Veganismo. De La Teoría a La Acción Y, Aunque Por Desgracia Siga Siendo Igual De Necesario, Hay Algunas Cosas Que Parecen Estar Cambiando

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Veganismo. De La Teoría a La Acción Y, Aunque Por Desgracia Siga Siendo Igual De Necesario, Hay Algunas Cosas Que Parecen Estar Cambiando VEGANISMO - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - De la TEORÍA a la ACCIÓN - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Salvador Cotelo - Teresa Tristán Este libro ve la luz por primera vez en Madrid, a finales de 2011. La segunda edición se imprimió en agosto de 2013. La tercera y presente edición ha sido editada en octubre de 2018. ochodoscuatro ediciones Depósito Legal: M-16819-2018 ISBN: 978-84-946223-6-6 Todos los beneficios de este libro irán destinados a la difusión de las ideas antiespecistas. Queda terminantemente recomendada la difusión total o parcial de esta obra siempre y cuando se utilice con fines no comerciales. Para cualquier otro uso, es necesaria la autorización expresa de la asamblea de la editorial. Índice Prólogo del colectivo editorial .............................................. 5 Prólogo a la presente edición .................................................7 Prólogo a la primera edición ................................................17 Introducción ........................................................................... 21 La teoría Las diferentes formas de discriminación ...................................25 El especismo argumentado en profundidad .............................33 Los derechos animales ..................................................................49 Alimentación ..................................................................................57 Vivisección ......................................................................................75 Zoológicos ......................................................................................87 Tauromaquia ...................................................................................97 Caza y pesca ..................................................................................111 Vivir con animales .......................................................................119 Ovolactovegetarianos ..................................................................131 Proteger el hogar de los animales ..............................................137 La acción ¿Por qué ayudar a los animales? ................................................151 Diferentes estrategias, diferentes resultados ...........................155 Transmitir el mensaje ..................................................................163 Otras cuestiones relevantes ........................................................171 Protectoras, refugios y santuarios .............................................177 Protestas .........................................................................................181 Investigaciones ..............................................................................187 Interrupciones de actos ...............................................................203 El sabotaje de la caza ....................................................................209 Sabotaje de propiedad .................................................................213 Los rescates ...................................................................................227 Las liberaciones .............................................................................233 Apoyo a activistas represaliados ................................................241 La violencia física .........................................................................245 Bibliografía / webgrafía ......................................................257 PRÓLOGO DEL COLECTIVO EDITORIAL Han pasado ya unos años desde la primera edición de Veganismo. De la teoría a la acción y, aunque por desgracia siga siendo igual de necesario, hay algunas cosas que parecen estar cambiando. En este breve prólogo queremos remarcar dos ejemplos. El primero, la introducción del término veganismo en el Diccionario de la Lengua Española de la conservadora Real Academia Española, en el año 2013. Esto nos hace darnos cuenta de que, hasta hace bien poco, «veganismo» era una palabra no reconocida oficialmente. Ahora ya sí lo es, y de hecho mucha gente sabe ya lo que significa. Hace unos años decir en tu trabajo que eras vegana iba seguido de una ristra de explicaciones. Hoy esas explicaciones van siendo menos necesarias, el término es bastante conocido y no son pocas las personas que ya conocen a alguien vegano. En 2017 la RAE vuelve a reconocer uno de nuestros términos, este seguramente mucho menos utilizado pero a la vez mucho más sustancioso: «especismo». ¿Es la RAE una organización vanguardista que está siempre atenta de incluir los nuevos conceptos que se proponen para el debate social? Todo parece indicar que más bien al revés. La RAE funciona por reacción. Agradecemos entonces a toda la gente que lleva años denunciando de forma explícita el especismo, con tanta fuerza y constancia que han conseguido semejante repercusión. Además la definición que ha dado la RAE no está nada mal: 1. m. Discriminación de los animales por considerarlos es- pecies inferiores. 5 2. m. Creencia según la cual el ser humano es superior al resto de los animales, y por ello puede utilizarlos en beneficio propio. Estas dos palabras, que de forma tan natural y cotidiana utilizamos muchas de nosotras, no eran oficialmente reco- nocidas cuando salió la primera edición de Veganismo. De la teoría a la acción. Esperamos que esta reedición contribuya a que se sigan produciendo cambios individuales y sociales que desemboquen en un avance de la lucha por conseguir respeto y libertad para los animales. 6 PRÓLOGO A LA PRESENTE EDICIÓN En el pasado la esclavitud humana era algo público y común. Además de las víctimas, sólo un pequeño porcen- taje de la sociedad era consciente de esa injusticia. Entre estas personas, algunas optaron por una vida convencional evitando participar en esta práctica; otras consideraron que eso no era suficiente y decidieron luchar activamente por la abolición. Leer Liberación Animal, de Peter Singer, nos hizo com- prender que la discriminación extrema sigue presente de muchas formas pero que son los animales de otras especies las víctimas que sufren la peor parte. Entender qué es el especismo y cuáles son sus consecuencias hizo que nuestra concepción del mundo y nuestra forma de ver a los animales cambiase. Nuestras vidas también cambiaron. Tuvimos que tomar una decisión sobre qué papel jugar ante esta situación. A lo largo de los ocho años que han transcurrido desde que se publicó este libro, nuestro movimiento ha avanzado. Escenarios que entonces se consideraban impensables son hoy una realidad tangible. Hemos crecido exponencialmente en número y, lo que es más importante, contamos con más activistas preparadas en ámbitos como el periodismo, la filosofía, la ciencia, el diseño gráfico, la música, la fotogra- fía, las redes sociales, el derecho legal, la comunicación, la traducción o la psicología social. No procede dar las gracias por ayudar a quien comparte tu lucha. Pero sí que nos corresponde comenzar este prólogo con un reconocimiento especial a la editorial Ochodoscuatro. 7 Desde el proyecto editorial han participado en la corrección de los textos, hicieron críticas constructivas al contenido y ahora han llevado a cabo la tarea de modificar el lenguaje por otro sin discriminación de género. Se han encargado del diseño, de la impresión, de la difusión y de la distribución del libro. Todos los beneficios recaudados los han invertido en la publicación de otros títulos, en nuevas ediciones de este libro y en apoyar proyectos antiespecistas. A nosotras nos han entregado más de 1.500 €, que nos han permitido llevar a cabo diferentes iniciativas en un proyecto anties- pecista del que formamos parte. Si el libro hubiese sido escrito hoy, habríamos hablado de organizaciones y proyectos del Estado que entonces no existían, como Ética Animal, Askekintza, Serás su voz, Pitziak, Asamblea Antiespecista de Madrid (y otras lo- calidades), Aula Animal, Gallus Gallus, Tras Los Muros, Filming for Liberation, Transfeministas por la Liberación Animal, El caballo de Nietzsche, Gladiadores por la paz y muchos otros que seguro que nos dejamos. También hubiésemos reconocido el trabajo de asociaciones como Equanimal, que sí existía. Ignorarla fue una falta de respeto intencionada que no deberíamos haber hecho. Otras, como Igualdad Animal, sí fueron estudiadas, pero a día de hoy su visión estratégica, sus recursos y su forma de activismo han evolucionado notablemente. Tampoco imaginábamos que en pocos años el número de santuarios animales superaría con creces la veintena, siendo uno de los sectores dentro del activismo que más per- sonas, esfuerzo, dinero y tiempo consume, contribuyendo 8 Prólogo a la presente edición en buena medida a la concienciación social sobre la cues- tión animal. Los cambios también han tenido lugar a escala interna- cional. Puede decirse que el movimiento de defensa animal moderno comenzó en las décadas de los 60 y 70 en Inglate- rra. En los años 80 y 90 el movimiento británico alcanzó su punto álgido y se convirtió en el referente de los primeros colectivos por los animales que surgían en Europa. Continuó así hasta bien entrada la primera década del siglo actual. Entonces, en las islas británicas, la lucha se centraba en la vivisección mediante campañas de confrontación focalizadas en el cierre de criaderos y laboratorios de experimentación animal. Esta estrategia también fue imitada más allá del canal de la Mancha, el mar del Norte o el océano Atlántico y diferentes países como Italia, Suiza, Alemania, Holanda, Suecia, Austria o EEUU comenzaron sus propias campañas contra laboratorios y criaderos
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