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Irak : Daech Utilise Des Armes Chimiques Contre Les Pechmergas

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Irak : Daech Utilise Des Armes Chimiques Contre Les Pechmergas INSTITUT KURD E DE PARIS Bulletin de liaison et d’information N°373 AVRIL 2016 La publication de ce Bulletin bénéficie de subventions des Ministères français des Affaires étrangères et de la Culture ————— Ce bulletin paraît en français et anglais Prix au numéro : France: 6 € — Etranger : 7,5 € Abonnement annuel (12 numéros) France : 60 € — Etranger : 75 € Périodique mensuel Directeur de la publication : Mohamad HASSAN Maquette et mise en page : Şerefettin ISBN 0761 1285 INSTITUT KURDE, 106, rue La Fayette - 75010 PARIS Tél. : 01- 48 24 64 64 - Fax : 01- 48 24 64 66 www.fikp.org E-mail: [email protected] Bulletin de liaison et d’information de l’Institut kurde de Paris N° 373 avril 2016 • CIZRE : LA TURQUIE ACCUSÉE DE CRIMES CONTRE L’HUMANITÉ • TURQUIE : L’IMPASSE MILITAIRE DE LA « LIGNE ERDOĞAN » • KURDISTAN D’IRAK : DAECH UTILISE DES ARMES CHIMIQUES CONTRE LES PECHMERGAS • IRAK : DES RELATIONS BAGDAD-ERBIL DANS L’IMPASSE • YEZIDIS : 3500 FEMMES ET ENFANTS TOUJOURS ENTRE LES MAINS DE DAECH • ROJAVA : LE FÉDÉRALISME DES KURDES FAIT DÉBAT, AFFRONTEMENTS AVEC LE RÉGIME À QAMISHLO CIZRE : LA TURQUIE ACCUSÉE DE CRIMES CONTRE L’HUMANITÉ e 26 avril, l’Association Ce rapport de 84 pages, acces - pente opposée ont continuelle - turque des Droits de sible en anglais sur le site de ment bombardé au mortier et l’Homme ( İnsan Hakları l’IHD ( http://en.ihd.org.tr/ ), aux grenades tout en tirant à L Derneği , İHD) a fait par - fait état de violations effrayantes balles réelles à l’arme légère. venir au bureau du des Droits de l’homme perpé - Lors de la visite, eau et électricité Haut-Commissaire des Nations trées durant les 79 jours de étaient toujours coupés, les unies aux Droits de l’homme couvre-feu imposés sur Cizre du réseaux (y compris les égouts) (HCDH) un rapport sur les mas - 14 décembre 2015 au 02 mars ayant été détruits. Des témoins sacres de masse commis contre la 2016, et apporte des présomp - ont déclaré avoir dû quitter leurs population kurde dans la ville tions graves de meurtres de habitations, car snipers et mili - turque de Cizre. Le Président de masse de civils. taires déployés autour de l’hôpi - l’Association, Özturk tal public et sur les collines envi - Turkdoğan, a accusé le gouver - Les auteurs qui ont visité la ville ronnantes « faisaient feu sur tout nement de crimes contre l’huma - après la fin du couvre-feu rap - ce qui bougeait ». D’autres ont nité, ajoutant que l’absence d’in - portent la destruction complète fait état d’avertissements lancés dépendance de la justice turque de plusieurs quartiers, comme par haut-parleurs depuis les la rendait incapable d’évaluer pour la rue Yafes que, selon les véhicules blindés disant : « Si correctement les actions de ses témoins interviewés, les mili - vous ne quittez pas votre loge - forces de sécurité. taires ayant pris position sur la ment, nous ferons usage d’armes • 2 • Bulletin de liaison et d’information n° 373 • avril 2016 chimiques ». Les militaires ont lés « pour les besoins de l’enquê - Les forces de sécurité apparais - parfois incendié un immeuble te » par les forces spéciales. sent avoir systématiquement entier (comme rue de Nusaybin) « nettoyé » les traces des crimes simplement parce qu’un slogan y Lors de leur entrée au quartier de commis dans les caves en incen - avait été écrit sur un mur. Cudî, également bombardé à dis - diant et détruisant les lieux et en tance à partir de l’école primaire jetant des restes humains dans le En revenant dans leurs apparte - El Ceziri, les auteurs témoignent Tigre. Malgré cela, des restes ments détruits, les habitants ont d’une forte odeur de corps brûlés, brûlés (morceaux d’os, mains…) fréquemment constaté le pillage en particulier près d’un des trois ont été retrouvés dans certaines de leurs biens, l’électroménager immeubles (à présent effondrés) caves. Une partie d’un bras trop lourd pour être emporté où des civils prisonniers sont humain a également été retrou - ayant été détruit à l’arme à feu morts dans une cave. Des témoins vée (et photographiée) sous un ou brûlé. Des slogans racistes ou ont rapporté avoir vu durant le pont sur la rive du Tigre. Les ten - à connotation sexuelle menaçant couvre-feu devant ces immeubles tatives de dissimulation des explicitement les femmes kurdes des rangées de sacs contenant des exactions se sont poursuivies ont été retrouvés sur les murs. Le corps avant qu’ils ne soient une fois les restes remis aux rapport rappelle que le 11 février emportés par les forces de sécuri - familles : pour éviter une enquê - dernier, deux photos de corps té. Au n° 23 rue Bostanci, 26 sacs, te, les autorités ont imposé l’in - féminins avaient été partagées au n° 6 rue Narin, plus de 60 humation sous 24 h, se donnant sur les réseaux sociaux, et fait sacs… Un employé municipal a le droit en cas de désobéissance état du soupçon d’exactions témoigné que, rue Bostanci, deux de retirer les restes aux familles sexuelles. corps seulement étaient entiers, pour y procéder elles-mêmes ! mais brûlés, les autres sacs ne Des interviewés blessés durant contenant plus que des restes L’İHD a demandé à les opérations chez eux ou dans pesant de 5 à 10 kg. Les avocats l’Organisation des Nations Unies leur jardin (donc n’ayant pas des familles ont indiqué que des et au Comité international de la contrevenu au couvre-feu) ont corps ont été envoyés pour identi - Croix-Rouge l’envoi d’une mis - témoigné avoir dû attendre une fication dans différentes villes : 78 sion de surveillance en Turquie, ambulance des heures. À l’hôpi - à Habur, 13 à Şırnak, 28 à Urfa, 20 son président demandant des tal de Cizre, ils n’ont été enfin à Antep, 17 à Mardin, 6 à Malatya réunions pour en examiner les traités qu’après avoir été harce - et 16 à Cizre même... modalités. TURQUIE : L’IMPASSE MILITAIRE DE LA « LIGNE ERDOĞAN » e président turc Erdoğan kurdes n’ont jamais fait qu’aug - Kiziltepe, dans la province de a opté depuis bientôt un menter le soutien de la population Mardin, faisant un mort civil et 18 an pour une ligne poli - kurde à la guérilla. L’armée turque blessés. Le 3, une autre bombe a L tique de guerre civile semble-t-elle plus proche du but tué 5 soldats et un officier des contre la population cette fois-ci ? En passant en revue forces spéciales à Nusaybin, qui kurde de son pays, avec un objectif les attaques menées par celle-ci se trouvait pourtant sous couvre- qui apparaît comme hautement durant le mois d’avril, il est permis feu depuis la mi-mars. Le 5, à personnel : obtenir le soutien des d’en douter. Silopi, une attaque à la roquette a nationalistes dans son projet d’éta - frappé un véhicule blindé de la blissement d’un pouvoir présiden - Le 31 mars à Diyarbakir, 7 poli - police, tuant un officier et blessant tiel. Même s’il a déclaré que le but ciers turcs ont été tués et 13 bles - 4 policiers – et menant à l’imposi - de son action était l’éradication du sés par une bombe commandée à tion d’un couvre-feu. Le 8, de PKK, l’usage systématique dans les distance au passage d’un bus de nouveau à Nusaybin, 1 officier et villes kurdes du couvre-feu total la police, et qui a également blessé 4 membres des forces de sécurité donne aux opérations militaires la 14 civils. Arrivé dans la ville le ont été tués dans des affronte - forme d’une guerre contre l’en - lendemain 1 er avril, le Premier ments avec des militants kurdes. semble de la population. Quant à ministre Ahmet Davutoğlu n’a pu Le 12, une autre attaque à la l’éradication prochaine du PKK… que suivre la cérémonie funéraire bombe a totalement rasé un caser - Combien de fois a-t-elle été procla - des policiers tués… Durant la nement des forces spéciales à mée depuis les années 80 ? nuit, une autre attaque du PKK Hani (officiellement 2 soldats tués L’Histoire a montré que les vio - contre une installation électrique et plus de 50 personnes blessées, lences exercées contre les civils de l’armée s’est produite à mais le PKK a annoncé 11 morts n° 373 • avril 2016 Bulletin de liaison et d’information • 3• parmi les forces spéciales). La liste Les réactions à l’international se Dans plusieurs pays européens, les se poursuit avec le 16 la mort de 4 font de plus en plus inquiètes à la critiques viennent de la société civi - soldats près de Mardin (bombe perspective du chemin dans lequel le. Ainsi au Royaume Uni, une contre un véhicule), le 23 celle M. Erdoğan entraîne le pays. Le 3, campagne pour la libération d’un officier près de Şırnak, et juste après la première attaque sur d’Abdullah Öcalan a été lancée le d’un soldat à Nusaybin dans des Nusaybin, Fédérica Mogherini, 25 dans l’enceinte du Parlement combats de rue. Enfin le 29 un représentante diplomatique de britannique en présence de plu - attentat suicide a blessé 13 per - l’UE, a appelé la Turquie à relancer sieurs membres des deux sonnes devant une mosquée à le processus de paix, rappelant Chambres par une table ronde Bursa. L’auteur, une femme, a été qu’il avait dans le passé « donné organisée par deux des plus impor - désignée par les autorités comme des résultats positifs et promet - tants syndicats du pays, Unite et une ancienne militante du PKK teurs ». Deux jours plus tard, le GMB, avec le soutien du syndicat ayant aussi combattu en Syrie… Président turc a répondu en écossais Unison .
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