Elizabeth Blake, Saint Louis University [email protected]

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Elizabeth Blake, Saint Louis University Slavic57@Yahoo.Com

“Tolstoian Economy and Dostoevskian Expansiveness in the Engagement of the Polish Question in Anna Karenina and Brat'ia Karamazovy.” Elizabeth Blake, Saint Louis University [email protected] Dostoevsky's incarnation of Polish nationalism (Pan Mussialovich and Pan Vrublevskii) and the Russian idea (Mitya and Grushenka) at Mokroe in the confrontation between representatives of these two Slavic nations, expansively betrays the author's animosity toward Polish exiles in the depiction of the Poles' aristocratic pretensions, civilized affectations, contempt for peasants, and cardsharping. Dostoevsky, whose familiarity with the Polish Question dates from his acquaintance with the Petrashevtsy, had been reminded during his 1867- 68 residence in Geneva and Vevey of the close relations between Polish revolutionaries and the Herzen Circle, with which he engaged in frequent polemics in his novels of the 1870s. Although the Russification of Poland appears to amount to little more than parlor talk in Anna Karenina, this not atypical Tolstoian economy introduces into the narrative the theme of Russo-Polish relations, which Levin later engages in connection with a Pole profiting from an absentee estate owner during this period of land reform. Tolstoy's meeting with the Polish historian and prominent 1830 revolutionary Joachim Lelewel, his excitement at traveling to Warsaw in 1861, and correspondence with Herzen attest to Tolstoy's conscious awareness of issues threatening the liberty of Poles, which included the agrarian reforms implemented in the Congress Kingdom by Tsar Alexander II in the wake of the 1863 Uprising. This paper in addressing issues of conservation of patrimony, the Russification of the Congress Kingdom, and the Russo-Turkish conflict as presented in Anna Karenina and Brat'ia Karamazovy will demonstrate that the two nineteenth-century novelists share a certain Russo-centrism in their outlook, in contrast with some of their progressive contemporaries in exile, such as Mikhail Bakunin, who envisioned not an All-Russian Empire but a Panslav federation. .

Copy Link

Recommended publications

The University of Vilnius
04_04_lt_eng.docx THE UNIVERSITY OF VILNIUS The University of Vilnius – one of the oldest and most famous establishments of higher education in Eastern and Central Europe, was founded in 1579. Functioning for a long time as the only school of higher learning in Lithuania, it was a preserver of cultural and scientific traditions, and has played a significant part in the cultural life not only of Lithuania, but the neighboring countries as well. During more than four centuries of its existence, the University of Vilnius has seen periods of growth and decline, revival, and closure. The University is a unique witness to the history of the Lithuanian state. In 1773, the Jesuit order was dissolved in Europe and the University was taken over by the secular authority. After Lithuania was annexed by Russia, the University was renamed into Vilnius Principal School. In 1803, the University received a new statute and the title of the Imperial University of Vilnius. As a number of students and professors became engaged in the anti–tsarist movement, the University was closed down according to the orders of tsar Nicholas I, and it was not reopened until 1919. Vilnius and its region were then annexed by Poland, and the University functioned under the Polish auspices until 1939 by the name of Stephen Bathory University. In 1943, the University was closed down by the Nazis, and resumed its activities in the autumn of 1944. Though restrained by the Soviet system, Vilnius University grew and gained force. Vilnius University started to free itself from the Soviet ideology in 1988 even before Lithuania regained independence in 1990.
[Show full text]
Steven Seegel CV Revised April 2020
Steven Seegel CV revised April 2020 Professor of Russian, Central and East European, and Eurasian History Department of History University of Northern Colorado, Box 116 Greeley, Colorado 80639 USA Office: 970-351-2082 Email: [email protected] EMPLOYMENT 2017-present Professor, Department of History, University of Northern Colorado 2012-2017 Associate Professor, Department of History, University of Northern Colorado 2008-2012 Assistant Professor, Department of History, University of Northern Colorado 2008 Director, Harvard Ukrainian Summer Institute, Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute (HURI), Harvard University 2008 Guest Curator, “Visualizing Ukraine: A Western Cartographic Perspective,” Pusey Library Exhibit, Harvard University 2007-2008 Visiting Assistant Professor, Department of History and Political Science, Worcester State College 2006-2007 Eugene and Daymel Shklar Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute, Harvard University 2005-2006 Lecturer, Department of History, University of Tennessee-Knoxville 2005-present Translator (Russian and Polish) of nearly 300 source entries, Geoffrey Megargee and Martin C. Dean, eds., The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, 1933-1945, 7 vols., United States Holocaust Memorial Museum and Indiana University Press (2009 and 2011) 1995-1999 Library Assistant and Database Designer, Special Collections Department of Genealogy, Local History and Rare Books, Buffalo and Erie County Public Library, Buffalo, New York EDUCATION Ph.D.,
[Show full text]
The Power of Illusions: Enlightenment, Romanticism, and National Catastrophe in Poland
THE POWER OF ILLUSIONS: ENLIGHTENMENT, ROMANTICISM, AND NATIONAL CATASTROPHE IN POLAND Leszek Koczanowicz Abstract: The aim of the paper is to show the consequences of the loss of independence for the public discourse in Poland in the context of 19th comparison between Poland and Spain. The loss of independence is considered a “catastrophe” so the first part of the paper deals with the meaning of the concept of catastrophe. In the second part, the author tracks the traces of this catastrophe in Polish literature in 19th and 20th century using as the examples texts of such authors as Krasicki, Lelewel, Mickiewicz, Prus, Brun, and Gombrowicz. Drawing on psychoanalysis the author argues that in Polish discourse the sophisticated system of illusions have been developed which has helped to maintain Polish national identity during the times of oppression. The paper ends with the question about the usefulness of this system of illusions in independent Poland after 1989. I. Introduction: The Concept of Catastrophe as a Theoretical Category Catastrophe appears in the humanities and social sciences in various theoretical and empirical contexts. It is closely associated with the concept of event, which is becoming a paramount notion in the humanities at present. In his genealogy of the concept of event, Martin Jay shows how introducing “the event” into the humanities was interconnected with the dismantling of structuralist supremacy. Analyzing the meaning of the event in “French theory,” Jay concludes: “for them no event is a ‘current event.’ If it has any basic temporality, it is that of future anterior (sometimes called the future perfect), the time of what will come to be a completed past in what will be the future.
[Show full text]
Kyiv's Intellectual Environment on the Eve of the Valuev Directive, EWJUS
Kyiv’s Intellectual Environment on the Eve of the Valuev Directive Valentyna Shandra National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy Translated by Vitaly Chernetsky, Olena Ivanenko; emendated by Ksenia Maryniak Abstract: The article discusses the conditions which galvanized the intellectual community in Kyiv prior to the 1863 January Uprising (aka Polish Insurrection of 1863-64). It analyzes local press coverage of the language debate, and delves into the worldviews of its participants, including Mykhailo Maksymovych, Mykhailo Iuzefovych, Mykola Kostomarov, Ksenofont Hovors'kyi, and others. It identifies how and why the results of this debate influenced the issuance of the 1863 Valuev Directive, which banned the use of the Ukrainian language in print. Keywords: language debate, Kyiv intellectual community, Valuev Directive. n 29 June 1862, the Imperial Russian War Minister Dmitrii Miliutin O wrote to the Chief of Gendarmes Vasilii Dolgorukov: “I consider it necessary to convey to Your Excellency the secret information about the events in Kyiv shared with me by the Governor General of the Court of His Imperial Majesty, Count Sievers, adding that I personally read the attached note to His Majesty the Emperor” (Savchenko 183). What was it that impressed the count so much in Kyiv, which he visited in early 1862 as a representative of the War Ministry, observing military installations and the moods of the peasantry—leading to his report being shared not only with key members of the cabinet but also with Tsar Alexander II himself? In the streets of Kyiv he saw many young people, mostly students, in “Little Russian” dress. After gathering some information privately and consulting a report by the governor of Kyiv gubernia, Lieutenant General P.
[Show full text]
Thomas Żebrowski – the Disciple of Joseph Stepling
ACTA UNIVERSITATIS CAROLINAE – HISTORIA UNIVERSITATIS CAROLINAE PRAGENSIS 2017 Tomus LVII. Fasc. 2 Pag. 71–77 THOMAS ŻEBROWSKI – THE DISCIPLE OF JOSEPH STEPLING NIJOLĖ BULOTAITĖ THOMAS ŻEBROWSKI, JOSEPH STEPLING’S STUDENT In early eighteenth century, with the arrival of the Age of Enlightenment, the Jesuit Academy in Vilnius started to introduce various reforms. Political turmoil and the need to modernise the school system led to the introduction of Modern philosophy and science into the curriculum. Special attention was paid to mathematics and natural sciences, and this held even after the abolition of the Jesuit Order. Thomas Żebrowski, a talented mathematician, astronomer, and architect, was sent to Prague to learn about new methods and achievements of astronomy and mathematics from Joseph Stepling. He studied in Prague in 1751–1752. Upon his return to Vilnius, he started to teach mathematics, founded a cabinet of physics and mathematics, and in 1753, established an observatory. He kept in touch with Joseph Stepling and consulted him on various subjects including teaching, experimentation, and construction of an astronomic observatory. Ideas he brought from Prague had formed the foundation of ad- vancement of mathematics and astronomy at the Vilnius University, where they were further developed by his students and contributed to a high level of exact sciences, which was maintained until 1832, when the university was closed. Professor Żebrowski, whose career was short but productive, left behind an almost finished astronomical obser- vatory, a modern museum of mathematics, and a legacy of public scientific activities. He is also considered one of the most important late Baroque architects in Lithuania.
[Show full text]
History Joachim Lelewel's Edda of 1807
FOLIA SCANDINAVICA VOL. 22 POZNAŃ 2017 HISTORY DOI: 10.1515/fsp - 2017 - 000 3 JOACHIM LELEWEL’S EDDA OF 1807 A NNETT K RAKOW University of Silesia A BSTRACT . This article focuses on Joachim Lelewel’s interest in Old Norse literature as reflected in his paper on Old Norse literature delivered in 1806 and his book Edda that was published a year later. Lelewel’s Edda comprises the first Polish translation (partly as a concise retelling) of selected parts of the French translation of the Poetic Edda and the Snorra Edda as included in Paul Henri Mallet’s Monumens de la myt hologie [...] published in 1756. Lelewel’s work is placed in the context of the rising interest in this literature before 1800, whereby special attention is put on the sources Lelewel resorted to, in particular Mallet’s publications and articles in the Fre nch literary magazine Magasin Encyclopedique . Comparing the Eddas in Lelewel’s and Mallet’s publications, one can, among other things, note that Lelewel (1) ignores the literary value of the dialogue form in Gylfaginning due to a narrow focus on the mythol ogical content (2) relates the migration of the Scyth ian s to northern Europe in his introduction which thus serves as a substitute for the missing Prologue to the Snorra Edda and (3) partly deviates from Mallet in his footnotes. Aspects (2) and (3) can als o be linked back to Lelewel’s use of Magasin Encyclopedique . 1. ON THE RELEVANCE OF STUDYING LELEWEL’S INTEREST IN THE OLD NORSE WORLD Joachim Lelewel (1786 - 1861) was an eminent figure in the Polish humanities, best known for his influential works on, for instance, Polish history and the history of geography.
[Show full text]
Political Murder and the Victory of Ethnic Nationalism in Interwar Poland
POLITICAL MURDER AND THE VICTORY OF ETHNIC NATIONALISM IN INTERWAR POLAND by Paul Brykczynski A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (History) in the University of Michigan 2013 Doctoral Committee: Professor Brian Porter-Szűcs, Chair Professor Ronald G. Suny Professor Geneviéve Zubrzycki Professor Robert Blobaum, University of West Virginia DEDICATION In memory of my Grandfather, Andrzej Pieczyński, who never talked about patriotism but whose life bore witness to its most beautiful traditions and who, among many other things, taught me both to love the modern history of Poland and to think about it critically. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS In a project such as this, there are innumerable people to thank. While I know that this list will never be comprehensive, I will nevertheless do my best to acknowledge at least some of those without whom this work would not have been possible. Most important, there will never be a way to adequately thank my wife and best friend, Andrea, for standing by me 150% through this long and often difficult journey. Working on a PhD certainly has its ups and downs and, without Andrea, I would not have made it through the latter. Her faith in my work and in the path I had chosen never wavered, even when mine occasionally did. With that kind of support, one can accomplish anything one set one’s mind to. An enormous thank you must go to my parents, Mikołaj and Ewa Brykczyński. Despite being uprooted from their culture by the travails of political emigration, they somehow found the strength to raise me with the traditions of the Central European Intelligentsia—that is to say in an environment where books were read, ideas were discussed, and intellectual curiosity was valued and encouraged.
[Show full text]
Imaginations and Configurations of Polish Society. from the Middle
Imaginations and Configurations of Polish Society Polen: Kultur – Geschichte – Gesellschaft Poland: Culture – History – Society Herausgegeben von / Edited by Yvonne Kleinmann Band 3 / Volume 3 Imaginations and Configurations of Polish Society From the Middle Ages through the Twentieth Century Edited by Yvonne Kleinmann, Jürgen Heyde, Dietlind Hüchtker, Dobrochna Kałwa, Joanna Nalewajko-Kulikov, Katrin Steffen and Tomasz Wiślicz WALLSTEIN VERLAG Gedruckt mit Unterstützung der Deutsch-Polnischen Wissenschafts- stiftung (DPWS) und der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (Emmy Noether- Programm, Geschäftszeichen KL 2201/1-1). Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.d-nb.de abrufbar. © Wallstein Verlag, Göttingen 2017 www.wallstein-verlag.de Vom Verlag gesetzt aus der Garamond und der Frutiger Umschlaggestaltung: Susanne Gerhards, Düsseldorf © SG-Image unter Verwendung einer Fotografie (Y. Kleinmann) von »Staffel«, Nationalstadion Warschau Lithografie: SchwabScantechnik, Göttingen ISBN (Print) 978-3-8353-1904-2 ISBN (E-Book, pdf) 978-3-8353-2999-7 Contents Acknowledgements . IX Note on Transliteration und Geographical Names . X Yvonne Kleinmann Introductory Remarks . XI An Essay on Polish History Moshe Rosman How Polish Is Polish History? . 19 1. Political Rule and Medieval Society in the Polish Lands: An Anthropologically Inspired Revision Jürgen Heyde Introduction to the Medieval Section . 37 Stanisław Rosik The »Baptism of Poland«: Power, Institution and Theology in the Shaping of Monarchy and Society from the Tenth through Twelfth Centuries . 46 Urszula Sowina Spaces of Communication: Patterns in Polish Towns at the Turn of the Middle Ages and the Early Modern Times . 54 Iurii Zazuliak Ius Ruthenicale in Late Medieval Galicia: Critical Reconsiderations .
[Show full text]
From Alchemy to the Present Day - the Choice of Biographies of Polish Scientists
From alchemy to the present day - the choice of biographies of Polish scientists Editors: Małgorzata Nodzyńska Paweł Cieśla From alchemy to the present day - the choice of biographies of Polish scientists Editors: Małgorzata Nodzyńska Paweł Cieśla PEADAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY OF KRAKÓW Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Education KRAKÓW 2012 Editors: dr Małgorzata Nodzyńska, dr Paweł Cieśla Reviewers: dr Iwona Stawoska, dr Agnieszka Kania Scientific Advisor: dr hab. prof. UP Krzysztof Kruczała ISBN 978-83-7271-768-9 4 Introduction 5 Science should not have borders, however... ...in many publications describing new science achievements it provides not only a workplace of the scientist - university or country - but often the nationality of the scientist. Moreover when new discovery happens sometimes a problem occurs which scientific institution was the first and who was the discoverer. We all remember the dark years of third and fourth daceades of the twentieth cen- tury and totalitarian ideologies such as fascism in Germany and Stalinism in the Soviet Union, where not only the social sciences but also natural sciences, mathematics and logic have become equally ideological doctrines such as the so-called teaching about race ‚Rassenkunde’. Remembering those dark years of science we try to do research in isolation from ideology and nationality. However, knowledge of the facts and science developments in the country, getting to know the scientists and their discoveries certainly are factors of enabling to understand of the culture of the country and its specificity. Therefore, we give into your hands a booklet briefly showing the development of science in Poland and presenting a few dozens of Polish scientists.
[Show full text]
Five Biographical Profiles
1 Five Biographical Proﬁles The following pages offer a brief account of the key episodes in my historians’ lives and of the milestones in their intellectual output. A pragmatic, rather than analytical, approach is adopted and the information presented here follows the dictates of my comparative perspective, as well as my objective of providing a backdrop to the principal concerns of the book. Thus, whilst these mini-biographies seek to be as informative as possible, they necessarily involve an element of selectivity and are by no means exhaustive. A more comprehensive picture can be constructed through recourse to the secondary literature listed in the Bibliography. LELEWEL Born in 1786 into a family with a heterogeneous ethnic background, Lelewel liked to claim that he did not possess a drop of Polish blood: his father’s ancestors were Huguenots who settled in War- saw in the early eighteenth century, whilst his mother descended from a Polish-Ruthenian land-owning family.¹ Lelewel’s father, an alumnus of Gottingen¨ University, rose to prominence in public life and participated in the reform programme introduced by the court of King Stanisław August. He sent the eldest of his nine children, Joachim, to be educated in the leading Polish educational institution of the age, the Collegium Nobilium Scholarum Piarum. Opened in 1740 by the eminent Piarist reform pedagogue Stanisław Konarski, this was a distinguished boarding ¹ My account of Lelewel’s life draws heavily on Joan Skurnewicz’s monograph, Romantic Nationalism and Liberalism: Joachim Lelewel and the Polish National Idea (New York, 1981). I also relied on Stefan Kieniewicz’s book, Joachim Lelewel (Warsaw, 1990) and on the chapter ‘Joachim Lelewel’ by John D.
[Show full text]
The Origins of Modern Polish Democracy Carries the Story Through to the Present Day
1 ||| An Introduction to Polish Democratic Thought Daniel Z. Stone The present volume builds on an earlier publication, Polish Democratic Thought from the Renaissance to the Great Emigration: Essays and Docu- ments, which was dedicated to the May 3, 1791, constitution and appeared shortly before its bicentenary.1 The constitution provided a symbol of Polish determination to create a modern democratic state embracing all elements of the Polish nation through peaceful, or at least bloodless, action. These qualities were what made the eighteenth-century political philosopher Edmund Burke call it “the most pure . public good which ever has been conferred on mankind,” in sharp contrast to the bloodstained French Revo- lution, which Burke abhorred.2 These qualities, in 1918, also led the newly independent Poland to choose May 3 for its national holiday. The Commu- nist government shifted the holiday to nearby May 1 to celebrate the labor movement, but the May 3 holiday returned when Communism fell. Polish communities in the diaspora celebrated May 3 without interruption. The essays in the earlier volume discuss the period from about 1500 to the 1840s, with reference to later events, and significant laws and political manifestos in English translation and in the Polish or Latin original provide additional background. The essays in the current volume cover the period from the 1860s to the present. In both volumes, the term “thought” is taken in its broadest sense to include both the written word and the organizational activities needed to put abstract ideas of democracy into practice. Amusingly, in a volume that rejects the Communist era as dictatorial and foreign-inspired, the approach is one of praxis, or putting thought into action, an approach that was adopted by Marxists to show the practical significance of abstract ideas.
[Show full text]
Research. Dilemmas. Solutions. the 12Th Baltic States Triennial Conservators’ Meeting
RESEARCH. DILEMMAS. SOLUTIONS. THE 12TH BALTIC STATES TRIENNIAL CONSERVATORS’ MEETING Vilnius, Lithuania, 2020 PREPRINTS Lietuvos nacionalinis dailės muziejus The Lithuanian National Museum of Art Vilnius 2020 The project THE LITHUANIAN COUNCIL FOR CULTURE is financed by Editor Prof. Dr. Jūratė Senvaitienė Associated editors Laima Janina Vedrickienė Janina Lukšėnienė Assistant editors Sandra Garšvienė Vytautė Lukšėnienė Rytė Šimaitė Designed by Vidas Čerkauskas Compiled by THE LITHUANIAN NATIONAL MUSEUM OF ART PRANAS GUDYNAS CONSERVATION CENTRE Editorial note THE VIEWS EXPRESSED BY INDIVIDUAL AUTHORS IN ARTICLES PRINTED IN THE PREPRINTS ARE THEIR OWN AND DO NOT NECESSARILY REFLECT THOSE OF THE EDITORS The bibliographical information on the publication is presented in the National Bank of Bibliography of the Martynas Mažvydas National Library of Lithuania (NBDB) © The Lithuanian National Museum of Art Pranas Gudynas Conservation Centre, 2020 © Authors of papers and posters, 2020 © Vidas Čerkauskas, 2020 ISBN 978-609-426-143-5 Contents Arūnas Gelūnas WELCOME 17 Chapter [ One ] Papers Author/Authors THEME Page Kristina Aas ICONS OF THE PIIRISSAARE OLD BELIEVERS’ PRAYER HOUSE – FROM FIRE TO RESTORATION 21 Tatevik Amirkhanyan SEQUENCE, PECULIARITIES AND RESULTS OF THE WORK WITH VARNISH LAYER OF H. AIVAZOVSKY’S “THATCHED MILL. SUNSET” 31 Jurga Bagdzevičienė REVIEW OF RESEARCH AND Bronislava Kunkulienė CONSERVATION METHODS Janina Lukšėnienė OF BALTIC AMBER ARTIFACTS Jūratė Senvaitienė IN PRANAS GUDYNAS CONSERVATION CENTRE 39 Deimantė Baubaitė OLDEST SADDLE IN LITHUANIA: Povilas Blaževičius FROM THE TRENCH TO Jurgita Kalėjienė THE SHOWCASE 48 Rūtilė Pukienė Rasa Bertašiūtė CARPENTRY:HIDDEN BEAUTY OF ARCHITECTURE 64 Maria Oleksandrivna THE HISTORY AND RESTORATION OF Borysenko THE ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN PROJECTS FOR THE FIRST FIVE STATIONS OF THE KYIV METRO: DNIPRO, ARSENALNA, KHRESHCHATYK, UNIVERSYTET AND VOKZALNA FROM THE STOCK COLLECTION OF THE NATIONAL CONSERVATION AREA “ST.
[Show full text]