Pacific Lamprey Research and Restoration
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Volume III, Chapter 3 Pacific Lamprey
Volume III, Chapter 3 Pacific Lamprey TABLE OF CONTENTS 3.0 Pacific Lamprey (Lampetra tridentata) ...................................................................... 3-1 3.1 Distribution ................................................................................................................. 3-2 3.2 Life History Characteristics ........................................................................................ 3-2 3.2.1 Freshwater Existence........................................................................................... 3-2 3.2.2 Marine Existence ................................................................................................. 3-4 3.2.3 Population Demographics ................................................................................... 3-5 3.3 Status & Abundance Trends........................................................................................ 3-6 3.3.1 Abundance............................................................................................................ 3-6 3.3.2 Productivity.......................................................................................................... 3-8 3.4 Factors Affecting Population Status............................................................................ 3-8 3.4.1 Harvest................................................................................................................. 3-8 3.4.2 Supplementation................................................................................................... 3-9 3.4.3 -
Relationships Between Anadromous Lampreys and Their Host
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN ANADROMOUS LAMPREYS AND THEIR HOST FISHES IN THE EASTERN BERING SEA By Kevin A. Siwicke RECOMMENDED: Dr. Trent Sutton / / / c ^ ■ ^/Jy^O^^- Dr. Shannon Atkinson Chair, Graduate Program in Fisheries Division APPROVED: Dr.^Michael Castellini Sciences Date WW* RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN ANADROMOUS LAMPREYS AND THEIR HOST FISHES IN THE EASTERN BERING SEA A THESIS Presented to the Faculty of the University of Alaska Fairbanks in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE By Kevin A. Siwicke, B.S. Fairbanks, Alaska August 2014 v Abstract Arctic Lamprey Lethenteron camtschaticum and Pacific Lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus are ecologically and culturally important anadromous, parasitic species experiencing recent population declines in the North Pacific Ocean. However, a paucity of basic information on lampreys feeding in the ocean precludes an incorporation of the adult trophic phase into our understanding of lamprey population dynamics. The goal of this research was to provide insight into the marine life-history stage of Arctic and Pacific lampreys through lamprey-host interactions in the eastern Bering Sea. An analysis of two fishery-independent surveys conducted between 2002 and 2012 in the eastern Bering Sea revealed that Arctic Lampreys were captured in epipelagic waters of the inner and middle continental shelf and were associated with Pacific Herring Clupea pallasii and juvenile salmonids Oncorhynchus spp. In contrast, Pacific Lampreys were captured in benthic waters along the continental slope associated with bottom-oriented groundfish. Consistent with this analysis of fish assemblages, morphology of recently inflicted lamprey wounds observed on Pacific Cod Gadus macrocephalus was similar to morphology of Pacific Lamprey oral discs, but not that of Arctic Lamprey oral discs. -
Lampreys of the St. Joseph River Drainage in Northern Indiana, with an Emphasis on the Chestnut Lamprey (Ichthyomyzon Castaneus)
2015. Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science 124(1):26–31 DOI: LAMPREYS OF THE ST. JOSEPH RIVER DRAINAGE IN NORTHERN INDIANA, WITH AN EMPHASIS ON THE CHESTNUT LAMPREY (ICHTHYOMYZON CASTANEUS) Philip A. Cochran and Scott E. Malotka1: Biology Department, Saint Mary’s University of Minnesota, 700 Terrace Heights, Winona, MN 55987 USA Daragh Deegan: City of Elkhart Public Works and Utilities, Elkhart, IN 46516 USA ABSTRACT. This study was initiated in response to concern about parasitism by lampreys on trout in the Little Elkhart River of the St. Joseph River drainage in northern Indiana. Identification of 229 lampreys collected in the St. Joseph River drainage during 1998–2012 revealed 52 American brook lampreys (Lethenteron appendix), one northern brook lamprey (Ichthyomyzon fossor), 130 adult chestnut lampreys (I. castaneus), five possible adult silver lampreys (I. unicuspis), and 41 Ichthyomyzon ammocoetes. The brook lampreys are non-parasitic and do not feed as adults, so most if not all parasitism on fish in this system is due to chestnut lampreys. Electrofishing surveys in the Little Elkhart River in August 2013 indicated that attached chestnut lampreys and lamprey marks were most common on the larger fishes [trout (Salmonidae), suckers (Catostomidae), and carp (Cyprinidae)] at each of three sites. This is consistent with the known tendency for parasitic lampreys to select larger hosts. Trout in the Little Elkhart River may be more vulnerable to chestnut lamprey attacks because they are relatively large compared to alternative hosts such as suckers. Plots of chestnut lamprey total length versus date of capture revealed substantial variability on any given date. -
Lamprey, Hagfish
Agnatha - Lamprey, Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Super Class: Agnatha Hagfish Agnatha are jawless fish. Lampreys and hagfish are in this class. Members of the agnatha class are probably the earliest vertebrates. Scientists have found fossils of agnathan species from the late Cambrian Period that occurred 500 million years ago. Members of this class of fish don't have paired fins or a stomach. Adults and larvae have a notochord. A notochord is a flexible rod-like cord of cells that provides the main support for the body of an organism during its embryonic stage. A notochord is found in all chordates. Most agnathans have a skeleton made of cartilage and seven or more paired gill pockets. They have a light sensitive pineal eye. A pineal eye is a third eye in front of the pineal gland. Fertilization of eggs takes place outside the body. The lamprey looks like an eel, but it has a jawless sucking mouth that it attaches to a fish. It is a parasite and sucks tissue and fluids out of the fish it is attached to. The lamprey's mouth has a ring of cartilage that supports it and rows of horny teeth that it uses to latch on to a fish. Lampreys are found in temperate rivers and coastal seas and can range in size from 5 to 40 inches. Lampreys begin their lives as freshwater larvae. In the larval stage, lamprey usually are found on muddy river and lake bottoms where they filter feed on microorganisms. The larval stage can last as long as seven years! At the end of the larval state, the lamprey changes into an eel- like creature that swims and usually attaches itself to a fish. -
Spatial Criteria Used in IUCN Assessment Overestimate Area of Occupancy for Freshwater Taxa
Spatial Criteria Used in IUCN Assessment Overestimate Area of Occupancy for Freshwater Taxa By Jun Cheng A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Masters of Science Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Toronto © Copyright Jun Cheng 2013 Spatial Criteria Used in IUCN Assessment Overestimate Area of Occupancy for Freshwater Taxa Jun Cheng Masters of Science Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Toronto 2013 Abstract Area of Occupancy (AO) is a frequently used indicator to assess and inform designation of conservation status to wildlife species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). The applicability of the current grid-based AO measurement on freshwater organisms has been questioned due to the restricted dimensionality of freshwater habitats. I investigated the extent to which AO influenced conservation status for freshwater taxa at a national level in Canada. I then used distribution data of 20 imperiled freshwater fish species of southwestern Ontario to (1) demonstrate biases produced by grid-based AO and (2) develop a biologically relevant AO index. My results showed grid-based AOs were sensitive to spatial scale, grid cell positioning, and number of records, and were subject to inconsistent decision making. Use of the biologically relevant AO changed conservation status for four freshwater fish species and may have important implications on the subsequent conservation practices. ii Acknowledgments I would like to thank many people who have supported and helped me with the production of this Master’s thesis. First is to my supervisor, Dr. Donald Jackson, who was the person that inspired me to study aquatic ecology and conservation biology in the first place, despite my background in environmental toxicology. -
Rare and Sensitive Species: Status Summaries
RARE AND SENSITIVE SPECIES: STATUS SUMMARIES Narratives summarizing the status for 39 rare and mous fishes. Some rare and sensitive species are sensitive species were prepared. These narratives recognized as requiring special protection by are arranged in phylogenetic order and are divided the States of Oregon, Washington, Idaho, or as follows: Distribution and Status, Habitat Rela- Montana. Many are managed as sensitive spe- tionships, and Key Factors Influencing Status. cies by the USDA Forest Service and/or Accompanying each narrative is a map that typi- USDI Bureau of Land Management. Several cally illustrates the probable historic and current were considered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife distribution plus any major introduction sites Service to be Category 2 Candidates for listing mapped at the watershed level. The actual distri- until a February 27, 1996 nationwide decision butions of these species may include small por- to delete all Category 2 taxa from Candidate tions of the watersheds and therefore, are species status. overestimated on the figures. General categories of Although we know less about the rare and sensi- research and information needs are listed for each tive species than the seven key salmonids, analyses species in table 4.53 (see following section "Infor- of existing distribution and reviews of available mation and Research Needs." literature provide important insights about com- These status narratives include a variety of mon threats and appropriate management needs. narrowly distributed endemics, largely un- Many of these taxa occur in isolated areas of the known species, and other native species that Columbia River Basin, in isolated subbasins of the may be important and wide ranging but for Great Basin, or are restricted to the upper Klamath which the assessment area represents a small Basin. -
Good-Lampreys-Hard-To-Find.Pdf
G ood L ampreys A re H ard to F ind ~~~~~~~ by N eal D. Mundahl Winona State University, Winona, MN 55987, [email protected] Illustrations © Joseph R. Tomelleri Most Minnesotans who know anything about lampreys Clandestine Life seem to hate them. But should we? Yes, I realize that the sea lamprey has wreaked havoc with fish in Lake Superior. All of Minnesota’s lampreys have similar life cycles. And yes, we’ve spent lots of money trying to control it Adult lampreys ascend streams to spawn from late April and deal with the consequences of its parasitic lifestyle. to mid-June, depending on locale and species. Awaiting But what about Minnesota’s “other” lampreys, our native the onset of spawning, lampreys hide beneath rocks or species. Are they just as bad? other objects in fast riffles. I once found an American Six species of lampreys live in Minnesota. Our five brook lamprey under a discarded oven door in the South native lampreys are much smaller and far less destructive Fork of the Zumbro River near Rochester. than their distant non-native cousin. Only two native Adults move out of riffles and just upstream to chestnut lamprey, Ichthyomyzon castaneus species—the silver and the chestnut lamprey—share the spawning areas in loose groups. I’ve watched as many as sea lamprey’s behavior of preying on other fish, and they a dozen lampreys move out of hiding within a few minutes seldom have a noticeable effect on their prey populations. and begin to spawn. What stimulates them to begin their Our three other natives—American brook, northern spawning activities together remains a mystery. -
Petition to List US Populations of Lake Sturgeon (Acipenser Fulvescens)
Petition to List U.S. Populations of Lake Sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) as Endangered or Threatened under the Endangered Species Act May 14, 2018 NOTICE OF PETITION Submitted to U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service on May 14, 2018: Gary Frazer, USFWS Assistant Director, [email protected] Charles Traxler, Assistant Regional Director, Region 3, [email protected] Georgia Parham, Endangered Species, Region 3, [email protected] Mike Oetker, Deputy Regional Director, Region 4, [email protected] Allan Brown, Assistant Regional Director, Region 4, [email protected] Wendi Weber, Regional Director, Region 5, [email protected] Deborah Rocque, Deputy Regional Director, Region 5, [email protected] Noreen Walsh, Regional Director, Region 6, [email protected] Matt Hogan, Deputy Regional Director, Region 6, [email protected] Petitioner Center for Biological Diversity formally requests that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (“USFWS”) list the lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) in the United States as a threatened species under the federal Endangered Species Act (“ESA”), 16 U.S.C. §§1531-1544. Alternatively, the Center requests that the USFWS define and list distinct population segments of lake sturgeon in the U.S. as threatened or endangered. Lake sturgeon populations in Minnesota, Lake Superior, Missouri River, Ohio River, Arkansas-White River and lower Mississippi River may warrant endangered status. Lake sturgeon populations in Lake Michigan and the upper Mississippi River basin may warrant threatened status. Lake sturgeon in the central and eastern Great Lakes (Lake Huron, Lake Erie, Lake Ontario and the St. Lawrence River basin) seem to be part of a larger population that is more widespread. -
Pacific and Arctic Lampreys Pacific Lamprey (Entosphenus Tridentatus) (Gairdner, 1836) Family Petromyzontidae Pacific Lamprey (Entosphenus Tridentatus)
Pacific Lamprey 49 Pacific and Arctic Lampreys Pacific Lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus) (Gairdner, 1836) Family Petromyzontidae Pacific Lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus). Photograph by Note: Except for physical description and geographic range data, René Reyes, Bureau of Reclamation. all information is from areas outside of the study area. Colloquial Name: None within U.S. Chukchi and Beaufort Seas. Ecological Role: Its rarity in the U.S. Chukchi Sea and absence from the U.S. Beaufort Sea implies an insignificant role in regional ecosystem dynamics. Physical Description/Attributes: Elongate, eel-like body, blue-black to dark brown dorsally, pale or silver ventrally. For specific diagnostic characteristics, seeFishes of Alaska, (Mecklenburg and others, 2002, p. 61, as Lampetra tridentata) [1]. Swim bladder: Absent [2]. Antifreeze glycoproteins in blood serum: Unknown. Range: Eastern U.S. Chukchi Sea [1, 3]. Elsewhere, from Bering Sea south to Punta Canoas, northern Baja California, Commander Islands, and Pacific coast of Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia, and Honshu, Japan [1]. Relative Abundance: Rare in U.S. Chukchi Sea, with one record near Cape Lisburne, Alaska [1, 3]. Common in southeastern Bering Sea [6]. Widespread at least as far southward as Honshu, Japan [7]. Rare to occasional in marine waters off Commander Islands and Pacific coasts of Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia, and Hokkaido, Japan [1]. Pacific Lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus 170°E 180° 170°W 160°W 150°W 140°W 130°W 120°W 110°W 200 76°N Victoria Island ARCTIC OCEAN Banks 200 Island -
Tribal Pacific Lamprey Restoration Plan
Tribal Pacific Lamprey Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Restorationfor the Columbia River Plan Basin Commission December 19, 2011 Nez Perce · Umatilla · Yakama · Warm Springs Acknowledgements This Tribal Pacific Lamprey Restoration Plan for the Columbia River Basin (Plan) is a product of the efforts of many tribal and non-tribal biologists, policy representatives, and independent scientists throughout the Pacific Northwest. The tribes acknowledge the collective contributions of many that offered their time and expertise to improve this tribal plan. In particular, we thank Casey Justice and Starla Roels for their extensive review of the Plan. The Plan addresses many regional comments on the draft tribal lamprey restoration plan from tribes, public utilities, federal, state and county agencies, independent scientists and the general public. These comments have greatly improved this Plan. This Plan is a living document that will be periodically updated as new information becomes available through adaptive management practices. Figure 1. Pacific lamprey spawning in an Idaho tributary. Tribal Pacific Lamprey Restoration Plan for the Columbia River Basin i Executive Summary The Creator told the people that the eels would always return as long as the people took care of them, but if the people failed to take care of them, they would disappear. —Ron Suppah, Vice Chair, Warm Springs Tribes Pacific lamprey (Lampetra tridentata) Pacific lamprey are just as important to abundance and distribution in the tribal peoples as salmon. For over 10,000 Columbia River basin and throughout years the people of the Nez Perce, the Pacific Northwest is declining Umatilla, Yakama and Warm Springs precipitously, bringing the species tribes depended on lamprey (commonly dangerously close to regional extinction. -
New Data on the Geographic Distribution and Ecology of the Ukrainian Brook Lamprey, Eudontomyzon Mariae (Berg, 1931)
Folia Zool. – 55(3): 282–286 (2006) New data on the geographic distribution and ecology of the Ukrainian brook lamprey, Eudontomyzon mariae (Berg, 1931) 1, 2 3 Boris A. Levin and Juraj HoLčík 1 Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii prospect 33, 119071 Moscow, Russia; e-mail: [email protected] 2 Present address: Institute of Biology of Inland Water, Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok, Yaroslavl’ province, Russia; e-mail: [email protected] 3 Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 06 Bratislava, Slovak Republic; Present address: Drotárska cesta 19, 811 02 Bratislava, Slovak Republic; e-mail: [email protected] Received 10 March 2006; Accepted 18 August 2006 A b s t r a c t . new records of the Ukrainian brook lamprey Eudontomyzon mariae (Berg, 1931) from the upper tributaries of the both volga (Caspian Sea watershed) and Don (Black Sea watershed) river basins are documented. This significantly extends the range of the Ukrainian brook lamprey eastwards. The Ukrainian brook lamprey and the genus Eudontomyzon are the most distributed species and genus of the lampreys in europe, respectively. Key words: Eudontomyzon mariae, geographic distribution, Volga R. basin, Don R.basin, spawning substrate Introduction The surprising discovery of the Ukrainian brook lamprey Eudontomyzon mariae (Berg, 1931) in the elan’-kadada and Sura rivers in the volga River basin (L e v i n 2001) indicated that the geographical distribution of this species can be far more east than it has been initially assumed (H o l č í k & R e n a u d 1986). -
Ecology of the River, Brook and Sea Lamprey Lampetra Fluviatilis, Lampetra Planeri and Petromyzon Marinus
Ecology of the River, Brook and Sea Lamprey Lampetra fluviatilis, Lampetra planeri and Petromyzon marinus Conserving Natura 2000 Rivers Ecology Series No. 5 Ecology of the River, Brook and Sea Lamprey Conserving Natura 2000 Rivers Ecology Series No. 5 Peter S Maitland For more information on this document, contact: English Nature Northminster House Peterborough PE1 1UA Tel:+44 (0) 1733 455100 Fax: +44 (0) 1733 455103 This document was produced with the support of the European Commission’s LIFE Nature programme. It was published by Life in UK Rivers, a joint venture involving English Nature (EN), the Countryside Council for Wales (CCW), the Environment Agency (EA), the Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA), Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH), and the Scotland and Northern Ireland Forum for Environmental Research (SNIFFER). © (Text only) EN, CCW, EA, SEPA, SNH & SNIFFER 2003 ISBN 1 85716 706 6 A full range of Life in UK Rivers publications can be ordered from: The Enquiry Service English Nature Northminster House Peterborough PE1 1UA Email: [email protected] Tel:+44 (0) 1733 455100 Fax: +44 (0) 1733 455103 This document should be cited as: Maitland PS (2003). Ecology of the River, Brook and Sea Lamprey. Conserving Natura 2000 Rivers Ecology Series No. 5. English Nature, Peterborough. Technical Editor: Lynn Parr Series Ecological Coordinator: Ann Skinner Cover design: Coral Design Management, Peterborough. Printed by Astron Document Services, Norwich, on Revive, 75% recycled post-consumer waste paper, Elemental Chlorine Free. 1M. Cover photo: Erling Svensen/UW Photo Ecology of River, Brook and Sea Lamprey Conserving Natura 2000 Rivers This account of the ecology of the river, brook and sea lamprey (Lampetra fluviatilis, L.