ANNUAL REPORT 2004-2005 Mission Statement

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

ANNUAL REPORT 2004-2005 Mission Statement LIVERPOOL SCHOOL of TROPICAL MEDICINE ANNUAL REPORT 2004-2005 Mission Statement As a centre of excellence, the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, through the creation of effective links with governments, organisations and institutions and by responding to the health needs of communities, aims to promote improved health, particularly for people of the less developed countries in the tropics and sub-tropics by: • providing and promoting high quality education and training; • conducting first class research and disseminating the results of that research; • developing systems and technologies for health care and assisting in their transfer and management; • providing appropriate consultancy services; In fulfilling this mission the School also provides a clinical service of acknowledged excellence. LIVERPOOL SCHOOL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE Affiliated to the University of Liverpool Contents Page 2 Chairman’s Foreword 3 Director’s Report 4 Treasurer’s Report 5 Fundraising 6-7 Vector Control - new approaches to old problems - DNA 8-9 Vector Control - new approaches to old problems - Insecticides 10-11 Vector Control - new approaches to old problems - Genome 12-13 Vector Control - new approaches to old problems - Urban Transmission 14 HIV/AIDS & STI Knowledge Programme 15 Malaria Knowledge Programme 16 Effective Health Care Research Programme Consortium 17 EQUI TB Knowledge Programme 18 Lymphatic Filariasis Support Centre 19 Ethics Committee 20-21 LATH 22-23 Sixty Years Ago 24 Donald Mason Library 25 Gates Malaria Partnership 26 DTM & H - 1st 100 Years 27 International Training in Health Systems Management 28-29 Retirements - Farewell 30 Education and Training 31 Student Numbers 32-33 Research Grants and Contracts 34 Student Profiles 35 Staff Profiles 36 Officers 2004-2005 37 Academic & Academic related Staff 2003-2004 38-39 Brief Highlights 40 Out with the Old, in with the New Printed by Printfine Limited Liverpool - 0151 242 0000 1 Chairman s Foreword This has been a year of strong the Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen maintain a balance across all spheres of progress across the whole School, University Hospital where they deal with work. capped by the recent news that HIV/AIDs, TB, malaria and other diseases the funding for the urgently that require their special expertise. A This great expansion is what the Director needed new building has been similar service is provided to babies and promised when she started four years agreed. Additionally, €17.5 million children at Alder Hey Hospital, and we ago, and the Trustees applaud her single- are proud of our joint working relationship minded determination and energetic has been awarded by the with the NHS, in a world where infections leadership in bringing it about. She has European Union to develop new cross all borders and countries. inspired her team and the staff and we anti-malarial drugs, and the Bill look forward to a vastly better housed and and Melinda Gates Foundation is The £1 million upgrading of the teaching yet more globally famous and useful making an award of $51 million laboratories and lecture theatres, has Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine. over five years to develop new provided staff and students alike with malaria and dengue control tools. state-of-the-art multi-media facilities, plus Thanks are due also to the Bursar for more comfortable working environments. much improved clearer systems, financial The year under review has seen the The Nuffield Lecture Theatre, in particular, reporting and management. Trustees, research base of the School continue to now has facilities for wheelchair bound Rob Macfarlane, Chairman of Finance develop very strongly, with research persons in keeping with the School s plan Committee, Simon Sherrard, Vice- projects covering a wide variety of to improve access to, and for, disabled Chairman of the Board and Chairman of diseases being funded from different persons. Coincident with the new the Audit Committee have played very sources — all of which bodes well for the facilities, the School has introduced new important parts in guiding and overseeing stability and health of the School, and courses on humanitarian assistance, and these vital aspects of the School s builds on its pre-eminent reputation in the pioneering one-year Diploma in UK governance; as has William Fulton, combating tropical diseases. Medicine course, to equip refugee doctors Chairman of the Nominations and to be able to practise here, has Governance Committee, in helping to Other spheres of work have also successfully completed its second batch implement the new and streamlined flourished this year. Liverpool Associates of training. Regrettably, student numbers Board of Trustees, following the thorough in Tropical Health (LATH) is the wholly- on some courses have declined, and review this time last year by Lawrence owned subsidiary of the School and is its despite scholarships, it is clear that Holden. Modern systems of recruiting consultancy arm. From its new bigger students from poorer countries are finding new Trustees to the Board, and Vice- premises LATH has enhanced its it harder to afford to come to Liverpool to Presidents to the School, have been reputation, built up over eighteen years, study and learn. Over its history the introduced. We are immensely grateful to as implementer of research findings and School has trained an enormous number all who served on the old Council that modern thinking in health development in of professionals from all over the came to an end at the AGM last a great number of countries. Its success developing world, some of whom have December, and to the new Board of has been to provide the professional help risen to positions of great responsibility, Trustees which was inaugurated at the needed to put into practice schemes and many at Government level in their own same time. Throughout the changes and services with local partners, and also to countries. The reputation of the School all the other exciting new and bigger contribute an unprecedented level of has, in large part, been built on this ventures we are grateful for the very financial covenant to the School. It is continuous flow of students, and the experienced and wise guidance and help indeed a vital and highly respected part of development of long-term relationships. from our President, Sir Mark Moody- the School Group . Our thanks go to the The management is now undertaking a Stuart, and the Vice-Presidents. growing team — as well as all the regular review of how to continue these School staff, clinical and non clinical, relationships in the most effective way, so Finally, as the School is the sum of its whom it borrows - and in particular to that we maintain our teaching base in a students and staff, I should like to thank the LATH Director John McCullough, and new climate. and pay tribute to all of them for their to the LATH Chairman Nick Earlam for commitment to the great traditions of the their astute business guidance of the Nevertheless, research is clearly School, but also for enthusiastically expanding company. becoming much the largest part of the embracing the great changes and School s business. We are proud of this opportunities we now have - to do more Clinical services continue to be a highly much enlarged role the School will play in and better. The arcticles in this Annual valued and well used part of the School, finding a way to combat the causes of so Report give you the chance to learn about both locally and regionally. The famous much ill-health and misery in the a very successful year just gone, and travel clinic is full to overflowing, and developing world, but we also remain something of the challenges to come. despite recent upgrading, needs more committed to our other strands in work: in space. The School s clinicians carry out teaching, technical assistance and clinical Rosemary Hawley regular ward rounds and clinics on the services, and we value highly the staff Tropical and Infectious Diseases wards of working in these areas, and want to 2 Director s Report This year has been an exciting These two awards, along with the The coming year is obviously going to be one for the School. We have continued buoyancy of research grants a challenging one for the School. We will continued to develop our from other sources, will allow the School strive to get our new major programmes research, teaching and technical to enter the next major phase of its up and running to ensure that they allow activities, and we are well on track development with confidence. us to continue to translate our vibrant to achieving our goal of doubling research programmes into practical in size over the five year planning In December the construction of our new interventions that make a real difference period. building, the Centre for Tropical and to the control of disease throughout the Infectious Diseases (CTID), will start. tropics. I am sure that our staff, The graph below shows our financial This has been made possible by two stakeholders and supporters will rise to growth over the last 10 years (adjusted major awards from the European Union this challenge. by the retail price index). This growth has (ERDF) and North West Development been achieved despite the loss of one of Agency (NWDA), alongside contributions our major DFID contracts, an event which from the University of Liverpool, Liverpool Janet Hemingway five years ago would have been City Council and many private catastrophic for the School. There have, benefactors. The new building will however, been major successes with transform the School, allowing it to DFID, including the renewal of the expand into modern purpose-built Effective Health Care Alliance premises that reflect its status as one of Programme and the Lymphatic Filariasis the premier Schools of Tropical Medicine.
Recommended publications
  • Profile of Janet Hemingway
    PROFILE PROFILE Profile of Janet Hemingway Ann Griswold grandfather worked in the mines. At around Science Writer age five, Hemingway’s grandfather presented her with a pair of retired “pit” ponies that had pulled coal trucks in the mine but had Asthewheelsofabiplaneapproachadesolate resistance, and helped develop life-saving never been ridden. “I was kind of plopped airfield in the Solomon Islands, a man wear- quinolone antimalarial drugs (1). In her In- on top of one, and off we went,” she recalls. ing only a loincloth breaks through the brush, augural Article (2), Hemingway explores Much of the next few years was spent brandishing a spear and a flail. From behind the increasing challenge of insecticide re- outdoors “running riot” with ponies Cap- the plane’s windows four biologists watch sistance in Anopheles gambiae and Anoph- tain and Blaze, a Labrador-sheep dog cross with wary eyes and silently map an escape eles funestus mosquitoes, malaria vectors named Rinty, and a growing menagerie of route. “You’re thinking, ‘What am I sup- prevalent in the southern African country birds, frogs, and animals that family and posed to do here?’” recalls Janet Hemingway, fi of Malawi. The ndings reveal that pyreth- neighbors left in her care. “It was every Director of the Liverpool School of Tropical roids, the most effective antimalarial insec- girl’s dream, I suppose, trying to sort out Medicine, International Director of the Joint ticides known to date, are under siege by Centre for Infectious Disease Research, and these two little ponies and everything re- resistant variants of Anopheles, and in- lated to animals and the outdoors.” a recently elected member of the National creased monitoring in the impoverished “ Soon, Hemingway’s family moved and Academy of Sciences.
    [Show full text]
  • Yourthe Magazine for Alumni and Friends 2011 – 2012
    UNIVERSITY yourTHE MAGAZINE FOR ALUMNI AND FRIENDS 2011 – 2012 A celebration of excellence HIGHLIGHTS FROM THE ROYAL VISIT HM The Queen is seen here wearing a pair of virtual reality glasses during the ground-breaking ceremony at the University’s Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre page 6 Alumni merchandise Joe Scarborough prints University tie In 2005, to celebrate the University’s Centenary, Sheffield artist Joe Scarborough In 100% silk with multiple (Hon LittD 2008) painted Our University, generously funded by the Sheffield University University shields Association of former students. Sales of the limited edition signed prints raised over Price: £18 (incl VAT) £18,000 for undergraduate scholarships. The University has now commissioned Joe Delivery: £1.00 UK; to paint a sister work entitled Our Students’ Journey which hangs in the Students’ Union. £1.30 Europe; £18 It depicts all aspects of student life including the RAG boat race and parade, student £1.70 rest of world (INCL VAT) officer elections and summer activities in Weston Park. We are delighted to be offering 500 limited edition signed prints. All proceeds will again provide scholarships for gifted students in need of financial support, £40 and to help the University’s Alumni Foundation which distributes grants (INCL VAT) to student clubs and societies. Our Students’ Journey Limited edition signed prints, measuring 19” x 17”, are unframed and packed in protective cardboard tubes and priced at £40.00 (incl VAT). Our University A very limited number of these prints (unsigned) are still available. Measuring 19” x 17”, they are unframed and packed in protective cardboard tubes and priced at £15.00 (incl VAT).
    [Show full text]
  • Smutty Alchemy
    University of Calgary PRISM: University of Calgary's Digital Repository Graduate Studies The Vault: Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2021-01-18 Smutty Alchemy Smith, Mallory E. Land Smith, M. E. L. (2021). Smutty Alchemy (Unpublished doctoral thesis). University of Calgary, Calgary, AB. http://hdl.handle.net/1880/113019 doctoral thesis University of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission. Downloaded from PRISM: https://prism.ucalgary.ca UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY Smutty Alchemy by Mallory E. Land Smith A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY GRADUATE PROGRAM IN ENGLISH CALGARY, ALBERTA JANUARY, 2021 © Mallory E. Land Smith 2021 MELS ii Abstract Sina Queyras, in the essay “Lyric Conceptualism: A Manifesto in Progress,” describes the Lyric Conceptualist as a poet capable of recognizing the effects of disparate movements and employing a variety of lyric, conceptual, and language poetry techniques to continue to innovate in poetry without dismissing the work of other schools of poetic thought. Queyras sees the lyric conceptualist as an artistic curator who collects, modifies, selects, synthesizes, and adapts, to create verse that is both conceptual and accessible, using relevant materials and techniques from the past and present. This dissertation responds to Queyras’s idea with a collection of original poems in the lyric conceptualist mode, supported by a critical exegesis of that work.
    [Show full text]
  • ASTMH 65Th Annual Meeting Atlanta Marriott Marquis and Hilton Atlanta Atlanta, GA Pre-Registration List As of October 27, 2016
    ASTMH 65th Annual Meeting Atlanta Marriott Marquis and Hilton Atlanta Atlanta, GA Pre-Registration List as of October 27, 2016 *John Aaskov, PhD FRCPath Denise Abud Oladokun Adedamola Adesunloye, Queensland University of Technology Sanofi Pastuer Federal Ministry of Health(FMC) Australia USA Nigeria Neetu Abad Manfred M K Accrombessi Grace Adeya CDC Benin GHSC-PSM/Chemonics United States USA *Jane Winnie Achan, Clinical *Tochukwu Abadom MRC Unit, The Gambia Bwaka Mpia Ado Blackpool Victoria Hospital, United Gambia McKIng Consulting Corporation/ EPI Kingdom DRC Nigeria *Nicole L. Achee, PhD Dem. Republic of Congo Univ of Notre Dame *Shaymaa Abdalal, MD USA Joseph Ado-Yobo Tulane School of Public Hlth Ghana USA Salissou Adamou Bathiri Onchocerciasis & Lymphatic *Valentine Adolphe *Agatha Aboe, MBChB; DO Niger PSI Sightsavers USA Ghana *David P. Adams, PhD MPH MSc Dept of Community Medicine, Mercer Yaw Asare Afrane *Ayokunle Abogan Univ Sch of Medicine Kenya Medical Research Institute Natl Malaria Programme USA Kenya Botswana *John H. Adams, PhD Suneth Agampodi, MBBS MSc *Melanie Abongwa, MSc University of South Florida Coll of Pub Univ of Sri Lanka Iowa State University Hlth Sri Lanka USA USA *Kokila Agarwal, DRPH MBBS MPH *Ahmed Abd El Wahed Abou El Nasr, *Matthew Adams MCHIP/JHPIEGO Georg August University Goettingen Univ of Maryland Baltimore USA Germany USA Kodjovi D. Agbodjavou *Jennifer Abrahams, MD Marc Adamy Jhpiego Corp University of Miami/Jackson Memorial Medicines for Malaria Venture Togo Hospital Switzerland USA Rakesh Aggarwal, MD DM *David Addiss, MD MPH Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Inst of Lauren Abrams, GA Task Force for Global Hlth Med Sciences Children Without Worms USA India United States *Ahmed Adeel, MD MPH PhD *Selidji Todagbe AGNANDJI Marcelo Claudio Abril United States CERMEL Fundación Mundo Sano Gabon Argentina *Adeshina Israel Adekunle UNSW *Peter C.
    [Show full text]
  • Anopheles Stephensi
    Bulletin ofthe WorldHealth Organization, 62 (3): 445-449(1984) © World Health Organization 1984 The joint action of malathion and IBP against malathion-resistant and -susceptible strains of Anopheles stephensi JANET HEMINGWAY 1 Malathion resistance in an Anopheles stephensi strain from Pakistan is dependent on a single gene, which results in increased degradation of malathion to the monocarboxylic acid. Mixtures of malathion and the fungicide IBP (O,O-bis(J-methylethyl) S- phenylmethyl phosphorothioate) were tested against this resistant strain and a laboratory susceptible strain. The mixtures were more toxic to both the resistant andsusceptible insects than either IBP or malathion alone. The high degree ofsynergism with the mixtures against the susceptible strain would not be expected ifIBP were simply competing with malathion for a common carboxylesterase detoxification enzyme. The reason for the high degree of synergism in the susceptible strain is unknown. As insecticide resistance becomes more common MATERIALS AND METHODS and fewer new insecticides are produced, there is greater need for alternative measures to combat Two strains of A. stephensi were used: (1) ST, a resistance. These measures may include the use of susceptible strain originating from an area near Delhi, economically and toxicologically acceptable insecti- India, and reared in the laboratory since the late ticide mixtures. Potentiation (synergism) and antag- 1940s; and (2) ST MAL, derived from ST LA (a strain onism of insecticidal action have been shown for from Lahore, Pakistan, colonized since 1978) and some mixtures of chemicals in certain insects. For selected at the adult stage for 19 generations with 507o example, DEF (S,S,S,-tributyl phosphorotrithioate) malathion for up to 8 h.
    [Show full text]
  • Biologist-Archive
    TheTHE SOCIETY OF BIOLOGY MAGAZINE ■ ISSN 0006-3347Biologist ■ SOCIETYOFBIOLOGY.ORG VOL 61 NO 5 ■ OCT/NOV 2014 SPIN DOCTORS Using spider silk’s incredible properties in medicine INTERVIEW RESEARCH ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR SIR MARK WALPORT IT ALL ADDS UP BAT HUNTERS The Government’s chief Replacing experiments The unlikely prey of scientific adviser with maths seed-eating birds NEW FOURTH EDITION THE IMMUNE SYSTEM PETER PARHAM The Immune System, Fourth Edition emphasizes the human immune system and presents immunological concepts in a coherent, concise, and contemporary account of how the immune system works. Written for undergraduate, medical, veterinary, dental, and pharmacy students, it makes generous use of medical examples to illustrate points. This classroom-proven textbook offers clear writing, full-color illustrations, and section and chapter summaries that make the book accessible and easily understandable to students. The Fourth Edition is a major revision that brings the content up-to-date and improves clarity. Based on user feedback, there is now increased continuity and connectivity between chapters. NEW IN THE FOURTH EDITION • Increased coverage of innate immunity, now in two chapters. • New chapter dedicated to mucosal immunology. • Immunological memory and vaccination combined in Chapter 11, including new approaches to vaccination. • Chapter 12 is dedicated to lymphocytes that contribute to innate and adaptive immunity. • Parasite immunology is covered for the first time, integrated with allergy in Chapter 14. • Appreciation of the active interaction between the immune system and commensal organisms involving co-development and co-evolution. • New marginal icons indicate topics which correlate to Case Studies in Immunology, Sixth Edition by Geha and Notarangelo.
    [Show full text]
  • Mapping Insecticide Resistance in Mosquitoes to Aid Malaria Control
    medRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.01.20049593; this version posted April 6, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY 4.0 International license . 1 Mapping insecticide resistance in mosquitoes to aid malaria control *Catherine L. Moyes, Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK; [email protected]; Duncan Kobia Athinya, Vestergaard Frandsen (EA) Ltd, Nairobi, Kenya; Tara Seethaler, Clinton Health Access Initiative, Boston, Massachussetts, United States of America; Katherine Battle, Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK; Marianne Sinka, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RB, UK; Melinda P. Hadi, Vestergaard SA, Lausanne, Switzerland; Janet Hemingway, Department of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK; Michael Coleman, Department of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK; Penelope A. Hancock, Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK. Corresponding authors: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Author contributions: C.L.M. and P.A.H designed the research with input from T.S., K.E.B., M.E.S., J.H., M.C.; C.L.M. and P.A.H. analyzed the data; D.K.A.
    [Show full text]
  • Increasing Evidence of Low Lymphatic Filariasis Prevalence in High Risk Loa Loa Areas in Central and West Africa: a Literature Review Louise A
    Kelly-Hope et al. Parasites & Vectors (2018) 11:349 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-018-2900-y REVIEW Open Access Increasing evidence of low lymphatic filariasis prevalence in high risk Loa loa areas in Central and West Africa: a literature review Louise A. Kelly-Hope*, Janet Hemingway, Mark J. Taylor and David H. Molyneux Abstract In West and Central Africa, there is a need to establish the prevalence of Wuchereria bancrofti in areas that are co- endemic for Loa loa, in order to implement the appropriate strategies to scale-up interventions for the elimination of lymphatic filariasis (LF). Due to the risk of severe adverse events (SAEs) to ivermectin in individuals with high L. loa microfilaraemia, the current strategy recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) is twice yearly mass drug administration (MDA) with albendazole, supplemented by vector control targeting the Anopheles vectors. Defining W. bancrofti prevalence in areas co-endemic with L. loa is complicated by the cross-reactivity of rapid diagnostic immunochromatographic card tests (ICT), widely used for LF mapping, in individuals with high L. loa microfilaraemia. This has probably resulted in the overestimation of LF prevalence, triggering the implementation of MDA strategies, which may be unnecessary and wasteful of the limited resources for elimination programme implementation. Here we review the literature and present historical evidence, which uniformly highlight low or no prevalence of W. bancrofti infection and/or clinical LF cases across five Central African countries, in more than 30 different geographical areas covering 280 individual sites and > 22,000 individuals tested within high risk L.
    [Show full text]
  • Vontascv.Pdf
    John Vontas - CURRICULUM VITAE -Professor Agr Pharmacology Agricultural University of Athens -Researcher IMBB-FORTH Date/Place of Birth: 20 July 1968, Athens Nationality: Greek Marital status: Married, 2 sons Web site/contact details: http://www.aua.gr/vontas Orcid ID: orcid.org/0000-0002-8704-2574 Scopus Author ID: 6603094639 Google Scholar: https://scholar.google.gr/citations?user=VJ1BXJ4AAAAJ&hl=el EDUCATION . Ph.D. (1993-1997) Insect genetics. Agricultural University of Athens (AUA) . DSPU/Master (1992-93) Mediterranean Agronomic Institute Chania (MAICh, CIHEAM). B.Sc. (1987-92) Honours in Agronomy. Agricultural University of Athens (AUA) EMPLOYMENT HISTORY 2014 – today: Professor & Director of Agr Pharmacology Lab, Agric. University of Athens Researcher Molecular Entomology, Institute Molecular Biology & Biote- chnology, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH-IMBB) 2013 – 2014: Innovative Vector Control Consortium, Liverpool UK/ Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation: Development of Framework and Criteria for funding “New Paradigms for vector control” 2008 – 2013: Associate Professor Biotechnology & Applied Biology, Dept Biology, University of Crete, Greece 2004 – 2008: Lecture Pesticide Science, AUA, Greece 2002 – 2005: Research Fellow, IMBB-FORTH, Crete, Greece 2001 – 2002: Research Fellow, LSTM, Liverpool, UK 1998 – 2001: Research Fellow, Cardiff University, UK 1997 - 1998: Career interruption: mandatory service within the Greek Srmy Forces FELLOWSHIPS AND AWARDS . E.U. Marie Curie Return (2003, IMBB-FORTH, Crete) . E.U. Marie Curie TMR (2000-02, Cardiff University, UK) . NATO postdoctoral fellowship (1999-2000, Cardiff) . State Scholarship's Foundation (IKY) fellowships (undergrad 1988,89,90,91; PhD 1993-1997) RESEARCH INTEREST Biotechnology based approaches for the control of major human disease vectors and agricultural pests (resistance to chemical insecticides, discovery of novel insecticide targets).
    [Show full text]
  • Malaria Eradication and Elimination: Views on How to Translate a Vision Into Reality Marcel Tanner Swiss Tropical & Public Health Institute, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Public Health Resources Public Health Resources 2015 Malaria eradication and elimination: views on how to translate a vision into reality Marcel Tanner Swiss Tropical & Public Health Institute, 4002 Basel, Switzerland Brian Greenwood Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK Christopher J.M. Whitty Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK Evelyn K. Ansah Research and Development Division, Ghana Health Service, Accra, Ghana Ric N. Price Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia, [email protected] See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/publichealthresources Tanner, Marcel; Greenwood, Brian; Whitty, Christopher J.M.; Ansah, Evelyn K.; Price, Ric N.; Dondorp, Arjen M.; von Seidlein, Lorenz; Baird, J. Kevin; Beeson, James G.; Fowkes, Freya J.I.; Hemingway, Janet; Marsh, Kevin; and Osier, Faith, "Malaria eradication and elimination: views on how to translate a vision into reality" (2015). Public Health Resources. 403. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/publichealthresources/403 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Public Health Resources at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Public Health Resources by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Authors Marcel Tanner, Brian Greenwood, Christopher J.M. Whitty, Evelyn K. Ansah, Ric N. Price, Arjen M. Dondorp, Lorenz von Seidlein, J. Kevin Baird, James G. Beeson, Freya J.I. Fowkes, Janet Hemingway, Kevin Marsh, and Faith Osier This article is available at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ publichealthresources/403 Tanner et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Emerging Infectious Diseases
    Peer-Reviewed Journal Tracking and Analyzing Disease Trends pages 773–948 EDITOR-IN-CHIEF D. Peter Drotman Associate Editors EDITORIAL BOARD Paul Arguin, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Dennis Alexander, Addlestone, Surrey, UK Charles Ben Beard, Ft. Collins, Colorado, USA Timothy Barrett, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Ermias Belay, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Barry J. Beaty, Ft. Collins, Colorado, USA David Bell, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Martin J. Blaser, New York, New York, USA Sharon Bloom, Atlanta, GA, USA Christopher Braden, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Mary Brandt, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Arturo Casadevall, New York, New York, USA Corrie Brown, Athens, Georgia, USA Kenneth C. Castro, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Michel Drancourt, Marseille, France Louisa Chapman, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Paul V. Effler, Perth, Australia Thomas Cleary, Houston, Texas, USA David Freedman, Birmingham, Alabama, USA Vincent Deubel, Shanghai, China Peter Gerner-Smidt, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Ed Eitzen, Washington, DC, USA Stephen Hadler, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Daniel Feikin, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Matthew Kuehnert, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Anthony Fiore, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Nina Marano, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Isaac Chun-Hai Fung, Statesboro, Georgia, USA Martin I. Meltzer, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Kathleen Gensheimer, College Park, MD, USA David Morens, Bethesda, Maryland, USA Duane J. Gubler, Singapore J. Glenn Morris, Gainesville, Florida, USA Richard L. Guerrant, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA Patrice Nordmann, Fribourg, Switzerland Scott Halstead, Arlington, Virginia, USA Didier Raoult, Marseille, France Katrina Hedberg, Portland, Oregon, USA Pierre Rollin, Atlanta, Georgia, USA David L. Heymann, London, UK Frank Sorvillo, Los Angeles, California, USA Charles King, Cleveland, Ohio, USA David Walker, Galveston, Texas, USA Keith Klugman, Seattle, Washington, USA Takeshi Kurata, Tokyo, Japan Senior Associate Editor, Emeritus S.K.
    [Show full text]
  • Insecticide Resistance in Insect Vectors of Human Disease
    Annu. Rev. Entomol. 2000. 45:371±391 Copyright q 2000 by Annual Reviews. All rights reserved. INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE IN INSECT VECTORS OF HUMAN DISEASE Janet Hemingway and Hilary Ranson School of Biosciences, University of Wales Cardiff, P.O. Box 915, Cardiff, Wales CF1 3TL; e-mail: [email protected] Key Words insecticide, mosquito, esterases, monooxygenases, glutathione S- transferases Abstract Insecticide resistance is an increasing problem in many insect vectors of disease. Our knowledge of the basic mechanisms underlying resistance to com- monly used insecticides is well established. Molecular techniques have recently allowed us to start and dissect most of these mechanisms at the DNA level. The next major challenge will be to use this molecular understanding of resistance to develop novel strategies with which we can truly manage resistance. State-of-the-art infor- mation on resistance in insect vectors of disease is reviewed in this context. INTRODUCTION Insecticides play a central role in controlling major vectors of diseases such as mosquitoes, sand¯ies, ¯eas, lice, tsetse ¯ies, and triatomid bugs. In 1955 the World Health Organization (WHO) assembly proposed the global eradication of the most prevalent vector-borne human disease, malaria, by the use of residual house-spraying of DDT. However, the insecticide euphoria soon ended and in 1976 WHO of®cially reverted from malaria eradication to malaria control. This marked shift from malaria eradication to primary health care was an emotive issue, eliciting a rapid and complete change of rhetoric from WHO (12). Several issues had prompted this switch, but a major cause of the change in policy was the appearance of DDT resistance in a broad range of the mosquito vectors.
    [Show full text]