The Subjunctive in Guernsey French: Implications for Gauging Authenticity in an Endangered Language
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Introduction
Introduction Imagine you’re invited to a party. You arrive at the venue, slip past security, and Margaret Atwood is there; so are Michael Ondaatje, Anne Carson, and Dionne Brand. CanLit’s luminaries surround you, and having never brushed elbows with so many prominent writers, you turn paparazzi and start taking photographs in earnest. Point and click—easy to tell who monopolizes the spotlight and who falls back. It’s only once you focus manually, looking for an unconventional angle, that you begin to notice others: a younger, more anonymous crowd pushing at the margins, trying to bypass the guest list. So you raise your camera to include them too, at least those close enough to see clearly. Some of the shots will turn out perfectly—balanced composition, candid expressions that capture the palpable energy of the event. Some won’t. The blur of time will seep in, poor exposure rendering the photographs unusable. You might think I’m describing a Griffin Poetry Prize gala. I am, of course, but this is also the plight of prospective anthologists. Working without the benefit of hindsight, anthologists are responsible for scouting talent in little magazines, hard-to-find books, and critical periodicals. Canonization is a gamble, and time and time again Canadian editors have either gone all in or hedged their bets, offering up both generation defining compilations and remixed versions of established texts. With New Provinces, F.R. Scott curated 13 The Next Wave the first essential anthology of Canadian poetry in 1936. Providing a platform for future icons like E.J. -
The 1904 Anglo-French Newfoundland Fisheries Convention: Another Look
RESEARCH NOTES/NOTES DE RECHERCHE The 1904 Anglo-French Newfoundland Fisheries Convention: Another Look THE EXISTING LITERATURE ON ANGLO-FRENCH RELATIONS at the turn of the century, as well as that which specifically addresses the 1904 entente cordiale, for the most part makes only passing mention of the Newfoundland fisheries issue. Understandably, the focus of these accounts tends to be on the changing relations between the great powers, and on the most important aspect of the entente itself, which was the definition of boundaries and spheres of influence in North and West Africa. The exceptions are P.J.V. Rolo's study of the entente, which does recognize the crucial place of the fisheries issue in the context of the overall negotiation, and F.F. Thompson's brief account of the Newfoundland settlement from a colonial perspective in his standard work on the French, or Treaty, Shore question. i This note expands these accounts of the evolution of the 1904 Anglo-French Fisheries Convention, reinforces the view that it was vital to the successful completion of the overall package, and looks at the aftermath. This is not the place to discuss in detail the reasons for Anglo-French rapprochement which culminated in the 1904 entente cordiale. At the risk of oversimplification, one can point to several key factors. The Fashoda incident (1898) demonstrated, in time, to many French politicians that there was no hope of ending the resented British occupation of Egypt and the Nile valley. Confrontation with Britain in Africa was clearly futile, and accommodation potentially advantageous. Increasingly, the parti colonial urged the French government to consider giving up its financial and economic influence in Egypt, recognizing British predominance there, in return for British acceptance of France's ambition to establish a protectorate over Morocco and concessions elsewhere.2 Once this reasoning had been accepted and advanced by the French government, the British government eventually proved willing to respond positively (if carefully). -
Spanish Through Time
ROMANCE LANGUAGES Rhaeto-Cisalpine at a glance Spanish through Time Vol.1 Phonology, Orthography, FLORA KLEIN-ANDREU Morphology Stony Brook University CLAUDI MENEGHIN MIUR (Ministero dell'Istruzione Università Spanish through time is an introduction to the development of the Spanish language, e ricerca) designed for readers with little or no prior experience in linguistics. It therefore stresses explanation of the workings of language and its development over time: They are viewed as Rhaeto-Cisalpine (or Padanese) is a western attibutable to characteristics of human speakers, in particular social and historical Romance language, spoken in the Po valley (extended to include the Ligurian coast), which circumstances, as illustrated by the history of Spanish. has developed in an independent fashion from The development of Spanish from Latin is presented divided into three broad periods-- Italian and is strictly related to French, Occitan, "Vulgar Latin", Castilian, and Spanish--characterized by specific linguistic developments and Catalan. This subject has been relatively and the historical circumstances in which they occurred. In each case the mechanics of neglected in recent years, apart from a monumental work by Geoffrey Hull, dating back particular language changes are explained in detail, in everyday terms. Emphasis is on the to 1982. more general developments that differentiate, first, various Romance languages, and finally This book aims at both offering a solid different current varieties of Castilian-- Peninsular and Atlantic (American). Evidence is reference about, and at proposing a complete also presented for the chronology of some major changes, so as to familiarize the reader synthesis of this diasystem, including the Rhaeto-Romance languages and the so called with traditional linguistic reasoning. -
Specsavers Guernsey YOUTH GAMES 2021
Specsavers Guernsey YOUTH GAMES 2021 Saturday 22 May CONTENTS 1 About the Games 14 Golf 2 Welcome 15 Hockey 3 How to take part 16 Judo 4 How the 17 Lacrosse districts work 18 Netball 6 Athletics 19 Petanque 7 Badminton 20 Rugby 8 Basketball 21 Sailing 9 Climbing 22 Softball 10 Cricket 23 Squash 11 Cycling 24 Table tennis 12 Fencing 25 Tennis 13 Football ABOUT THE GAMES WELCOME The Guernsey Sports Commission The principal aim of the Specsavers Children should wear appropriate With the unfortunate postponement of the 2021 and Specsavers will host the ninth Guernsey Youth Games is to clothing for their sport and the NatWest International Island Games, we are delighted Guernsey Youth Games on Saturday promote the value of sport to island weather. For indoor sports to be able to continue to champion sporting 22 May 2021. Teams representing children and the emphasis is on please wear non-marking trainers. endeavours with our ongoing sponsorship of the six of the island’s former electoral fun, fair play and creating a festival No jewellery should be worn to Specsavers Youth Games. We hope that the event will districts will compete against each atmosphere. The games will provide any session. inspire a new generation of young athletes. other in 20 different sports. an opportunity for children to take All children should bring a drink part in a large-scale event, to meet The atmosphere was electric two years ago and the Any child in school Years 5 or 6 can to training sessions. For Games new friends, build confidence and smiles on the children’s faces made me realise what this take part in the games. -
The Standardisation of African Languages Michel Lafon, Vic Webb
The Standardisation of African Languages Michel Lafon, Vic Webb To cite this version: Michel Lafon, Vic Webb. The Standardisation of African Languages. Michel Lafon; Vic Webb. IFAS, pp.141, 2008, Nouveaux Cahiers de l’Ifas, Aurelia Wa Kabwe Segatti. halshs-00449090 HAL Id: halshs-00449090 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00449090 Submitted on 20 Jan 2010 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. The Standardisation of African Languages Language political realities CentRePoL and IFAS Proceedings of a CentRePoL workshop held at University of Pretoria on March 29, 2007, supported by the French Institute for Southern Africa Michel Lafon (LLACAN-CNRS) & Vic Webb (CentRePoL) Compilers/ Editors CentRePoL wishes to express its appreciation to the following: Dr. Aurelia Wa Kabwe-Segatti, Research Director, IFAS, Johannesburg, for her professional and material support; PanSALB, for their support over the past two years for CentRePoL’s standardisation project; The University of Pretoria, for the use of their facilities. Les Nouveaux Cahiers de l’IFAS/ IFAS Working Paper Series is a series of occasional working papers, dedicated to disseminating research in the social and human sciences on Southern Africa. -
Percy Savage Interviewed by Linda Sandino: Full Transcript of the Interview
IN PARTNERSHIP WITH AN ORAL HISTORY OF BRITISH FASHION Percy Savage Interviewed by Linda Sandino C1046/09 IMPORTANT Please refer to the Oral History curators at the British Library prior to any publication or broadcast from this document. Oral History The British Library 96 Euston Road London NW1 2DB United Kingdom +44 [0]20 7412 7404 [email protected] Every effort is made to ensure the accuracy of this transcript, however no transcript is an exact translation of the spoken word, and this document is intended to be a guide to the original recording, not replace it. Should you find any errors please inform the Oral History curators. THE NATIONAL LIFE STORY COLLECTION INTERVIEW SUMMARY SHEET Ref. No.: C1046/09 Playback No.: F15198-99; F15388-90; F15531-35; F15591-92 Collection title: An Oral History of British Fashion Interviewee’s surname: Savage Title: Mr Interviewee’s forenames: Percy Sex: Occupation: Date of birth: 12.10.1926 Mother’s occupation: Father’s occupation: Date(s) of recording: 04.06.2004; 11.06.2004; 02.07.2004; 09.07.2004; 16.07.2004 Location of interview: Name of interviewer: Linda Sandino Type of recorder: Marantz Total no. of tapes: 12 Type of tape: C60 Mono or stereo: stereo Speed: Noise reduction: Original or copy: original Additional material: Copyright/Clearance: Interview is open. Copyright of BL Interviewer’s comments: Percy Savage Page 1 C1046/09 Tape 1 Side A (part 1) Tape 1 Side A [part 1] .....to plug it in? No we don’t. Not unless something goes wrong. [inaudible] see well enough, because I can put the [inaudible] light on, if you like? Yes, no, lovely, lovely, thank you. -
Help Languages
Edutasia – Help languages Talk Now help languages ▪ Abruzzese ▪ Hausa ▪ Punjabi (Indian) ▪ Afrikaans ▪ Hawaiian ▪ Quechua ▪ Albanian ▪ Hebrew ▪ Romanian ▪ Alsatian ▪ Hindi ▪ Romansh ▪ Amharic ▪ Hungarian ▪ Russian ▪ Arabic ▪ Icelandic ▪ Saami ▪ Arabic (Egyptian) ▪ Igbo ▪ Sardinian ▪ Arabic (Modern Standard) ▪ Indonesian ▪ Scottish Gaelic ▪ Armenian ▪ Irish ▪ Serbian ▪ Assamese ▪ Italian ▪ Sesotho (Southern) ▪ Aymara ▪ Japanese ▪ Shona ▪ Azeri ▪ Jèrriais ▪ Sinhala ▪ Basque ▪ Kannada ▪ Slovak ▪ Belarusian ▪ Kazakh ▪ Slovenian ▪ Bengali ▪ Khmer ▪ Somali ▪ Berber (Tamazight) ▪ Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) ▪ Spanish ▪ Breton ▪ Kirghiz ▪ Swahili ▪ Bulgarian ▪ Klingon ▪ Swedish ▪ Burmese ▪ Korean ▪ Swiss German ▪ Canadian English ▪ Lao ▪ Tagalog ▪ Canadian French ▪ Latin ▪ Tamil ▪ Cantonese ▪ Latin American Spanish ▪ Telugu ▪ Catalan ▪ Latvian ▪ Thai ▪ Chichewa ▪ Lingala ▪ Tibetan ▪ Chinese (Mandarin) ▪ Lithuanian ▪ Tswana ▪ Chuvash ▪ Luganda ▪ Turkish ▪ Cornish ▪ Luxembourgish ▪ Ukrainian ▪ Corsican ▪ Macedonian ▪ Urdu ▪ Croatian ▪ Malagasy ▪ Uzbek ▪ Czech ▪ Malay ▪ Vietnamese ▪ Danish ▪ Malayalam ▪ Welsh ▪ Dari ▪ Maltese ▪ Xhosa ▪ Dutch ▪ Manx ▪ Yiddish ▪ English ▪ Marathi ▪ Yoruba ▪ English (American) ▪ Mongolian ▪ Zulu ▪ Esperanto ▪ Māori ▪ ▪ Estonian ▪ Navajo ▪ Faroese ▪ Nepali ▪ Finnish ▪ Norwegian ▪ Flemish ▪ Occitan ▪ French ▪ Papiamento ▪ Frisian ▪ Pashto ▪ Galician ▪ Persian ▪ Georgian ▪ Pidgin (Papua New ▪ German Guinea) ▪ Greek ▪ Polish ▪ Greenlandic ▪ Portuguese (Brazilian) ▪ Gujarati ▪ Portuguese (European) ▪ Haitian Creole ▪ Provençal -
Newfoundland in International Context 1758 – 1895
Newfoundland in International Context 1758 – 1895 An Economic History Reader Collected, Transcribed and Annotated by Christopher Willmore Victoria, British Columbia April 2020 Table of Contents WAYS OF LIFE AND WORK .................................................................................................................. 4 Fog and Foundering (1754) ............................................................................................................................ 4 Hostile Waters (1761) .................................................................................................................................... 4 Imports of Salt (1819) .................................................................................................................................... 5 The Great Fire of St. John’s (1846) ................................................................................................................. 5 Visiting Newfoundland’s Fisheries in 1849 (1849) .......................................................................................... 9 The Newfoundland Seal Hunt (1871) ........................................................................................................... 15 The Inuit Seal Hunt (1889) ........................................................................................................................... 19 The Truck, or Credit, System (1871) ............................................................................................................. 20 The Preparation of -
Copyright by Cécile Hélène Christiane Rey 2010
Copyright by Cécile Hélène Christiane Rey 2010 The Dissertation Committee for Cécile Hélène Christiane Rey certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: Planning language practices and representations of identity within the Gallo community in Brittany: A case of language maintenance Committee: _________________________________ Jean-Pierre Montreuil, Supervisor _________________________________ Cinzia Russi _________________________________ Carl Blyth _________________________________ Hans Boas _________________________________ Anthony Woodbury Planning language practices and representations of identity within the Gallo community in Brittany: A case of language maintenance by Cécile Hélène Christiane Rey, B.A.; M.A. Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Texas at Austin December, 2010 Acknowledgements I would like to thank my parents and my family for their patience and support, their belief in me, and their love. I would like to thank my supervisor Jean-Pierre Montreuil for his advice, his inspiration, and constant support. Thank you to my committee members Cinzia Russi, Carl Blyth, Hans Boas and Anthony Woodbury for their guidance in this project and their understanding. Special thanks to Christian Lefeuvre who let me stay with him during the summer 2009 in Langan and helped me realize this project. For their help and support, I would like to thank Rosalie Grot, Pierre Gardan, Christine Trochu, Shaun Nolan, Bruno Chemin, Chantal Hermann, the associations Bertaèyn Galeizz, Chubri, l’Association des Enseignants de Gallo, A-Demórr, and Gallo Tonic Liffré. For financial support, I would like to thank the Graduate School of the University of Texas at Austin for the David Bruton, Jr. -
The Linguistic Context 34
Variation and Change in Mainland and Insular Norman Empirical Approaches to Linguistic Theory Series Editor Brian D. Joseph (The Ohio State University, USA) Editorial Board Artemis Alexiadou (University of Stuttgart, Germany) Harald Baayen (University of Alberta, Canada) Pier Marco Bertinetto (Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy) Kirk Hazen (West Virginia University, Morgantown, USA) Maria Polinsky (Harvard University, Cambridge, USA) Volume 7 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/ealt Variation and Change in Mainland and Insular Norman A Study of Superstrate Influence By Mari C. Jones LEIDEN | BOSTON Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Jones, Mari C. Variation and Change in Mainland and Insular Norman : a study of superstrate influence / By Mari C. Jones. p. cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-90-04-25712-2 (hardback : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-90-04-25713-9 (e-book) 1. French language— Variation. 2. French language—Dialects—Channel Islands. 3. Norman dialect—Variation. 4. French language—Dialects—France—Normandy. 5. Norman dialect—Channel Islands. 6. Channel Islands— Languages. 7. Normandy—Languages. I. Title. PC2074.7.J66 2014 447’.01—dc23 2014032281 This publication has been typeset in the multilingual “Brill” typeface. With over 5,100 characters covering Latin, IPA, Greek, and Cyrillic, this typeface is especially suitable for use in the humanities. For more information, please see www.brill.com/brill-typeface. ISSN 2210-6243 ISBN 978-90-04-25712-2 (hardback) ISBN 978-90-04-25713-9 (e-book) Copyright 2015 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Brill Nijhoff and Hotei Publishing. -
HAIKU in SPAIN Susana Benet
HAIKU IN SPAIN Susana Benet At the beginning of the 20th century, when haiku were first introduced to Spanish readers, another strict form of short poetry already existed in our language and was immensely popular among our people; it is called seguidilla. Apart from being the name of a traditional literary form, this word also describes a certain kind of Andalusian gypsy or flamenco songs.Seguidilla is a 5-7-5-7 verse; here is an example of it, a seguidilla written by the famous Federico García Lorca: Hacia Roma caminan Two pilgrims are walking dos peregrinos, to Rome a que los case el Papa, to be married by the Pope, porque son primos. because they are cousins. — (Federico García Lorca. Los peregrinos) There were several factors that contributed to the development of the haiku genre in Spain. First of all, our poets have always been in a close contact with their French colleagues. France was the first country where an attempt was made to adopt this Japanese genre, making it suitable for Western readers. This was the age of modernism and symbolism, the two artistic movements that opposed realism and had as their utmost goal the quest for pure beauty, also assimilating elements of some exotic cultures, not only in architecture and decorative arts, but in literature, as well. Another interesting phenomenon was the development of haiku in South America. In 1919, the first book of haiku in Spanish was published; it was titled One day, and its author, the Mexican poet José Juan Tablada, used the words haikai and “synthetic poems” to describe this particular type of poetry. -
'Ja-Nee. No, I'm Fine': a Note on YES and NO in South Africa 69
Stellenbosch Papers in Linguistics, Vol. 48, 2017, 67-86 doi: 10.5774/48-0-281 ‘Ja-nee. No, I'm fine’: A note on YES and NO in South Africa Theresa Biberauer Theoretical and Applied Linguistics, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom, and General Linguistics Department, Stellenbosch University, South Africa E-mail: [email protected] Marie-Louise van Heukelum General Linguistics Department, Stellenbosch University, South Africa Email: [email protected] Lalia Duke General Linguistics Department, Stellenbosch University, South Africa Email: [email protected] Abstract This paper considers some unusual uses of NO and YES observed in South African English (SAE) and other languages spoken in South Africa. Our objective is to highlight the fundamentally speaker-hearer-oriented nature of many of these elements, and to offer a formal perspective on their use. We also aim to highlight the value of pursuing more detailed investigations of these and other perspectival elements employed in SAE and other languages spoken in South Africa. Keywords: negation, affirmation, speaker-hearer perspective, clause structure, pragmaticalisation 1. Introduction1 Our point of departure in this note is the peculiarity of South African English (SAE) illustrated in (1): (1) A: How are you? 1 This paper had its origins in a lively discussion, in which Johan Oosthuizen also participated, during the first author's 2017 Honours Syntax seminar. We thank the participants in that class and also the audience at SAMWOP 6, held in Stellenbosch (30 November - 3 December 2017) for their comments and questions on a paper with partly similar content, in particular Alex Andrason, Robyn Berghoff, Kate Huddlestone, Bastian Persohn, Johan Oosthuizen, Erin Pretorius, Kristina Riedel, Andrew van der Spuy, Tarald Taraldsen and Jochen Zeller.