NOTES

Chapter 1: Liverpool Underneath 1809-32 1. S.G.Checkland, The Gladstonea, A Family Biography 1764-1851, Cambridge University Press, 1971, pp. 414-16 2. John Brooke and Mary Sorensen, eds., The Prime Ministers' Papers: W.E.Gladstone I: Autobiographica, H.M.S.O., 1971, p. 13 3. W.R.Ward, Victorian Oxford, F.Cass, 1965, particularly pp. 50 ff.; also David Newsome, The Parting of Friends. A Study of the Wilberforces and Henry Manning, Murray, 1966, pp. 62 ff. 4. Brooke and Sorensen, op. cit., p. 35 5. ibid., pp. 220-29 6. M.R.D.Foot, ed., The Gladstone Diaries, Oxford University Press, 1968, vol. I, pp. 495,473. See also W.E.Gladstone, 'The Evangelical Movement; its parentage, progress and issue', Gleanings of Past Years, John Murray, 1879, vol. vn, pp. 201-41 284 · Glad8tone Chapter 2: The Rising Hope 1832-41 1. A.F. Robbins, The Early Public Life of William Ewart Gladstone, Methuen, 1894, pp. 116-18 2. S.G.Checkland, The Gladstones. A Family Biography 1764-1851, Cambridge University Press, 1971, p. 259 3. John Brooke and Mary Sorensen, eds., The Prime Ministers' Papers: W.E.Gladstoneii: Autobiographical Memoranda, H.M.S.O., 1972, p. 5 4. Robbins, op. cit., pp. 134-5 5. B.Disraeli, Coningsby (Bradenham Edn), p. 97 6. O.Macdonagh, A Pattern of Government Growth, 1800-60: The Passenger Acts and their Enforcement, MacGibbon & Kee, 1961, pp. 85-9 7. N.Gash, Sir Robert Peel: The Life of Sir Robert Peel after 1830, Longman, 1972, pp. 121 ff. 8. P.Magnus, Gladstone: A Biography, Murray, 1954, pp. 23 ff. 9. M.R.D.Foot, ed., The Gladstone Diaries, Oxford University Press, 1968, vol. 11, pp. 189, 252, 23 August 1835 and 4 August 1836 10. Robbins, op. cit., p. 289 11. Select Committee on the Working of the Apprenticeship System in the Colonies, 1836 (560) xv. 1 and 1837 (510) vii. 745 12. A.R. Vidler, The Orb and the Cross, S.P.C.K., 1954, p. 44 13. Georgina Battiscombe, Mrs Gladstone: The Portrait of a Marriage, Constable, 1954, pp. 23 ff.

Chapter 3: Governing Packages 1841-6 1. F.E.Hyde, Mr Gladstone at the Board of Trade, Cobden, Sanderson, 1934, p. 43 2. John Brooke and Mary Sorensen, eds., The Prime Ministers' Papers: W.E.Gladstone II: Autobiographical Memoranda, H.M.S.O., 1972, p. 170 3. Lucy Brown, The Board of Trade and the Free Trade Movement 1830-1842, Oxford University Press, 1958, pp. 225 ff. 4. John Brooke and Mary Sorensen, eds., The Prime Ministers' Papers: W.E.Gladstone I: Autobiographica, H.M.S.O., 1971, p. 46 5. Hyde, op. cit., p. 73 6. H.Parris, Government and the Railways in Nineteenth Century Britain, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1965, pp. 55 ff. 7. W.P.Morrell, British Colonial Policy in the Age of Peel and Russell, Oxford University Press, 1930, pp. 393-4

Chapter 4: A Party of Observation 1846-53 1. W.R.Ward, Victorian Oxford, F.Cass, 1965, p. 44 2. J.B. Conacher, The Peelites and the Party System, 1846-52, David & Charles, Newton Abbot, 1972, pp. 23-4 3. D.C.Lathbury, ed., Correspondence on Church and Religion of W.E.Gladstone, John Murray, 1910, vol. II, p. 5 4. Conacher, op. cit., Appendix A Notes· 285 5. P.Magnus, Gladstone: A Biography, Murray, 1954, pp. 92-4 6. D.W.R.Bahlman, ed., The Diary of Sir Edward Hamilton, Oxford University Press, 1972, vol. I, pp. 269-70 7. J.Prest, Lord John Russell, Macmillan, 1972, pp. 275-9 8. E.S.Purcell, Life of Cardinal Manning, Macmillan, 1896, vol. I, pp. 569-75 9. R.Blake, Disraeli, Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1966, p. 297 10. Conacher, op. cit., p. 70 11. J. T. Ward, Sir James Graham, Macmillan, 1967, p. 257 12. R.Stewart, The Politics of Protection: Lord Derby and the Pro­ tectionist Party, 1841-1852, Cambridge University Press, 1971, p. 199

Chapter 5: A Most Rigid Economist 1853-8 1. J.Ridley, Palmerston, Constable, 1970, p. 105 2. A.C.Benson, Esher, Viscount and Buckle,G.E., eds., Letters of Queen Victoria 1837-61, John Murray, 1907-32, vol. II, p. 491 3. W.R.Ward, Victorian Oxford, F.Cass, 1965, p. 177 4. J.B.Conacher, The Aberdeen Coalition 1852-1855: A Study in Mid-Nineteenth-Century Party Politics, Cambridge University Press, 1968, p. 227 5. K. Martin, The Triumph of Lord Palmerston: A Study of Public Opinion in England before the Crimean War, Hutchinson, 1963, p. 153 6. O.Anderson, A Liberal State at War. English Politics and Economics during the Crimean War, Macmillan, 1967, pp. 194 ff. 7. E.Hughes, 'Sir Charles Trevelyan and Civil Service Reform, 1853-5', English Historical Review LXIV (1949), and 'Civil Service Reform, 1853-5', History XXVII (1942) 8. Conacher, op. cit., p. 340--41 9. ibid., p. 408 10. ibid., p. 532 11. W.D.James, Lord Derby and Victorian Conservatism, Oxford University Press, 1956, p. 218 12. W.E.Gladstone, Gleanings of Past Years, John Murray, 1879, vol. VI, p. 49

Chapter 6: Getting Unmuzzled 1858-65 1. Lord Stanmore, Sidney Herbert, Lord Herbert of Lea: A Memoir, John Murray, 1906, vol. II, pp. 167-8 2. ibid., vol. II, pp. 196-7 3. D.Read, Cobden and Bright: A Victorian Political Partnership, Arnold, 1967, pp. Ill ff. 4. A.A.Iliasu, 'The Cobden-Chevalier Commercial Treaty of 1860', Historical Journal XIV (1971) 5. P.Guedalla, ed., Gladstone and Palmerston, Gollancz, 1928, p. 212 6. ibid., p. 169 7. J.Ridley, Lord Palmerston, Constable, 1970, p. 497 8. J. R. Vincent, The Formation of the Liberal Party, 1857-1868, Con­ stable, 1966; Penguin Books, Harmondsworth, 1972, p. 219 286 • Gladstone 9. R. Harrison, Before the Socialists: Studies in Labour and Politics 1861.1881, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1965, pp. 40-77 10. G.M. Trevelyan, The Life of John Bright, Constable, 1913, p. 320 11. Georgina Battiscombe, Mrs Gladstone: The Portrait of a Marriage, Constable, 1954, p. 126 12. Ridley, op. cit., p. 563 13. W.R. Ward, Victorian OxfiYrd, F.Cass, 1965, p. 232

Chapter 7: The Pale of the Constitution 1865-8 1. M. Cowling, 1867: Disraeli, Gladstone and Revolution: The Passing of the Second Reform Bill, Cambridge University Press, 1967, pp. 101-2 2. Paul Smith, ed., Lord Salisbury on Politics. A Selection from his Articles in the Quarterly Review, 1860-1883, Cambridge University Press, 1972, p. 229 3. Cowling, op. cit., p. 105 4. D.C.Lathbury, ed., Correspondence on Church and Religion of W.E.Gladstone, John Murray, 1910, vol. I, p. 57 5. F.B.Smith, The Making of the Second Reform Bill, Cambridge University Press, 1966, p. 159 6. R.Blake, Disraeli, Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1966, p. 465 7. F.B.Smith, op. cit., p. 184 8. H.J.Hanham, Elections and Party Management: Politics in the Time of Disraeli and Gladstone, Longman, 1959, p. 294 9. W.E .Gladstone, Gleanings of Past Years, John Murray, 1879, vol. vn, pp. 97-151 10. F.M.Leventhal, Respectable Radical: George Howell and Victorian Working Glass Politics, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1971, pp. 93 ff. 11. J.D.Clayton, 'Mr Gladstone's Leadership of the Parliamentary Liberal Party 1868-1874', D. Phil. thesis, Oxford University, 1960, pp. 27 ff.

Chapter 8: Zenith 1868-73 1. J.L.Hammond, Gladstone and the Irish Nation, F.Cass, 1964, p. 98; E.D.Steele, Irish Land and British Politics. Tenant-Right and Nationality 1865-1870, Cambridge University Press, 1974, passim 2. A.Ramm, ed., The Political Correspondence of Mr Gladstone and Lord Granville 1868-1876, Oxford University Press, 1952, vol. I, pp. 170-72 3. Asa Briggs, Introduction to Francis Adams, History of the Elementary School Contest (1873), reprinted, Harvester Press, Brighton, 1972, p. xxix 4. 'Mr Forster and Ireland', Nineteenth Century XXIV (1888), p. 453 5. W.E.Gladstone, 'Germany, France and England 1870', Gleanings of Past Years, John Murray, 1879, vol. IV, pp. 197-257 6. E.Drus, ed., John, First Earl of Kimberley, A Journal of Events during the Gladstone Ministry 1868-1874, Royal Historical Society, London, 1958,p. 23 Notes· 287 7. W.H.G.Armytage, A.J.Mundella, 1825-1897: The Liberal Baek· ground to the Labour Movement, Benn, 1951, p. 96 8. Sir R.Biddulph, Lord Cardwell at the War Office, John Murray, l904,p. 103 9. B. Harrison, Drink and the V ictoriam: The Temperance Question in England, 1815-1872, Faber & Faber, 1971, p. 269 10. A.Ponsonby, Henry Pomonby, Macmillan, 1943, p. 252 II. E.R.Norman, The Catholic Church and Ireland in the Age of Rebellion, Longman, 1965, p. 443 12. Drus, op. cit., p. 37 13. J.D.Clayton, 'Mr Gladstone's Leadership of the Parliamentary Liberal Party, 1868-1874', D.Phil. thesis, Oxford University, 1960, p. liS

Cha!pter 9: Bag and Baggage 1873-80 I. R.R.James, 'Gladstone and the Greenwich Seat', HiBtory Today IX (1959); W.H.Maehl, 'Gladstone, the Liberals and the Election of 1874 ', Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research XXXVI (1963) 2. D. Bowen, The Idea of the Victorian Church: A Study of the Church of England 1833-1889, MeGill-Queen's University Press, London, 1968, p. 167 3. R.T.Shannon, Gladstone and the Bulgarian Agitation 1876, Nelson, 1963, pp. 99 ff. 4. Lucy Masterman, ed., Mary Gladstone (Mrs Drew): Her Diaries and Letters, Methuen, 1930, p. 109 5. J.Bailey, ed., The Diary of Lady Frederick Cavendish, John Murray, 1927, vol. II, p. 204 6. R.Blake, DiBraeli, Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1966, p. 602 7. Bailey, op. cit., vol. II, p. 199 8. Shannon, op. cit., pp. 202-11 9. J.L.Garvin, Life of Joseph Chamberlain, Macmillan, 1932, vol. I, pp. 260--61 10. A.Ramm, The Political Correspondence of Mr Gladstone and Lord Granville 1876-1886, Oxford University Press, 1962, vol. I, p. 99 ll. Masterman, op. cit., p. 183 12. M.R.D.Foot, ed., Midlothian Speeches 1879, Leicester University Press, 1971, p. 37

Cha!pter 10: The Ageing Titan 1880-85 I. E.J.Feuchtwanger, DiBraeli, Democracy and the Tory Party, Oxford University Press, 1968, pp. 63-4 2. Letters of DiBraeli to Lady Bradford and Lady Chesterfield 1873-81, 2 vols., Benn, 1929, vol. II, p. 278 3. W.L.Arnstein, The Bradlaugh Case: A Study in Late Victorian Opinion and Politics, Oxford University Press, 1965, pp. 59 ff. 4. D.W.R.Bahlman, ed., The Diary of Sir E. W.Hamilton, Oxford University Press, 1972, vol. I, p. 151 L 288 · Glailstone 5. A.Ramm, ed., The Political Correspondence of Mr Gladstone and Lord Granville 1876-1886, Oxford University Press, 1962, vol. I, p. 181 6. D.M.Schreuder, Gladstone and Kruger: Liberal Government and Colonial 'Home Rule' 1880-86, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1969, p. 60 7. Bahlman, op. cit., voJ. I, p. 114 8. J.L.Garvin, Life of Joseph Chamberlain, Macmillan, 1932, vol. I, p. 332 9. P. Guedalla, ed., The Queen and Mr Gladstone, Hodder & Stoughton, 1933, vol. II, p. 153 10. J.L.Hammond, Gladstone and the Irish Nation, F. Cass, 1964, p. 290 11. A.T.Bassett, ed., Gladstone to his Wife, Methuen, 1936, p. 239 12. A. Jones, The Politics of Reform 1884, Cambridge University Press, 1972, p. 15 13. Bahlman, op. cit., vol. II, p. 741

Chapter 11: Home Rule 1886-6 1. Quoted in A.Jones, The Politics of Reform 1884, Cambridge Uni­ versity Press, 1972, p. 51, n. 4 2. A.B.Cooke and John Vincent, The Governing Passion. Cabinet Government and Party Politics in Britain 1886-86, Harvester Press, Brighton, 1974, pp. 25-30 and 173-89 3. A.B.Cooke and J.R.Vincent, eds., Lord Carlingford's Journals: Reflections of a Cabinet Minister, 1886, Oxford University Press, 1971, p. 134 4. Diary of Sir E. W.Hamilton, Add. MS 48642 5. Macmillan's Morley Box, Add. MS 56447, Bryce to Gladstone, 12 March 1886, Russell to Gladstone, 17 March 1886; see also Cooke and Vincent, The Governing Passion, pp. 156-7 6. T.P.O'Connor, Memoirs of an Old Parliamentarian, Benn, 1929, vol. II, pp. 43-4 7. Diary of Sir E.W.Hamilton, Add. MS 48644

Chapter 12: Almost a Nullity 1886-98

1. Macmillan's Morley Box, Add. MS 56445, typed copy 2. M.Hurst, Joseph Chamberlain and Liberal Reunion: The Round Table Conference of 1887, David & Charles, Newton Abbot, 1967, p.286 3. C.C.O'Brien, Parnell and His Party, 1880-90, Oxford University Press, 1957, p. 193 4. L.P.Curtis, Jr, Coercion and Conciliation in Ireland, 1880-92: A Study in Conservative Unionism, Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J., 1963, p. 205 5. T. W.Moody, 'Michael Davitt and the British Labour Movement', Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 5th series, vol. III (1953) Notes· 289 6. D.A.Hamer, Liberal Politics in the Age of Gladstone and Rosebery, Oxford University Press, 1972, p. 147 7. Curtis, op. cit., p. 290 8. Lucy Masterman, ed., Mary Gladatone (Mrs Drew): Her Diaries and Letters, Methuen, 1930, p. 408 9. H. G. Hutchinson, ed., The Private Diaries of Sir Algernon West, John Murray, 1922, p. 96 10. F. S. L. Lyons, The Fall of Parnell, 1890-91, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1960, pp. 85-9 11. J.Morley, Recollections, Macmillan, 1921, vol. I, p. 236 12. Hamer, op. cit., p. 170 13. E. Dicey, 'The Rival Coalitions', Nineteenth Century, January 1891 14. P. Stansky, Ambitions and Strategies: The Struggle for the Leadership of the Liberal Party in the 1890s, Oxford University Press, 1964, p. 8 15. R. R. James, Rosebery: A Biography of {lrchibald Philip, Fifth Earl of Rosebery, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1963, p. 266 16. ibid., p. 294 17. Stansky, op. cit., p. 35 18. A.G.Gardiner, The Life of Sir William Harcourt, Constable, 1923, vol. 11, p. 262 19. James, op. cit., p. 401 BIBLIOGRAPHY

The Gladstone Papers, mostly in the British Museum (Add. MSS 44086-835), is the largest nineteenth-century collection of private papers. A recent addition to them are papers which Morley abstracted from the archives at Hawarden while writing his Life of Gladstone and deposited with his publisher, Macmillans (Add. MSS 56444-53). Significant material remains at Hawarden. Many of the most important documents on Gladstone's life can be consulted in print in the following works:

Bassett, A. T., ed., Gladstone to his Wife, Methuen, 1936 Brooke, John and Sorensen, Mary, eds., The Prime Ministers' Papers: W.E. Gladstone I: Autobiographica. II: Autobiographical Memor­ anda, H.M.S.O., 1971-2 292 ·Gladstone Foot, M.R.D. and Matthew, H. C. G., eds., The Gladstone Diaries (1825-54), 4 vols., Oxford University Press, 1968-75 Guedalla, P., ed., Gladstone and Palmerston, Gollancz, 1928 Guedalla, P., ed., The Queen and Mr Gladstone, 2 vols., Hodder & Stoughton, 1933 Lathbury, D.C., ed., Correspondence on Church and Religion of W.E. Gladstone, 2 vols., John Murray, 1910 Morley, John, Life of William Ewart Gladstone, 3 vols., Macmillan, 1903 Ramm, Agatha, ed., The Political Correspondence of Mr Gladstone and Lord Granville 1868-1876, 2 vols., Oxford University Press, 1952 Ramm, Agatha, ed., The Political Correspondence of Mr Gladstone and Lord Granville 1876-1886, 2 vols., Oxford University Press, 1962

The Diary of Sir Edward Hamilton, one of Gladstone's private secretaries during his second period as Prime Minister, is available in print for the years 1880-85 (2 vols., edited by Dudley W.R.Bahlman, Oxford University Press, 1972). Subsequent volumes of the diary are in the British Museum (Add. MSS 48641-83).

Other biographies, diaries, memoirs, etc., concerning Gladstone and the Gladstone family:

Archer, T., William Ewart Gladstone and his Contemporaries, Blackie, Edinburgh, 1883 Bagehot, Walter, Biographical Studies, 1881 Bailey, J., ed., The Diary of Lady Frederick Cavendish, 2 vols., John Murray, 1927 Battiscombe, G., Mrs Gladstone: The Portrait of a Marriage, Constable, 1954 Birrell, Francis, Gladstone, Duckworth, 1933 Burdett, O.H., W.E.Gladstone, Constable, 1927 Checkland, S.G., The Gladstones. A Family Biography 1764-1851, Cambridge University Press, 1971 Eyck, Erich, Gladstone, trans. Bernard Miall, F. Cass, 1938 Fletcher, C.R.L., 'William Ewart Gladstone at Oxford, 1890', Cornhill Magazine, 1908 Gladstone, Viscount, After Thirty Years, Macmillan, 1928 Hamilton, Sir E. W., Mr Gladstone, John Murray, 1898 McCarthy, Justin, The Story of Gladstone's Life, A. & C. Black, 1898 Magnus, Philip, Gladstone: A Biography, Murray, 1954 Masterman, Lucy, ed., Mary Gladstone (Mrs Drew): Her Diaries and Letters, Methuen, 1930 Paul, H.W., Life of W.E.Gladstone, Smith, Elder, 1901 Reid, Sir Thomas Wemyss, ed., The Life of William Ewart Gladstone, Cassell, 1899 Robbins, Sir Alfred Farthing, The Early Public Life of William Ewart Gladstone, Methuen, 1894 Russell, G. W.E., The Right Honourable W.E.Gladstone, 5th edn, Dent, 1906 ' Tollemache, Lionel Arthur, Talks with Mr Gladstone, Arnold, 1898 Bibliography • 293 Works by W.E.Gladatone: The State in its Relations with the Church, John Murray, 1838 Church Principles Considered in their Re8Ults, John Murray, 1840 Gleanings of PaBt Years, 7 vols., John Murray, 1879 Midlothian Speeches 1879, intro. M.R.D.Foot, Leicester University Press, 1971 The Irish Question, John Murray, 1886 'The History of 1852-1860 and Greville's Latest Journals', English Historical Review II (1887) Later Gleanings, John Murray, 1897 Bassett, A. T., Gladstone's Speeches: descriptive index and bibliography, Methuen, 1916 Biographies, diaries, memoirs, etc.: Akers-Douglas, E.A. {3rd Viscount Chilston), Chief Whip: the political life and times of AretaB Akers-Douglas, 1st Viscount Chilston, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1961 Ashwell, A.R., and Wilberforce, R.G., Life of Samuel Wilberforce, 3 vols., John Murray, 1880-82 Argyll, Dowager Duchess of, ed., George Douglas, eighth Duke of Argyll, Autobiography and Memoirs, 2 vols., John Murray, 1906 Armytage, W.H.G., A.J.Mundella 1825-1897: the Liberal Background to the Labour Movement, Benn, 1951 Bell, H. C. F., Lord Palmerston, 2 vols., F.Cass, 1936 Benson, A.C., Esher, Viscount, and Buckle, G.E., eds., Letters of Queen Victoria, 3rd series, 9 vols., John Murray, 1907-32 Best, G.F.A., Shaftesbury, Batsford, 1964 Blake, R., Disraeli, Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1966 Cecil, Lady Gwendolen, The Life of Robert, Marquis of Salisbury, 4 vols., Hodder & Stoughton, 1921-31 Cooke, A.B., and Vincent, J.R., eds., Lord Carlingford's Journals: Reflections of a Cabinet Minister, 1885, Oxford University Press, 1971 Drus, E., ed., John, First Earl of Kimberley, A Journal of Events during the Gladstone Ministry 1868-1874, Royal Historical Society, London, 1958 Figgis, J. N., and Lawrence, R. V., eds., Selections from the Correspondence of the First Lord Acton, Longman, vol. I, 1917 Fitzmaurice, Lord Edmond, The Life of Granville George Leveson­ Gower, second Earl Granville, 2 vols., Longman, 1905 Fraser, P., Joseph Chamberlain, Radicalism and Empire, 1868-1914, Cassell, 1966 Fulford, Roger, ed., The Greville Memoirs, 1814-1860, 8 vols., Macmillan, 1938 Gardiner, A.G., The Life of Sir William Harcourt, 2 vols., Constable, 1923 Garvin, J.L., Life of Joseph Chamberlain, vols. I and n, Macmillan, 1932 Gash, Norman, Mr Secretary Peel: The Life of Sir Robert Peel to 1830, Longman, 1961 294 · Gladstone

Gash, Norman, Sir Robert Peel: The Life of Sir Robert Peel after 1830, Longman, 1972 Gooch, G.P., ed., The Later Correspondence of Lord John Russell, 2 vols., Longman, 1925 Hamer, D.A., John Morley. Liberal Intellectual in Politics, Oxford University Press, 1968 Hamer, F. E., ed., The Personal Papers of Lord Rendel, Benn, 1931 Hammond, J.L. and B., Lord Shafteabury, F.Cass, 1923 Holland, Bernard, The Life of Spencer Compton, Eighth Duke of Devon­ shire, 2 vols., Longman, 1911 Howard, C. H. D., ed., Joseph Chamberlain, A Political Memoir 1880-92, Batchworth Press, 1953 Hutchinson, H. G., ed., The Private Diariea of Sir Algernon W eat, John Murray, 1922 James, R.R., Roaebery. A Biography of Archibald Philip, Fifth Earl of Roaebery, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1963 James, R.R., Lord Randolph Churchill, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1959 Jenkins, R., Sir Charles Dilke. A Victorian Tragedy, Collins, 1958 Kilbracken, Lord, Reminiscences, Macmillan, 1931 Leventhal, F.M., Respectable Radical: George Howell and Victorian Working Glasa Politics, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1971 Maxwell, Sir Herbert, The Life and Letters of George William Frederick Fourth Earl of Clarendon, K.G., G. C. B., 2 vols., Arnold, 1913 Monypenny, W. F., and Buckle, G.E., Life of Benjamin Diaraeli, 6 vols., John Murray, 1910-20 Morley, John, Recollections, 2 vols., Macmillan, 1921 Morley, John, The Life of Richard Cobden, 2 vols., Chapman & Hall, 1881 O'Connor, T.P., Memoirs of an Old Parliamentarian, Benn, 1929 Ornsby, R., Memoirs of J.R.Hope-Scott, 2 vols., John Murray, 1884 Ponsonby, Arthur, Henry Ponsonby, Macmillan, 1943 Prest, J., Lord John Russell, Macmillan, 1972 Purcell, E. S., Life of Cardinal Manning, 2 vols., Macmillan, 1896 Read, Donald, Cobden and Bright: A Victorian Political Partnership, Arnold, 1967 Reid, T. Wemyss, Life of the Right Honourable William Edward Forster, 2 vols., Chapman & Hall, 1888 Reid, Sir T. W., Politicians of Today (1880), reprinted Richmond Publishing Co., 1972 Ridley, Jasper, Lord Palmerston, Constable, 1970 Russell, Lord John, Recollections and Suggestions, 1813-1873, Longman, 1875 Stanmore, Lord, The Earl of Aberdeen, Sampson Low, 1893 Stanmore, Lord, Sidney Herbert, Lord Herbert of Lea: A Memoir, 2 vols., John Murray, 1906 Selborne, Earl of (Roundell Palmer), Memorials, 4 vols., Macmillan, 1896-8 Trevelyan, G.M., The Life of John Bright, Constable, 1913 Walling, R.A.J., ed., The Diaries of John Bright, Cassell, 1930 Ward, J. T., Sir Jamea Graham, Macmillan, 1967 Bibliography • 295 West, Sir Algernon, Recollections, 1832 to 1886, 2 vols., Smith, Elder, 1899 Zetland, Marquis of, ed., Letters of Disraeli to Lady Bradford and Lady Chesterfield 1873-81, 2 vols., Benn, 1929

Secoruimy workB: Adams, Francis, HiBtory of the Elementary School ConteBt (1873), intro. Asa Briggs, reprinted, Harvester Press, Brighton, 1972 Adamson, J. W., EngliBh Education, 1789-1902, Cambridge University Press, 1930 Anderson, Olive, A Liberal State at War. EngliBh Politics and Economics during the Crimean War, Macmillan, 1967 Arnstein, W.L., The Bradlaugh Case. A Study in Late Victorian Opinion and Politics, Oxford University Press, 1965 Bell, P.M.H., DisestabliBhment in Ireland and Wales, S.P.C.K., 1969 Best, G.F.A., Temporal Pillars: Queen Anne's Bounty, the Ecclesiastical CommiBsioners, and the Church of England, Cambridge University Press, 1964 Biddulph, Sir R., Lord Cardwell at the War Office, John Murray, 1904 Blake, R., The Conservative Party from Peel to Churchill, Eyre & Spottis­ woode, 1970 Bowen, D., The Idea of the Victorian Church: a Study of the Church of England 1833-1889, MeGill-Queen's University Press, London, 1968 Brown, Ford Keeler, Fathers of the Victorians: the Age of Wilberforce, Cambridge University Press, 1961 Brown, Lucy, The Board of Trade and the Free Trade Movement, 1830-42, Oxford University Press, 1958 Chadwick, Owen, The Victorian Church, 2 vols., A.C.Black, 1966-70 Chadwick, Owen, ed., The Mind of the Oxford Movement, A.C.Black, 1960 Clark, G.Kitson, Churchmen and the Condition of England 1832-1885, Methuen, 1973 Clark, G. Kitson, Peel and the Conservative Party, F.Cass, 1929 Clarke, P.F., Lancashire and the New LiberaliBm, Cambridge University Press, 1971 Clayden, P. W., England under Lord Beaconsfield (1880), reprinted, Richmond Publishing Co., 1972 Clayden, P. W., England under the Coalition. The Political History of Great Britain and Ireland from the General Election of 1885 to May 1892, T.Fisher Unwin, 1892 Conacher, J.B., The Aberdeen Coalition 1852-1855. A Study in Mid­ Nineteenth Century Party Politics, Cambridge University Press, 1968 Conacher, J.B., The Peelites and the Party System, 1846-52, David & Charles, Newton Abbot, 1972 Cooke, A.B., and John Vincent, The Governing Passion. Cabinet, Government and Party Politics in Britain 1885-86, Harvester Press, Brighton, 197 4 Coupland, Sir Reginald, The BritiBh Anti-Slavery Movement, F.Cass, 1933 296 · Gladstone

Cowling, M., 1867: Disraeli, Gladstone and Revolution. The Passing of the Second Reform Bill, Cambridge University Press, 1967 Curtis, L.P., Jr, Coercion and Conciliation in Ireland 1880-1892: A Study in Conservative Unionism, Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J., 1963 Eldridge, C.C., England's Mission. The Imperial Idea in the Age of Gladstone and Disraeli 1868-1880, Macmillan, 1974 Feuchtwanger, E.J., Disraeli, Democracy and the Tory Party, Oxford University Press, 1968 Gash, Norman, Politics in the Age of Peel. A Study in the Technique of Parliamentary Representation 1830-1850, Longman, 1953 Gash, Norman, Reaction and Reconstruction in English Politics, 1832- 1852, Oxford University Press, 1965 Hamer, D.A., Liberal Politics in the Age of Gladstone and Rosebery, Oxford University Press, 1972 Hamer, D.A., ed., Joseph Chamberlain and Others, The Radical Programme (1885), reprinted, Harvester Press, Brighton, 1971 Hammond, J.L., Gladstone and the Irish Nation, intro. M.R.D.Foot, F.Cass, 1964 Hammond, J.L., and Foot, M.R.D., Gladstone and Liberalism, English Universities Press, 1952 Hanham, H.J., Elections and Party Management: Politics in the Time of Disraeli and Gladstone, Longman, 1959 Harrison, Brian, Drink and the Victorians: The Temperance Question in England, 1815-1872, Faber & Faber, 1971 Harrison, Royden, Before the Socialists. Studies in Labour and Politics 1861-1881, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1965 Himmelfarb, Gertrud, Victorian Minds, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1968 Hirst, F. W., Gladstone as Financier and Economist, Benn, 1931 Hurst, Michael, Joseph Chamberlain and Liberal Reunion. The Round Table Conference of 1887, David & Charles, Newton Abbot, 1967 Hyde, Francis Edwin, Mr Gladstone at the Board of Trade, Cobden, Sanderson, 1934 James, W.D., Lord Derby and Victorian Conservatism, Oxford Uni· versity Press, 1956 Jones, Andrew, The Politics of Reform 1884, Cambridge University Press, 1972 Kebbel, T.E., A History of Toryism (1886), reprinted, Richmond Publishing Co., 1972 Kelly, R., The Transatlantic Persuasion. The Liberal-Democratic Mind in the Age of Gladstone, Knopf, New York, 1969 Knaplund, P.A., Gladstone and Britain's Imperial Policy, F.Cass, 1927 Knaplund, P.A., Gladstone's Foreign Policy, F.Cass, 1935 Lloyd, Trevor, The General Election of 1880, Oxford University Press, 1968 Lucy, H. W., A Diary of Two Parliaments. The Disraeli Parliament, 1874--1880. The Gladstone Parliament, 1880-1885, 2 vols., Cassell, 1885 Lynd, H.M., England in the Eighteen-Eighties. Towards a Social Basis for Freedom, F.Cass, 1945 Bibliography · 297

Lyons, F.S.L., The Fall of Parnell1890-91, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1960 Macdonagh, Oliver, A Pattern of Government Growth, 1800-60: The Passenger Acts and their Enforcement, MacGibbon & Kee, 1961 Martin, Kingsley, The Triumph of Lord Palmerston: A Study of Public Opinion in England before the Crimean War, rev. edn, Hutchinson, 1963 Millman, R., British Foreign Policy and the Coming of the Franco­ Prussian War, Oxford University Press, 1972 Morrell, William Parker, British Colonial Policy in the Age of Peel and Russell, Oxford University Press, 1930 Newsome, David, The Parting of Friends. A Study of the Wilberforces and Henry Manning, Murray, 1966 Norman, E.R., The Catholic Church and Ireland in the Age of Rebellion, 1859-73, Longman, 1965 Northcote, Sir Stafford, Twenty Years of Financial Policy (1862), reprinted, Kelley, New York, 1973 O'Brien, C. C., Parnell and His Party, 1880-90, Oxford University Press, 1957 Parris, Henry, Government and the Railways in Nineteenth Century Britain, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1965 Pelling, H., Social Geography of British Elections, 1885-1910, Macmillan, 1967 Pelling, H., Popular Politics and Society in Late Victorian Britain, Macmillan, 1968 Richter, M., The Politics of Conscience. T. H. Green and his Age, Weiden­ feld & Nicolson, 1964 Schreuder, D.M., Gladstone and Kruger: Liberal Government and Colonial 'Home Rule' 1880-85, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1969 Seton-Watson, R. W., Disraeli, Gladstone and the Eastern Question, F.Cass, 1935 Seymour, Charles, Electoral Reform in England and Wales: the develop­ ment and operation of the parliamentary franchise, 1832-1885, Oxford University Press, 1915 Shannon, R. T., Gladstone and the Bulgarian Agitation 1876, Nelson, 1963 Smith, F.B., The Making of the Second Reform Bill, Cambridge Uni­ versity Press, 1966 Smith, Paul, Disraelian Conservatism and Social Reform, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1967 Smith, Paul, ed., Lord Salisbury on Politics. A Selection from his Articles in the Quarterly Review, 1860-1883, Cambridge University Press, 1972 Southgate, Donald, The Passing of the Whigs, Macmillan, 1962 Stansky, P., Ambitions and Strategies: The Struggle for the Leadership of the Liberal Party in the 1890s, Oxford University Press, 1964 Steele, E.D., Irish Land and British Politics: Tenant-Right and Nationality 1865-1870, Cambridge University Press, 1974 Stewart, Robert, The Politics of Protection: Lord Derby and the Pro­ tectionist Party, 1841-1852, Cambridge University Press, 1971 298 • Glailstone Taylor, A . .J.P., Englishmen and Others, Hamish Hamilton, 1956 Vidler, A.R., The Orb and the Cross, S.P.C.K., 1945 Vincent, .J.R., The Formation of the Liberal Party, 1857-1868, Constable, 1966; Penguin Books, Harmondsworth, 1972 Ward, W.R., Victorian Oxford, F. Cass, 1965 White, W., The Inner Life of the House of Commons, 2 vols., 1897; reprinted, Richmond Publishing Co., 1973 Williams, W. E . , The Rise of Gladstone to the Leadership of the Liberal Party, 1859-1868, Cambridge University Press, 1934

Theses and articles: Clayton, .J.D., 'Mr Gladstone's Leadership of the Parliamentary Liberal Party, 1868-1874', D.Phil. thesis, Oxford University, 1960 Close, D., 'The Formation of Two-party Alignment in the House of Commons between 1832 and 1841 ', English Historical Review XXXIV, 1969 Dicey, E., 'The Rival Coalitions', Nineteenth Century XXIX, .January 1891 Foot, M.R.D., 'Morley's Gladstone: A Reappraisal', Bulletin of the John Ryland8 Library LI (1968-9) Iliasu, A.A., 'The Cobden-Chevalier Commercial Treaty of 1860', Historical Journal XIV (1971) .James, R.R., 'Gladstone and the Greenwich Seat: the Dissolution of 26th .January 1874', History Today IX (1959) Koss, Stephen E., 'Morley in the Middle', English Historical Review LXXXII (1967) Machin, G.I. T., 'The Maynooth Grant, the Dissenters and Disestablish­ ment 1845-1847', English Historical Review LXXXII (1967) Maehl, W.H., 'Gladstone, the Liberals and the Election of 1874', Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research XXXVI (1963) Moody, T.W., 'Michael Davitt and the British Labour Movement', Transactions of Royal Historical Society, 5th series, vol. III (1953) Savage, D.C., 'The General Election of 1886 in Great Britain and Ireland', Ph.D. thesis, London University, 1958 Stephen, M.D., 'Gladstone and the Composition of the Final Court in Ecclesiastical Causes, 1850-73', Historical Journal IX (1966) Stuart, C.H., 'The Formation of the Coalition Cabinet of 1852', Transactions of Royal Historical Society, 5th series, vol. IV (1954) Thompson, A. F., 'Gladstone's Whips and the General Election of 1868', English Historical Review LXIII (1948)

Bibliography 1975-1988: Five more volumes of The Gladstone Diaries with Cabinet Minutes and Prime­ Ministerial Correspondence have appeared since 1974: vols v (January 1855 to December 1860) and VI (January 1861 to December 1869), 1978; vols VII (January 1869 to June 1871) and VIII (July 1871 to December 1874), 198~; vol. IX (January 1875 to December 1880), 1986. The editor for all of these volumes is H. C. G. Matthew and his introductions, required reading for students of Gladstone, appear in vols III, v, VII and IX. Bibliography · ;299

The introductions to vols III, v and VII, covering Gladstone's life to 1874, together with two new chapters on his early life to 1840, have appeared as Gladstone 1809-1874, 1986. The other important publication of Gladstone documents, in the series The Prirne Ministers' Papers 1801- 190B, has been completed with W. E. Gladstone Ill: Autobiographical Mernoranda 1845-1866, 1978, and IV: Autobiographical Memoranda 1868- 1894, 1981, both edited by John Brooke and Mary Sorensen. L. A. Tollemache's Talks with Mr. Gladstone has been reprinted as Gladstone's Boswell: Late Victorian Conversations, introduced and edited by Asa Briggs, 1984. Richard Shannon, Gladstone I: 1809-1865, 1982, is a comprehensive modern reassessment, of which this first volume runs to nearly six hundred pages. A short one-volume life by Peter Stansky, Gladstone: A Progress in Politics, was published in 1979. Joyce Marlow, Mr. and Mrs. Gladstone: an Intirnate Biography, 1977, is readable. Two other important works dealing directly with Gladstone have been published since 1975: Perry Butler, Gladstone: Church, State and Tractarianisrn, 1982, is essential for an understanding of Gladstone's religious development; J. P. Parry, Dernocracy and Religion: Gladstone and the Liberal Party 1867-1875, 1986, brings a new perspective to bear on the period of Gladstone's first Government. Some of its arguments are also accessible through the author's article 'Religion and the collapse of Gladstone's first government, 1870-1874', Historical Journal XXV, 1982. Valuable on its theme is Marvin Swartz, British Foreign Policy in the Era of Disraeli and Gladstone, 1985. Two collections of essays on Gladstone have been published: J. P. Jagger, ed., Gladstone, Politics and Religion, 1985; and B. Kinzer, ed., The Gladstonian Turn of Mind. 1985. There are a number of articles and essays, covering a variety of Gladstonian themes, which students will find useful. Of mainly political interest are: Agatha Ramm, 'The Parliamentary Context of Cabinet Government, 1868--1874', English Historical Review XCIX, 1984; M. R. Temme!, 'Gladstone's resignation of the Liberal leadership, 1874-1875', Journal of British Studies XVI, 1976--7; J. P. Rossi, 'The Transformation of the British Liberal Party: a study of the tactics of the Liberal Opposition, 1874-1880', Transactions of the Arnerican Philosophical Society LXVIII, 1975, part viii; T. A. Jenkins, 'Gladstone, the Whigs and the leadership of the Liberal party, 1879--1880', Historical Journal XXVII, 1984; W. C. Lubenow, 'Irish Home Rule and the Social Basis of the Great Separation in the Liberal Party in 1886', Historical Journal XXVIII, 1985; D. A. Hamer, 'Gladstone: The Making of a Political Myth', Victorian Studies XXII, 1978-- 79; D. Brooks, 'Gladstone and Midlothian: the background to the first campaign', Scottish Historical Review LXIV, 1985. On religion and politics: G. I. T. Machin, 'Gladstone and Nonconformity in the 1860s: the formation of an alliance', Historical Journal XVII, 1974; 0. Anderson, 'Gladstone's abolition of compulsory church rates: a minor myth and its historiographical career', Journal of Ecclesiastical History XXV, 1974; D. W. Bebbington, 'Gladstone and the Nonconformists: a religious affinity in politics', Studies in Church History XII, 1975; H. C. G. Matthew, 'Gladstone, Vaticanism and the Question of the East', Studies in Church History XV, 1978; D. M. Schreuder, 'Gladstone and the Conscience of the State', in P. Marsh, ed., The Conscience of the Victorian State, 1979. On religion, Agatha Ramm, 300 · Bibliography

'Gladstone's Religion', Historical Journal XXVIII, 1985: and Boyd Hilton, 'Gladstone's Theological Politics', in M. Bentley and J. Stevenson, High and Low Politics in Modern Britain, 1983. On finance: H. C. G. Matthew, 'Disraeli, Gladstone and the politics of mid-Victorian budgets', Historical Journal XXI!, 1979; A. B. Hawkins, 'A forgotten crisis: Gladstone and the politics of finance during the 1850s', Victorian Studies XXVII, 1983--4; M. Zimmeck, 'Gladstone holds his own: the origins of income tax relief for life insurance policies', Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research LVIII, 1985; P. Gosh, 'Disraelian Conservatism: a financial approach', English Historical Review XCIX, 1984. On Ireland: J. Vincent, 'Gladstone and Ireland', Proceedings of the British Academy LXIII, 1978; A. Warren, 'Gladstone, Land and Social Reconstruction in Ireland 1881-87', Parlia­ mentary History II, 198:3. On foreign policy: D. M. Schreuder, 'Gladstone as "trouble-maker": Liberal foreign policy and the annexation of Alsace­ Lorraine, 1870--71', Journal of British Studies XVII, 1978, and 'The Gladstone-Max Muller debate on nationality and German unification: examining a Victorian "controversy"', Historical Journal XVIII, 1979; K. A. P. Sandiford. 'Gladstone and liberal-national movements', Albion XIII/XIV, 1981. Non-political aspects: A. Ramm, 'Gladstone as Man of Letters', 1/istorical Journal XXIV, 1981; M. R. D. Foot, 'Gladstone and Panizzi', British Library Journal v, 1979. There are two useful review articles by D. E. D. Beales, 'Gladstone and his diary, "myself, the worst of all interlocutors'", Historical Journal XXV, 1982, and 'Gladstone and his first Ministry', Historical Journal XXVI, 1983. Many of the large number of books on Victorian politics published since 1975 have a bearing on Gladstone and his career. They range from books on the liberal ideology, for example C. Harvie, The Lights of Liberalism: University Liberals and the Challenge of Democracy, 1976, to biographies, for example R. Jay, Joseph Chamberlain, 1981; from foreign policy, e.g. R. Millman, Britain and the Eastern Question 1875-1878, 1979, to the Irish problem, e.g. A. O'Day, The English Face of Irish Nationalism, 1977. There have also been a number of new general surveys, e.g. N. Gash, Aristocmcy and People: Britain 1815-186.5, 1979, E. J. Feuchtwanger, Democracy and Empire: Britain 1865-1914, 1985 (vols VIII and rx of The New History of England), D. Read, England 1868-1914, 1979, and M. Bentley, Politics without Democracy 1815-1914: Perception and Preoccupa­ tion in British Government, 1984. The work of two authors, whose articles are cited on p. 299, is now available in extended book form: T. A. Jenkins, Gladstone, Whiggery and the Liberal Party 1874-1886, 1988, and W. C. Lubenow, Parliamentary Politics and the Horne Rule Crisis. The British House of Commons in 1886, 1987. INDEX

Aberdeen 4th Earl of (1784-1860), Acland, Sir Thomaa Dyke (1809-98), 57, 71, 75, 77, 78, 83, 89, 90, 11th Bt, 10, 32, 69, 140 94, 101, 104, 133, 159, 163, Acton, 1st Lord (1834-1902), 53, 179, 269; Gladstone's chief at Colonial 190,214,224,256,261 Office, 26; Gladstone's Letters to Adam, W.P. (1823-81), 192 him, 73-4; forms coalition, 82; Adams, Charles Francis (1807-86), policy on eve of Crimea, 86-7; 115 wish to retire, 88; defeat of coali­ Adullamites, 128, 129, 131, 132, 136, tion, 95; encourages Gladstone 137, 139, 140, 143 to join Palmerston, 96; death of, Afghanistan, 189, 191, 203, 226 117 Akers-Douglas, Aretas (1857-1926), Acland, Arthur H. (1811-57), 10 1st Viscount Chilston, 242 Acland, Sir Arthur H.Dyke (1847- Alabama claims, 162, 163 1926), 13th Bt, Vice-President for Albert, Prince (1819-61), 41, 82, 88, Education 1892-5; 266 117 302 · Gladstone

Althorp, Viscount (1782-1845), 3rd over official furniture and robes, Earl Spencer, 25 84; failure of tactics over Glad­ American Civil War, 107, 113, 114, stone's budget (1853), 86; Glad­ 115 stone sympathizes with him, 96; Anson, George Edward (1812-49), appeals to Gladstone to join Derby Prince Albert's secretary, 41 government (1858-9), 101, 105; Anstice, Joseph (1808-36), 10 decision to introduce Reform Bill Anti-Com-Law League, 41, 42, 43, (1867), 134; Reform Bill tactics, 45, 120 13~1; attacks Gladstone, 139, Arabi, Colonel (1839--1911), 213 185, 189, 192; becomes Prime Argyll, 8th Duke of (1823-1900), 96, Minister, 142; advises Queen to 134, 146, 153, 200 send for Hartington, 144; recovers Armenian massacres, 273 popularity, 166; makes programm­ Armitstead, George (1824--1915), 1st atic speeches (1872), 168; refuses Lord, 257, 263 to take office, 170; on Public Army reforms (1871), 165, 170 Worship Regulation Bill, 178; Arnold, Matthew (1822-88), 185, 240 rejects Berlin Memorandum, 181; Ashboume, 1st Lord (1837-1913), on 'Bulgarian Horrors' pamphlet, Conservative Lord Chancellor of 185; dissolves Parliament (1880), Ireland, 1885, 257 193; calls Gladstone 'arch villain', Ashley, Evelyn (1836-1907), later 199, 275; death of, 208; compared Under-Secretary for the Colonies, with Gladstone, 282 146, 182 Beaconsfield, Viscountess ( 1792- Asquith, H.H. (1852-1928), 266, 267 1872), 139 Beales, Edmond (1803-81), President Baines, Sir Edward (1800--1890), M.P. of Reform League, 132, 134 for Leeds, editor of Leeds Mercury, Bedchamber crisis (1839), 35, 40 120, 157 Benson, E. W. (1829--96), Archbishop Balfour, Arthur James (1848-1930), of Canterbury, 215 200,211,232,251,281 Bentinck, Lord George (1802-48), 55, Bangor (Bishopric), 46 56, 57, 65 Baxter, R. Dudley (1827-75), Con­ Berlin, Congress of (1878), 189, 203 servative political writer and statis­ Bessborough, 5th Earl of (1809-80), tician, 130 Lord Steward of the Household, Beach, Sir Michael Hicks (1837- 155 1916), 1st Earl of St Aldwyn, 250 Bills, Acts of Parliament and legisla­ Beaconsfield, Earl of (1804--81), tion (popular titles), Admission of Benjamin Disraeli, 25, 31, 52, 53, Dissenters to Universities (1834), 55, 63, 65, 76, 85, 93, 98, 99, 100, 24; Affirmation (1883), 201-2; 104, 106, 118, 120, 122, 129, 130, Ballot (1871-2), 165--6; Bank 132, 143, 150, 151, 152, 160, 162, Charter (1844), 68, 130; Canadian 165, 175, 182, 168, 198, 203, 204, Rebellion Losses (1849), 66; Con­ 228, 277; speaks of Tory free~ trade spiracy to Murder (1858), 100; tradition, 45; leads Protectionists Corrupt Practices (1883), 220; against Peel, 56-7; motion on Criminal Law Amendment (1871), agricultural distress, 67; on Don 165; Dissenters' Chapels (1844), 62; Pacifico, 72; Gladstone's hostility Divorce (1857), 68, 99, 107; Eccle­ to, 78, 93, 95, 97, 101, 189, 191; siastical Titles (1851), 74, 75, 77, the budget of 1852, 80--81; acrimo­ 81, 155; Education (1839), 32; nious exchange with Gladstone (1870), 155--8, 170, 180; Eight Index· 303

Hours (1891), 264; Employers' 108, 119, 120, 121, 126, 131, 135, Liability (1880), 199, (1893), 267; 136, 146, 147, 192, 195, 205, 207, Ground Game (1880), 199 214, 216, 219, 223, 269; first meets Ireland: Arrears (1882), 212; Gladstone, 45; on Oxford Univer­ Church Disestablishment (1869), sity Reform, 93; urges new start on 122, 142, 143, 144-5, 150, 151-2, Gladstone, 97, 100; formation of 153; Church Reform (1833), 23, Liberal party, 105; excluded from (1834), 24; Coercion (1881), 208- Palmerston government, 106; 9, (1882), 212, 226; Compensation shares Gladstone's views on inter­ for Disturbance (1880), 199-200, national order, 107; disagrees with 206; Crimes (1887), 251; Home him on American Civil War, 107, Rule (1886), 236-41, (1893), 267- 114, 115; talks with him on Ireland 9; Land (1870), 150, 153-4, 206, and Liberal party, 118; attitude on (1881), 153, 207-9, 212, 251; franchise reform, 127-8, 134, 138; Land Purchase (1885), 251, joins Gladstone's first government, (1886), 236, 239; Local Govern­ 146; on Irish Land Bill (1870), 154; ment (1883), 216; Tenant Relief returns to Cabinet (1873), 174; fails (1886), 250; University (1873), to support Gladstone on Eastern 150, 169-70, 173, 176 Question, 184; joins Cabinet (1880), Jewish Disabilities ( 1848), 65, 77; 196; resigns on Egypt (1882), 213; Licensing (1871-2), 166, 176, 177; refuses to join Gladstone's third Navigation (1848-9), 66; Oxford Government, 235; opposes Home University Reform (1854), 92-3; Rule, 241 Parish Councils (1894), 267; Public Brook Street Conspiracy (1892), 266 Worship Regulation (1874), 178, Brougham, 1st Lord (1778-1868), 4 182; Reform (1832), 4, 11, 13, Brown, James Baldwin (1820-84), 56, 129, (1854), 87, (1859), 104, Nonconformist leader, 124 (1860), 110, 128, (1866), 127-31, Browne, E.H. (1811-91), Bishop of (1867), 39, 135-41, (1884), 197, Winchester, 215 217-20, 221, 224, 280; Ten-Hour Bruce, H.A. (1815-95), 1st Lord (1833), 21, (1844), 47, (1847), 63; Aberdare, Home Secretary 1868-73, Trade Unions (1871), 164-5; Uni­ 147, 164, 166, 174 versity Tests (1871), 164 Bryce, James (1838-1922), 1st Vis­ Bismarck, Prince Otto von (1815-98), count, later Ambassador to Wash­ 117, 159, 160, 180, 203, 213, 222, ington, 238, 268 225 Buccleuch, 5th Duke of (1806-84), Blomfield, C.J. (1786-1857), Bishop 54 of London, 70 Buckingham, 2nd Duke of (1797- Blunt, Wilfrid Scawen (1840-1922), 1861), 43, 107 poet and politician, 251 Buckingham, 3rd Duke of (1823-89), Bonham, F.R. (1785-1863), 55 107 Boord, Sir William (1838-1912), 1st Buckle, G.E. (1854-1935), 253 Bt, M.P. for Greenwich, 177 Bulgarian atrocities, 181-3, 185, 186, Bradlaugh, Charles (1833-91), 198, 188, 189, 240, 251, 279, 280 200,201,202,204,252 'Bulgarian Horrors and the Question Brand, H.B.W. (1814-92), 1st Vis­ of the East, The' (1876), 183, 185, count Hampden, Liberal Chief 189 Whip, Speaker, 125, 131, 133, 134, Bunsen, Baron Christian (1791-1860), 139, 141, 200 Prussian Ambassador in London, Bright, John (1811-89), 83, 88, 98, 50 304 • Gla.datone

Butler, Bishop Joseph (1692-1752), opposes coercion in Ireland, 207; 272 wants to become Chief Secretary Butt, Isaac (1813-79), Irish Home for Ireland, 210; supports inter­ Rule leader, 168 vention in Egypt, 213; rebuked by Buxton, Sir Thomas Fowell (1786- Gladstone, 216; gives priority to 1845), 1st Bt, anti-slavery leader, franchise reform, 217-18; attacks 22,30 House of Lords, 219; negotiates with Parnell, 226; possible resignation Cairns, 1st Earl (1819-85), Conserva­ from government, 227; visits tive Lord Chancellor, 152 Hawarden October 1885, 229; Campbell-Bannerman, Sir Henry his 'constructionism' disliked by (1836-1908), 268 Gladstone, 230; wants to keep Canada, 31, 37, 41, 56, 66, 67, 113 Tories in office, 232; performance Canning, Charles (1812-62), 1st Earl, in 1885 election, 233; accepts office Governor-General of India, 9, 10, in Gladstone's third government, 96 235; resigns, 238; attitude to Home Canning, George (1770-1827), 3, II, Rule Bill, 240-41; and Liberal 17, 21, 101 reunion, 248-9; moved by Glad­ Cardwell, Edward (1813-86), 1st stone's tribute to his son, 268 Viscount, 61, 66, 67, 76, 77, 133, 'Chapter of Autobiography, A' (1868) 146, 147, 153, 160, 163, 165, 175, 145 177 Chartism, 41, 42, 45, 73, 120 Carlingford, 1st Lord (1823-98), Chevalier, Michel (1806-79), French Chichester Fortescue, Chief Secre­ politician, 108 tary for Ireland 1868-70, 146, 153, Childers, H.C.E. (1827-96), First 169, 229 Lord of the Admiralty 1868-71, Carlton Club, 23, 76, 83, IIO, 139 147 Carnarvon, 4th Earl of (1831-90), Chinese Opium War (1840), 35, 36, Conservative minister, 136, 230 42 Cathcart, 2nd Earl (1783-1859), Church Principles Considered in their C.-in-C. in British North America, Results (1840), 35 56 Church, R. W. (1815-90), Dean of St Cavendish, Lady Frederick (d. 1925), Paul's, ll6 Gladstone's niece, 184, 185, 191 Churchill, Lord Randolph (1849-95), Cavendish, Lord Frederick (1836-82), 202, 223, 224,229, 247; member of Chief Secretary for Ireland, 184, Fourth Party, 200; divides Tories, 210, 211 217, 219; woos Parnellites, 228; Chalmers, Dr Thomas (1780-1847), plays 'Orange card', 238; calls Scottish divine, 24, 33 Gladstone 'old man in a hurry', 243; Chamberlain, Austen (1863-1937), resigns as Chancellor of Exchequer, 268 249, 250; opposes Parnell com­ Chamberlain, Joseph (1836-1914), mission, 254 157, 174, 198, 199, 205, 212, 214, Churchill, Winston (1874--1965), 102 223, 225, 231, 234, 243, 246, 247, Church rates, 31, 122 250, 252; first meeting with Civil Service, 91, 92, 163, 164 Gladstone, 158; attitude on East­ Clanricarde, 1st Marquess of (1802- ern Question, 184; invites Glad­ 74), 100, 131 stone tO' inaugural meeting of Clanricarde, 2nd Marquess of (1832- National Liberal Federation, 187-8; 1916), 131, 251 appointed to Cabinet (1880), 195--6; Clarendon, 4th Earl of (1800-1870), Index· 305

126, 131, 132, 134, 146, 153, 159, De Grey, Earl, aee Ripon, Marquis of 163, 164 Delane, J. T. (1817-79), editor of Clay, James (1805-73), Radical M.P. The TimBB, 126 for Hull, 138 Demerara, 2, 18, 22 Clough, Arthur Hugh (1819-61), 61 Denison, J.E. (1800-1873), 1st Vis­ Cobden, Richard (1804-65), 46, 63, count Ossington, Speaker, 171 83, 114, 115, 166, 269; refuses to Derby, 14th Earl of (1799-1869), meet Gladstone in public debate, Lord Stanley until 1851, 23, 27, 43; bewildered by Gladstone's 56, 65, 73, 78, 79, 80, 83, 84, 86, speech on Maynooth grant, 52; 97, 99, 106, 118, 120, 125, 130, 131, Peel pays tribute to him, 57; 135, 136, 137, 138, 142; congratu­ unpopularity in Crimean War, lates Gladstone on maiden speech, 97; Gladstone moves closer to him 22; resigns from Grey's govern­ and Bright, 97, 98; refusal to ment, 24; refuses to join Peel (1835) join Palmerston government, 106; 26; resigns over Corn Law (1845), shared views on world order with 54-5; motion on Don Pacifico, 71 ; Gladstone, 107; negotiates com­ offers office to Gladstone (1851), 74; mercial treaty with France, 108-9 forms government (1852), 76; de­ Colenso, J. W. (1814-83), Bishop of feated, 81; opinion of Gladstone, Natal, 179 82; fails to form government (1855), Colley, Major-General Sir George 95, 96; approaches to Gladstone, (1835-81), 205 98, 100, 103, 105; defeat (1849), Collier, Sir Robert (1817-86), 1st 105; takes office (1866), 132; de­ Lord Monkswell, 166 cides to introduce reform bill, 134; Collings, Jesse (1831-1920), radical retires (1868), 142 politician, 234, 236 Derby, 15th Earl of (1826-93), Lord Corn Laws, 21, 40, 42, 43, 44, 54, 55, Stanley until 1869, 127, 129, 130, 56, 64,65 162, 185, 230, 235 Corrie, Edgar, 2 Devonshire, 8th Duke of (1833-1908), Courtney, Leonard (1832-1918), 1st Marquis of Hartington until 1891, Lord, 205 146, 182, 183, 196, 214, 215, 227, Cowen, Joseph (1831-1900), Radical 230, 243, 245, 246, 258, 278; as M.P. for Newcastle, 184 Chief Secretary for Ireland, 169; Cowper, 7th Earl (1834-1905), Lord­ described by Gladstone, 174; Lieutenant of Ireland, 210, 251 Liberal leader, 180; tension with Cowper-Temple, W.F. (1811-88), 1st Gladstone over Eastern Question, Lord Mount-Temple, M.P. for 184, 186, 187; over Midlothian South Hampshire, 157 campaign, 192; unable to form Creevey, Thomas, 4 government (1880), 194-5; backs Crimean War, 86-90, 92, 94, 95, 96, Irish coercion, 206; failure to under­ 9~ 10~ 161,181,214,277 stand Gladstone, 210; supports in­ Cumberland, Duke of (1771-1857), tervention in Egypt, 213; differs 29,52 from Gladstone on Ireland, 216; threatens to resign over Franchise Dalhousie, 1st Marquis of (1812-60), Bill, 218; possible successor to later Governor-General of India, Gladstone, 218, 225, 229, 240; 48,63 opposition to Irish home rule, 227, Dalmeny (Rosebery's seat), 264, 265 231, 232, 233, 234, 252; abstains Davitt, Michael (1846-1906), Irish on 'three acres and a cow' motion Nationalist leader, 252 (1886), 235; Salisbury offers to 306 · Gladstone

serve under him, 24 7; as Liberal Fielden, John (1784-1849), M.P. for Unionist leader, 248; refuses pre­ Oldham, 63 miership (December 1886), 250; Forster, W. W. (1818-86), 121, 126, becomes Duke of Devonshire, 264 147, 156-8, 180, 184, 186, 190, 196, Dicey, Edward (1832-1911), Conser­ 206, 210, 2ll, 223, vative journalist, 264 Fortescue, Chichester, see Carlingford, Dilke, Sir Charles (1843-1911), 2nd 1st Lord Bt, 174, 184, 187, 195, 196, 204, Fowler, H.H. (1830-19ll), 1st Vis­ 205, 215, 218, 225, 226, 227, 229, count W olverhampton, President of 233, 234, 269 Local Government Board 1892-4, Disraeli, see Beaconsfield, Earl of 267 Dixon, George (1820-98), Radical Franco-Prussian War, 159-61 M.P. for Birmingham, 157 Frederick (1840-1901), Crown Prin­ Dollinger, Dr Ignas von (1799-1890), cess of Prussia, 222 German theologian, 53, 179, 180, Freeman, E. A. (1823-92), 182, 186 190,257 Fremantle, Thomas Francis ( 1798- Douglas, Lady Frances (d. 1895), 1890), 1st Lord Cottesloe, Conser­ later Countess Fitzwilliam, 29 vative Whip, 63 Doyle, Sir Francis (1810-88), 2nd Bt, Frere, Sir Bartle (1815-84), 1st Bt, civil servant and poet, 10 High Commissioner in South Africa, Dunkellin, Lord (1827-67), Adulla­ 204 mite, 131 Froude, J.A. (1818-94), historian, 61, 240 Froude, Richard Hurrell (1803-36), Ecclesiastical Commission (1835), 27, Tractarian, 49 37 Edinburgh Review, 34, 160 Egypt, 198, 203, 212-14, 219, 221-3, Garibaldi, Giuseppe (1807-82), ll8- 225, 263, 265, 267 l9 Elgin, 8th Earl of( 1811-63), Governor- Gascoyne, General Isaac (1770-1841), General of Canada, 67 l\LP. for Liverpool, 4 Elwin, Witwell (1816-1900), 101 Gathorne-Hardy, G. (1814-1906), lst Engluh Historical Review, 87 Earl Cranbrook, Conservative poli­ Estcourt, T.G.B. (1775-1853), M.P. tician and Minister, 122-3, 141, 143 for Oxford University, 61 George, Henry (1839-97), single­ Eton, 6, 7-10, 11, 14, 35 taxer, 227 Ewelme (1872), 167 Gladstone, Anne (1772-1835), nee Robertson, mother, 4-6, 7, 27 Farini, L.C. (IH2-66), Italian writer Gladstone, Anne (1802-29), sister, 4, and politician, 74 6, II Farquhar, Caroline (d. 1890), Hon. Gladstone, Mrs Catherine (1812- Mrs Charles Grey, 28 1900), nee Glynne, wife, 34-5, 54, Farquhar, Sir Thomas (1775-1836) 69,73, 104,112,116,132,180,211, 2nd Bt, 28 226, 233, 256, 263, 265, 266, 271, Fawcett, Henry (1833-84), Radical 273 M.P. and minister, 145, 165, 169, Gladstone, Helen (1814-80), sister, 5, 186, 196 6, 7, 19, 36, 51, 53-4, 60, 75, 180, Fenians, 142, 155 192 Ferdinand II (1810-59), King of Gladstone, Herbert (1854-1930), 1st Naples, 72 Viscount, son, 231, 233, 246, 256 Index· 307

Gladstone, Jessy (d. 1850), daughter, at W alsall election, 43; threat to 70 resign (1842), 43; work on 1842 Gladstone, Sir John (1764-1857), 1st tariff reform, 44-5; conversion to Bt, 1-4, 5, 6, 7, 12, 13, 14, 17, 18, free trade, 45-6; President of 19, 20, 22, 23, 27, 41, 46, 49, 60, Board of Trade, 46; work on 1845 65, 68, 69 tariff reductions, 46-7; regulation Gladstone, John Neilson (1807-63), of railways, 47-8; and Maynooth brother, 4, 8, 14, 43 grant, 50-52; resignation (1845), Gladstone, Mary (1847-1927), Mrs 53; proposed visit to Ireland (1845), Drew, daughter, 183, 190, 220, 254, 53; visit to Continent (1845), 53-4; 257, 258, 272, 273 relations with sister Helen, 53-4, Gladstone, Robertson (1805-75), 60; Colonial Secretary, 55-6; re­ brother, 4, 8, 27, 177 signation of Peel government ( 1846), Gladstone, Sir Thomas (1804-89), 57; rescue of Hawarden estate, 60; 2nd Bt, brother, 4, 7, 8, 22, 60, 62 member for Oxford University Gladstone, William (1840-91), son, (1847), 61-2; Peelite organization, 52, 263 63, 76-7; Conservative reunion, Gladstone, William Ewart (1809-98), 64-5, 68, 72, 74, 76, 78, 79, 81, 82, birth, 4; religious upbringing, 5-6, 95, 98, 100-101; on admission of 11; atEton, 8-10; at Oxford, 10-13; Jews to Parliament, 65; on Navi­ speech in Oxford Union against gation Laws, 66; on West Indian Reform, 13; choice of career, 13; sugar, 66; on Canadian Rebellion Italian tour (1832), 13-14; offer of Losses Bill, 66-7; Disraeli's motion seat at Newark, 14, 17; Newark on agricultural distress (1850), 67; election (1832), 18-20; defence of and Lady Lincoln, 68; rescue of slavery, 18-19; maiden speech, 22; prostitutes, 69, 112; Hampden Junior Lord of Treasury, 25-6; appointment (1847), 69-70; Gor­ Under-Secretary for War and the ham case, 70-71; Don Pacifico Colonies, 26; courtship of Caroline debate, 71-2; visit to Naples (1850- Farquhar, 28; death of mother, 28; 51), 72-4; Letters to Lord Aberdeen, courtship of Lady Frances Douglas, 73-4; refuses to join proposed 29; Manchester contest (1837), 29; Stanley government (1851), 74; Select Committee on the Appren­ Ecclesiastical Titles Bill, 7 4-5; ticeship System, 30; Select Com­ Oxford election (1852), 77; and mittee on the Treatment of Abori­ Whig-Peelite coalition, 77, 82, 101, gines, 30; speech on church rates 105-6; Disraeli's budget (1852), (1837), 31; speech on Education 80-81; Chancellor of the Exchequer Bill (1839), 32; and Oxford Move­ (1853), 82-3;0xfordelection (1853), ment, 32-3, 49-50; The State in itB 83; budget (1853), 84-6; income Relations with the Church, 32-4; tax, 84-5; succession duty, 85; courtship and marriage, 34-5; Crimean War, 86-90, 97; war Church Principles Considered in finance, 89-90; Trevelyan-North­ their Results, 35; on suspension of cote Report, 91-2; Oxford Univer­ Jamaican Constitution (1839), 35; sity reform, 92-3; Kennedy affair, on Chinese Opium War (1840), 35- 94; formation of Palmerston gov­ 6; on sugar duties (1841), 36; ernment (1855), 95-6; Divorce Bill Newark election (1841), 40; Vice­ (1857), 99; Homer and the Homeric President of Board of Trade, 41; Age, 99-100; attitude to Derby memorandum on income tax ( 1841), government(l858-9),100-101,104, 42; against Anti-Corn-Law League 105; Lord High Commissioner Ex- 308 • GladBtone tra.ordinary for the Ionian Islands, purchase of commissions, 165; 103-4; Italian unification (1859), licensing laws (1871-2), 166; grow­ 105-6; formation of Liberal party ing unpopularity, 166; Collier (1859), 105; Chancellor of the appointment, 166; Ewelme appoint­ Exchequer (1859), 106; Oxford ment, 167; Irish University Bill, election (1859), 107; budget (1859), 168-70; resignation and resump­ 108; Cobden Treaty, 108-9; budget tion of office (1873), 170; changes (1860), 109--10; resignation from in government (1873), 174; Green­ Carlton Club, 110; abolition of wich re-election problem, 17 4-5; paper duties, 110-11; clash with dissolution of Parliament (1874), Palmerston over military expendi­ 175; 1874 general election, 175-6; ture, 111-12; passion for economy, retirement from Liberal leadership, 112; attitude to social problems, 177-8; Public Worship Regulation 112-13; American Civil War, 113- Bill, 178; the Vatican Decrees, 179-- 15; visit to Newcastle (1862), 114- 80; the Eastern Question (1876-8), 16; Schleswig-Holstein question 181-9; 'The Bulgarian Horrors and (1864), 117-18; Garibaldi visit the Question of the East', 183; (1864), 118-19; speech on fran­ National Conference on the Eastern chise reform (1864), 119; visit to Question (1876), 186; moves five Lancashire (1864), 120-21; rela­ resolutions on the Eastern Question, tions with working classes, 120-21; 187; addresses inaugural meeting relations with dissenters, 121-2; of the National Liberal Federation, elected for South Lancashire ( 1865), 188; visit to Ireland (1877), 188; 122--3; defeat at Oxford (1865), views on Berlin settlement, 189; 123; Leader of the House of Com­ first Midlothain campaign, 190-92; mons, 126; Liberal Reform Bill death of Helen (1880), 192; second (1866), 127-31; Cave of Adullam, Midlothian campaign (1880), 193; 128-9; resignation of Russell gov­ 1880 general election, 194; Prime ernment, 131; visit to Italy (1866- Minister (1880), 195; as Liberal 7), 133-4; Conservative Reform leader (1880-85), 198; repeal of Bill (1867), 135-41; Tea-Room malt tax (1880), 199; Compensation revolt, 138-9; personal rating for Disturbance Bill, 200; Brad­ amendment, 139; Hodgkinson's laugh case, 200-202; Montenegro amendment, 141; resolutions on question (1880), 203; South Africa Irish Church (1868), 143; 1868 (1880-81), 204-6; Irish Land Bill general election, 144-6; Prime (1881), 207-9; Irish coercion, 208; Minister (1868), 146; formation of death of Beaconsfield, 208; Kil­ first Cabinet, 146-7; control of mainham treaty, 209--10; appoint­ Cabinet, 150; Irish Church Dis­ ment of Chief Secretary for Ireland establishment Bill, 151-2; Irish (1882), 210; Phoenix Park murders, Land Bill (1870), 153-4; royal 211; Arrears Bill (1882), 212; residence in Ireland, 155; Educa­ Egyptian question (1882), 213-14; tion Bill (1870), 155-8; Franco­ fiftieth anniversary in politics and Prussian· War, 159--61; abrogation possible resignation, 215; rebukes of Black Sea clauses (1870-71), to Hartington and Chamberlain 161-2; Alabama claims, 162-3; (1883), 216; trip to Copenhagen competitive entry into Civil Ser­ (1883), 217; Reform and Redistri­ vice, 163-4; abolition of university bution Bills (1884), 217-20; atti­ tests, 164; labour laws (1871), 164- tude to House of Lords, 219, 263, 5; army reforms, 165; abolition of 269, 270; Gordon's appointment Index· 309 and death, 222-4; on Tory demo­ 259-60; Peel, 21, 22,25-6,34,36-7, cracy, 224; Egyptian Finance Com­ 41-2, 43, 46, 47, 49, 52, 53, 57, 63, mission, 225; possible resignation, 64, 66, 67, 72, 276, 282; Queen 225, 226; Penjdeh incident, 226; Victoria, 69, 97, 117, 143, 167, 185, renewal of Irish Coercion Act 194-5, 208, 215-16, 223, 234, 265, (1885), 226; attitude to 'construc­ 271, 273; Russell, 69, 70, 75, 77, 78, tionism', 227, 247, 280; third 87-8, 94, 96, 110, 126, 127, 128, Midlothian campaign (1885), 231; 130, 142 Hawarden 'kite', 233; formation Gleanings (1897), 272 of third government, 235-6; first Glenelg, Lord (1778-1866), Colonial Home Rule Bill, 236-41; Irish Secretary, 31 Land Purchase Bill (1886), 236-7; Glyn, George, see Wolverton, Lord mster problem, 237-8; resignation Glynne, Sir Stephen (1807-74), 9th of Chamberlain, 238; dissolution of Bt, 35, 60 Parliament (1886), 241; 1886 gen­ Gordon, Arthur, see Stanmore, Lord eral election, 241-3; resignation Gordon, General Charles (1833-85), (1886), 245; Liberal reunion, 248- 221, 222-4, 225, 267 9; Round Table conference (1887), Gorham, Rev. G.C. (1787-1857), 70, 249; Parnell inquiry (1888-90), 71 253-5; Scottish and Welsh disesta­ Gorst, Sir John (1835-1916), Conser­ blishment, 255; effects of old age, vative politician, 200 256-7; O'Shea divorce case, 258; Gortchakoff, Prince A.M. (1798- fall of Parnell, 260-61; Liberal 1883), 161 programme, 261-2; Newcastle pro­ Goschen, G.J. (1831-1907), 1st Vis­ gramme (1891), 262-3; fourth Mid­ count, President of Poor Law lothian campaign (1892), 264; 1892 Board 1868-71, 147, 175, 250 general election, 264-5; formation Goulburn, Henry (1784-1856), Chan­ of fourth government, 265; second cellor of the Exchequer 1841-6,47, Home Rule Bill, 267-9; policy on 57, 66, 67, 68 Uganda, 267; naval estimates Graham, Sir James (1792-1861), (1894), 269; final resignation, 271; Home Secretary 1841-6, 24, 26, 47, Armenian massacres, 273; death, 54, 55, 66, 67, 75, 77, 83, 95, 100, 273; 101; refuses Russell's offer of Relations with: Admiralty (1849), 68, 71; returns Bright, 45, 97, 100, 107, 115, 118, to Whigs, 76; opposes competitive 120,131,135,136,146,184,213-14, entry into Civil Service, 91; resigns 235; Chamberlain, 158, 188, 227, from Palmerston government, 96; 232, 233, 235, 238, 240, 241, 246, moves closer to Liberals, 104, 106; 247, 248, 249; Cobden, 43, 46, 97, death of, 117 107; Disraeli, 31, 72, 78, 84, 93, 95, Granville (1815-91), 2nd Earl, 130, 97, 101, 139, 181, 182, 185, 189, 146, 150, 155, 171, 174, 175, 177, 191, 199, 208, 277, 282; Granville, 182, 183, 190, 193, 196, 213, 215, 151, 159, 161, 183, 184, 185, 187, 216, 225, 229, 234, 245, 259; close 188, 192, 194, 196, 203, 229, 278; relations with Queen, 151; on Irish Hartington, 174, 182, 184, 186-7, Church Disestablishment Bill, 152; 194, 196, 210, 216, 218, 225, 230, on Franco-Prussian War, 159-61; 246, 252; Palmerston, 72, 74, 80, on American arbitration, 162; 88, 96, 97, 99, 101, 105-6, 109, 111, Liberal leader, 180; on Eastern 115, 116, 119, 282; Parnell, 209-10, Question, 184-5, 187; embarrassed 230, 231, 234, 236, 240, 248, 254, by Gladstone's presence at inau- 310 · Gladstone

gura.tion of National Liberal Fede­ Hampden, Dr R.D. (1793-1868), ration, 188; dissuades Hartington Bishop of Hereford, 69, 178 from resigning as Leader, 192; Handley, W.F., parliamentary can­ formation of 1880 government, didate and banker at Newark, 18, 19~5; works with Gladstone on 20 foreign policy, 203, 214; on Egypt, Harcourt, Lewis (1863-1922), 1st 222; on Penjdeh incident, 226; Viscount, 271 Colonial Secretary (1886), 235; Harcourt, Sir William (1827-1904), death, 263; friendship with Glad­ 212, 234, 259, 265, 266, 268, 273; stone, 278 Gladstone's dislike for, 184; wants Grenville, Charles Cavendish Fulkes Hartington as leader, 192, 198; (1794-1865), diarist, 76, 87 afraid of Gladstone's retirement, Grey, 2nd Earl (1764-1845), Prime 215; supports Gladstone on Egypt Minister 183Q-34, 22, 24, 27 and Sudan, 223; tries to mediate Grey, 3rd Earl (1802-94), Viscount between Gladstone and Chamber­ Howick tilll845, Colonial Secretary lain, 238; lukewarm on Home Rule, 1846-52,22,45,54,67 262; demands radical programme, Grey, General Charles (1804-70), 28, 267; on naval estimates, 269-70; 130, 146, 167 on Gladstone's retirement, 271 Grey, Sir Edward (1862-1933), 1st Hardie, J.Keir (1856-1915), Labour Viscount, 266 politician, 227 Grey, Sir George (1799-1882), 2nd Hardinge, Henry (1785-1856), 1st Bt, Whig minister, 126, 130, 147 Viscount, Tory politician and Grosvenor, Earl (1825-99), later 1st minister, 79 Duke of Westminster, 129,130,136 Hartington, Lord, Bee Devonshire, Grosvenor, Lord Richard (1837- Duke of 1912), 1st Lord Stalbridge, 209, Harvey, Rev. W. W. (1810-83), rector 218,233 of Ewelme, 167 Guizot, F.P.G. (1787-1874), 73 Hawarden, 35, 60, 68, ll2, ll4, 146, 173, 180, 188, 191, 214, 217, 232, Halifax, Viscount (1800-1885), Sir 233, 242, 248, 254, 260, 267, 273 Charles Wood, 67, 130, 147, 163, Hawtrey, E.C. (1789-1862), Head­ 178 master of Eton, 8 Hall, Jane (1765-98), the first Mrs Heathcote, Sir William (1801-81), John Gladstone, 4 5th Bt, High Churchman and M.P. Hallam, Arthur Henry (1811-33), 6, for Oxford University, 83, 93, 97, 9, 10, 24, 33, 117 106 Hamilton, Sir Edward (1847-1908), Herbert, Sidney (1810-61), Lord 69, 201, 204, 205, 207, 2ll, 217, Herbert of Lea, 66, 68, 76, 85, 88, 218, 223, 227, 233, 236, 242, 243, 97, 104, 105; with Gladstone at 252, 256 Oxford, 10; given office by Peel Hamilton, Lord George Francis (1845 (1835), 26; refuses to join Russell -1927), Conservative politician and government (1846), 63; close links minister, 269 with Gladstone and Lincoln, 7 5; Hamilton, Sir Robert (1836-95), attacks Disraeli (1852), 80; joins Permanent Under-Secretary for and resigns from Pahnerston gov­ Ireland, 237 ernment, 95, 96; moves closer to Hammond, Edmund (1802-90), 1st Whigs, 101; opposes Gladstone on Lord, Permanent Under-Secretary, military spending, Ill; death of, Foreign Office, 159 ll7 Index· 311

Herschell, 1st Lord (1837-99), Liberal Kinglake, A. W. (1809-91), 88, 240 Lord Chancellor, 268 Kossuth, Ludwig von (1802-94), 74 Hodgkinson, Grosvenor (1818-81), Kruger, President Paul (1825-1904), M.P. for Newark, 141 204 Holyoake, George Jacob (1817-1906), Chartist and Owenite, 120 Labouchere, Henry (1831-1912), 200, Homer, 99, 104, 178, 179, 186 223,226,240,253,254,266,269 Homer and the Homeric Age, (Glad­ Lacaita, Sir James Philip (1813-95), stone) 1858, 99 72 Hope-Scott, James Robert (1812-73), Laing, Samuel (1812-97), later Liberal 32, 33, 46, 49, 53, 65, 69, 71 M.P., 48 Horsman, Edward (1807-76), Whig Lansdowne, 3rd Marquis of (1780- minister and Adullamite, 169 1863), 96 Houghton, 1st Lord (1809-85), Lansdowne, 5th Marquis of (1845- Richard Monckton Milnes, 180 1927), Under-Secretary for India Howell, Georg~ (1833-1910), Labour 1880-82, 200 leader, 145 Lawson, Sir Wilfred (1829-1906), 2nd Howick, Lord, Bee Grey, 3rd Earl Bt, 195 Hughes, Thomas (1822-96), 164 Leader, Robert (1809-85), proprietor Hume, Joseph (1777-1855), Radical of Sheffield Independent, 184 politician, 42, 84 Lee, Robert E. (1807-70), 114 Huskisson, William (1770-1830), 13, Leopold I (1790-1865), King of the 45 Belgians, 7 4 Huxley, T.H. (1825-95), 256 Lewis, Sir George Cornewall (1806- Hyde Park Riots (1866-7), 132, 134, 63), 2nd Bt, Chancellor of the 140 Exchequer 1855-8, 72, 98, 107 Liberation Society, 98, 145, 153, 158 Inglis, Sir Robert Harry (1786-1855), Liddell, Henry George (18ll-98), 61 2nd Bt, M.P. for Oxford University, Liddon, Canon Henry Parry (1829- 52, 62, 77, 93 90), 182, 186 Ionian Islands, 103--4, 106 Lieven, Mme de (1784--1857), 73 Italian riBorgimento, 104, 105, 106, Lincoln, Abraham (1809-65), 113 107, 109 Lincoln, Lord, Bee Newcastle, 5th Duke of Lin~oln, Lady (d. 1889), 68 Jevons, W.S. (1835-82), economist, Liverpool, 2nd Earl of (1770-1828), 179 45, 101 Jowett, Benjamin (1817-93), 61, 83, Lloyd George, David (1863-1945), 91, 92, 185, 240 Ill Lowe, Robert (1811-92), 1st Viscount Keate, Dr John (1773-1852), Head­ Sherbrooke, 56, 126, 128, 129, 146, master of Eton, 8 147, 15~ 156, 164, 174, 175 Keble, John (1792-1866), 32,97 Lyttelton, 4th Lord (1817-76), 34, Kennedy, T.F. (1788-1879), Whig 60, 121 politician, 94 Lyttelton, Lady (d. 1857), nee Mary Keogh judgement (1872), 168 Glynne, 34, 104 Kilmainham, 209, 210, 211, 212, 258 Lytton, Sir EdwardBulwer (1803-73) Kimberley, 1st Earl of (1826-1902), 1st Lord Lytton, 103, 104 Colonial Secretary 1870-74, 163, Lytton, 1st Earl of (1831-91), Vice­ 167, 170, 204, 235, 271 roy of India, 203 3112 · Gladstone

Macaulay, Thomas Babington (1800- Milnes-Gaskell, James (1810-73), 9, 1859), 1st Lord 34, 36 10 McCarthy, Justin (1830-1912), 259, Milnes-Gaskell, Mrs Mary (d. 1845), 260 11 MacColl, Malcolm (1831-1907), Mitchelstown (1887), 251 Canon, 182 Molesworth, Sir William (1810-55), MacGregor, John (1797-1857), 44 8th Bt, 31, 83 McNei1e, Canon Hugh (1795-1879), Monsell, William (1812-94), 1st Lord 144 Emly, 174 Majuba (1881), 205, 206 Monteagle, 1st Lord (1790-1866), 90 Malwood Compact (c. 1890), 268 Montenegro, 203 Manchester, Duchess of (d. 1911), Moriarty, David (1814-77), Bishop 182, 258 of Kerry, 169 Manchester School, 97, 98 Morley, Arnold (1849-1916), 258, 259 Manin, Daniele (1804-57), Venetian Morley, John (1838-1923), 1st Vis­ statesman, 73 count, 84, 92, 195, 208, 210, 223, Manners, Lord John (1818-1906), 253, 258, 262, 265, 266; Chief Sec­ 7th Duke of Rutland, 40 retary for Ireland, 236; bound up Manning, Cardinal Henry Edward with Home Rule, 257; letter to him (1808-92), 32, 50, 68, 154, 226; by Gladstone about Parnell, 259, friendship with Gladstone at Ox­ 260; finds Gladstone depressed after ford, 10; consulted by Gladstone, Parnell's fall, 261; presses Glad­ 46, 49; 52; conversion to Rome, 71 ; stone to introduce second Home in touch with Disraeli on concur­ Rule Bill, 267; on committee to rent endowment in Ireland, 143; prepare Home Bill, 268; on Glad­ supports Gladstone on Irish Church stone's retirement, 270 153; on Education Bill, 157; on Morley, Samuel (1809-86), 165, 184, Irish University Bill, 169; relations 195 with Gladstone deteriorate over Morning Chronicle, 88 Vatican Decrees, 179; opposes Morton, 17th Earl (1789-1858) and Gladstone on Bradlaugh Case, 202; Countess (d. 1879) of, 29 corresponds with him on Ireland, Mozley, James (1813-78), 34, 116 227; death of, 257 Mundella, A.J. (1825-97), Liberal Marsham, Dr R.B., 77 M.P. and minister, 164, 184, 195, Marx, Karl (1818-83), 227 l96, 270 Maurice, F.D. (1805-72), 10 Murray, John (1778-1843), publisher, Maynooth, 47, 50-53, 54, 62, 74, 77, 34 142, 152, 169, 276 Mazzini, G. (1805-72), 73, 74 Naples, 14, 72, 74, 77, 277 Melbourne, 2nd Viscount ( 1779- Napoleon III (1808-73), 108, 114 1848), 24, 25, 30, 39 Napoleonic Wars, 2, 3, 73 Miall, Edward (1809-81), 158, 164, National Education League, 157, 158, 173, 195 176, 187 Middleton, Capt. R. W.E. (1846- National Liberal Federation, 187, 1905), 242 188, 217' 255, 259, 262, 263 Midlothian, 19Q-o92, 193, 203, 204, Newark, 14, 17, 19, 20, 23, 26, 29, 40, 219, 231, 264 55 Mill, John Stuart (1806-73), 154, 252 Newcastle, visit to (1862), 114-16 Milner-Gibson, Thomas (1806-84), Newcastle, 4th Duke of (1785-1851), radical politician, 98, 106 13, 14, 17, 18, 20, 21, 55 Index· 313

Newcastle, 5th Duke of (1811-64), formation of Russell government, Lord Lincoln until 1851, 9, 10, 13, 54; on Don Pacifico case, 71-2; on 14, 26, 63, 66, 68, 75, 76, 88, 94, Letters to Lord Aberdeen, 73--4; 96, 117 estrangement from Russell, 75--6; Newman, Cardinal J.H. (1801-90), collaborates on free-trade resolution 49, 50, 51, 54, 257 with Gladstone, 80; Home Secre­ Nicholas I (1796-1855), Tsar of tary (1853), 82; resignation and Russia, 87, 97 return (December 1853), 87-8; Nineteenth Century Review, 185, 190, forms government, 95--6; wins 1857 213, 256, 264, 272 election, 98; clashes with Gladstone Northbrook, 1st Earl of (1826-1904), on Divorce Bill, 99; defeated on First Lord of Admiralty 1880--85, Orsini case, 100; Gladstone joins 235 his government, 106; clash with Northcote, Sir Stafford (1818-87), Gladstone on foreign policy, 109; lst Earl of Iddesleigh, 83, 91, 92, fails to support Gladstone over 170, 193, 200, 201, 219, 220 paper duties, 111; relations with Gladstone, 116-17; his low-church Oak Farm, 60, 68 appointments, 116, 122; on Schles. O'Brien, William (1852-1928), Irish wig-Holstein, 117-18; rebukes nationalist leader, 250, 252 Gladstone over franchise speech, O'Connell, Daniel (1775--1847), 24, 119; demonstration against him at 29, 30, 50 Bradford, 120-21; death of, 125 O'Connor, Feargus (1794--1855), 45 Papacy, Papal States, 14, 133, 153 O'Connor, T.P. (1848-1929), 224, 242 paper duties (1860-61), 110--11 O'Donnell, F.H. {1848-1916), 253 Paris, Treaty of (1856), 159, 161 O'Shea, Mrs Catherine (1845--1921), Parnell, Charles Stewart (1846-91), 209,212,231,234,247,258 194, 206, 214, 226, 236, 240, 248, O'Shea, Capt. W.H. (1840--1905), 262; is anti-Bradlaugh, 202; Glad­ 211, 226, 258 stone fails to consult him on Land Otto, King of Greece (1815--67), 7l Bill, 207; obstructs coercion, 208; Overend and Gurney, 130 Kilmainbam treaty, 209-11; offers Oxford, 7, 10, 11, 14, 15, 61, 91, 98, to retire after Phoenix Park 101, 107, 118, 124, 129, 164, 257, murders, 212; courted by Tories, 281; reform of university ( 1854), 224; votes with Tories (June 1885), 92--3; Gladstone ceases to be 228; negotiates with Carnarvon, member for university, 122--3 230; throws Irish vote to Tories, Oxford Movement, 10, 32, 33, 46, 49, 231; Gladstone negotiates with 51, 61, 65, 69, 75, 83, 97, 116, 122 him through Mrs O'Shea, 234; accepts Gladstone's Home Rule Pacifico, Don David (1784-1854), 71, proposals, 237; no longer arbiter of 72, 73 British politics, 246; Gladstonian Palmer, Roundell, see Selborne, lst party tied to him, 247; restrains Earl of Irish extremism, 250; Parnelliam Palmerston, Henry John Temple and Crime, 253; special commission (1784--1865), 3rd Viscount, 53, 86, vindicates him, 204; divorce case, 94,97, 101,105,107,108,113,114, 258;fall, 259-61,272 115, 123, 126, 128, 143, 146, 147, Peel, General Jonathan (1799-1879), 150, 159, 162, 166, 277, 278, 280, younger brother of Sir Robert, 135, 282; accused by Gladstone on 136 Chinese Opium War, 35; frustrates Peel, Sir Robert (1788-1850), 10, 13, 314 · Gladstone

19, 23, 40, 46, 48, 49, 53, 59, 61, Quarterly Review, 99, 101, llO, 123, 62, 65, 69, 71, 75, 76, 81, 84, 101, 130 150, 170, 269, 282; similar back­ ground to Gladstone's, 21; praises railways, 4 7-8, 49 Gladstone's maiden speech, 22; Rawson, Rev. William, 5, 6 moderate reformer, 24; forms Reform League, 118, 126, 132, 145 government (1835), 25-6; achieve­ Reform Union, 140 ments of first government, 27; Reid, Sir Thomas Wemyss (1842- unwilling to take office prematurely 1905), 233 31; dismayed by The State in its Religion, Achaian and Semitic (Glad­ Relation8 with the Church, 34, 37; stone) 1880, 193 Gladstone his loyal follower, 36-7; Rendel, Stuart (1834-1913), 1st Lord, takes office, 41; budget and tariff Welsh Liberal M.P., 255, 257 of 1842, 42-5; mistrust between Richard, Henry (1812-88), Radical him and his followers, 4 7; policy M.P. for Merthyr, 184, 195 on Ireland and Maynooth, 50-52; Rigg, J.H. (1821-1909), Wesleyan resignation and return to office divine, 157 (1845), 54-5; split over Corn Laws Ripon, 1st Earl of (1782-1859), and resignation, 56-7; reluctance Prime Minister 1827-8, 41, 42, 43, to organize Peelites, 63-4; on 44, 45, 56 repeal of Navigation Laws, 66; Ripon, 1st Marquis of (1827-1909), disagrees with Gladstone on bread Earl de Grey until 1871, 146, 156, taxation, 67; death of, 68, 72; Don 262 Pacifico debate, 72; Gladstone Roberts, F.S. (1832-1914), Field­ unveils memorial to him, 87; Marshal Lord Roberts, 203 described by Gladstone as 'a most Roebuck, John Arthur (1801-79), rigid economist', 89; his Conserva­ Radical M.P., 71, 94, 96 tism, 276 Roscoe, William (1753-1831), histo­ Penjdeh (1885), 226 rian, businessman and M.P. for Perceval, Dudley (1800-1856), 83 Liverpool, 3 Phillpotts, Henry (1778-1869), Rosebery, 5th Earl of (1847-1929), Bishop of Exeter, 70 231, 235, 252, 264; warns Gladstone Phoenix Park Murders (1882), 211, about work with prostitutes, 69; 212, 216, 239, 253 views on Home Rule, 255-6; rela­ Pigott, Richard (1828-89), Irish tions with Gladstone, 265; differ­ journalist, 247, 254 ences with Gladstone on Uganda, Pitt, William the Younger (1759- 266, 267; succession to Gladstone, 1805), 3, 27, 42, 45, 57, 98, 90, 268, 270-71; resigns as Liberal ll6 leader, 273 Pius IX (1792-1878), 133 Round, Charles Gray (1797-1867), 62 Plan of Campaign (1887), 250 Russell, Sir Charles (1832-1900), 1st Poerio, Carlo (1803-67), 72 Lord Russell of Killowen, 238, 254 Ponsonby, H.F. (1825-95), 167, 215 Russell, Lord John (1792-1878), lst Porter, G.R. (1792-1852), 44 Earl Russell, 27, 44, 63, 65, 71, 72, Post Office Savings Bank (1863), ll2, 74, 81, 84, 98, 99, 108, 117, 119, 120 122, 127, 128, 132, 147, 150, 159, Praed, W.M. (1802-39), 32 166, 278; becomes Leader of Com­ Pusey, Dr E.B. (1800-1882), 29, 50, mons, 24-5; on Education Bill 61, 65 (1839), 32; fails to form government Puseyites, 49, 50, 69, 70, 95, 99 (1845), 54; has Peelite support, 64; Index· 315

Hampden appointment, 69-70; assumes Parnell's guilt, 253; elated Ecclesiastical Titles Bill, 75; Glad­ by victory in Bassetlaw by­ stone objects to his pandering to election, 262; resigns (1892), 265; 'No Popery' hysteria, 75, 78, 79;fall reassertion of two-party system in of government, 76; difficulty in 1886, 281 placing him in Aberdeen Coalition, Sandon, Viscount (1798-1882), 2nd 82; differences with Gladstone over Earl of Harrowby, 22, 32 Reform Bill (1854), 87-8; objects to Schleswig-Holstein, 117, 118, 120, competitive entry into Civil Ser­ 159 vice, 91; clash with Gladstone over Schnadhorst, Francis (1840-1900), Kennedy affair, 94; fails to form Secretary of the National Liberal government (1855), 96; resigns Federation, 241, 263 from Palmerston government, 97; Schwarzenberg, Prince (1800-1852), rapprochement with remammg Austrian Chancellor, 73 Peelites, 101; formation of Liberal Seaforth House, 5 party, 105; Gladstone wants him to Selborne, 1st Earl of (1812-95), withdraw Reform Bill (1860), 110; Roundell Palmer until 1872, 93, supports mediation between North 122, 235 and South in American Civil War, Selwyn, George A. (1809-78), Bishop 114; succeeds Palmerston, 125-6; of New Zealand and Lichfield, 9 asks for dissolution (1866), 130, Shaftesbury, 7th Earl of (1801-85), 131; tells Gladstone of wish to 21, 32, 47, 60, ll6, 186 retire, 142; opposes conciliatory Shaw, George Bernard (1856-1950), attitude on Alabama claims, 163; 269 presses Gladstone to condemn Simeon, Charles (1759-1836), Evan­ Bulgarian atrocities, 182 gelical divine, 5 Russell, Lady (1815-98), 94 Sinope (1853), 87 Smith, Goldwin (1823-1910), Regius Sadler, Michael Thomas (1780-1835), Professor of Modern History at 18 Oxford 1858-66, 83, 145 St Asaph (Bishopric), 1843, 46 Smith, John (1790-1824), 18 Salisbury, 3rd Marquess of (1830- Social Democratic Federation, 263 1903), 189, 219, 226, 248, 249, 254; Somerset, 12th Duke of (1804-85), opposes Palmerston (1857), 98; Whig minister, 147 articles in Quarterly, 110, 123, 130- South Africa, 198, 203, 204, 205 31; opposes Disraeli's Reform Bill Spencer, 5th Earl (1835-1910), 210, (1867), 135, 136, 137, 139; votes 212, 216, 226, 227, 230, 235, 259, for Second Reading of Irish Church 266, 267, 268, 269, 271 Disestablishment Bill, 152; tries to Spencer, Herbert (1820-1903), 240 block abolition of university tests, Stanley, A.P. (1815-81), Dean of 164; at Constantinople Conference Westminster, 61, 116 (1877), 186; tries to block Arrears Stanley, Lord, see Derby, 14th and Bill (1882), 212; attacked by 15th Earls of Chamberlain, 216; interparty con­ Stanmore, 1st Lord (1829-1912), ference on redistribution (1884), Arthur Gordon, 94, 104 220; forms government ( 1885), 228; Stansfeld, Sir James (1820-98), 145, Newport speech, 232; offers to 184, 198 serve under Hartington (July 1886), State in its Relations with the Church, 247; appoints Goschen to replace The, 29, 32, 33, 34, 41, 145 Lord Randolph Churchill, 250; Stead, W. T. (1849-1912), 182 316 · Gladstone

Stephen, Sir James (1789-1859), 26, Exchequer (1853), 84; opposes 56 competitive entry into Civil Ser­ Stephen, Sir J.Fitzjames (1829-94), vice, 91; appreciates Gladstone's 1st Bt, Jurist and High Court speech in memory of Prince Albert, Judge, 185 ll7; reluctant to accept Russell's Stuart-Wortley, John (1801-55), 2nd resignation (1866), 131; anti­ Lord Wharncliffe, 26 Gladstonian (1868), 143; reserva­ Sudan, 221, 222-4 tions about Clarendon, 146; sends sugar duties, 36, 46, 53, 66 for Gladstone (1868), 150; mediates Sullivan, Sir Edward (1822-85), 1st on Irish Church Disestablishment Bt, 153 Bill, 151, 152; on abolition of Sumner, Charles (1811-74), 115 purchase of commissions, 165; Sutherland, 3rd Duke of (1828-92), Gladstone tries to bring her out of us seclusion, 167; offers Gladstone peerage (1874), 178; calls Gladstone Tait, A.C. (1811-82), Archbishop of a madman, 185; sends for Glad­ stone, 194-5; criticizes South Af­ Canterbury, 61, 178, 215 Tamworth Manifesto (1834), 24, 27 rican policy, 204, 205; on Beacons­ field's death, 208; difficult relations Taylor, Colonel T.E. (1811-83), 99 Tel-el-Kebir (1882), 214, 222, 225 with Gladstone, 215-16, 217; mediates on Reform Bill (1884), 219; Temple, Frederick (1821-1902), later Archbishop of Canterbury, 179 on Gordon's death, 223; on Haw­ Tennyson, Alfred (1809-92), 1st arden 'kite', 234; reluctance to have Gladstone as Prime Minister Lord, 9 'threeacresandacow' (1885-6), 234, (1892), 265; bars Labouchere from Cabinet, 266; final resignation of 235 Times, The, 34, 40, 81, 126, 132, 139, Gladstone, 271; last meeting with 160, 192, 200, 239, 253, 254, 258 Gladstone, 273 Tollemache, Lionel A. (1838-1919), Villafranca (1859), 108 Villiers, C.P. (1802-98), Whig M.P. author, 257 and minister, 80, 106 Trafalgar Square Riots (1887), 252 Trent incident (1861), 114 Trevelyan, Sir Charles (1807-86), 91 Wales, Prince of (1841-1910), Ed­ ward VII, 155, 166 Trevelyan, Sir George Otto (1838- 1928), 2nd Bt, Liberal M.P. and Ward, W.G. (1812-82), Tractarian, 50, 61, 62 minister, 145, 175, 196, 238 Webb, Sidney (1859-1947), Lord Passfield, 269 Uganda, 256, 267, 268 Webster, Sir Richard (1842-1915), 'unauthorized programme' ( 1885), 1st Viscount Alverstone, 253, 254 227 Wellesley, Gerald (1809-82), Dean of Windsor, 9 Vatican, 51, 133, 153, 154, 155, 157, Wellington, 1st Duke of (1769-1852), 178, 179, 180 12, 21, 27, 29, 57 Victor Emmanuel II (1820-78), King West, Sir Algernon (1832-1921), 220, of Italy, 134 266, 268, 270 Victoria, Queen (1819-1901), 26, 69, West Indies, 2, 3, 22, 23, 26, 30, 36, 74, 95, 96, 97, 105, 126, 130, 133, 46, 47, 66 155, 163, 181, 206, 228, 241; wants Whately, Richard (1787-1863), Arch­ Gladstone to be Chancellor of the bishop of Dublin, 10 Index· 317

Wilberforce, Samuel (1805-73), Wolseley, Sir Garnet (1833-1913), Bishop of Oxford and Winchester, Viscount Wolse1ey, 213, 215, 223 116 Wolverton, 2nd Lord (1824-87), Wilberforce, William (1759-1833), George G1yn, 141, 192 19,22 Wood, Sir Charles, see Halifax, Vis­ Wilde, Serjeant Thomas (1782-1855), count 1st Lord Truro, 18, 20 Wordsworth, Charles (1806-92), later William IV (1765-1837), King of Bishop of St Andrews, 62 England, 24, 25, 27 Williams, Isaac (1802-65), 49 Young, Sir John (1807-76), 1st Lord Wiseman, Cardinal N. P. S. (1802-65), Lisgar, Peelite Whip, 64, 67 60, 74, 75 Wolfe, Sir Henry Drummond (1830- 1908), 200 Zulu War, 189, 191