BNP, 38, 39, 61, 98–105, 191, 239 Camre, Mogens, 149 activists candidate quality, 8, 35 lack of, 99 canvassing, 35 antifascist protests, 100 Capoccia, Giovanni, 233 biological racism, 12 Carinthia, 119, 136, 141 criminality, 104–105 cartel parties, 15 electoral breakthrough Carter, Elisabeth, 13, 16, 19, 20, 25 (see also Millwall), 99–100 cartoon controversy, 149 European elections, 63 case selection extremism, 39, 102 countries, 25 factionalism, 100, 102–103 parties, 5, 25–26 incompetence, 100, 104–105 Castelli, Roberto, 227 membership list leak, 104 CD, 35, 61, 77–86 moderates, 101–102 activists modernization of, 101–102 lack of, 81–82 modernizers, 100 antifascist protests, 84–85 origins, 99 cordon sanitaire, 82 relations with the FN, 100–101 criminality, 82 social sanctions, 103–104 electoral rules, 17 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-72032-8 - Inside the Radical Right: The Development of Anti-Immigrant Parties in Western Europe David Art Index More information Index 265 extremism, 82, 85 Decree Against Radicals (Germany), 202 founding of, 80 Degen, Franz, 201 incompetence, 82 Degrelle, Léon, 65, 66 media, 85 Delacroix, Michel, 74, 76–77 social sanctions against, 82–85 Delta Nord, 67 Central and Eastern Europe (CEE), 25 Delwit, Pascal, 68, 69 charismatic leader thesis, 8, 56–57 denazification Chirac, Jacques, 9, 126, 127, 134 Austria, 116 Club d’Horloge, 131 Germany, 194 Cobain, Ian, 103 Detraux, Francis, 71 Cocriamont, Patrick, 67, 68, 71, 73, 76 Deutsche Liga für Volk und Codreanu, Corneliu, 223 Heimat, 201 cohesion, 35–37 Deutsche National-Zeitung, 203 collaboration, 40 Dewinter, Filip, 113, 146 Austria, 41 DF, 154–158 Flanders, 109–111 activists France (see also Vichy), 122 SES, 49–51, 158 Netherlands, 78 centralization, 154–155 Wallonia, 66 cordon sanitaire (lack of), 156–157 Collett, Mark, 103, 104 extremism, 155–156 Committee TV, 122, 124, 126 factionalism, 155 comparative historical analysis, 5, 6 founding, 154 competence, 37 media, 157 Conway, Martin, 66 social sanctions (lack of), 157–158 cordon sanitaire views on Islam, 150 definition, 23 Diamanti, Ilvo, 226 effects, 44–47 Diksmude, 108 timing, 23–24, 47 Dillen, Karl, 113 Cosy Party, 153 disproportionality, 16 Coveliers, Hugo, 145 DNSAP, 152 CP, 79–80 DNSP, 155 CP’86, 80, 81, 82, 85 Dorzee, Hugues, 76 Craxi, Bettino, 212, 224 Dossogne, Francis, 67 criminality, 35, 38 Downs, Anthony, 235 critical junctures, 107 Downson, James, 104 DP, 193, 194, 195, 196 Danielsen, Dag, 162 Dreux, 45, 126, 127, 130, 147 Danish Forum, 155 DRP, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197 Dansk Front, 155 Duprat, Francois, 123 De Benoist, Alain, 131 DVU, 201, 204, 206, 207 de Clercq, Staf, 111 membership, 34 de Gaulle, Charles, 122 De Jong, Winny, 182 EDU, 168 De Marsanich, Alfredo, 210, 213 Egmont Pact, 112 De Winter, Lieven, 143 Ekeroth, Kent, 92 Debbaudt, Jean-Robert, 66 Ekstrabladet, 155, 157 Deckert, Günther, 204, 205 electoral breakthrough, 4 decolonization electoral de-alignment, 10 Belgium, 66 electoral failure France, 41, 59, 121 causes of, 5 Netherlands, 62, 78 electoral persistence, 4, 5, 7 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-72032-8 - Inside the Radical Right: The Development of Anti-Immigrant Parties in Western Europe David Art Index More information 266 Index electoral success of radical right theories of, 232–233 parties Wallonia, 65 operationalization, 4 FDF, 67 electoral system, 16–17 Federal Constitutional Court (Germany), Flanders, 3 194, 195 France, 63 Féret, Daniel, 56, 57, 64, 67, 71 Great Britain, 62–63 ejection from FNb, 76 Netherlands, 62 factionalism, 69–70 Sweden, 62 founding of FNb, 68 Wallonia, 3 legal problems, 74 ethnopluralism, 11, 18, 32, 38, 39, 101 recruitment of activists, 72–73 FN, 130, 132 Fiamma Tricolore, 227 FPÖ, 147 Fini, Gianfranco, 212, 222, 238 Eurobarometer, 14 attitudes toward fascism, 223 European Commission against Racism and distances from fascism, 228 Intolerance (ECRI), 236 Foreign Minister, 228 European Social Survey, 15 media, 222 Evian Accords, 122 popularity, 228 expert survey Finland, 24 anti-immigration of RRPs, 25 FJ, 67, 68 of radical right party organization, 21 flash parties, 1, 22, 43, 56 extremist subculture, 23, 43 Flemish Movement, 65, 108–109 Germany, 42 Flemish Song Festival, 144 Great Britain, 98 FN, 1, 5, 45, 123–135 Sweden, 88 activists extremists Algerian connection, 124–125 benefits of, 39 opportunists, 132 coalition markets, 38 SES, 49–51, 132–133 cordon sanitaire, 46 cooperation with conservative parties, 128 definition, 32 cordon sanitaire (lack of), 126–130 factionalism, 36, 37 electoral breakthrough in Dreux, 126 electoral rules, 16 factionalism, 35–37 European Constitution, 10 far right European Elections in 1984, 130 definition, 10 Executive Bureau, 124 Germany extremism, 123 failure of, 193–195 founding, 123 Farage, Nigel, 104 legislative elections in 1986, 129 fascism, 32 membership, 34 and the AN, 223 model for other radical right parties, 30 and the MSI, 214 party split, 36, 133–134 Austria, 115–116 Political Bureau, 124, 131 Denmark, 152 relations with the Socialists, 129 Flanders, 109 subculture, 58 Germany, 189, 192–193 traverse through the desert, 123, 124 Great Britain, 98 FNationale, 70–71, 75 Italy, 18, 41, 189, 209 FNb, 19, 27, 61, 63–77 memory of, 223–224 activists legacy of, 237–238 lack of, 68–69 Netherlands, 77–78 SES, 49–51 Sweden, 87–88 and antifascist protests, 76 Switzerland, 167 anti-Semitism, 73, 76 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-72032-8 - Inside the Radical Right: The Development of Anti-Immigrant Parties in Western Europe David Art Index More information Index 267 cordon sanitaire, 74 GDP, 196 criminality, 73–74, 75 Gerber, Alan, 35 extremists, 64–65, 73–74 Giannini, Guglielmo, 209 factionalism, 69–72 Gilbert, Mark, 225 incompetence, 73 Gilson, Daniel, 67 FNB, 70, 75 Ginsborg, Paul, 210, 223 Forr, Gudleiv, 164 Giorgetti, Giancarlo, 227 Fortuyn, Pim, 9, 179–181, 185 Girardi, Graziano, 217 Forza Italia, 216, 222, 225, 228 Givens, Terri, 13, 38 FPÖ, 2, 3, 116–120, 135–142 Glimmerveen, Johaan Georg, 78, 79 activists Glistrup, Mogens, 57, 153, 156 opportunists, 136–137 Globke, Hans, 194 SES, 49–51, 117, 139 Gollnisch, Bruno, 124, 130 competence, 140 Goodwin, Matthew, 102 consociationalism, 10 Graham, Sadie, 103 Contract of Democracy, 138 Grand
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