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130 NAPIER I (Naper, Napper) [Alington, Scott, Sturt] SCOTLAND

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130 List of Parliamentary Families NAPIER I (Naper, Napper) [Alington, Scott, Sturt] SCOTLAND & ENGLAND Baron Napier and Ettrick (1627- S and 1872- UK) Origins: The founder of the family made a fortune in the wool trade. Provost of Edinburgh 1403. His son, a merchant adventurer and courtier, was Kted 1452. Began purchasing estates in the 1530s. One family member fought at Flodden and another at Pinkie. Master of the Mint 1576. First [MP 1471 for Edinburgh]. Another [MP 1463, also for Edinburgh]. 1. Alexander Napier – [Stirlingshire 1690-1700] 2. Francis Napier – [Stirling Burgh 1698-1702] 3. Sir Charles Napier – Marylebone 1841-47 Southwark 1855-60 4. Sir Joseph Napier 1 Bt – Dublin University 1848-58 5. Mark Napier – Roxburghshire 1892-95 Seats: Thirlestane Castle (House, Tower), Selkirkshire (built late 16th c., rebuilt 1816- 20, remod. 1872, demolished 1965); Merchistoun (Merchiston) (Hall), Edinburghshire (purch. and built 1436, add. 16th c., remod. 18th c., sold 1914, later a school) Estates: Bateman 6991 (S) 2316 Titles: Baronet 1627-83; 1637- ; 1867- Peers: [2 peers 1660-86] 2 Scottish Rep peers 1796-1806 1807-23 1824-32 3 peers 1872- 1945 1 Ld Lt 18th-19 th 1 KT 19th Notes: John Napier of Merchistoun invented logarithms. 1, 2, 8, 9, and 10 Barons and seventeen others in ODNB. Scott Origins: Sir William Scott 2 Bt of Thirlestane married the daughter of the 5 Baron Napier. Their son took the name Napier and inherited the Barony and Thirlestane. The Scotts were cadets of the Scotts of Harden (see Home). Granted arms 1542 and acquired estates in the first half of the 16th century. First [MP 1607 for Selkirkshire]. Another [MP 1648 also for the county]. 1. Sir Francis Scott 1 Bt – [Selkirkshire 1669-74 1685-86 1693-1702] Seat: Thirlestane Castle, Selkirkshire (acq. c. 1535, see above) Title: Baronet 1666- List of Parliamentary Families 131 Napier (Napper) Origins: A younger son of the Napiers of Merchistoun settled in Dorset in the reign of Henry VII. The eldest son established the Napers of Luton Hoo (see Herne). The son of a younger son was an eminent lawyer under Elizabeth I and Chief Baron of the Exchequer in Ireland 1593-1602. He purchased Middlemarsh in 1606. His son, Sir Nathaniel Napier, built More Crichel House and was elected an MP for Dorset. His eldest son succeeded to Middlemarsh (see below), a middle son to Puncknowle (see below), and a younger son emigrated to Ireland and settled at Loughcrew (see Legge). First MP of the Puncknowle line 1586. Another MP 1626. 1. Sir Robert Napier 1 Bt – Weymouth & Melcombe Regis 1689-90 Dorchester 1690 1698-1700 Seat: Puncknowle, Dorset (built 16th c., acq. early 17th c., sold 1743) Estates: Worth £2,000 pa in 1653. Title: Baronet 1682-1743 Notes: Roman Catholic in the 18th century. 1 Bt in ODNB. Napier Origins: See above. First MP 1625 for Dorset. Another MP 1628-44. 1. Sir Nathaniel Napier 2 Bt – Corfe Castle 1679-81 1685-87 Poole 1689-98 Dorchester 1702-05 2. Gerard Napier – Dorchester 1689 3. Sir Nathaniel Napier 3 Bt – Dorchester 1695-1708 1710-22 4. Sir Gerard Napier 6 Bt – Bridport 1761-65 Seats: Middlemarsh Hall (House, Grange), Dorset (medieval, purch. 1606, demolished c. 1774); [More] Crichel (Critchell) House, Dorset (purch. and built early c. 1615, fire 1742, rebuilt 1740s, passed to Sturts 1765, add. c. 1765 and c. 1775, sold 2013) Estates: 18,000 acres in 1765 (Legg, Dorset Families, 46) Title: Baronet 1641-1765 Notes: Male line extinct 1765. 1 and 2 Bts and two others in ODNB. Baron Alington (1642-1723 I; 1682-91 GB; 1876-1940 UK) Origins: The Alingtons may have begun as wine traders in the 1380s. Acquired Horseheath 1397. They exploited court office, royal favor, and marriage to heiresses (most notably the Argentine estates acquired by that family in the 11th century that passed to the Alingtons in the 15th century via an heiress). (Roskell, Clark, and 132 List of Parliamentary Families Rawcliffe, The House of Commons, II, 28, and III, 381). Two Speakers of the House of Commons in the 15th century. First MP 1410 for Cambridgeshire. Three further MPs 1433-1558, all for the county. One was killed at Bosworth fighting for Richard III. Barons 1642. The family became extinct in the male line in 1723. The daughter of the 3 Baron Alington married Sir Nathaniel Napier 3 Bt. Their daughter, the heiress of the Alingtons and the Napiers, married in 1717 Humphrey Sturt of Horton. The Sturts rose via a City fortune made as merchants and victuallers to the Royal Navy. One was an Alderman of London late 17th century. His son was granted arms 1691, Kted, and High Sheriff of Hampshire. His son married the Napier an Alington heiress. 1. William Alington 3 Baron Alington – Cambridge 1664-81 2. Sir Anthony Sturt – Stockbridge 1695-1701 Hampshire 1713-15 3. Humphrey Sturt – Dorset 1754-84 4. Charles Sturt – Bridport 1784-1802 5. Henry Sturt – Bridport 1817-20 Dorchester 1830 Dorset 1835-46 6. Henry Sturt 1 Baron Alington – Dorchester 1847-56 Dorset 1856-76 7. Charles Sturt – Dorchester 1856-74 8. Humphrey Sturt 2 Baron Alington – E. Dorset 1891-1904 Seats: [More] Crichel, Dorset (built c. 1615, rebuilt 1740s, passes by mar. to Sturts 1765, add. c. 1765 and c. 1775, school post 1940, sold 2013); Horseheath Hall, Cambridgeshire (acq. 1397, built 16th c., rebuilt 1663-65, sold 1701, demolished 1792); Horton, Dorset (built c. 1718, add. mid 18th c., became farm house post 1765); Heckfield Park (later known as Highfield Park), Hampshire (purch. and built 1691, sold before 1778); Brownsea (Branksea) Castle, Dorset (built 1547, purch. 1765, rebuilt 1760s, sold 1817, fire c. 1896, NT 1962) Estates: Bateman 17500 (E) 23624. 8,000 acres in 1970. Peers: 3 peers 1682-85 1876-1940 1 Ld Lt 17th Notes: 1 Baron third cr. and one other in ODNB. NAPIER II SCOTLAND Baron Napier of Magdala (1868- UK) Origins: Son of a major. 1 Baron Commander in Chief in India. No MPs Seat: Lynedale House, Inverness-shire (built c. 1760, purch. 1900, sold 1970s) Estates: Bateman under 2000 Peers: 4 peers 1868-1945 Notes: 1 Baron and one other in ODNB. List of Parliamentary Families 133 NEEDHAM (Nedham) IRELAND & ENGLAND Earl of Kilmorey (1822- I) Origins: At Shavington by the 15th century. The first MP was a Kt and judge. First MP 1442. Three additional MPs 1593-1648. The father of the 1 Viscount was a military commander in Ireland (d. 1603) and acquired estates there, but the family resided frequently in England. It was, however, most active electorally in Ireland in the 18th and 19th centuries. 1. Robert Needham – {Newry 1727-53} 2. George Needham – {Newry 1761-67} 3. William Needham – {Athenry 1800} 4. Francis Needham 1 Earl of Kilmorey – Newry 1806-18 5. Francis Needham 2 Earl of Kilmorey – Newry 1819-26 6. Francis Needham Viscount Newry and Mourne – Newry 1841-51 7. Francis Needham 3 Earl of Kilmorey – Newry 1871-74 8. Richard Needham 6 Earl of Kilmorey – Chippenham 1979-83 Wiltshire N. 1983-97 Seats: Shavington Hall, Shropshire (acq. 1438, built 1685, sold 1884, demolished 1959); Mourne Park, Down (acq. 1806 possibly by inher. and rebuilt, add. 1820s, add. 1859, remod. late 19th c., add. 1904, add. 1919-21, fire 2013, family still own); Wareseley Park, Huntingdonshire (purch. 1788, sold 1833, demolished 1934) Estates: Bateman 52412 (E & I) 34022. Irish estates worth £4,000 pa in 1779. Owned 12,000 acres in 2001. Titles: Viscount Kilmorey 1625- I Peers: {5 peers 1680-87 1704-10 1724-1800} 2 Irish Rep peers 1881-1915 1916-45 1 KP 19th-20 th Notes: The 6 Earl of Kilmorey was Minister of State for Northern Ireland 1985-92. 4 Viscount and 1 Earl and three others in ODNB. Nedham Origins: Descended from a younger son of the Kilmorey family. Went to Jamaica after the Civil War. 1. Robert Nedham – Old Sarum 1734-41 {Newry 1753-60} 2. William Nedham – {Newry 1767-76} Winchelsea 1774 Pontefract 1780-84 Winchelsea 1784-90 Seat: Howbery Park, Oxfordshire (resident 18th c.) 134 List of Parliamentary Families NESBITT IRELAND & ENGLAND Origins: Scottish soldier to Ireland under Charles I. The first MP was High Sheriff 1715 and Collector of Revenue in Cavan 1730. He succeeded to the Cosby estates at Lismore by marriage in 1722. Albert Nesbitt MP emigrated from Ireland to London in c. 1717 and became a Baltic merchant. Several younger sons were great merchants and bankers in London in the 18th century. 1. Thomas Nesbitt – {Cavan 1715-50} 2. Alexander Nesbitt – {Newton Limavady 1736-60} 3. Albert Nesbitt – Huntingdon 1741-47 Mitchell 1747-53 4. Cosby Nesbitt – {Cavan 1750-68} 5. Arnold Nesbitt – Mitchell 1753-54 Winchelsea 1754-61 Cricklade 1761-68 Winchelsea 1770-74 Cricklade 1774-79 6. Thomas Nesbitt – {Cavan 1768-1800} 7. John Nesbitt – Winchelsea 1780-90 Gatton 1790-96 Bodmin 1796-1802 Seats: Lismore House, Cavan (acq. 1722, built c. 1730, passed by mar. to Burrrowes family 1854, demolished c. 1952); Keston Park, Kent (acq. 1750, sold c. 1802); Ringmer, Sussex (purch. 1741) Estates: Bateman 11497 (I & E) 6444. Worth £1,200 pa in 1743. Notes: The family businesses in London became insolvent late 18th c., bankrupt 1802. Nesbitt family has an entry in ODNB. Two others in ODNB. NETTERVILLE IRELAND Viscount Netterville (1622-1882 I) Origins: Archbishop of Armagh 13th c.? Irish judge and Kt 1559. First {MP 1585 for County Meath}. Another {MP 1585 for County Dublin}. The title was dormant 1812-34 and 1854-67. No post-1660 MPs Seats: Dowth Castle, Louth (acq.
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  • Saudi Arabia in Transition from Defense to Offense, but How to Score?

    Saudi Arabia in Transition from Defense to Offense, but How to Score?

    v BELFER CENTER PAPER Saudi Arabia in Transition From Defense to Offense, But How to Score? Karen Elliott House SENIOR FELLOW PAPER JULY 2017 Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs Harvard Kennedy School 79 JFK Street Cambridge, MA 02138 www.belfercenter.org Statements and views expressed in this report are solely those of the author and do not imply endorsement by Harvard University, Harvard Kennedy School, or the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs. Design & Layout by Andrew Facini Cover photo and opposite page 1: Deputy Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman arrives at the Hangzhou Exhibition Center to participate in G20 Summit, Sunday, Sept. 4, 2016 in Hangzhou, China. (Etienne Oliveau/Pool Photo via AP) Copyright 2017, President and Fellows of Harvard College Printed in the United States of America BELFER CENTER PAPER Saudi Arabia in Transition From Defense to Offense, But How to Score? Karen Elliott House SENIOR FELLOW PAPER JUNE 2017 About the Author Karen Elliott House is a senior fellow at the Belfer Center and author of “On Saudi Arabia: Its People, Past, Religion, Fault Lines—and Future,” published by Knopf in 2012. During a 32 year career at The Wall Street Journal she served as diplomatic correspondent, foreign editor and finally as Publisher of the paper. She won a Pulitzer Prize for International Reporting in 1984 for her coverage of the Middle East. She is chairman of the RAND Corporation. Her April 2016 report on Saudi Arabia, “Uneasy Lies the Head that Wears a Crown,” can be found at the Belfer Center’s website: http://www.belfercenter.org/publication/uneasy-lies-head-wears-crown The author, above, in rural Jizan Province in April 2009 with an elderly farmer and some of his 35 children (from three wives) and 30 grandchildren.