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Molecular Species Delimitation and Biogeography of Canadian Marine Planktonic Crustaceans
Molecular Species Delimitation and Biogeography of Canadian Marine Planktonic Crustaceans by Robert George Young A Thesis presented to The University of Guelph In partial fulfilment of requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Integrative Biology Guelph, Ontario, Canada © Robert George Young, March, 2016 ABSTRACT MOLECULAR SPECIES DELIMITATION AND BIOGEOGRAPHY OF CANADIAN MARINE PLANKTONIC CRUSTACEANS Robert George Young Advisors: University of Guelph, 2016 Dr. Sarah Adamowicz Dr. Cathryn Abbott Zooplankton are a major component of the marine environment in both diversity and biomass and are a crucial source of nutrients for organisms at higher trophic levels. Unfortunately, marine zooplankton biodiversity is not well known because of difficult morphological identifications and lack of taxonomic experts for many groups. In addition, the large taxonomic diversity present in plankton and low sampling coverage pose challenges in obtaining a better understanding of true zooplankton diversity. Molecular identification tools, like DNA barcoding, have been successfully used to identify marine planktonic specimens to a species. However, the behaviour of methods for specimen identification and species delimitation remain untested for taxonomically diverse and widely-distributed marine zooplanktonic groups. Using Canadian marine planktonic crustacean collections, I generated a multi-gene data set including COI-5P and 18S-V4 molecular markers of morphologically-identified Copepoda and Thecostraca (Multicrustacea: Hexanauplia) species. I used this data set to assess generalities in the genetic divergence patterns and to determine if a barcode gap exists separating interspecific and intraspecific molecular divergences, which can reliably delimit specimens into species. I then used this information to evaluate the North Pacific, Arctic, and North Atlantic biogeography of marine Calanoida (Hexanauplia: Copepoda) plankton. -
NON-INDIGENOUS SPECIES in the MEDITERRANEAN and the BLACK SEA Carbonara, P., Follesa, M.C
Food and AgricultureFood and Agriculture General FisheriesGeneral CommissionGeneral Fisheries Fisheries Commission Commission for the Mediterraneanforfor the the Mediterranean Mediterranean Organization ofOrganization the of the Commission généraleCommissionCommission des pêches générale générale des des pêches pêches United Nations United Nations pour la Méditerranéepourpour la la Méditerranée Méditerranée STUDIES AND REVIEWS 87 ISSN 1020-9549 NON-INDIGENOUS SPECIES IN THE MEDITERRANEAN AND THE BLACK SEA Carbonara, P., Follesa, M.C. eds. 2018. Handbook on fish age determination: a Mediterranean experience. Studies and Reviews n. 98. General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean. Rome. pp. xxx. Cover illustration: Alberto Gennari GENERAL FISHERIES COMMISSION FOR THE MEDITERRANEAN STUDIES AND REVIEWS 87 NON-INDIGENOUS SPECIES IN THE MEDITERRANEAN AND THE BLACK SEA Bayram Öztürk FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome, 2021 Required citation: Öztürk, B. 2021. Non-indigenous species in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea. Studies and Reviews No. 87 (General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean). Rome, FAO. https://doi.org/10.4060/cb5949en The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dashed lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. -
Phylogenomic Analysis of Copepoda (Arthropoda, Crustacea) Reveals Unexpected Similarities with Earlier Proposed Morphological Ph
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Papers from the Nebraska Center for Biotechnology Biotechnology, Center for 1-2017 Phylogenomic analysis of Copepoda (Arthropoda, Crustacea) reveals unexpected similarities with earlier proposed morphological phylogenies Seong-il Eyun University of Nebraska - Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/biotechpapers Part of the Biotechnology Commons, Molecular, Cellular, and Tissue Engineering Commons, Other Genetics and Genomics Commons, and the Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Commons Eyun, Seong-il, "Phylogenomic analysis of Copepoda (Arthropoda, Crustacea) reveals unexpected similarities with earlier proposed morphological phylogenies" (2017). Papers from the Nebraska Center for Biotechnology. 10. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/biotechpapers/10 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Biotechnology, Center for at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Papers from the Nebraska Center for Biotechnology by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Eyun BMC Evolutionary Biology (2017) 17:23 DOI 10.1186/s12862-017-0883-5 RESEARCHARTICLE Open Access Phylogenomic analysis of Copepoda (Arthropoda, Crustacea) reveals unexpected similarities with earlier proposed morphological phylogenies Seong-il Eyun Abstract Background: Copepods play a critical role in marine ecosystems but have been poorly investigated in phylogenetic studies. Morphological evidence supports the monophyly of copepods, whereas interordinal relationships continue to be debated. In particular, the phylogenetic position of the order Harpacticoida is still ambiguous and inconsistent among studies. Until now, a small number of molecular studies have been done using only a limited number or even partial genes and thus there is so far no consensus at the order-level. -
Irish Biodiversity: a Taxonomic Inventory of Fauna
Irish Biodiversity: a taxonomic inventory of fauna Irish Wildlife Manual No. 38 Irish Biodiversity: a taxonomic inventory of fauna S. E. Ferriss, K. G. Smith, and T. P. Inskipp (editors) Citations: Ferriss, S. E., Smith K. G., & Inskipp T. P. (eds.) Irish Biodiversity: a taxonomic inventory of fauna. Irish Wildlife Manuals, No. 38. National Parks and Wildlife Service, Department of Environment, Heritage and Local Government, Dublin, Ireland. Section author (2009) Section title . In: Ferriss, S. E., Smith K. G., & Inskipp T. P. (eds.) Irish Biodiversity: a taxonomic inventory of fauna. Irish Wildlife Manuals, No. 38. National Parks and Wildlife Service, Department of Environment, Heritage and Local Government, Dublin, Ireland. Cover photos: © Kevin G. Smith and Sarah E. Ferriss Irish Wildlife Manuals Series Editors: N. Kingston and F. Marnell © National Parks and Wildlife Service 2009 ISSN 1393 - 6670 Inventory of Irish fauna ____________________ TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary.............................................................................................................................................1 Acknowledgements.............................................................................................................................................2 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................................................3 Methodology........................................................................................................................................................................3 -
Canuellidae: Copepoda) from the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman
Iranian Journal of Animal Biosystematics (IJAB) Vol.14, No.2, 131-136, 2018 ISSN: 1735-434X (print); 2423-4222 (online) DOI: 10.22067/ijab.v14i2.77749 A first report of Canuellina insignis Gurrney, 1927 (Canuellidae: Copepoda) from The Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman Nazari, F.1, 2, Mirshamsi, O.1, 3, Sari, A.4 and Aliabadian, M.1, 3 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran 2 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Jiroft, Jiroft, 7867161167, Iran 3Department of Zoological Innovations (RDZI), Institute of Applied Zoology, Faculty of science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad,, Iran 4School of Biology and Centre of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran (Received: 15 September 2018; Accepted: 10 October 2018) In the study on biodiversity and systematics of meiobenthic copepods from northern coastline of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, a canuelloid species, Canuellina insignis Gurrney, 1927 was found. This is the first report of the species in Iranian waters and also in the area. Key words: Canuellidae, Copepods, meiobenthic, littoral zone, Iran. INTRODUCTION The following report deals with littoral copepods collected from the northern part of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman. Copepods taken from sediments and weed-washing, belonged to the Canuellidae Lang, 1944. Currently, the family accommodated 19 genera and 59 species (Song et al., 2018; Nazari et al, 2018). In the prior study on meiobenthic copepods, three new species belonging to the family Canuellidae were described from the region for the first time (Nazari et al., 2018). -
Molecular Insights to Crustacean Phylogeny
MOLECULAR INSIGHTS TO CRUSTACEAN PHYLOGENY DISSERTATION zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades (Dr. rer. nat.) an der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn vorgelegt von BJOERN MARCUS VON REUMONT Bonn – Oktober 2009 Angefertigt mit der Genehmigung der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn. Diese Dissertation wurden am Zoologischen Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig in Bonn durchgeführt. Tag der mündlichen Prüfung 29.01.2010 Erscheinungsjahr 2010 Betreuer Prof. Dr. Johann-Wolfgang Waegele Prof. Dr. Bernhard Y. Misof […] Make up your mind, plan before and follow that plan. […] An unforgivenable sin is quitting. Never give up and keep on going. The only struggle should be to solve the problem or survive. […] Focus on the task and on the moment. […] Excerpts of a cave diving manual This basic philosophy for cave diving is not only useful in cave diving but also generally in live and was indeed helping not only once conducting this thesis. And while diving… Dedicated to my family and all good friends – a permanent, safe mainline Contents Molecular insights to crustacean phylogeny CONTENTS SUMMARY / ZUSAMMENFASSUNG 1. INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 CRUSTACEANS AND THEIR CONTROVERSIAL PHYLOGENY – A SHORT OVERVIEW 2 1.2 CONTRADICTING PHYLOGENY HYPOTHESES OF MAJOR CRUSTACEAN GROUPS 6 1.3 EARLY CONCEPTS OF ARTHROPODS AND MAJOR CLADES IN A MODERN BACKGROUND 8 1.4 QUINTESSENCE OF RECENT ARTHROPOD STUDIES 11 1.5 METHODOLOGICAL BACKGORUND 13 1.5.1 THE FUNDAMENT OF ALL MOLECULAR ANALYSES – TAXON CHOICE & 14 ALIGNMENT RECONSTRCUTION 1.5.2 SINGLE GENE DATA – INCORPORATING BACKGROUND KNOWLEDGE TO rRNA ANALYSES 15 1.5.3 PHYLOGENOMIC DATA – A GENERAL OVERVIEW 16 1.6 AIMS OF THE THESIS 19 1.7 SHORT INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW OF ANALYSES [A-C] 20 2. -
PHYLUM ARTHROPODA: Subphylum Crustacea: Class Maxillipoda
MARINE ZOOPLANKTON OF SOUTHERN BRITAIN Part 2: Arachnida, Pycnogonida, Cladocera, Facetotecta, Cirripedia and Copepoda David V.P. Conway Edited by Anthony W.G. John Marine Biological Association Occasional Publications0 No 26 1 MARINE ZOOPLANKTON OF SOUTHERN BRITAIN Part 2: Arachnida, Pycnogonida, Cladocera, Facetotecta, Cirripedia and Copepoda David V.P. Conway Marine Biological Association, Plymouth, UK Edited by Anthony W.G. John Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom Occasional Publications No 26 Front cover from top, left to right: Two types of facetotectan nauplii and a cyprid stage from Plymouth (Image: R. Kirby); Larval turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) faeces containing skeletons of the copepod Pseudocalanus elongatus, their undigested eggs and lipid droplets; The cladoceran Podon intermedius; Zooplankton identification course in MBA Resource Centre; Nauplius stage of parasitic barnacle, Peltogaster paguri. 2 Citation Conway, D.V.P. (2012). Marine zooplankton of southern Britain. Part 2: Arachnida, Pycnogonida, Cladocera, Facetotecta, Cirripedia and Copepoda (ed. A.W.G. John). Occasional Publications. Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, No 26 Plymouth, United Kingdom 163 pp. Electronic copies This guide is available for free download, from the National Marine Biological Library website - http://www.mba.ac.uk/NMBL/ from the “Download Occasional Publications of the MBA” section. © 2012 by the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. No part of this publication should be reproduced in any form without consulting the author. ISSN 02602784 This publication has been prepared as accurately as possible, but suggestions or corrections that could be included in any revisions would be gratefully received. [email protected] 3 Preface The range of zooplankton species included in this series of three guides is based on those that have been recorded in the Plymouth Marine Fauna (PMF; Marine Biological Association. -
A New Tantulocaridan (Crustacea: Maxillopoda) Parasitic on Calanoid, Harpacticoid and Cyclopoid Copepods
A New Tantulocaridan (Crustacea: Maxillopoda) Parasitic on Calanoid, Harpacticoid and Cyclopoid Copepods RoNY Huvs Department of Zoology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, England SusuMu 0HTSUKA Fisheries Laboratory, Hiroshima University, 1294 Takehara-cho, Takehara, Hiroshima 725, Japan and GEOFFREY A. BoxsHALL Department of Zoology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, England With Text-figures 1-4 and Table 1 Abstract Several life-cycle stages of a new genus of Tantulocarida (Crustacea: Maxillopoda), parasitic on three orders of copepods, are described from Okinawa, South Japan. This is the first record of a tantulocaridan on cyclopoid and calanoid hosts. Nipponotantulus heteroxenus n. gen., n. sp. was also found on at least four families of harpacticoid copepods (including both interstitial and epibenthic species), indicating its low level of host specificity. Nipponotantulus is placed in the Basipodellidae on account of the male trunk sac formation and both the setation and segmentation of the thoracopods. It is probably closest to Stygotantulus with which it shares the structure of the sixth thoracopod, but differs in the absence of a medial endite on thoracopod 1, the number of lamellae on the abdomen and the modified medial setae on the caudal ramus. Introduction Tantulocarida are minute, ectoparasitic crustaceans (Maxillopoda) displaying a unique dual life-cycle which is completed without moulting on a crustacean host (Huys et al., 1993b). Hosts include a wide variety of epibenthic and hyper benthic crustaceans such as Copepoda (e.g. Becker, 1975), Ostracoda (Bradford & Hewitt, 1980) and per acarid malacostracans (e.g. Boxshall & Lincoln, 1987; Boxshall & Vader, 1993; Huys et al., 1993a). -
NEAT*Crustacea
1 NEAT (North East Atlantic Taxa): Calantica Gray,1825 C. (Scillaelepas Seguenza,1876) gemma C.W. Aurivillius,1894 South Scandinavian marine CRUSTACEA Check-List off W Iceland compiled at TMBL (Tjärnö Marine Biological Laboratory) by: Scalpellinae Pilsbry,1916 Hans G. Hansson 1990-02-18 / small revisions until April 1996, when it for the 2:nd time was published on Internet, and again after some revisions August 1998. Scalpellum Leach,1818 Citation suggested: Hansson, H.G. (Comp.), 1998. NEAT (North East Atlantic Taxa): South Scandinavian marine S. (Strictoscalpellum Broch,1924) scalpellum (Linnaeus,1767) Crustacea Check-List. Internet pdf Ed., Aug. 1998. [http://www.tmbl.gu.se]. Öresund-Bohuslän-N Norway-Norw. Sea-Faeroes-Br. Isles-W Africa-Mediterranean Denotations: (™) = Genotype @ = Associated to * = General note S. (Strictoscalpellum) stroemi M. Sars,1859 Bohuslän-N Norway-Barents Sea-Spitsbergen-Iceland-Greenland-Faeroes-Shetlands N.B.: This is one of several preliminary check-lists, covering S. Scandinavian marine animal (and partly marine S. (Strictoscalpellum) nymphocola Hoek,1883 protoctist) taxa. Some financial support from (or via) NKMB (Nordiskt Kollegium för Marin Biologi), during the last Shetlands-Norw. Sea-E Greenland-Spitsbergen & Arctic Seas years of the existence of this organisation (until 1993), is thankfully acknowledged. The primary purpose of these checklists is to facilitate for everyone, trying to identify organisms from the area, to know which species that earlier S. (Strictoscalpellum) cornutum G.O. Sars,1879 have been encountered there, or in neighbouring areas. A secondary purpose is to facilitate for non-experts to find as Faeroes-Norw. Sea-Spitsbergen & Arctic Seas correct names as possible for organisms, including names of authors and years of description. -
The Meiobenthos Changes in Bay Sivash, Largest Hypersaline Lagoon Worldwide
Knowl. Manag. Aquat. Ecosyst. 2019, 420, 36 Knowledge & © N. Shadrin et al., Published by EDP Sciences 2019 Management of Aquatic https://doi.org/10.1051/kmae/2019028 Ecosystems Journal fully supported by Agence www.kmae-journal.org française pour la biodiversité RESEARCH PAPER Do separated taxa react differently to a long-term salinity increase? The meiobenthos changes in Bay Sivash, largest hypersaline lagoon worldwide Nickolai Shadrin1, Elena Kolesnikova1, Tatiana Revkova1, Alexander Latushkin2, Anna Chepyzhenko2, Inna Drapun1, Nikolay Dyakov3, and Elena Anufriieva1,* 1 A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, 2 Nakhimov av., 299011 Sevastopol, Russia 2 Marine Hydrophysical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 2 Kapitanskaya St., 299011 Sevastopol, Russia 3 Sevastopol Branch of the N.N. Zubov State Oceanographic Institute, 61 Sovetskaya St., 299011 Sevastopol, Russia Received: 31 May 2019 / Accepted: 29 July 2019 Abstract – In the world’s largest hypersaline lagoon Bay Sivash, its ecosystem twice transformed from a previous state to a new one due to human intervention. Before the North Crimean Canal construction, it was hypersaline (average salinity of 140 g lÀ1). The canal was built between 1963 and 1975, which resulted in intensivedevelopmentofirrigatedagriculturedischarging drainagewaterintothebay.Between1988and2013, salinity gradually dropped to average of 18–23 g lÀ1; a new ecosystem with a different biotic composition formed. In April 2014, the supply of Dnieper water into the North Crimean Canal ceased. This resulted in a gradual salinity increase in the bay to an average of 52 g lÀ1 in 2015. The start of second ecosystem shift was observed in 2015. In 2018, TSS, DOM and meiobenthos were studied in a salinity gradient from 30 to 88 g lÀ1. -
Crustacea: Copepoda) Received: 21 February 2017 Sahar Khodami1, J
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Molecular Phylogeny and Revision of Copepod Orders (Crustacea: Copepoda) Received: 21 February 2017 Sahar Khodami1, J. Vaun McArthur2, Leocadio Blanco-Bercial3 & Pedro Martinez Arbizu1 Accepted: 16 June 2017 For the frst time, the phylogenetic relationships between representatives of all 10 copepod orders have Published: xx xx xxxx been investigated using 28S and 18S rRNA, Histone H3 protein and COI mtDNA. The monophyly of Copepoda (including Platycopioida Fosshagen, 1985) is demonstrated for the frst time using molecular data. Maxillopoda is rejected, as it is a polyphyletic group. The monophyly of the major subgroups of Copepoda, including Progymnoplea Lang, 1948 (=Platycopioida); Neocopepoda Huys and Boxshall, 1991; Gymnoplea Giesbrecht, 1892 (=Calanoida Sars, 1903); and Podoplea Giesbrecht, 1892, are supported in this study. Seven copepod orders are monophyletic, including Platycopioida, Calanoida, Misophrioida Gurney, 1933; Monstrilloida Sars, 1901; Siphonostomatoida Burmeister, 1834; Gelyelloida Huys, 1988; and Mormonilloida Boxshall, 1979. Misophrioida (=Propodoplea Lang, 1948) is the most basal Podoplean order. The order Cyclopoida Burmeister, 1835, is paraphyletic and now encompasses Poecilostomatoida Thorell, 1859, as a sister to the family Schminkepinellidae Martinez Arbizu, 2006. Within Harpacticoida Sars, 1903, both sections, Polyarthra Lang, 1948, and Oligoarthra Lang, 1948, are monophyletic, but not sister groups. The order Canuelloida is proposed while maintaining the order Harpacticoida s. str. (Oligoarthra). Cyclopoida, Harpacticoida and Cyclopinidae are redefned, while Canuelloida ordo. nov., Smirnovipinidae fam. nov. and Cyclopicinidae fam. nov are proposed as new taxa. Copepods are one of the most abundant metazoans on Earth1. During their diversifcation, these small aquatic crustaceans have colonized almost all benthic and planktonic aquatic ecosystems, from deep-sea oceans2 to the crevices of the Himalayan glaciers3. -
Canuellidae: Copepoda) from the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman
Archive of SID Iranian Journal of Animal Biosystematics (IJAB) Vol.14, No.2, 131-136, 2018 ISSN: 1735-434X (print); 2423-4222 (online) DOI: 10.22067/ijab.v14i2.77749 A first report of Canuellina insignis Gurrney, 1927 (Canuellidae: Copepoda) from The Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman Nazari, F.1, 2, Mirshamsi, O.1, 3, Sari, A.4 and Aliabadian, M.1, 3 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran 2 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Jiroft, Jiroft, 7867161167, Iran 3Department of Zoological Innovations (RDZI), Institute of Applied Zoology, Faculty of science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad,, Iran 4School of Biology and Centre of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran (Received: 15 September 2018; Accepted: 10 October 2018) In the study on biodiversity and systematics of meiobenthic copepods from northern coastline of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, a canuelloid species, Canuellina insignis Gurrney, 1927 was found. This is the first report of the species in Iranian waters and also in the area. Key words: Canuellidae, Copepods, meiobenthic, littoral zone, Iran. INTRODUCTION The following report deals with littoral copepods collected from the northern part of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman. Copepods taken from sediments and weed-washing, belonged to the Canuellidae Lang, 1944. Currently, the family accommodated 19 genera and 59 species (Song et al., 2018; Nazari et al, 2018). In the prior study on meiobenthic copepods, three new species belonging to the family Canuellidae were described from the region for the first time (Nazari et al., 2018).