Non-Formal Training Program for the Preparation of Football Coaches of the Third Division League in Danlí, Honduras
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ISSN: 1996–2452 RNPS: 2148 January – April. 2019 Vol. 14(1): 71-80 Translated from the original in spanish Non-formal training program for the preparation of football coaches of the third division league in Danlí, Honduras Programa de capacitación no formal para la preparación de entrenadores de fútbol de la liga de tercera división en Danlí, Honduras Yefrik Yair Lanza Reyes1, Yusimil Ramos Quián2, Giraldo Machuat Santana3, Jesús Domínguez García1 1Universidad de Ciencias de la Cultura Física y el Deporte. La Habana, Cuba. E-mail: [email protected] 2Cerro Pelado. La Habana, Cuba. E-mail: [email protected] 3Universidad de Pinar del Río «Hermanos Saiz Montes de Oca», Facultad de Cultura Física «Nancy Uranga Romagoza». Pinar del Río, Cuba. E-mail: [email protected] Received: December 5th, 2018. Accepted: January 11th, 2019. ABSTRACT The results of the determination of with the didactic of sport. It is needs of the lack of methodological concluded that the performance as a theoretical preparation of the coaches soccer coach in the different high of the third division league are shown, performance leagues in Honduras can demonstrating the poor training and only be achieved if the needs are met improvement of the routes they use for and the limitations that it presents are their permanent training. Based on the minimized through formal and non- different data collected, it is obvious formal training. Taking into account that when the coach assesses their these aspects is that it was taken as a needs and the competencies that they sample to 11 soccer coaches of the have, they show that they are not very third division league in Danlí, Honduras clear about the first ones and are not for such research. It aims to design a able to identify the competencies that non-formal training program for the are required for their professional preparation of football coaches of the performance. It is emphasized that third division league in Danlí, most of the interviewees mention as Honduras. the most determining needs those related to the aspects of the structure Keywords: preparation; training; of the planning of sports training, the coach; soccer. application of medical controls and http://podium.upr.edu.cu/index.php/podium/article/view/805 ISSN: 1996–2452 RNPS: 2148 January – April. 2019 Vol. 14(1): 71-80 RESUMEN Se muestran los resultados que deporte. De ahí que el desempeño, determinan las necesidades de la falta como entrenador de fútbol en las de preparación teórica-metodológica diferentes ligas de alto rendimiento, en de los entrenadores de la liga de Honduras, puede lograse solamente si tercera división, lo que demuestra la se atienden las necesidades y se escasa capacitación y superación de minimizan las limitaciones que este las vías que emplean para su presenta, ya sea mediante la formación permanente. A partir de los capacitación formal y no formal. diferentes datos colectados, salta a la Teniendo en cuenta estos aspectos, es vista que cuando el entrenador evalúa que se tomaron como muestra a 11 sus necesidades y las competencias, entrenadores de fútbol de la liga de que posee, denota que no tiene muy tercera división en Danlí, Honduras, claro cuáles son las primeras y no es para dicha investigación. Tiene como capaz de identificar las competencias objetivo diseñar un programa de que le son requeridas para su capacitación, no formal, para la desempeño profesional. Se destaca preparación de entrenadores de fútbol que la mayor parte de los de la liga de tercera división en Danlí, entrevistados mencionan como las Honduras. necesidades más determinantes, aquellas relacionadas con los aspectos Palabras clave: preparación; de la estructura de la planificación del capacitación; entrenador; fútbol entrenamiento deportivo, la aplicación de controles médicos y la didáctica del . INTRODUCTION The historical-concrete conditions in The training and upgrading of coaches which the world lives have generated in today's world is an indispensable transformations, above all, in the aspect for the athlete to reach the political, social and economic spheres. necessary performance for the The constant changes in educational competitions, so it is essential, policies have led teachers to demand because of the complexity and more of the teaching-learning process, variability of the training process, to always responding to current individual require the coach a high level of and social needs. Valencia Torres, H. scientific and technical preparation, A., and García González, M. M. (2018). because dealing with thinking beings forces him to master not only The changes in the conceptualization of knowledge of sport, but biological and the Sports Movement in different psychological processes of the athlete, countries of the world favor massivity which makes him a psychologist, in this human physical activity, starting biochemist, sports doctor, among from the recognition of the right to other branches of knowledge, and sport as a basic aspect for human ensures the success of sports training. development, sport for all and the need to create new strategies focused on full Sports training, as a complex participation and increased equality of pedagogical process, requires a coach opportunities, carried out by the or sports teacher characterized by a communities. Quiñones, F. G. (2018). consequent behavior in the face of self- improvement and love for his http://podium.upr.edu.cu/index.php/podium/article/view/805 ISSN: 1996–2452 RNPS: 2148 January – April. 2019 Vol. 14(1): 71-80 profession, endowed with knowledge, Coach and sportsman are the main convictions and professional skills, actors of the sports scene. which allow him to successfully face the educational process and, in The pedagogical preparation of general, the social assignment coaches is a process that must be assigned. Arencibia Moreno, and represented in the context of the social others (2018). function assigned to the development of sport and physical culture, in which The football coach on the base is the profile of the professional in this undergoing emerging study as a key in area is defined. the formation of the young athlete. The coach is not a mere instructor of The basic knowledge of the discipline is football knowledge, but is seen as a important; the trainer requires professional in charge of coordinating knowledge and skills in the use of a complex scenario in which the Sports Pedagogy, which is manifested protagonist is the athlete, who is in the ability to adapt their sessions to provided with a process of formative- the individual characteristics and sports accompaniment. Orozco, A. M., attitude of the athlete. Pérez, A. A., and Sierra, F. S., (2017). "The preparation is the set of activities A coach's high level of preparation that are carried out systematically to does not end with the acquisition of a improve and deepen the knowledge, higher level, since the accelerated skills and level of preparation development of knowledge requires a according to the fulfillment of their constant updating of scientific functions. concerns, independence and creativity In it, it is specified that the preparation in order to find the causes and respond is oriented in such a way that its results to the different pedagogical are reverted in the achievement of a phenomena presented to him. more qualified work by all the teaching personnel in exercise, therefore, its In order to raise the trainer's level of objectives are directed to the preparation, it is necessary to improvement of the teaching- overcome it adequately, depending on educational process, in individual and those aspects that require a change. collective form, its organization and planning require of a precise criterion The participation of coaches is to materialize, being the most suitable transcendental in the incorporation, form the methodological preparation. training and development of athletes to increase their performance and Training is called the action and effect even, in effects, counterproductive to of training someone. Training, as such, the sport, as the abandonment by designates the action of providing a participants is. person with new knowledge and tools to develop to the maximum their skills Feltz, (1992), points out that 80 % of and abilities in the performance of a children who begin in sport abandon it. job. Among the most significant causes is the performance of the coach. Of the Training, in the context of research, is 80% of children and adolescents who assumed from the concepts of distance from sport, 60 % do it due to advanced education, which has been mistreatment, punitive behaviour, defined synthetically by Añorga excessive training, champeonism, lack (2004), as "an alternative educational of positive reinforcements, prejudices paradigm for the professional and and other negative actions by coaches. http://podium.upr.edu.cu/index.php/podium/article/view/805 ISSN: 1996–2452 RNPS: 2148 January – April. 2019 Vol. 14(1): 71-80 human improvement of labor and necessary applicability of this community resources". knowledge in the sport training as pedagogical process. Pupo, (2017). Cázares Arrangoiz, D., and Siliceo, (2005), defines it as "Training is the Training and improvement in educational function of a company or Honduras, in the official newspaper of organization by which present needs the Republic of Honduras, "La Gaceta", are satisfied and future needs are is decreed by the Fundamental Law of foreseen with respect to the Education in TITLE II Structure of the preparation and ability of National Education System, CHAPTER I collaborators. National Education System. While Bohlander, G. and Colectivo de Formal education is organized in a Autores, (2001), express it in the regular sequence of levels subject to following way: "The term training is progressive curricular guidelines often used casually to refer to the leading to grades and degrees. generality of the efforts initiated by an organization to promote the learning of ARTICLE 17. Non-formal education is its members. oriented towards satisfying specific educational needs or those different García, (2005), defends, as a premise from those served by formal education.