1961, 1961, June June Although Ending Ending Year Year the the Fiscal Fiscal Covers Covers Erally Erally Made

Home , Alemany Boulevard, Foothill Freeway, January 1961

,~ 1 ~ ~ ~ ~ t tl i 1 1 _

r~ ~ 1 t ~_ ,e

Works Public Public of of Director Director

BRADFORD B. B. ROBERT ROBERT

Engineer Highway Highway State State

WOMACK C. C. J. J.

Respectfully,

California. in in population population

of of needs needs growing the the meeting meeting progress progress in in orderly orderly and and sustained sustained

administration's your your of of example example impressive impressive as as an an continues continues

this this State in in development development highway highway of of program program extensive extensive the the

budgeting, in in continuity continuity fiscal fiscal emphasis emphasis on on the the plans, plans, and and range range

long- established established to to according according proceeding proceeding construction construction With With

persons.

interested interested to to available available be be will will which which selection. supplement supplement route route every every a a in in almost almost involved involved in in problems problems plex plex

published

be be will will statistics statistics and and contract contract com- of of tables tables many many view view the the in in apportionment apportionment accomplishment accomplishment significant significant is is This This a a

statements, Financial Financial Works. Works. Public Public and and Highways Highways California California 5,825. to to adopted adopted routes routes

magazine, bimonthly bimonthly our our in in is is included included for again again total total report report mileage mileage annual annual the the statewide statewide the the increasing increasing freeway, freeway, of of miles miles

portion portion

text text the the year, year, last last started started 435 practice practice the the routes routes for for adopted adopted has has Continuing Continuing Commission Commission Highway Highway the the California California

California. highway highway in in months, 12 12 past past interstate interstate the the the the During During planning. planning. freeway freeway to to regard regard in in larly larly

percent percent 85 85 about about adopted adopted for for been been routes routes have have particu- emphasized, emphasized, Freeway Freeway being being is is communities communities local local and and State State the the

requirements. traffic traffic present present for for adequate adequate considered considered is is between mainder mainder operation operation Co- front. front. on on planning planning the the made made also also being being

re-

the the while while standards, standards, interstate interstate ultimate ultimate to to are is is developed developed advances advances ahead, ahead, moves moves program program the the construction construction While While

mileage completed completed of of -third -third the the one About About miles. miles. 317 317 another another motorists. State's State's the the for for and and convenience convenience safety safety

budgeted budgeted

or or underway underway is is and and construction construction highway highway of dividends dividends state state large large 30'J 30'J miles, miles, yielding yielding some some by by California California in in

inter-

of of miles miles 642 642 on on completed completed has has been been work work present, present, At At mileage the the freeway freeway total total have have we we increased increased years years three three past past

time. on on completed completed be be to to are are routes routes interstate interstate the In In week. week. every every opened opened nearly nearly are are being being highway highway improved improved

miles miles of 2,200 2,200 State's State's the the if if construction construction interstate interstate on on phasis phasis or freeway freeway sections sections of of New New past past the the year. year. during during record record levels levels

em- great great place place to to continue continue must must California California 1972. 1972. is is System System to accelerated accelerated been been has has program program The The highway highway construction construction

Interstate the the

of of completion completion date date for for target target The The national national society.

400 400 miles. tional tional California a a dynamic dynamic mobility mobility in in future future and and present present assure assure

an an

addi- progress progress on on in in now now is is Construction Construction year. year. past past the the in in to designed highways highways we we building building are are this this prospect, prospect, Facing Facing

opened have have been been freeway freeway miles miles new new of of 100 100 than than More More gram. gram. 20 20 next next years.

pro- highway highway state state the the of of feature feature salient salient the the as as continues continues ways, ways, in in triple triple the will will this this State State travel travel in in vehicle vehicle Motor Motor improved. improved.

of of High- Interstate Interstate System System National National the the included included in in routes routes on on or introduced introduced be be may may transportation transportation mass mass of of methods methods other other

construction, construction, and and particularly planning planning freeway freeway Progress Progress in in and and goods, goods, even even though moving moving people people of of means means principal principal our our

is is included. program program construction construction the the on on information information later later some some be to to years years for for many many continue continue will will Highway Highway transportation transportation

30, 30, 1961, 1961, June June although ending ending year year the the fiscal fiscal covers covers erally erally made. are are being being which which improvements improvements way way

and and Code Code Highways Highways gen- and and Streets Streets 143 143 the the of of Section Section with with the the tremendous tremendous outlines outlines and and high- Year, Year, -61 -61 1960 Fiscal Fiscal the the for for

prepared prepared is is in in compliance report report The The Highways. Highways. of of Division Division the the the the of of highway highway program California California view view overall overall presents presents an an

of Fifteenth Fifteenth Annual Annual Report Report the the is is G. G. Brown Brown Edmund Edmund Governor Governor Works. Works. of of The The report Public Public Department Department Highways, Highways, of of sion sion

and and approval approval to transmittal transmittal your your for for herewith herewith Submitted Submitted of of Divi- the the to to Annual Annual the the Report Report 15th 15th submit submit pleased. pleased. am am

Sir: Dear Dear Dear Dear My My Governor:

California of of State State of of California Governor Governor

Works Public Public of of Director Director G. G. Brown Edmund Edmund

Bradford B. B. Robert Robert

1961 7, 7, December December 1961 7, 7, December December

Transmitta of of fetters fetters Official Journal of the Division of Highways, Department of Public V°✓arks, State of California ~~~~ , Vol. 40 November-December 1961 Nos. 11-12 ~, ~' ~~ ,~. CONTENTS ~. AiVR1U~iL REPORT ISSUE Page Departmental Organization Chart ______.______-- 2 California Highway Commission ______3 California Highways-1961 ______-___--_---__- 5 Operations ------21 Construction ------21 Maintenance------22 Materials and Research ___-_-___--_____-__--_-____--__-___-_-___ 27 Equipment ------32 Administration ______37 Office Engineer ------37 County and Co-operative Projects 40 City and Co-operative Projects ______42 Service and SuPp~Y ------42 Management Analysis __ __ 45 Systems Research ------45 Planning __ 46 Advance Planning ------46 Photogrammetric Mapping and Aerial Photography ______48 Programs and Budgets 4$ Desi9 n ------48 Traffic------50 FRONT COVER—Sef against a backdrop of evergreen Highway Planning Survey 51 covered slopes of Mounf Shasfa, forests and the snow- _ 53 this new sect;on of Interstate highway now speeds Bridges ------motorists along U.S. 99 south of Dunsmuir, Siskiyou Bridge Planning ------_-_-___----_ 53 County. The paved section at far righf is part of a vista Bridge Operations 55 a area where travelers may safely park and enjoy ~radge Office Engineering 58 spectacular view of the 14,762-foot peak.—Color photo by Jack Meyerpeter Special Projects ---_------59 State-owned Toll Bridges 60 25th Birthday of San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge ______61 BACK CC?VER—Heavy grading was under way when photographer Bob Dunn snapped this color picture of Personnel and Public Information ______-____ 62 freeway construction on U.S. Highway 40 (Interstate 80) Personnel __------_- --- 62 on the Rindler Fill section just east of Vallejo. This Training -_--_-_-_ ___ 63 in project is one of a series of major freeway jobs now Employee 64 progress or budgeted on this important cross-state route. Safety — ------Note the old four-lane undivided highway (left) which will Audiovisual ___ 65 be eliminated when the new freeway is opened to traffic. Public information ___ _ 65 Right-of-way ------67 Legal ------69 Accounting ------71 1961-62 Budget ---_--__-_-----_- - --_---- __ 72

LESTER S. KORITZ, Edrtor STEWART MITCHELL, Associate Editor JOHN C. ROBINSON, Associate Editor HELEN HALSTED, Assistant Editor WILLIAM R. CHAh1EY, Chief Photographer Editors are invited fo use information contained herein and to request prints of any black and white phofographs.

Address communications to: EDITOR, CALIFORNIA HIGHWAYS AND PUBLIC WORKS P. O. Box 1499 SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA 0 GOVERtVOR 1

HIGHWAY TRANSPORTATIONAGENCY AGENCY ADMINISTRATOR

DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC WORKS CALIFORNIA EX OFFICIO MEMBER AND CHAIRMAN CALIFORNIA HIGHWAY COMMISSION HIGHWAY COMMISSION -

DIVISION OF CONTRACTS AND RIGHTS OF WAY (LEGAL DEPT. CHIEF OF DIVISION coffee—n.s. nose Ti. c aommt 1

0 DEPUTY STATE HIGHWAY ENGINEER DEPUTY STATE H ENGINEER DEPUTY STATE HIGHWAY ENGINEER ADMINISTRATION OPERATIONS►GHWAY PLANNING c. e.c ~.r. x~,pnr

'fRSONldEIL PUBLIC IWfORMATI0t9 ADMINISTRATION ffISCAL OPERATIONS I I BRIDGES `RIGHTOF YMAYT I I PLANNING

rRix~iPA~xw..ExaR. Ass ~R. MANAGfMEP7T AS cxGR. ASST.SiA,E ;w M1.[x a. xiEr aaex assr.s~nrE x.~v.c ca.

5.11.I..~F~ea c. w J.A.Ls avR11pR ~p

ADMINISTRATION PERSONNEL PUBLIC INFORMATION OFFICE ENGR. FEDERAL SECONDARY ~ ~• ~~ ~ ~ ~ ACCT.SYSTEM PEk50xxE~ OF FILERI IMF0 RMAi ION OFFICED II PRINCIPALMwY. ENGP. PRIMCiPAL HWY. ENGP. ~I.~i.~Sm~~h 1..5. Ko.i~: li.C. flcf.ny 11.II. La4'ort'e OISBIIRSING

COU.PiROLLERS

IN-SERVICETRAINING EMPLOYEE SAFETY CITY8 COOP. PROJ. SYSTEMS RESEARCH R.5. Cdly

I ~ xwf'EN G p„5ehceli4opl 11. T Sode. E S II A S.i zee I N N P:zi G c AAN. ~eeM1 T~~ .T~

SEPVICE6 SUPPLY MANAGEA'iENTANALYSIS p AUDIO-YISIIALSERVICES RFIS11HG N E OFFICE ENGR. p. 11I P SPEC.PROJERS I I PRdGRAM58 BUDGET

Di0-Vi5UAi5P I SEN100.nO41X. ANA SUPERVISINGBR. E G PAL BR Ex x IPA NwY. EN 0. f,.Union ,~.5.Po.bue6M1 LY I`~.~ n~'.) E.L. P'alsli~ ~L.IC.Iloll~s~.. Gre ftE, J. L. Pe~orsoo

_ STATE OF CALIFORNIA DFPA RTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS

DISTRICTI DISTRICT11 DISTRIfTIII DISTRICTIY DISTRICTY DISTRICTYI DIST2ICTYII DISTNICTYIII DISTRICTIX DISTRICTX DISTRICTXI DIVISION OF HIGHWAYS ssr.srPrsnwu_E msreicrenc!r. oisTeicrenre. oisraicrenca. ~isrRmrExcR. mslgicrErv~R. T~t~rT ~~~aE” oisreicrEncw. oisrRicrExcR. oisrRicrExcR. oisrsmr~xc2.

msrxiclencas. r c Ri exeR. oisrxicrervcss. pai xs R~~ E~c Pxincivn~ s~a.~~e.~Axw xixcirn~~,,;~E~xw r E. ORGANIZATION CHART ~~,..o. ~~~,P.s;,~, ,,~tw .E ~~R ~~~,~~E m~,~,~~~as.~.E. ~°~~:~ <.a ,~ a~~;POo,~m „r~„ , 1962 ~~,~~ STATE OF CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS CALIFORNIA HIGHVelAY COM/V~ISSION

ROBERT B. BRADFORD, ClJQZYylZa~2~ Ex Off'LCZO

.~Yleznber Residence Date of original appointment Term expires Jau~ES A. GuTxxiE, San Bernardino______September 14, 1943 January 15, 1965

ROBERT E. MCCLURE~ Santa Monica______January 18, 1954 January 15, 1962

ARTHUR T. LUDDY~ Sacramento______February 16, 1959 January 15, 1963

ROGER S. WOOLLEY, San Diego ______March `18, 1959 January 15, 1963

JOHN ERRECA~ LOS Banos______. ______January 15, 1961 January 15, 1965

ABRAHAM KOFMAN, Sari TOSC___ ._____ September 14, 1961 January 15, 1964

Secretary: A. J. COOPER Assistant Secretary: GEOxGE N. CooK

CALEIl9DAR OF 7VIEETIIVGS CALIFORNIA HIGHWAY COMMISSION July 1, 1960 to June 30, 1961 * July 19, 1960_____~__~~~____~______..______Los Angeles ~ January 26, 1961_..______-______..______.San Francisco

*` July 20, 1960------San Diego January 27, 1961------San Jose (Public hearing on freeway locarion, road IV-SCl-2-C,GiI, * August 31, September 1 and 2, 1960______Sacramento MgH,B,SJs, between 0.4 mile south of Thomas Road and Route 68 near Ford Road.) ~ September 27 and 28, 1960.______Sacramento ~ FebruarY------23 and 24 1961 ------Sacramento October 11, 1960______Hayward (Special session to vote $750,000 to road VII-LA-167-LA, from * March 22, 1961______.Los Angeles at or near Botschke Slough to Terminal Island.) March 23, 1961______San Bernardino October 18, 1960______Chino (Special session for inspection of roads in Riverside and San Special session for inspection of roads VII,VIII-LA,SBd, Bernardino Counties.) Riv.-19-Pom;A,Chn,Ont,B;A and VII-LA-161-LA,Gndl.) ~ April 13, 1961 ______Sacramento *` October 25, 1960______Sacramento April 14, 1961 ______Hayward October 27, 1960.__.______- ______Los Angeles (Public hearing on freeway location, road IV-Ala-S-D,Hay, (Public hearing on freeway location, road VII-LA-161-LA, C,UnC,Fmt, between Route 228 and Washington Boulevazd Gndl, between Route 4 and Figueroa Street.) in the Irvington District of Fremont.) October 28, 1960______..______- ______Chino May 2, 1961------Daly City (Public hearing on freeway location, road VII,VIII-L.A,SBd, (Public hearing on freeway location, road IV-SM-56-D1C,F, 71 and Riv-19-Pom;A,Chn,Ont,B;A, between State Sign Route State Highway Route 56 (State Sign Route 1) in San Mateo one mile east of the Mira Loma Grade Separation.) County between Skyline Boulevard and Junipero Serra Free- # November 22, 1960______Sacramento way.) ~` December 14, 1960______Sacramento ~ May 24 and 25, 1961 _____.Sacramento * January 25, 1961______Sacramento * June 21 and 22, 1961 ______Sacramento 'Regular meetings.

Ivlo~rer~6aer-Dec~rnber 1961 3

q, q, Highways Highways Works California California {ic {ic and and Pub

t t Membex Membex

of of the the Interim Interim

Commission.

* * Deceased.

John John J. J.

Purchio______Purchio______------Hayward Hayward ______9, 9, 1961 Jan. Jan. Sept. Sept. 15, 15,

1960

Resigned Resigned

Chester Chester

H. H.

Warlow______Warlow______--- -_ Fresno___ Fresno______1961 Sept. Sept. 15, 15, 14, 14,

Jan. Jan.

1943

Robert Robert L. L.

Bishop______Bishop______------Rosa______Santa Santa

1960 15, 15, Jan. Jan. Jan. Jan. 15,1956

T. T.

Fred Fred

Bagshaw

------Valley______- Mill Mill 1959 Jan. Jan.

Nov. Nov. 4, 4,

Resigned Resigned 10, 10, 1958

John John O. O.

Bronson______Bronson______Sacramento______

15, 15, 1959

Feb. Feb. Jan. Jan. 26,1958

C. C.

M. M.

Gillis___

______Sacramento______10, 10, 1958 Nov. Nov.

Jan. Jan. Resigned Resigned 1, 1,

1958

Fred Fred

A. A.

Speers______Speers______- -- Escondido______15, 15,

1959 Jan. Jan. Jan. Jan. 21,1955

H. H.

Stephen Stephen

Chase_ Chase_

______'_ _'_ _ ------_ _ Francisco Francisco San San Feb. Feb. _ _ _ 25, 25, Oct. Oct. 1958 Resigned Resigned 30, 30, _ _

1951

Frank Frank B. B.

Durkee ______Sacramento______

1957 Dec. Dec. 31, 31, Aug. Aug. Resigned Resigned 4, 4, 1951

F. F.

Walter Walter

Sandelin______~____ -__ -__ _ Ukiah______Ukiah______1956 _____ 15, 15, 1943 Sept. Sept. Jan. Jan. 14, 14,

Charles Charles

T. T.

Leigh______Leigh______San San 1955 Diego______15, 15, 11, 11,

1949 May May Jan. Jan.

Harrison Harrison

R. R.

Baker_ Baker______------Pasadena Pasadena 15, 15, _ _ _ _ _ 1954 Sept. Sept. Jan. Jan. 14, 14,

1943

Homer Homer P. P.

Brown* Brown* ______Placerville_ Placerville_

1951 _ _ 26, 26,

_ _ Oct. Oct. ______Resigned Resigned _ 1943 Sept. Sept. 14, 14,

C. C.

H. H.

Purcell*_

------Sacramento______

1951 31, 31, Sept. Sept. July July Resigned Resigned 14, 14, 1943

C. C.

Arnholt Arnholt

Smith ______g _ _ _ _ p __ o______1949 San San g g 1, 1, t. t. Jan. Jan.

1943 Die Die Se Se ned

Resi Resi 14 14

William William

weigertt ------

Sacramento______- --

1943 Sept. Sept. 14, 14, Resigned Resigned 11, 11,

1943 Jan. Jan.

- --

-- -- gS gS -

-- t -

Verne Verne

Sco Sco

ins ins ______Sacramento_ Sacramento_ _ _ _ 1943 ______Sept. Sept. Resigned Resigned 11, 11,

1943 _ _ _ _ 14, 14, _ _ an. an. _ _

Miss Miss

Helen Helen

MacGregor]' MacGregor]' ______Sacramento_ Sacramento______1943 ______Sept. Sept. Resigned Resigned ______

_ 1943 14, 14, Jan. Jan. _ _ _ _ 11, 11,

Mrs. Mrs.

Dora Dora

Shaw Shaw Heffner]'_ Heffner]'______Sacramento_ Sacramento_ _ _ _ _ 1943 ______1943 _ _ _ _ Jan. Jan. _ _ _ _ Sept. Sept. Resigned Resigned 11, 11, 14, 14,

Gordon Gordon H. H.

Garland ]'------Sacramento______-- 1943 - - -- Sept. Sept. Resigned Resigned 11, 11,

1943

14, 14, Jan. Jan.

L. L.

G. G.

Hitchcock ______Rosa______1943 Santa Santa Resigned Resigned 10, 10, 1939 11, 11, Mar. Mar. Jan. Jan.

Bert Bert

L. L.

Vaughn ______Jacumba______1943 1939 Mar. Mar. Jan. Jan. Resigned Resigned 3, 3, 11, 11,

Amerigo Amerigo

Bozzani ______Angeles______1943 Los Los 1939 Resigned Resigned 3, 3, 11, 11, Mar. Mar. Jan. Jan.

Iener Iener

W. W.

Nielsen______Nielsen______Fresno______1943 Resigned Resigned 3, 3, 1939 Mar. Mar. Jan. Jan. 11, 11,

Lawrence Lawrence Barrett_ Barrett______Francisco_ Francisco______1943 ______San San 1939 ______Mar. Mar. _ _ Jan. Jan. Resigned Resigned 3, 3, 11, 11,

Frank Frank W. W. Clark______Clark______------Angeles______-- 1939 Los Los Resigned Resigned 27, 27, 1939 10, 10, Jan. Jan. Mar. Mar.

S. S. Robert Robert Redington Redington ______Angeles Angeles _ _ _ _ 1939 Los Los _ _ _ _ 5, 5, ______Oct. Oct. Jan. Jan. _ _ Resigned Resigned 193 193 27, 27, 7

William William

T. T. Hart *______Carlsbad___ Carlsbad___ .____ 1939 7, 7, 1936 July July Mar. Mar. Resigned Resigned 3, 3,

Paul Paul

G. G.

Jasper *______*______Fortuna______1939 May May Mar. Mar. Resigned Resigned 7, 7, 1936 3, 3,

H. H.

R. Judah*______Cruz______Cruz______1937 Santa Santa 7,1936 May May 5, 5, Oct. Oct. Resigned Resigned

C. C.

D. D. Hamilton *_____ *______Banning______1935 1936 1, 1, = Aug. Aug. Apri124, Apri124, Died Died

Ray Ray

Ingels------Ukiah______------1935 Resigned Resigned 1935 May May Oct. Oct. 21, 21, 4, 4,

Dr. Dr. W. W. W. W. Barham______Barham______Yreka______1935 Resigned Resigned 20, 20, 1932 21, 21, Dec. Dec. May May

Philip Philip A. A. *_ *_ _ _ Stanton ______1939 ______Anaheim Anaheim Resigned Resigned 6, 6, ______1931 ______Mar. Mar. Jan. Jan. 3, 3,

Harry Harry A. Hopkins *______Taft______1937 Resigned Resigned 6, 6, 1931 Jan. Jan. Oct. Oct. 14, 14,

Timothy Timothy A. A. Reardon *______Francisco______San San 6, 6, 1931 Jan. Jan. 1936 May May Resigned Resigned 7, 7,

Frank Frank A. A. Tetley *______Riverside______1935 Resigned Resigned 6, 6, 1931 Jan. Jan. July July 31, 31,

Earl Earl Lee Lee Kelly ______Redding______Resigned Resigned 6,.1931 Jan. Jan. 1932 Oct. Oct. 18, 18,

Fred Fred S. S. Moody* ______Francisco______19, 19, 1931 San San Resigned Resigned 1927 Aug. Aug. 6, 6, Jan. Jan.

Joseph Joseph N. N. Schenck *_ *______Angeles_ Angeles_ _ _ _ _ Los Los Resigned Resigned 19, 19, ______1927 Aug. Aug. ______1931 Jan. Jan. 6, 6,

M. M. B. B. Harris*______Fresno______Apri118, Apri118, 1931 Jan. Jan. Resigned Resigned 1927 6, 6,

J. J. P. P. Baumgartner *______Ana______Santa Santa Resigned Resigned 6, 6, 1927 Jan. Jan. 1931 Jan. Jan. 6, 6,

W. W. Ralph Ralph Bull*______Eureka______Resigned Resigned 6, 6, 1927 1931 Jan. Jan. Jan. Jan. 6, 6,

Nelson Nelson T. T. Edwards* Edwards* ______Orange__ Orange__ Resigned Resigned 10, 10, 1923 Jan. Jan. _ _ _ _ 1927 ______Jan. Jan. ______3, 3, _ _ _ _

Louis Louis Everding* ______Arcata______Resigned Resigned 9, 9, 1923 1927 Jan. Jan. 17, 17, Jan. Jan.

Harvey Harvey M. M. Toy _ _ *_ *______Francisco_ Francisco_ San San Resigned Resigned ______Jan. Jan. _ _ 9, 9, _ _ _ 1923 Jan. Jan. _ _ _ _ 1927 3, 3,

C. C. George George Mansfield *______Oroville______Resigned Resigned 1919 Jan. Jan. June June 1923 24, 24, 9, 9,

Emmett Emmett _ _ Phillips* Phillips* ______Sacramento_ Sacramento_ Died Died ______1918 ______1919 June June _ _ _ _ 21, 21, _ _ _ Dec. Dec. 18, 18,

Charles Charles A. A. *______Whitmore Visalia______Resigned Resigned 1918 Jan. Jan. 29, 29, Nov. Nov. 1923 8, 8,

Henry Henry J. J. Widenmann* Widenmann* ______Vallejo_ Vallejo_ Died Died 1917 _ _ _ _ Oct. Oct. _ _ _ _ 1, 1, ______Mar. Mar. ______6, 6, _ _ 1918

Charles Charles F. F. Stern ______Eureka______Resigned Resigned 15, 15, 1914 Dec. Dec. Jan. Jan. 1918 21, 21,

N. N. D. D. Darlington *______Resigned Resigned Angeles______Los Los 1911 Aug. Aug. Jan. Jan. 2, 2, 8, 8, 1923

Charles Charles D. D. Blaney* Blaney* ______Resigned Resigned 1911 Saratoga Saratoga 2, 2, _ _ Aug. Aug. ______Mar. Mar. ______1917 1, 1,

Burton Burton A. A. *______Towne Lodi______Resigned Resigned 1911 2, 2, Jan. Jan. Aug. Aug. 14, 14, 1914

appointment Name Residence membership

of of

Date Termination

COfV1~9SSlOi~! tiIGFIVe/~AY tiIGFIVe/~AY PAST PAST MEMBERS MEMBERS OF OF CALI~O~tNiA CALI~O~tNiA THE THE e

California's growth and development in the second half of the 20th Century is dependent on sound planning and mobility. Since World War II the State has been coping vigorously with the need for construction of major public facilities of all types—to conserve and develop its resources, to meet the im- mediate needs of its continuously ex- panding population and to plan and build for the future. With Californians now driving nearly 9,000,000 motor vehicles, about one for every two residents of the State, and with these vehicles covering a total of more than 70 billion miles in 1961, the State's need for modern. highway facilities is a prime example of the problems and challenge which accompany rapid growth. California's program of pay-as-you- go highway modernization was stepped up in 1947 and further accelerated in 1953 with additional financing and again in 1956 through the Federal Aid Highway Act. In 1947, there were about 480 miles of multi-lane divided highway mileage on the State Highway System. There are now 2,360 miles in operation, most of it of the freeway or expressway type, with the built-in permanence of This recenfly completed section of Santa Monica Freeway viaduct will be part of the 29-mile "loop traffic capacity assured by control of bypass" which will skirt downtown Los Angeles and provide relief from tragic pressure on other central district freeways. The Los Angeles River Bridge and the East Los Angeles Interchange are at access. upper left. There are still critical deficiencies on state highways, although the worst of them are being remedied as funds permit. There is serious congestion at than it was in 1947, even though the trafFic volume doubles again—as it is peak traffic hours on seine partly com- number of cars and trucks has more expected to do within two decades— pleted metropolitan freeway systems. than doubled. it will still flow smoothly and safely, But on the whole, traffic is gener- And the new freeways are being even at the staggering estimated total ally moving better and more safely designed and built so that when the. movement of 200 billion miles a year.

No~embee--Dec~~ber 1961 5

6 6

Ca~~fornia Ca~~fornia 8 8 righways righways and and Public Public 0~/orks

{and. {and. Oak

Shown Shown the the

here here is is fence -cable -cable barrier barrier by by developed developed the the Qivision Qivision of of Highways Highways in in a a series series of of crash crash tests.

barriers barriers Median Median

installed installed are are

being being to to

prevent prevent

cross

- median median

headon headon on on collisions collisions

traveled traveled heavily heavily freeways freeways this this such such as as section section of of the the Freeway Freeway Nimitz Nimitz in

sw•

system, system,

like like other other highways, highways, state state have termini termini been been have have specified. are are entirely entirely different different in in appearance.

Routes Routes in in the the express~~ay freeway- a a general general In In most most way. way. cases, cases, the only only the the motorist, motorist, however, however, these these highways

been been and and designated designated destination. Legislature Legislature by by the the in a a varying varying degree degree of of access access To control. control.

between between points points traffic traffic main main of of origin are are "freeways "; "; that that is is highways highways with

providing providing maximum maximum highway highway capacity

Under Under California California law, law, bath bath types

improvement.

function function in in combination combination

a a system,

as as

trol —full —full freeways, freeways, and and expressways.

long -range -range program program of of h'sghway

free`vay~s free`vay~s

express and and «gays «gays will

~a~hich ~a~hich of of modern modern

highway highway

access access with with con-

identified identified closely closely with with State's the the

plan plan

envisions envisions strategically strategically

located

years years recent recent has has been been two two types on on Eng'sneer Eng'sneer 1948, 1948,

in in

he he

has has

been

For For

the the metropolitan metropolitan areas, areas, big big

the

ventional ventional highway, highway, the the emphasis emphasis in since since his his appointment appointment as as PBcannin~

gion.

fihe fihe includes includes past past tem tem 15 15 hundreds hundreds and and of of years, years, miles miles of of con- especially

trial, trial,

agricultural agricultural and and recreation recreation re- of of Highways Highways sion sion staff staff in in 1929. 1929. Although Although For State State the the Highway Highway Sys-

travel, travel, and and

serve serve

every every 1959. 1959. cember cember major major indus- ~9e ~9e joined joined Divi- the the 1939. enacted enacted in in

59 59 Highway Highway percent percent Engineer Engineer of of

the the position position

total total in in motor motor DG-

vehicle

basic basic concept. concept. Its Its freeway freeway

was

law law

He He was was appo9nted appo9nted to to the the State cities cities of of

5,000 5,000

or or more more

persons, persons,

carry

nia nia

helped helped

pioneer pioneer the the access access contrail

liaison liaison con4ractor con4ractor with with

groups. In In the the 1980, 1980,

system system

will will all

connect connect

ing ing high- capacity capacity highways. highways. ~alifor-

.he .he

of of

Feld Feld

design design

and policy policy

16,000 -mile -mile

State State I~ighway I~ighway

System.

the the control control access access principle principle in in

design-

mittses mittses over over years, years, the the

mainly mainly

includes includes 12,500 12,500

miles miles

of of

the the

overall

planners planners

and and

gineers gineers

have have

now now adapted

member member been been a a of of numerous numerous com-

construction construction

a a

over over

20 - }Tear }Tear

period. period. It

Throughout Throughout the the world, world, en- highway highway

AASHO AASHO committees. committees. Ne Ne has has also

billion billion

in in freeway freeway and and expressway

and and has has presided presided

over over several

{A¢eess {A¢eess

Cmra~r~7

Expressway Expressway System," System,"

calls calls $10.5 for for

president president vice vice of of 'the 'the organization

This This

plan, plan,

the the

"California "California Freeway- and and structed structed in in operation. He He hcs hcs previously previously served served as as first

by by the the State State Legislature Legislature 1959. in in freeways freeways and and Colorado. Denver, Denver, expressways expressways now now con-

ies ies

1957 1957 in in 1958 1958 and and nual nual was was mee4ing mee4ing and. and. held held adopted expressway expressway system system in in October October at mileage, mileage, including

national national the the

from from engineering engineering association association and and at at economic economic its its stud- an- half half nearly nearly of of for for the the total total freeway-

Womack Womack was was elected elected

to to head way way and and expressway expressway system system emerged routes routes already already have have been been

established

cials cials 1962.

for for

A A master master State's State's for for plan plan the the free- planning planning of of vance vance the the past. past.

Specific

Association Association

of of State State

Highway Highway

Offi-

lation lation and and

traffic. orderly orderly the the

progress progress

and and

careful careful ad-

named named president president

of of the the

American

anticipated anticipated the the

increases increases

in in its its popu-

master master

plan plan The The

takes takes advantage advantage of

Division Division of of Highways, Highways, has has

been

California California

~~ill ~~ill be be prepared prepared to to handle matters.

Womack, Womack,

Chief Chief of of the the California

experience experience

and and in in long -range -range planning,

to to and and routes routes

decisions decisions

on on design State State Highway Highway

Engineer Engineer J. J. C.

highway highway construction construction

accomplishment

to to the the leading leading adoption adoption of of

the the specific

AASHO AASHO

PRESIDENT

financing financing

structure, structure, a a solid solid record record of studies studies and and tailed tailed

public public

discussions

\INOMACIC \INOMACIC SERVES SERVES AS

Because Because of of a a sound sound legislative legislative

and provide provide the the tions tions guidelines guidelines for for de-

general general These These Long -Range -Range PEannong legislative legislative descrip- FAYALII'1( RATE PER !00 RAiLL10N VEHICLE MILES (1956-1960 AVERAGES)

RURAL STATE HIGNV~AYS _ ~o,~~ _ ~,°~~ o (excluding freeevays) ~.~~~_ ~o~ _ ;e`?~- -_ ~ ~?~_ ~o~ _ ~;o~? _ ~;o~,~__

FREEWAYS ONlY ;o~ _ :~`~ , ~se,:~ _ ~. ~,

ROR~L STAT& HIGN~AYS ~ Y T.

A full freeway is a divided highway conversion to full free~~ay standards. bile is a primary method of transpor- with from- four to eight lanes. Access California now has 900 miles of four- tation. is restricted to locations where traffic lane expressway in operation or under There is goad reason for this. Mod- may enter and leave the highway construction. ern freeways carry more traffic in safely. There are no left turn move- California also builds two-lane ex- greater safety than any other type of ments in front of oncoming cars on ~resswc~ys, usually in rural or moun- highway. freeways, and intersecting roads cross tain areas where the present traffic ~ freeway is the engineer's answer over or under the highway by means load is relatively sma~I. These high- to the challenge of today's massive of separation structures. -There are dvays are much like ordinary two-lane traffic volumes. One freeway lane has 922 miles of full freeway in operation facilities, but access is planned to elim- three times the traffic capacity of a in the State and- another 397 miles inate potential hazard and congestion. normal city street lane. under construction. Enough right of way is initially re- The tremendous efficiency of free- An expYess~zvay is a four-lane divided quired to permit future upgrading to ways in handling heavy traffic is highway with most of the features of four-lane expressway. evident in I,os Angeles where some portions of the partly completed met- a full freeway, except that cross traffic Why Buold Freeways? ropolitan freeway system are now and sometimes private access may be Freeways are now planned, under carrying more than 200,000 vehicles permitted at some locations. Most ex- construction or in operation in most a day. pressways are. designed for eventual parts of the world where the automo- A more significant freeway benefit, however, is safety. California's freeways for many years have had a better safety record than all other types of highways in the State. For the past five years, the fatality rate on freeways has been about one- third the rate on conventional rural highways, and the overall accident rate has been about one-half the conventional highway rate. (See czccom- panying chart.) Freeways promote safety for foot traffic, too. Pedestrians and bicycles are not permitted on freeways, and crossing structures and fencing prevent children from darting into the path of fast-moving vehicles. From the long range viewpoint, freeways are a real "bhie chip" investment. The capacity and safety benefits of freeways are permanent. Freeways. built 20 years ago in this US Highway 101 is rapidly being converted to freeway and expressway standards. This new freeway bypass at Greenfield, Monterey County, is typical of the tremendous improvements which are being made. State still are capable of handling the i~4overr~b~r-December 196T 7 large traffic volumes for which they large directional signs, make it easier a freeway and traffic moves along were originally designed, in contrast to get to the business district. smoothly. with the old style boulevards which Records of real estate transactions In short, freeways save time, lives quickly became choked with traffic show that practically all commercial and money, provide a wide range of due to roadside strip development and property along or near a freeway in- community benefits, and preserve the unrestricted access. creases in value after the freeway is mobility which is so much a part of It costs motorists less to operate completed. This strengthens the local the California way of life and a neces- their cars on a freeway. Studies have tax base and usually more than offsets sity in the State's growth. shown a saving of more than a half- the value of the land used for the The Flighway Organiaation cent amile on freeways, as compared freeway itself. California legislators have enacted to ordinary streets, in gasoline and After a freeway is built through a the laws and established the policies upkeep alone. There are also great community, residents frequently dis- which provide the basic legal and pol- savings resulting from travel time re- caver that they may once again drive icy framework for the highway pro- ductions and reduced accident expo- from one side of town to the other gram. sure. without encountering frustrating de- While maintaining a keen interest Community Benefits lays due to traffic congestion. They in highway matters, both local and Experience shows that properly lo- find that the freeway crossing struc- statewide, the legislators have dele- cated freeways help local business by tures have reunited the community gated to the California Highway removing traffic from overburdened which was formerly split in two by Commission the authority and re- streets, thus easing business district a moving barrier of heavy traffic. sponsibility for determining highway congestion for the local people who With a freeway in operation, trafFic routes and allocating construction do most of the buying. noise and fumes generated by stop and funds. At the same time, freeway connec- go traffic on city streets are reduced This long-standing legislative policy tions and interchanges, marked by because there are no stop signals on has assured the continuity of the high-

State of Californio Highway User Taxes Including Federal Aid Department of Public Works Highways Percentages based generally on 1962-63 Budget. Division of SOURCE DISTRI~~TION HWY. P A TR OL COUNT Y C ITY & D.AA.ol. STATE HI GH W AYS ROA DS 5 TREE T5 .. ' 2~% 10~ .. 5 — "" ------—INofe 1)

~. _ ...... ~. _ _.. ~ _.. ~ ...... :...... e ..w ...... ,. ~ _e ~$~ g$3£~ S'~S4 ------

~~..._~..~....~_ __~_w_~~.~~~qqq~~~ ------

~'~Q~i1~/l3K {Note,3~ ? ~~ ------~% ~~ (Note 4)

i ' 33% T~ 1 ~L~ ~ ~ ~ i ' i ~~ (Node 5) (Note 5)

~- ---'IN LIEU' (PROPERTY) T.4X ---~ State Highways within cities financed wholly by State and Federal funds. ~ QN VALUE OF MOTOR VEHICLES NOTES: 1. (collected by State) 2. Federal Aid Infersfafe must be matched 9~ by Stale funds from DEPARTMENT OF above sources. MOTOR VEHICLE4 ADA41N14TRATION & 3. Federal Aid Primary, Secondary, and Urban must be matched 42~, ~ I ~ I OLD HWT. BONDS. mostly by Sfafe funds from above sources. ~ ~ 4. Does not include mofching funds, up fo $100,000 per county per year, 5~ from State Highway Fund.

per year highway matching funds for local For general local 5. Does not include $5,000,000 SPate for urban — ~ Bove rnmenf purposes J— railroad grade separations, or about $1,500,000 a year extensions of F.A.S. county roads.

~ ~a0~fornoa !°~i~hvmays end ~ublfc Works way program over the years, fostering the steady progress which has charac- terized California highway develop- menr. The effect of these policies has been to free the highway organization from the pressures of partisan politics and sectionalism, permitting highway planning to proceed on the basis of statewide need and benefit. As a result, our highways are safer, more efficient, and designed to provide the greatest good for the greatest number of Cali- fornians.

California Highway Commission The California Highway Commis- sion is a nontechnical board of business and professional men. Commis- sioners are appointed by the Governer with confirmation by the State Senate. The State Director of Public Works is commission chairman. The uther members serve without pay for tour- year staggered terms. Commissioners represent the entire State, not a specific city or area. In addition to budgeting highway funds and adopting freeway and highway routes, the commission also ap- proves county primary road systems and authorizes condemnation proceedings, the execution of deeds, and right-of-way relinquishments and abandonments.

Qivision of Highways The State Division of Highways, a unit of the Department of Public Works, handles the day-to-day administration of the highway program, operating according to the requirements of state la~v and policies of the High- the highway program in his regi~~n. District II—H. S. Miles, District Engineer way Commission. (An organization chart is included on 1657 Riverside Drive The division is in charge of all state page 2.) Redding District III—Alan S. Hart, District Engi- highway planning, design, right-of- All of the engineers, maintenance way neer acquisition, construction and crews, technicians, statisticians and 703 B Street maintenance. Its activities cover the others who work for the Division of Marysville entire range of highway work from Highways are state-paid civil servants. District IV—J. P. Sinclair, Assistant State large scale freeway and bridge con- They are dedicated to serving the en- Highway Engineer struction to small but essential mainte- 150 Oak Street tire State, and their only goal is to San Francisco nance jobs. provide the best possible value in safe Chief of the division is the State District V—E. R. Foley, District Engineer and efficient highways for the ta.i- 50 Higuera Street Highway Engineer. He is assisted by payer's dollar. San Luis Obispo a headquarters staff in Sacramento. As Information about local highway District VI—W. L. Welch, District Engi- shown on the accompanying map, the matters may best be obtained at the neer State is divided into 11 state 1352 West Olive Avenue highway various district offices as follows: districts to provide for localized ad- Fresno ministration of the higli~vay program. District I—Sam Helwer, District Engi- District VII—E. T. Telford, Assistant State neer The engineer in charge in each dis- Highway Engineer 430 West Wabash Avenue 120 South Spring Street trict is responsible for all phases of Eureka Los Angeles

November-December 1961 9 District VIII—C. V. Kane, District Engineer must review hundreds of high-priority Despite the tremendous number of 247 Third Street projects and attempt to choose those projects which are financed each ;rear, San Bernardino which will meet the most critical local it is never possible to do everything District IX—C. A. Shervington, District and regional needs, comply with fed- that in any given year. Engineer should be done South Main Street eral requirements, and fit logically The cities' %$ -cent share of the gas Bishop into the long-range statewide pro- tax, about $36,000,000 a year, is dis- District X—J. G. Meyer, District Engi- gram. tributed by the Division of Highways neer Careful attention is paid to the on a population basis. 1976 East Charter Way requests made by various high`vay- The counties' 1 %S cents share, along Stockton user groups, public service organira- with a portion of the motor vehicle District XI—J. Dekema, District Engineer 4075 Taylor Street tions, and individuals. Thorough study fees amounts to about $94,000,000 a San Diego and comparison of all available data, year. These funds are distributed di- including comprehensive information rectly to the counties by the State Highway Fenancing on traffic volumes, accidents, popula- Controller, and their expenditure for The mainstay of California's high- tion changes, road conditions and road purposes is administered by local way financing is the state gasoline tax other factors, is required. boards of supervisors. of 6 cents a gallon. Four cents is applied to state highways, 1 %8 cents goes for county roads, and %s of a cent for city streets other than state highways. In addition to the gasoline tax, other sources of highway revenue are use; (diesel) fuel taxes, transportation taxes, and motor vehicle registration and weight fees. (Revenue sources and distribution for road purposes are shown on the chart on page S.) About one-third of the total highway revenue in California comes from federal sources for expenditure on various federal-aid highway systems of secondary, primary, urban and especially the interstate highways. The 1960-61 State Highway Budget contained an overall total of $569,- 244,Q00 of which $452,785,000 was for state highway construction purposes including rights-of-way. The corresponding totals for the current 1961- 62 budget are $633,460,000 and $509,- 078,000. As adopted by the Highway Commission in October, 1961, the record 1962-63 budget provides a gross total of $658,370,017 of which $527,- 792,917 is for state highway construction. (See article on 1962-63 budget on page %2.) According to law, 55 percent of the money available each year for state highway construction and rights-of- way is allocated to the 13 southern counties. The remaining 45 percent goes to the northern 45-county group. Each county is guaranteed a minimum share of the state highway construction funds in a specified period of years according to statutory formula. annual state high- In drawing up the Work was completed this year on this section of freeway on fhe Redwood Highway, US 701, near Myers way budget, Highway Commissioners Flat in Humboldt County.

~ ~ California Highways and Public Works Freeway Route SelecTion The selection of freeway routes is nearly always a difficult task for the Highway Commission and the Divi- sion of Highways — especially in built-up areas, where there are many complex factors involved. In many cases, any route selected may be unsatisfactory to some individuals or special groups, even though it offers the best range. of services and benefits at a reasonable. cost. Although every freeway route pro- posal is potentially controversial, most route selections are accomplished without prolonged disagreement. Con- sidering the many freeway routes adopted, about 400 miles a year, major controversies have been relatively rare. This progress may be attributed to selection policies and procedures which have been followed by the commission and the Highway Division over a long period. The object of these procedures is to insure painstaking study, careful consideration of all data, and complete public discussion of each possible route. California was one of the first Governor Edmund G. Brown (light suit) gets a firsthand view of freeway construction on the Santa states to insist that the people of a Monica Freeway in Los Angeles. The Governor discussed construction progress with (left to right) State community must be informed and Highway Engineer J. C. Womack, Assistanf State Highway Engineer E. T. Telford of Los Angeles, and consulted early and often about free- State Director of Public Works Robert B. Bradford. way plans. Briefly, the route selection process works like this: General termini for state highways are set by the Legislature. Before possible alternate routes between these termini are even laid out on a map, the Division of Highways gets together with city or county planners and traffic engineers to determine the area's needs and general plans. Local government agencies are notified that route studies are starting. Informal public meetings are often held at this point, to explain the problems involved and to obtain preliminary ideas. Working in close co-operation with local technical staffs, the division conducts extensive traffic, engineering and economic studies. All local master plan information is carefully reviewed. These studies provide. the facts necessary for the projection and evaluation of various alternate routes which might be considered. Some alternates may be undesirable because they would adversely Cross-state traffic now rolls along on this new section of US 466 freeway in eastern Kern Counfiy, which affect. was opened earlier this year.

November-December 1961 ~ ~

12 12 Highways Highways California California Public Public Works and and

step. cover, cover, X5,000,000 X5,000,000 costs costs a structures. now now nearly nearly bridges bridges and and separation separation

route, route, is is there there another another still still important care care construction construction trees, trees, of of of of ground shrubs shrubs highways highways and and 603 of of and and

After After the the adopts adopts commission commission a Roadside Roadside including including maintenance, maintenance, 1,598 1,598 miles the involved involved of of improvement improvement

the the route route which which highway highway deliberations. cost, cost, each each is is up up work going going year. contracted contracted The The state state

sive sive

studies, studies, is is maintaining maintaining carefully carefully roadside roadside considered considered greenery greenery is is the in fiscal fiscal year.

data data

developed developed A A during during major major the the problem problem comprehen- planting planting in in and the the before before 1, 1, of of six six start start the months months

the the

Highway Highway way way Division, Division, features. along along with with the early early award award contracts contracts as as January as as of of

hearings hearings

held held by by bridges, bridges, the the intersections intersections other other commission commission and and and high- provisions provisions permitting permitting statutory statutory the

All All

information information quently quently presented presented used used at at help help public to to curves, mark mark awarded awarded Budget Budget were were which which under

damage. damage. Trees Trees shrubs shrubs and and fre- are are will will call call from from a a 1961 public public the the $78,098,100 $78,098,100 and and -62 hearing hearing its its own. on on

noise noise and and the the prevention prevention erosion of of advisable, advisable, 1960 the the -61 -61 Highway Highway Budget, $328,080,400 $328,080,400 the the from from Commission

as as the the screening screening of of headlight headlight and glare glare In In consisted consisted some some X406,178,500 X406,178,500 instances, instances, of of of tracts tracts when when appears it it

also also serves serves such such

functional functional purposes

System System The The Highway Highway State State con- tional tional information information and and

proposals.

pearance pearance of of

a a section section freeway, freeway,

of of

agencies. days days to to permit permit submission submission

of of

addi-

and and plants plants

not not improves improves the the only only

ap-

other for for work work emergency emergency and and repair, repair, and and withhold withhold action action at at least least for for

Planring Planring selected selected of of

trees, trees,

shrubs

maintenance, $28,930,500 $28,930,500 for for and and nounce nounce its its intention intention to to adopt adopt route

a a

purposes. tion tion

Secondary Secondary System, Federal Federal Aid Aid the the requested, requested, the the commission commission

will will

an-

serve serve functional functional

both both and and beautifica-

including roads roads county county for for on on work work concerned. concerned. Even Even no no when when

hearing hearing

sion's sion's staff staff architects architects

of of

landscape landscape

$19,307,200 highways, highways, state state tion tion on on hold hold will will a a public public hearing hearing

area in in

the the

projects projects worked worked are are

out out by by the the

divi-

$406,178,500 $406,178,500 construc- made made for for up up of of necessary necessary or or desirable, desirable, commission

the the

Freeway Freeway landscaping landscaping

and and planting

year year during during the the was awarded awarded tracts tracts are are notified notified that that if if considered

it it

is is

dertaken dertaken the the community. in in

$454,416,200 $454,416,200 in in con- of of total total The The In In all all cases, cases, governing governing

local local

agencies

largest largest landscaping landscaping projects projects ever ever

un-

$142,431,387 $142,431,387 year. the the

for for

ation.

freeway freeway planting planting may may be be of of one one

the

amounted amounted to agencies, agencies, other other for for tion tion

then then

takes takes

the the matter matter

under under consider-

and and ground ground plants. plants. cover cover Often Often the

clearance, clearance, overhead, overhead, and and acquisi- land land

The The

Highway Highway

Commission Commission itself

planting planting thousands thousands of of of of shrubs trees, trees,

exclusive exclusive of relocation, relocation, tion tion utility utility and and

Highway Highway

Commission

-up -up built regions regions involves involves usually usually the

acquisi- cost cost -way -way The The of of -of right

Landscaping Landscaping

work work freeways freeways on on in

to to the the commission. year.

to to $5,000,000 $5,000,000

these these

for for projects.

all all alternates alternates studied studied is is also also presented received received previous previous fiscal during during the the

budget budget contained contained has has

$4,000,000 from from

nity nity or or area area benefits. benefits. Information Information $13,934,500, $13,934,500, on been had had bids bids which which

on on

cent cent the the years, years,

annual annual state state

highway

traffic traffic service, service, economy economy and and commu- projects, projects, year year valued valued 13 13

the the for for

projects projects

landscaping landscaping

each each In In year. year. re-

lieves lieves offers offers the the best best combination combination of Contracts Contracts also also

were were

awarded awarded

during

of of a a number number large large of of

planting planting

and

Commission Commission the the route route which which he he be- three three

rejected.

California's California's

freeways freeways are are scene

the the

gineer gineer recommends recommends to to the the Highway close close year, year, the the fiscal fiscal of of after after the the and

Landacnping Landacnping and and Planting investigarion, investigarion, the the State State Highway Highway En- maining maining projects, projects, 18 18 a~varded were were

Upon Upon completion completion this this of of additional projects. projects. jected jected Of Of 18 18 the the 21 21 re- on on appraisals.

study. interest interest best best the the the the of of State State in in re- are are determined determined basis basis on on the the of of expert

sions sions a a reveal. reveal. X440,481,700 X440,481,700 bids bids course course value value and and for for of of additional not "horse- trading" trading" is is permitted permitted and and values

Highways. Highways. for for projects projects were were Often Often 548 548 awarded awarded with with these these a public public discus- value value required required for for property. property. No

hearings hearings conducted conducted projects, projects, contracts 587 587 these these Of Of by by Division Division the the of division's division's policy policy of of paying paying fair fair market

series series of of map map displays, displays, meetings meetings and number number amicable amicable of of construction construction engineering. settlements settlements cluding cluding is is the

jected jected to to intense intense public public review review at at a One One principal principal reason reason $485,414,900 $485,414,900 of of for for value value struction struction in- the the large

These These alternate alternate routes routes are are sub- then then ceedings. with with an an projects projects estimated estimated 587 587 con-

concluded concluded were were Highways Highways tion tion through through opened opened Division Division of of costs, costs, court court bids bids and and pro- nn right,of -way -way cost.

owners. owners. Slightly Slightly more more munity, munity, 1960 fiscal fiscal the the -61 -61 year, year, than than During During the economic economic 2 2 percent influence, influence, construc-

negotiated negotiated settlements settlements of of Contrac} Contrac} traffic traffic with with Data property service, service, effect effect on on the the com-

these, these, Of Of nearly nearly year. year. suitable suitable 98 98 choices choices percent percent from from were

the the standpoint

agencies.

other other

concluded concluded were were what what in in are are the the 1960 -61 -61 considered considered fiscal to to

be be

the the

most

conducted conducted in in

co- often often

operation operation

with

acrions acrions involving involving parcel parcel division division boils boils acquisirions down down the the

possibilities possibilities

highways. highways.

These These

state state programs programs

are

8,305 8,305 of of total total A A Finally;: Finally;: -of right -way -way after after trans-

study study and and

restudy, restudy,

the

forest forest and and lands lands cultural cultural bordering

Right -of -Way -Way

Aequisifion

provide provide

adequate adequate traffic traffic service. provide provide to to signed signed protection protection for for agri-

unsatisfactory unsatisfactory

because because they they would would not separation separation structures. control control hazard hazard fire fire and and programs programs de-

anticipated anticipated benefits. benefits. Still Still others others will will be division division also also type type and and of of The The interchanges interchanges carries carries out out traffic and and weed

would would cost cost too too much much in in relation relation to this this semiarid semiarid design design in in of of factors factors much much such such as as State. the the location

engineering engineering reasons, reasons, or or because because they roadside roadside way. way. landscaping landscaping gives gives This This local local tain tain agencies agencies a a voice throughout

Other Other routes routes will will be be impractical impractical for irrigation irrigation systems systems are are local local adjustments adjustments street street for for the the required required free- to to sus-

recreation recreation facilities. this this for for cialists cialists a a work, work, freeway freeway into into agreement agreement and and forth setting setting extensive

cemeteries, cemeteries, recognized recognized hundreds hundreds of of landmarks, landmarks, landscaping landscaping or body body erning erning the the and and enter must must State State and and uee uee spe-

such such "controls" "controls" Highway Highway The The year. year. as as schools, schools, hospitals, California California Under Under gov- law, law, loyal loyal the the Division Division employs Mature landscaping gives a park-like atmosphere fo many of Cali- fornia's freeways. Plantings also serve functional purposes such as erosion control. The State is spending some $4 to $5 million for new plantings each year. CONSTRUCTION PROGRESS Throughout California, motorists Projects in progress on the Golden The 1962-63 Budget carries alloca- are enjoying constantly improving State and Santa Monica Freeways will tions for initial large-scale projects on travel conditions resulting from the complete the 30-mile "loop bypass" of the San Gabriel River and warden State's high-gear program of highway the gentral district. (See map on drove Freeways and for conversion construction. next page.) This facility, extending from expressway to freeway standards Ribbon-cutting ceremonies for ma- from the Santa Monica-Harbor Free- on sections of the Ventura Freeway jor highway improvements are held way junction to San Fernando, will east of Ventura. Worl~ is now in frequently, and large-scale highway provide an alternate route fora por- progress on the U.S. 101 Freeway construction projects are in progress tion of the traffic now using the over- through Ventura. or pending in nearly every locale. taxed central district freeways and the Widening of heavily traveled sec- In metropolitan areas, work is pro- four-level interchange near the civic tions .of the San Bernardino Freeway ceeding on long-planned freeways to center. continued during the year. The Long provide alternate routes aid relieve The 1962-63 Budget, adopted in Beach Freeway extension between the the overload on those already com- October 1961, contains $28,500,000 San Bernardino and Santa Ana Free- pleted. On major through routes, new for four new projects on the Santa ways was opened to traffic. Construc- freeways are traversing or bypassing Monica Freeway which, along with tion crews are moving ahead with two more cities, while between the cities current construcrion, will complete major projects on the easterly exten- many miles of previously built ex- this route for 14 miles from the sion of the Ventura Freeway to con- pressway are being converted to full Santa Ana. Freeway (East Los Angeles nect with the Golden State Freeway. freeway standards by addition of Interchange) to Sawtelle Boulevard. The long-discussed toll bridge over crossing structures. Improved sections Now completed, under construc- the Main Channel of Los Angeles in rural and scenic regions are being tion or budgeted on the San Diego Harbor between San Pedro and Ter- extended. Freeway are SO miles of eight-lane minal Island is now under construc- Los Angeles Metropolitan Area freeway between Westminster in tion, after successful sale of revenue In the Los Angeles region, a spec- Orange County and the Golden State bonds to help finance the project. tacular series of highway construction Freeway near San Fernando. Sixteen miles of freeway are under projects is concentrated nn the Golden Worlc is in progress on a 4.7-mile construction on the Antelope Valley State, Santa Monica and San Diego extension of the Harbor Freeway Freeway (US 6) east of Solamint, and Freeways. These three interstate free- which will complete freeway devel- work is progressing or budgeted on ways are essential components of the opment on this 22-mile route from the units of the Newport Freeway (Sign planned metropolitan system. four-level interchange to San Pedro. Route S5) in Orange County.

November-December 1961 13

Public Public Works and and Highways Highways California California 14 14

Bay

Francisco Francisco San San and and Division Division of of the the

SAN SAN

DIEGO

TO TO

Mateo, San San 105 105 in in Route Route Highway Highway

on construction construction is is Freeway Freeway under under

to to San San Jose.

San San Francisco from from 49 49 route route for for miles miles

NO BWYPIARDI BWYPIARDI this on on

development development plete plete freeway freeway

N SA SA

com- will will in in County County pass) pass) Clara Clara Santa Santa

.~~

FWY FWY

j By- MONICA MONICA 101 101 (US (US Freeway Freeway

the the Bayshore Bayshore

SANTA

on projects projects completed completed Two Two nearly nearly

•.

Rosa. Santa Santa US US north north on on of of 101 101

under under is is construction ditional ditional freeway freeway

19 19 miles. miles. Ad- of of Novato, Novato, a a to to distance distance

Jan., Jan., 1961 ~

Bridge

mate mate

Golden Golden

from from the the route route

ROUTE ROUTE ADOPTED I I

0 0 0 0 0 0 —o —o

this

on on

development development plete plete freeway freeway

- - - - BUDGETED ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ -o -o •

:.j; FWY

~~ a a -- -- UNDER UNDER CONST. com- Rafael Rafael will will of of 101 101 US US north north San San _.~;F GLENDALE .:i-

-~~ - - -

COMPLETED •;+~' ~~' ~~'

SANTA

projects projects on Two Two freeway freeway budgeted budgeted

LEGEND

~9:I ~'CC~: ~'CC~:

Freeway. shore) shore)

z z i i a z z o o

(Bay- James James Lick Lick the the from from easterly easterly

MILES IN IN SCALE SCALE ea~tension the the including including Francisco, Francisco,

San San

THE THE LOOP

in Freeway Freeway Southern Southern the the on on budgeted budgeted

or under under construction construction are are Projects Projects

Creek. Walnut Walnut and and Danville Danville of of south south I~

between 21 21 Route Route Sign Sign on on struction struction

MONICA SANTA SANTA

con- freeway freeway interstate interstate for for 900,000 900,000 TO

o TENSION TENSION

12,- $~ $~

provides provides

-63 -63 budget budget 1962 The The

gURBANK

~ ~ o o

LLYWOOD LLYWOOD

construction.

Y o o

V V a a

S S NU NU

Bridge Toll Toll Martinez Martinez - Benicia current current

the with with connect connect which which will will County County

Costa Contra Contra in in 24 24 21 21 and and Routes Routes Sign Sign

~ ~ 6TATEN 6TATEN jobs jobs on freeway freeway ~~O budgeted budgeted on on gressing gressing

t pro- also also Work Work is is Oakland. Oakland. of of limit limit

city east east 24 24 the the at at Route Route Sign Sign on on nel nel 0

FERNANDO Tun- o o ~ ~ Caldecott Caldecott the the at at tunnel tunnel -lane -lane two

SAN D D ~ ~ third the the on on continues continues Construction Construction

~ A A ~ ~ Leandro. San San to to Structure Structure

z T T II II

Distribution Bridge Bridge Bay Bay the the from from way way

~ D D

free- continuous continuous miles miles of of provide provide 12 12

T N N

~ ~

50) 50) will (US (US Freeway Freeway MacArthur MacArthur

/PTO /PTO BAKERSFIELD

on on Oakland's budgeted budgeted or or struction struction

con- under under now now projects projects Large Large scale scale

1963. in in early early

of of Imperial region region Hills Hills Sand Sand the the in in bud- newly newly a a and and finished, facility facility year, year, is is this this Street Street opened opened Webster Webster the the

80 job job US US on on freeway freeway -mile -mile seven was A A Baker Baker of of -466 -466 91 east east divided divided ~~vhen highway highway US US on on a a as as operated operated

Solana Solana Beach. and and Mar Mar freeway Del Del of of Interstate Interstate of of will will be vicinity vicinity long long crossings crossings section section A A underwater underwater two two

101 101 the US US in in of of section section outmoded outmoded to to The Indio. Posey Posey Angeles Angeles Tube. Tube. existing existing Los Los the the parallels parallels

freeway freeway the to to downtown construction construction eliminate eliminate from from expressway expressway This This new new way way tube and and Alameda. Alameda. and and land land

of the the funds funds for for start start free- provides provides continuous continuous 125 125 budget budget miles miles of of Oak- complete complete estuary estuary separating separating the the beneath beneath

The The adopted newly newly area. area. will Banning, Banning, metropolitan metropolitan of of Webster Webster east east Tube Street Street project project $17,000,000 $17,000,000 budgeted budgeted the the

the through through freeway freeway a 101 101 and and US US Banning Banning now now to to in in future future is progress progress Beaumont Beaumont project project from from Largest Largest

the is is on on centered centered freeway construction construction completed completed heavy heavy the the recently recently improvements. additional additional plus plus on on

the the current ~~vork, Most Most of of This This Cajon. Cajon. El El Redlands. Redlands. of of the the in in -99 -99 starting starting 70 coming coming through through months be be will will

east and and US San San on on Diego Diego projects projects between between Bay Bay Area, Area, standards standards freeway freeway Francisco Francisco work scale scale and and large large San San the the

to to freeway two on on completed completed nearly nearly progress progress is is in in is is 80 80 construction construction Construction Construction under under throughout now now

Highway US US Diego Diego area, area, unit. In In San San freeway freeway the the highway highway major major are projects projects completed completed Many Many

this this newly a a year.

was was extending extending opened opened stow stow area, area,

Riverside Riverside

the the Bwy Bwy Francisco Francisco San San Region

Bar- bypass bypass at at in freeway freeway 60 60 US US freeway freeway of of The The border. border. section section a a on on way way

Springs. Mountain Mountain Nevada the the to to under is is of of work work east east Baker Baker and and from from traffic, traffic, to to opened opened

80 80 US US freeway freeway near project project another another freeway continuous continuous was was recently of of miles miles 50 50 than than Freeway Freeway Riverside Riverside

-63 -63 budget budget provides provides funds funds for 1962 the the more of of the on on total total a a miles, miles, Bypass Bypass making making 23 23 7.7 Corona Corona tional tional -mile -mile The The

completed completed

was was

County County and recently recently addi- an an provide provide will will project project

geted geted

Areas California California Southern Southern Ofher Ofher Toll Crossings has started the trestle work for the widening of the San Mateo-Hayward Bridge. A 3.3-mile stretch of four-lane expressway was completed on Sign Route 17 north of Santa Cruz, and two budgeted interchange projects will convert Sign Route 1 from expressway to freeway standards south of Santa Cruz.

Central Coast Area Work is continuing on the Santa Maria Bypass on US 101 which will eliminate the only remaining gap in 100 miles of continuous freewav and expressway from Buellton to San Miguel. Completed on this stretch during the year was the new freeway section at Pismo Beach. Nearly completed is 8.5 miles of freeway on LTS 101 west of Santa Bar- bara, and work is under way on the Ward 1~lemorial Highway which will serve the Goleta Campus of the Uni- versity of California. On Sign Route 1 in San Luis Qbispo County, a total of 18 miles of two- A new section of US 99 freeway now under construction at Merced will eliminate along-standing boffle- lane expressway is under construction neck on this route. the present highway (left) passes through business district via a crowded city street.

Glenn County moforisfs are now enjoying use of fhis new causeway across a Sacramento River overflow channel on the Willows-Butte Cify Highway. The causeway will permit year-round operation of this highway, which formerly had to be closed during winter floods.

November-December 1961 15 in projects north of Morro Bay and north of Cayucos, and the' 1962-63 Budget contains an allocation for two- lane expressway at Cambria. Four expressway-to-freeway conversion projects are budgeted on US 101 in this county. Funds are also budgeted for 11 miles of four-lane freeway on US 101 between north of Bradley and south of San Ardo in southern Monterey County. The Greenfield Bypass on US 101 was opened during the year, and construction is under way at Gonzales to complete 46 miles of continuous freeway and expressway from north of ~,. King City to Salinas. .~: San Joaquin Valley Nearly all of US 99 is now developed to freeway or expressway standards between Sacramento and Los Angeles. Four of the remaining gaps will be eliminated by current projects Shown in this aerial photograph is part of a new 7-mile section of interstate freeway on US Highway at Bakersfield, Merced, Modesto and 80 through the Sand Hills of Imperial County. The old highway is shown at right and the All American Canal parallels the freeway in the distance. Lodi. This leaves only the section at

Consfrudion workers are building anew bridge-fill freeway crossing of the Yolo Bypass on US Highway 40 west of Sacramento. the freeway will replace an existing causeway which carries the only remaining section of undivided highway between San Francisco and the state capital.

16 Cal6fornia P-highways and Public VI/orks Turlock for which design and right- of-way acquisition must be completed and funds budgeted. Expressway conversion or freeway construction is also under way, budgeted or recently completed through and near Bakersfield, north of Pixley, north of Tulare, north of Goshen, near Traver, near Kingsburg, south of Fresno, north' of Merced, south of Modesto, and at Stockton. A large scale freeway job is in progress on LTS 466' west of Tehachapi iri' Kern County, extending a 12-mile project opened during the year. Major projects are also under way or budgeted on Sign Route 198 in Visalia and near the Lemoore Naval Air Station, on Sign Route 190 in Porterville, and on the new Interstate Route SW bypassing Tracy on the west.

North State Region Interstate highway construction is resulting in rapid progress in freeway This crossing structure will carry local tragic over the MacArthur Freeway (US 50) which is now under development on US Highway 40. construction in Oakland. Existing expressway is being converted to freeway in the valley, and heavy freeway construction is in progress in the Sierra Nevada. Freeway is under construction east of Vallejo and through Vacaville. Two freeway projects were completed recently between Cordelia and Fairfield. Funds are budgeted for an additional project east of Vacaville. Construction crews are making good progress in building a new bridge-and-fill crossing over the Yolo Bypass east of Davis. This crossing will replace the present four-lane undivided causeway. The 120-mile stretch of US 40 between Sacramento and Nevada continues to be the scene of heavy construction activity. Tluee freeway se- tions remain to be completed on this stretch-5.4 miles now under construction near Emigrant Gap; an adjacent 6.3 miles near Cisco for which funds are budgeted; and the 10-mile section over Donner Summit. A 5-mile stretch Workers are drilling a new two-lane tunnel to supplement the existing four lanes at the Calderntt Tunnel on Sign Route 24 in and east of Oakland. When the new tunnel is completed, traffic flow will west of Baxter was completed in No- be regulated to provide four lanes in one direction during peak periods. vember. Heavy grading and structure work is now in progress in two proj- on a job which will close the last gap and Anderson and from Red Bluff ects on the summit section. in 30 miles of continuous freeway and to south of Cottonwood. Funds are On the north state portion of US expressway in the Sacramento River budgeted for freeway at Cottonwood 99, work has been completed on a Canyon. and for the first unit of the US 99E major Interstate freeway project south Freeway construction is also under freeway through Chico. The 1962-63 of Dunsmuir and work is continuing way on US 99 between Cottonwood budget also carries an allocation for

I~loverr►ber- December 1961 i 7 two-lane expressway construction on Sign Route 20 near Meridian. The South Sacramento Freeway (US 99-50) was opened to traffic in November and a large scale freeway widening was completed on US 40- 99E northeast of the capital city. On US 50 east of Sacramento, freeway construction is under way near Folsom and just west of Placerville, while a freeway section just east of Placerville was completed in Novem- ber. At the higher elevations, ap- proaching Echo Summit, additional passing lanes and turnout areas were constructed.

Foothill and Moun4ain Routes Improvements on highways ap- proaching or crossing the Sierra Nevada and the Cascades have been completed in recent months and additional work is now under construction or budgeted. Work is in progress on major highway improvements on Sign Route 88 Traffic continued to use the old highway while work was in progress on new breeway lanes (right) on d1S Highway 107 west of Santa Barbara. the project is one of a series of recent major improvements east of Peddler Hill, on Sign Route on US 101 through the central coast counties. 49 north on Mariposa, on Sign Route 36 in eastern Tehama County, on Sign Route 89 between Mt. Shasta and McCloud, and on the Etna-Yreka Highway southwest of Yreka. Projects have been completed recently on Sign Route 4 between Angels Camp and Murphys on Sign Route 16 southwest of Plymouth, and on US 40 Alter- nate in Plumas County. Two freeway projects. are under construction on US 40 Alternate near Oroville. The relocation of US 299 around Shasta County's Whiskey- to~~n Dam and Reservoir is nearly completed. Construction crews have made considerable progress on the relocation of US 395 on Conway Grade in Mono County. The 1962-63 budget provides funds for t~~o-lane expressway construction on Sign Route 88-89 in Alpine County; Sign Route 88 in Amador County; Sign Route 1Q8 in Tuolumne County; US 3y5 in Lassen and Modoc Coun- ties;. US 299 in Lassen and Modoc Counties, and US 299 in Trinity County. Large scale two-lane highway improvements are slated on Sign Routes 49 and 132 in Mariposa County Looking north along the future US 99 freeway route (left) and the present highway near Wheeler Ridge and on Sign Route 49 in Calaveras in Kern County. This new freeway section will be a part of a bypass freeway now under construction in and north of Bakersfield. County.

18 California Highways and Public Works North Coast Region The Collier Tunnel and approaches are under construction on U. S. High- way 199 at Hazelview Summit just south of the Oregon border. The second unit of the Redwood Parks Freeway on US 101 near Myers Flat, Humboldt County, has been opened, and construction is under way on an additional section to the south. The 1962-63 budget provides funds for further freeway construction to complete 22 miles of four-lane freeway in the Redwood Parks area. Freeway sections are also under construction on US 101 south of Eu- reka and at Fortuna. Work has been completed on the parallel bridge over the Eel River south of Scotia. In 1Vlendocino County, traffic is now using a new section of freeway on US 101 about 15 miles north of Willits, and work is continuing or budgeted on freeway units in the vicinity of Ukiah. Two-lane expressway construction was completed recently A traffic bottleneck on US 91 at Corona was eliminated during the year with the completion of this on State Sign Route 53 in Lake new section of the Riverside Freeway. County. Summary Major freeway projects and other large scale improvements must share the highway construction spotlight with the hundreds of smaller projects completed each year. Though Iess costly and spectacular than the heavy freeway construction, these minor projects often result in dramatic relief from traffic congestion and sharp reductions in accident and injury rates.. Motorists are quick to notice and appreciate the travel benefits growing out of the straightening of a curve, the widening of a narrow section of pavement, or the installation of traffic signals at a busy intersection. But the major emphasis in the high- ~vay program continues to belong on the freeways. Freeways are designed to incorporate into a single, permanent facility all the devices and design features that have yet been devised to make motor vehicle travel safer, smoother-flowing and more expedi- tious. The freeways in operation have Work is progressing on the relocation of US Highway 40 to provide an interstate freeway over Donner proved their worth, and those now Summit and past Donner Lake. the new freeway will replace the present Twisting highway at right. As under construction or being planned shown in the photo, part of the summit freeway will be a "split level" design with roadways separated by a stand of frees. will do their job even better.

November-December 1961 19 FREEWAYS Modern #ull freeways carry more traffic in greater safety than any other type of highway. Accident and fatality rates on freeways are much lower than on conventional highways. Freeways are also more efficient. A freeway lane has three times the capacity of a normal city street lane because access is controlled and cross traffic is eliminated by traffic separation bridges. California has more than 900 miles of full freeway in operation, with another 400 miles under construction.

ABOVE—San Bernardino Freeway near Covina. RIGHT—U.S. Highway 707 at Chualar. BELOW—Hollywood Freeway in Los Angeles. tomatically controlled on grading and paving machines, while profile grade control is maintained by following established guide wires, or by means of

era ions • long skids or sleds which ride the grade and control the spread of ma- • The construction, maintenance, equipment and terial. departments are admin- Additional profilograph units have materials and research been made available to the districts for istered under the direction of the Assistant their use in checking the smoothness State Highway Engineer—Operations of finished pavement. The combination of more efficient automatic equipment for building the CONSTRUCTION structural elements of the roadway, plus more effective means of inspect- federal Representatives of the Portland Ce- The availability of increased ing and verifying the finished prod- resulted in a ment Association co-operated with and state highway funds uct, has resulted in better highways volume of con- the department in putting on this sharp upturn in the for the taxpayers. struction under way during the past program. fiscal year. For the first time contracts Honor Camp Projects Construction Practice under way, excluding bridge, day the year, the Division of With more projects being paved by During labor and runor contracts, totaled and the Department of means of the slip-form paver, the Highways over four hundred million dollars. continued the joint oper- added experience gained in this method Corrections ation of Honor Camp No. 37 at Cedar Special Projects of laying portland cement concrete During the year, the Construction pavement has resulted in improve- Department culminated a program ments in the equipment and opera- re- rions. An increasing number of projects are being paved which started three years ago to by means of the slip-form paver, a comparatively vamp the system of keeping the The trend to more and more auto- new device which eliminates time-consuming side records and accounting on highway matic operation on road building ma- form construction. Here the giant machine is shown in operation on the new US 99-50 Freeway contracts. Training° programs were machines continues. Crossfall is au- south of Sacramento. conducted in all districts and most districts were using the new system by May 1961. Effective July 1, 1961, the new system officially became the approved method of recordinb-keeping and accounting on all contracts let after that date. The construction departments in the districts are delegated the responsibility for assuring that contracts are built in conformance to the specifications. Aprogram in which Headquar- ters Construction reviews the record tests, project control tests and specifications and recommends the finished product to the Stare Highway Engi- neer for his certification to the Bureau of Public Roads was instituted, although this amounted to no more than a formalization of existing procedures. A study of tolerances which are practicable, both from the standpoint of design and construction operations, was started during the past fiscal year. This study is closely related to the testing and certification procedure outlined above. Concrete construction was the subject of a series of training sessions.

Highways Highways Works Public Public and and California California 22 22

of obligation obligation of of a a In- fund fund shoulders. shoulders. maintenance maintenance miles miles and and 1,018 1,018 way way under- crews crews maintenance maintenance Highways Highways

of required Division Division traveled of of the the by by year, year, Department, Department, the the Bridge Bridge miles miles Throughout Throughout of of toration toration 1,175 1,175

recommended

state state on on as as res- the the for for highways, highways, was was obligation) obligation) or or cost cost Maintenance BrSdge BrSdge Repair, Repair, Pavement Pavement

bridges of of The The painting painting field and and (direct (direct repair repair amount, amount, this this $1,584,700 $1,584,700

mild. were were ditions ditions

generally generally

Of allotments. allotments.

fund fund specific specific under under

funds.

construction construction

from from

nanced nanced con- snow snow winter winter but but fires, fires, forest forest and and

fi- are are

program program yearly yearly

cities, in in $5,000,000 $5,000,000 shoulders, shoulders, work work including including floods, flash flash by by landslides, landslides, casioned casioned

this this for for

Contracts Contracts

on. on. approximately and repair repair the the way way of of for for traveled traveled oc- emergencies emergencies were were there there numerous numerous

carried was was

program," program,"

blanket blanket "thin "thin During During 1960 it it $1,864,822 -61, -61, cost cost year Last Last times times emergency. emergency. of of ing ing

the

sometimes sometimes

called called program, program, coat coat measure. possible possible dur- when when open open roads roads the the ing ing

seal

and and

The The resurfacing resurfacing annual annual of of safety a a as as ment ment devices devices protective protective keep- for for and and serviceable serviceable in in condition condition

basis. day day traffic traffic place- the the careful careful control control and and highways California's California's maintaining maintaining for for

-today a a by by on on crews crews heavily heavily requires maintenance maintenance on on highways highways traveled traveled responsible are are crews crews Maintenance Maintenance

repair repair patching patching undertaken work work or or Work pressed pressed and and pavement. pavement. distorted distorted in in 735 735 -61. 1960

routine include include de- not not the the of of do do grade grade totals totals to to mileage mileage restoration restoration and and $37,742,- was was Ferry, Ferry, Martinez Martinez - Benicia

the the areas broken broken roadway. roadway. and of of of of cost cost miles miles These These signment, signment, repair repair the of of repair repair upkeep upkeep and and cluding cluding

routine routine as- required, required, as as 161 a a as as (screening (screening on on and, and, coat coat contract) contract) tion tion in- highways highways state state on on work work tenance tenance

surface surface seal is is restora- total total this this in in for for road road eluded eluded emergency emergency take take $280,122 $280,122 main- all all for for expenditure expenditure total total The The

IOAAINTENANCE

S. S. U. U. on on work work for for inmates inmates 60 60 camp camp 299. some some this this at at year, year, Highway Highway the the of of stationed stationed end end were were

Summit. Ellis Ellis Lord Lord the the near near camp camp

the is is At At here here Pictured Pictured remote remote Humboldt Humboldt in in three three 42 42 the the Camp Camp during during County. County. locations locations year. year. fiscal fiscal at at

at and and 42 42 Camp Camp Creek Creek Clear Clear the the at at

61 61

road road operated operated the the Camps and and Honor Honor Highways Highways Corrections Corrections of of building building of of Division Division The The Department Department jointly jointly

Camp, Springs Springs Cedar Cedar the the at at 74 74 inmates inmates

tivere there there year year of of end end the the the the At At

portions. other other on on ceeding ceeding

pro- 0.7 0.7 was was and and mile, mile, clearing clearing other other

an- on on progress progress in in were were work work zation zation

stabili- and and grading grading grade; grade; to to brought brought

been have have miles miles proposed, proposed, 4.1 4.1 miles miles

of of 23 total total the the Of Of Summit. Summit. Berry Berry

Lake Lake and Bhie Bhie 299 299 Highway Highway between between

S. U. U. on on work work continued continued Camp Camp 42 42

Happy Happy of of Camp. east east mile mile

of of a tenths tenths - two to to extending extending section section

quarter quarter next next mile - three the the on on started started

was was also Construction Construction Camp. Camp. Happy Happy

of west west mile mile one and and Ranch Ranch -half -half

stretch stretch Wright between between -mile -mile two

the on on and and Creek, Creek, Clear Clear and and Creek Creek

Swillup between between Highway Highway River River ath ath

Klam- the the of of portion portion -mile -mile nine the the

on construction construction Camp Camp 41 41 continued continued

facilities.

the the and and camp demolishing demolishing for for tract tract

con- by by project project the the paving paving for for readied readied

being by by were were Plans Plans of of fall fall late late 1961. 1961.

completed to to was was camp camp this this been been have have

proposed proposed grade. grade. for finish finish to to work work All All

length this this of of miles miles three three proximately proximately

brought brought and and ap- Highway Highway had had Crest Crest

6.5 6.5 Angeles the the on on roadway roadway of of miles miles

the the graded graded - rough had had 37 37 last forces forces

of of Camp year, year, fiscal fiscal the the end end the the By By

County. Humboldt Humboldt in in Summit Summit

F,llis Lord Lord No. No. Camp Camp 42 42 near near and and

Siskiyou Siskiyou in in River River County; Klamath Klamath

on on Camp Camp Happy Happy near near the 41 41 No. No.

Los Los Camp Springs, Springs, County; County; Angeles Angeles $692,262. Of this total, $310,426 was for work under contract and $381,836 for work by state and city forces.

Ferry Operation, Maintenance in Cities, and Roadside Cleanup The Division of Highways continued to operate the Benicia-Martinez Ferry across the Carquinez Strait, and during the year it carried 123,812 vehicles and 158,378 passengers. The ferry was out of service for five hours in October during the annual Coast Guard inspection, and for three days in November and one day in May for inspection and repairs. A motor launch was rented to haul foot passengers at these times. State law authorizes contracts with cities or counties covering construction, or maintenance on state highways. Under this authority, certain features of maintenance work are delegated to cities. The direct field cost for maintenance of state highways in cities was $9,160,330 for the year, including $7,569,930 for work by state forces and $1,590,400 for work by city personnel. Publicity campaigns by public serv- Although signs warn that it is against the law, "litterbugging" continues to be a serious problem. ice organizations and others, the dis- Roadside cleanup, including removal of litter such as that pictured here, costs about $1,600,000 a year. tribution of litter bags at service stations, and laws prohibiting the dis- Chemical sprays are used to control incandescent lamps used in illuminated posal of rubbish on highways have weeds'during the first few years after signs, and a 15.7 percent gain in mer- aided in controlling the roadside litter planting. Selected fertilizers must be cury and sodium vapor lamps, incan- problem. Despite increased public applied to help in the establishment of descent lamps and fluorescent tubes awareness, roadside cleanup continues new plants and to maintain the health for highv~ay lighting, exclusive of as a costly maintenance item. In of mature ground cover, trees and tunnel lights. There were 4,509 tubes 1960-61 it cost $1,638,979 for removal shrubs. and incandescent lamps maintained in of roadside litter and street sweeping. Roadside plantings in some areas of tunnels. Overall, the State maintains the state have suffered as the result of 32,461 lighting tubes and lamps on Roadside Vegetatoon, Tree Care and several years' drought. Many acres of state highways. Landscapeng coastal ice plant were lost last year, Seventy-two traffic-actuated Additional mowers were put into signal and water tankers were pressed into controllers were added to those use during the year, enabling mainte- main- action in an effort to save as much of tained, making the new total 1,330. nance workers to mow roadside vege- this ground cover as possible: Many tation at more frequent intervals and mature trees and oleander shrubs, Highway Signs and Pavement Marking to cover greater area. Large brush which had been self-sufficient previ- To conform with Interstate mowers and chemical sprays are used High- ously, required supplemental water- way markings, arrangements to control roadside brush in coastal were ing. In Southern California it was made during the year and mountain regions. Noxious weed to re-stripe with necessary to remove hundreds of eu- yellow paint at specified elimination in most cases was handled locations such calyptus trees that died as the result of as no-passing by county agricultural departments zones and along the dou- the lower water table. ble center line on under service contracts. At appropri- multilane pavement. A total of $1,353,525 was ate locations, clear roadside strips Lighting, Signals, Electric Devices spent for traffic striping and pavement were maintained as a fire prevention The number of high~~ay lighting, marking by state forces. and control measure. traffic signal, and electrical devices The care of landscaping and func- maintained on state highways contin- Study of the use of thermoplastic tional planting along the state high- ues to increase. material for pavement marking con- ways and freeways is a bigger job There was a 13 percent increase in tinued. An experimental project was every year. the number of fluorescent tubes and undertaken in which thermoplastic

November-December 1961 23 material was used to stencil a word painted, 112,933; signs relocated or re- Communications message on the pavement. built, 13,934; signs removed, 6,826. Further improvements were made in Sign maintenance crews engaged in During the year, repair and upkeep the VHF mobile radio system in Dis- these work items during the year: of state highway signs cost $646,884. tricts I (Eureka), III (Redding), VI New installations, 14,961; replace- This does not include the cost of work (Fresno), IX (Bishop), and X (Stock- ments, 10,691; signs washed and performed by cities or the cost of ton), providing better coverage in cleaned, 55,785; signs repaired and electricity. these areas. The microwave radio system from Marysville to Truckee was completed except for one station. Work started on additional microwave facilities between Redding and Eureka and between Los Angeles and San Diego. At the end of the year, the Division of Highways was operating 180 radio stations, 35 microwave stations, 85 hand-carry units, and 1,100 mobile radio units. Private line teletypewriter equipment was replaced by a more modern system to provide greater flexibility, and to overcome technical problems. The system now consists of 20 stations connecting Sacramento offices with the 11 district offices. During the winter months, special teletypewriter re- ceivers are connected to this circuit to provide late road and weather information to news media, automobile clubs, trucking concerns, and other subscribing agencies.

Ou4door Advertising, Traoesportation, and Encroachment Permi4s Increases in fees authorized by the Maintenance crew is shown patching pavement on U. S. Highway 99E near Chico. Work of this type is part of the day-to-day routine for highway maintenance workers throughout the State. 1959 Legislature permitted operations

24 California Highways and Publec Works and enforcement activities of the Out- built at nine stations. Preliminary briel Canyon Road (Sign Route 39) door Advertising Section to be re- work, site selection or land acquisition for 10 days, and the Angeles Crest stored to an appropriate level, and work was undertaken for eight new Highway (Sign Route 2) for 28 accounted for a substantial gain in maintenance stations. hours. gross receipts. In 1960-61 there were Expenditures for maintenance sta- Afire on Donner Ridge August 21 838 licensed advertising operators as tions and radio system structures to- caused the closing of U.S. Highway compared to 843 the previous year. taled $3,206,950, of which $250,490 40 for six hours near Donner Summit Permits were issued for 1,115 signs and was for land acquisition, $2,801,350 and of Sign Route 89 for 30 hours 35,126 structures, an increase from the for improvements (does not include between Truckee and Sierraville. 989 sign permits and 30,978 structure architecture funds), and $155,110 for The San Gabriel Canyon Road was permits issued for 1959-60. Gross re- repair and replacement. also closed due to fire for two days in ceipts for 1960-61 were $127,104, a June. Fires in June also temporarily gain from $109,180 in 1959-60. Road Closures halted traffic on the Mint Canyon Forest fires in the summer and fall Highway (U.S. 6) and the Camp Some 30 percent fewer transporta- of 1960 forced closing of the San Ga- Angeles Highway (Sign Route 38) . tion permits were issued as a result of the first full year of operation under the new annual permit procedure for oversize trailer coaches. Formerly, ~' permits were required for each trip. ~ ~'~ There was also increased use of blanket permits for construction equipment. The number of encroachment permits declined slightly from the previous year. In 1960-61, 70,306 transportation permits and 13,1 S 1 encroachment permits were issued. The previous year's figures were 92,156 and 13,415. Truck Scales Work started on two new truck scale yards as part of freeway construction on U.S. Highway 40 between Cordelia and Fairfield. The yard area at these locations will be sufficient for Highway Patrol brake and registration inspections. Plans wire completed by the Divi- sion of Architecture for a similar scale yard and brake station on U.S. 60-70-99 east of Banning.

Maintenance Stations Contracts were awarded for the final phases of construction by the Division of Architecture for the Whitmore and Kingvale Maintenance Stations on U.S. Highway 40 in the Sierra. These yards were expected to be ready for the 1960-61 snow removal operations. Maintenance station buildings were also being built at Lee Vining for snow removal on U.S. 395. Contracts were let for new maintenance station facilities at nine locations in northern California and at six e ~~ places in southern California. New ~, "- ~ '~ offices, employee cottages, equipment lit.- F .,rrwc ~ .~ ~K ~~'° garages or other facilities were A bulldozer cufs a channel through a slide which blocked Long Valley Creek and caused flooding on being U.S. Highway 101 in Mendocino County. (See picture on page 26.)

Noveanber-December 196 i 25 This section of U. S. Highway 101 north of Willits was flooded when a slide blocked Long Valley Creek, causing water to back up. A channel was later cut through the slide fo lower the water and permit reopening of the road.

A cloudburst north of Sonora Junc- (U.S. 101) about 15 miles north of intermittent closing of the road for tion caused U.S. 395 to be closed for Willits. A 500,000-cubic-yard slide on 55 hours during storm periods in 12 hours in July. Desert flash floods Long Valley Creek, adjacent to the March. A construction contract was during September resulted in numer- highway, blocked the creek and let in the summer to install a 19-foot ous short road closures in southern caused water to back up and flood the diameter culvert at the base of the California on U.S. 66 east of Ludlow, roadway. The road was closed for 45 slide near the grade of the original Valley Wells, and. Sign hours, with water over the highway U.S. 91 near channel. Route 195 east of Mecca. to a maximum depth of 11 feet. Loss by fire of a timber bridge at A channel was cut through the Slides and Storm Damages Segal Wash, 17 miles east of Desert upper portion of the slide under diffi- Slides developed on a number of Center, closed U.S. 6Q-70 for two days cult and hazardous conditions. This mountain highways during severe A truck accident in lowered the water level sufficiently to in December. storms early in November. The prin- April started a fire which destroyed a permit the opening of the road to con- cipal affected were the San timber bridge on U.S. 66 east of trolled traffic. routes Amboy. In both cases detours were Later, as a temporary measure, a Gabriel Canyon Road and the Ange- available. 72-inch pipe was placed in the relief les Crest Highway in Southern Cali- An unusual condition developed in channel.. Stream flow exceeding the fornia, and the Feather River High- February on the Redwood Highway capacity of this temporary pipe caused way (U.S. 40 Alternate) and the

26 California Highways and Public Works Smith River Highway (U.S. 199) in Snow Removal November storms. The snowfall at the north state. Although snow fell at the higher Donner Summit in November was 72 With the exception of the north elevations in October, causing some inches. By the end of that month, the coast, rainfall during the rest of the temporary road closures, the major snow pack was 34 inches. Subsequent winter was below normal, and there snow clearing on mountain highways storms, however, added little to the were few interruptions to trafFic. was not started until the intense pack. At the end of December it measured 10 inches, and it was only 13 inches two months later. The total snowfall in the Donner CLOSING-OPENING DATES Summit area for the year was 309 The closing and opening dates on mountain roads from which snow is not inches, and a maximum pack of 64 regularly removed during the winter: inches was measured March 28. By Closing Opening contrast, the amounts for the 1951-52 Route Name Date Date season were 793 inches and 314 inches, SR 89 Lassen Park ______.______November 11 June 3 respectively. This comparison illus- SR 89 Luther Pass ------trates the range of the snow removal SR 88 Carson Pass ------.November 12 May 4 work load. SR 4 Ebbetts Pass ____—______..__.November ll May 3 Pavement sanding operations next SR 108 Sonora Pass ______November 3 May 12 t winter will be aided by the addition SR 120 Tioga Pass ______—______.November 11 April 26 t of new sand houses SR 89 Monitor Pass ______.____.December 2 April 14 constructed at SR 89 Emerald Bay Section______.November 26 February 7" strategic locations, either in conjunc- SR 120 Big Oak Flat______—______November 11 April 24 t tion with major highway projects or '~ Temporarily closed two days in February, an3 eight days in March. as supplemental maintenance station t First openings of Sonora Pass, Tioga Pass, and Big Oak Flat were on April 27, April 21, and April 8, facilities. The larger sand storage xespecrively. Subsequent storms closed these roads intermittently with final openings as shown. structures will handle about 1,275 cubic yards.

MATERIALS AND RESEARCH DEPARTME~9T

The work of the Materials and Re- reau of Public Roads regulations for Foundafiop SecTion search Department may be grouped projects involving federal aid funds. The extent of major highway con- under these general categories: The same post audit testing is also struction in mountain areas:. has in- Standard methods of inspecting, performed on projects financed en- creased the investigative workload of sampling, testing and reporting on tirely from state funds. the foundation section. In the wetter materials furnished for highway con- areas, elaborate and extensive subsur- Administration struction; special investigations; re- and Services face drainage systems often have been search aimed at developing new tests, The administration and services sec- found essential to the construction of new techniques and new materials; tion handles such activities as the stable roadways. Efforts have been training and providing information to general operation and supervision of continued in the search for practical other engineers. the physical facilities of the labQra- and economical standards for filter The headquarters laboratory in Sac- tory and includes such functions as materials. ramento carries on both materials accounting, purchasing, photography, New standards for "permeable ma- testing and research work. Its three drafting, reproduction, the design and terials" were set up during' the year. branches in Berkeley, Los Angeles, fabrication of new testing equipment, As in past years, the section has been and Bakersfield are mainly concerned the preparation and revising of special called upon by the districts for advice with inspection and testing of manu- reports and specifications, and the rein the design of large cuts and fills and factured products used in highway viewing of materials and preliminary in the correcrion of slides. construction. The laboratories in the reports submitted by the districts. Ap- Primarily because of the audit test- 11 highway districts perform most of proximately 1,100 such reports Mere ing program initiated by the $ureau the soils and aggregates tests, both in reviewed. of Public Roads in May 1960, the the preliminary and construction During the past fiscal year, tours number of samples processed and phases of projects. and training courses were arranged tested by the aggregates unit was At headquarters laboratory, the for 76 visitors, 26 of them engineers more than twice the number recorded work of the department is carried on for the previous fiscal year. Of the from foreign countries. Eighty-one by four operating sections and an ad- approximately 5,000 samples received, Division of Highways engineers ministration and services section. at- 48 percent were for construction The materials and research depart- tended the materials and research audit. ment has responsibility for the post training course, "Procedures, Testing Two types of aggregate sputters audit testing of materials on construc- Methods and Use of Materials for were developed during the year. tion projects as required by U.S. Bu- Highway Purposes." Extensive research studies have con-

November-December 1961 27 Blasting in connection with a geological investigation using a refraction seismograph.

2$ California Highways and Public Works A Materials and Research Department crew lakes a sample of pavement base and subbase on a new section of highway. The sample will be checked to make sure that specifications have been met. This auditing of materials and construction assures high quality work on state highway projects.

tinued to find a test method to de- The explorations unit made over eludes a number of swamp founda- termine the relative resistance of var- 9,800 lineal feet of borings on 21 dif- tions (some were so bad that other ious mineral aggregates to harmful ferent jobs. The list of projects in- locations had to be found), building degradation. Fabrication of a rod-mill type soil pulverizer was completed. The settlement devices developed several years ago to disclose the settlement of the native ground beneath embankments, and in some instances the compression within the embankment, are being installed in ever increasing numbers. Some 150 installations were completed during 1950 as compared to 50 units for the preceding year. During the year, other construction control devices installed under fills on marsh lands and other weak or com- pressible foundations included piezom- eters, ground movement tubes, and heave stakes. While the findings to date have not been entirely conclusive, studies of the nuclear method for determining moisture and density of the com- pacted fills have been made in an effort to speed construction control testing. A program of statewide field surveys to observe new construction machinery and methods was initiated. This "simulated traffic polisher" is operated in the laboratory to test various seal coat surfaces.

November-December 1961 24 highways, based on deflection data obtained, were given the districts for 13 of these projects. The engineering audit of materials and construction probram cover 1,550 lane-miles on 140 projects during the year. Thickness measurements of the layers composing the structural section were made and physical tests were performed on the samples obtained. These tests determine whether the materials used in construction complied with project specifications. Approximately 2,713 routine tests were performed on bituminous paving mixtures in connection with cooperative check testing with the district laboratories, field investigations, research work and the B.P.R. Audit Program, which alone accounted for some 600 routine acceptance tests. Testing of aggregate bases, cement treated bases, aggregate subbase and imported borrow has also increased. A total of about 2,200 samples were tested. 'Anew test is being developed for the identification and measurement of expansive properties of soils proposed for use under portland cement concrete pavements. Field and laboratory studies on paving asphalts have been continued. Spe- cial equipment has been developed for measuring wear and polish of seal coat screenings. Studies are continuing on the skid resistance of various types of pavement surfaces.

Structural Materials Section fiscal year, inspectors of Exposure racks are used to test durability of signs and .sign materials under the state's varying climatic During the conditions. the structural materials section inspected and released considerable quantities of fabricated and manufac- tured materials, including the follow- foundations, and damaging slides such nine geologic, six seismic and one re- ing: concrete pipe, 1,361,593 lineal as those at Crystal Springs and Towle sistivity survey. feet; miscellaneous iron and steel, 11,- on U.S. Highway 40. Pavement Section 169,088 pounds; corrugated metal The.. soils mechanics unit prepared The pavement section does routine pipe, 723,558 lineal feet; structural or assisted in the preparation of,.2~ testing, and research work with as- steel, 62,589,165 pounds; and reinforc- foundation investigation reports. i~'ine phalts, asphalt paving mixtures, base ing steel, 227,316,883 pounds. other investigations were in progress and subbase materials, and conducts Approximately 1,900 tests were per- at the end of the fiscal year. During special field investigations. formed on such diverse materials as the year, more than 500 consolidation, Deflection measuring crews, using structural steel, reflective sheeting, 1,900 unconfined compression and 760 special equipment, evaluated 35 proj- roofing insulation, ceramic tile, lumi- traxial shear tests were performed as ects involving 125 miles of pavement naires and ballasts, rubber gloves, and part of the testing of nearly 4,000 during the year for the purpose of corrugated plastic headlight glare samples. determining the supporting capacity sheets. During the year, the geology unit of the existing roadway. Recommen- The physical testing laboratory, in completed 16 field jobs, consisting of dations for improvement of existing addition to testing numerous samples

30 California Highways and Public Works of construction materials, continued shoulder strips (proposed as a means taken to determine relative effects of studies and observations of fabrication of alerting motorists who might drift freeway elevation on the noise trans- procedures for prestressed concrete off the highway) on vehicles. mitted to the vicinity; and, in co-op- structures. This unit also continued The electrical laboratory expanded eration with the Highway Patrol, to tests of elastomeric bearing pads; be- compliance testing of electrical items; attempt to evaluate and measure muf- gan aseries of tests to determine the performed field tests to evaluate vari- fler noise emanating from heavy bond of seven-wire prestressing strand ous types of traffic counter devices; trucks. Assembly was begun on a to concrete and cement grout; and in- conducted service life tests of mer- comprehensive reference summary, in vestigated bonding of concrete slabs cury vapor lamps; tested reflective report form, of pertinent information to steel beams by use of epoxy adhe- materials for signs and luminaires; de- on acoustical data applicable to high- sives in lieu of shear keys. termined tristimulus values for sign ways. The welding laboratory investi- colors; and provided instrumentation Technical Section gated the use of ultrasonic methods for determining vehicle response to The concrete unit has neaxly com- to detect imperfections in fillet welds; various types of pavements. pleted a one-year study dealing inspected welding on various com- The corrosion laboratory assisted with the relationship between drying pleted bridges to obtain information the districts in putting into use a new shrinkage of laboratory test specimens that might be useful in the future; in- test procedure for estimating the ef- and shrinkage of full-size beam sec- vestigated fatigue and mechanical fect of the environment on culvert tions in an outdoor exposure. No in- properties of weld metal; tested new life. Surveys were conducted to deter- formation of this type was known to high strength alloy steels; and studied mine necessary measures to correct be available. As a result of these tests, the effect on concrete of the eccen- pipeline corrosion. Test sites were much of the "guesswork" and con- tricity associated with lap-welded re- selected and installation procedures jecture should be eliminated from ap- inforcing steel. recommended for a field test program praisals of concrete performance The commodity test group contin- to compare corrosion and abrasion re- relative to volume changes due to ued to analyze data from field instal- sistance of corrugated aluminum cul- drying. lations of median barriers for applica- vert pipe and corrugated culvert pipe Since the inauguration of an aggre- tion to design and specifications. A made of galvanized steel. gate evaluation program late in 1959, new series of dynamic crash tests was The electronics and wave, propaga- a total of 30 commercial aggregate initiated near the end of the year to tion laboratory made acoustical sur- sources have been tested for strength- supplement and check field data. veys of noise problems in various state producing properties. The purpose Tests and investigations of signs and buildings, and performed similar sur- has been to upgrade concrete made sign materials were continued and veys at several locations adjacent to with aggregates which were found to tests were also performed to deter- freeways. A factfinding study of be substandard by increasing the ce- mine the effects of scored concrete freeway noise problems was under- ment factor. An increased cement fac-

A new series of crash tests is being conducted to obtain supplemental data on median barriers. Here aradio-controlled car crashes into a barrier at a speed of 80 miles an hour.

November-December 1961 31

Highways Highways Works Ca6ifornia Ca6ifornia and and Public Public 32 32

the the of of were were equipment. repairs repairs such such of of emergency an an disposal disposal of of eventual eventual main- for for primarily primarily used used is is equipment equipment

Some cost cost and repair repair purchase, purchase, the the for for $3,790,000. $3,790,000. sponsible sponsible approximately approximately construction The The units. units. construction construction

repairs In In re- is is the the Department Department 3,173 equipment equipment Equipment Equipment The The past past year, year, and and trucks, trucks, heavy heavy to to sedans sedans from from

mers. paired. ranging units units automotive automotive 5,766 5,766 cludes cludes

jackham- items items smaller smaller as as well well as as such such ways ways 8,939 8,939 rein- and and This This units. units. of of serviced serviced is is equipment equipment consisting consisting fleet fleet

as graders, graders, shovels shovels and and loaders, loaders, motor motor State State the the High- of of equipment Division Division large large a a which which at at requires requires highways highways

large tenance tenance includes includes and and purposes purposes There There throughout are are state shops shops California's California's of of major major 12 12 operation operation The The

EQUIPMENT EQUIPMENT DEPARTMENT

a a shows shows photograph photograph stabilometer stabilometer 1 1 District District the the tesf tesf Eureka. in in soil soil in in laboratory laboratory 554 554 sites. materials materials plored plored

31,000 31,000

laboratories laboratories during during on on District District samples samples tests tests This soil soil performed performed fiscal fiscal the the

approximately approximately

year. year.

ex- and and samples samples ings, ings, 31,300 31,300 tested tested

bor- 9,500 9,500 approximately approximately made made tories tories

labora- district district the the fiscal fiscal past past year, year,

the during during work work their their out out carrying carrying

In structure. structure. pavement pavement the the in in quired quired

re- materials materials the the of of layers layers of of thickness thickness

recommending of of responsibility responsibility tional tional

addi- the the has has department department materials materials the the

districts, In In specifications. specifications. job job some some

the with with materials materials produced produced tractor-

con- to to of of tests tests compliance compliance determine determine

control perform perform and and systems, systems, drainage drainage

recommend recommend designs, designs, foundation slope slope

alignment, alignment, fill highway highway determine determine

the along along fills fills in in used used and and excavated excavated

be the the of of character character the the to to soils soils mine mine

deter- sites, sites, materials materials develop develop to to are are

laboratories district district these these of of functions functions

principal tricts tricts The The laboratory. laboratory. a a has has

highway highway 11 11 State's State's the the dis- Each Each of of

producers.

the purchased purchased from from items items directly directly

and and other forcing forcing fencing fencing bars, bars, many many

fabricated fabricated rein- steel steel bers, bers, products, products,

prestressed prestressed mem- concrete concrete pipe, pipe, metal metal

are are asphalt, asphalt, released released corrugated and and

the the of of inspected Some Some commodities commodities

are are materials materials performed. specification specification

has has type type required the the of of tures tures with organic organic operation operation co- in in conducted conducted also also necessary necessary tests tests insure to to those those Only Only

admix- concrete concrete of of The The markers. markers. were use use programs programs test test Extensive Extensive agents. agents. of of point point the the at at leased leased manufacture.

pavement reflective reflective experimental experimental of of entraining - air and and sands, sands, concrete concrete are are re- materials materials and and where where inspected inspected

the the installation for for developed developed also also compounds, concrete concrete field, field, curing curing laboratories inspection inspection are are primarily primarily

adhesives adhesives were epoxy epoxy of of lations lations the from from cylinders cylinders concrete concrete cement, cement, Angeles Angeles and and Bakersfield Los Los ley, ley,

1960 Formu- -61. -61. during during paints paints bridge bridge routine routine of of on tests tests a a number number record record laboratories laboratories branch branch The The in in Berke-

traffic traffic

and paints paints on on research research extensive extensive The The performed subsection subsection cement cement

District District and and

Laboratories

Branch Branch

did testing, testing, chemical chemical routine routine to to tion tion pavement. new new of of smoothness smoothness

rubbers rubbers synthetic synthetic in in plastics. subsection, subsection, sistant sistant and and chemical chemical addi- The The with with connection connection used used controlling in in

of of testing testing the the ozone ozone chased chased re- for for being currently currently are are prepared. and and districts districts

ozone ozone of of concentrations concentrations pur- was was to to have have were were the requirements requirements profilographs profilographs been distributed distributed specification specification

will will which which give give controlled strument strument the the to to propelled that has has stage stage ment ment performance. performance. - base base advanced advanced Hand

plastics plastics and and materials materials paints. paints. in in in- An An pavement pavement portland portland of of and characteristics characteristics ce- of of change change study study continuing continuing a a

determination determination and and organic of of cation cation measure measure of to to part part as as of of obtained obtained volume program program being being are are tests tests profiles profiles

but but for for analysis, analysis, mixture mixture the the identifi- in in continued sands sands A A concrete. concrete. pavement of of used used Additional Additional workability. workability.

for for only only not not used used been been ad- concrete concrete of quality quality the the of of measure acceptable acceptable better better some some determining determining evaluation evaluation

spectrophotometer spectrophotometer infrared infrared has which which field field for test test development development density density and simple simple a a of of concrete concrete of of on on vibration vibration

The The laboratory laboratory nents. nents. an purchased purchased the has has the the cement cement on on The The continued continued of information information unit unit effect effect ing ing

of of quantitative, quantitative, tive tive and and these these compo- Materials. develop- also also is is unit unit concrete concrete The The

determination, determination, chemical chemical both both qualita- Testing for for sources sources Society Society 30 30 the the American American the the tested.

of of development development the the methods methods the for for and of of Bureau Bureau National National Standards Standards of been been 12 12 has has for for for for the the recommended recommended nature, resulting from breakdowns or placement equipment. The section also The- operations section sold, by sealed operational damage. Other repairs disposes of worn out equipment. bids, 921 units with an original inven- were subject to scheduling, such as the Newly developed equipment is studied tory value of $2,384,973 for $367.312. overhaul of snow removal equipment and equipment specifications are re- This represented a return of 15.4 per- during the summer, and the overhaul vised accordingly. Equipment units cent of the original cost, a very satis- of summer maintenance equipment are purchased by competitive bids. factory return under present market during the winter. The shops also Specifications are written to include conditions. handle certain special work such as the various manufacturers of satis- maintenance and repair on movable factory units. Parts Purchasing bridges, state-owned and operated During the past year, specifications A sizeable supply of parts and com- ferry boats, ventilation equipment in have been written for 156 different ponents must be kept in stock at all tunnels, and other miscellaneous items types of equipment and 1,647 units of the shop storerooms to minimize as required by the operating depart- costing $5,075,831.52 were added to delays in the repair of equipment. The ments. the equipment inventory. As equip- inventory value of the parts kept on ment units reach the end' of their hand averages approximately $600,000. Specialized Equipment Design economical life, they are disposed of. To maintain this supply throughout and Construction Many specialized maintenance units and laboratory testing equipment units are not available on the open market. These must be designed and constructed by the shop organization in collaboration with the users. The de- EQUIPMENT DEPARTMENT partment maintains a design section to handle this specialized work. A typical STATISTICAL DATA FOR OPERATIONS 1950-1961 equipment unit developed by this section and constructed by the shops is a 120 120 new bridge repair truck that is fitted with a special body constructed at the I10 headquarters shop, I10 This body houses a complete com- 100 100 plement of tools and equipment for PERCENTAGE INCREASE IN INVENTORY / work ranging from bridge structure VALUE OF EQUIPMENT SINCE 1950. repairs and ferry boat maintenance to 90 ~0 steam plant and subway pump serv- icing. 80 8~ i The unit is equipped with a power i driven front-end winch, a 300 ampere 70 70 PERCENTAGE INCREASE IN RENT COLLECTEn~ electrical arc welder, and a complete FOR ALL EQUIPMENT UNITS. / / ~ oxygen-acetylene welding outfit. To 60 60 i provide a working platform for overhead bridge work, a specially designed 50 50 hydraulically operated scissors-type lift table is mounted on top of the i 40 4~ truck body to provide a safe PERCENTAGE INCREASE IN working i~ TOTAL NUMBER OF EQUIP- area for three men. ~f ~ / ~ MENT UNITS SINCE 1950 30 30 The design section is also developing aspecial sign washing unit fitted 20 with an overhead personnel hoist. The 20 // i PERCENTAGE INCREASE IN LABOR unit has its own water and detergent / SINCE 1952 supply. It is equipped with an electric ~~ ~~ generator to provide power for buff- ~' ~ / / ing equipment .and for various electrical tools. ~g moo, ~o~ \°' ~°' ~°' ~°' ~°' ~°' ~°' ~°' Operations The operations section is responsible for the purchase of all new and re-

November-December 1961 33

Works and and Public Public Highways Highways California California 34 34

on on for for new new flaps flaps heavy heavy trucks. fender fender prepares prepares installation installation Trimmer Trimmer rate The The repairs. repairs. and and administration, administration,

depreciation, of of cost cost cover cover the the units, units,

equipment of of use use for for departments departments

operating to to the the charged charged Rentals, Rentals,

Rates Rental Rental

generators. electric electric

and compressors compressors air air units, units, powered powered

on use use for for engines engines auxiliary auxiliary wagons, wagons,

water to to converted converted are are which which trailers trailers

service fuel fuel aircraft aircraft large large tools, tools, chine chine

ma- expensive expensive and and complicated complicated been been

have manner manner this this in in obtained obtained items items

Other program. program. surplus surplus this this through through

acquired was was shops, shops, the the by by work work

fabrication for for steel, steel, of of tonnage tonnage large large

A surplus surplus property. property. federal federal acquires acquires

also section section parts parts purchasing purchasing The The

Acquisition Surplus Surplus Federal Federal

shop. each each at at the maintained maintained of of the the expansion expansion rate rate IV IV paralleling paralleling sub- Shop Shop new new a a and and Indio, Indio, Centro Centro

also

is is units, units,

equipment equipment a Highways Highways at at of of years, years, 10 10 past past the the in in have have grown, grown, El at at subshops subshops XI XI Shop Shop new new of of tion tion

Division the the

all all

of of

covering covering

operations

catalogs, catalogs, Department Department Equipment Equipment comple- the the saw saw year year past past

fiscal fiscal The The

parts manufacturer's manufacturer's

of of library library plete plete

Summary

and and Plants Building Building

com- needed. needed. A A where where and and when when them them

1961. 1, 1,

time. own own their their obtaining in in speed speed and and flexibility flexibility is is

on on July effect effect

in in

placed placed was was schedule schedule on employees employees taken taken by by training training to to there that that so so shops shops the the of of all all at at date date

addition rate rental rental in in subjects, subjects, equipment equipment office office revised revised and and latest latest chanical chanical to up up kept kept are are parts parts to to obtain obtain hard hard

me- in in continued continued also also Training Training ing. ing. The year. year. of of fiscal fiscal start start each each the the at at and critical critical all all of of inventories inventories showing showing

train- driver driver and and operation, operation, equipment equipment are are published rates rates new new rental rental erally, erally, catalogs Intershop Intershop $1,665,000. $1,665,000. mately mately

of features features the the mechanical mechanical electricity, electricity, Gen- equipment. equipment. of of types types all all rates rates for for approxi- spent spent sections sections purchasing purchasing

automotive included included year year the the during during rental equitable equitable determines determines section section parts the the department's department's year, year, past past the the

given programs programs training training Special Special

Sacramento. in in shop shop truck truck newly newly constructed constructed Department's Department's prepared. Equipment Equipment of of view view were were lubricants lubricants new new Interior Interior

for for several Specifications Specifications mowing. mowing. hill hill

side for for steep steep machine machine mowing mowing special special

a and and machines machines striping striping traffic traffic tles, tles,

ket- emulsion emulsion graders, graders, motor motor loaders, loaders,

on problems problems included included Investigations Investigations

ments.

Depart- and and Maintenance Maintenance Equipment Equipment

the of of employees employees for for training training offers offers

and and and lubricants, lubricants, fuels fuels of of use use the the

and construction construction and and operation operation ment ment

equip- involving involving problems problems investigates investigates

section training training and and research research The The

Training and and Research Research

fiscal fiscal year. the the during during process process

in or or either either completed completed was was $2,000,000 $2,000,000

costing costing approximately construction construction

shop. shop. shop New New repair repair automobile automobile the the

and and addition addition to an an shop, shop, truck truck repair repair

a a office office space, space, new additional additional included included

in in shop shop Sacramento headquarters headquarters the the

at Construction Construction Hollywood. Hollywood. North North

VII VII at at in Shop Shop facilities facilities shop shop tional tional

and and addi- Redding, Redding, in in II II Shop Shop at at ities ities

shop shop facil- Jose, Jose, additional additional at at San San shop shop 1

Pushbutton franc striper used to paint the yellow and white lines on pavement.

Division of Highways. The accom- EQUIPMENT DEPARTMENT SUMMARY panying diagram graphically shows June 30,1960 June 30,1961 this growth. It is of interest to note Equipment repairs ------$3,644,496.54 $3,792,216.82 Miscellaneous expense that from 1950 to 1956 percentage ______------_ --_____ 582,293.33 633,68538 the Administration and other expense.______— 958,586.96 1,048,065.57 increase in rent collected and inven- Depreciation expense ______2,463,367.02 2,819,928.05 tory value of all equipment closely Total expense corresponded. From 1956 on, the per- $7,648,743.85 $8,293,895.82 Total income ______7,410,123.22 8,222,445.00 centage increase in rent fell below the percentage increase in inventory 1960-1961 excess of expense over income______$71,450.82 value. The rent collected for the Inventory: The original investment in equipment is as follows: equipment pays for the depreciation of the equipment as well as for repairs TRUCI{S AND PASSENGER VEHICLES and administration. The smaller per- All trucks, %z ton to 10 $12,113,609.03 Buses, jeeps, and station 344,508.16 centage increase in rent indicates that Passenger automobiles ____ 3,478,814.74 the cost of repairs and administration became less on a proportionate basis. MAINTENANCE AND CONSTRUCTIOl~ EQUIPMENT The proportionately lower cost of Motorgraders ------$4,296,114.15 Rotary snowplows (truck mounted)______—______1,681,454.60 repairs may be attributed to more Rotary snowplows (motor grader mounted)______131,649.71 efficient personnel, equipment and op- Shovels, power ------426,070.84 1,886,559.24 eration. Loaders------Tractors------906,872.15 The chart also indicates that from Snowplows, push ------639,002.50 Compressors------321,253.87 1952 to the present time, there has Miscellaneous other equipment; rollers, mixers, trailers, pumps, drills, been an increase of only 13 percent mowers, etc. ------4,452,733.59 in the number of employees. Total $30,678,62.58

November-December 1961 35 Night construction on the Webber Creek Bridge which will be part of a new secf-ion of U.S. 50 freeway west of Placerville. Partly completed bridge on the section of US 299 in Shasfa Counfy which is being relocated to skirt the future Whiskeyfown Dam and Reservoir.

Nearly completed interchange at junction of Golden State and Glendale Freeways in Los Angeles.

36 California Highways and Public Works year. In addition, specifications were established for future projects to expedite advertising for bids when funds are available. r~anis ra The Division of ion Highways Standard Specifications for highway projects, • The Assistant State High~,vay Engineer, Admin- placed in use in January 1960, are istration, exercises control over the following being revised to include late improve- in functions: Once Engineer; Federal Aid ments construction methods, and Secondary new materials and equipment. The re- and County Co-operative Projects; City and vised specifications were expected to Co-operative Projects; Service and Supply; go into effect in July 1962.

Management Analysis; and Systems Research Right-of-Way Engineering The Right-of-Way Engineering Sec- tion works in close co-operation with OFFICE EIVGIN@ER the Right-of-Way Department. It also works closely with the Division of The Office Engineer is responsible Progress and final estimates of work Contracts and Rights-of-Way for ad- for a wide range of administrative ac- done by contractors are checked and vice in preparing complex condemna- tivities including preparation, review processed by this unit, as are contract tion resolutions and in satisfying legal or processing of plans, estimates, and change orders. On June 30, 1961, there requirements in relinquishing super- bid and contract documents; budget were 3S 3 contracts valued at $615,- seded highways, frontage roads and and expenditure control; administra- 532,300 under way. other local roads, and in abandoning tion of federal funds; right-of-way Draftsmen attached to this unit pre- superseded roads. engineering; industry contacts; bidder pare maps for the various projects, Right-of-way requirements for the prequalification records; reports. and prepare summary of bids received, and year called for preparation and engi- statistics, and general files. draw sketches for various uses includ- neering review of 573 condemnation ing work for other state agencies. The resolutions involving 3,584 parcels of Budget and Project Control map included in the annual report sup- Engineering control of the state plement is prepared by this unit. highway budget involves procedures This high standard county highway was built by to E Specifications insure that provisions and amounts Sacramento County on Waft Avenue under the specified in the budget are observed; Specifications were prepared {OI' Federal ad Secondary co~~fy Road Program. preparation and processing of contract more than The four-lane bridge (center) spans the American 600 projects during the River. documents; preparation of final documents submitted to the California Highway Commission; issuance of work orders; and maintenance of construction records. During the year, 418 financial votes were prepared for commission action; 589 projects were advertised for bids with an estimated cost of $455,473,700; and 561 projects were determined to be satisfactory for contract award. In addition to the major contract work, the financing of 320 minor and informal contracts, having a total value of $534,400, was cleared.

Plans and Estimates This unit is responsible for the review and co-ordination of plans and specifications to assure that they are in complete agreement before the projects are advertised for bids. Estimates of cost on all projects are reviewed at various stages. up to opening of bids.

November-December 1961 property. This represents about 46 The contracts placed under way 1961, arranged by the several brackets percent increase in the volume of this during 1960-61 covered a total of 1,431 of bid ratings: type of work over last year. center-line miles of state highway, in- No. of Property no longer required for cluding resurfacing. In addition, the Rating contractors state highway purposes is transferred Department of Public Works awarded $10,000.,000 and over_ 76 to other ownership, either by aban- contracts for construction on 167 5,000,000 to $10,000,000______129 2,500,000 to 5,000,000 214 donments, relinquishments or direc- miles of federal-aid secondary cotmty 1,500,000 to 2,500,000_.______293 tor's deeds. To accomplish these trans- roads. 1,000,000 to 1,500,000.______365 fers of ownership, it was necessary to 500,000 to 1,000,000______519 prepare 23 abandonment votes and 80 Prequalification of Contractors 250,000 to 500,000 697 votes for California Prequalification is required of all 100,000 to 250,000_ 715 relinquishment 50,000 to 100,000______913 Highwap Commission action. The contractors who desire to bid on state total length of superseded highways, highway projects estimated to cost Bids and Bidders frontage roads and other local roads more than $50,000. The prequalifica- The average number of bidders per relinquished or abandoned during the tion rating, representing the maximum project during the year was 5.5, a fiscal year was 151 miles. bidding capacity for each of the sev- slight drop from last year's level of The descriptions for 829 Director's eral types of work which a bidder is 6.1. The highest monthly average of Deeds were certified for correctness capable of undertaking, is established 6.6 was in February 1961. The low prior to processing the deeds for com- from a review of each contractor's of 4.7 was in May 1961. The contracts mission action. statement of experience and financial awarded during the fiscal year have condition. been arranged in eight value ranges as ReporTs and Statistics The total number of contractors shown in the accompanying "Con- The reports and statistics unit main- prequalified to bid on the various tract Value Range" table. Included in tained statistical records pertaining to types of state highway construction the table is the number of projects the 561 highway construction eon- decreased from 987 on July 1, 1960, making up each bracket and the per- tracts awarded during the fiscal year. to 913 on July 1, 1961. This decrease centage it bears to the total. Similar Records were kept for use in prepara- is partly due to the waiving of the information is shown regarding the tion of the quarterly California High- prequalification requirement for proj- value of the projects in each group. way Construction Cost Index, and for ects estimated to cost $50,000 or less. use in forecasting future materials The combined bidding capacity of Construction Cost Index requirements. Weekly and monthly these 913 prequalified contractors is The California Highway Construc- reports for management purposes also $2,435,440,000, which is $72,214,000 tion Cost Index reflects changes in were prepared showing the value of more than a year ago. i highway construction costs. The in- budgeted and non-budgeted programs, The following tabulation gives the dex is founded upon weighted aver- and of other projects for which bids number of contractors prequalified by age contract prices for seven principal were received. the Division of Highways on June 30, construction items in place, all re- ferred to the base year of 1940 with a value of 100. STREET AND HIGHWAY MILEAGE The California Highway Construc- tion quarters Various highway and street mileages, with which the Division of Highways Cost Index for the four of the 1960-61 fiscal year showed a is directly or indirectly concerned, are shown below: Miles Miles variation in costs between a low of Total State Highway System (including portions of city streets 228.5 and a high of 252.8. The year and FAS System)------16,307 began with an index value of 229.1 in Highways proposed for construction where roads do not exist 2,282 the third quarter of 1960, dropped to Constructed state highways 14,025 228.5 in the fourth quarter, increased Federal-aid System Primary rural (12-31-60) 7,967 slightly to 229.6 in the first quarter of Primary urban (12-31-60)------1,496 1961, and then climbed to 252.8 in the second quarter of 1961. Over all, the Tatal------9,463 index reflects a trend of stable prices Federal-aid Interstate System (included in above)______2,179 during the year. The increase in the Federal-aid Secondary System (6-30-61) second quarter of 1961 was partly On state highways ______3,843 caused by projects in mountainous On county roads ------—------8,172 areas ~~here difficult conditions tend Total------12,015 to increase price averages and partly County primary road system (6-30-61)-_------_-_-_-_-_------_--_--- __------24,308 by increases in materials and wages Other county roads (6-30-61)------_- 45,530 which have occurred in the construc- Total county maintained system. ______69,838 tion industry. City streets (estimated 12-31-60)------30,397 The accompanying graph shows a City streets on state highway system______1,686 comparison between the California In-

3~ California Highways and Public Works dex, the Bureau of Public Roads C~m- Sixty construction contracts involy- The principal use of service con- posite Mile Index, and the Engineer- ing $19,583,000 of primary funds, $6,- tracts, involving an expenditure of ing News-Record Construction Cost 497,000 of urban funds, and $71,204,- nearly $1,700,000, was for the rental Index. The small fluctuations of the 000 of interstate funds were completed of equipment for highway mainte- past several years in the Composite during 19b0-61. These amounts, to- nance, for highway construction by Mile Index appear to indicate the con- gether with the required state match- honor camps, and for occasional day- tinuance of a trend toward stabiliza- ing funds, bring the combined total labor highway construction projects. tion of prices. The bureau index, based cost of such improvements completed Certain types of services are also on a greater number of projects on a during the year to approximately obtained under standard agreement. nationwide basis, does not reflect the $130,080,000. During the fiscal year, 82 standard pronounced rises and falls to be found Seventy-eight contracts were agreements wvere processed covering in an index where local conditions are awarded with a total cost of $268,- such services as appraisers and expert a controlling factor, as in the Califor- 503,000, involving primary, urban and witnesses in right-of-way matters and nia Index. The Engineering News- interstate federal aid funds totaling• professional consultants in unusual de- Record Construction Cost Index, approximately $210,317,000. Fifty- sign and economic investigations. which includes many large construc- eight of these contracts provide for tion projects other than highway improvements on the National Sys- Other Functions work, continues to show a steady rise. tem of Interstate Highways with a The Industry Contact Section ob- total cost of $180,709,000, of which Federal Aid t~ins prevailing wage contract data the federal share amounts to $160,- from contractor and labor organiza- A total of $273,564,197 in federal 755,000. tions; collects information for the aid funds was apportioned to Califor- Right-of-way project agreements establishment of equipment rental nia for 1961-62 under the Federal-aid with the Bureau of Public Roads in- rates to be used on force account Highway Aets of 1958 and 1960. 'his creased the total of interstate federal work; represents the Division of included .$19,660,098 for primary aid funds obligated for participation Highways at hearings of the Califor- highways, $9,303,650 for secondary in right-of-way acquisition costs by nia Public Utilities Commission con- routes, X24,529,637 for urban routes, $67,932,000 to a total of $298,321,000. cerning dump truck rental and as- and $220,070,812 for interstate hgh- phalt hauling rates; ;and processes ways. The federal matching ratio on Servece Contracts minor contracts, right-of-way clear- primary, secondary and urban proj- Nearly 4,500 service contracts were ance contracts, informal bid 'and ects is 59.86 percent. On interstate processed involving a total expendi- emergency contracts, and service con- projects the federal ratio is per- 91.58 ture c~f $6,500,000. tracts. _ cent. This type of contract (formerly Small projects for which the At the start of the fiscal year, con- called service agreement) is used for cost will struction was in 'progress on 82 con- renting equipment and obtaining cer- not exceed $5,000 are handled by tracts with a total cost of approxi- tain services. Its use is confined to the districts. A total of 359 minor mately $326,301,000 financed with work not covered by the State Con- contracts with a value of almost federal-aid primary, urban and inter- tract Act and not adaptable to minor $557,000 were awarded during the state funds in the amount of ~254,- contracts, right-of-way clearance con- fiscal year. The average amount per 974,000. tracts or other prescribed procedures. contract was approximately $1,550.

SiA7E HIGF9WAY MELEAGE BY SdDRFACE TYPE

NORTH SOUTH TOTALS

Outside Inside Outside Inside Outside Inside Grand TYPE cities cities Total cities cities Total cities cities total

Concrete__ 512.241 159.292 671.533 550.480 341.010 891.490 1,062.721 500.302 1,563.023 High bituminous______4,117.935 482.330 4,600.265 3,424.718 605.262 4,029.980 7,542.653 1,087.592 8,630.245 Low bituminous______1,435.429 28.896 1,464.325 795.796 8.457 804.253 2,231.225 37.353 2,268.578 Oiled earth, gravel______653.253 2.383 655.636 684.913 4.329 689.242 1,33$.166 6.712 1,344.878 Graded and drained earth_ 39.339 ______39.339 23.162 ______23.162 62.501 62.501 Bridges___ 70.052 33.896 103.948 31.525 19.735 51.260 101.577 53.631 155.20$ ------Totals-Constructed road_ 6,828.249 706.797 7,535.046 5,510.594 978.793 6,489.387 12,33$.843 1,685.590 14,024.433 Unconstructed road______1,195.797 125.713 1,321.510 738.795 222.066 960.861 1,934.592 347.779 2,282.371 ------Total highway system____ 8,024.Q46 832.,510 8,856.556 6.,249.389 1,200.859 7,450.24& 14,273.435 2,033.369 16,346.$04

November-December 1961 39 As in past years, contracts were CONTRACT VALUE RANGE awarded to clear rights-of-way Number of Vglue of in advance of construction, except Range projects Percent projects Percent where improvements were disposed Under $5,000 231 41.2 $4,434,900 1.2 $SQ000 to $100,000 ___ 74 13.2 5,357,500 1.4 of through sales. 100,000 to 250,000 ______100 17.8 15,875,100 4.2 For altering and moving buildings, 250,000 to 500,000 ____ 51 9.1 18,019,000 4.7 relocating irrigation systems and 500,000 to 1,000,000 33 5.9 22,617,100 6.0 fences, and drilling wells, 37 con- 1,000,000 to 2,500,000 23 4.1 37,760,700 10.0 tracts involving a in 2,500,000 to 5,000,000 28 5.0 105,395,300 27.8 total cost excess Over $5,000,000 _ 21 3.7 169,220,600 44.7 of $1,000,000 were awarded. Contracts for the demolition of Totals ______561 100.0 $378,680,200 100.0 buildings numbered 682 with a total cost of approximately $900,000. Of the total of 719 right-of-way clear- PRICE INDEX ance contracts placed underway, 698 CONSTRUCTION COSTS have been completed and 21 are still 1940 = 100 active. ooc

39C CONTRACTS BY TYPE 3BC

This tabulation gives the number of 37C

contracts with mileage by types 36C awarded during the 1960-61 fiscal ~x year. ~c No. of Centerline ax contracts miles 32C 37 Portland cement concrete 169.0 aio 182 Asphalt concrete ______1,036.1 3oc 1 Road mix ------1.4 . x+c....C...... ~ 10 Seal coat ______204.6 2eo ■...... 4 Grading ------203 W 27C 84 Traffic signals and lights______~~I~~~~~~ 38 Bridges __ zZsc ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 146 Miscellaneous ______zsc W ~~~~~~~~~~~I~11~n~~~~~~~~~~ W w z4c v 502 Total ______1,431.4 a a 23C

NOi ON STATE HIGHWAY SYSTEM 2ZC County Roads—Federal Aid Secondary zic No. of Centerline contracts miles 19C ~~~~~~~~~~1~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 44 Asphalt concrete 135.1 iec .. 2 Road mix -----_-__----_---_-__ 9.5 i~c 2 Seal coat --___------_--__-__ 2.6 16( 3 Grading ______19.5 isc 5 Bridges ------1 Miscellaneous ______w< 13( 57 Total ______166.7 izc ii< STATE PARKS, ETC. we No. of Centerline contracts yniles FISCAL YEARS 2 Miscellaneous _ .__ (JULY I TO JUNE 30)

COUNTY AND CO-OPE9t~4T1!/E PRAJECTS The Federal-Aid Secondary Roads system, local flood relief projects, project, from one mile north of New Unit processes all matters pertaining to county road system records and joint Years Creek to Whitehorse Creek, has the FAS Program, acting as liaison be- highway district projects. been completed. tween the U.S. Bureau of Public The last joint highway district No. Roads and the counties. This unit also 9, covering State Sign Route 1 be- The FAS Prmgram administers county and city projects tween Santa Cruz and San Francisco, The Federal-Aid Highway Act of on the urban extensions of the FAS was dissolved during the year. The last 1944 initiated a program of construc-

40 California F-lighways and Public Works This new Klamath River Bridge at Martins Ferry Humboldt County, was designed and built by the county as a flood repair project. tion on a system of principal second- The Urban Extension Program Allocations totaling $1,292,000 were ary and feeder roads. As of June 30, This program, authorized by the made by the Highway Commission for 1961, there were 12,015 miles of fed- 1959 Legislature, has naw completed 1961-62 to pay half the cost of 10 eral-aid secondary routes in Califor- its first year of operation. Urban ex- projects. nia, including 3,843 miles on state tensions of the federal-aid secondary highways and 8,172 miles on county system are major local arterials inte- County-Maintained Roads roads. During the year, there was a grated with the state freeway network. The total county-maintained mileage total increase of 161 miles in the sys- The Highway Commission may on June 30, 1961, stood at 69,422. tem, 160 miles of which were county allocate state highway funds to pay While the annual certification of roads. one-half the cost of extending im- county-maintained road mileage, issued Fifty-nine county federal-aid sec- provements on county federal-aid sec- to the State Controller, showed a net ondary contracts were awarded at a ondary roads into or through urban total cost of $17,401,404. These funds areas. Allocations are made on a proj- increase of only 416 miles, new roads covered construction on 159 miles of ect basis for approved sections pro- totaled 1,197 miles. There were 781 road and 29 bridges. posed for state assistance by cities or miles of road deleted due to new cities Federal funds for secondary high- counties. being formed, annexations to cities, ways, authorized for the 1961-62 fiscal All the projects approved to date reservoirs being flooded and miscel- year, were apportioned to the State on have qualified on the basis of traffic laneous abandonment. December 30, 1960. California received volumes for development to multilane County primary road system changes $9,303,650 of which $8,457,807 was divided status. Their improvement to approved by department reapportioned to the counties in ac- this modern standard will provide ade- the resulted cordance with law. Under state stat- quate connectors to freeways. in a net increase of 854 miles, bringing utes, the Division of Highways retains All five projects approved for the the total to 24,308. This large increase 11 percent of the total allocation for 1960-61 fiscal year were placed under was due mainly to the re-evaluation of construction on FAS state highways, construction, utilizing $691,250 of the county road system in five and 1 %2 percent for planning purposes. state highway funds. counties.

November-December 1961 41

Works Public Public and and lighways lighways 1- California California

42 42

station

maintenance maintenance New New

ot~tained. ot~tained.

ma-

construction construction

and and maintenance maintenance to to

conveni- to to

Sacramento Sacramento in in and and

geles geles

were items items

government government

U.S. U.S.

surplus surplus

supplies

office office ordinary ordinary from from ranging ranging

An- Los Los

in in operated operated

are are Warehouses Warehouses

number number

large large a a years, years, As As

past past in in commodities

in in $16,449,226 $16,449,226

purchased purchased

Warehousing

and and

Procurement Procurement

Department. Equipment Equipment the the Finance of of Department Department the the and and tioned tioned

obtained obtained is is

which which

equipment equipment

tion tion requisi- Highways Highways of of Division Division The The highways. of of

maintenance maintenance

construc-

heavy heavy or or

automotive automotive

include include $2,289,203. and construction construction

design, design, with with the the

not

do do

purchases purchases

The The

figures. figures. was these these inventory inventory average average The The year. year. connected directly directly

not not sary sary functions functions

included included

are are

stock stock

warehouse warehouse

for for the during during made made was was disbursements disbursements neces- many many of of division division

the the of of neers neers

Purchases

equipment. equipment.

engineering engineering

ized ized warehouse of of $4,975,843 $4,975,843 of of total total A A engi- relieve relieve the the to to organized organized is is

ment ment

special-

and and

printing printing

including including terial, terial, State. the the of of portions portions all all serve serve ently ently Depart- and and Supply Supply Service Service The The

SUPPLY AND AND SEtt\/ICE SEtt\/ICE

1,848. 1961, 1961, 19, 19,

April April County, County, Orange Orange $9,694,337.02 fiscal fiscal -62 -62 year.___.___. year.___.___. the the in in 1961 for for -over -over budgeting budgeting Carry

Capistrano, Juan Juan and and San San 4,686; 4,686;

1961, 1961,

42,482,432.94

-__- -__- -_ ___ _-_-

______- ___------budgeted budgeted

--_-----_------___------__ amount amount Actual Actual

ZS, January January County, County, Siskiyou Siskiyou Weed, Weed,

X52,176,769.96

____.. ____..

fiscal fiscal

the the year year during during budgeting budgeting

available available for for Total Total

3,804; 1960, 1960, 21, 21, December December County, County,

Kern

Arvin, Arvin,

11,202; 11,202;

1960, 1960, 10, 10,

vember vember

7,138,86135 ------_------___- accruals accruals --_-----_---_------_-_-----_------rental rental receipt receipt

and No- interest interest and and County, County, projects projects Angeles Angeles cancelled cancelled projects projects and and Los Los on on completed completed Savings Savings Cudahy, Cudahy,

33,812,485.46

______.______.___ _.______.___

fiscal fiscal the the year...______. year...______.

during during

Apportionments Apportionments

2,427;

1960, 1960, 5, 5,

October October

County, County,

------

------$11,225,423.15

1960 1960 30, 30, June June

Tulare

Farmersville, Farmersville,

7,128; 7,128;

4, 4,

1960, 1960, Fund, Highway Highway the the State State and and city city in in treasuries treasuries funds funds in in Unbudgeted Unbudgeted

August County, County, Angeles Angeles Los Los Dimas, Dimas,

year:

San are are

population, population,

estimated estimated

and and

this this fiscal during during budgeting budgeting cities cities for for to to available available funds funds ¢) ¢) (%$ (%$ allocated allocated State State

incorporation of of

dates dates

with with cities, cities, new new

CITIES TO TO

AVAILABLE AVAILABLE FUNDS FUNDS

The incorporation. incorporation. by by formed formed were were

cities

new new

six six and and

year, year,

the the during during

provide provide

counties counties

and and cities cities

many many last this this initiated initiated was was funds funds allocated allocated

annexations

city city

1,050 1,050 were were There There

by developed developed being being plans plans Master Master

state

of of

expenditure expenditure

and and budgeting budgeting

estimate. 1960 1960 30, 30, June June the the

over over

systems. these these -the for for

agreement agreement of of

master master type type

A A

percent

or or

2 2 year year

the the during during

229,110 229,110

included included streets streets of of construction construction the the

Procedure Improved Improved

Agreement Agreement

increased cities cities in in population population The The spent spent for be be to to are are funds funds ¢) ¢) (%$ (%$ cated cated

population. State. state state cities cities this this in in total total -allo- of of state all all 16,445,000 16,445,000 of of the the -fifths -fifths Three Works. Works.

population to to total total the the city city estimated bears bears such such Public the the of of of of Department Department the the percent percent of of 70 70 proval proval mately mately

of total total to to population population which which the the ap- tion tion subject subject streets streets city city approxi- or or major major of of 11,443,805 11,443,805 was was year year the the

propor- the the in in city city

system within within a a each each made made select select to to required required is is council council of end end at at the the cities cities incorporated incorporated 372 372

be to to

city statute statute each each by by funds funds are are statutes, statutes, required required

to to the the According According the of of population population estimated estimated Total Total

¢) (% (% of of allocated allocated state state Expenditures Expenditures Sys4ems Street Street Major Major Cify Cify 11,157,059.

to to streets. city city respect respect year. was cities cities incorporated incorporated the the for for total total

fiscal in the the for for $1,339,298 $1,339,298

expenses expenses to to and and administrative administrative costs costs amounted amounted The announced. announced. census census were were federal federal

streets city city with with engineering

for for connection connection tration tration in in be be exclusively exclusively to to spent spent 1960 1, 1, the the of of April April figures figures lation lation

adminis- and and

city, for for for for engineering engineering each each to to from from $20,000 $20,000 X1,000 X1,000 budgeted budgeted popu- 1960, 1960, the the 2, 2, December December On On

fiends (engineering) (engineering) of of

allocated allocated

- ranging

amounts amounts State nual nual allocation allocation

Cities

Figures, Figures,

New New

Population Population

) an- budget budget transactions. transactions. of of the the for for provides provides ulation ulation also also The The code code

tab- accompanying accompanying of of (See (See cost cost maintenance. maintenance. $27,891,837.50. city city estimated estimated streets. an an at at

and and streets for $9,972,007 $9,972,007 224 224 -of of of miles miles of of -way -way on rights for for for for expenditures expenditures Fund Fund improvement improvement Highway Highway

the $7,521,661 plans plans for for and and provided provided construction, construction, plans plans These These State and and from from the the Commission Commission tion. tion. Highway Highway

surveys for for for for $24,988,765 $24,988,765 construc- approved approved including including and and the the year, year, by by California viewed viewed annually annually allocated allocated be be

re- the the and and fiscal were were estimates estimates during during projects projects specifications specifications for for law law city city tax tax shall fuel fuel the the gallon gallon under under per per

517 517 year, year, plans, was was of of $42,482,433 $42,482,433 budgeted sets sets the the A A of of During During total total cents cents %8 %8 tax that that Code Code provides provides ways ways

all all cities. systems. the the almost almost signed signed with with and and Streets Streets High- The The California California

their their updated updated street major major city city been have have have have Such Such agreements agreements penditures. penditures. streets. city city for for on on use use funds funds allocated allocated

past past year, year, this this many many cities During During ex- allocated allocated state state provals provals proposed proposed of of of of gasoline gasoline tax the the the the administration administration

city city streets streets by by city city councils. major major budget budget ap- processing processing for for procedure procedure is Projects Projects Co- and and Engineer Engineer operative operative

the the these of of for for selection selection good good basis basis the simplified simplified use use greatly greatly Its Its has has year. year. of of the the City The The primary primary function function

PROJECTS CO- OPERATIVE OPERATIVE AND AND CITY CITY cookhouses and bunkhouses have been outfitted from these sources of surplus at considerable savings. The continuing favorable steel mar- lcet made it unnecessary for contractors to borrow steel or culvert pipe from the division. A minor amount of "H piling" was furnished from stock as state-furnished material on small bridge contracts where the contractors could not economically obtain small quantities from the steel mills. Other Auxiliary Services The Headquarters Reproduction Section had its busiest year. The Blue- print Unit printed 8,150,400 square feet of the blue prints, diazo bluelines, brownlines, duplicate cloth, and direct positive film and paper. The Duplicating Unit ran a record number of 107,846 masters for a total of 13,525,334 impressions. New sign acquisition procedures were adopted. Various operations of procurement and inspection are handled by Service and Supply, with the Sacramento used five-eighths cent gas tax funds to help finance construction of this Sutter Road Overpass Traffic Department responsible for and approaches. State highway funds from a special railroad grade separation consfiruction fund were sign design. also included in the financing, along with railroad funds. Signs for new projects are ordered well in advance of the anticipated date of installation, stored in the Los Angeles warehouse and shipped at the request of the ordering office when the contractor is ready to install them. This procedure protects the signs and insures delivery at the proper time in good condition. The repair of transits and levels, done under service contract on a low bid basis, has resulted in maintaining in top condition the 1,200 transits and levels used by various survey parties. During the current year master service contracts have been entered into for the repair of other engineering equipment including theodolites, self-leveling levels, and geodimeters. Experimental work continued v~~ith traffic counter tubing, in an effort to obtain a hose that will give accurate counts over a reasonably long life (2 million vehicles). The property and equipment inventory for headquarters offices consisted of approximately 30,000 items valued at about $3,000,000. The Service and Supply Depart- Approximately $900,000 in five-eighths cent gas fax funds were spent on the recent improvement of ment is responsible for the building Washington $freet in San Diego.

lefovember-December 1961 4~ others were placed with outside ven- dors through the Department of Fi- nance. The Photographic Laboratory has continued to give photographic coverage of highway construction projects, traffic patterns, and roadway and structural conditions.

Business Volume Purchases—Districts and Headquarters (not including warehouses) Regular purchase orders ___ $9,320,794.95 Subpurchase orders ______1,904,258.66

Total ____ $11,225,053.61 Warehouse Operations Purchases ______$5,224,182.68 Disbursements _ 4,975,842.52 Inventories Stores—district office ..______$1,857,565.91 ~ Warehouses ______2,352,443.20 * Does not include $74,719.87 in Headquarters Radio Supplies (Departmental Communication New section of county expressway on Washington S1ree' and Barton Road in San Bernardino County, Engineers—Highway Radio Shop). constructed under fhe FAS program. The following is a resume of the allocation and disbursement of funds services, operation and maintenance of regarding printing has been broadened for acquisition of nonrental equipment the Public Works Building in Sacra- and strengthened. In the interest of during the 1960-61 fiscal year: and service and supply economy, an effort is being mento the made to Allocated _ $1,100,000.00 warehouses. It furnishes advisory standardize forms to the greatest Funds expended______1,099,947.78 services for building and office layout extent possible. Over 2,600 orders of as well as for operation, maintenance various types, exclusive of contract Funds reverted._____ $52.22 minor improvements at the dis- and special provisions, were placed with The nonrental inventory as of June office buildings. trict the State Printing Plant this year and 30, 1961, amounted to $13,880,752.30. An engineering function of Service and Supply is the salvage and utilization of construction materials. An engineering inspection is made of each bridge structure or other highway facility which is to be removed during highway construction operations to determine which materials are structurally and economically sound for salvage and future use. The records center at Sacramento had 16,455 cubic feet of records in storage at the end of the year, an increase of 2,932 cubic feet for the year. Records sold as waste paper totaled 54 tons, of which 25 tons were tab cards. The net unit cost of records storage at the Records Center dropped during the year to 92 cents per cubic foot per year including personnel costs. Exclusive of personnel, storage of records in the center costs 21 cents per cubic foot compared to $5.53 per cubic foot in office space. Liaison between the State Printing The Feather Lake Highway in Plant and the Division of Highways Shasta and Lassen Counties was improved to modern standards under the Federal Aid Secondary County Road Program and recently became part of the State Highway Sysfem.

44 California Highways and Public Works MANAGEMEtVT ANALYSIS SECTION The purpose of this section is to better understanding the entire process permitting increased efforts in the improve the efficiency of the divi- and provided a step toward reducing total records program, including a sion's work by making assigned studies the processing time. more current updating of records re- and recommendations, and providing As a result of another study, a di- tention schedules. advisory services on administrative and rective was issued outlining the re- Because of the division's advances management problems in the Division sponsibilities of various offices in the in solving the records problem and of Highways, both in headquarters processing of co-operative agreements. because of the impetus given to a and in the districts. A number of file studies completed statewide records program by the Improvements in the sign requisi- by the staff assisted the districts and Governor, a staff member was assigned tion procedure, as well as reductions headquarters offices as well as the di- to co-ordinate department-wide effort in sign records resulted from one rector's office in better use of man- in reducing the cost of record keeping. study. Assistance was given to a rec- power and space. Results of previous ommended sign task force which fol- A manual for use of headquarters lowed up on other areas in order to studies resulted in over $40,000 in personnel as to how to use the Rec- streamline additional aspects of sign savings of space in 1960. ords Center and recommendation for procedure. Improvements were also made in improvement of the operations of the Development of a railroad agree- the manner of assembling statistical center has been developed. ment flow chart assisted personnel in information for these file studies, thus The first complete and comprehensive index of all circular letters was issued. This has provided a ready source of reference of official instructions not contained in manuals. A revised procedure placed in effect will reduce the cost of preparation of the second annual index. A secretary's manual for headquarters offices has been drafted and submitted to the users for comment and revision. This manual will lead to a clearer understanding and a more uniform operation of division secretarial procedure. The fact gathering phase of the Procurement and Warehouse study was completed. Improved procedures and reduction in cost are expected to A Sonoma County FAS project on Trenton Road included construction of this 500-foot bridge which spans Mark West Creek and two roads. result from this study.

SYSTEMS RESEARCH The position of "Systems Research curate cost accounting, much of the improving highway engineering pro- Engineer" was created in May 1961. time and energy has been devoted to ductivity through the use of the latest The State Highway Engineer, in this phase of the problem in the initial equipment and processes of elec- establishing this position, stated that stages of the study. tronics. the primary purpose was a critical and There has been close co-ordination While California has been one of the searching examination into all phases with the Accounting Department in leaders in adopting modern techno- of engineering costs to make certain setting up the procedures for elec- logical methods to increase engineer- that engineering operations are con- tronic data processing in Division of ing productivity, scientific progress is ducted on an efficient, effective and Highways accounting. This change now so rapid that continuous appraisal economical basis. should make cost records more mean- is necessary to make certain that early Since a study of engineering costs ingful and timely for analysis of en- and full use is made of all the appli- and productivity is intimately related gineering and other costs. cable time-saving methods and devices to and dependent on proper and ac- Studies are also being conducted in developed in this field.

Noveraiber-December 1961 45 lish basic design features. They are prepared in the districts and reviewed at the Sacramento headquarters. ~. • Freeway Routes The development of an integrated system of • The functions of advance planning, freeways, one of the most programs important phases of modern high~~ay and budges, design, tra~e~ photogrammefry and planning, has been emphasized in Cali- highway planning survey are the responsibility fornia for many years. It involves of the Assistant State Highway Engineer, Planning. careful consideration of community values and potential land uses, as well as cost, traffic needs and benefits. ADVANCE PLANNILVG In accordance with long-established policy of the California Highway Advance Planning Engineer is in Project Reports TxE Commission, local authorities are ad- charge of the advance planning and A project report is made after an vised by the Division of Highways of the photogrammetric sections. engineering investigation and analysis the start of freeway route studies and of a specific project. The The advance planning section proc- report sets are also kept informed of the general forth the reasons for and nature esses project reports, co-ordinates of features of proposed freeway units as the planned highway steps involved in route adoptions and improvement the studies progress. Local master and the proposed manner of freeway declarations, processes free- accom- plans are consulted. When studies plishment. Approximately 302 way agreements, and. works with proj- have progressed sufficiently on a spe- ects were processed during the year. other agencies in planning matters. cific freeway section, the division Project reports constitute both a holds a public meeting to present facts starting point and a control mechan- and obtain local reaction and other ism in planning and budgeting and pertinent information. (The freeway Recently completed freeway on U. S. Highway 101 provide information needed to estab- in northern Humboldt Counfy. route selection process is discussed earlier in this report on page 11 and the formal policy statement is included in the statistical supplement to this annual report.) Transcripts of proceedings of public meetings together with reports on the results of conferences held in conformance with commission policy are made available to the Highway Com- mission for consideration in the determination of freeway routings. During the fiscal year, the district staffs of the Division of Highways held 53 formal public meetings to dis- cuss proposed freeway routings. Nu- merous conferences with city and county officials and their technical staffs were also held during this period, as were several hundred preliminary informational meetings and rnap displays. In addition, the Califor- nia Highway Commission itself held five public hearings during the year, two at the request of the local authorities and three on its own initiative. (These public meetings and hearings are listed in the statistical portion of the annual report.) The California Highway Commis- sion had before it for consideration during the year 57 freeway projects A formal public hearing, at which local citizens are urged fo contribute information and ask questions, is part of every freeway route study conducted by Division of Highways engineers. Pictured is an official division hearing held for discussion of east-west and north-south freeways through Sacramento. Many informal meetings and map displays are also held.

and adopted the routings on 49 of Public Roads on such factors as the in an annual improvement program. these units, of which 39 involved a route ; locations and basic design on California roads designated as for- major relocation. Through this action features including the number of est highway routes. The forest high- of the commission, the freeway rr~ile- traffic lanes, median and right-of-way way network in California covers ap- age was increased approximately 406 widths, and the location of separation proximately 2,465 miles, about 80 miles, resulting in a total of 5,609 miles structures, interchanges, and frontage percent of which is on state highway of declared freeway as of June 30, roads. routes. (A tabulation showing the 1961. Advance planning is also responsi- status of forest highways appears in Freeway Agreements ble for obtaining bureau approval on the statistical supplement.) The co-operation achieved with the final locations of all routes on the The California apportionment of cities and counties in working out and Interstate Highway System, after forest highway funds for the 1960-61 concluding freeway agreements has adoption of each section by the Cali- fiscal year was $4,726,004. Including been extremely satisfactory. Agree- fornia Highway Commission. At the funds remaining from previous appor- ments for 148 freeway units were re- end of the year, the locations for ap- tionments, the distribution of forest ceived for processing during the year. proximately 1,826 miles, about 84 per- highway money in the State during the year was as follows: projects on In some cases, oxiginal agreements cent of the Interstate System in state highways, $3,376,000; projects were replaced by supplemental agree- California, had been approved. In ad- ments which incorporated improved on county roads, $925,000; system sur- dition, another 234 miles were being veys, $200,000. design standards or provided for processed for submission to the bu- changes in trafric patterns or local The Bureau of Public Roads plans, reau. The total mileage approved or planning. designs, advertises and supervises, the under consideration at the end of the construction of federally financed for- Enterstate Flighway System fiscal year is about 95 percent of the est highway projects. Qn projects on A new statewide interstate highway Interstate System in the State. state highways, the Division of £~igh- deficiency study was completed dur- ways works with the bureau in the ing the year. In connection with this 9Vcafional Forst Flighways planning and design phases and also study, the advance planning section The Division of Highways acts purchases the required rights-of-way, was responsible for obtaining prior jointly with the U.S. Bureau of Pub- including clearance of utilities and op- approval from the U.S. Bureau of lic Roads and the U.S. Forest Service tions on material sites.

November-December 1461 47

Works and and Public Public Highways Highways California California 48 48

proj- the the in in ready ready year year increasing the the is is to to order order fiscal fiscal projects, projects, however, however, of of than two two less less only only was was year year 61 61 fiscal fiscal

this reviewed reviewed of of number the the sheets sheets plans plans than than were were significant significant More More 1960- ago. ago. the the during during prepared prepared were were plans plans

7,300 years plans. plans. of of projects projects Approximately Approximately two two volume volume 414 414 set set record record the the which for for projects projects of of number number The The

DESIGN

other State. consultation consultation with with after after termined termined gram.

17 17 throughout throughout the

locations locations

de- at at tions tions are are

of of

revenues revenues

estimates estimates probable probable pro- plants plants and and buildings buildings annual annual the the

sta- maintenance maintenance developed developed for for being being budgeting, purposes. purposes. For For planning planning for for

administers

and and

projects, projects, provement provement

were Plans Plans completed. completed. Francisco Francisco were were

revenues probable probable

estimating estimating

in in guide guide

im- minor minor or or unbudgeted unbudgeted

on on

action action

San in in office office at at district district the the a as as building building are are State State used used the the throughout throughout

recommends budget, budget, year year in in fiscal fiscal a a annex an an for for plans plans traffic Sacramento Sacramento and and in in this this of of records records continuous continuous

Building purposes Works Works the the of of and highway highway Public Public annex annex for for available available established established traffic. Long Long highway highway funds funds

the to to addition addition of begun begun the the was was on on and and type type the the to to volume volume respond respond the on on check check constant constant a a maintains maintains

Construction completed. completed. were were cor- revenues revenues Diego Diego closely closely division's division's

The The

Commission, Highway Highway the the

by by

eration eration

San and and San San Bernardino, Bernardino, Redding, Redding, engineer.

consid-

for for recommendations recommendations

budget budget

Angeles, Los Los additions additions at at

building building

of of office the the supervision supervision the the under under

prepares

survey, survey, planning planning with with tion tion

office the the year, year, fiscal fiscal district district During During

performed

is is

budget budget highway highway state state

opera- co- in in program program planning planning

range range

the

of of control control Engineering Engineering Planning. Planning.

Plants and and Buildings Buildings

long- statewide statewide the the develops develops

planning, planning,

Engineer, Highway Highway State State Assistant Assistant the the

in used used be be

to to figures figures

target target lishes lishes of of Board Board Equalization. with Commission Commission rests rests Highway Highway the the

estab- purposes, purposes, highway highway for for funds funds of of the and and Vehicles, Vehicles, and and Motor Motor by nance nance budget budget consideration consideration for for annual annual

availability the the of of on on as as Fi- projections projections cies cies the the the such such Departments Departments makes makes preparing preparing for for responsibility responsibility The The

agen- departments departments and and governmental governmental Budgets Budgets Section and and Programs Programs The The Revenue and and budget budget

BIJDd~ETS AND AND PROGRAMS PROGRAMS

time. be in in saving saving to to percent percent 40 40 proved proved a has has to to analysis analysis attaches attaches grammetric grammetric equipment equipment The The putation. putation.

a as as as as well well during during year, year, photo- the the $60,000 $60,000 of of com- quantity quantity program program A A continuing continuing earthwork earthwork for for cards cards the the

savings savings of

a a in in resulted resulted this this on instrument instrument

information information the the recording recording matically matically Map Map Checking

of use use the the surveys, surveys, accurate accurate assuring assuring auto- centerline, centerline, final final predetermined predetermined

While night. night. at at must must used used be be which which a sections sections - along along cross terrain terrain computation. taking taking tronic tronic

device electronic electronic an an is is It It year. year. the the for elec- and and designed designed specifically specifically photogrammetry photogrammetry is is scaler scaler between between

throughout success success outstanding outstanding with with The cards. cards. link direct direct a a punch punch on on provides provides and and directly directly maps, maps, ments ments tour tour

used Mode14 Mode14 been been Geodimeter Geodimeter has has A A con- measure- from from information information photogrammetric photogrammetric equivalent equivalent recording recording the the

districts. to to the the as as service service a a urement urement for of scaler scaler digital digital determination determination electronic electronic an an associated associated with with quired quired steps steps

meas- distance distance geodetic geodetic accurate accurate for for ac- has has unit unit intermediate photogrammetric photogrammetric several several Its Its eliminates eliminates The The use use

instruments operated operated unit unit

grammetric grammetric stereoplotter. of of project project type type - direct Developments

photo- year, year, fiscal fiscal the the the the During During

$600,843

Total

Distance Distance Measurement Geodetic Geodetic

9,056 quirements. 7 ______contracts______Stereoplotter Stereoplotter rental rental

60,049 ___ 8 __ __ contracts contracts (blanket)______Aerial Aerial photography photography re- field field in in checking checking reduction reduction major major

26,994 -- - -

------

______.______contracts___ photography photography

Aerial Aerial

results results a This This in in checks. checks. field field further further

69,794 151 8 reconnaissance

project project for for Contour Contour mapping mapping

for are are recommended recommended

reviewed reviewed thus thus

X434,950 396 45 ______for for projects projects design..______

Contour Contour

mapping mapping

models the the of of stereoscopic stereoscopic

percent percent

amount miles Contracts strip strip

25 analysis. analysis. About About photogrammetric photogrammetric Highway Contract

by is is mileage mileage reviewed reviewed mapping mapping

align- year:

influence influence

quantities quantities materially materially of of total thirds thirds - the the two About About

earthwork fiscal during during where where the the contracting contracting locations locations of of study study

for for ture ture nated.

route

used used

for for

is is

type type connaissance connaissance

of of resume resume expendi- is is a a Following Following thus thus is is checking checking elimi- largely largely field field

re- a a of of

mapping mapping

Photogrammetric Photogrammetric

obtained. obtained. costly Extensive Extensive and and actually actually firms.

accuracies checks checks determine determine to to field field private study. route route contract contract for for aid aid with with under under obtained obtained

areas areas warrant isolates isolates which which and and tions, tions, are services services Photogrammetric Photogrammetric is is used. used. primary a a is is photography photography aerial aerial date date

adequacy adequacy specifica- of of regarding regarding tion tion mapping interval interval - contour costs. costs. small- -to- Up scale, scale, photogrammetrics photogrammetrics of of

provides provides informa- analysis analysis The The tract. tract. large- facilities, facilities, highway highway all all virtually virtually 15 15 percent approximately approximately counts counts for for

con- mapping mapping by by photogrammetric photogrammetric of design design and and location location final final For For routes. routes. ac- and and planning, planning, ways ways for for advance advance

accurate obtaining obtaining in in aid aid invaluable invaluable an an of of alternate possible possible and and grade grade ment ment used used many in in is is photography photography Aerial Aerial

PHOTOGRAPHY d4EitIAL d4EitIAL AND AND MAPPIRIG MAPPIRIG PMOTOGR~41101flAETRIC PMOTOGR~41101flAETRIC ects for advertising. This is 1,700 more ante of past and current pavement Research and Development in than last year which reflects the in- designs. Features under observation in- Design Methods creased volume of freeway construc- clude reinforced asphalt concrete and The drafting and plans section of tion. portland cement concrete pavements the Planning Manual of Instructions GeomeTrlc Desis~n and thick bituminous pavement sec- was completed. The new manual es- The geometric design unit processed tions, variable joint arrangements in tablishes policies and standards and 680 interchange and intersection de- portland cement concrete pavements, gives suggested procedures for the signs during the year, as compared to cut slope and benching details and preparation of maps, plans and engi- 544 in the previous year. The exhibit subsurface drainage installations. neering drawings. maps for 148 freeway agreements During the year, the electronic were reviewed, and a total of 56 Drainage and Co-operative AgreemenTs computation service for earthwork reports involving requests for new Freeway construction in urban areas computation was improved. The new connections or separations on free- has complicated many drainage program is capable of evaluating ways were processed prior to presen- problems. Urbanization has brought hinge point and variable slope condi- tation to the Highway Commission. A changes in drainage conditions which tions as well as computing the proper total of 526 bridge designs were re- affect both existing and planned high- hinge point, slope, and catch point viewed with respect to geometric de- ways. This has increased the time values. sign features. spent in the review of drainage plans Erosion Control and Roadside Development during the early design stages. SfrucTural Since it is a highly specialized ac- Qesign As in the past few years, drainage tivity, the roadside development unit Typical sections representing ap- modifications and street rearrange- prepares all plans for functional plant- proximately 200 proposed projects ments incidental to freeway construc- ing and landscaping projects in Sacra- were processed by the structural de- tion have been handled by co-opera- mento for the districts. During the sign unit during 1960-61. This in- tive agreements. These co-operative 1960-61 fiscal year, plans and specifica- volved the review of all structural efforts continue to pay increased bene- tions for 31 projects were completed. features, including materials sources, fits to both the highway and the local Certain items necessary for erosion specifications, foundation conditions, community. control and landscape preparation subsurface drainage and slope design. can During the early part of 1961, the more economically be handled Continued emphasis on these details under actual processing of these agreements the major construction contracts. during the early stages of design has All was made a function of the office typical cross sections for all resulted in more effective specifica- projects engineer's section. Under the new pro- are reviewed with tions and optimum utilization this in mind. The of avail- cedure, the design department is con- landscaping able materials. preparation includes such tinuing? to review proposed co-opera- items as deep sterilization, spreading Continuing progress was made in the tive agreements in the initial stage to top soil and installing water observation and compilation lines or of factual determine the relative benefits and encasements for data concerning future water lines the actual perform- costs to each agency involved. under roadways.

Large directional signs assist motorists in getting to their destinations, making freeway travel safer and more convenient. Over the years, directional sign systems for fast freeway tragic have been tremendously improved.

November-December 1961 49

and and Public Public California California Highways Highways Works 50 50

moves moves the the on on routes. ahead ahead Sfate's Sfate's miles miles 2,200 2,200 struction struction of of freeway freeway Interstate Interstate

Holly- the the on on

conducted conducted was was gestion gestion

con- as as numbers numbers white white blue blue route route and and These These are are Interstate Interstate shields shields red, red, appearing appearing in in increasing increasing - ever

con- causes causes of of and and flow flow traffic traffic way way

free- study study of of A A areas. areas. Bay Bay Francisco Francisco

San Angeles Angeles and and the the Los Los in in cations cations

lo- several several at at taken taken were were observations observations

field Board, Board, Research Research Highway Highway the the

by conducted conducted being being capacity capacity ramp ramp on on

study nationwide nationwide a a of of part part As As tions. tions.

opera- freeway freeway of of phases phases several several on on

year the the during during continued continued Research Research

Service Traffic Traffic and and Standards Standards Geomeiria Geomeiria

travel.

of -miles -miles vehicle 100 100 million million per per deaths deaths

2.88 was was combined, combined, urban urban and and rural rural

freeways, of of rate rate 1960 1960 fatality fatality The The

California. in in highways highways state state rural rural on on

recorded ever ever rate rate fatality fatality lowest lowest the the

is which which travel, travel, of of -miles -miles vehicle lion lion

mil- 100 100 7.23 7.23 per per deaths deaths was was highways highways

state rural rural on on rate rate fatality fatality 1960 1960 The The

machines. processing processing - data tric tric

elec- into into fed fed then then are are which which volumes volumes

hourly showing showing tapes tapes punched punched duce duce

pro- These These counters counters counters. counters. cording cording

re- 296 296 including including program, program, new new the the

for purchased purchased been been has has equipment equipment new new

of $265,000 $265,000 worth worth Approximately Approximately

locations locations of of counted. number number the the

doubling than than more more while while cost, cost, former former

the about about half half $300,000, $300,000, about about by by

census of of cost cost the the the the annual annual reduced reduced

has program program counting counting machine machine The The

cities. including including highways, highways, state state on on

locations 10,000 10,000 some some at at traffic traffic daily daily

of of estimate estimate average provides provides an an gram gram

This highway highway pro- sign. sign. nous nous new new The The 628 directional directional census. census. traffic traffic standards standards and and 5,210 5,210 nual nual lighting lighting July July for for

-lumi- self velop velop an- energized energized required required the the for for anuclear anuclear completed also also formerly formerly were were ployees ployees plans plans Contract Contract

to to with with firm firm de- a a em- research research private private -time -time modernized. part be be to to 6,000 6,000 119 119 approximately approximately signals signals the the existing existing

A A into was was replaced types. types. entered entered contract contract has has counters, counters, and traffic traffic installations installations signal signal 154 154 automatic automatic traffic traffic new new

transducer and and microphone microphone portable infrared infrared using using for each each were were district, district, completed completed in in Contract Contract ployees ployees plans plans

the the of of vehicle vehicle ultrasonic

of of detectors detectors of of em- -time -time full force force Asmall Asmall

tion. tion.

and and Signals Signals Illumination TraAie TraAie

of of types new new installations installations test test opera- cluded cluded program program began began census census traffic traffic

locations. under under in- way way projects projects Research Research statewide new new a a 1961, 1961, January January In In

highway alternate alternate by by offered offered service service 1959. lighting. increase increase over over slight slight

relative the the evaluate evaluate to to and and demands demands or traffic traffic the the for for signals signals mine mine need need a - 18 18 vehicle miles, miles, billion billion over over be be to to

traffic present present to to are are determine determine made made 307 307 made made deter- were were to to intersections intersections was was counts, counts, estimated traffic traffic monthly monthly

surveys locations. locations. These These nine nine at at made made at at conditions conditions viewing viewing appro~mately and annual annual the the on on based based highways, highways,

were destination destination surveys surveys and and Origin Origin 164 164 traffic traffic reports reports of of re- total total A A state rural rural on on vehicle vehicle travel travel Motor Motor

sign sign of of 1959. steel steel structures. cost cost the the 6.5 6.5 ramps. percent percent over over - off and and approximately approximately

$9,539,387, $9,539,387, not not was was including on- an an of between between work work freeway freeway increase increase weaving weaving traffic traffic miles, miles, - vehicle billion billion

cost cost of of estimated estimated electrical the the on total total was was study study 32 begun begun System System Another Another exceeded exceeded Highway Highway Angeles. Angeles. State State

The guide guide traffic traffic Los illuminated illuminated signs. signs. in in Pasadena Pasadena Freeways Freeways and and the on on wood wood vehicle vehicle travel travel motor motor 1960, 1960, In In

TRAFFIC

cuttings. of of 132,375 132,375 pounds pounds of of tons tons straw, straw, projects projects 4,112 4,112 these these in in quantities quantities involved involved

and cover cover 3,330,535 3,330,535 plants plants ground ground the the items: items: of of list list a a is is lowing lowing main main The The were were financed. financed. $5,002,800 $5,002,800 at at

trees trees shrubs, and and assorted assorted 378,922 378,922 Fol- Fol- the the preparation. preparation. in in design design volved volved valued valued landscape landscape projects projects or or planting planting

tons tons 572 572 fertilizer, of of seed, seed, in- in- commercial commercial of of amount amount work work the the 36 36 exemplify exemplify functional functional the the year, year, fiscal fiscal During During project is sponsored by the U.S. Bu- the 65-mile-per-hour maximum be- all types of highways, 57.4 and reau of Public Roads. 63.9 came effective January 1, 1960. m.p.h. for freeways, and 54.1 and 61.4 A traffic signal system was placed A comparison of the 1960 observed m.p.h. for two-lane roads. The critical into operation near Sacramento con- speed with previous surveys showed speed, also called the 85 percentile sisting of six signals supervised by a that, except for a leveling off of the speed, is the speed at or below which master electronic computer and inter- average speed in 1958, speeds have 85 percent of the traffic is moving. connected by microwave radio cover- risen at a fairly uniform rate since As traffic control measures, after in- ing five miles of highway.. World War II. vestigation and study, the following Standard plans for the electrical The 1460 study showed an appreci- actions were taken: portions of the new truck weigh ably higher percentage of vehicles sta- • Established 359 speed limit zones tions were developed, including new grouped in the middle speed ranges, on 321 miles of highways, and 43 circuit designs for remote SO m.p.h. to 65 m.p.h. The 15 m.p.h. control and other traffic regulating measures. read-back of internally illuminated band between SO m.p.h. and 65 m.p.h. changeable message signs. accounted for 63.8 percent of all ve- e Approved 115 city and county hicles sampled and 67.9 percent of the ordinances regulating traffic Traffic Regulation and Control passenger cars. The comparable figure movement and parking on state for passenger cars highways. A statewide speed survey was con- on freeways showed 70.5 percent in this 15 m.p.h. • ducted during October 1960 which range. Approved requests for a total of The average and critical speeds for included more than 50,000 individual 54,270 signs, consisting of 18,643 all vehicles on all types of highways warning signs, observations at 146 selected locations 12,773 regulation were 54.5 and 61.7 m.p.h., respec- signs, 16,000 guide signs, and on all types of highways. This was tively. Comparable speeds of passen- 6,854 construction and other mis- the first statewide speed survey since ger cars were 55.9 and 62.7 m.p.h. for cellaneous signs.

HIGHWAY PLANNING SURVEY The planning survey department is report dated August 1, 1960. The graphic distribution of the state high- divided into two main operating units, preparation of the S.C.R. 62 report way construction funds as enacted collateral engineering in and statistical- was accomplished with the close co- Senate Bill No. 1412. financial. Enginecring and economic operation between all the cities, coun- Two special route studies were investigations assigned to the High- ties, a 14-member Technical Advisory completed in the fall of 1960 for the way Planning Survey usually cover Committee, and the Division of High- State Legislature. Feasibility studies more than one district or are state- ways. ''his study covered approxi- were made for a route from the Ari- wide in nature. Many such studies are mately 70,000 miles of county roads zona state line near Yuma to Niland undertaken at the request of the LT.S. and 30,000 miles of city streets. and to explore either improving the Bureau of Public Roads. Most studies The first revised estimate of the existing State Sign Route 41 or con- are financed partly by federal funds cost of completing the Interstate Sys- structing the highway on new loca- amounting to a maximum 1 % percent tem was completed by the districts, tion between Paso Robles of and Cam- the total annual federal-aid appor- reviewed and processed by planning bria. tionment to California. survey, then submitted to .the Bureau A feasibility study of extending Within the statistical unit there is of Public Roads in September 1960. State Sign Route 8 from Mokelumne an Electronic Data Processing and The estimate covered all of the 2,177 Hill, via West Point, to State Sign Machine Methodology Section which miles of interstate routes in California Route 88 was also completed and de- provides data processing and elec- and included project cost estimates on livered to the Legislature. tronic computer services for planning all sections not completed to standards The effect of state highway right- survey and other departments, as well required to serve estimated 1975 traf- of-way acquisition on general assess- as for other divisions of the Depart- fic. The revised estimate is being used ments, which are a lien against real ment of Public Works. as the basis of allocating federal-aid property levied by irrigation dis- The planning library is also at- interstate funds to the various states tricts, was evaluated for the legal tached to planning survey. for the 1963-66 period. section. This study included esti- At the request of the Senate Fact mated future Collateral Engineering Studies right-of-way acquisi- Finding Committee on Transportation tions through City street and county 1980 within irrigation road needs and Public Utilities, estimates of cost and water storage districts. to 1980 were compiled, audited, and for improvements on the State High- The 1960 census disclosed a number summarized by the Division of High- way System to 1980, "State Highway of new urban areas (places of over ways in accordance with the 1959 Inventory" (started in the prior fiscal 5,000 population). Maps of these new Senate Concurrent Resolution No. 62 year) were completed. These esti- urban areas and maps of all other exist- and were then presented to the Sen- mates were used by the committee ing urban areas are being prepared ate Fact Finding Committee on Trans- to and the 1961 Legislature in the revi- reflect the latest census data. These portation and Public Utilities in a sion of the statutes relating to the aeo- maps, which show urban area bound- November-December 1961 51 infrequent occurrences) of rainfall in- tensities, stream discharge data, and other similar studies. The development of special methods for handling complex metropolitan traffic study routing problems by computer was continued.

Electronic Computer Service The major programs in the engineering computations field are earthwork computations, traverse computations, and profile grade and grid computations. The use of these programs has greatly increased since they were first introduced in 1956. The data processing unit is a well- balanced system consisting of key punches, sorters, collators, gang This new section of two-lane expressway on U. S. Highway 40 Alternate in Plumas County is typical of punches, tabulators, and computers. the modern fwo-lane highways which are now being built in many rural and mountain regions. Two new computer units have greatly cries, are made for the Bureau of Pub- truck mail survey for about 1),000 increased computing capacity in the lic Roads and are used in the adminis- vehicles, and a roadside interview ori- past year. tration of federal-aid funds. gin and destination survey for autos Efficient utilization of the capacities A study to prepare. in graphical and trucks at 18 locations on the of the system requires an understand- form the physical and traffic features cordon of the 9,000 square-mile study ing of the processes and problems of of the existing traversable routes for area. the department, as well as a capable the through Interstate routes was Data from these surveys and also programming staff. To study prob- started in May 1961. This study is data from a 350,000 post card sub- lems and possible applications an ad- being made at the request of the Bu- sample (from a 1959 survey carried visory team has been established. Its reau of Public Roads. out by the City of Los Angeles) are function includes co-ordination of the Field surveys of existing geometrics, being processed and analyzed to de- activities of the computing unit to best grades, passing sight distance restric- velop complete 1960 survey data for meet the needs of headquarters and tions, and some topographic features all traffic in the study area. = A land the districts. The team also studies new for the entire state highway system, use inventory for each of about 2,500 equipment on the market and new were started in the fall of 1960. traffic zones is also currently being procedures to keep abreast of tech- The general plans or elements of a made. nological advances. general plan for all cities and counties Analysis of all the survey data is Financial Studies in the State were tabulated and sum- providing general relationships as a have been marized. The compilation of these basis for the development and testing Three continuing studies with the data was a joint project of highway of synthetic trip data to be obtained carried on in co-operation planning survey and city and co- form a series of mathematical models. Bureau of Public Roads: operative projects of the division, the The models will utilize trip generation The annual local road and street State Office of Planning of the De- factors derived from the survey data, finance report summarizes the high- partment of Finance, and the Bureau also land use data for the traffic zones, way transactions of cities, counties, of Public Roads. as a basis for projecting estimates of and special districts. traffic in future years. Recording of basic data in the road StatisTical Studies Other studies and services during life and pavement cost study has been The methodology and data proc- the year included data collection continued, and one set of tables of essing for the long-term Los An- phases of three special studies carried pavement construction and retirement geles Regional Transportation Study out primarily for the Bureau of Pub- was submitted to the Bureau of Pub- (CARTS) is a responsibility of the lic Roads—the annual truck weight lic Roads. Some 12,000 miles of rural highway planning survey. Basic sur- survey, a passenger car size classifica- .state highways are represented in the veys for the collection of traffic data tion and occupancy study, and the study. were completed in the last six months completion of a fuel consumption sur- Improvements were made in the of 1960. The surveys included a home vey of Division of Highway per- Status of Highways (State Highway interview origin and destination sur- sonnel. Log) and the Federal-Aid Log. An- vey for about 3,000 dwelling units, a A method was. developed for use of nual mileage reports were compiled "for hire" truck survey for about the computer to obtain extreme value for the Bureau of Public Roads and 2,500 trucks, a regular commercial data in the analysis (information on tabulations were provided for state use.

52 California Highways and Public Works of freeways in the Fresno metropolitan area, 226 different studies and cost estimates of separation structures were made. The economic effects of fixed rs es bridges over navigable rivers were ex- amined in a report by the U.S. Corps Division of of Engineers after its study of the pro- • The Bridge Department of the posed Sacramento River R Street Highways is under the administration of the Bridge on the West Side Freeway Assistant State Highway Engineer—Bridges and (Route 238). While the report con- is responsible for the design, construction and tained aclearance recommendation for this crossing only, it also carried eco- mainfenance of all bridges and structures on nomic data to be used later in estab- the state highway system. lishing clearances for six other future bridges between Rio Vista and Chico Landing. The Corps of Engineers is A branch office of the Bridge De- construction, although some was for conducting a navigation clearance partment is located in Los Angeles to widening or strengthening existing study for the Route 238 crossing of maintain liaison with southern area structures. Miscellaneous projects in- the Stockton Upper Channel, just districts, perform planning functions cluding flood damage repair, federal above the deep water turning basin. and supervise construction and main- aid secondary projects, maintenance, The Advance Planning Section sup- tenance of structures within these dis- and work for other agencies financed plied bridge and highway cost data tricts. All other functions, including and contracted during the fiscal year for these studies. all design work, are handled at the amounted to $22,975,000 for a grand Also investigated during the year headquarters in Sacramento. total of $132,811,000. were an offshore viaduct for U.S. 101 For purposes of administration, the Alternate near Santa Monica; the department is divided into five sections feasibility of transporting 400,000- —Planning, Operations, Special Studies, BRIDGE PLANNING pound missile boosters across bridges; Bridge Office, and Special Projects. The Problems associated with freeway and the co-ordination of the maintenance and operation of state- planning through metropolitan areas Department's participation in pre- owned toll bridges are also under the received special study emphasis. Ele- administration of the Assistant State vated and depressed alternatives were Highway Engineer—Bridges. studied for portions of the freeway Construction crews expect to compfefe work in can- system in Sacramento and for the. U.S. 7962 on this new Wesf Branch Feather River The 1960-61 state highway Bridge which is being built as part of the refoca- struction budget included $109,836,000 101 freeway through Santa Barbara. }ion of US 40 Alternate around the future Oro- worth of structure work in 86 proj- The feasibility of a two-mile freeway ville Dam and reservoir. Highway tragic wilt use the top deck, and fhe lower deck will carry rail- ects, a 4 percent increase over the tunnel on U.S. 66 in Beverly Hills road tracks. — Department of Wafer Resources preceding year. Most of this was new was explored. As part of the planning Photo paring of the interstate highway cost estimates and the state highway inventory. The 526 preliminary bridge design reports completed in the pear represented an increase of 24 percent over the previous year and approached the all-time high of 537 reached in 1956-57. Field crews from Sacramento headquarters investigated 315 bridge sites. Archefectural Bridge Design To show the interested public how freeway structures will look, 70 architectural renderings, 20 photographic retouches and eight models were produced. Many of these were displayed at public meetings or reproduced in newspapers; some were used as exhibits in legal proceedings. These devices were used to show elements of early California style architecture proposed for a freeway viaduct in Santa Barbara and to illustrate the planned landscape treatment of major interchanges in the Monterey area. The model of a proposed low level The Randolph Collier Tunnel is being drilled Through fhe mountains of Hazelview Summit on U. S. High- way 199 in Def Norte County. The funnel and approaches will eliminafe the present steep and sharply bridge across Emerald Bay, which was curving highway. exhibited at a joint meeting of the California Highway Commission and Design three different types of precast-pre- California Park Commission, had a The most interesting structure for stressed construction. The contractor removable section so that different which the design was completed selected the precast-prestressed "M" bridge styles could be viewed in during the fiscal year was tl~e Yolo section which will require 5,256 units proper setting. Causeway across the Sacramento River each 40 feet long and five feet eight inches wide. FoundaTion Section overflow on U.S. 40 near Sacramento. The $4,800,000 crossing consists of Plans were completed during the During the past year, foundations year for 43 structures on the two parallel bridges, each having a San Diego were constructed or nearly completed Freeway in Los Angeles County; for total length of 11,680 feet. The two on several large structures for which the $1,000,000 bridge across the Ee] separate foundation studies had been made in- bridge sections are 2,880 feet River on US 101 (Redwood High- cluding the West Branch Feather and 8,800 feet long, separated by a way) at Myers Flat; and for the last River Bridge, Benicia-Martinez Bridge one-mile fill. The total deck area, of the 69 structures on the US 40 (In- and the Webster Street Tube. 1,176,000 square feet, is very close to terstate 80) freeway between Weimar The exploration methods utilized in the largest ever placed under one con- and the Nevada line. The total cost making these studies were seismic, tract and by far the largest in the of all 69 bridges on the high Sierra deep water drilling requiring the use Central Valley area. freeway will be approximately $11,- of a drilling tower, shallow water The bridge is remarkable for its low 000,000. drilling from a barge, and surface substructure cost geological studies. cost. The 70 cents Bridge Construction Costs per square foot and the superstructure Practically all foundation supports Bridge construction costs, as meas- cost square foot. The for these three structures are now in X3.10 per overall ured by the Bridge Department Con- place, and field construction is being cost of $3.80 per square foot of decd struction Cost Index (base year 1939- checked against predicted foundation is the lowest since the depression days. 1940-100), closed the 1959-60 fiscal conditions. The contractor was permitted the year with a value of 244 and then This year 510 bridge structures and choice of alternative designs consist- moved to successive values of 257, 120 retaining walls, 100 feet to one ing of cast-in-place reinforced con- 249, 259, and 261 for the four quar- mile in length, were investigated. crete, precast reinforced concrete and ters of fiscal year 1960-61,

~4~ California Ffighways and Public Works BRIDGE OPERATIONS

Twenty-six bridge contracts were view Summit (Randolph Collier) MacArthur Freeway (US SO) in Oak- completed during the year at an ap- Tunnel approximately 2 %Z miles from land. About $6,200,000 in structure proximate cost of $13,117,000 which the California-Oregon line on US 199. work was done on this section during includes $2,581,000 in road work. In the year. Concrete box-girder spans the same period, approximately $28,- Metropolitan Area Freeway Structures are being used entirely on this free- In San Francisco 009,000 in structure work was com- construction started way, resulting in a pleasant conform- on the Southern pleted in 51 district contracts for an Freeway between ity of appearance and in construction overall total " of $41,126,000 on 77 Milton Street and the James Lick economies. Memorial (Bayshore) projects involving 252 structures. This Freeway along On the various freeways in the Los Alemany Boulevard. The compares with 397 structures con- project in- Angeles area, 137 structures were cludes five permanent structed in the preceding fiscal year. bridges and one completed and 372 additional struc- temporary structure, costing an This reduction in number as well as esti- tures were under construction at the mated $1,026,000, together- expenditure reflects back to very lim- with 10 end of the year. retaining walls at a cost of $1,190,000. ited advertising of work in the fall of The interchange linking the Santa In San Jose, nine 1959 and spring of 1960 under tempo- bridges and a Ana, Golden State, Santa Monica, and pumping installation, costing rary federal financing restrictions. At $1,275,- future Pomona Freeways, comprising 000 were completed at the end of the fiscal year, 185 projects the Nimitz- 33 structures, was opened to traffic. Bayshore Freeway Interchange. were under construction involving Two Four contracts on the Santa Monica Bayshore Freeway widening structures amounting to $266,905,000. projects, Freeway, totaling 4.8 miles of the via- between Mountain View This included funds for the Benicia- and San duct from the west end of the Los Jose, include 16 bridges Martinez Bridge, the West Branch of and one Angeles River Bridge to Vermont pumphouse at a total estimated Feather River Bridge and the newly cost Avenue, are well under way, of $2,139,000. and the started San Pedro-Terminal Island section between the Los Angeles Toll Bridge, as well as for projects The third and final stage of the River and the Harbor Freeway should financed from various fiscal year bud- Greenbrae Interchange project on US be completed in the next year. The gets and work on federal-aid secon- 101 in Maria County is nearing com- total low bid average of the four con- dary projects. pletion. North of San Rafael on US tracts for structure items for 3,924,- Contracts were approved for two 101, work started on Miller Creek 500 square feet of viaduct was ap- major tunnels on the state highway Road Overcrossing. proximately $25,313,000—or an aver- system: the Caldecott Tunnel on By the end of the year, construc- age of $6.45 per square foot. This State Sign Route 24 between Oakland tion has well along on four large con- very low cost may be attributed to a and Walnut Creek, and the Hazel- tracts, including 25 structures, on the high degree of standardization, dupli-

An important element in fhe future freeway system for metropolitan San Diego will be this four-level interchange which is now under construction.

November-December 1961 55 cation and very competitive bidding. The most significant factor in this low cost is the average substructure cost of only $1.20 per square foot achieved through the use of 36- and 48-inch column-piles. Acolumn-pile is a round reinforced concrete column integral with a single cast-in-drilled-hole pile the same diameter as the column. In the San Bernardino-Riverside area, 14 structures were completed on the Riverside Freeway, and 87 structures are under construction on various freeways and highways in the area. Thirteen structures were completed in the San Diego area, and 69 structures are under construction. Work is well under way on the four-level interchange structure at the junction of the San Diego and the Cabrillo Free- ways.

Other Major Projects Work on the Webster Street Tube under the Oakland Inner Harbor between Oakland and Alameda progressed to the half-way point during 1961. The total cost of the entire tube project exceeds $20,000,000. The ne~~ tube parallels the present Posey Tube, which is one block east. After the new tube is opened to traffic in the California and Arizona co-operated in the construction of this new bridge over the Colorado River near fall of 1962, the Posey Tube will be Blythe. Photo looks southeasterly into the neighboring state. closed for improvements. The two tubes will go into operation early in July 1962, after Western Pacific Rail- prepared plans for structures in 16 as a divided highway with 1963 each road lays ballast and track. of the 21 FAS projects that included carrying two lanes of one-way traffic. A bridge across the Colorado River bridge construction, and furnished At the end of the year, work was on US 60-70 near Ehrenberg was construction engineering on all but approximately 75 percent complete on completed. The State of Arizona and two of the projects. the combination highway and railroad State of California shared in its cost bridge across the west branch of the on an equal basis. Bridge Maintenance Feather River in Butte County. This Periodic field investigations were bridge will carry four lanes of high- Federal Aid Secondary Bridges made of the 6,705 bridges of the State way traffic on the top deck and a sin- The Bridge Department continued Highway System by the bridge main- gle railroad track on the bottom deck. to advise and assist the counties in all tenance section. Reports and plans The project is part of the relocation matters pertaining to bridges on were prepared for needed repairs and of the Feather River Highway (US county roads included in the Federal minor improvements. Capacity ratings 40 Alternate) and the Western Pacific Aid Secondary System. for all structures were kept up-to- Railroad around the proposed Oro- Contracts were awarded for the date. The replacement of structurally ville Dam and Reservoir. The sub- construction of 15 bridges at a total deficient bridges was scheduled. structure was completed in the fall contract cost of more than $2,000,000. Bridge maintenance work and re- of 1960 and structural steel erection Eleven additional bridges, two li:gh- was completed in late summer of 1961. way separation structures and one pairs, not including painting, cost ap- The bridge should be completed and railroad overhead, having a total proximately $450,000. A total of opened to °-highway traffic in the early structure cost of $700,000, were in- $205,000 in construction funds fi- spring of 1962. Railroad traffic is cluded in road contracts. County en- nanced other improvements and re- planned to start on a trial basis during gineering departments designed and pairs.

56 California Highways and Public Works This photograph, Taken in May, 7961, shows the pier construction which had been completed and inifiaf superstructure work underway on the Benicia- Martinez Toll Bridge across the Carquinez Strait. The existing lift-span railroad bridge is in the background.

Two timber bridges were destroyed bridges are based upon the clear width provide for more accurate forecast of by fire—one west of Blythe on US 60 of roadway between curbs plus the the needs in each area and to assist in and the other east of Amboy on US clear s~dewalk width. establishing specificatians to meet 66. Local detours were provided at these requirements. these sites pending construction of Bridge Maintenance Painting new bridges. Five maintenance painting contracts Special Studies Engineering investigations were involving nine separate structures Activity in structural research in- made as required by law and at the were completed, using the new green creased with the completion of the request of the local authorities on 40 colors. In addition, three bridges on field phase of testing on the Box city and county bridges, for the pur- US 40 near Davis were finished in Girder Research Project in Oakland. pose of establishing their load capac- green. Total allotment for the mainte- This project, to determine structural ity. Fifteen public hearings were held nance painting contracts was about characteristics of a concrete box to post 21 of these bridges for less ~19G,000. Twenty-seven new bridges girder bridge, is a joint effort of the than legal loads. were also painted under construction Division of Highways and the L7niver- New construction made it possible contracts. Painting work on the Beni- sity of California. to drop four structures from the list cia-Martinez Bridge across Carquinez During the past five years, the of bridges posted for reduced speeds. Strait and the West Branch Feather Bride Department has participated On June 30, 1961, there were three River Bridge started during the year. actively in the development and use bridges and three ferry crossings on A comparatively new device, which of electronic-computed and data proc- the State Highway System which propels small metal spheres at high essing services. In collaboration with were posted for reduced loads and 34 velocity at the steel surface, is being the Planning Survey Department, a li- posted for reduced speed. used in the fabricator's shop to clean brary of computer programs has been The accompanying list of bridges much of the steel for the Benicia- developed to serve needs peculiar to Martinez Bridge. The machine elimi- shows all structures of the state high- bridge design and constreiction. The nates labor in the cleaning process. computor way system. Structures having as- programs relate to struc- There is increased use of airless spray tural analysis and sorted types and lengths of spans are design, and mate- methods which reduces to minimum rials quantity calculations. They in- shown by number and lengths on the the paint loss through spraying. clude services for composite steel- main span, but areas have basis of the Compilation of a more complete concrete girder design, prestressed been segregated and appear under the record of the humidity range through- concrete girder design, concrete col- various type headings. Areas of out the State has been undertaken to umn analysis, moment distribution,

Noveraiber-December 196 i 57 and layout problems involving hori- zontal and vertical alignment of bridges. Studies in the fields of hy- drology, hydraulics, drainage, bridge pier scour and bank protection were continued. The new publication, "Bank and Shore Protection in Cali- fornia Highway Practice" was assem- bled and edited. An engineering library on river hydraulics and bridge engineering is maintained.

BRIDGE OFFICE ENGINEERING Bridge office engineering includes the administration and management of the various service units. A major function is the negotiation and preparation of maintenance and construction agreements with railroads in connection with construction of railroad grade crossings and grade separations.

Raiiroad Grade Crossings Construction was started, underway, or completed on 57 highway projects requiring negotiations with railroads which involved right of way en- croaehments, installation of additional crossing protection, or construction, alteration or abandonment of grade crossings. At the end of the year, negotiations were. in progress for 23 additional projects. Thirty-two projects involving upgrading of crossing protection were completed or underway. On federal-aid secondary routes, negotiations were underway or completed on 36 projects with railroad involvement. At the beginning of the year, there were SO railroad-highway grade separation structures under contract, Sev- enteen grade separation structures were completed during the year. The railroads, in .accordance with regula- tians, contributed a total of $56,000 toward the cost of two of the completed structures. Contracts were awarded for an additional 37 structures.

Construction is in progress on this new freeway bridge over the South Fork Eel River on U.S. Highway Railroads will contribute to the con- 101 in Humboldt County. struction costs of four separation structures for which contracts were awarded during the year.

58 California Highways and Public Works $5 Million Grade Crossing Fund BRIDGES ON THE STATE HIGHWAY SYSTEM SEGREGATED AS TO NUMBER, LENGTH The Public Utilities Commission is- ►ND AREA 6Y STRUCTURE TYPE, AS OF JUNE 30, 1961 sued the 1960 priority list containing Length Area 18 proposed separation structure proj- Number (feet) (square feet) Structure type ects to eliminate railroad grade cross- 1961 1960 1961 1961 Concrete arch ings on county roads and city streets. __ 240 242 39,545 892,823 Concrete girder ______In accordance with state law, $5,000,- ______.____ 1,752 1,649 363,015 21,476,139 Concrete slab ______000 in state highway funds is set aside 2,278 2,234 137,654 5,711,087 Masonry arch --__------_------_------by the Highway Commission each ------_-_---- 33 33 962 21,735 year to pay half the cost of each sep- Subtotal concrete and masonry______4,303 4,158 541,176 28,101,784 aration project after deducting the Steel arch ------5 railroad contribution. 5 1,708 26,760 Steel plate girder______.____.______339 322 178,815 6,004,254 As of June 30, 1961, allocations in Steel stringer --__------__------_------285 287 62,328 3,718,707 the amount of $4,771,000 had been Steel deck truss.______...______.______...______30 29 24,609 1,198,893 made by the Highway Commission Steel pony truss._.______32 34 10,813 179,674 from the 1960-61 fiscal year funds for Steel through truss______69 69 116,965 1,512,874 8 of the 18 projects on the PUC list. Suspension ---_--_-_------_------__------_----- 2 2 15,097 884,145 list. CMP multiplate and arch______.______67 65 1,365 45,742 SPECIAL PROJECTS Subtotal steel ______829 813 411,~U0 13,571,049 Carquinez and Benicia-MarTinez Bridges Timber arch ____.______. ____ 3 3 The new Benicia-Martinez Bridge 859 6,352 Timber stringer ______622 669 is now "out of the water" from a con- 45,310 2,229,722 Timber deck truss______.______10 10 2,753 struction standpoint, and the last ma- 39,429 Timber pony truss______1 3 jor phase of construction has been 127 2,899 Timber through truss__.______1 1 79 started. Steel truss span erection was 1,722 started in May, 1961, and the con- Subtotal timber ______637 686 49,128 2,280,124 tractor's excellent progress indicates that the bridge may be ready to open Total bridges ______.______5,769 5,657 1,002,004 43,952,957 to traffic early next summer. (190 miles) (1,009 acres) Underpasses------186 185 The structure is financed by the sale ------Overheads ~ ------223 215 of revenue bonds which were author------Combin~d bridges and overheads'______46 42 ___ ized on October 4, 1955, by the Cali- ____ State highway separations *______249 214 fornia Toll Bridge Authority in a res- Road undercrossings" ______823 738 olution authorizing the creation an of Road overcrossings ______632 561 issue not to exceed $80,000,000. Since Pedestrian undercrossings * ______155 158 this authorization, $46,000,000 in rev- Pedestrian overcrossings ______71 67 enue bonds have been sold for the Cattlepasses ~ ------84 92 construction of the new, parallel Car- -- Tunnels ------20 20 14,199 quinez Bridge, completed in 1958. The Retaining walls -__------_----_------_------_ 6 6 4,707 revenues from both structures are to Miscellaneous ______21 22 1,909 20,266 be used jointly to retire the total bond issue. Traffic across the Carquinez Total structures ______6,705 6,518 1,022,819 43,973,223 Bridge continues to increase. When Drainage pumping plants______180 178 the Benicia-Martinez Bridge is opened, Railroad grade crossings______682 720 the added toll revenue should provide * Separations so noted axe listed under structure type above. for bond retirement earlier than was Noxs: One underpass, 16 overheads, one tunnel, and one bridge and overhead also serve as state highway first anticipated. separations.

ConstrucTi~on Moving Along spans was started in May on the Mar- In addition to the substructure and Construction on the Benicia-Mar- tinez side. superstructure contracts, there were tinez Bridge has moved along quite The bridge is 6,215 feet long. There five additional contracts under way as rapidly the past year. All of the foun- are nine deep-water piers supported a part of the Benicia-Martinez Toll dation piers were completed and made on six foot diameter concrete-filled Bridge Project-the Solano County ready to receive the steel superstruc- caissons extending into bedrock about freeway approach, the Benicia Ar- ture. 130 feet belo~~ the water surface. The senal right-of-way clearance, the Con- The steel girder approach spans on main spans are steel trusses, 330 to tra Costa County freeway approach, the Martinez side were erected, and 528 feet long. The approach spans are the widening of Fscobar Street in the concrete roadway deck was steel girders supported on concrete Martinez, and the installation of toll placed. Erection of the steel truss piers. collection equipment.

Nove►nber- December 1961 59 San Pedro-Terminal Island Bridge record for the preceding year was Approaeheslmproved On February 28, 1961, the Califor- 126,865 vehicles on September 4, 1959. Dumbarton approaches were im- nia Toll Bridge Authority authorized The revenue derived from vehicu- proved to provide two 12-foot lanes a bond issue not exceeding $7,000,000 lar tolls, rent, and miscellaneous serv- with 8-foot shoulders in place of the toward the construcrion of the San ices, exclusive of interest, was $12,- former 13-foot lanes and 3-foot shoul- Pedro-Terminal Island Bridge. On 094,511. This was an increase of $201,- ders. April 11, 1961, X5,000,(}00 of this issue 520 over comparable revenue of the The Division of Ssn Francisco Bay was sold. previous year. Toll Crossings continued operations Bids were received March 22, 1961, A contract for reconstruction of the which will ultimately result in ex- for work on the substructure and Guy eastbound toll plaza was partly com- panding the traffic capacity of the San F. Atkinson was low bidder at $2,- pleted. This work, when completed, Mateo-Hayward Bridge. During the 634,040. The contract was approved will provide 17 modern toll booths, year, `vork started on construction of and work on the substructure was and all tolls will be collected from the embankments at the future toll plaza started Allay 1, 1961. driver's side of the vehicle. site, and bids were called for on con- On March 23, 1961, bids were re- Work was also under way at the end struction and reconstruction of the ceived for the steel superstructure. of the year on major repairs to the easterly portion of the trestle struc- Kaiser Steel Corporation was the suc- timber fenders which protect the ture. cessful low bidder at X11,374,000. 7'he bridge piers in the principal naviga- The lift span opexation vas con- contract was approved and work t~on channels. tinued on both bridges as required by started on May 2, 1961. The Division of Architecture com- federal law. During the year, there The San Pedro-Terminal Island pleted amodern installation to pro- were 2,201 lifts of the San Mateo- Bridge will be the first major suspen- vide a workshop, lunchroom, and Haytivard Bridge and 1,229 lifts of the sion bridge in Southern California. It cleanup faciliries for the West Bay Dumbarton Bridge. will be 6,010 feet long, spanning the painters. Maintenance costs of the San Mateo- waters of Los Angeles Harbor. The Tile Division of San Francisco Bay Hay~vard and Dumbarton Bridges suspension portion will have a central Toll Crossings continued work on the were paid from the St:1te Highway span 1,500 feet long with two side $35,000,000 remodeling which will Fund, in accordance with state law spans each 506 feet long. The remain- convert the bridge for five lanes of and the bond resolution. der of the structure will consist of one-way traffic on each deck. All outstanding bonds on both steel girder approach spans varyinD in The total amount expended during bridges `vere called during the fiscal lengths from 150-220 feet. the year on general paint maintenance year. Tolls were contimied, in ac- The bridge is scheduled for open- was $784,018.36. cordance `with law, to provide funds ing to traffic the later part of Sep- for improvement and enlargement of tember, 1963. San Mateo-Hayward and Dumbarton the San Mateo-Hayward Bridge. Bridges The total traffic on the San Mateo- Richmond-San Rafael and Carquinez STATE-OlNNED TOLL Hayward Bridge for the year was 3,- Bridges 646,253 vehicles, toll reve- The traffic total on the Richmond- B~'D~~~ and the nue amounted to X1,395,183.05. For San Rafael Bridge during the year was Saes Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge the same period, the traffic on Dum- 3,466,958 vehicles, and revenue was A record total of 39,842,155 ve- barton Bridge was 2,477,290 vehicles, X2,912,458.50. These figures represent hicles crossed the San Francisco-Oak- with a corresponding toll revenue of increases of 7.71 percent and 5.87 per- land Bay Bridge during the year. This $952,765.75. cent, respectively, over the precedinu is a gain of 3.6 percent over the previ- The temporary toll plaza facility at year. ous year. The daily average for the Dumbarton Bridge was further im- A total of 13,428,582 vehicles used year was 109,156 vehicles. proved by the addition of a protective the Carquinez Bridges during the year, The month of highest average daily canopy structure over the toll lanes. and $4,578,444.50 was collected. This traffic was June, 1961, with a new ~t the end of the year, additional im- was a traffic increase of 8.98 percent high record of 114,401 vehicles per provements to the temporary plaza over the previous year, and a revenue day. The previous high was in June, were under way to provide for a gain of 5.3 3 percent. 1960, when the daily average was fourth toll lane and the installation of A contract to stabilize hinges on the 110,411 vehicles. New high figures electronic toll collection equipment. Carquinez interchange structure was for a single day's traffic were est~b- The fourth lane will make available completed during April, 1961. This lished on three successive occasions two traffic lanes in both directions. work involved placing tie rods diag- during the fiscal year—first on August This improvement was made neces- onally across the hinges to reduce 26, 1960, with 127,803 vehicles, then sary by steadily increasing traffic, plus transverse movement. Rods were on May 12, 1961, with 129,140 ve- the need for additional time to permit placed across the three hinges where hicles, and finally on June 16, 1961, an embankment to settle at the site the bridge is on a curve and the with 131,826 vehicles. The highest of the permanent toll plaza. movement was the greatest.

.t California Highways and Public Works e

On November 12, 1961, the San 110,000 vehicles, on peak days as San Francisco at the time of her con- Francisco-Oalrland Bay Bridge cele- many as 133,000. When current re- struction. brated her silver anniversary, marking construction work is completed, she The timber used during her con- 25 years of traffic service which has will be able to carry many more in struction was enough to building 3,000 long since earned for her the title of five lanes (one way) on each deck. five-room houses, enough for a town "Main Street of the Bay Area." Yes, the 25-year-old matron has of 15,000 people. There can be little doubt about her come of age and then some. What's Statistics aside, one thing is certain. right to the title. On or about her more, after all this time her statistics After all these years it is still difficult 25th birthday the 650,000,OOOth vehi- are still: impressive. for a Californian and especially a Bay cle crossed over one of her two levels area resident to Hands down, she's still the longest repress a feeling of of decks bound either from the East pride when he gazes upon high-level bridge in the world—eight the mighty Bay to San Francisco or the other way and a quarter miles. structure across the bay which still around. holds a place among the wonders of The top of her highest tower is 519 Now, that's quite a few cars. It's the modern world. feet above the water; her deepest pier enough to extend bumper to bumper is 242 feet below water level. from here to the moon nine and a The length of all her cable wire PHOTO ABOVE—A night shot of the Bay Bridge half times. Not only has she born the looking west toward the San Francisco skyline brunt of commuter traffic across the totals 70,000 miles. from the Treasure Island Turnoff on Yerba Buena bay, she is also the The Island. PHOTO BELOW—Perhaps more typical of western end of two concrete and reinforcing steel the Bay Bridge in the memory of most Californians trancontinental highways, US 40 and in her were enough to rebuild all the is this phofo taken some years ago while some US 50. On an average day she carries large of the ferries were still plying the Bay. San office buildings in downtown Francisco is in the background.

~;.

~~ f~ ,^~~

~~ r f~

(~ 3 x~y'4 ~i,.

processes. examination examination the the of of some some in in

staff division division by by participation participation greater greater

with reviewed, reviewed, been been have have procedures procedures

and needs needs Examination Examination appropriate. appropriate.

where Board Board Personnel Personnel State State the the to to

submitted been been have have needs needs salary salary on on

data Pertinent Pertinent changes. changes. for for necessary necessary

reviewed been been have have accountants accountants and and

assistants, office office field field communications, communications,

series, agent agent -way -way -of right collectors, collectors,

as as toll such such classifications, classifications, Other Other

engineers. fessional fessional

of of pro- utilization utilization the the promote promote to to cate cate

certifi- training training -in- engineer an an of of sion sion

posses- or or training training engineering engineering require require

to amended amended were were classes classes gineering gineering

en- other other for for qualifications qualifications action, action,

this with with conjunction conjunction In In series. series. testing testing

physical and and bridge, bridge, highway, highway, the the in in

level assistant assistant the the at at classes classes gineering gineering

en- nonprofessional nonprofessional were were these these among among

Primary adopted. adopted. were were specifications specifications

class revised revised or or classifications classifications new new of of

number a a conditions, conditions, job job changing changing or or

needs recruitment recruitment meet meet to to order order In In

Classification Position Position

classes. clerical clerical

and accounting, accounting, service, service, administrative administrative

schedules.

closing closing

in employees employees

2,648 2,648 and and

maintenance, maintenance,

division.

by by used used the the

inform inform fo fo motorists motorists of signs signs posted posted are are Time, Time, and and

in in equipment

468 468

agents, agents, -way -way -of right

ahead ahead of

always always delays delays publicized publicized are are pated pated classifications

the the

of of a a

of of number number ing ing

Anfici-

necessary. necessary. delays delays are are long long provided provided and and 552 employees, employees, 3,845 3,845 maintenance maintenance also also

and and

updat-

changes changes

result result in in audit audit will will be

cannot cannot this this detours detours courtesy courtesy when when appreciate appreciate

were

end, end,

there there

year's year's 7,908. 7,908. At At of of

motorists Highways Highways that that has has of of

found found

Division Division

This made. made. jobs jobs was was of of

the the 20 20 percent percent

fora fora total 960 960 of of increase increase

approximate approximate 466. 466.

US US The on on a a delay delay for for tragic tragic reasons reasons

of of

approximately

sampling sampling A A divisions. divisions.

explains explains the a a which which leaflet leaflet A A hands hands out out Ragman Ragman with with an staff, staff, engineering engineering the the was was in in

the

in in

positions positions the the

of of

fication fication audit audit

this of of Most Most year. year. the the during during 15,421 15,421

classi- staff staff a a in in Board Board Personnel Personnel State State 14,05? 14,05? to from from increased increased division division

with participated participated Office Office Personnel Personnel of of the total total personnel personnel the the program, program,

the part part the the last last of of During During year, year, the the 150 150 tours, tours, appointments highway approximately approximately the the expanded expanded of of Because Because

these result result of of As As a a civil civil engineers. engineers.

PE1t50PINEL for for junior program program wide wide recruitment recruitment

nation- Board Board the the ticipate ticipate in in Personnel Personnel

to to has has par- continued continued division division The The

Information Public Public and and of of Personne{ Personne{ charge charge in in program.

engineer the the of of in in the the the participation participation direction direction expected expected under under their their administratively administratively

on given given information information were were employees employees

grouped are are information information public public and and visual, visual, -

audio

and and all this this in in process, process, trained trained were were

safety, training, training, personnel, personnel, of of functions functions The The • •

needs. needs. All All supervisors the the division's division's

to to was was meet tailored tailored installed, installed, program program

employee employee and and development appraisal appraisal

~~~

0~~~ 0~~~

a a year year new new performance the the During During

policies. and and overtime overtime vacation, vacation, and and

leave sick sick conditions, conditions, working working tions, tions,

as as communica- supervision, supervision, subjects subjects

such on on opinion opinion of of employee employee sampling sampling ne arson arson • •

a by by also also conducted conducted was was ventory ventory

in- management management a a audit, audit, personnel personnel tion tion

classifica- the the with with conjunction conjunction In In

Recruiting and and ManagemenT ManagemenT Personnel Personnel were made during the fiscal year. This ices of the electronic data processing ciplinary suspensions and one discipli- number, however, was not sufficient to section for record keeping purposes. nary demotion. meet the needs created by increased This program is now being expanded, A total of 111 employees retired, work load and normal turnover. Ad- and it is expected that additional per- making a total of 1,641 who have re- ditional recruiting efforts, both in sonnel records will tired from the division. One hundred California and be automated. on a nationwide scale, 25-year awards were given with ap- are being During the year, 27 employees undertaken. propriate ceremonies, making a total were dismissed (five with permanent of 1,984 since the program started. statistics status, 22 with temporary status). During the year, 65 visitors froth 17 For some time the Personnel De- Eight were rejected during the pro- foreign countries were given training partment has been utilizing the serv- bationary period. There were 28 dis- and information.

TRAINING ACTIVITIES The Division of Highways training nation of agency training needs is course has also been developed and in- program encompasses activities de- co-ordinated with the supervisory ap- stalled for supervisors of clerical per- signed to meet agency needs by de- praisal of each employee's perform- sonnel. veloping employee and managerial ance. Division personnel took part in the proficiency and talent. Supervisors and employees analyze annual interagency management con- During the year there were 174,100 the employee's performance and rec- ference and in the regional middle man-hours of training in the major ommend the development activities management conferences. Individual areas of orientation, supervision and necessary to gain maximum use of the managers also participated in special management, technical and profes- employee's potential. All managers interagency management development sional, safety, maintenance, and cleri- and supervisors participated in small- courses. cal. Most training was on state time, group training sessions covering the Total supervisory and management but there was a substantial amount on new program. training time was 18,166 man-hours. the employees' own time. There were A 70-hour supervisory course for Professional 27,002 hours of instructors' time. and Technical first-line supervisors in engineering, Professional and technical training right-of-way, and administration was Supervision and Management amounted to 100,742 man-hours in developed and tested. It includes both district- and headquarters-origi- A new employee appraisal and de- planned home study, action assign- nated programs. Training programs velopment plan was placed in opera- ments, and ~~orkshop discussion meet- covered such subjects as right-of-way tion. L7nder the plan, the determi- ings. A 16-hour supervisory training negotiations, drainage design in high-

Training sessions on "Procedures, Testing Methods and Use of Materials for Highway Purposes" were held during the year. The Division of Highways conducts extensive fraining programs for employees at all levels.

November-December 1961 63

64 64 Highways Highways Public Public California California and and Works

1955

o.SC

i.oc

1.3~

15a

FREQUENCY VEHICLE VEHICLE ACCIDENT ACCIDENT MOTOR MOTOR INJURY INJURY PERSONAL PERSONAL FREQUENCY ACCIDENT ACCIDENT

activities. activities. to to ac- 15,044 of of driving driving reports reports total total reduced appropriate appropriate A A been been determine determine surance surance have have costs costs which which

accident these these and and his in in monthly monthly compensate compensate in- meets meets is is limitations limitations reviews reviews tion tion for for compensation compensation in in indicated indicated

staff staff of of his his of of so so committee posed posed reduc- The The The The limitations limitations accident accident officials. officials. personal personal could he he the the of of effect effect

com- has has or or himself himself for for advised safety safety a a be be determine determine mostly mostly 15,566 15,566 committee, committee, 1961. in in of of June June

district district were were to department the the major major in in for for and and 5,500 5,500 to designed designed Each Each employee employee 1941 1941 employees employees from from

of vision, vision, time. time. increase increase an an reaction reaction by by and and tests These These accompanied accompanied been been venrion.

has frequency frequency in in perception, perception, The The 1960. 1960. peripheral peripheral color reduction reduction vision, vision, pre- advise advise accident accident on on employees employees and and

to to to to has has tests tests in rate rate 14.62 14.62 visual visual This This reduced reduced determine determine depth been been acuity, acuity, accidents They They vention. vention. investigate investigate

49.85. was was rate rate accident accident the the 1941, 1941, and and In In run, run, observation observation psychological. pre- fire fire and and health, health, safety, safety, to to relative relative

a a of of program. lishment lishment safety safety a a road of of formal formal a a sisted sisted lecture, lecture, -hour -hour three regulations with with compliance compliance on on check check

estab- the the since since accidents accidents in in reduction reduction training training driver driver con- The The program program also They They devices. devices. protective protective and and

continuous continuous yearly almost almost an an shown shown programs recommend recommend and and plinary plinary safety safety action. tions tions

has Highways Highways of of The The Division Division investiga- or or vilege vilege make make state state a a driving driving supervisors supervisors of of disci- car, car, Safety Safety

program. the the of of fecriveness fecriveness the the of of training, training, pri- basis. additional additional time time removal removal

determine determine to to ef- and and the the piled, piled, used used vehicle vehicle record, part- a a of of on on driving driving supervisors supervisors motor motor safety safety their their have have also also

com- are are rates rates severity severity and and Frequency Frequency are are accidents accidents and and review to to more more Departments subject subject Equipment Equipment search search

Injury Injury Experience. Work Work Measuring Measuring Re- and and who who Materials Materials Supply, Supply, or employees employees three three Older Older have have and and Service Service

and Recording Recording of of Method Method Standards Standards Bridges, previous previous Toll Toll record record driving driving State reviewed. -owned -owned partment, partment,

the the

to to American according according ported ported De- Bridge Bridge his his are are and and The The course course time. time. the the of of their given given have have -half -half one

Accidents Accidents re- are are

prepared. prepared. reports reports for function function this this to to employees in in New New driving. driving. assigned assigned defensive defensive ployee ployee

statisrical annual annual and and monthly monthly coded coded em- an an has has district district remaining remaining a a owned owned had had now now have have vehicle vehicle course The The

are

equipment equipment or or

personnel personnel Highways Highways districts. 10 10 in in who who supervisors supervisors state- a a All All drive drive employees employees safety safety as as

of Division Division involving involving vehicle, vehicle, motor motor

designated are are employees employees -time -time

Full

mileage total total

and industrial industrial both both

accidents, accidents, All All

volved.

X X

accidents accidents recordable recordable 100,000) (number (number of of

Aecidenfs

Occupational Occupational in- be be may may equipment equipment -owned -owned

state

formula, the the by by termined termined

month. each each where meets meets accidents accidents vehicle vehicle motor motor which which mittee, mittee,

prevent prevent

de- as as of of rate rate frequency frequency a a had had .72 .72 and and

Com- Safety Safety and injuries, injuries, Division Division the the for for and and briefed briefed accidents accidents

dustrial dustrial

31,807,148 31,807,148 miles generated generated Highways Highways

are accidents accidents of of type type and and prevent prevent to to number number the the in-

information, information,

statistical statistical

the the of Division Division year, year, the the During During

on statistical statistical and and

minutes minutes information information useful obtain obtain to to methods, methods, vention vention

Training Driver Driver

safety safety district district meeting monthly monthly The The pre- accident accident develop develop to to designed designed is is

1960. 0.28 0.28 in in payroll payroll of of $100 $100 per per ..action. to to disciplinary disciplinary recommend recommend Highways of of the the Division Division of of program program

1950 payroll payroll of of $100 $100 per per 0.58 0.58 in in from from may and and recurrence recurrence prevent prevent to to tion tion prevention accident accident statewide statewide The The

SAFETY EMPLOYEE EMPLOYEE

appraisal, estate estate real real courses courses on on cial cial methods.

spe- in in participated participated also also accounting Employees Employees machine machine and and counting, counting,

training. special special ac- job job for for construction construction as as such such fields fields

dure. institutions educational educational to to sent sent were were in programs programs new new agency agency establish establish help help

electric electric proce- welding welding and and pervision pervision employees instances, instances, In In some some pating. pating. to used used also also was was training training Formal Formal

su- vehicle vehicle fleet fleet motor motor maintenance, maintenance, 644 644 partici- engineers engineers with with continued, continued, engineering. -way -way -of right and and

vehicle engineering, engineering, traffic traffic of of tals tals engineers civil civil junior junior for for program program electricity, automotive automotive crete crete paving, paving,

fundamen- processing, processing, data data electronic electronic rotation -year -year two compulsory compulsory The The con- cement cement portland portland practice, practice, way way were provided this defensive driver training. o Q~ COMPENSATION INSURANCE PAYMENTS PER $100 OF PAYROLL Fire Prevention The Safety Section continues to 0 promote meetings throughout the State where fire extinguishers are dem- onstrated and employees are given an opportunity to practice with them. Fire protection equipment most appropriate to different types of fire are stressed.

Employee Suggestion Program The Merit A~~ard Program (both employee suggestions and work improvement proposals) within the Divi- sion of Highways is handled by the Safety Section. Work of this activity for the fiscal year 1960-61 is summarized as follows: Total number cf suggestions (including WIP's) processed 960 Total cash awards ______160 Total amount of cash awards $4,150.00 Total number of certificates 1960 of commendation awarded 97 Total estimated savings resulting $41,500.00

AllD10-VISUAL The audio-visual section assists and a wide variety of technical engi- The staff of the section has recently headquarters departments and the dis- neering and construction operations is prepared slide presentations on "Pre- tricts in producing graphic or sound kept up to date. Audio-visual equip- stressing Concrete," "Management De- recording aids for personnel training velopment," "Data Processing," and ment is made available for use by or public information uses. "Slip Form Construcrion." It has also A large collection of colored slides headquarters or district personnel in completed a filmstrip on "Embank- covering statewide highway scenes training or public presentations. ment Construction."

PUBLIC INFORMATION Wide public interest in California's porting progress in freeway and other of shrubs and plantings used, so that highway program continued through- highway construction. The various the viewer could identify the actual out the fiscal year. Extensive use was districts co-operated with news media plants with the photographs. made by the press and other media of in presenting the highway picture on Publ9cations both routine and special news releases. the local level. Many inquiries by specialist writers The division continued State Fair The bimonthly magazine Calif oynia were answered and a large number of exhibits in 1960 and 1961 after this Highz.vczys and PZtblic Works con- photographs made available. activity was resumed in 1959. The tinued as the principal publication of 1961 exhibit was in the educational the Department of Public Works and Special Events area opposite the Hall of Flowers and the Division of Highways. While its main distribution is in California to The Division of Highways joined featured the landscaping of freeways. employees of the division and other with other high`vay departments In the foreground of an exhibit space interested persons, there was a grow- throughout the nation in observing measurinb 36 x 10 feet was a model ing demand for it in other states and National Highway Week May 21-27, of a city section of landscaped free- foreign countries. Numerous articles as proclaimed by President Kennedy way and on the rear wall enlarged from the magazine were reprinted, and supported in a statement by Gov- color photographs of existing freeway and many photographs were furnished ernor Brown. Wide use was made of sections. Ribbons from the photo- to editors and writers for foreign and a special statewide news release re- graphs keyed the planting to 12 types domestic publications.

November-December 1961 65 Public information material issued tion about freeways and route Highway Commission totaled 90 dur- in published form included, in addi- adoption procedures, widely used ing the fiscal year, of which 3 3 were tion to regional material prepared by at district public meetings (re- accompanied by maps specially pre- the various districts: printed in 1961). pared for newspaper reproduction. Due advance publicity was given five • —"California Highways-1960", a o —Reprints of articles and district public hearings scheduled by the com- 12-page illustrated roundups published in Calif ornict reprint from mission. Calif orniir Highzuczys and Public High~zvcrys and Public Works, used Works magazine constituting a con- as informational mailing pieces to Other News Releases and Media Contacts cise, nontechnical version of the answer a wide range of inquiries. The conrinued expansion of the division's annual report. • —"Clip Sheet", which provides in- California highway program was re- • —"California's Freeway Planning formation for use in employee pub- flected in the quantity and scope of Team", a leaflet prepared princi- lications issued by each district and news releases issued by the division, pally for the use of legislators and some headquarters departments, as with a continued increase in this public service organizations in ex- desired by the respective editors. activity in the various districts. A plaining highway planning proce- large number of photographs of high- • —"Report to the Governor", a dures. way projects were supplied to news- monthly summary of important papers and magazines on request, par- • —"California Roadsides", a 38-page developments in the work of the ticularly on major freeway projects. reprint of four articles on land- Department of Public Works, in- Information on the highway pro- scaping and functional planting tended for the information of de- gram was also issued through tele- which appeared in California High- partment heads in state government phone calls, office interviews, corre- and the press. waysand Public Works, plus an ex- spondence and appearances by divi- haustive list of suitable plants. Route Considerations sion personnel on radio and television • —"Freeway Facts", an illustrated News releases on routings consid- programs, and before local civic or- booklet containing basic informa- ered and acted on by the California ganizations and service clubs.

Traffic is now using this recently completed expressway bypass of San Recently completed section of the Golden State Freeway (US 6-99) in the Juan Bautista on State Sign Route 156. The new route replaced the vicinity of Burbank, which will be part of the future "loop bypass" around former highway (left) through the center of town. the. central district of Los Angeles. sive damages or because the remain- ders were too small or irregularly shaped to be developed economically as individual parcels. The department has combined many small and irregularly shaped parcels and by this process has returned many desirable sites ~ The Right-of-Way Department appraises and to public use. Relocation of utility facilities to ac- acquires property required for state highway commodate proposed highway con- purposes; manages such properly in the precon- struction, is the responsibility of the sfruction period, end arranges $or the removal or right-of-way department, Relocation relocation of improverr~ents and utility facilities costs have increased appreciably in the past 15 years. During the year, 641 to clear the right-of-way. It also handles appraisals, state-utility owner transactions for re- negotiations, and purchases for the Department location totaled nearly $22,000,000.

of Vi/ater Resources and tl~e State Public Works Acquisition Policy Board. There was an average of 517 individuals Acquisition of properties is based working in right-of-way classes during the year. on the undeviating policy that all owners be allowed sufficient time. to consider the settlement offer and to During 1960-61, the right-of-way Excess Land and Utility Relocation make arrangements to relocate with a department completed 9,293 property Excess lands not required for right- minimum of hardship. A request for transactions involving a total expendi- of-way purposes are returned to pri- resolution of condemnation is not pre- ture of $159,719,779.30. Of these vate productivity and tax rolls as soon transactions, 8,305 involved acquisi- as possible. During the year, 698 par- tions for highway right-of-way, 641 cels of excess land were sold or ex- Freeway is now being built on U. S. Highway 101 were for utility relocations, and 347 changed. These excess parcels were through Ventura. The project includes a new other state bridge over the Ventura River (top center) at the for other uses, such as for acquired to avoid payment of exces- norfhWest city limit. agencies. The distribution of the total expenditures is as follows: Highway right-of-way_._ $129,847,62912 Utility relocation to clear highway right-of-way 9,032,728.30 Acquisition other than right-of-way (primarily lands purchased for other state agencies) 8,404,02536 Overhead (total—including right-of-way activities, land management, right-of-way clearance, fees for title services and administration) __ 12,435,396.52

Land Management This phase of the department's operation included the leasing of 7,475 properties during the interim period between acquisition and clearance of rights-of-way and also- included the sale of improvements and excess properties. The fiscal year produced a gross return to the State Highway Fund of $12,622,682, which is an increase of $604,166, or 4.8 percent, over the preceding fiscal year.

Noverraber-December 1961 This February photo shows heavy grading on the route of fhe San Diego Freeway through fhe Santa Monica Mountains in Los Angeles County. The project requires massive excavations. Bridge in background will carry Sepulveda Boulevard over the future freeway. sented to the California Highway occupational fields—appraising, acqui- Continuing projects of the land eco- Commission until it is clear that a rea- sirion, property management, and economic studies section include exami- sonable time for deliberation and deci- nomic analysis of data pertaining to nations and tabulations of the effects sion has been afforded the property community development. of right-of-way acquisition .and free- owner. During this year, the right-of-way way construcrion upon adjoining par- Despite pressures of meeting con- department lost 53 experienced agents, cels and lands; the personal and com- struction schedules, the time allowed or approximately 10 percent of its to- munity effects of the displacement of for the process of appraisal and nego- tal personnel. This percentage loss has people and homes from within the tion must be sufficient to permit de- been constant for the past five years. right-of-way areas; the effects upon termination of fair market value. Since it takes about three years for business caused by diversion of traffic even the most qualified new agent to to new freeway bypasses; and the ef- Acquisition ~flllethods attain the associate or journeyman fects of freeway construction upon The department will not pexmit level, it is apparent that the depart- various communities and regions. "horse trading" in negotiations for ment is forced to carry an extremely During the past year, studies were the purchase of properties. The de- high percentage of new and inexperi- begun in 15 California towns bypassed partment's fair market value one-price enced personnel. This group requires by new freeway facilities. Reports on policy was established many years ago constant and intensive training. 22 separate freeway projects were re- to protect the interests of the prop- During 1960-61, it was necessary to ceived and analyzed in the continuing erty owners, as well as the State, and devote more than 15,000 classroom remainder parcel study which deals especially those owners who may be and -home study hours to right-of-way with property from which a portion unfamiliar or inexperienced in real instruction. This includes attendance was acquired, leaving a remainder out- estate transactions and values. at colleges and universities, as well as side the right-of-way limits. Agricul- The effectiveness of these policies instruction by staff members. tural land research was continued. and methods is evident from the ratio (Results of remainder parcel studies of negotiated settlements to contested Land Economic Studies and agricultural land research were court cases. During the fiscal year, of The land economic studies section reported during the year in Calif oynic~ the 8,305 parcels acquired, only 208, is the basic research branch of the Highways and Public Works, the offi- or 2.5 percent, were secured through right-of-way department. Its,, major contested eminent domain proceed- cial journal of the Division of High- assignment is to document the effects ings. ways.) construction. This is done of freeway Investigation of what happens to Personnel for four reasons: to furnish material people, homes, and businesses dis- The major problem still confront- for public guidance; to improve the contin- ing the right-of-way department in accuracy of the appraisal process; to placed by a freeway was also accomplishing its extensive land ac- permit the relation of engineering fac- ued. The first report on this study was quisition program is the serious short- tors to public requirements; and to in- issued in 1960. Additional data for abe of experienced personnel with crease the effectiveness of negotia- further study were obtained this year knowledge and abilities in four major tions. in Merced and Modesto.

68 Ce~lifornia Highways and Public Works Highways Code Section 100.2 was valid. The appellant argued that the agreement involving closing of city streets by the construction of a free- •ed way could only have been made after notice and where procedures, prescribed by other statutes, had been • The Division of Contracts and Rights-of-Way is the followed. The court, however, ruled that such formalities need not be fol- legal division for the Department of Public Works lowed under Streets and Highways and renders a variety of legal services to the Code Section 100.2. The appellant's department, its Division of Highways and the motion for a hearing by the Supreme Highway Commission. Court was denied. In each of the above appellate decisions the department was successful in the appellate courts. Several other Some idea of the volume of con- and demand, to do the work. The de- cases are pending before the Supreme demnation casework is given by the partment may recover the reasonable Court and the district courts of appeal, following tabulation: (The parcel cost of the relocation when the either awaiting argument or decision. count is based on a count of parcels owner's rights are subordinate to those in condemnation resolutions.) of the public. The case is significant Other Litigation Suits filed 458 in two other respects. First, the relo- In addition to the condemnation Parcels involved 2,930 cation in question, undertaken by the proceedings, the department's attor- Defendants involved 12,222 department's forces, was in a county neys have handled a large number of Suits closed __ ___ 233 highway. Second, the court stated that miscellaneous cases. The following Trials --_-_-__-- _-__------223 Uncontested judgments ______165 if a utility having a franchise can be tabulation covers a wide variety of Suits pending 6-30-61— 684 compelled to move its pipes at its own litigation and indicates the immense Parcels pending 6-30-61 3,069 expense, "then cz foytiori one having increase in this phase of the division's There was a notable increase in suits no franchise (and no prior easement) work. filed as compared with the previous can be so compelled." At the start of the fiscal year, there fiscal year—a 35 percent increase from The case of As~snas v. Caty of Oczk- were 526 cases pending, another 526 298 suits to 458. The total suits closed, lc~nd affirmed the judgment of the cases were filed during the year, for a 2 3 3, represented total awards of Superior Court of Alameda County. total of 1,052 cases being processed. $11,811,421.09 and represented 1,050 The appellate court held that the free- days in court. way agreement between the California Department of Public Works and the Contractor's crews are carving a new route for Appellate Cases over Summit in County City of Oakland under Streets and U.S. 395 Conway Mono to During the fiscal year many appel- replace the present steep and curving highway. late court briefs `were prepared by the division and appeals argued. Decisions have been rendered in People v. Keli- gian, 182 Cal. App. (2d) 771 (6 Cal. Rptr. 680); Arenas v. City of Oakland, 183 Cal. App. (2d) 137 (6 Cal. Rptr. 750); People v. Her~yy, 193 A.C.A. 526 (14 Cal. Rptr. 456); Peoplc v. Symons, 54 Cal. (2d) 855 (9 Cal. Rptr. 363, 357 P. 2d 451); People v. Mzayc~ta, 55 Cal.(2d) 1,(9 Cal. Rptr. 601, 357, P. 2d 833). The cases of People v. SyYnons and People v. Murata were the subject of an article in the September-October 1961 issue of Calif ornfc~ High~zvays ctncl Public Works magazine. The case of People v. Henry, decided by the First District Court of Appeal, is a square holding that the Department of Public Works may un- dertalce a utility facility relocation when the owner refuses, after notice

November-December 1961 There were 3 34 cases closed during In addition to formal applications, cision greatly expanded the potential the year, leaving 636 cases pending on 10 proceedings under PUC General liability of the State, particularly for June 30, 1961. Some of these cases Order 88 relaring .to crossings at grade accidents arising out of the dangerous involved claims for damage to state were processed. In all instances the or defective condition of state high- highway facilities, such as bridges, approval of the PUC must be obtained ways. The 1961 Session of the 1egis- signals, guardrails, or damage to state as to engineering detail and, in the lature enacted Chapter 1404 which, in vehicles, or unlawful detainer actions. event of a failure to reach an agree- effect, reinstates the immunity of the During the fiscal year collections in ment with the railroad involved as to State from liability for a period of these cases by the Legal Division apportionment of cost, the applicant two years. This legislation still per- amounted to $165,960.84. seeks such determination by the PUC. mits the filing of claims against the A substantial portion of this amount A recent enactment by the Legislature State but merely postpones the. actual is due to the collection by the State has set up a new formula for appor- litigation. This enactment will neces- for damage to the San Mateo-Hay- tionment of cost except for federal- sitate the careful investigation by dis- ward Bridge caused when the S.S. Pt. aid highways. This has substantially trict personnel of all claims. It is Reyes struck the bridge on November reduced the number of contested anticipated that because of the Mus- 17, 1959. cases. kopf decision the number of claims The case total includes many cases will increase substantially. Board of Control and Other Claims where the department was represented Contractors' claims before the State as a defendant, such as inverse con- Claims against the State by reason Highway Engineer's Board of Review demnation proceedings for damage to of the activities of the department are for additional compensation have in- property by reason of the state high- filed with the State Board of Control. ereased notably. These claims have re- way operations, suits by contractors The following tabulation illustrates quired considerable work, both in the for additional compensation on con- the volume of work handled by the studying and handling of the claims struction contracts, and suits filed be- department's attorneys before the as ~~ell as resulting litigation. Directly cause of alleged dangerous and de- State Board of Control: proportional to the number of board fective condition of state highways, Nuynber Amounts of review hearings is the increased and suits for injunction against the of ol~tin2s of clams number of lawsuits. against the depart- State and its contractors enjoining the. Pending 7-1-60 _____ 81 $3,149,792.58 ment arising out of construction con- Filed 193 construction and building of high- 7,175,284.12 tract claims. As of June 30, 1961, 12 Totals ______ways. And still other types of suits, 274 '10,325,076.70 lawsuits against the State were pend- such as stop notice actions. The de- Disposed of __ ---___ 178 5,590,ll6.61 ing involving damages totaling $2,- Pending 6-30-61 __ partment has filed interpleader actions 96 $4,734,960.09 120,483.52. in which it assumes a neutral position There was an increase of 65 iclaims between the contractor and claimant. filed over the previous fiscal year House Counsel Work which amounted to $3,051,276.10. The The "house counsel work" of the Proceedings Before PUC principal types of board of control division has also shown a decided in- The division handles matters before claims as listed above are for negli- crease. This work consists largely of the Public Utilities Commission hav- gence, breach of contract and inverse legal opinions. directed toward pre- ing to do with both crossings of grade condemnation. venting litigation rather than engaging at highways and railroads, and the Other claims filed with the depart- in litigation after damage has oc- construction of grade separations. The ment employees and the governor curred. volume following table indicates the numbered 38, an increase of six over Also, other routine work has in- of work handled by the division in the previous fiscal year. creased, such as approval of contracts this category: The primary reason for the increase and leases, reviewing forms and acci- Applications pending 7-1-60 ______13 in the number of claims filed is due dent reports. This work is directly New applications filed 34 in a large part to the recent decision proportional to the increased volume Total applications before PUC.__ 47 of the California Supreme Court in of the highway program. In addition, Decisions received 34 the case of Muskopf v. Corning Hos- there were six contested hearings be- Applications pending 6-30-61.______- 8 pital Dist. Assn., 55 A.C. 216. This de- fore the State Personnel Board.

70 California Highways and Public Works r

Electronic Dafa Processing As a result of pilot studies in several districts, it was decided to begin using electronic data • ~~o d/1 I I I 1 processing equipment on a statewide basis to analyze costs as to source, activity and object of expenditure in much greater detail. ~ Administration of all accounting and internal In connection with this program, audit activities of the Division of Highways is under accounting machines were purchased and installed in the district offices. the direction of the Comptroller of the These machines are now being used Department of Public Works and his sfafl'•. to post the allotment ledgers from the cost distribution documents. The machines also produce a punched tape On June 30, 1961, cash and secur- To facilitate accounting and im- which is processed at headquarters ities on hand amounted to $144,915,- prove project cost records, construc- office to produce punched cards. The 679, with $112,545,590 being invested tion engineering costs have been in- cards are used in other machines to in United States Government obliga- cluded in project fund allotments, obtain a comprehensive and elaborate tions. On the same date, there were eYCept on major construction on state analysis of costs for management and outstanding budgetary obligations of highways. The major projects were other purposes. $357,903,753, of which $68,017,813 excluded from the change, to avoid Procedural and coding manuals were advance obligations of the 1961- tying up large amounts of money on were published setting forth the 62 fiscal year. projects of long duration. changes in the cost distribution pro- Cash and securities on hand de- Separate control accounts were es- cedure required and prescribing a sys- creased $20,473,993 during the year tablished for county highway con- tem of codes to be used in analyzing and budgetary obligations increased struction, emergency damage repair expenditures. $77,866,672, indicating a considerable on local roads, and work for other Training sessions were held to in- acceleration in the highway construc- agencies to provide readily available struct personnel in the use of the man- tion program. information of the volume of such uals and the new machines and to work and to promote improved func- acquaint district accounting officers Revenue and Expenditures tional analysis of expenditures. with the requirements and possibilities Revenues budgeted for 1961-62 fis- of electronic data processing methods. cal year amounted to $597,593,268, of Control accounts were changed to include separate figures on highway which $216,875,742 remained to be Concurrent Audit Program planning costs financed from federal collected on June 30, 1961. Collection Initial steps have been taken in con- aid funds and other funds. Provision of the revenue not received, which junction with the United States Bu- consists of $210,139,614 of federal aid was also made for charging costs of reau of Public Roads to establish a and $6,736,127 of contributions from special investigations and studies, not "concurrent audit" program. The ob- state and local agencies and other related to highway planning, to ad- jective of the program is to improve sources, will be made as work against ministration accounts. the accounting system through the which the amount applies is completed Procedures were instituted to ac- development of uniform cost distribu- or billed. Revenues budgeted for the count for amounts retained on con- tion methods and internal review and prior fiscal year amounted to $652,- tract payments as project charges and internal audit procedures 699,954, the decrease in the 1961-62 so that cost liabilities, in better fiscal year being caused by a smaller order to show the records may be accepted by the bu- apportionment of federal funds. current status of project expenditures reau without detailed audit and sub- Expenditures and obligations in- and obligations. j ect only to continuous tests as to curred during the fiscal year ended Revisions were made in the ac- compliance with the procedures pre- June 30, 1960 amounted to $676,123,- counting procedures for maintaining scribed. Attainment of the objective 729, as compared to $580,464,870 for and operating traffic signals and inrer- will facilitate and expedite the collec- the prior fiscal year. section lighting in co-operation with tion of federal aid funds, with a con- Accounting Procedures other agencies, for the distribution of siderable decrease in effort on the part Several improvements acid revisions vacation, sick leave and retirement of the division and the bureau, and in accounting procedures were made costs to projects, and for record keep- will result in an over-all betterment in during the year. ing on construction projects. the accounting system.

Nove►nber- December 1461 71

72 72 California California Highways Highways and and Public Public Works

through through highways, highways, replace replace some some out- roads, roads, $1,414,500. locations.

freeways freeways in in our our cities cities and and on on major of of urban urban extensions extensions county of of FAS FAS calls calls for for such such at at planting planting appropriate

"It "It build build will will many many needed urgently urgently funds funds and and state state to to part part cost pay pay the the of of Highway Highway Commission Commission last last June June which

engineering engineering funds funds $1,500,000; to to cities, cities, a a result result able able funds. policy policy of of a a adopted adopted by by the

streets streets local local and and X5,000,000; roads, roads, for for the the most most projects projects effective effective are are listed listed use use for for of of the the as first first time, time, all all avail-

railroad railroad grade grade on separation separation projects projects ford ford 178,500 178,500 said, said, is is "that "that this this budgeted. budgeted. Tree Tree budget budget planting provides

$4,200,000; $4,200,000; finance state state to to funds funds tree tree "The "The help help planting planting commission commission is is $4,- projects projects which which for for Brad- satisfied," satisfied,"

use use in in matching matching funds,

these these federal federal landscaping, landscaping,

functional functional planting, planting,

or Use Use E$ective E$ective of of Funds

215,600; 215,600; counties counties state state for funds funds to to The The -63 -63 1962 contains contains 28 budget budget

expressway. Federal Federal Aid Aid $9,- System, System, Secondary Secondary 500,000; 500,000; $1,100,000. and and camps, camps, honor honor

pressway pressway and and 110 110 two miles miles of of -lane aid aid Federal Federal roads roads county county on on the for for $3,- maintenance maintenance of of bridges, bridges, state state toll toll

miles miles of of multilane multilane and and freeway freeway ex-

$3,000,000; planning planning highway highway survey, survey, state state highway highway items items are:

projects projects including including construction construction 278 of of

11,500,000; 11,500,000; statewide ministration, ministration, ~ ~ of of the the gasoline gasoline Other Other state state tax. tax. non-

The The budget budget provides provides for for 202 funds funds

buildings buildings $9,000,000; $9,000,000; plants, plants, and and ad- based based cent cent eighths eighths on on five gallon - per per

hicle hicle registration registration and and travel.

$44,700,000; include: include: maintenance, maintenance, is is $36,300,000 $36,300,000 major major streets, for for city city

and and continuing continuing increases increases motor motor ve- in in

construction purposes purposes way way than than other other The The nonstate nonstate largest largest item highway highway

State's State's unproved unproved economic economic outlook high- expenditures expenditures Proposed Proposed state state for for

work.

is is up up

about about ~ ~ 12,000,000 12,000,000 to to the due due

$1,000,000. improvements, improvements, minor minor

functions functions other other state state than than highway

Estimated Estimated

revenue revenue from from state state sources

signs signs $2,000,000; $2,000,000; and and and striping, striping,

$57,630,100 $57,630,100 The The contains contains budget budget for

$273,570,812 $273,570,812 and and $220,070,812.

$4,992,100; program, program, 000; 000; resurfacing resurfacing

$1, $1, 700,000) 700,000) .

corresponding corresponding totals totals for for 1961 -62 -62 were

construction construction purposes), purposes), $8,000,- for for

vestments vestments deposits deposits

and and (up $2,700,000 $2,700,000

for for work work on on Highways. Highways. Interstate Interstate The

contingencies contingencies available 317; 317; (normally (normally

(up (up

$1,500,000); $1,500,000);

interest interest and and on on in-

for for -63, -63, 1962 including including $228,847,200

$135,827,- $315,973,500; $315,973,500; -way, -way, rights -of

portation portation

carriers taxes taxes -hire -hire

on on

for

funds funds has has been been allotted allotted to to California

(contracts (contracts engineering), plus plus ment ment

$1,000,000); $1,000,000); $14,700,000 $14,700,000 from from

trans-

A A $286,631,017 $286,631,017 total total of of in in federal

improve- construction construction and and Major Major

from from

the the (down use use fuel fuel (diesel) (diesel)

tax tax

estimated estimated revenue revenue from from state state sources.

cludes: hicle hicle $4,000,000); $4,000,000);

fees fees

(up (up $23,690,000

eral eral highway highway

apportionments apportionments and and in

in- purposes purposes construction construction highway highway

estimate); estimate); $60,371,000 $60,371,000 motor motor

in in

ve-

last last

year year

as as a a result result of of increases increases in in fed-

$527,792,917 $527,792,917

budget budget the the for The The in in (up (up

year's $6,000,000 $6,000,000 from from

about about last last

Chairman, Chairman, said said the the budget budget up up is is from

S S

$94,000,000. include include gasoline gasoline

1,000 1,000 $270,1 $270,1 in in estimated estimated taxes total total

an an will will

Robert Robert B. B. Bradford, Bradford, Commission

highway highway -63

expected expected revenue revenue roads county county funds funds collected collected for for for for 1962 state

State State Director Director of of Public Public Works

Major Major these sources sources state -63 -63 year, year,

- collected fiscal fiscal of of 1962

the the For For

078,312 078,312 was was for for construction construction purposes.

provements provements area area state." in in of of every every the the Budget. total total of of $633,460,812 $633,460,812 ~509,- of of which which

Highway substantial substantial transportation transportation vide vide for for not not State State in in im- listed listed the the October, October, 1960, 1960, contained contained an an overall

projects projects budget budget the the in in this this Controller Controller are pro- State State will will and and the the rectly rectly by by The The previous previous budget, budget, adopted adopted in

given given work work highway highway funds funds disbursed disbursed year, year, in in These These a a are are we we di- feel fees. fees. poses, poses, including including rights -of -way.

state's state's of of nance nance the the high high of of all all vehicle the the priority portion portion motor motor plus plus a a tax, tax, for for state state highway highway construction construction pur-

to to "Although "Although it it possible possible fi- is is gasoline never never State's State's gallon gallon cents - per six - - The The budget budget $527,792,917 contains contains

eighths eighths gallon gallon the cents cents from from per per three - fiscal fiscal year. points.

receive receive counties counties and one one 58 58 fornia's fornia's state state highway highway traffic traffic of of bottlenecks bottlenecks budget budget danger local local for for and and -63 the the 1962

pointed pointed out out Cali- Bradford Bradford that that has has storr storr adopted adopted highways, highways, a a modern modern and and X658,370,017 scores record record eliminate eliminate

TE3E TE3E

dated dated and and mountain mountain rural rural CALIFORNIA CALIFORNIA with roads roads HIGHWAY HIGHWAY COMMIS- County County Share

Including Including 278 278 of of Freeway Miles Miles

Provides Provides Projects for for Funds Funds 202 202 • •

• • - - u u e 1962-63 State Highway Budget Project by Counties

Note 1: Construction contracts may be awarded beginning January, 1962. Right-of-way funds may not be spent until July 1, 19b2 (start of the fiscal year). Note 2: Projects which overlap county lines are listed in both counties. Nofe 3: The term "freeway" means a multilane divided highway with full access control, no crossings at grade, no stop lights and no left turn movements. As used here, an "expressway" is a multilane divided highway with most full freeway features except Thar traffic may cross at grade at some intersections. "Two-lane expressway" is a Two-lane highway with some measures of access control, usually planned for future expansion to four lanes divided.

Approx. I Estimated Route Description mileage cost

ALAMEDA COUNTY

US 80 MacArthur Freeway-East Bay Distribution Structure to 0.3 mile west of Grand Avenue in Oakland;landscape______2.3 $170,000 US 60 MacArthur Freeway-0.3 mile west of Grand Avenue to Park Boulevard in Oakland; landscape 1.2 195,000 US 60 MacArthur Freeway-0.3 mile west of Buell Street to guhnle Avenue in Oakland; construct 8-lane freeway 1.1 4,200,000 US 60 MacArthur Freeway-East city limit of Oakland near Durant Avenue to 0.6 mile east of Sybil Avenue in San Leandro; construct 1.9 4,500,000 S-lane freeway (this job and previously listed project, together with current work, will complete 12 miles of S-lane freeway from the East Bay Distribution Structure to Sybil Avenue) US 40 North of EI Cerrito Overhead in Albany to San Pablo Dam Road; install median barrier (also listed in Contra Costa County)______4.7 115,000 5R 1T Nimitz Freeway-First Avenue Interchange in San Leandro; add two ramps to interchange______400,000 SR 24 Grove-Shafter Freeway-West of Warren Freeway to Caldecott Tunnel (portions); interchange construction______1.5 2,715,000 HR 108 Alden Lane to El Caminito in and neaz Livermore; realign curves and humps______0.9 9b,000 HR 226 Posey Tube between Alameda and Oakland; entrance revisions, lighting, ventilation equipment and tiling______1,100,000 HR 227 Warren Freeway-Carson Street to MacArthur Freeway near Calaveras Avenue; grading and structure for future freeway______0.6 600,006 Various Rights of way (including $5,700,000 for Grove-Shafter Freeway in Oakland, $2,600,000 for MacArthur Freeway is Oakland and ______9,388,000 San Leandro) FAS 1030 Redwood Road-Between Heyer Avenue and Castro Valley Boulevard in and near Hayward; construct 4-lane highway (Urban 0.6 115,000 Urban Extension extension of FAS Road-Alameda County's share, $116,000) (State share)

ALPINE COUNTY

SR 88-89 0.3 mile east of Woodfords to 2.6 miles east of Picketts; construct 2-lane expressway 3.8 1,070,000 5R 4 Raymond Meadow Creek Bridge south of Markleeville; replace bridge and construct approaches______65,000 Vazious Rights of wa9------SQ000 AMADOR COUNTY

SR S8 2.6 miles east of Corral Flat to 2.b miles west of Alpine County line; construct 2-lane expressway 8.7 1,180,000 VariousRights of way------7b,000 ~ BUTTE COIINTY

U5 99E Little Chico Creek to East First Avenue in Chico; construct 4-lane freeway (first unit of freeway through Chico) 1.3 1,700,000 US 40 Alt. West Branch Feather River Bridge north of Oroville; Division of Highways share of the cost of the bridge and approaches (bridge 616,000 now under construction) Various Rights of way ______470,000

CALAVERAS COUNTY

SR 49 SR 12 at San Andreas to Mokelumne Hill; grading and bridges for future 2-lane highway (paving to be budgeted in the future)_ _ 6.6 1,100,006 Various Rights of way______------______180,000 COLUSA COUNTY

US99W &SR20 On 7thandEStreetsinWilliams; drainageimprovements______0.2 30,000 SR 20 4.6 miles east of Colusa to Drexler Road; construct 2-lane expressway including new Sacramento River Bridge near Meridian 6.1 1,980,000 (also listed in Sutter County) Various Rights of way______25,006

CONTRA COSTA COIINTY

IIS 40 North of El Cerrito Overhead in Albany to San Pablo Dam Road; install median barrier (also listed in Alameda County) 4.7 I1b,000 US 40 Barrett Avenue Off-ramp; construct ramp connection from Sierra Avenue ramp to Barrett Avenue______420,000 SR 24 Junction Sign Routes 21 and 24 to 0.2 mile north of Solano Way in Concord; construct 4-lane freeway______2.9 3,Sb0,000 SR 21 1.0 mile south of Danville to Walnut Creek; construct 4-lane freeway______6.8 12,900,000 Various Rights of wa9------2,455,000 DEL NORTE COUNTY

US 199 Collier Tunnel under construction at Hazelview Summit near the Oregon Border; install tunnel lighting and ventilation equipment______200,006 Various Rights of waY------120,000 EL DORADO COUNTY

US 60 West city limit of Placerville to Railroad Crossing; tree planting______80,006 SR 49 0.4 mile south of Hastings Creek to 0.9 mile south of Greenwood Creek north of Coloma; construct 2-lane highway on new align- 2.0 280,000 ment including new Greenwood Creek Bridge (connects with current job. to the west) Rights of VaPious way------275,000 FRESNO COUNTY

US 99 Tulare County line to 0.5 mile north of Highland Avenue in Selma; construct 4-lane freeway (completes freeway on US 99 in Fresno 6.9 4,490,000 County) US 99 Dry Creek Canal to north of West Olive Avenue Interchange in and north of Fresno; landscape______. ______1.6 125,000 US 99 North of West Olive Avenue Interchange to the San Joaquin River north of Fresno; functional and tree planting______8.0 75,000

November-December 7 ~C 1 7~

Highways Highways PublAC PublAC California California cand cand !~/orks 74

this this progress progress section) structure structure on on in in now now work work some some and and (grading (grading

Freeway Freeway to to Fernando; Fernando; San San Boulevard Boulevard near near freeway Burbank Burbank -lane -lane of of 8 south south State State construct construct mile mile Golden Golden -0.4 -0.4 Freeway Biego Biego San San 8,3Q0,000 8.9 158 fIR fIR

a a Fernando, Fernando, to to miles) 49 49 of of Freeway Freeway State State distance distance Freeway Freeway Golden Golden Diego Diego the the San San San San near near Westminster Westminster from from the the complete complete

Follows, Follows, job job in in project project budgeted budgeted new new a a newly newly (This (This and and will the the freeway. freeway. work, work, County County which which current current Orange Orange other other project, project,

Avenue Avenue Signal Signal and and west west mile mile -lane 0.1 0.1 8 Long Long to to in in line line construct construct County County Hill; Hill; 14,000,000 Atlantic Atlantic Orange Orange of of - 6.0 Freeway Beach Beach Diego Diego San San 15S HR HR

highway divided divided

Roscoe Roscoe to to -lane 4 Freeway Freeway provide provide Angeles; Angeles; to to Los Los Ventura Ventura in in reconstruction reconstruction Boulevard Boulevard Boulevard- and and widening widening Topanga Topanga 1,235,000 3.4 Canyon Canyon 'L7 SR SR

to to highway divided divided of of a a southeast southeast provide provide of of widening widening Palmdale; Palmdale; -lane -lane 4 T, T, Avenue Avenue

to to of of of southeast southeast 0.2 0.2 2.9 Boulevard Boulevard Highway Palmdale Palmdale Pearblossom Pearblossom and and south south mile mile 290,000 mile mile Road Road -0.4 -0.4 Tejon Tejon Fort Fort East, East, Street Street 47th 47th 138 SR SR

______8 8 to to 6 6 Dimas Dimas from from 2.9 widen widen west west mile mile Pomotta; Pomotta; _ _ 0.4 0.4 near near _ _ _ _ to to lanes lanes Avenue Avenue Avenue Avenue 926,000 -Holt -Holt San San of of Freeway Bernardino Bernardino San San -99 -70 60 US US

126 Route Route Sign Sign freeway freeway on on

-lane 4 99 99 US US on on freeway freeway 8 State State construct construct Golden Golden and and west; west; the the mile mile 0.8 0.8 between between and and Freeway Freeway -lanr, -lanr, Freeway Freeway 126 126 Route Route Sign Sign

of of 4.8 on to to Sign Sign and and Creek; Creek; intersection) intersection) b,600,Od9 miles miles Castaic Castaic (southerly (southerly south south 126 126 Freeway mile mile Route Route 0.2 0.2 of of south south -1,3 -1,3 State State Golden Golden 126 SR SR & & 99 99 US US

to to 6.1 Angeles; Angeles; ______in in median median install install Lankerslum Lankerslum Burbank Burbank Los Los in in bazrier_ bazrier_ Boulevazd Boulevazd Boulevard Boulevard 130,000 Burbank Burbank - Freeway State State Golden Golden -99 6 US US

landscape Avenue; Avenue; Cypress Cypress

to to Freeway Freeway 2.0 of Angeles Angeles Los Los east east - to to mile mile Freeway 200,000 Pasadena Pasadena Darwin Darwin State State Golden Golden 0.2 0.2 Avenue Avenue - River. River. Freeway Golden Golden State State 66 S S -99 -99 6 US US

Ventura Ventura (also (also County) in in listed listed freeway freeway to to full full convert convert

______Trivafo Trivafo to interchange interchange to to Construct Construct Road. Road. County County of of Angeles Angeles Los Los west west of of mile mile 0.4 0.4 420,000 southeast southeast line line mile- Freeway~.l Freeway~.l Ventura Ventura US US 101

freeway -lane -lane 4 to to expressway expressway from from convert convert

______to Los Los interchanges interchanges bOQ000 construct construct ; ; of of (portions) (portions) Angeles Angeles northwest northwest mile mile of of 0.6 0.6 west west to to Road Road Drive Drive Kanan Kanan -Lewis -Lewis Ventura Ventura Freeway 101 IIS IIS

freeway -lane -lane 4 to to expressway expressway

______from Chesebro Chesebro Los Los convert convert to to 630,000 interchange interchange to to construct construct Road Road Angeles; Angeles; of of of of west west southeast southeast mile mile Lewis Lewis Ventura Ventura Road Road -0.4 -0.4 Freeway 101 IIS IIS

COUNTY LOS LOS ANGELES ANGELES

------

------way------

100,000 Rightsof Rightsof Various

County)

Modoc in in (also (also expressway expressway listed listed sections) sections) 660,000 of of -lane -lane 2 6.4 miles miles 4.0 4.0 ;construct ;construct to to line line (two (two County County Likely Likely north north Modoc Modoc of of mile mile 0.8 0.8 south south 395 US US

______-lane -lane 2 construct construct 700,000 4.2 of of east east expressway_ mile mile to to Creek; Creek; Johnstonville Johnstonville Baxter Baxter 1.0 1.0 0.4 0.4 of of east east mile mile 39b IIS IIS

______1.0 _ _ expressway expressway _ _ _ _ 130,000 _ _ _ _ -lane -lane 2 of of west west construct construct Nubieber; Nubieber; is is Road Road gramer gramer mile mile 0.6 0.6 to to miles miles 1.6 1.6 299 IIS IIS

COUNTY LAS5EN LAS5EN

------

waY------

______70,000 Rightsof Rightsof Various

______268,000 ______portions); realign ( south south mile mile 2.4 2.4 to to Office Office Post Post Cobb Cobb 29 SR SR

______0.6 ______lOb,000 west west realignment curve curve Lucerne; Lucerne; in in mile mile 0.6 0.6 to to Creek Creek Morrison Morrison 20 SR SR

COIINTY LAgE LAgE

------

wa9------

______943,000 Rightsof Rightsof Various

______widening_ widening_ 3.3 ______278,000 to to and and reconstruction reconstruction line; line; County County -1.0 -1.0 Tulare Tulare Corcoran Corcoran of of north north mile mile Highway Central Central Valley Valley 136 HR HR

COUNTY KINGS KINGS

______b,60Z,000 ______freeway freeway _~_ _~______Bakersfield) Bakersfield) near near and and in in 178 178 SR SR $3,960,000 $3,960,000 (including (including Rights Rights for for way way of of Various

______------3,000 planting______tree tree Taft; Taft; near near and and in in Street Street to to Cedar Cedar Railroad Railroad Western Western Sunset Sunset 399 IIS IIS

______9li,000 0.4 Buttonwillow___ 4lanes 4lanes to to widen widen Street; Street; Meadow Meadow through through east east of of mile mile 0.2 0.2 to to Avenue Avenue Mirasol Mirasol 178 SR SR

770,000 ______3.8 to to widen widen and and in in 4lanes__ Drive Drive of of east east Bakersfield; Bakersfield; near near Morning Morning mile mile 0.2 0.2 to to Street Street Williams Williams 178 SR SR

Streets______Niles Niles and and 40,000 1.4 street street -way -way Monterey Monterey on on couplet couplet one Street Street for for Williams Williams reconstruction reconstruction Bakersfield; Bakersfield; in in to to Street Street Stockton Stockton 178 SR SR

8.7 6,65Q6'JO ______to to convert convert Cawelo; Cawelo; freeway______-lane -lane 6 expressway expressway of of south south mile mile 0.3 0.3 to to Spur Spur Minkler Minkler 99 IIS IIS

COUNTY KERN KERN

------

------way----

10,60 ------Rightsof Rightsof Various

245,6~D0 ______6.4 widen______and and reconstruct reconstruct (portions); (portions); Junction Junction Darwin Darwin west west mile mile 1.0 1.0 of of to to Wash Wash Centennial Centennial iS0 SR SR

______757,000 6.0 ______-lane -lane 4 construct construct Little Little of of north north expressway expressway miles miles S. S. to to Lake Lake Lake; Lake; miles miles 6 6 Little Little of of 1.4 1.4 south south -6 US US 3~5

COUNTY INYO INYO

------

1,b30,000 ______Rightsof Rightsof way way Various

______1,000,600 ______expressway_ expressway_ 29.5 2 construct construct Riverside Riverside the the -lane -lane to to Glamis Glamis line; line; east east miles miles County County -9.0 -9.0 of of Highway Glamis Glamis HR HR 146

_ _ _ _ 6,000,000 ______9.7 ______freeway_ freeway_ 4 ______construct construct _ _ -lane -lane 98; 98; 3R 3R junction junction to to line line Diego Diego San San with with County County SO US US

COUNTY IMPERIAL IMPERIAL

------

i,iaa,000 ______way way Rightsof Rightsof Various

74 >000 -- - - ______- - -- replacement______bridge bridge Ferndale; Ferndale; near near Bridge Bridge Overflow Overflow River River Salt Salt HR HR 66

180,000 ______0.3 approaches_ approaches_ reconstruct reconstruct culvert culvert and and bridge with with bridge replace replace Weitchpec; Weitchpec; NSiners NSiners near near Creek Creek HR HR 46

100,000 ______widening______improvement improvement curve curve (portions); (portions); and and Bridgeville Bridgeville of of east east miles miles 7.7 7.7 to to miles miles 3.6 3.6 36 SR SR

Englewood) to to miles miles freeway freeway Sylvandale Sylvandale from from 22 22 for for -lane -lane 4 provide provide will will construction construction and and completed completed

b,600,000 current (This (This 6.8 and and project, project, freeway freeway -lane -lane construct construct Road; Road; Hills Hills to to 4 Sylvandale Sylvandale Maple Maple of of south south miles miles -1.3 -1.3 Freeway Parks Parks Redwood Redwood IIS IIS 101

COIINTY HIIMBOLDT HIIMBOLDT

325,000 ______Rights Rights way way of of Various

mento mento City) Butte Butte near near River River

960,000 S 8. 8. Sacra- the the and and Willows Willows between between improvements improvements (completes (completes widening widening and and reconstruction reconstruction to to Willows Willows Glenn; Glenn; of of east east Walker Walker Creek Creek HR HR 4b

COUNTY GLENN GLENN

(State (State share) $110,000) Fresno's Fresno's share share Road. Road. County County Extension Urban Urban

110,000 FA5 of of extension extension 1.1 (Urban (Urban highway highway -lane -lane 4 construct construct Fresno; Fresno; in in Avenue Avenue divided divided Fisher Fisher to to Avenue Avenue Blackstone Blackstone - Avenue Belmont Belmont 1211 FAS FAS

share) (State (State $588,000) share, share, County's County's Fresno Fresno Road. Road. County County FAS FAS of of tension tension Extension IIrban IIrban

160,000 es- azea azea 0.7 (IIrban (IIrban highway highway Calwa; Calwa; in in divided divided -lane -lane 4 construct construct Avenue Avenue Holloway Holloway of of east east to to Street Street Pullman Pullman of of -West -West Jensen Jensen Avenue 815 FAS FAS

share) (State (State $39,500) share share Banger's Banger's Road. Road. County County Secondary Secondary Aid Aid Extension IIrban IIrban

Federal

39,800

0.6 of of

extension extension area area (Urban (Urban highway highway 4-laae 4-laae construct construct

Sanger; Sanger; in in Avenue Avenue West West and and

Avenue Avenue

Lyon Lyon Between Between Jenaen Jenaen

Avenues- Sib FAS FAS

------

------way------

976,000 Rightsof Rightsof Vazious

_____ $26,000 ______deck______deck______bridge bridge Avenal;replace Avenal;replace of of north north Zapato Zapato Bridge Bridge Creek Creek Cheno Cheno 33 SR SR

Continued FRESNO FRESNO COUNTY-

cost mileaAe mileaAe Description Description Route Route

Estimated I I Approa. Approa. Approx. Estimated Route Description mileage cost

LO5 ANGELES COUNTY-Continued US6 &SR 11 San Diego Freeway-Carson Street to 190th Street. Harbor Freeway-0.S mile north of Del Amo Boulevard to 0.1 mile north 3.8 $65,600 of 190th Street in Los Angeles; install median barrier AR 168 San Diego Freeway-Avalon Boulevard to Main Street near Torrance; install truck scales______HR 131,CQ0 168 San Diego Treeway-190th Street to 174th Street in Los Angeles and Torrance; landscape______3.2 HR 168 26Q,0430 San Diego Freeway-Mulholland Drive to Ventura Boulevard; landscape______1.4 60,030 SR 1S4 Ventura Freeway-Buena Vista Street to the Golden State Freeway and west side of Golden State Freeway from the Ventura 3.3 115,00 Freeway to 0.2 mile west of Colorado Street extension; landscape in Burbank and Los Angeles IIS 6-99, SR 2 Golden State Freeway-Los Angeles River to Glendale Boulevard; Glendale Freeway-Glendale Boulevard to the Los Angeles 4.0 37a,6~0 River; landscape US 66 Santa Monica Boulevard-Doheny Drive to Orlando Avenue in and near Beverly Hills; reconstruct and widen______1.2 235,000 US 6-SR it Harbor Freeway-0.2 mile north of Sepulveda Boulevard to 0.3 mile south of 208th Street; functional and tree planting______2.1 135,OQ~ SR 36 San Gabriel River Freeway-0.2 mile south of Whittier Boulevard to Peck Road near Industry; construct 8-lane freeway______3.3 4,750,CG~ SR 36 San Gabriel River Freeway-Peck Road to 0.3 mile north of the San Bernardino Freeway; construct 8-lane freeway in and near 3.9 6,850,00 Industry and Baldwin Park. (This project, and previously listed job, are Bret major construction projects on the San Gabriel River Freeway) SR 26 Olympic Boulevard-Centinela Avenue to Rimpau Boulevard (portions); modify traffic signals at 24 intersections (Cooperative _ _ _ _ _ 60,000 project-Los Angeles City's shaze, $60,000) (State share) SR 26 & SR 7 Santa Monica Freeway-Q.3 mile west of Sawtelle Boulevard to Overland Avenue. San Diego Freeway-0.4 mile south of Na- 2.6 7,300,000 tional Boulevard to 0.2 mile north of Pico Boulevard; construct 8-lane freeway on the Santa Monica Freeway including interchange at San Diego Freeway near Culver City SR B6 Santa 101onica Freeway-Oaerland Avenue to La Ciene~a Boulevard in Los Angeles; construct 8-lane freeway______2.2 SR B6 _ 6,706,000 Santa Monica Freeway-0.1 mile west of La Cienega Boulevard to Fairfax Avenue; construct 8-lane freeway_ _ 0.5 SR B6 ______3,700,000 Santa Monica Freeway-0.1 mile west of Fairfa~c Avenue to Hooaer Street; construct Slane freeway.(The preceding four projects, 5.Q 10,800,000 together with current construction, will comglete the Santa Monica Freeway from the Santa Ana Freeway to Sawtelle Boulevazd, a distance of 13.3 miles) SR 28 Santa Monica Freeway-Vermont Avenue to nth Sri•eet;landscape______4.3 5R 42 14fl,~QCO Firestone Boulevard-0.1 mile east of Gar&eld Boulevard to 0.1 mile we,t of Lakewood Boulevard; widening to 4 lanes. (Co- 2.5 3~a,000 operative project Southgate and Downey share $70,(3Q~) share) Various (State Rights of way (including $7,500,E19Q for the Foothill Freeway, $6,~00,06n for Colorado Freeway, $u~,160,000 for San Gabriel Riaer ------62,7B2,000 Freeway, $8,0(f0,000 for Pomona Freeway, $6,900,000 for Santa Monica and $7,100,000 for the Artesia Freeway) MADERA COUNTY US 99 0.2 mile north of San Joaquin River to Road 30 south of Madera; convert expressway to 4-lane freeway______5.5 2,6lSa,~61i Various Rightsof waY------51:,G~S~J MARIN COIINTY U5 101 Miller Creek Road to north of Entrada ITrive in Novato; construct 6-lane freeway______B.7 S,SfRL~,4E(PfS IIS 101 & SR 37 Sign Route 87-US 101 Interchange; construct interchange and frontage roads, and 6-lane freeway. (This project and preciously 1.2 4,C~SD,~O~ listed job, together with other current construction, will provide continuous freeway on US 101 for 19 miles from the Golden Gate Bridge to Novato) SR 1 Stinson Beach to Bolinas Road (portions); drainage improvements and resurfacing______Various Rightsof way 1(➢0,060 ------~ ------______630,000 MARIPOSA COUNTY SR 49 1.6 mules south of Coulterville to Tuolumne County line; construct 2-lane highway______b.8 850,660 SR 1S2 4.0 miles west of Coulterville to junction with SR 49 in Coulterville; construct 2-lane highway ______4.0 685,600 Various Rightsof wa9------______11b,Ofl0 MENDOCINO COIINTY IIS 101 6.0 miles north of Hopland to Norgard Lane south of Ukiah; construct 4-lane freeway______4.8 2,250,000 IIS 101 Ford Road north of Ukiah to 0.5 mile south of Forsythe Creek; construct 4-lane freeway (structures and some grading now is 6.6 2,490,060 progress on this section) SR 20 James Creek Bridge west of Willits; replace bridge and construct approaches______0.3 200,000 Vazious Rightsof way------400,a00 I~'i 4_~~~ ~l ~ZK~li~~711~1 US 99 1.1 miles south of Merced to 4.6 miles north of Merced; construct 4-lane freeway through Merced (structure work and grading 8.3 4,200,000 now in progress). With completion of this project, there will be 12.2 miles of continuous full freeway from south of Merced to north of Atwater. Various Rightsof way------`------71Q,000 MODOC COUNTY IIS 299 0.4 mile west of Pit River Bridge to 1.0 mile east of Canby; construct 2-lane expressway including new Pit River Bridge b.8 976,000 US 396 0.8 mile south of Modoc County Line to 4.0 miles north of Likely (two sections);construct 2-lane expressway (also listed in Lassen 5.4 550,060 County) Various Rightsof wa9------10,400 MONO COUNTY IIS 396 miles l.b north of McGee Creek to 1.1 miles south of Mammoth Junction; construct 1.8 miles of S and 4-lane expressway with b.6 65~,Om0 right of way fencing on additional section HR 111 June Lake Loop-0.1 mile southeast to O.S mile northwest of Rush Creek; realignment and widening______o.a as,Qao Various Rights of waY------______35,000 MONTEREY COIINTY

US 101 1.2 miles north of Bradley to 1.7 miles south of San Azdo; construct 4-lane freeway______11.3 ~,isa,moo IIS 101 South city limit to North Main Street in Salinas; functional and tree planting______g .9 90,000 U5 101 Little Beaz Creek Bridge at Santa Rita; replace bridge and construct approaches______SO,Q00 SR 1 San Luis Obispo County line to Rocky Creek north of Big Sur (portions); construct concrete retaining cribs______260,000 SR 1 Hot Sp r' mgs Creek Bridge south of Big Sur; replace bridge and construct approaches 455,~3U0 Rights ------Various of way------1,135,f3fb0

November-Deceonber 1961 ~~ Approx. Estimated Route mileage cost

NAPA COUNTY

SR 3T Vichy Springs to Sign Route 12S (portions); reconstruction and widening ______$160,00 SR 29 0.3 mile south of Imola Avenue to north of Old Sonoma Road in and near Napa; functional planting .and tree planting______0.T 60,000 SR 12-29 ImolaAvenue to Belly Road (portions); resurfacing______100,000 SR 29 Dry Creek to California Drive near Yountville; reconstruction, frontage roads, and drainage improvement______2.6 425,OOD SR 29 1.6 miles north of California Drive near Yountville to Oakville; reconstruction and widening ______2.3 160,000 SR 29 Calistoga to Lake County line (portions); construct passing lanes on Mt. St. Helena______80,000 SR 128 0.9 mile east of Pope Valley Road to the Monticello Dam Highway Relocation east of Rutherford (portions);. curve improvement ______b0,000 and widening Various Rightsof way------______780,000 NEVADA COUNTY

SR 49 1.5 miles north of South Fork Yuba River to North San Juan (portions); curve improvement and widening______60,000 II5 40 2.8 miles west of Cisco to Hampshire Rocks; construct 4-lane freeway (final gap in freeway construction on 120 miles of IIS 40 6.3 10,400,000 between Sacramento and Nevada. Leaves only the paving over Donner Summit for future budgeting) (also listed in Placer County) Various Rights of way 273,500

ORANGE COIINTY

SR 6b Newport Freeway-0.3 mile south of Delhi Road to 0.3 mile south of the Santa Ana Freeway in and near Santa Ana aad Tustin; 1.9 2,700,000 construct 4-lane freeway IIS 101 Alt. Pacific Coast Highway-South city limit of Newport Beach to Superior Avenue-Balboa Boulevard (portions); resurfacing, channel- 100,000 ization and traffic signal modifications SR 39 Beach Boulevard-Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad Underpass to 0.1 mile south of Central Avenue in and near Buena 4.2 990,000 Park and La Habra; widening to provide four lanes divided HR 165-179 San Diego Freeway-0.6 mile east of Bolsa Chica Road to Los Angeles County line. Garden Grove Freeway-0.7 mile east of 4.8 9,000,000 Bolsa Chica Road to San Diego Freeway; construct 8-lane freeway (connects with newly budgeted project in Los Angeles County) IIS 101 Santa Ana Freeway-0.3 mile north of South Street in Anaheim to 0.2 mile south of the Santa Ana River in Santa Ana; widen 4.1 1,250,000 from 4 to 6 lanes SR 22 Garden Grove Freeway-Garden Grove Boulevard near Knott Avenue in Westminster to 0.2 mile east of Newland Street in 1.8 4,000,000 Garden Grove; construct 6-lane freeway Various Rights of wap (including $2,300,000for Garden Grove Freeway)______6,667,000

PLACER COUNTY

SR 49 East Auburn Underpass in Auburn; widen to four lanes ______260,000 IIS 40 2.8 miles west of Cisco to Hampshire Rocks; construct 4-lane freeway (final gap in freeway construction on 120 miles of US 40 6.3 10,400,000 from Sacramento to Nevada. Leaves only the paving over Donner Summit for future budgeting) (also listed in Nevada County) HR 91 Lincoln-Auburn Highway-US 99E to 0.3 mile east of Lincoln; reconstruction and widening______0.8 130,000 Various Rightsof way------______876,500 PLUMAS COUNTY

US 40 Alt Grizzly Creek Bridge and approaches about 2 miles east of Portola; replace bridge an+d construct approaches 0.4 130,000 Various Rightsof way------______75,000 RIVERSIDE COUNTY

IIS 60 US 396 to Kitching Street neaz Sunnymead; construct 4-lane freeway______4.8 2,750,000 US 60-70-99 East city limit of Banning to east city limit of Cabazon; construct 6-lane freeway. (Completes continuous freeway and expressway 5.7 5,100,006 for 90 miles from Los Angeles to east Cabazon) SR 74 7.0 miles east of Hemet to Mountain Center (portions); widening and curve improvement______20,000 SR 79 Lamb Canyon Creek northwest of San Jacinto; replace bridge with culvert______zs,00a SR 195 Coachella Storm Drain to SR 111 near Mecca; reconstruction and widening ______1.6 85,000 Various Rightsof way ------` ______2,636,000 SACRAMENTO COUNTY

IIS 99-50 Sacramento Boulevard to U Street in Sacramento; landscaping on South Sacramento Freeway _ 3.0 462,006 IIS 60 Natoma Overhead Interchange at the Aerojet plant east of Sacramento; tree planting______30,000 US 40 & US 99W Sacramento River Bridge near W and X Streets in Sacramento; bridge substructure for future freeway crossing (also listed in 1,250,000 Yolo County) Various Rights of way (including $1,600,000 for North-South freeway (29th and 30th Streets), $2,000,000 for East-West freeway (W and X 6,610,006 Streets) in Sacramento and $1,000,000 for Interstate Beltline freeway north and west of Sacramento)

SAN BENITO COUNTY

SR 166 0.6 mile north to 3.4 miles north of Hollister; construct 4-lane expressway______2.9 690,000 Various Rightsof way------225,000 SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY

II5 66 At Deer Creek about 3.6 miles east of Upland; culvert replacement ______55,000 IIS 66 Los Angeles County line to Haven Avenue in and near Upland; intersection and center strip improvements______6.7 35,000 Old US 70-99 Hunts Lane to Oak Street; resurface old highway through Redlands prior to relinquishment to local jurisdiction. (New freeway 8.1 60,000 under construction) IIS 70-99 Colton Avenue to Highland Avenue in Redlands;landscape______..______3.3 400,000 IIS 91-466 6.0 miles west of Yermo to Field; construct 4-lane freeway 22.6 8,500,000 SR 18-30 3.0 miles west to 1.2 miles east of Big Bear Dam; construct 3.0 miles of 4-lane expressway anfl resurface 1.1 miles______4.1 1,400,000 SR 18 Central Road to Navajo Road in Apple Valley; construct 4-lane expressway. (Cooperative project with San Bernardino County) 1.4 150,000 (State share) SR 30 West Fork to East Fork of City Creek northeast of San Bernardino; construct additional 2 lanes to provide 4-lane expressway____ 1.2 125,000 SR 91 Riverside County line to Warm Creek; functional and tree planting______5.3 29,000 SR 138 Los Angeles County line to IIS 395-91-66; eliminate humps and dips ______. 15.2 350,000 Various Rightsof way ------3,976,000

76 C~4a~o~nra I~i~l~v~cays and Public Works Approa. Estimated Route Description mileage cost

SAN DIEGO COIINTY US 101 0.1 mile north of south city limit of National City to 0.4 mile north of Division Street in San Diepo (portions); construct 8-lane 2.5 $4,600,000 freeway IIS 101 & U5 896 Park Boulevard to 6th Avenue is San Diego; landscape in vicinity of 4-level interchange now under construction in Balboa Park_ _ _ 0.5 400,000 IIS 101 0.5 mile south of Carmel Valley Road southeast of Del Mar to 0.6 mile south of 4th Street; grading and structures for future ~ 1.8 1,100,000 6-lane freeway (paving to be budgeted in the future) us ioi 0.6 mile south of 4th Street to Skyline Drive northeast of Solana Beach; grading and structures for future 6-lane freeway (paving 3.4 2,290,000 to be budgeted in the future) US 101 Short Street Overhead in Oceanside; construct interchange______500,000 US 396 Aero Drive to Clairemont Mesa Boulevard; widen frontage road (Cooperative project-San Diego share $321,000) ______1.6 60,000 (State share) IIS 395 Pomerado Road to north city limit of Escondido; signals and channelization______6.2 185,000 SR 94 Merritt Boulevard to Kenora Drive; widening and reconstruction______i.a iia,000 Various Rights of way (including $3,900,000 for IIS 101 freeway in National City and San Diego and $2,700,000 for the section,between 12,205,000 San Diego and Carlsbad) FAS 731 Mission Gorge Road-Between SR 12 at Fairmount Avenue and Simeon Drive in and neaz San Diego; construct 4-lane divided 6.0 1,000,000 IIrban Extension highway (Urban extension of FAS Road, San Diego County's share, $508,300, City of San Diego, $741,700) (State share) SAN FRANCISCO COUNTY

ax za4 Embarcadero Freeway-construct Clay-Washington Street ramps______0.4 HR 224 Embarcadero Freeway-First Street to Steuart Street; landscape______0.4 b0,600 HR 25S Southern Freeway Extension-Newcomb Street to Army Street; construct 6-lane freeway (will tie in with a budgeted project'to 0.8 5,580,000 carry easterly extension of Southern Freeway from the James Lick Freeway to Army Street) IIS 101 Byp. Bayshore Freeway-Butler Road to 3rd Street Overcrossing in South San Francisco and San Francisco (portions); resurfacing 420,900 (also listed in San Mateo County) Various Rightsof wag------2,970,000 SAN JOAQUIN COUNTY

HR 110 US west 50 of Tracy to about 6 miles west of Vernalis; construct 4-lane freeway (V7estside Freeway) bypassing Tracy on the west 11.6 6,09,000 (new Interstate Highway Route 5W) US 99 Miner Avenue to Calaveras River near Stockton; functional and tree planting______3.0 53,000 Various way Rights of (including $1,SOO,000for Westside Freeway in and near Stockton)______2,506,000 SAN LUIS OBISPO

US 101 North Pismo Beach Separation to 1.0 mile south of Santa Fe Bridge south of San Luis Obispo; convert expressway to 4-lane free- 6.0 3,1Q6,900 way US 101 1.0 mile south of Santa Fe Bridge to Los Osos Road; convert expressway to 4-lane freeway______2.0 1,270,000 US 101 0.3 mile north of Los Osas Road to Marsh Street in San Luis Obispo; convert expressway to 4-lane freeway (This°Vproject, and 1.9 88Q000 two listed previously, will provide full freeway on US 101 from north of San Luis Obispo to Arroyo Grande, a distance of 19 miles) US 101 San Luis Obispo Creek to 2.2 miles north of San Luis Obispo (portions); resurface______14Q,0~0 US 101 0.4 mile south of Santa Barbara Road to Atascadero; construct interchanges at Santa Barbara Road and at Curbaril AvenueTto 831D,000 convert from expressway to 4-lane freeway SR 1 Oceano Overhead Bridge south of Pismo Beach; replace bridge and construct approaches on new aliment ______0.7 250,000 SR 1 1.5 miles south of Cambria 0.5 to mile south of San Simeon Creek; construct 2-lane expressway bypassing Cambria______4.3 1,25Q,000 Various Rightsof waY ------790,000 SAN MATEO COUNTY

US 101 El Camino Real-Millwood Drive to Euclid Avenue in Millbrae and San Bruno; widen to six Imes divided (Cooperative project- 1.7 530,000 Millbrae and San Bruno share, $290,000) (SEate share) SR 1 1.1 miles south of Shazp Park Road to 0.4 mile north of Manor Drive in Pacifica; construct 4-lane freeway for 2.6 miles with grad- 3.2 3,850,060 ing and frontage roads for an additional 0.6 mile (first unit of freeway in Pacifica) US 101 Byg. Bayshore Freeway-Butler Road to Srd Street Overcrossing in South San Francisco and San Francisco (portions); resurface 420,090 (also listed in San Francisco County) US 101 Byp. Bayshore Freeway-Sierra Point Overhead in South San Francisco to Redwood Creek in Redwood City; install median barrier 17.4 435,~OU and signs Various Rights of way (including $2,OmQ,000 for HR 214 improvement in Redwood City and $3,200,000 for Junipero Serra Freeway in 6,885,OQa vicin[ty of Daly City and San Bruno)

SANTA BARBARA COUNTY

U5 101 South Carpinteria Interchange; interchange construction______US 350,000 101 EI Sueno Road to Elwood west of Santa Barbara; install illuminated signs______HR 2 Orcutt 110,000 Highway-Q.6 mile north of Clark Avenue to 1.5 miles south of Santa Maria; construct additional 2 lanes to provide 4-lane 2.9 expressway 359,000 SR 1 Solomon Canyon Creek Bridge south of Guadalupe; replace bridge and construct approaches on new alignment______0.3 89,000 SR 166 Deadman's Gulch to Cuyama Maintenance Station; construct 3-lane expressway______5.6 900,000 SR 154 San Marcos Pass to 7 miles north, northwest of Santa Barbara; construct 2-lane expressway ______7.0 5,300,000 SR 154 0.4 mile west of Lompoc Canyon Road to O Street in Lompoc (portions);construct 2-lane expressway from west of Lompoc Canyon 6.8 125,000 Road to Lompoc, and widen four to lanes in the city (Cooperative project-U.S. Navy share, $860,000) (State share) Various Rightsof waY------930,Om0 SANTA CLARA COUNTY

HR 11S IIS 101 to 0.4 mile north of Southern Pacific Avenue in Railroad near Bernardo Mountain View; construct 2 and 4-lane expressway 1.5 1,475,000 including an interchange at Dana Street and a railroad grade separation structure Middlefield HR 114 Road Overcrossing in Mountain View; construct overcrossing and approaches Freeway at route of the future Stevens Creek 425,000 SR 9 0.2 mile south of Prospect Road in Saratoga to US 101 in widen Sunnyvale; to four lanes (rights of way acquired by local agencies)_ 8.5 740,000 SR 17, HR 239 Junipero Serra Freeway-Sign Route 17 to west of near Doyle Road in and San Jose; construct 6-lane freeway including an inter- 4.7 change at the junction of the Junipero Serra and 4,750,000 Sign Route 17 freeways and widening to 6 lanes oa SR 17 between Moorpark Avenue and Forest Avenue. (First southerly unit of the Junipero Serra Freeway) SR 17 Forest Avenue to the Bayshore Freeway in San Jose; widen San Jose-Los Gatos hue Interchange Freeway to six lanes and expand Coleman Ave• 3.4 1,200,000 Various Rights of way (including $3,900,000for Junipero Serra Freeway)______6,915,000

f~loo~ernber-Dec~►ra~er 1961' 7~ Approx. Estimated Route Description mileage cost

SANTA CRIIZ COIINTY

SR 17 0.3 mile north of Sign Route 1 to 0.3 mile south of Carbonero Creek near Santa Cruz; functional and tree planting_ 2.9 $110,000 SR 17 0.3 mile south of Glen Canyon Road to 0.4 mile north of Granite Creek Road, north of Santa Cruz; funcitonal and tree planting _ 2.T 69,000 SR 17 0.6 mile north of Granite Creek Road to the Santa Clara County line; drainage improvements and resurfacing______6.3 600,000 Main in SR lb3 & SR 1 Street Watsonville to Rob Roy (portions); resurface______------______180,000 SR 2 State Park Drive Interchange east of Santa Cruz; construct interchange and frontage roads to convert from expressway to 4-lane 1.5 540,000 freeway SR 1 Park Avenue Interchange in and near Capitols; construct interchange and frontage roads to convert from expressway to 4-lane 1,8 710,000 freeway Vazious Rights of way------625,000 SHASTA COUNTY

IIS 99 4.4 miles to 2.3 miles south of O'Brien (portions); grading for fill in Shasta Lake for future 4-lane freeway______600,QQP0 IIS 99 0.6 mile south to 2.6 miles north of the Tehama County line; construct 4-lane freeway through Cottonwood (connects with current 3.0 3,260,000 construction to provide continuous freeway from just north of Red Bluff to Anderson, a distance of 16 miles) (also listed in Te- hama County) Various Rights of way (including $1,500,000 for US 99 between Anderson and north of Shasta Lake, and $200,000 for SR 44 between Red- 1,580,000 ding and Palo Cedro)

SIERRA COUNTY

SR 49 Sierra City to Bassetts;construct 2-lane expressway ______4.6 1,300,000 SR 49 Sierraville Creek Bridge and approaches; replace bridge and construct approaches______0.1 46,000 Various Rights of waY------60,000 SISffiYOU COUNTY

SR 96 Indian Creek $ridge at Happy Camp; bridge replacement______160,000 HR 82 Etna-Yreka Highway-2.4 miles north of Etna to 0.4 mile south of Bidder Creek; construct 2-lane highway (leaves only one un- 3.2 324,200 improved stretch beteen Yreka and Etna) Various Rights of way------106,000 SOLANO COUNTY

IIS 40 Near Cordelia Road to west of Travis Boulevard west of Fairfield; functional and tree planting______6.4 7b,000 US 40 4.5 miles northeast of Vacaville-Dunnigan Cutoff to 1.3 miles north of Dixon-Rio Vista Highway; construct 6-lane freeway______T.0 2,600,000 SR 48 Napa River Bridge near Vallejo; construct bridge substructure______2,550,000 Various Rights of 70,0@0 wa➢------SONOMA COIINTY

IIS 101 Russian River to Lytton Forestry Station north of Healdsburg;tree planting ______3.9 8,b00 IIS 101 1.0 mile south of Washington School Road to 0.6 mile north of Hiatt Road north of Geyserville; construct 4-lane freeway 3.6 2,4Q0,000 SR 12 Farmers Lane to 0.1 mile east to Brush Creek in and near Santa Rosa; widen exiting 2-lane highway to provide 4-lane divided 0.8 176,000 section. (Cooperative project-Santa Rosa share $17,000, Sonoma County Flood ~ontrol District, $50,000) (State share) SR 12 0.4 mile west of Occidental Road to 1.2 miles east of South E Street in and near Santa Rosa; construct 4-lane freeway and express- 4.1 b,240,000 way for 3 miles with rough grading on an additional 1.1 miles Vuious Rights of way (including $1,b00,000 for US 101 freeway at Santa Rosa)______2,456,000

STANISLAUS COUNTY

Various Rights of way------96Q00~ SIITTER COUNTY

SR 20 4.6 miles east of Colusa to Drexler Road; construct 2-lane expressway including new Sacramento River Bridge near Meridian 5.1 1,980,00 (also listed in Colusa County) VariousRights of waY------1OQ000 TEHAMA COUNTY

IIS 99 Q.6 mile south to 2.6 miles north of the Shasta County line; construct 4-lane freeway through Cottonwood (connects with current 3.0 3,2b0,006 construction to provide continuous freeway from just north of Red Bluff to Anderson, a distance of 16 miles) (also listed in Shasta County) Various Rights of cvay------616,000 TRINITY COUNTY

IIS 299 7.9 miles east to 10.0 miles east of Douglas City; construct 2-lane expressway 1.9 1,3b0,000 VariousRights of way------10,000 TULARE COIINTY

IIS 99 Paige Road to 0.6 mile north of Prosperity Avenue in and near Tulare; landscape and tree planting______3.7 200,000 IIS 99 1.0 mile north of Goshen to Traver; convert expressway to 4-lane freeway______6.9 856,000 IIS 99 1.3 miles south to Fresno County line; convert expressway to 4-lane freeway. (This project and previously listed job will complete 1.3 660,000 freeway development on US 99 in Tulare County) SR 198 Mooney Boulevard to 0.4 mile east of Road 1S6 in and near Visalia (portions); structures and frontage roads as the first unit of 2,425,000 four-lane freeway construction through Visalia (grading and paving to be included in later project) SR 190 0.6 mile west of Sign Route 6b near Porterville to 0.3 mile east of Hospital Road; construct 4-lane expressway 3.9 1,700,000 HR 133 Visalia-Woodlake Highway-St. Johns River to Ivanhoe; widening and reconstruction ______2.2 20Q000 HR 135 Central Valley Highway-Kings County line to 1.0 mile south; reconstruct and widen______~ 1,0 92,000 Various Rights of way (including a2,000,000for SR 198 freeway in and near Visalia)______2,368,000

TIIOLUMNE COUNTY

SR 108 1.0 mile east of Mi-Wuk village to 3.T miles east of Long Barn; construct 2-lane expressway ______7.0 1,600,000 SR 30S Eagle Creek Bridge near Dardanelle;replace bridge and construct approaches______..______- 66,000 236,000 Various Rights of waY------

~~ California Highways and Public Works Route Approx. Estimated Description mileage cost

VENTURA COIINTY IIS 101 Ventura Freeway-0.1 mile southeast line to 0.4 mile west of Triunfo vert to full of Los Angeles County Road; construct interchange to con- ______$420,900 freeway (also listed in Los IIS 101 Ventura Freeway-0.3 Angeles County) mile southeast of mile southeast of Las Posas Road near change aad frontage Genieve Road to 0.2 Camarillo; construct inter- ______450,000 roads to convert to full freeway IIS 101 Ventura Freeway-0.4 mile southeast of Wood Road mile southeast of Vineyard Avenue near El interchange and frontage to 0.3 Rio (portions); construct ______9b0,000 roads to convert to full freeway IIS 101 Ventura Freeway~.3 mile east of Telephone Road to California Street in Ventura; landscape______SR 118 Los Angeles Avenue—Moorpark 4.6 240.000 Road to Los Angeles County line (portions); intersection improvements and left turn lanes_ _ _ SR 126 0.1 mile west of Wells Road to ______100,000 0.7 mile east of east city limit of Santa Paula; construct 4-lane freeway (connects with now under construction to west) freeway 8.6 7,000,000 Various Rights of way------3,000,000 YOLO COUNTY IIS 40 & 99W Sacramento River Bridge neaz W and X Streets in Sacramento; bridge substructure for future freeway Sacramento County) crossing (also listed in ______1,260,000 IIS 99W 0.6 mile north of Russell Boulevard to Mullen Crossing reconstruct Various north of Davis; and widen______6.6 360,000 Rights of waY------360,000 YUBA COUNTY Various Rights of wa9------160,000

~lovember-December 1961 79

~C(1 ~C(1

ift ift CA CA LiF LiF P2SNTING P2SNTING fi~ett fi~ett ORi: ORi: :.4 :.4 STA OPFICE OPFICE ?L ?L "~~~~ "~~~~ 51150 51150 12 -61 -61 SBM

BARNETT BARNETT CLYDE CLYDE P. P. Chief Chief Director, Director, of of Division

DIVISION DIVISION AERONAUTICS OF OF

Service Service Administrative Administrative ALAN ALAN Officer A. A. HIMMAN HIMMAN

ERNST ERNST

Area Area MAAG MAAG III, III, Los Los

Angeles CLARENCE CLARENCE T. T. TROOP

Area Area

III, III,

Los Los

Angeles

M. M.

A. A.

Area Area EWING EWING il, il,

Sacramento

Supervisor Supervisor

of of LEWANDOWSKI LEWANDOWSKI Project Project Management i. i.

yy~LLIAM yy~LLIAM

COOK

Area Area

II, II,

Sacramento

~ ~ CHEESEBROUGH CHEESEBROUGH W. W. F. F. Area Area I, I, San San Francisco

THOMAS THOMAS Los Los

Angeles Angeles Office M. M. CURRAN Afed Afed I, I, Oakland Schoolhouse Schoolhouse Section

Area Area Engineers Structural Structural Area Area Cons /rucTion /rucTion Supervisors

CONSTRUCTION CONSTRUCTION CHARLES CHARLES SERVICE— M. HERD HERD Chief Chief Construction

Engineer

Information Information FRANK FRANK Officer B, B,

1R. 1R. DURKEE, DURKEE,

A• A•

H. H. BROWNFIELD BROWNFIELD Supervising Supervising C. C. Structural Structural Engineer H. H. JACKSON

Supervising Supervising

Specification Specification

Writer

Management Management

Division Division

JUSTIN JUSTIN Analyst

DuCRAY DuCRAY

ANDREW ANDREW

Supervising Supervising LOUARGAND LOUARGAND

Engineer

Electrical Electrical . .

R. R. J. J. Chief Chief . CHEESMAN CHEESMAN Architectural Architectural

Draftsman

Office Office

Supervisor Supervisor W. W. Services F. F. PARKS PARKS of of

PRESTON PRESTON

Mechanical Mechanical Supervising Supervising ROCHE ROCHE Engineer

ROBERT ROBERT

1. 1.

PALEN

Supervising Supervising Estimator

0. 0. I. I. I. I. Accounting Accounting E. E. Officer LEVINE LEVINE Principal Principal ANDERSON ANDERSON Engineer

LEONARD LEONARD CHERNOFF Supervising Supervising

Electrical Electrical

Engineer

GUSTAV GUSTAV B. B. Chief Chief Specification Specification VEHN VEHN Writer

Service Service Administra HENRY HENRY Officer #ive #ive R. R. CROWLE CROWLE

C. C. W. W. RHODES Mechanical Mechanical Supervising Supervising

Engineer

JOHN JOHN S. S. MOORE MOORE

Supervisor Supervisor

of of Special Special Projects

Supervisor Supervisor

and and of of THOMAS THOMAS Scheduling Scheduling tHINN tHINN Control

LESTER LESTER

H. H.

MULLEN Principal Principal Engineer

L. L.

CLIFFORD CLIFFORD

Chief Chief IVERSON IVERSON Architectural Architectural Draftsman

IAN IAN lEE lEE Coordination of of

Project Project

Supervisor Supervisor WAISON WAISON

CHARLES CHARLES Structural Structural PETERSON Principal Principal Engineer EDWARD EDWARD G. G. SCHLEI6ER SCHLEI6ER Principal Principal . . Estimator

JAMES JAMES W. W. ,Principal ,Principal Project Project R. R. A. A. VICK VICK Architect Management — GILLEM CARLTON CARLTON Principal Principal Architect L. L. Principal Principal CAMP CAMP Architect

ARTHUR ARTHUR F. F. TOM TOM Assistant Assistant State State DUDMAN DUDMAN

MERET

Architect State State Architect Assistant Assistant

Headquarters Headquarters Office

Headquarters Headquarters U~ce Los Los Angeles Angeles Office

ADMINISTRATIVE ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICE ARCHITECTURE ARCHITECTURE AND AND ENGINEERING ENGINEERING SERVICE

HUBERT HUBERT S. S. HUNTER HUNTER Deputy Deputy Chief, Chief, Administrative EARL EARL W. W. HAMPTON HAMPTON Deputy Deputy Chief, Chief, Architecture, Architecture, Engineering, Engineering, and and Construction

ANSON ANSON BOYD BOYD State State Chief Chief Architect, Architect, of of Division

DIVISION DIVISION OF OF ARCHITECTURE

BEN BEN Principal Principal BALALA BALALA Bri~ge Bri~ge Engineer

RAAB RAAB NORMAN NORMAN C. C. of of Chief Chief Division

FRANCISCO FRANCISCO DIVISiOtd DIVISiOtd SAN SAN OF OF BAY BAY CROSSINGS TOLL TOLL

HADLEY HADLEY GEORGE GEORGE C. C. Assistant Assistant JONES JONES HOLLOWAY HOLLOWAY Chief Chief Assistant Assistant Chief Chief HARRY HARRY S. S. FENTON FENTON Assistant Assistant Chief

ROBERT ROBERT E. E. REED REED . . Chief Chief Counsel

COPITRACTS COPITRACTS DIVISION DIVISION OF OF AI~7D AI~7D RIGFirS -OF -WAY -WAY (LEGAL)

A. A. L. L. ELLIOTT Bridge Bridge Planning Engineer — W. W. L. L. WELCH District District VI, VI, Fresno State -owned -owned Toll Toll Bridges

HOWARD HOWARD R. R. L. L. WOOD .Engineer District District E. E. M. M. H. H. FOLEY WEST WEST Cify Cify Luis Luis and and Co~opera'ive Co~opera'ive V, V, San San of of Obispo Projects Bridge Bridge Engineer

HAYLER R. R. DEKEMA A. A. 1. 1. District District IV, IV, San San Francisco District District XI, XI, San San Diego Engineer Traffic Traffic G. G. M. M. WEBB

G. G. JOHN JOHN L. L. WEYMOUTH MEYER District District A. A. Francisco District District IV, IV, San San X, X, Stockton of of Design Engineer Engineer WARREN W. W. L. L.

C. C. A. A. SHERVINGTON S. S. . ALAN ALAN HART HART Marysville District District III, III, District District IX, IX, Bishop SORENSON SORENSON Engineer EARL EARL . Equipment Equipment E. E.

C. C. MILES H. H. V. V. S. S. KANE KANE District District . . II, II, Redding District VIII, VIII, Bernardino San San REYNOLDS REYNOLDS F. F. . M. M. Survey Survey Planning Planning Engineer

GEORGE GEORGE SAM SAM HELWER HILL A. A. District District I, I, Eureka District District VII, VII, Las Las Angeles PETERSON E. E. 1. 1. L. L. Program Program and and Budget Budget Engineer

Engineers District A. A. L. L. HIMELHOCH District District VII, VII, Los Los Angeles d. d. M. M. HASH Systems Systems Research Research Engineer

H. H. C. C. McCARTY Office Office

Engineer

Assistant Assistant E. E. T. T. TELFORD

State State

Highway Highway

Engineer

SCOTT SCOTT H. H. LATHROP Personnel Personnel and and Public Public Information

vu ~~srricr ~~srricr

JACK JACK COOPER, COOPER,

Secretary

Sacramento H. H. B. B. LA LA FORGE Engineer Engineer of of Federal Federal Secondary Secondary Roads

ABRAHAM ABRAHAM KOFMAN San San 10Se SINCLAIR State State F. F. N. N. Assistant Assistant HVEEM HVEEM . Highway Highway Materials Materials Engineer p. p. and and ), ), Research Research Engineer

MILTON MILTON HARRIS

Construction Construction Engineer District District IV JOHN JOHN ERRECA Los Los Banos

L. L. L. L. FUNK FUNK

. Planning Planning Engineer

1ACQUES 1ACQUES 5. 5. T. T. WOOLLEY ZEEMAN ZEEMAN ROGER ROGER Assistant Assistant Chief Diego San San

(RANK (RANK E. E. BAXTER Maintenance Maintenance Engineer

R. R.

PIANEZZI

S. S. 1. 1. Assistant Assistant Chief

ARTHUR ARTHUR T. T. LUDDY Sacramento

HIGGINS HIGGINS E. E. R. R...... Comptroller

E. E. O'BIER RAY RAY Assistant Assistant Chief

GEO. GEO. LANGSNER Assistant Assistant State State Highway Highway Engineer ROBERT ROBERT E. E. McCIURE Santa Santa

Monica

MacBRIDE DEXTER DEXTER D. D. Assistant Assistant Chiet

J. J. E. E. McMAHON Assistant Assistant State State Highway Highway Engineer

RUDOLF RUDOLF HESS HESS . San San Bernardino of•Way of•Way ~ Chief Chief Right- Agent

LYMAN LYMAN GILLIS

R. R. Assistant Assistant

State State Highway Highway Engineer

JAMES JAMES A. A. GUTHRIE Vice Vice -Way -of Right Chairman

1. 1. A. A. LEGARRA Assistant Assistant State State Engineer Highway Highway

Director of of Public Public Works 1. 1. W. W. TRASK Deputy Deputy State State Highway Highway Engineer DALE DALE DOWNINfi DOWNINfi . Bridge Bridge Engineer Area — Southern Southern

J. J. P. P. MURPHY Deputy Deputy BRADFORD ROBERT ROBERT B. B. State State Chairman Chairman Highway Highway and Engineer 0. 0. JAHLSTROM JAHLSTROM I. I. . Bridge Bridge Engineer — Operations

CHAS. CHAS.

E. E. WAITE WAITE . Deputy Deputy State State Highway Highway Engineer NOLLISTER L. L. L. L. Bridge Bridge Engineer — Special Special Projects

HIGHWAY HIGHWAY COMMISSION

C. C. J.

WOMACK WOMACK State State Highway Engineer, Engineer, Chief Chief of of Division CALIFORNIA

DIVISION DIVISION OE HIGHWAYS

HARRY HARRY

FREEMAN FREEMAN

D. D. Deputy Deputy Director Director (Planning) (Planning) JOHN JOHN N. N. STANFORD STANFORD Assistant Assistant Director Director ALAN ALAN WHITE WHITE S. S. Departmental Departmental Personnel Personnel Officer

RUSSELL RUSSELL

J. J.

Deputy Deputy GOONEY GOONEY Director Director . . iManagemenf) iManagemenf) BAGSHAW BAGSHAW T. T. F. F. . . Assistant Assistant Director Director JUSTIN JUSTIN Departmental Departmental DuCRAY DuCRAY Management Management Analysf

CHAMBERS CHAMBERS FRANK FRANK A. A. . . Director Chief Chief Deputy Deputy

DEPARTMENT DEPARTMENT OF OF PUBLIC PUBLIC WORKS WORKS ROBERT ROBERT B. B. Director BRADFORD, BRADFORD,

ROBERT ROBERT B. B. BRADFORD BRADFORD Administrator

HIGHWAY HIGHWAY TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION AGENCY

EDMUND EDMUND G. G. BROWN, BROWN, Governor

STATE STATE FORK FORK OF OF CALI CALI 0A Recently widened Sacramento River Bridge on U.S. 99 at Redding.

Landscaping on fhe Bayshare Freeway south of San Francisco.

Intersfafe freeway construction on U.S. 40 near Baxter in the Sierra 5

.mss

~''{t ,s~«{r r

~, ~ ~ r ~, ,` r

r j ~I ,'F

:::.s=1a ,.°.

i ~{ ~•

~ h ~ 4 § ~ ~

fr h,

$ ~ S'',

~~~ I +i ga.~'t '~~

8,9 ~a f

'% 'v g~J .,..

=:~. ~.r 4 ~Y n _ ~ x" ~ V~~

R~*. F

v °~

2...,

~~ ~~ ~~a

r e_ .A ~ ..

1 r

i d e ~S.

1t: