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Determination of the Feasibility of Tourism Villages in West Manggarai Regency

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Determination of the Feasibility of Tourism Villages in West Manggarai Regency eISSN : 2654-4687 , pISSN : 2654-3894 https://doi.org/10.17509/jithor.v4i1.32004 [email protected] http://ejournal.upi.edu/index.php/Jithor Volume 4, No. 1, April 2021 DETERMINATION OF THE FEASIBILITY OF TOURISM VILLAGES IN WEST MANGGARAI REGENCY Roseven Rudiyanto(1)*, Anggi Januar(2) (1) Program Studi DIII Ekowisata, Politeknik eLBajo Commodus (2)Swisscontact Sustour [email protected] , [email protected] Submitted : 31 January 2021 Revised: 20 March 2021 Accepted : 1 April 2021 ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to assess the readiness of the two villages proposed by the Regional Government of West Manggarai Regency (Wae Sano and Wae Lolos Villages) as a tourism village using an instrument compiled through focus group discussions with stakeholders in the field of tourism village development. Therefore, the local government intend to promoting cultural attraction as an effort to reduce negative impacts at Labuan Bajo and at the same time equalize the positive impacts of tourism. The approach of quantitative descriptive method was used on data obtained through focus group discussions and observations to test the readiness of a village to become a tourist village. The data analysis technique uses the interval interpretation technique, in which there are three interval categories. The results of this study indicate that there are six variables assessed in the tourism village assessment instrument, namely 1) attractions (nature and culture), 2) accessibility, 3) amenities (public facilities and tourism support), 4) institutions and society, 5) strategy. marketing, and 6) industry. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the Wae Sano villages and Wae Lolos villages can be included in the category "can be recommended to become a tourist village with a note". This is due to records in several aspects, such as amenities, marketing strategies, and industry in the two villages. Keywords: Amenities, Cultural Attractions, Institutional and Community, Tourism Village Determination, West Manggarai INTRODUCTION data from the Badan Pusat Statistik (2020), Tourism is one of the most it is explained that the amount of foreign developed industries. According to the exchange originating from the tourism World Travel & Tourism Council report sector reached 11.206 billion USD in 2016, (2020) contribution of the Travel & an increase of 17% to 13.139 billion USD Tourism industry to global GDP is 10.3%. in 2017, and in 2018 there was an increase He further explained that the growth of the of 25% to 16.426 billion USD. Travel & Tourism industry globally is in Tefler & Sharpley (2008) argue that the third rank (4.8%), after the information tourism activities themselves can have an and communication industry (4.8%) and impact on the destination, its environment financial services (3.7%). Global industrial and local communities. The impacts of development also has an impact on the tourism can be in the form of erosion of Indonesian economy as a whole. Based on local culture, loss of local architecture, to JITHOR Vol.4, No.1, April 2021 – eISSN : 2654-4687 pISSN : 2654-3894 – 75 Roseven Rudiyanto, Anggi Januar: Determination of The Feasibillity of TourismVillages in Manggarai Regency changes in livelihood sources (Khandare & been designated as a super priority tourism Phophueksanand, 2018). One of the destination. Therefore, by promoting solutions to reduce the impact of tourism is tourism villages West Manggarai Regency to maximize the role of tourism villages government hoped that the benefits of (Leonandri & Rosmadi, 2018) (Muganda tourism can be felt equally. The problem et al, 2013). UNWTO (2020) defines that faced by the local government of West rural tourism is a type of tourism activity Manggarai Regency is that it does not have that offers visitors experiences related to an instrument to assess the readiness of a natural, agricultural and cultural activities village as a tourist village. Therefore, this or rural lifestyles (Hidayatullah et al, study aims for the purpose of this study to 2017). On the other hand, the presence of a assess the readiness of the two villages tourist village can make rural communities proposed by the Regional Government of benefit from the development of the West Manggarai Regency, namely Wae tourism industry (Amerta, 2017). Sano and Wae Lolos Villages as tourism Sharafieva (2012) explains that increased villages. employment opportunities, income growth, and increased living standards are one of the benefits of tourism in the socio- LITERATURE REVIEW economic aspect. However, according to Traditional Village as Tourism Industry The Indonesian Ministry of Tourism There are several definitions of (2019) an instrument must be applied in tourist villages. Regulation of the Minister determining a village to be a tourist of Culture and Tourism number KM.18 / village, such as proposing a tourism village HM.001 / MKP / 2011 states that a tourism determination by community groups to the village is a form of integration between village government which is approved attractions, accommodation and support through deliberation, then the results of the that is presented in a structure of deliberation on the village head's decision community life that integrates with the are conveyed to the development of prevailing procedures and traditions. tourism villages to the Regional Work According to Inskeep (Franisal, 2020) a Units in charge of tourism affairs, and they tourist village is a place where a small carry out verification, due diligence on group of tourists live in or near a proposed tourism villages, where villages traditional village (Gundolf & Jaouen, that fulfill the assessment are determined 2005), which is usually remote, to learn by a district head decree. about village life and the local West Manggarai Regency is one of environment (Komariah et al, 2018). Yoeti the districts that has benefited from the (1996) states that a tourist village is a rural development of the tourism industry in area that has several special characteristics Indonesia. The Pariwistaa and Culture to become a tourist destination. These Office of West Manggarai Regency characteristics can be in the form of socio- explained that the local revenue of West economic life, socio-culture, daily Manggarai Regency from the tourism customs, building architecture and typical sector in 2017 the contribution of the village spatial structures, or unique and tourism sector was 19.80% of the total interesting economic activities PAD or Rp. 24,445,107,113. and increased (Hadiwijoyo, 2012). Kulcsar (in Ayazlar in 2019 by 35.65% or Rp. 60,572,930,746 and Ayazlar, 2015) explains that activities (Tourism and Culture Office of West in tourist villages can be in the form of Menggarai Regency). However, tourism traditional ceremonies or celebrations, activities in West Manggarai Regency are outdoor recreation, and enjoying nature. still centered in Labuan Bajo, which has 76 – JITHOR Vol.4, No.1, April 2021 – eISSN : 2654-4687 pISSN : 2654-3894 Roseven Rudiyanto, Anggi Januar: Determination of The Feasibility of Tourism Villages in Manggarai Regency Tourism Village Aspects through a focus group discussion (FGD) As a destination, a tourism village that involved stakeholders in the tourism must have aspects that support tourism village sector. The regional government of activities in it, namely Attractions, West Manggarai Regency is represented Activities, Accessibility, and by the Tourism and Culture Office, the Accommodation (4A) (Nuryanti, 1993). Regional Research and Development Akrida and Pujani (2017) create a criteria Planning Agency, the Community and matrix for tourism villages consisting of Village Empowerment Service, the Public aspects of nature/bio-biology, physical Works Service, and the Forest environment, culture, Management Unit Service. The private amenities/infrastructure, institutions, sector is represented by the West human resources, attitudes and life order of Manggarai Indonesian Tour Guides local communities, and accessibility. Association (HPI) and the West Manggarai The Ministry of Tourism in the Indonesian Travel Association (ASITA). Guidelines for Tourism Villages (2019) In addition, there were several other explains that a tourist village is considered agencies that attended the FGD process, a geographical area that has criteria such as including Polytechnic eLBajo Commodus tourist attraction (DTW), accessibility, from the academic sector, Swiss Contact - amenities, human resources (HR), society, Sustour as a non-governmental industry, branding, advertising, and selling. organization, and several community Pusparani (2020) explains that the leaders. The FGD was held for six components of tourism village products meetings. The determination of assessment include tourist attraction (DTW), aspects and variables is based on a study of accessibility, supporting facilities, and the preparation of tourism village criteria supporting organization/institutions. as a basic instrument for tourism village development (Akrida and Pujani, 2017) RESEARCH METHOD and the Tourism Village Guideline Book The approach of this reserch used (Ministry of Tourism, 2019), so it is agreed quantitative method, and according to that six aspects of assessment are 1) Wiliams (2007) quantitative methods make attractions (nature and culture), 2) research objective by revealing reality accessibility, 3) amenities public facilities based on the data collected. With a and tourism support, 4) institutions and quantitative approach, this
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