@))# sW3¯zi eu3Dx5 ry5Jtø5 ^%-u4 SUMMER 2003 ISSUE 65

w3csm5yi3bc3g5 eu3Dx5 Commemorative Edition

mr{[4 N9ostK6 x3ÇAi x?t9l b9om9li xiAwo3iuk5 ! sN c9lˆ3b/i5 nNm5hi xr8NusÌl4 nN/sMsJK6 wk5Jxu wo8ixtk5 Nlâ3yAts7uhi mr{[f5 x3ÇAi @%-i tusÔo3iui4 N9osic3tlQ5 nN/st9lA wµô3tQ/sMsJK6 woãpz5 Inga GrosvoldFw1c fD+Ó95 COMPLIMENTS: INNALIK SCHOOL Makivik Celebrates This fabric mural, commemorating Makivik’s 25th anniversary, was made by students in with the guidance of teacher, Inga Grosvold. its 25th Anniversary !

wMsQ5y mr{[f5 x3ÇAi @%-i tusÔo3iui4 N9osi3ysDtc3tlQ5 x9MytsostJk5 ñMcsyx˜C5y WsJaxÇl8i4. bfQx3lQ5 m2WC6 12–ü5g5 gryQx4viDmA[5.

Enter Makivik Corporation’s 25th Anniversary Writing Contest to win great prizes. See page 12 for details.

Participer au concours littéraire du 25ième anniversaire de la Société Makivik et gagner des prix intéressants. Voir page 12 pour plus de détails.

WA5pJ5 kN[s2 wkq8i4 Serving the of

MM65-Cover 1 8/15/03, 2:26 AM MM65-Cover Agreement, which provided compensatory measures totalling totalling measures compensatory provided which Agreement, 1988 the include These Nunavik. of Inuit the of behalf rightsoftheAboriginalPeoplesCanada. inal andtreaty 1982 the in 35 Constitution Act, which Section recognizes and theaffirms existing aborig entrenching on worked that nization orga national the within role key a played Makivik Constitution. gle for of recognition aboriginal and rights treaty in the strug Canadian the in involved deeply was It rights. Inuit of recognition economic developmentorganization. well political respected and and have socio- crafted it into a very them for work Makivik made has Inuit treaty.Nunavik modern a of integrity the protect and implement to mandated organization land claims agreement in , Makivik was the first aboriginal ofandmuchtobethankfulfor.proud be to much have We inception. Makivik’s since occurred have up in Kuujjuaq, I am still amazed at the tremendous changes that Agreement Québec Northern and Bay James the of signing the to pursuant (NQIA), Association Inuit Québec Northern the to successor the as since existence into came passed Makivik have decades half a and Two anniversary. 25th I ofMakivikCorporation President Pita Aatami W?9odbsA8Ngi4xqctŒAti4 r=Zg3hQ5 kNc3çymJw5 wkdtq8k5 WJ8NstQ/sJi4 vNbu. xq7mEstsymJk9l wob3ymAbs7mbkwbŒ3gi4 kNc3çymJ9l !(*@–u Wd/3Jxi Wd/1at5yAtq8i, Ì4fxwlxA5 îi3bst5yZhx3hi x9Mq5 #%–ü5gi4 WNhxcbs9MEymJ6 vNboµu wkw5WJ8Nstq8i4 tudtz5b vNbs2 Wd/3JxzA5. xq7mEstQ/symJk9l mr{[4 kNc4ymJw9l bs9ME5ymo3g5wobE/st5yZhx7mE5ht4 wobE/st5yNhx3hiwkw5WJ8Nstq8i4. Ì4fxwMsc- ®Ns/tA9l W?9oxt5ypsZhx3ic3hi. §hQ/s9MEA8N©?o3m5 tusÔAtc3hi Wix3ioEpsi3u4kN[7us5 wªy3ul wkw5 mr{[f8k5 WNhA5/symo3g5Ì4fxs9luibsJ5 tu1aoMs3ymZui5xq7mEstsymJ5 h3dwbs5yxDtq8i4. tudtQ/s5hi to/sMs3ymK6 vJyt5yd/s5hi nS5pymd/s5hilxqctŒAtsym7m5 vNbu, mr{[4 yK9oXs5hi kNc3çymJk5 xqJ7mExl7ul sWA§t5nc3hb. mr{[f5kwbsoMs3ym5mbi5. xqJ7mE7u4 WJEstcExc3SA5 ƒ5Jxu, ho xJá9osq8N§aKz xy5p?9oxJ7mEsJi4 Ömzi5 Ñ x7ml fÑ4 b3Czb xqctŒAtzb xtos3bsiz.Ì4fiz fÑ4 WD3niƒ5hz b3Czi wkw5 vg5pctŒ8izi4 mo5hA@%–i4 Ö8N x3ÇAw5èuy xiA3ymo3mb mr{[f5Ô W1aMs3ymt9lQi5 wNœy5ht4 mr{[s2 tudtzb xzJçmEz5 Wb ᐋbu n June 2003, Makivik commemorated its its commemorated Makivik 2003, June n i @))#–u, mr{[f5 sWA§tcMs3g5 @%–i4 x3ÇA3go3iui4. Makivik has negotiated several beneficial agreements on agreements beneficial several negotiated has Makivik pursuing in active very been has Makivik creation, its Since Just as the JBNQA has been characterized as the first modern mr{[4 xqctŒZhxDtc3ymo3g6 xuhZM8i4 Wix3icc5bg7mEsymo3g5 mr{[4kwoMs3ymZui5 Öm5ãN6 xqctŒ8i6 yK9oXs5hi s9luibs5hi kNÌChxDtj5 (JBNQA). Growing Growing (JBNQA). - - - 2 able subsidiary, which has been recognized for the past two years was acquired in 1990 and Makivik turned it into a profit successful business that we can proud all to be call very our own. creation of . This airline company has been a consistently Nunavik, Makivik launched itself in the through the airline industry in transportation air of importance the Given ventures. business in succeeding of capable are organizations Inuit-controlled that ourfuture. us todetermine having an overall government for Nunavik, which will better allow that Makivik and the Inuit of Nunavik will soon realize the dream of Government Framework Agreement was signed. We are confident Nunavik a 2003, June In Nunavik. for government of form new a with the mandate to develop recommendations for the creation of Commission Nunavik a establish to Accord Political the signed in theregion. provincial in government 2002 to provide economic development the with negotiated was Agreement Sanarrutik The in-Principle. Agreement- Region Marine Inuit Nunavik the signed Canada of forInuit. employment andtrainingopportunities a sharing of the profits generated from the Raglan nickel mine and W/sJmic7mE5gu4v?mQ/six3liwl8ˆA5kN[7usk5, Nl1qMA5 mr{[f9l kN[7usl wkw5 csp5nstQixExq5 xqctŒZhxDtk5 g1z[5nq8k5 kN[s2xqctŒAtu4 v?m5nEZ/3bzi4. Ôixtos3bsJcMsJ6. @))#–u, kN[s2 v?m5nzk5 to/smAtc3tlQ5 whm5nysDt5nos3ixt9lQ5Wix3ioEº5 kw5yZhx3ij5 xq7mEstq8i4 kÌu4 kw5yAtst9lQ5 kN[7u cspn3gn3i4@))@–u ®Ns/tA5 mr2XoxZhxDt5nst9lQ5 bµi kNu. xqctŒZhxDtsMsJ7uJ5WNhxctQ5hQ5v?m4fq5fÑ4f5 xqctŒAtxW8i4.nN3Dt4dtzk5Ì4fxxqctŒAtq5 v?mzlbEsxtosctŒMsÔ4kN[7us5Ì4fizwkw5 wk8i4. ê4M8u s/C8ixj5 x7ml WNhZc3tyi3j5 WQs3nC5nc3tyi3jl Falconbridge xqctŒAti4 xqctŒZhxDbsMsJi4 wMQ5hQ5 s/C8ixt4f5 ƒ8ixt4f5h3êiq8k5ÌMi4 ê4M8ux7mlƒzi4, ƒ4Jx2 xqctŒAtzi4,xrøAtst9lA sk3io8i4 uox8R$*.% wkq5.kN[s2 wMc3tlQ5ƒ4Jxus5!(**–u mfiz In addition to political representation, Makivik has proven proven has Makivik representation, political to addition In In 1999, Makivik and the federal and provincial governments More recently, in October 2002, Makivik and the Government !(((–u, mr{[f9l v?mgc4fl fÑ4fl xtosctŒMsJ5 vNbs2 mr{[f9l @))@–u, s5©WE c7usi3nf5, –f5 !((%–u, x[cbsA8Nixo3tlQ5 çq3ifoxi4

BOB MESHER Falconbridge in 1995, which provides for with negotiated Agreement Raglan the and River, Koksoak the on development $48.5-million dollars for impacts of hydro cz5bÔq8i4.cz5bÔoEps5hiÌ8N wkw5 cz5bÔoEi3u4, kw5yht4 wq3CstcExc3i6 WQx3tyMs3ymJ5 mr{[f5kN[7u, cz5bÔ4f5 W7mEsifzk5 WNhZdtc3ii4. N7uiElQ5 vJyt5yyxD8NExq5 tusJ5 xsMbq5 wkw5 bm4fx r=Zg3izk5,mr{[f5bf5nst5yymJ5 yKi5nt8i4. Nlâ3yyx3insAtsA8Nix3lil M/tl Wix3ioEitA5 wMQ/st9lA - - Jessie Munick,ZebedeeJaaka,CharlieEkomiak,andUqittuq. (L-R):DaisyAnnahatak, Québec.Seenhere atCampMasawippi,nearSherbrooke, anannualtwo-weekadventure from returning plane backhome.Theywere justabout tocatcha onJuly12thastheywere metattheTravel byAnnieN.Snowball(farleft),were LodgeinDorval ofhappycampers,escorted This group x5poxaJ[î5 sfxGnsuxi5bo3Wxk5H:ᑏyNcb4, yxymi6,èWt÷v6,ño w3Dux6x7mlyxyse5g6 !@-u xi3Cuk5xs9MMzo3tlQ5. xi3CX9oxoMsJJ5xs9˜ym[7u xtc3guµnAwWux3ÇAbµ5WNhxD¥8iµ3Îi xs9˜ym[s§u¥SJ4fÑ4j5. sfx xs9˜ym/3gymJ[î5 xoxh5gCÖ5,wMc3ht4 vmp[i3ui4ii.yªÙu4 Gnsu3yxî8iÙ6Hvt/sMsJJ5gJ3us[7u gx¿9us9Mf5Jä 8/15/03, 2:26AM

SAMMY KUDLUK BOB MESHER tudbsJ6 vJyt5yyxq8Nc5bymo3g6 WNhZc3[sJu4 wl8Nb vt[4 kNooµ5 v?mzb, kNø5 vtmp4fq5b, kNu4 tAux3tf5 WJEstQ5hA N7uiE/5ti4. Ó+5 wx4f5 is[3bsMs3ymJ5 x7ml kN[7u kNooµ5 wlyoEi3u4 vtmpq5. èuy Ñ2 !(()–u mr{[f8kl çq3ifosD8Nt9lA tuxDdtQ/sK5, xqctŒ8izk5 kwbsymJ5 w2WQ/st5yAtsMsJ5 bm8N x?tK5 wobE/sic3ymo3hil x3ÇÅ8i m3Îi wMQ/sQxz Ì4fkz W?9otbsZ/3tlA x5pQ/sqgu4 nS5/symic3ixli. s9lu %)–k5 wq3Ctbs5yxi3XsJk5 tusJk5 vNbu. wl8ˆA5 Nf3üDt5nco3gA5 WsJu4 e7mE/smQxu4. mr{[f5 kw5yymo3uJ5 kN[7u iegw8NoEpi4, c9lt4 xqctŒ8iu4 vJyt5yyxChxEx6 W/ExgJ7mEsymQK6. scsy- s3hxl8ixt4fi4 x7ml c7usi3n6 Ì4fiz kN[7u nNá5 clxaxDmJA5 kNc3çymJ5 tudtq8k5 xqctŒZhx3ic3ixgk5 tuxDdtui4. WNhxctc§a7uJ6 xyq8i4 WNhxctQ?5bt8i4 kNÌChxDtk5 xqctŒAt5ni4 w2WQ/sQxc3m5 bm4fx vg5pctQ§5ti4, sfiz kNK5us5 sux3JxoEpq5, sˆ6 vJyt5yAt5ni4, ®Ns/c3tyAt5ni9l s9lE/sQxc3ixgi9l wcl8ixᑏ5 x7ml srs3bgoµu wkw5 WNhxC5noEpq5. xqctŒZhxDts5yxExc3mb wMQ/slt4 kNÌChxDtk5 bm4fx WNhxC5noxEym/K5 WJ8Nqgx3mb iEsQym/5ti4 xqctŒAtj5. !(*(–u, xtosMs3ymJA5 Ì4fiz èuy Ñ s{?¬8î5 ˆ7myx3gi4 WNhZ5nosqgx3mb, wo5yAtQ?5bK5, x7ml x7ml fÑ4 b3Czb xqctŒAtq8i4 ᐋ3eQx9˜EAtk5 xqc- mr{[4 ᐋ3ehwQx5yxy5hi gÇZ3ui4 kw5yhi çq3ifos3gi4 tŒAti4 v?mgc4fl. WNhx7mEc5bymo3gA5, ®Ns/3gmE5hbl N7uiE5hQ5 WNhZc3[dtu8i4. xJw8NmE5hbl w2WQ/c5yxChx3hb bm4fx x5pŒqg5 kwbt- bfc5bogxCm kN[s2 kNoq8i tuxDdt5ti4 xyq8il bsJ5 xqctŒ8iu mo5bsyxClx3m¯b. whxdti4 WA5p[8il kwbsymo3gi4 mr{[f5 ®Ns/c3tyizA5, ho xyq8i4 ñ1z/5nsJi4 kwJcCb1qg6. kNK5 Nf3nmE§aKz vg5pctŒ8isymÔ2 yKo3tq5b WNhx3b[iq8i4 WNhZ5nsQxo8i4 W[5nc5yxq7m5 ®Ns/tA9l w7uieAt5nc5yxCi x7ml yKixA5 s9lul S3gi3nsymJi4, vtmpsc5bymJi9l bm4fkz s[4vdt5tk5 ®Ns/tA5 n©t5nc5yxDtsZ/3gi4 WNh5tsymJi9l mr{[j5. sus/s2 kNozb kwbsymiz, yKi5ti. bm8N, whmQ/C, ñ1z/si3XsQxc3tlA W9MEsi3Xshil wk8il kÌi4 w9lc3tyAᑏ5 sux4f[5ãl, u3hᕖ9l, gnsᑏ9l, mr{[s2 vmQQxoq8i5. wkw5 cz5bÔq9l, Ó+5 wx4fl, W1axᕖ9l yx3E/3ᕖl wªh5gmEs5hz yKo3tsZm, Nf3üSz yKi5nos3tQym/4vi x7ml u{ᕖ5 wl8Nt4 bfJ8NDtQo3bK5 hNs7m¯b wk5tA5 wk8i4, wk8il bf5nsq5gf5 WA5pymJi4 mr{[u4, WNhx3ymiq8k5 Wymo3bK5 iXcDtQ5yxhQ5 WJ8NstK5 WJ5ns÷DtK9l x7ml WJm/c3ht4 Wsyosut5yAmi3u4 kN[7u wª5Jyu4 x7ml Ömzoµ6 ckwosq8Noµ3hQ5 v?m4f5 vJyt5yyx3tZ53hQ5 wk8i4 wªyc3tyA8Nizk5 s9luso3g6 yM3JxE/so3gu. èuy Ñ x7ml fÑ4 b3Czb xqctŒAt[iq8i4. s2WE/c3Sz wªo3[ys5yxE5 mr{[4. mr{[4 vJyt5yyx3ymoExz w2WQ/c5yxhi yMgñDtQ5yxhQ9l xro3bsAtsymJi4 ®Ns/osDtc3iu4 kwbsymJi4 èuy Ñ x7ml fÑ4 b3Czb xqctŒAtzA5. mr{[4 vJyt5ypsymK6 vg5pctŒ8izi4, Ì4fx xqctŒZhx3tsym7mb kwbsJtQym/q8i vt[4 wo8ixioEs2,

as one of the 50 best-managed companies in Canada. services. Provisions of the JBNQA also ensured that our environ- Makivik also went on to create Nunavik Foods, Halutik ment would benefit from special protection. Today, we can fully Enterprises and, most recently, Nunavik Creations. We also work appreciate the legacy it has left us. in close collaboration with other partners through joint ventures, Implementing the JBNQA has been a challenge. Our main such as Eastern Arctic Shipping, Unaaq Fisheries and advice to indigenous organizations negotiating land claims agree- Pan Arctic Inuit Logistics. When our ventures did not meet our ments is to ensure that an implementation mechanism, a specific expectations or provide sufficient employment opportunities, we funding arrangement and time frames are negotiated alongside learned our lessons, and Makivik reoriented its objectives to cre- the land claims agreement. In 1989, we signed the James Bay ate profit-making businesses. and Northern Implementation Agreement with the federal When I look around Nunavik communities and see our sub- government. We have spent much time, funds and effort ensuring sidiary companies as well as the facilities and infrastructures that the various provisions of the JBNQA are respected. that were made possible through Makivik funding, I fully appre- The challenges still exist. Our region lacks the necessary ciate the work undertaken by the NQIA leaders and the past and employment possibilities and economic independence that will present executives, boards and employees of Makivik. The cre- ensure that our youth will have a financially secure future. This ation of the community of Umiujaq, the construction of new social is, in my opinion, the most challenging and crucial of Makivik’s housing and of the marine infrastructures, the sewing centres, responsibilities. the FM radio stations, Air Inuit, First Air, the recreation facilities As a younger leader, I thank our past Inuit leaders, as well as and arenas, and the airports are all examples of what Inuit have the people behind the scenes at Makivik, for the work they have achieved by effectively speaking up for our rights and interests done in the spirit of improving Nunavik living conditions and in pro- and maintaining constant pressure on governments to properly viding a contemporary way for Inuit to adapt to the modern world. implement the JBNQA. I believe that Makivik has succeeded in Happy Birthday Makivik. the careful and wise investment of the compensation provided under the JBNQA.

Makivik is the successor to the NQIA, which was respon- magazine sible for negotiating the creation of the Kativik School Board, the Kativik Regional Government, the municipal corporation,

the Landholding Corporation and the Board of health and social MAKIVIK 3 Ì4fNi s9lt8i / THIS SEASON

mr{[f5 @%–i4 x3ÇA3go3izk5 sWA§tc3tlQ5, w7mç w3csmÜ8Ng5nsKA5 ck6 wªycMs3im¯5b Ì4fx èuy Ñ x7ml fÑ4 b3Czb xqctŒAtq5 kwMs3tNQ5, mr[4 fxSᕇn8 mr[4 kNogò5 tudtQ?z5 to/sAtc3ym5hi r=Zg3ixt9lA Ö5hmi wkw5 iWcMs3ym1qmb ck6 hNgw8â5 yKjx5ty?9oxlil wkw5 WAm/q8i4 kN[7u. wMsJdtgxc3g6 vmQ/sic§a7m¯b xq3CK5b kNzi. s9luo, v?m4f5 wk8i4 W?9odtÌ3ymJi4 èuy Ñ x7ml fÑ4 b3Czi xqctŒ8isymJu5. mr[4 w2WQ/cExc3S6 vJytbs5yxm¯b Wix3ioEi4f5 wkoEi4f5 yKo3tq5 gngw8N§a5/A8âg5 whµlAt5ti4, ryxil WsygcoEi4fl W?9odtÌEym/q5 xqctŒ8if5. xsM5yi3jl Nsoµ4f5 §hQ/c§ao3g5, bm4fx wkw5 gryix3[s§ao3mb eg3qsChx3iu9l ®Ns/i4 st3[sAt5n/i4 wkw5 wMsA8Nyd9lQ5 b3Cu ®Ns/3tA5 mrbZhx3ij5. x7ml yKo3ypsi3u4 tAux§ao3mb grÌEA5pZhx3ht4 Makivik Corporation kN[7u. bm8N bf5nslxaxMs3g6 s9lu WNhx3bsJj5 Makivik is the ethnic organization mandated to represent and promote the interests kwbsJcChx3tlA kN[s2 v?m5nzi4, x7ml5bs6 of Nunavik. Its membership is composed of the Inuit beneficiaries of the James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement (JBNQA). Makivik’s responsibility is to ensure WNhZc3[dbsJ5 kwbs?9oxiq8i4 bµi kNu. the proper implementation of the political, social, and cultural benefits of the mr{[f5 xuh7mExl8i4 xuh1a?9oxJi9l x5paxdtø5 Agreement, and to manage and invest the monetary compensation so as to enable the Inuit to become an integral part of the northern economy. Ö5hmibi4 wkw5 vg5pctŒ8iz5 fÑ4 b3Czi mr[4 eu3Dxq5 tusq8ˆt9lA. Ì4fx eu3Dx5 kwbt5yJ5 kxbsymo3g5 mr[4f5 eu3Dxq5 kwbs?2S5 mr[s2 gnC3nix3[zk5. gis3c- wMq8i4, bf5nst5yAtQ5hQ5 kN[7usi4 @%–i4 x3ÇÅMs3gi4 bs?5g5 xrc3tNQ5 wk8k5 W?9odt5n/o8k5 èuy Ñu fÑ9l b3Czi xqctŒ8iu4. bf8NbsJ5 whmQ/sJ9l b=Zi mr[4 fxSᕇns2 S3gi3nq5b WsysymJi4. iEs7uJA5 grymi3u4 cspn3ixEx2W5 mr{[s2 whmQ/gw8NE1qbq5. g1zh5tyKA5 x9MoD5y eu3Dxos3tj5, gnC5ni4 u5ñk5 rslQ5 mr{[s2 xWEstq5. µ8Nsizi, xuhZä5 x9Max3ymJi9l, x5paxi9¬8î5. xᑏy, gÇDty GyMᑏ5H, sçMstyl x9McystlQ5. kN[s9l xyq9l Wix3ioEº5 yKo3tq5 mipymo3g5 Makivik Magazine Nf3üDtub scsyq8i4. Makivik Magazine is published quarterly by Makivik’s Information Department. wl8Nq8i4 wMsJoµi4 wMsdpix3SA5 @%–i4 It is distributed free of charge to Inuit beneficiaries of the JBNQA. The opinions expressed herein are not necessarily those of Makivik Corporation or its Executive. x3ÇA3go3izk5 x9MytsQs3ntbsi3j5, si4vsyc3ly ck6 We welcome letters to the editor and submissions of articles, artwork, or mr{[f5 gi3Dtc3ymo3m¯b wMt8k5, kNo5yk9l s{?¬8î5 photographs. Please include your full name, address, and telephone number. mr{[f5 S3gi3nq5 kN[7j5. xgi5 wMsJoµ5 Nf3ng5nsK5 mr{[dtui4, x7ml Wb ᐋbu, xzJ3ç6 Wlx3gu4 xox§tcD5y s{?¬8î5 x5pQ/sqi3nst9lA ÷i Wb, xzJ3ç2 gzoz W5nb3[ni4 WD3Xoxt5yi3i4 WA5p[7u bfAmicD5y, si4Ï[sAmKA5 wl8Nb¡ ᐋbu xMf, xzJ3ç2 gzoz mrbZhx3if5 WD3Xoxt5yi3u4 WA5p[7u ᐋ8bi w5gñ5, ®Ns/oEp ÷p Ít, x9Mt At this occasion of Makivik Executive Makivik’s silver anni- Pita Aatami, President Johnny Peters, Resource Development Vice-President versar y, perhaps we Adamie Alaku, Economic Development Vice-President should reflect on how Anthony Ittoshat, Treasurer George Berthe, Secretary life for us must have mr{[f5 WNh5toµq8i4 Nf3nmE8it8i4 cspm/sdpKA5, xyoµq8il been before the James W[Qc5bMs3bt8i4 gn3tyAt5ni4 x9MbsJ5ni9l eu3Dxox5ti4 B a y a n d N o r t h e r n W5yxymt5yicMs3gi4. We wish to express our sincere thanks to all Makivik staff, as well as to all Quebec Agreement, others who provided assistance and materials to make the production of this when Inuit had practi- magazine possible. BOB MESHER xsM5/Qx9MᕖD/sm5hi x9˜ymtbsJ6¡ cally no say about how eu3Dxos3t / Editor Stretched to the limit! Ù2 uxh / Bob Mesher things were managed in our own homeland. eu3Dxos3ts2 wvJ3tz/ Associate Editor ñu v9M4 / Sammy Kudluk Nowadays, government leaders not only hear our concerns, but gnc5bstAtoEi3u4 WNh5t / Communications Officer there is a growing respect from all sides, whereby Inuit are con- øn dW3Dxl4 / Lisa Koperqualuk sulted and take leading roles toward decision making in Nunavik. scsys2 É2Xk5 k5tEº5/ Translation This is especially evident in our present work towards the cre- mE-yyx9 XC§3 / Marie-Cécile Brasseur ᐋi s4W4 / Annie Okpik ation of a Nunavik government, as well as in business ventures µb csÜ / Martha Kauki in the region. çpx rosb6 / Harriet Keleutak ᐄ? Wl3©5 / Eva Pilurtuut Makivik has a large and growing collection of photographs ñu Sgo4 / Sammy Putulik that date back to the days of the NQIA. This issue displays a eu3DxD3bsJ5 / Layout sampling of the collection, which illustrates Nunavik’s past quar- w5yx5tC tã8f8k5 / Etsetera Design ter-century. We also hope you will challenge your knowledge of x9MymJ1awAbsmJ5 mr{[f5 gnc5bstAtoEi3u4 WA5p[zk5 Published by the Makivik Information Department the corporation by taking our Makivik Quiz. Meanwhile, several P.O. Box 179, Kuujjuaq, Quebec Nunavik and other political leaders have graciously submitted their J0M 1C0 Canada @))# sW3¯zi eu3Dx5 ry5Jtø5 ^%-u4 ����������� �������� sçMstz / Telephone: (819) 964-2925 congratulatory remarks. eu3Dx5 yM2Wxzî5g5: mr{[f5 x9M[7mEz5 We encourage all beneficiaries to participate our 25th anni- ƒ4Jxu, kwbctst9lA bfh8âo3tymJ6 mr{[f5 w3csm5yi3bc3g5 eu3Dx5 versary writing contest, and tell us what you think about Makivik’s ��������������������� b3ndtz5, nN1axbsJ[i6 Ù2 uxhj5 mr{[4 N9ostK6 x3ÇAi x?t9l b9om9li xiAwo3iuk5�� contributions to your family, your home community, or the region. ������������������ Cover: Makivik’s head office in Kuujjuaq, with our stylized ���������������������� eu3Dxq5 corporate logo. Illustration by Bob Mesher Every beneficiary can feel proud of their corporation, and if there are things that you are especially happy about or wish to see dif-

WA5pJ5 kN[s2 wkq8i4 ����������������������������

mr[4f5 ISSN 1481-3041 ferently, share it with us all! 4 wloq5 / Contents

yKj5 wq3CJ5 kN[s2 v?m5nzk5 @))# sW3¯zi SUMMER 2003 Toward a Nunavik Government 6 eu3Dx5 ry5Jtø5 ^%-u4 ISSUE 65 Wd/oEi3tA5 wµôDt Legal Tip 8

kN[7u nNá5 Nunavik Creations 15

cspn3ii gry/symo3g5 Research Observations 21

mr{[f5 NMs5ñt5yAtq5 Makivik Quiz 25

wkw5 cz5bÔq5b SJq8i mòt5yi3u4 WNhxZdtc3g5 ®Ns/osChx3ij5 srs3bgu W9MEx¬K5. Air Inuit Propwash 30

BOB MESHER sfx fxX2f5 vt1zpq5 vtmicMsJK5 vq3hu wcl8ix[dtui4 sçctŒAtc3ht4. vq3h6 cspm/s5yxmE7m5 wcl2Wi4 mr{[s2 b3ndtzb si4vsy3bz wcl8ixEx3[yx9MEx¬Qxz. Outfitting businesses are an important means of commerce for the North. Here the The Story of Makivik’s Logo 32 Co-op directors of Kangirsuk meet to discuss their fish camp. Kangirsuk is noted as one of Nunavik’s favourite Arctic char destinations. Wix3iK5 Piniarnivut 36

wo8ixt5yº5 wo8ixtbsiz5 sN hNV / WHAT IS THIS? Teacher Training 41 McstÌD8NSt5FñM8îAtÌD8NSt5 ßuz x5paxu4F x5pdtu4 ñ WNh5ᑏ5 tE3dz5 hNs7m¯5 NMs5ylxgxD[5. hNsJE5yi3k5 NMs5yQxDtt5 Staff Corner 43 x9Mb3[f5 xs9Mt9lQ5 sKz gÇ3lt4 “Mystery Photo Contest” x5paxu4 NlN3gu4 Wos5pAtc3i6 s?i gÇDtu. x3ÇAi x?t9l b9om9li WJ8NyxdN3St5¡ 45 You could win $100 if you guess what this mysterious x5poxac5bymo3g5 25 Years in Photos picture is. Mail your answer to “Mystery Photo Contest” at the address shown below. Good Luck! kN[7us5 gnC5nq5 Nunavik Notes 62 NMsbsQx˜3g5 ƒ4Jxu ie5ygi y2t7WE @^, @))#ao3X5 Drawing will be held in Kuujjuaq on s[Z3g5 Youth 72 Friday, 26th September 2003.

x5paxu4 NlN3gu4 Wos5pAtc3i6 ÔyW se5g6 n9lus6 ñM8îAtÌMsJK6FñMcstÌMsJK6 mr{[s2 R!)).))-i4 NMsbc3hi douÅo7u4. xyq5 ñMcstÌMsJJ5 gnc5bstAtoEi3u4 sfx ifM+ x˜hx6, ni ᐋb7+, f9l n[x5J4 x7ml Ù9 WA5p[z5 gvl4 NMs5yJi4 rs5Jtc3ht4. Mystery Photo Contest Makivik Information Department Josepie Okituk of Salluit P.O. Box 179 won $100 for correctly Kuujjuaq, QC guessing this helicopter. J0M 1C0 Other prizes were won by Nicolas Alashuak, Sonny Adams, Kullu Saviadjuk, and Paul Tookalook for their

ñM8îAtÌQx9ä5 / BONUS PRIZES correct answers. magazine m3Î4 s[iÎ4 Év9Mø4 m3Îl Nñ4 t3exø4 Two T-shirts and two baseball caps.

www.makivik.org MAKIVIK 5 kN[s2 v?m5nzª3Xoxi3j5

x9Mbq5 øn dW3Dx¬2 Toward a Nunavik Government

By Lisa Koperqualuk

ra9oÙu kbsyo3tEstcMsJ6 kN[s2 v?m5nzkxzJu4 The last update in the process toward a Nunavik government xqctŒZhxDtiC3bsht4 xqctŒZhx3bsJ5ni4 xqctŒAt5nu4 was that the negotiation framework agreement was being final- W/ᕇ3bs?9oxiC3bshi ryxi sb3eQxcMsJA5 fÑ4u ized but we had to wait for provincial elections to pass. The iDx3isQxcMsJu4. Ì4fx xqctŒZhxDtsix3g5 hNsiq8k5 negotiation framework agreement is one step in the negotiations xqctŒAᑏ5 g9oExzDts§5 xqctŒZhxDtogx3mb, process, required under a federal government policy when nego- x©t/s/Exc3hi v?mgc4f5 gÇZoxEym/q5b xÌA xqc- tiating aboriginal self-government. The next undertaking would tŒZhxDtcogxCu4 kNc3çymJw5 N7ui6 v?mÌChxDtq8i4. be to have the framework agreement signed as official approval bm8N ra9ocoC/3uJ6 xqctŒAᑏ5 xtos3bsiq8i4, by the three parties: the Nunavik party, the Québec government, kN[7usk5, fÑ4 v?mzk9l x7ml v?mgc4fk5. and the federal government. sW3znst9lA, vNbs2 v?mz5 xqDtcMs3g5 By springtime, the Government of Canada had approved the xqctŒZhxDt5nk5 xqctŒAtsMs3gu4 ryxi fÑ4u framework agreement, and only the Québec provinicial elections iDx3isMs3gj5 ra?Ex3tbsymo3g5 xq3bsMEAt5nq5. µ8No, delayed the final approval. Now, with those elections well behind iDx3isMs3g6 rai5tîggcso3tlA, iEs8ic5nstQoMs3gA5 us, we recently looked forward to its signing by the three par- ties. The newly elected provincial Liberal government and the Minister of Aboriginal Affairs of Quebec (Secretariat aux affaires autochtones - SAA), Benoit Pelletier, took a period of time to settle in, and at last the province was ready to sign! Even so, while it is now the Liberal government we are most likely con- tinuing the negotiations with, we also send our tribute to the Parti Québecois government who have paved the way with us diligently and in noble manner. On June 26, 2003 Makivik president, Pita Aatami, and Benoit Pelletier met with Premier Jean Charest at his office and signed the negotiation framework agreement togeth- er. The signing took place in the presence of the premier; the Nunavik negotiators: Minnie Grey, Harry Tulugak, and Maggie

fÑ4f xzJ3çz5 ÷8 ñᕇ x7ml ui fº, Ì8N wMQ/sJ6

SAA: ANDRÉ PICHETTE kN[7u xqctŒZhx3tk5 ãjctc3g6. Premier Jean Charest and Minnie Grey, one of the Nunavik negotiators, cordially shake hands.

xtos3bsixo3tlQ5 Ì4fkz Wzhwk5 r=Zg3t7mEQ/sJk5. Ì4fx iDx3bsc7uMs3g5 Liberal–f5 v?mdtq5 x7ml fÑ4f5 kNc6ÏymJoEpzb ui+bz, W8kx Wo5¥, wi9Mt3ç- Ü8NMs3hi wiQo3bui4, xgw8ND5nCboMs3g5 fÑ4f5 xtoscbsgw8NExcyt9lQ5¡ ÖàZlx3tlA, µ8Nf5 v?mQ/so3gi4 xqctŒZhxctcq8NMzJ5nsZlx3hb, i9oDtcDmJA5 Nf3ni5ti4 Parti Quebecois–f5 v?mQMs3bq8i4 x3dysctQMsC5tQ5 v5hô5yxi4f5 sWA§t5yxi4fl. Ôi @^, @))#–u mr{[s2 xzJçmEz5, Wb ᐋbu x7ml W8kx Wo5¥l vtm5yMsJÔ4 fÑ4 xzJçmEzi4 ÷8 nᕇu4

m8gpxu x9M[zi xtosctQ5ha xqctŒZhxDt5nk5 magazine

eu3Dxq5 xqctŒAtq8i4. xtos3ic3tlA fÑ4 xzJçmEz5 ÉymJ5 xqctŒNhx3Dt5ã5 x?lo3bsmAt5nq8i4 xqctŒ8iu4 ÉymcbsMsJ5 sfxaMsJ5: kN[s2 xqctŒZhx3tq5 SAA: ANDRÉ PICHETTE xtosDtc3gk5. mr[4f5 ui fp, çE glZ6 µr wm3M4 x7ml5bs6 Wb ᐋbus2 Group present for the negotiation framework agreement signing. MAKIVIK 6 7 Wx8kx Wxo5¥, fÑ4f xzJ3çz5 ÷8 ñᕇ x7ml Wb ᐋbu SAA: ANDRÉ PICHETTE Benoit Pelletier, Premier Jean Charest, and Pita Aatami.

S3gi3nsctq5: ᐋbu xMf, ᐋ8bi w5gñ5 x7ml ÷p Ít. ÷8 Emudluk; as well as Pita Aatami’s fellow executives: Adamie ñᕇ niusbcMsJ6 sfiz: v?mq5b S3gi3nk5 xzJçz5, Alaku, Anthony Ittoshat, and George Berthe. Beside Jean uyx9 4ᕇ5 x7ml kNc3çymJoEis2 g3cb3[z, xo? m3ys9. Charest was his Chef de cabinet, Michel Crête, and the SAA ÉymcbsMsJ7uJ5 fÑ4f5 xqctŒZhx3tz5 Ìix9 Wx8[is Chef de cabinet, Olivier Marcil. Also present was the Québec x7ml kNc3çymJoEp4fk5 x9Mt7mEz5 Eu pÇ5. negotiator, Daniel Bienvenue and Secrétaire général for SAA, s9lu ho sb3egw8No3gA5 v?mgc4f5 wkoEp7mEq2b Rémy Girard. g3cb3[zb s÷S5 ª95 xtos3ixizi4 Ì4fiz As of today, we await the Minister of Indian Affairs Robert xqctŒZhxDt5nk5 xqctŒAti4. bm8N W/ᕇ3X5, kN[s2 Nault’s signature on the negotiation framework agreement. Once v?m5nzk5 xqctŒZhxq8NMzQxq5 iEsQ/sMzJ5. this is done, the negotiations toward a Nunavik government are xqctŒZhxDt5nk5 xqctŒAᑏ5 kwbt5yMzJ5 bm8N expected to continue. xqctŒZhx3isMzJ6 m3Dwozli WNhx3bsic3ixt9lA The framework agreement outlines two phases of nego- x7ml kÌu4 wlw4vsˆ3tgi4 ®Ns/c3tyAt5nsix3gi4 kN[s2 tiations and new block funding arrangements for a Nunavik v?mzi4. yK9oÙu xqctŒZhxDtc3ixg5 bm4fx wkoµi4 government. In the first phase, all the public institutions in WA5p[s§oµ5 kN[7u xbsy1atbsZ/3tlQ5; gzozîoDt9l Nunavik would be amalgamated; while in the second phase, kN[s2 v?mzb krQQx9M˜3bq8i4 xqctŒZhxDtcylt4 additional powers for a Nunavik government would be negotiated x7ml xqctŒAtk5 wMsix3gi4 vJytbsJc3uli. and a supplementary agreement concluded.

scsy5ncDtt5 gn3bsJm5yxS5 Your Input is Important

mr{[s2 xqctŒZhx3tdtq5 ui fºl, µr wm3Ml x7ml çp glZ6 Makivik negotiators, Minnie Grey, Maggie Emudluk w¬8Ny8i4 kN[7usi4 g1zhdpK5 scsy5ny8i4 sc3[QAmA5yQ5 and Harry Tulugak are inviting all Nunavimmiut to ckgw8Noµ5yx6 whµlAtcD5y¬8î5 scsy5ngw8NcD5y¬8î5 express their concerns, comments and suggestions, wµôExDt5nc3gEA5y¬8î s{?¬8î5 ckgw8N6 xWEst5nc3iD5y or to ask for any information concerning these N7ui6 c?m5nos3iu4 xqctŒZhx3iu4 WNhx3iq8k5. scomst4f5 ongoing self-government negotiations. The toll-free

N7ui6 xro3ixq5by8k5 sçM[QA8Nby sKz sçMstj5 magazine number to call is: eu3Dxq5 y?i3ly: 1-800-361-7052 1-800-361-7052 mr[4f5 MAKIVIK

6 7 Wd/oEi3u4 cspQx9MDᑏ5 Legal Tips

x9Mb[iq5 ÷nM8 ÙEx5, Wd/oEps2 By Jocelyn Barrett, Lawyer

mr{[f5: tudtQ/y Makivik: Your Company

mr{[s2 tudtz kwbsMs3ymK6 Ôi @*, !(&*–u Makivik Corporation was established on June 28, 1978 by fÑ4 sc3[mEzb Wd/oxzA5 Ö/sAyo7u4 wµ4, Wdè5 a special Act of the Québec National Assembly entitled An Act W5JtQ5hA mr{[4 fxSᕇn8. mr{[f5 wNœMs3ymJ5 fÑ4 Respecting the Makivik Corporation. Makivik took over the role b3Czi wkw5 vg5pctŒ8izi4 t4fxbsmAtco3hil of the Northern Québec Inuit Association (NQIA), and became the >wkw5 r=Zg3tz5> s?i èuy Ñ x7ml fÑ4 b3Czb designated “Inuit party” to the James Bay and Northern Québec xqctŒ8izi5 GxqctŒ8i6H. Agreement (JBNQA). mr{[f5 yKi5nc3S5 Wpsi3u4, xsM5ypsi3ul Makivik’s objectives are to receive, administer, use and xg3tsi3ul ®Ns/i4 st3gnos3iu9l xro3bsAtsymJi4 invest the compensation provided under the JBNQA for the Inuit; xqctŒ8itÅ3gi4 wkw5 to relieve poverty and W9lQ5 wf9MsutbsdlQ5 promote the welfare and xJ3niq5 Ü9lg3lQ9l the advancement of edu- ckwqyx3iq5 wo8ix- cation of the Inuit; to tbsosudlQ9l wkw5 develop and improve the W?9oxt5yAt5nji4 Wsy- Inuit communities and to osut5yAt5ni9l wkw5 improve their means of kNoq8i4 Wsyosu- action; and to foster, pro- tQx3lQ9l Wix3iEA8Nbq5, mote, protect and assist x7ml vJq3nlQ5, in preserving the Inuit Ü9lg3lQ9l nS5plQ9l way of life, values and wvJ3lQ9l xyst5y- traditions. ÖoZhx3tlQ5 wk5tA5 Makivik was incor- wl3dy3ui4, w9oE/q9l porated as a non-profit Wsygcq9l. organization and there-

mr{[45 tu1a- SAMMY KUDLUK fore must use its assets tbsymK6 çq3ifos3gn/ for community purposes sZi Öà7m5 xgExc§6 Wdt7mE7ui4 kNø5 W5JtQlQ5 and other activities of general benefit to the Inuit. Makivik can- xyq8il hNhxD5plQ5 wl8ˆA5 W?9odt5nst9lQ5 not directly distribute its assets for the individual benefit of any wk8k5. mr{[4 gê8Ngu4 É5©tcD8Nq5g5 Wdt7mE7ui4 member of the Corporation. wk©N3tgk5 W?9odt5nst9lQ5 N9ogw8Nq8k5 mr{[j5 According to the Act Respecting the Makivik Corporation, wMsJk5. only Inuit beneficiaries are or may be members of the bf8ˆhQ5 Wdè5 W5JtQ5hA mr{[4 fxSᕇn8, Corporation. wkw5 wMsÔiC3bsJ5 ryxi wMsÔK5 wMsÔA8N3¬î5 An annual general meeting (AGM) is a meeting of the mem- mr{[j5. bers of the corporation. Makivik’s by-laws state that “...all x3ÇAbµ5 vtmi7mEz5 Gvtmi7mE4H vtmAbs§aK6 mr{[j5 questions at meetings of members of the Corporation shall be wMsJk5. mr{[s2 Wd÷Wq5 sc3S5 wµ4, >...xWEstoµ5 decided by a majority in number of the votes cast by the mem- mr{[s2 wMsJdtq5b vtmioµq8i grÌ3bsQxø5 bers present either in person or by proxy and entitled to vote at et3cq8i5 sk3ink5 iDx3iqtA5 wMsJ5 vtmJ5 such meeting.” The members “entitled to vote” are those ben- kwbi4f5 iDx3tbsi4f¬8î5 x7ml iDxD8N[c3tbs5ht4 eficiaries who are of the age of majority (at least 18 years old) Öà5gu vtmi3u. wMsJw5 >iDxD8N[c3tbsJ5> Ö4fxaK5 and on the “active beneficiaries list” (as opposed to those who wMsJw5 srsq5 ˆ7myym5ht4 G!*–i4 szÌk9¬î5H are on the list of beneficiaries living outside the territory for 10 x7ml woz5ht4 >xg3gi wMsJw5 xtdtq8i> or more continuous years). GwMsA8Nq5©t9lQ5 wMsJw5 xtdtq5 kN[s2 yMÌi Every beneficiary present at an AGM (even spectators) there- kNym[cymo3ht4 !)–i4 x3ÇAi4 szÌk9lH. fore has the right to vote, as long as they are at least 18 years

xgi5 wMsJw5 vtmJî5g5 vtmi7mE7u Gbf8NEx3ymJZã5H old and on the “active beneficiaries list”. In addition, beneficiaries magazine

eu3Dxq5 Öà7m5 iDxD8N[c3g5, srsq5 !*–a5nMsDt4 x7ml may vote by proxy. No member may hold more than 10 proxies. wozlt4 >xg3gi wMsJ5 xtq5b x9Mbsm[q8i>. The affairs of the Corporation are managed by a board of 21 mr[4f5 x7ml5bs6 wMsJw5 iDx3tbsA8N[c§a7uJ5. wMsJu4 directors, consisting of a representative elected by each Inuit MAKIVIK 8 9 Wd/oEi3u4 cspQx9MDᑏ5 Legal Tips

tAux3bscD8Nq5g6 !) sz̪3gi4 iDx3tyAti4. community and five directors elected through general elections. mr{[s2 WNhxZq5 vmQ/sic§aK5 @!–k5 vtmpk5, It is noteworthy that the board of directors is the body with r=Zg3tq5 iDx3bsmt9lQ5 xgi5 wkw5 kNoq8k5 x7ml the decision-making power for the corporation. AGM decisions are b9omi4 S3gi3nc3ht4 wkoµk5 iDx3bsic§i4. not binding on the Corporation, subject to two exceptions: cer- scsyE/sQxcEK6 Ì4fx vtmº5 tusÔ7mb grÌEA8Ni3u4 tain by-law changes must be ratified by the AGM and the board krc3ht4 mr{[u4 WA5plt4. vtmi7mE7u grÌ3bsJ5 itself can decide that its decisions are subject to ratification by wtZ3tyA8Nq5g5 mr{[u4, ryxi m3Îi4 W5JtcDt4 mfiz: the AGM. wMq5 Wd÷ᐲ5 xy5pbsQxcoDt4 xq7mE5bsicExø5 Although the board of directors holds the primary decision- vtmi7mE7j5 x7ml vtmº5 grÌEA8Nht4 grÌ3bq5 making power for the corporation, the members elect the board iDx3tyAt5nsm¯b vtmi7mE7u. of directors to represent vtmº5 mr{[f5 W9lQ5 their views. If the members grÌEA8Ni3u4 krc9ME8iXsZlx3ht4, are unhappy with a direc- wMsJw5 iDx§aK5 vtmp5nui4 tor’s performance, they r=Zg3tsix3tlQ5 bf8ˆbq8i4. wMsJw5 may remove the communi- xoxQ/c1qXb vtmps2 Wix3iq8i4, ty director or the executive ᐲ3yA8Ng5 kNø5 r=Zg3tzi4 s{?¬8î5 director prior to the end of S3gi3nk5 iDx3bsmctsJu4 Ì5hm vt- the director’s term. mps2 xb[QQxoz whoMs3tNA. T h e p r o c e d u r e s t o x©t/sQxø5 ᐲ3yi3j5 kNø5 remove a community direc- r=Zg3tzi4 WQx3ic§aK5 x9MymJ3tA5 tor begin with a written xb8isDti4 xtos3bsymJi4 wMsJw5 request signed by at least !)¶-q8k5 wozcbsJk5 r=Zg3ts2 ten percent of the mem- kNodtzk5 x7ml iDxD8N[c3gk5. bers who are affiliated with Ì4fx ᐲ3bsdpAᑏ5 xs9MtbsJ5nsK5 the director’s community mr{[s2 x9Mt7mEzk5 gÇ3tlQ5 Ì8N and entitled to vote. The topicExcoC/3m5 iDx3icdpli request should be sent to kNo7u Nlâ3yAtsix3gu4 Ì8N the Makivik corporate sec- r=Zg3tsJ6 ᐲ3bsJ5nsm¯5. iDxDᑏ5 retary who must then order §3l Wzhwoztbs2Xb m3DlxE/q5 that a vote be held in the G@F#H ᐲ3ydp2Xb r=Zg3tu4 x7ml #)¶-q5 iDxD8Ngw5 community to determine whether the director should be removed. wMsJw5 iDx3g[is2Xb, Ì•N r=Zg3tsJ6 ᐲ3bsQx- If at least 2/3 of the votes cast are in favour of the director’s cy§6. removal and if more than 30 percent of the entitled members vot- S3gi3ã5 vtmpq5 Öm5ãNZMsJ6 wiui5 ᐲ3tbsA8NuJ5. ed, the director is automatically removed. #) xÌîqgi4 wMsJi4 iDxD8Ngi4 xtos3gc3X5 Executive directors may be similarly removed from office. If ᐲ3ydplt4 x7ml Ì4fN1z5 !) szÌk3gi4 wMsJi4 at least 30 members entitled to vote sign a request for remov- b{?z5ãN6 kNo7u5 WymJcExcCi, mr{[s2 x9Mt7mEz5 al and if no more than 10 of these members are affiliated to the topicExo4 iDx3icExc3iêli Nlâ3yAt5nj5 Ì8N same community, the Corporate Secretary must order that a vote S3gi3nk5 vtmpscbsJ6 ᐲ3bsJ5nsm¯5. S3gi3ã5 vt- be held to determine whether the executive director should be mpzi4 ᐲ3bsJc3ixS6 iDxDᑏ5 §3l Wzhwoztbs2Xb removed. The executive director will be removed if at least 2/3 m3DlxE/q5 G@F#H ᐲ3ydpgx3Xb S3gi3nu4. of the votes cast are in favor of the director’s removal. mr{[4 tusJdtQ?5ys4 x7ml WJ8Nstc3hy Makivik Corporation is your company and it is your right wMscbsA8Ni3u4, gnsmtbsQxc3iu4 x7ml w2WQ/cExc3iu4 to be involved, informed and ensured that Makivik meets its mr{[4 yKi5nui4 vJyt5yyxClx3m¯5. objectives.

b7mymJw/Dᑏ5 Correction kN[s2 gnC5ndtq8i x9MbsmMsJJ5 Ö/sAtc3ht4 >xi3Cã5 xrglx1qg5> In our Nunavik Note entitled “Affordable Housing m2WC6 ^!-ü5g5 sW3znuFsW3¯u @))#-at9lA eu3DxoxEMsJ/5ti, Program” on page 61 of our Spring 2003 magazine, we w˜is1qg6 b7mhb Ì5huz WNhx3bsc7uso3uJu xsMbsiê8iC5b vt[4 mistakenly mentioned that this new program is managed kNooµ5 v?m4fq8k5. Ö4fx vt[4 kNooµ5 v?m4fq5 wMscbsymZlx3ht4 by KRG. Actually, KRG participated into the negotia- WNhx3bsJ5ã5 xqctŒZhxDtst9lQ5, xsMbc5/q5g5 Ì4fx WNhx3bsJ5 tions of the program, but the program is managed by

xsMbs7mb vt[4 kNo8i w9loEi3j5 WA5pp4fk5. Nf3üXK5 [gE4 the Kativik Municipal Housing Bureau (KMHB). Thanks magazine

eu3Dxq5 v8î vt[4 kNooµ5 v?m4fq8i WNh5tsJ6 cspt5ypQMsC5tA to Frédéric Gagné of KRG for bringing this error to our b7mymJos3g[isQx5b. attention. mr[4f5 MAKIVIK

8 9 mJCcbsJ5nu4 r1åmQ/sJcoEK6 xs9MymMs3ymic˜3gu4 wªy3ui

mr{[f5, WNhxctc3ht4 xg¿us5 « hj5 bmgjz wMscbsAmZ/3W5V wo8ix[3Jxzi4, eioEK5 WAN9ME5yxu4 « hNî4 N7ui6 Wsyc§a[5 ˆ7mˆ3ym5yxD8Ngi4 x3Nu4 xatu9¬î5 kN[7us/u4 wMscbsAµ3gu4 bmgjz Wix3bsZhx3gj5V cspn3tk5 bEs2 xrxi c3çÔxÇl7u, Mount Everest–u4 Ö/sJu mJCcbsZ/3gu4, !*,)))–i4 « hNî4 wªy3i ñ1zyym[5 yKixA5, x7ml wtZ8i4 bEs3Jxu5 d7j5 szy8io7u. Ì8N cª6 bm4fiz ñ1zo3bt8i4 vmQ/c3ym[5V c3cJxÇl4 kN3Jxoµu c3coµi5 S3gi3XsJ6. wMscbsA8NC/3g6 WQs3ntbsicExc3S6 wMscbsZhx3g5 mfizl wMscbst5y- x3ÇAoµu X3NX9oxAtQlA tuuA5 whmuA9l J5nsuJ5: mJC3is˜3gj5. x3ÇAoµu WQs3nicᕇgxDi, « Wzhk5 wk8k5 nS7u/sAtq8i4 wMscbsZhx3g5 WytsostQxc3ixg5 sc3ymt9lQ5 W[cDNs5yxEx3W5 bmgjz N9oÏEAtsix3gu4 ñMc3ixgu4 Wh8ic3lt4 Wix3bsZhx3gj5. $@–i4 rMübi4, xaᑏ5 N7mt9lQ5 %)–i4 sdà8io8i4 x7ml x3â5 N7mut9lQ5 #) « x9MbsymJi4 ᐋ8ixys3tj5 sc3gi4 tu4f5 sdà8io8i4. ckwqyxEx3W5 wMscbsA[5 WQs3ntbsi3j5. wMscbsAmJw5 ß7mt3lExc1qg5, S?4f5 Ì8N mJC3is˜3g6 b3eoµ3gC/3gnsK6, ᐋ8ixc3lt9¬î5, wWix§alt9¬î5, xs9M[Exzlt4 xg¿u5 µ5p !&, @))%–u. xsc5yxq5©lt9¬î5, N=AxoE§aA8âlt9l, Mount Everest c3cJxÇl7u b7µt3[sm§gc3j5 rAtq9l xsisA8âlt4, x7ml whm4f5 Wh8i6 whmQ/symJ6 yK9oXsAbsix3tlA ckwqyxExc3ht4. gÇZE/six3tlA yM3Jxoµu S3gi3Ùj5 c3cJxǬ2 wl8Nt4 wkw5 wMscbsJ5 èuy Ñ x7ml çzªCb˜Exu4. mJCytsQxg1qg5 c3cJxÇl7u fÑ4 b3Czb xqctŒ8izk5 c5ygw8Ni4 srsø5 b7µt3[sm§j5 ÉZhx3gcoDi, ryxi Ì8N wMscbsZhxD8Ng5 bmgjz Wix3bsZhx3gj5. trstNh5hA mJ3cD3Xox§aJ6. wMscbsAmsᑏ5 W/sQxø5 mr{[f8k5 ᑏy7WE xsMAt5nq8kl, yi5bst5nq8kl !, @))#-aMs3tNA. iEZ5nq8kl ®Ns/3©tsix3g5 mJC3iËozJ5 Wbc3tbsix3g5. xs9MtlQ5 x9Mbt5 xyq9l grymst- bmgm gzozî8ico3X5 ñMc3ymJ6 sQxø5 sKz gÇ3tlQ5: mJCEx3gA8Ny˜3g6 c3cJxÇl8i4 Bolivia-ul Argentina-ul, x7ml WzJQo3bzîoDt4 Mount CHALLENGE OF A LIFETIME Everest c3cJxÇlzb çzªChctsZ/3g6. c/o Makivik Magazine wMscbsZhxDmJ5 bm5hjz wªy3u P.O. Box 179 W[5nMEsix3gj5 xyui4 WZhxctcD8NyxExo4 Kuujjuaq, QC J0M 1C0 hÍDy/3tsq4fil Wsi3nshi. mipQxø5 cEbs/4f5:: [email protected] wMscbsAmi3ub x9Mymstq8i4 y?iz: (819) 964-2925, ext. 303 or 304 rsQxcc5bMz7mb mfiz xWEstsJ3i4: kN[7usk5: 1-877-625-4845, ext. 303 or 304 magazine eu3Dxq5 mr[4f5 MAKIVIK

10 11 Trekker Wanted for the Trip of a Lifetime SAMMY KUDLUK

Makivik Corporation, in association with the • What personal characteristics do you have University of , is searching for the right female that make you suitable for this challenge? or male candidate from Nunavik to participate in a research expedition to the base camp of Mount • What life challenges have you faced before, Everest, about 18,000 feet above sea level. Mount and how have you dealt with these challeng- Everest is the world’s highest mountain. es?

Interested persons will be provided with a one-year Candidates should also provide the following: training plan to prepare both physically and mentally • Three references of people who will declare for the trek. After a year of training, participants will that you are a suitable candidate for this chal- be required to compete to select a winner by hiking lenge. the distance of a marathon (42 kilometres.), with men carrying 50 pounds and women carrying 30 pounds • A letter from a physician stating that you on their backs. are in excellent health to participate in this training. Candidates must be free of heart dis- The trek itself will require at least a month of your ease, lung cancer, asthma, diabetes, serious time, departing from Ottawa on March 17th, 2005. arthritis, dental cavities, and mental health problems. This trek to the Mount Everest base camp is con- sidered as the first phase with the goal of reaching All Inuit beneficiaries of the James Bay and the top of the highest mountain in the world. No climb- Northern Quebec Agreement of all ages are invit- ing skills are needed to make it to base camp, but the ed to participate in this challenge. hike gets progressively steeper. Entries must be received by Makivik Corporation Necessary travel, lodging, and food costs associ- by no later than December 1st, 2003. ated with the expedition will be provided.

The second phase will have the winning candi- Send your letter and other necessary informa- date climb mountains in Bolivia and Argentina, and tion to: the third phase would be to reach the summit of Mount Everest. CHALLENGE OF A LIFETIME c/o Makivik Magazine Interested candidates for this chance of a lifetime P.O. Box 179 must be a team player and preferably a non-smoker. Kuujjuaq, QC J0M 1C0 Submit your letter of intention with your answers to Email: [email protected] the following questions: Tel: (819) 964-2925, ext. 303 or 304 From Nunavik: 1-877-625-4845, ext. 303 • Why do you want to take part in this challenge? or 304 magazine eu3Dxq5 mr[4f5 MAKIVIK

10 11 mr{[f5 si4Ïos3ytst5yiz5 Makivik Writing Contest Concours littéraire de Makivik

mr{[f5 si4Ïos3ytst5yicoEK5 ñMos2 xs9M[QAm/q5. N9osi3ysDtQ5hA @%–i4 x3ÇA3gDtQo3bui4 si4ÏoxE/sA8Ng5 srsø5 wà5gi4 « mr{[s2 WA5pymiz kN[7usi4 !&–i4 xbi9l srsø5 « mr{[s2 woziE§z5 kNo5tk5 !*–i4 szÌk9l srsø5 « mr{[4 ck6 bf8ˆbsAyc3m¯5 g1z[8i4 n{?boÛ5ã5 tAux3tk5 !* xÌi srso8k5 yK9oÙ6: xbsy3u4 cEbs/4u4 N5nvÌaA8Ngu4 ckwozix3iq8k5 x9MbsmJ5 Macintosh–a5hi4 x9MbsJ5 si4ÏaA8Ng5, âˆ3ymlt9¬î5 s{?¬8î5 gzox: xbsy36 x5posDt gros3ymtbsic3lt4. WzJx5: xbs¥5 x9MAᑏ5 x9MbsmA8Ng5 wk5t©3lt4, s{?¬8î5 c9lˆt©3lt4 srso8k5 !* szÌk5 swAwt©3lt9¬î5. yK9oÙ6: xbsy6 cEbs/6 âˆ3ymtbsJw9¬î5 si4Ïbs9ME5gw¬8î5 scsy3bq5 gzozl WzJzl: m3Î4 cz5bst5ñ4 stDtbq9l sk3icExø5 ^))–u5 ())–j5. wkw5 cz5bÔq5b É[Q§q8k5 s{?¬8î5 m3Î4 cz5bsᑏ4 gros3bsymlt4 x9Mbsmc5bix3g5 ckw9lxggw8Nu4 Ó+5 wx4f5 cz5bÔzA5 ƒ4Jxu5 m8gpxj5 mo9lQ5 bric3tbsA8Ng5.

Makivik Corporation is holding a writing contest to POSSIBLE TOPICS commemorate its 25th Anniversary. • Makivik Corporation’s service to Nunavik • The affiliation between Makivik Corporation and my home AGE CATEGORIES community Ages 18 and under • Makivik Corporation from a beneficiary’s point of view Ages 18 and over PRIZES FORMAT Ages under 18 Entries can be submitted as an essay, a short story, or a poem. 1st Prize: 1 Laptop Computer Entries may be written in Inuttitut, English or French. 2nd Prize: 1 Camera Short stories or essays should be from 600 to 900 words. 3rd Prize: 1 Writing Set The length of a poem is left up to the author. Ages over 18 1st Prize: 1 Laptop Computer 2nd and 3rd Prizes: One set of return tickets for two to any- where Air Inuit flies or one set of First Air return tickets for two between Montreal and Kuujjuaq, depending upon the win- ner’s point of departure.

La Société Makivik tient un concours littéraire pour SUJETS POSSIBLES commémorer son 25ième anniversaire. • La Société Makivik au service du Nunavik • La relation entre la Société Makivik et ma communauté CATÉGORIES D’ÂGE • La Société Makivik du point de vue d’un bénéficiare 18 ans et moins 18 ans et plus FORMAT PRIX Les textes peuvent être soumis sous forme d’essai, de nou- 18 ans et moins velle ou d’un poème. 1er prix : 1 ordinateur portable Macintosh iBook Les textes peuvent être écrits en Inuttitut, en Anglais ou en 2ième prix : 1 appareil photo Français. 3ième prix : 1 ensemble de papeterie Les essais et nouvelles devraient contenir entre 600 et 900 18 ans et plus mots. 1er prix : 1 ordinateur La longueur des poèmes reste au choix de l’auteur. ième ième

2 et 3 prix : Une paire de billets d’avion aller-retour pour magazine

eu3Dxq5 toute destination desservie par Air Inuit ou sur First Air entre Kuujjuaq et Montréal, dépendamment du point de départ du mr[4f5 gagnant. MAKIVIK 12 13 mr{[f5 si4Ïos3ytst5yiz5 Makivik Writing Contest Concours littéraire de Makivik

WJ8NycbsAmix3gk5 xs9MtlQ5 sKz yMt5nj5: bmgjz wMsJ5 wMsÔQxø5 mr{[j5. MAKIVIK WRITING CONTEST yKixA9l s9lul WNh5tQ/sJw5 mr{[j5 tuxDdtq8k¬8î5 c/o Makivik Magazine wMscbsA8Nq5g5. P.O. BOX 179 x9Mgw5 whmu8ixg5 xyxi4 xtc3ty1axDmAt4 Kuujjuaq, Quebec J0M 1C0 si4Ïoxui4 xt9ME7ui4 cspm/sdp1qgxDt4. s?¬8î5 sKz: MAKIVIK WRITING CONTEST who{[z wMscbsAmix3gk5 c/o Lisa Koperqualuk si4ÏbsJ5 gi/symQxø5 ß5gWE #, @))# yKizi. 1111 Dr, Frederik Philips Blvd., 3rd Floor St-Laurent, QC H4M 2X6 s{?¬8î5: cEbs/4f5 sKz: [email protected] x9MymQxø5 xt5, yMtt9l, sçMst2W5 ry5yAtq5. ñMø5 rN4ƒiq5 kwbtbs˜3g5 ra9ou mr{[s2 eu3Dxq8i.

SEND ENTRIES TO: MAKIVIK WRITING CONTEST c/o Makivik Magazine P.O. BOX 179 Kuujjuaq, QC

SAMMY KUDLUK J0M 1C0 TO QUALIFY OR A contestant must be a beneficiary of Makivik Corporation. MAKIVIK WRITING CONTEST Former and current employees of Makivik Corporation or its c/o Lisa Koperqualuk subsidiaries are not eligible. 1111 Dr, Frederik Philips Blvd., 3rd Floor Writers are at liberty to use a pen name if he or she wishes St-Laurent, QC to keep their identity anonymous. H4M 2X6 OR DEADLINE FOR ENTRIES Email to: [email protected] All entries must be received by no later than October 3rd, Include your name, address, and telephone number. 2003. Winning entries will be published in the Makivik Magazine.

CONDITIONS D’ADMISSION ENVOYER À : Tout(e) concurrent(e) doit être un(e) bénéficiaire de la CONCOURS LITTÉRAIRE DE MAKIVIK Société Makivik a/s Makivik Magazine Les employés, actuels et antérieurs, de la Société Makivik C.P 179 ou de ses filiales ne sont pas éligibles. Kuujjuaq (QC) J0M 1C0 L’auteur(e) peut utiliser un nom de plume si il ou elle désire OU garder l’anonymat. CONCOURS LITTÉRAIRE DE MAKIVIK a/s Lisa Koperqualuk DATE LIMITE DE REMISE 1111, Dr. Frederik Philips Blvd., 3iéme étage Tous les textes doivent être reçus au plus tard le 3 octobre St-Laurent (QC) H4M 2X6 2003. OU par courriel à : [email protected] Inclure votre nom, adresse et numéro de téléphone.

Les textes gagnants seront publiés dans Makivik Magazine. magazine eu3Dxq5 mr[4f5 MAKIVIK

12 13 ᐋbu xMf Adamie Alaku xzJçmEs2 gzoz mr2XoxZhx3ik5 WA5p[7u Vice-President for Economic Development

kN[7us5 wkw5 W?9oxicq8Nlfxl5g5 Nf3mb Fortunately for the Inuit of Nunavik, we continue to progress xJw8NChx3yᑏ5 wkw5 wMscbsc5bymJ5 Ömzi5 thanks to some very dedicated people who have been involved s9lcMs3ymt9lQ5 fÑ4 b3Czi wkw5 vg5pctŒ8iz since the days of the Northern Quebec Inuit Association. Their kwbt9lA. Ì4fx xJw8âN3ym7mb s9lu vJyt5yAtQA8NXo3bK5 enduring efforts have made way for our current activities to be hNgw8Ni4 wozic3gi4 wl3Dy5tk5 implemented with conditions adhering Wsygc5tk9l. i9oDtc3Sz yKixA5 to our culture and traditions. I com- yKo3tsc5bymJi4 wªA8âymo3gi4. mend our past leaders who have since Ì4fxo WNhx7mE5ym7mb wobE/ deceased. They worked so hard for st5yZhx3ht4 wkw5 WJ8Nstq8il the recognition of Inuit rights and wl3Dyzi9l. i9oDtcEKz5bs6 wk8i4 culture. I also compliment the people xuh7mExl8i4 s8kxu WÛMec5bymJi4 who have endured many long nights Ü?9MAy3il WNhx7mE5ht4 hNc5yxq5©ht4 and hours with very little resourc- xsM5yAt5nui9l ®Ns/c5yxq5©ht4, es and money to operate, who have Ömzi5 WNhA8âymo3gi4 xyxk9¬î5 since retired or moved on to other WJ5ns÷Dtuk5 ªymo3gi4. interests. xuh7mᕇ5 wk©ˆ3tg5 nWo3yᕇ3©AtQym/ The perseverance and dedica- q5 yKicDtQym/q9l Nf3gmEsK5, tion of many individuals is much kN[s2 wkq5 xqctcD8NyMsJ7mb fÑ4 appreciated, as the Inuit of Nunavik v?mzi4 ÉEo (, @))@–u vJyt5ygxCu4 were able to come to terms with Ì4fiz nN3Dt4 xqctŒAtq8i4. Ì4fx xqctŒAᑏ5 the Government of Quebec on April 9th, 2002 in the form of the xg3bsix3g5 WD3ãAtslt4 ®Ns/tA5 mr2XoxZhx3iu4 Sanarrutik Partnership Agreement. This Agreement will be used to kN[7u, WNhxctQ/st9lQ5 xyq5 wkw5 WNhZc3[dtq5 foster economic development within Nunavik, in partnership with tudtq9l, Ì4fNi @)–sMzJi4 x3ÇAi4. other Inuit entities and organizations, for the next two decades. kN[4 W?9oxZsZ5nt9lA, WJEstc3SA5 s[4vdt5ti4 As Nunavik progresses, we are fortunate that our youth are wªy5ti4 wMscbs?9oxg7mEso3mb sluso3g6. Ì4fx increasingly a life force to be reckoned with. With their determi- xJw8NiqtA5 v5hô8iqA9l xuhi9l WJ8Nic5yx§ao3ht9l, nation, audacity, and numerous talents, the new generation will Ì4fx kÌ5 wªyco3g5 W9MEsic3ixg5 wl3Dy5tk5 prove to be a major asset to our culture and society. In order for wªy5tk9l. s[4Ü5 WJ8Nyx3iuk5 trstQxcMzgx3Xb, the youth to reach their full potential, we must show our confi- bf8ˆtQxoK5 Ì4fx s2WE5yxicEx5ti4. wl8ˆA5 krK5 dence in them. Our overall strength lies with our people, especially wkdt5ti7m5, Wlx3gu4 s[4vdt5tî7m5, Ì4fx wkoµi4 with our youth, since they currently represent 65% of our popu- sk3iq5 S3gic3mb ^%¶-i4. lation. wkgcdtK5 hv5gmE7u4 ka2XoxJ5, x7ml wl3Dy5b Our elder population is rapidly depleting and we are increas- wMq8i4 xysp?9oxhb. iEsQ/c3Szo s?A5, kN[s2 ingly losing parts of our culture. It is my hope that we, as current tudtq8k5 yKo3y§aJA5, WNhxctŒ8ixExu4 W?9oxt5ylb leaders of Nunavik organizations, can collaboratively develop xysp?9oxA8âEx3ÔuAt5ni4 xsM5yi3nsA8Nixd9lb measures to slow down this process of decline to a more con- wªy5ti4. trollable state. kN[7us5 wkw5 WNhxctŒq8NExc3S5 wMŒ5gtg5 The Inuit of Nunavik must continue to work together as a big W?9oxq8âNDt5nq8i4 bµi xy5pX9oxq8Noµ3gu yM3Jxu. family to continue to prosper in this ever-changing world. We must tAyq8Nc5bExc3SA5 ®Ns/tA5 mr2XoxZhxDt5nK8i4 continually adopt ways to improve our economic destiny — keep- w3csà8Nlb Wsygc3tA5 mrbChxD¥5 W7mEsicq8Nmb, ing in mind that the traditional economy is still very important, in wMQ/st9lQ5 s9lu is3Dtc3if5 mrbZhxDts§ao3g5. addition to the modern market economy. r=Zg3lQ5 kN[s2 wkq5, sWAh2Sz Nf3ühzl On behalf of the Inuit of Nunavik, I congratulate and thank rNgw8Noµ5yxu4 s9luib3il yK9oib3il gi3Dtcc5bymJi4 every person — past or present — who has contributed in any ckgw8N6 mr{[f5 kwbst9lQ5, x7ml wªo3[ys5yxE5 way to the establishment of our great Corporation, and... happy mr{ᕖ4¡ birthday Makivik! magazine eu3Dxq5 mr[4f5 MAKIVIK

14 15 kN[7u nNá5 WNh5ymo3bq5 Nunavik Creations Review

Wlx3gu4 WJEstc3SA5 mr{[f8k5 kÌai3Xshb We are especially proud to be Makivik Corporation’s newest tuxDdtQ/so3uZ5b, sWQ/c3hbl xsM5ycbsQxu4 wq3Ccbs5hb subsidiary company, and are honoured to operate alongside oth- xyk5 wk8k5 N7uiE/sJk5 b3Cu WNhZc3[dtc3uJk5 er Inuit-owned northern businesses that have shown dedication bf5nst5yymJi4 xJw8NspQxu4 yKicExu9l wkw5 and commitment to Inuit ingenuity and leadership over the past WNhxD8NME8izk5 yKo3yA8Nizk9l @%–i4 x3ÇAMs3gi4 25 years since Makivik was formed. mr{[f5 kwbso3imbi5. Nunavik Creations kN[7u nNá5 xgw8ND3tic7mEMs3S5 ƒ4Jxj5 geared up for the tour- is3Dc5bixo3uJk5 is[c5blt4 is[x5ni4 kÌi9l x5pŒqgi4 ist season in Kuujjuaq is[x5nÌ3hb u3h[5ti nN/[i3i4. kw5yymo3gA5 ey/i4 by busily purchasing xrtv9Mi4, WNh5ᑏ5 y4rÌWcst5n/q8i4, g5gw5 N5Jq8i4 products as well as mak- w5y?sbv9Mi4 eyc3ht4 x7ml ey8i4 xr8Nusb3i4. bm4fx ing new and different W5Jtc3tbsJ5 is3DymJ5 mò5ᑏl is[D8Nixd9lQ5 urÔi3ni4 products in our sewing bf¿5ni4 xq3CstZ5nui4 wMuk5. w2WQ/c3ymJA5, Öm5ãN6 centres. We introduced is[3ix[s§a7uJtg5, uri3ni4 xrr8ini4 is[x5nt8i4 sealskin throw pillows,

kwbt5yQxc§a7uZ5b is[3ix[5ti. u3hᑏ5 ƒ4Jxu vt8icMsJK5 BOB MESHER business card holders, àul Ôiul WNh5gmEsc5bMs3gA5 u3hᕖ5 bm4fx u3hᑏ5 scctŒAtcEx3ght4 x5pŒ1qgi4 caribou antler and seal- u3hC5ã5 wo5tymAtq8i4 x7ml wo8ixEx3ymMsJ7mb ƒ4Jxj5. Ì4fx bf8ˆtbsicMsJ7uJ5 u3hC5ns?5gi4 skin stools and sealskin eg7mãpj5 bix9 ouo8j5 kN[7u u3di4 eg7mã[7u, Seamstresses met in Kuujjuaq to wall hangings. The pur- discuss various patterns and sewing pose of this is to allow materials. tourists and hunters the opportunity to purchase smaller mementos to bring home to their families. We realize, as with any retail outlet, that it is necessary to keep smaller, less expensive items stocked in the store. May and June were busy months for the sewing centres as all the seamstresses attended a sewing workshop in Kuujjuaq. They were also treated to a demonstration from tanning expert Daniel Lemelin at the Nunavik Furs tannery, on how to block and stretch sealskins. This procedure gives a more uniform look to the sealskin, as well as helping to soften them. Skins that have been blocked and stretched produce a better-quality finished gar- wµ4 x7uEi6 xu3i4 byt5yyxD8NX2S6 byA8N[oµqA5 ment. The centres also completed a large order for sealskin vests Xi5yxN3gmEs5hil xu3k5. BOB MESHER This way of preparing a pelt allows it to be stretched to maximum size for the Air Inuit board of and the air circulates around it very well while drying. directors as well as an order for uniforms for Air ck6 e¥5 byn3bs§a7m¯b. Ì8N eyoEst ey7u4 Inuit ticket agents. WsÔt5yi3ns§6 eg7mExr9øAts5hil. e¥5 byt3bsmgxCu4 After the sum - Wsi3nu4 x8kÇosDtsA8Ng6 eyxl/3bo7u4. u3hᕖ5 W/ᕇ3c mer vacation, Nunavik uMs3uJ5 xuh7mE8i4 ey/i4 xf3DxosD5pht4 wkw5 Creations also intro- cz5bÔq5b vtmpq8i4 xgC5ni4 bm4fkzl wkw5 duced a line of T-shirts AUSTIN GREENE cz5bÔoEpq8k5. x3â5 mr{[f5 WNh5tdtq5 and hats with the Nunavik sW3¯u ev3Nᕇgx3X5, kN[7u nNá5 kw5yAµ3ixEK5 x5poxaJ5 xg3ht4 kN[7u nNá4f5 Creations logo and art- s[iD3i4 Év9Mo8i4 Nn3il kN[7u nNá5 b3nzi4 sov5bq8i4 work from Sammy Kudluk. Ladies from among the Makivik staff n{[usbo8i4 x9Max3b[iq8il ñu v9Ms2. xuh[5hb pose wearing Nunavik Creations coats. We have been frequently xWE/sc5bymo3gA5 is[3ixEx3ymJk5 s[iDc3m¯5b xyq8il asked by customers to is[x5nZM8i4 wMQ/st9lQ5 X3dèFNXÖ5 nN/sm9lf3tbK5 have T-shirts and other paraphernalia in stock similar to our dec- is[3bsmEc5buJ5. orative candles, which are a huge seller.

srx5nso3X5 WNhx3bsmE1ah5go4 cz5bÔ3ti4 x8kÇos3lt4 Upcoming major projects for in the fall include the possibility magazine

eu3Dxq5 wkw5 cz5bÔq5b cz5bÔ3tq8ªg5ni4. µ8Nsizi, u3hᕖ5 of making flight suits for the Air Inuit pilots. Meanwhile, the sew- WNhx7mEc5bMzq8Ng5 nNlt4 wk©ˆ3tg5 trn3ym/q8i4 ing centres will also be busy filling in individual orders for parkas, mr[4f5 xtQ8i4, xmsti9l yMÙi9l. amautiks and silapaqs. MAKIVIK 14 15 klx3tbsJ5 Caught in the Trawl

@%-i4 x3ÇAi4 mr{[4 wcl8ixi3u4 25 Years of Makivik WNhxo3g6 Commercial Fishing

raj5 bfQxC5b x3ÇAw5 @% xiÅ3©÷Cb1qg5 Looking back, it does not seem like 25 years WNhxcts?o3tlb b3Cusk5 ra3Mix3iu4 that we have been involved in the northern – Wlx3gu4 WNhxcts7mE2Xgk5 bmguz shrimp fishery — especially for those who have WQx1zizii5. worked on it consistently since the beginning. bm8N WQx3tbsMs3ymJ6 Ö5hmi x©tJ5 The original development of the fishery was mo5hQ5. ix9 fê4 xsM5yp7mEs5hi initiated through a combination of circumstanc- wkw5 vgt5pctŒ8izk5 fÑ2 b3Czi es that, at the time, seemed very natural. Neil

mr2XoxZhx3iu4 WNhxd/so3tlA kN5ti SAMMY KUDLUK Greig, as executive director of the Northern t4ro4 vä+ trMs3ymJ6 xfr5gu5 fê4 Quebec Inuit Association (NQIA) had been [+ƒ4 xqctŒZhx3tsMs3ymÔ4 wkw5 vg5pctŒ8izk5 fÑ4 requested to increase the economic development opportunities b3Czi xuhwi4 WNhxD8Nc5bym7umi4. for the region, Tikile Kleist had arrived from , and Greg ix9 cspmMs3ymJ6 wcl8ixi3u kN5ti vNbs9l Fisk, who had worked for the NQIA as a negotiator, was also avail- srs3bgzi x7ml t4ro4 cspm7ut9lA wcl8ixi3u4 able to work on many issues. xfr5gu. Öhmist9lA fê4 wcl8ixi3u4 cspm9lxq4vlx3hi Neil had knowledge of commercial fishing in the region and cspn3iu xsM5ypsi3ul WA8NiQ4 xg3ic7mE5ymÔ4. in eastern Canada and Tikile had some knowledge of the fishery !(&&-at9lA WQx3XoxoMs3ymJ5 yM3Jxu vt1zps[sJtA5 in Greenland. While Greg had had little exposure to the fishing b3Cu wcl8ixi3u4 wm3WoEp4ftA9l WQx3Xoxizi9l industry, his expertise in researching and management were invaluable assets. Development in 1977 was through accessing data from the International Commission for the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries N5y6 ®Ns/os3ᑏ5 tudtz5 (ICNAF), and the Department of Fisheries and Oceans (DFO) and N5y6 ®Ns/os3ᑏ5 tudtz5 yKjx3tyAmJ5 the beginning of representations to the Ministry of Fisheries in W5yxdpi3ui4 mr{[f8i4 @%–i4 x3ÇA3go3izk5. N5y6 Ottawa. We had discovered that Greenland and other European vg5÷a5hi tu1atbsymJ6 kNÓ5us5 er3Ìl4 tudtzk9l countries were fishing for shrimp and turbot in the Davis Strait and mr{[f8kl kwbsym5hi N5yix3tsix3tlA. x3ÇAi ybmi had been doing this for a number of years. This was also happen- xiA3gi, N5yf5 is[c5bymo3g5 xuhZM8i4 sdà8imE8i4 ing at a time when the Law of the Sea was being implemented and Swº5 s3hq8i4 wkw5 mò5tq8i5 is3DyZ5nst9lQ5 Canada was exercising its jurisdiction to the 200-mile limit. ãi¥5 kNzk5. N5¥5 s3hq5 s3hxDyq5 S3gJ7mEsK5 Amongst their many responsibilities, Neil, Tikile, and Greg r1åmQ/s7mE§a5ht9l were able to determine that there was indeed a shrimp resource ckwqyxDtsA8Nifq8k5. in the Canadian side of the 200-mile limit in Davis Strait. bm8N s3hu4 is[3is?5g6 Shrimp licenses were being issued to Canadian companies in mò5tk5 ®Ns/os3[Q/s§ao3g6 Newfoundland and Nova Scotia and one from Quebec, but none wvJ3yAts§i4 mò8if5 ®Ns/ from the North. 3gDtq8k5. By 1978, Makivik Corporation had committed to an exten- sive development program in order to access the shrimp and

Natsiq Investments Corporation SAMMY KUDLUK develop a presence in the industry. In 1979, a consulting firm Natsiq Investments Corporation would like to extend sin- in Nova Scotia was retained to develop options for Makivik cere wishes to Makivik on its 25th anniversary. Natsiq is a Corporation and to determine to what extent we could become joint-venture between the Qikiqtaaluk Corporation of Nunavut involved in the industry. One of the most important aspects and Makivik Corporation and was created to harvest ringed requested by Makivik’s board of directors was the need for Inuit seals. Over the past four years, Natsiq has purchased sever- employment in the vessel operations. As a result of the study, it al tons of seal blubber from Inuit hunters to process for Asian was determined that we would participate in the fishery. Areas in markets. Ringed seal oil is high in Omega-3 fatty acids which Ungava Bay and Hudson Strait did not have any commercial activ-

are very much in demand for its health value. This purchase ity. We chartered a small 115-foot vessel, the MV Thorsbugvin, magazine

eu3Dxq5 of blubber gives hunters a source of revenue to help pay for from the Faeroe Islands to try and harvest shrimp in Ungava Bay. hunting expenses. This proved to be an extremely successful fishery to the point mr[4f5 where the vessel was unable to process what it was catching. MAKIVIK 16 17 Caught in the Trawl

?DÏ8 sWA§5pKA5 mr{[s2 tudtzi4 @%–i4 x3ÇA3go3izk5. ?DÏ8f5 vg5pctc3ht4 WNhxctQ/symo3g5, wcl8ixht4 sux3Jx6 lµ3u4 x5yCsto4 FILE PHOTO The MV Lumaaq mr{[f5 b3Cü5gi4 ra3MD8Nbq8i4. x3ÇAw5 !^ szÌk5, x7ml d[x§tc3ym5ht4 WNhxctc5yxg7mEsymoCu4 kN[7us5 wkq8i4, x3dtc3ht4 tudtz8i4. wcl8ixgoEº5 ᐋgÛu. cspMs3ymJA5 xfr5gu xyq8il Nf3nmE2SA5 WNhxcts5yxD8N§aQxu4 iEs8ixhbl bEs2 xrxiusi4 ra3Mix3XQxq8i4 NÌ3Ni9l x3ÇAi9l vJyic5yxixExu4 b3Cs2 wm3Wzi. xuhi4 Öà§ao3iq8i4. bm8Nl x©tMs3ym5hi Wdè5 wm3Wu xgo3tbs?9oxo3tlQ5 vNbul xgo3tyymo3tlQ5 Farocan @)) àoi4 ci1qio7u4 WZhx3[cD8Ni3ui4. We would like to congratu- WNhx3bq8k5 wMQ/st9lQ5 ix9l, t4rol fê4l late Makivik Corporation on its cspn3ht4 cspMs3ymJ5 ra3Mix3[ncExzi4 vNbus5 silver anniversary. Farocan has WZhx3[QA8Nbzi @)) àø5 wlx8i. vNbul ra3Mix3ᑏ5 been a joint-venture partner,

ra3MixD8NstÌ3tbsc5bht4 is?s8˜8u ª? yƒyxu9l fishing Makivik’s northern shrimp SAMMY KUDLUK xbsy3l fÑ7u, b3Cus5 wMsMs3ym1qg5. allocations for over 16 years, and !(&*-ao3tlA mr{[4 WNhx9MEoMs3ymJ6 ra3Mix3iu4 has enjoyed the excellent relationship it has with the Inuit WNhxctsZhx3iu4. !(&(-ao3tlA cspn3tsJ5 ª? yƒyxus5 of Nunavik through your birthright corporation. We are most cspnD5pyMs3ymJ5 mr{[u4 W[5nbc3m¯5 ck9lxtQ9l grateful for this collaboration and look forward to continued wMs[sA8NC/3m¯b. sN W7mEsi3Xst9lA mr{[s2 success on the northern waters. vt1zpq5b WZhx3ym/z wk8i4 WNh5tcD8Nyi6 sux3Jxi. cspnDtsJ[i3tA5 cspoMs3ymK5 wMsA8NEx5ti4. sz?u bys/3Jxul WZhx3gc1qm5. x5bgoMs3ymJA5 sux3Jxu4 The experiment also produced a number of operational problems xqÔ1qgu4 !!%-i4 wtZi4 brio7u4 ß5gCDtQy5hA to be faced. The vessel was too small and underpowered to han- sz?u ra3Mix3iu4. cspMs3ymJA5 ra3Mo7mEx¬Qxz dle the catch rates and the fast currents that are in the Hudson Ì8Nl sux6 klx3tboµui4 syA8ND8âhi. csp7uhbl Strait in and around Resolution Island. Wâlb3bc3uQxz xyxi4. sux6 urlxExz wq3Cix¬5hil In 1979, DFO awarded a restricted fishing permit to Imaqpik wrCn3Jxu er3Öl nixi. Fisheries Inc. — a wholly owned of Makivik Corporation. In order to v?m4f5 wm3WoEpq5 gipMs3ymJ5 wcl8ixD8Nstu4 comply with the government demands of Canadian registered ves- who5b[cClx3tlA wm3W4 wcl8ixt4fk5 – Ì8N sels, our allocation for shrimp at this time was 600 tons per year, w¬8Nyxz mr{[s2 N7uiE/zi !(&(-at9lA. v?m4f5 restricted to fishing in the North. Prior to acquiring a vessel, the moZq8i4 moZhx3ht4 ra3MixD8N[c3tbsMs3ymJ5 ^))- company was allowed to charter a foreign vessel, so we made use i4 sdà8imE8i4 x3ÇAbµ5, b3Cu wcl8ixD8N[c3ht4. of the Norwegian MV Ingar Iversen up until June of 1980, at which sux3JxÌMsCt4 x5bgD8Nc5bMsJ5 sux3Jxi4 xyt8i5 time we took delivery of the Canadian registered MV Lumaaq. kNo3Jxi5 kxAwus5 sux3Jxzi4 x5bgxcc5bMsJ5 Ôi Company operations were moved to Halifax in 1979 in an !(*) tr5hA raizA5 x5bgxcc5by7uht4 vNbus/u4 effort to reduce costs, as directed by a review committee. This sux3Jxu4 ¬µ3u4. meant changes to the company operations. Tikile (who until Ì4fx wq3CtbsAtq5 k5tbsoMs3ym7uJ5 !(&(- at9lA co¿4+j5 xrr9otEZhx3ht4, eu3Dº5 vtmº5 x©t/sdym/q8i4 mo5ht4. bm8N grcMs3ymJ6 wq3Ct5yAtsJ5 xy5pg3bsQxc3iq8i4. t4ro GÖ5hmi vmp7mEQ/sMs3ymJ6H wNq3bsoMs3ymJ6 ix9j5 Ì8N co¿4+j5 k5thi t4ro4 vmp7mE7u4 wvJ3tsyt9lA ƒ4Jxu. Ì4fxl wMs[cq8Noµ3ht4 cspn3i4u WD3Xoxt5yi3ul wcl8ixi3u4 sz?u wrCn3Jxul yKi3u xgC/3bui4 ra3Mi4 n©tÌChx3ht4. wm3W4 mr{[l WNhx9ME5ymÔ4 ra3MoEi3u4 xsÙzJi4. ryxi WA8NstÌMs3ym1qg5 c7uf5 ryxi Ì4fx ra3Mix3bsc5boMsJ5 cspmJ7mᕇ4 ÙE Ô8+ Ö[5 ro+l cspn3iu4 WNhx9ME5ymÔ4. !(*)-ao3tlA wcl8ixi6 Wâlb3ÌMs3ymJ6 bEs2

xrxius5 vNbus9l sXA8Nbq5 who{[Ì3tbst9lQ5 magazine

eu3Dxq5 srsu ra3MixD8ND8âMet9lb. ®Ns/3tA9l tusJj5

sdà9osMeAts5hi. FILE PHOTO sux3Jx6 x3[u4 x5yCsto4 The MV Aqviq mr[4f5 wm3W4 s4fxbsMsJ6 !(*#-ao3tlA sux3Jxl is3Dts5hi. MAKIVIK 16 17 Caught in the Trawl

that time was the general manager) was replaced by Neil, who moved to Halifax, and Tikile remained as the assistant manager in Kuujjuaq. The company was also heavily involved in the fisheries research and development in the Ungava Bay and Hudson Strait in an effort to secure shrimp stocks for our future use. Imaqpik

rxi ᐋy?4 !(*) WQx3cust9lQ5 wclw5 cspn3bsic3tlQ5 and Makivik Corporation were instrumental in the identifica-

r9ois2 kNzi FILE PHOTO tion of Pandalus Montagui (Striped Pink) shrimp in this area. Kenny Assevak during an early 1980s fish survey in the Killiniq area. Unfortunately, we were not able to secure exclusive rights to this stock and it was, until recently, fished by all companies in WA8Nstzl wm3WoEp4fk5 tA/s5hi tAux3bsixo3hi the fishery. Dr. Barry Jones and David Gillis carried out the major- !(*^ tr5hA. kÌu4 ra3Mix3iu4 WNhxyMs3ym7uJ5 µ4 ity of the research. Ç. fxb mr{[s2 xzJ3çEo3bzi ix9 fê4u4 WA8Nstu4 Problems occurred in the shrimp fishery in 1980 with border xgo3tyQx9MdpMs3ym7m5 xg3bsqgxDi xfislx3g6 xysp/ issues between the European community and Canada that essen- sgw8NExc3m5. b4ÅN WD3XoxQx9MyMsJJ6 ra3Mix3i6 tially did not allow us a winter shrimp fishery. This also caused s9luj5 tr5hA wq3CK6. considerable cash flow problems for the company. x3ÇAoµu ra3MixD8NX5bK5 sk3yQx3bsymo3uJ5 ^))-i4 Imaqpik was eventually closed in 1983 and the vessel was sdà8imE8i4 !(&(-u !@))-i4 sdà8imE8i4 !(**-u, @@)) sold. The licence was banked with DFO up until 1986. This started sdà8imᕇ5 !((^-u s9luj5 sk3iÙ5yxao3g5 x©tymJoµi a new era of fishing for shrimp. Mark R. Gordon, who was serving $@)) sdà8imᕇ5 @))#-u. ix9 fê4 wvJ3yym7mE7uJ6 as Makivik’s president at the time, asked Neil Greig to reactivate sˆ6 wcl8ixᑏ5 kwtbst9lQ5 Ì8N WNhx3isJ6 the license again, fearing that it could be lost if it was not used er3Ìl7usi4 kNÓ5u WNhxctc3ht4. Ì8N mr{[j5 ®Ns/ for too long. This started a period of unprecedented growth in the osDtsQx9MA8NymJ6 !(*) x3Çaq8i !(() x3ÇAzb shrimp industry that continues to this day. WQx3oxizk5 mr{[4 ¿DÏ8f8k5 WNhxctsA8NyMet9lA Our allocation of shrimp has increased over the years, from s9luj5 tr5hA bm8N vJyJ6 600 tons in 1979, to 1200 tons in 1988, to 2200 tons in 1996, c7usi3nf5 WNhx3XbK5 wcl8ixi4f5 vJy5yxgÙ¬§5. to historic highs in 2003 of an estimated 4200 tons. In addition, ra3Mix3i6 çq3ifosD8N§a7m5 R@.% uoxi5 R# Neil Greig was instrumental in the creation of Unaaq Fisheries, a uoxk5 x3ÇAbµ5 WNhZcD8NDts5hil wk8k5 xyqtA9l joint venture with Qikiqtaaluk Corporation of Nunavut. This venture W?9odtQ/s?5hi kN[7usk5. brought additional revenues to the Corporation. The low tonnage mr{[4 ®NsèDtQc5bym/oµüi4 st3tyA8Nymo3g6 through 1980 and early-1990s allowed Makivik to create income- magazine eu3Dxq5

¥f4f5 wq3Ct5yAtQym/q5 !((#-at9lA FILE PHOTO Seaku operations in 1993. mr[4f5 MAKIVIK

18 19 klx3tbsJ5

wcl8ixi3u xyq8il WNhxDt5nsJi4 kN[7u kwt5yA8Nyym5hi Ì4ftÅN. WNh5tc3i6 x3ÇAi c7uibsi3ni xy5pb9lx§a1qg6 x3ÇAbµ9l wo8ixt5yc5b§a5hb do9l m3Dli4 sux3Jxu WNh5tsZ/3gi4. xuhi4 wcl8ixtc3gA5 x3ÇAi4 xuhi4 vJyJu4 WNhx3Xgi4. !(*) x3ÇAq8i mr{[4 x3dtc3hi wlw4vu4 N7uidtui4 yf4 wcl8ixt4fi4 cspn3icc5bMsJ6 sux3Jxu4 urÔi3nu4 wq3Ct5yA8NC/3m¯7u kN[7u. r9ois2 nixi cspn3ht4 kNø9l wMq8i b9lD8Nix3iu4 x©tc5bht4. Ì4fx WNhx3bsJ5 xbs5yƒ3tbsc5bMsJ5 mr{[s2 is9 fº4 WJuNo3tyNhx5g6 kN[7u iegw8NoEº5

x9M[zk5 m8gEx9u5 µ4 x˜3 Ö{ ro+l WNhx3tlQ4. NEIL GREG COLLECTION is[x5ndtq8i4 WNhZ3ªozJi4 bf5nst5yic3gi mr{[4 bmguz ®Ns/osChxDtcq8Ng6 kN[7ul c7uf5 Neil Greig at a trade show promoting Nunavik Arctic Foods products. WNhx3bsc5bMs3gtA5 N5yix3i6 vJyQx3tbsym7uhi, N5ys2 s3hq8i4 is3Dy3if5, u3dooEi3l, g5goEi6 xyq9l uri3nsZlx5 WNhx3bsymJ5. sharing arrangements with Farocan Inc. that still exist today. WZhxq8NX5gA5 NÌ3Nix3iu4 cspnq8Nc5bix3hbl The recent experience in the fishery has been very positive. wcl8ixi3u4 kN[7u, yf4 wcl8ixᑏ5 µ8N vJyZu4 The shrimp fishery generates between $2.5-million and $3-mil- mr{[s2 wcl8ixioE[zi4 Ö/sic3Xo3g5. lion annually in revenue proceeds, employment income, and other accrued benefits to Nunavik. s9lu Nîo8iq5 Makivik Corporation has invested much of the revenue from ix9 fê4 µ4 x˜3l wcl8ixioEi3u4 WA5p[sJu the fishery back into the fishery and into other employment cre- WNhx3©4 x5pŒ1qgi4 vJyt5yht4. t4ro4 vä+ ating projects in Nunavik. Employment has remained steady over WNhx§6 wvJ3tQ/s5hi xzJ3ç2 gzoo3ezk5 recent years and we have continued annual training of 12 crew- mr2XoxZhx3goEi3u. members per year. We have fishermen that have been with the fê4 ᕖ4+ WNhx§ao3g6 x˜+vus5 v?mzi. ÙE operating companies for many years. Ô8 is S/8hQ4u WNhQx3gMs3ymJ6 srsq5 ˆ7my7mb During the 1980s, Makivik, through its wholly owned sub- k3chi ßmJi4 WD3¥p1ahi x7ml cspQx3[sA8Nhi. Ö{ sidiary, Seaku Fisheries, carried out a great deal of research and ro+ WNhxq8Nc5bMsJ6 mr{[j5 m8gEx9u xs9˜y7uhi development work towards the establishment of a small vessel raizA SE8+ w5Ax5 ÉM8j5 µ8Nl ᐋgÛu WNhx§ao3S6 fishery for Nunavik. These included projects in and around Killiniq wm3WoEpq8k5 cspQx3[shi. and the development of a fishery for scallop in some communi- mr{[4 Nf3üDmK6 wcl8ixis2 WNhx3bsizi ties. These projects were coordinated through Makivik’s Montreal wMsc5bymJoµi4 xJw8Nspq8NX5ht9l bmguz – kNu office with both Marc Allard and Dave Gillis. Investments by wµil. Makivik Corporation continue to be made in the industry and in Nunavik, with recent projects to revitalize the seal industry with seal oil, the fur program, caribou projects and some other small- er developments. ieoEº5 bEs3usbi4 We continue to try to develop into the ground fish with tur- s?A5 ieoEº5 bEs3usbi4 gipKA5 W5yxdpi3u4 bot, and we will continue to attempt to develop possible fisheries mr{[f8k5 sWQ7mE5hQ5. WNhxctc3ymo3SA5 mr{[f8i4 in and around Nunavik, Seaku Fisheries has been rolled into what x3ÇAw5 !% szÌk5, wcl8ix[c3hb wm3Wu ra3Mix3iu4. is now the Fisheries Division of Makivik Corporation. WJEstc3SA5 wMscbs§aQxu4 mr{[f8k5 iEs8ic3hb vJyMzQxz bm8N WNhxctŒ8iE?5bK5 b3Cü5gi4 Where they are today wcl8ixi3u4 W?9oxt5yi3u. Neil Greig and Marc Allard are employed in Makivik’s Fisheries Division, working on various projects. Tikile Kleist works as the Clearwater Seafoods Ltd. Assistant to Makivik’s V-P for Economic Development. We at Clearwater Seafoods Greg Fisk works with the state government in . Barry Ltd. pass good wishes on to Jones went on to become a senior advisor in New Brunswick until Makivik on this celebratory his retirement from there to become a farmer and consultant. Dave occasion. We have been part- Gillis continued to work for Makivik in Montreal until he moved to nering with the Corporation for PEI, where he works as a scientific advisor with DFO and is now over 15 years, fishing some of SAMMY KUDLUK based in Ottawa.

this offshore shrimp allocations. We are proud to be asso- Makivik would like to thank those who have been involved magazine

eu3Dxq5 ciated with Makivik and look forward to continuing this in the fisheries projects from the beginning and who also contin- partnership in northern fisheries development. ue to struggle for developments in this industry — from on land mr[4f5 and on the water. MAKIVIK 18 19 ÷i Wb Johnny Peters xzJ3çmEs2 gzoz W5nb3[ni4 Vice-President for Resource Development W?9oxt5yps5hi On the occasion of Makivik’s 25th anniversary, it gives me great sWA§tc3tlb mr{[s2 @%–i4 x3ÇAi tusÔo3izi4, pleasure to reflect back on the numerous milestones achieved xoxh7mE2Sz w3csmctsQxu4 xuhi4 W/sJc9MEymo3m5 by Makivik’s Resource Development Department. Nunavimmiut mr{[s2 W[5noE[zb WNhx3[zk5. kN[7us5 WJEstnc3S5 should be proud of the vision shown by our leaders 25 years ago bf8ˆbsMs3ymJu4 yKo3tt8k5 Ì4fx x3ÇAw5 @% WQxyt9lQ5 when they foresaw the need for a department for studying and doc- bf8ˆht4 WNhx3[cExco3tlA cspn3[sZ/3gu4 x9M[sZ/3gu9l umenting the various wildlife resources which continue to provide x5pŒqgi4 i3Jti4 Öm1zu5 iEQ?4vtQ5. Ì8N WA5p[4 the food that we have relied upon for millennia. This department WNhxctc5yxXo3g6 xyui4 kN3çymÔctu tudtq8i4, has forged strong collaborative links with other aboriginal organi- v?m4fi9l x7ml wo8ix[7mE8i4. zations, government agencies, and universities. WQxzizi5, bf8ˆbsJ[is7uJ6 From the beginning, it was x9MbsJcExc3tlA kxbs?9oxJi4 also seen as critical to document grym/sJi4 kN[7us5 wkq8k5 the accumulated knowledge that xg3bsymo3gi4 WDAtQ5hQ5 bµi wMq8k5 Nunavik Inuit have used to permit whmQ/s§u4 srs3bgu xy3eN3gdbst9lA. us to flourish in what some consider Ì4fx w9oN3gmᕇ5 grym/sJ5 W/symZu4 an Arctic wasteland. This invalu- xuh7mᕇ5 wkgò5 xW3§/3bsiq5tA5, able knowledge was obtained from xJ3NmsZlx6 wkgò5 wMq5 wªA8â- hundreds of interviews with elders, ymo3g5, wà5gu4 Ö/sAyc3tbs5hi some who are sadly no longer alive, kN[7u kNs2 xg3bsizk5 x7ml and came to form the Nunavik WD3[sA8Ngk5 grymst5nq5. Ö5hm- Land Use and Ecological Database. ib/i4 grymst5nc3uÔZlx5 s[Z3- Besides containing historical knowl- gdtK5 wo8ix[s5ngw8NExo8i4, edge that our youth may learn from, bm4fx cEbs/Ë/3bsmJ5 nN3DtQ/ this database also serves as a vital s9ME§a7uJ5 h3dwymAts5ht4 kN[7us5 tool confirming Nunavimmiut land kNu4 xg§aiq8il NJ§q8il. use and occupancy. This indisput- Ì4fkz ho1qiC3bsA8Nq5g5 x9MbsymJ5 w8kwymsti able record has permitted us to enter statements of claim and ñMs5ÖoAtQc5bymo3bK5 kNÌChx3it8i xqctŒZ- engage in land claim negotiations, including the offshore and in hxDtQA8No3hQ5, wMst9lQ5 er3Ö5 ˜Xgxü5gl kâ5. Labrador. kN[s2 cspZhx3[zb x9M[z ƒ4Jxü5g6 wMQ/s9ME7uJ6 The Nunavik Research Centre (NRC) in Kuujjuaq is a vital WA5p[5tk5. ybà8Ni4 WNh5tcEx1zMs3ymZlx3hi component of the department. Initially staffed by a core of four WD9MEymo3g6 vNbusoµk5 xyil kN3Jxc3gk5 employees, it has grown to a nationally and internationally rec- wobE/sico3hi cspn3[MEsi3uA5. Ì8N x5pc1q©5hi ognized research institute. It remains unique as an institute that WA5p[s§ao3g6 ®Ns/c3tbs§a5hi, xsMbs§a5hil is funded, administered, and operated by an aboriginal organiza- vmQ/s§a5hil kNc3cymÔ2 tudtzk5. yKiò8NymJA5 tion. Our intent has always been to marry the depth of knowledge vttbsix3tlQ5 grym/so3g5 WNh8if5 kwbs?5gi4 wk8k5 brought to the job by Inuit staff who have little formal “scientif- WNh5tk5, >cspn3iME7u4> wo8ixym5yxME1qmb, wMc3ht4 ic” education, with that of formally educated non-Inuit staff. This wo8ixtbsym9ME5gi4 wkgw8Nsq5gi4 WNh5ti4. Ì4fx exchange permits on-the-job-training that flows in both direc- bs3¥v5bstiE§q5 WNhZ3u4 WQs3nt5yAbs?5g6 wq3Cic3hi tions. WNh5toµ5 xf8iqtA5. The NRC, which started from very humble beginnings, cur- kN[s2 cspn3[z, hNc5yx/Zi WQxMs3ymJ6, s9lu rently provides services to Nunavik Inuit ranging from preparation WA5pic3Xo3g6 kN[s2 wkq8i4 mftAN kN1axosD5pi4f5 of maps to heavy metal analysis. Jusipi Agma, who serves as my rrx5n/i9l eu3D/st5yitA5. ÔyW x1µ6, wvJ3tQ§C executive assistant and department head, ensures smooth oper- WNhx3[t8kl yKo3tQ/s5hi WNhx3[u4 xsM5ypQ§K5. ation within the department. I also wish to acknowledge the role h3dwbst5yAmQKz ÷r dqx2 x©tymizi4 Ö5hmiQx6 of Jackie Koneak in his former nine-year tenure as corporate vice- dosqZ3gi4 x3ÇAi mr{[u xzJçmE7j5 gzoE/sMs3ymizk5 president and the Department’s accomplishments achieved under x7ml WNhx3[j5 W?9oxtbsJcc5bMsJ7m5 Ì8N grjx5tyt9lA his direction during those years. Ö4fNi x3ÇAi. I trust that my own capacity as Makivik executive for 16 s2WE/c3Szo mr{[f8k5 S3gi3nscbsymiCA5 !^–i4 years has been well received as I strive to serve Nunavimmiut x3ÇAi4 W/sym5yxExu4 WA5pZhw8NX4vm kN[usi4. well. As Inuit, our unique hunting lifestyle and culture means that wkgw8Nsi4f5, bm8N ßmJ3ysDyE§K9l wl3DyK9l grc3mb we rely on our wildlife and other renewable resources. With this btcEx5ti4 ßmJdt5ti4 xyq8il kbsyo3XgMÏi4. bm8N comes the responsibility of ensuring these resources are well man- mo5bsic3Xg6 W[5nsJ5 vmQ/sQxc3tlQ5 ßmJ3bsJcc5blil aged and harvested judiciously. I pledge my own commitment in ˆ7mˆ3ymJi4. bm8N W9lA N7ui6 yKi5nos3ymMzKz this regard and encourage all users of our resources to ensure

W[5ndt5ti4 xg3Xg5 yMgAtc5yxlt4 Wd9lQ5. they are used wisely. magazine eu3Dxq5 mr[4f5 MAKIVIK

20 21 cspZhx3[u4 eu3Di6 Research Observations

x?t9l b9omi4 x3ÇAi4 Twenty-five Years cspn3ico3SA5 of Research

x9MbsJ5 ᐲ9 gw0j5, kN[s2 cspZhx3[zb By Bill Doidge, Director, x9M[zi4 grjx5typj5 Nunavik Research Centre

mr{[s2 tudtzb cspn3[zb WQx3[Qym/z stEx3[cD8NS6 Research at Makivik Corporation can trace its roots back Ö5hmi kNÌChx3iu4 xqctŒZhx3ic3tlQ5 vg5pctŒ8if5 to the times of land-claims negotiations during the NQIA days (NQIA) ho kwbq8Nt9lQ5 kN1axi4 xg3bsJcc5bi3m5 when maps were used to document land-use. Jusipi Agma x9Mbst5yAts5ht4 kNs2 xg3bs§aAtq8i4. (now head of our Renewable Resource ÔyW x1µ6 Ggrjx5typso3g6 kbsyoD8Ngi4 Development Department), Bill Kemp, W[5nsA8Ngi4 W?9oxt5y[s2 WA5p[zk5H, Lorraine Brooke and many others soon ᐲ9 rx72, lᕇ8 SD4 xuh7mᕇ9l established Makivik’s reputation in xyq5 kw5ynstQoMs3ymJ5 mr{[f5 Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) cspm/sAtQ§Eo3bqi4 WD3[sA8Ng5 and land-use studies. grym/sAtq8k5 x7ml kNs2 xg3bsizk5 The Inuit of northern Québec also cspn3iEym/zk5. wanted to understand the technical terms wkw5 fÑ4 b3Czius5 gryAmMs3ym7uJ5 used in the environmental studies under- sc9lfxW5bsQxo8i4 x?tu4 cspn3bs- taken for the hydro-electricty development Jco3m5 ƒ1j5 wfmosDt5ni4 W?9oxt- project. “Southern” researchers were bsJco3tlA. >c9lˆius5> cspn3tq8i4 hired to work closely with the hunters to WNh5tÌE/sJo[i6 WNhxctc3ixt9lQ5 share knowledge and to make sure that mò5ti4 grym/ui4 sçc5bt9lQ5 Inuit knowledge was incorporated in any w2WQ/cDm5ht9l bm4fx wkw5 decision-making concerning development grym/q5 xg3tbs5yxicClx3m¯b in Nunavik. Since then, technology has grÌ3bsJcExcogx3m5 bm5hjz changed, but this basic premise remains

s[Z3gxWs5hi ho ᐋo4+ fxb MAKIVIK RESEARCH W?9oxt5yZhx3ij5 kN[7u. Ömzi5, sdà8iixMs3ymK6 g5gu4 as the cornerstone of the present Nunavik nNymJ5 xy5pym§aoClx3tlQ5 ryxi r[mJ[i3u4 Ö5hmi !(*$-at9lA Research Centre. bm4fx kwbsmJ5 ho g1z[Q/sq8Ng5 A young Alix Gordon weighing one of the The Research Department evolved drowned caribou back in 1984. s9lu kN[s2 cspn3[zb x9M[zk5. in name and grew in capabilities. The cspn3[s2 WNhx3[z W?9oxic3ymo3g6 Kuujjuaq Research Centre was first estab- x5ybsmiztA9l WNhxD8NiztA9l. ƒ4Jx2 cspZhx3[zb lished in what is now Kuujjuaq’s craft’s workshop, but in 1978 x9M[z kwbsQx1zymJ6 s9lu nN1ax[Q/s§ao3gu4 it had been the municipal skidoo repair shop which dated back ƒ4Jxu, ryxi !(&*–at9lA kNo8k5 yr©os3[sMs3ymJ6 to the American airbase days. w9loxE/sQxzg[is5hi Early work entailed map- xuEvus5 sNb3tq5 ho ping, harvest studies, the bµî5tlQ5. Koksoak Fish Study and estab- WNhxEx1zc5bo3tlQ5 lishing the traditional ecological kN1axosExcc5bymJ5, knowledge data base. In 1986, x8igxa§i9l cspn3ic3ht4, the Kuujjuaq Research Centre ƒ4Jxul wcl8i4 cspn3ic3ht4 moved to the former HeliQuebec kw5yht9l WD[sA8Ngk5 base of Peter Horseman fame. It grym/sAygcq8i4 cEbs/ soon outgrew that building and ü5tyAti4. !(*^–u ƒ4Jxu took up space in the back of cspn3[4 ªMs3ymJ5 douÅc- the Halutik Fuels building (the sts2 kNzk5 Wb dx+m8 Shell garage). Bad fumes and WNhx3[QQx1zym/zk5. csp- a need for lab space convinced Zhx3[4 i8isoMs3ymJ6 Övi ÏixW+vs2 ƒzi g5gw5 xyD3i[iq8i4 nl7mãi6 !(*$- Makivik’s executives that a new

at9lA wvJ3y/sQxcMs3ymK6 douÅo7jl xuhxl8kl FILE PHOTO w9lu x9M[5Ìy7uhi c9lt4 facility was needed. The old magazine

eu3Dxq5 s3hxl8ix[zb w9ldtzi wk8k5, g5gw5 wµi gdymJ6 sk3ic3ym7mb !),))) szÌi. weather station, T-1, which was The Caniapiscau River caribou disaster cleanup in 1884 required Gyx9f5 kN4fÔos3[ziH. the use of a helicopter and a lot of manpower to sling the more than owned by Nayumivik Landholding mr[4f5 t X l v c 3 i z k 9 l 10,000 drowned animals away. Corporation, was purchased and MAKIVIK 20 21 mr{[s2 xzJ3çmEzb gzoz ÷i Wb Nf3üic3S6 Makivik V-PJohnny Peters extends his appreciation to all of the WNhx3[s2 s9lu WNh5tq8i4. Department’s current staff.

xtz: WNhZzb hNsiz: Name Job Title ÔyW x7µ6 WNhx3[s2 yKo3tz5 Jusipi Agma department head Ws9 gw0 grjx5typ7mEz5 Bill Doidge director +Ì+ s9W8+r gÇZoEp7mEz5 Stas Olpinski policy advisor Awo ᐋbu kN1axoEp Willie Adams cartographic apprentice Wb à cspn3ioEp G!(–i4 srsi4H Peter May research technician (19 years) ᐋo4+ fxb cspn3ioEp G!(–i4 srsi4H Alix Gordon research technician (19 years) Awi NÙ3g6 x9Mt Winnie Napartuk secretary yx+o uxh kN[7u ßmJoEpoµk5 x6ftQ/s§6 Chesley Mesher HFTA liaison officer ñ8t nX ßmJoEi3u4 cspn3tz5 Sandy Suppa wildlife technician àf9 4Ax8 h4fN3goEi3u4 cspn3tmEz5 Michael Kwan toxicologist s/S5 MixE WNhxC5ni4 grjx5typ7mEz5 Robert Lanari project coordinator ᐋb7 ¬[+ d7jxymJ3tÅ3gi4 kN1axoEpz5 Adam Lewis GIS analyist Œ 2ᕇK8Ö8 wcl8i4 cspn3tmEz5 Guy Prefontaine fish biologist mk yµ5 ßmJi4 dW3EN3goEi3u4 Manon Simard wildlife parasitologist cspn3tmEz5 yKixA5 WNh5tQ/sc5bym7uJ5 WNhx3[j5 wobE/sic5yxuJ5 Past employees of the Department are also recognized, includ- sfx Ws9 rx72, lᕇ8 2D4, b4M+ ˆv¥m, µ4 x˜5, ᑏ{ ing Bill Kemp, Lorraine Brooke, Douglas Nakashima, Marc Allard, ro+, E÷8 ©m+, §E ƒC2, Í9 Mµ3+, x8bE so?, ?9g Dave Gillis, Rejean Dumas, Souie Gorrop, Paule Lamarche, Andree 3M0[4, Ìix9 oros, px{ 4ä8, ᐋM8 fxb x7ml à ñ8b Oliva, Valter Blazevic, Daniel Leclair, Geoff Klein, Allen Gordon and - Ì4fx xgi5 wMscbs9MEym7mb Ì5huz WNhx3[t8i4 Mae Saunders — each who played a vital role in establishing the kw5y?9oxcbsht4. success of the department.

cspn3[cExc3izk9l mr{[s2 S3gi3nq5 gryoMs3ymJ5 completely renovated in 1995 with support from Makivik and kÌu4 whxdtÌExcoExzi4. yM8ix[[is2 w9ldtzi4 Kuujjuamiut Inc. T-1–u, N7uiE/st9lA NJ7u[4 kNu4 tAux3tq8k5, The new facility housed offices, and for the first time, proper is[3bsMs3ymJ6 wl8ˆA9l nNQx3bshi !((%–u nS7u/ laboratories. Research had expanded: disease studies, including sic3tlA mr{[f8k5 x7ml ƒ4Jxus5 tudtzk5. the walrus Trichinella diagnostic program, had started and there Ì8N kÌ6 whxdtQ/so3g6 wlocyMsJK6 x9M[8i4, was a will to conduct heavy metal analysis in-house, rather than yK9oÙ5yxul cspn3[ME8i4. cspn3i6 xqoQx3ymoMsJ7uJ6: wait for results from a laboratory down south. Daniel Leclair, the ᐋ8ixo8i4 cspn3[sA8Ny5hi, wMso3tlA É[[i3i4 Centre’s wildlife veterinarian at the time, was instrumental in dW3EN3goEi6, WQx3tbsMs3ymJ6 x7ml x9M[s2 designing the new facility. wlxi sdà5gn/i4 rrx5n/i4 cspn3bsAmJcc5bo3hi Equipment needed to expand the Trichinella diagnostic ser- sb3ec5bD8â¯3lQ5 c9lˆi cspn3bsAtq5. bix9 vice for walrus meat was obtained through funding from the federal o4ox, cspZhx3[s2 government. This equipment ßmJi4 cspn3tmEz5, was placed in the wet lab xg3bsic9MEMs3ymJ6 that was also used for dis- Ì8N kÌ6 cspZhx3[so3g6 secting dead animals, nN/s?9oxic3tlA. processing fish, and micro- Ws4ftÌE/sQxø5 scope work. Grants from cspn5yxDt5nj5 É[[î5 DIAND permitted the ana- dW3EAbs§aiq8i4 W/ lytical lab to be outfitted sMs3ymJ5 v?mgc4f5 with an Atomic Absorption ®Ns/c3tyizA5. Ì4fx Spectrometer for measuring Ws4fᑏ5 w5to8i4 cspZ- the heavy metal content in hx 3 [zª3 b s M s 3 y mJ 5 fish and other wildlife spe- x g 3 b s c 5 b M s J 7 u J u 4 cies. Funding from the WM5gwAts5hi i3Jt[i3i4, provincial and regional gov- cspnDts5hil wcl8i4, ernments was used to equip x7ml urJ7mExl8i4 bfQx3[- the lab with an air purifica- sA8No3hi. v?mgc4f5 tion system. Michael Kwan,

wkoEp7mEq5b ®Ns/ s9luso3tlA mr{[f5 cspn3iu4 WNh5tq5 sWAh5ht4 S˜Ex3tui4 an Analytic Toxicologist, magazine eu3Dxq5

c3tyAtq5 i3Jt[i3i4 eu3Dt5y§ao3S5 kÌai3Ùi4 WNhx3[u8i4 BOB MESHER joined the Centre’s staff cspZhx3[zi4 WA5pA- Today, Makivik’s research staff proudly hosts tours of their state-of-the art in 1996 to run the “chem- facilities. mr[4f5 tsMs3ymJ5 rrx5n/i4 istry lab”. MAKIVIK 22 23 cspZhx3[u4 eu3Di6 Research Observations

cspnDti4 Ns5ygDtsA8Ngu4 wclw9l xyq9l ßmJw5 rrx5n/3bc3m¯b. ®Ns/c3tyAbsJ5 fÑ4fk9l kNooµ5 v?mzk9l xg3bsymJ5 cspZhx3[u4 Ws4ftÌ3tyAts5ht4 xi3iu4 WsyãAtu4. àf9 fᐋ8, h4fN3gi4 cspn3tmEsJ6, cspZhx3[s2 WNh5tq8k5 wMscbsyMs3ymJ6 !((^–u >sxDt5n/oEi3u4 cspn3[zi4> xsM5ypsixo3tlA. wMQ/st9lA xfiElQ5 ƒ4Jxu wcl8i4 cspn3isJ5, WNh5ᑏ5 WNhxctcc5bymJ5 kN[s2 mò5tq8i4 cspn3ic3tlQ5 eMlZ3i4, wcl2Wi9l, su1mi9l, s[l3il h4fN3gc3iq9l wclw9l mr{[f5 xzJ3çz5b gzoz, ÷r dqx6 rWyJ6 s4fwyAtui4 kN[7u

t7uxl. WNh5ᑏ5 WNhxcbsMs3ym7uJ5 r9oi3u4 cspn3iu4 WA5p[sMzo3gu4 ª[7WE !((%-at9lA BOB MESHER nl7mãic3tlQ5. Then Makivik 2nd V-P, Jackie Koneak cut the ribbon to officially open the Nunavik Research Centre in November 1995. !(((–u w5to8i4 cspZhx3[z i8iso- Ms3ym7uJ6 Ws4ftclxo3izk5. Ì8N T–1 w9ldtz xqoQx3bsQxcyMs3ymK6. x3ÇAoµu In addition to the long-term Koksoak Fish Study, staff worked ®Ns/i4 kwbsJcChxMs3ymJ6, ryxi nS7ulxaxic3tlQ5 with Nunavik hunters during studies of beluga whales, arctic charr, v?mgc4f5 nS7uQx9Mut9lQ9l mr{[f9l fÑ4fl v?mz5, muskox, blue mussels and contaminants in fish and waterfowl. doᕇi4 Nto7u4 xqoQx3bsAtcoMs3ymJ6 kÌu9l Staff also worked on the clean-up at Killiniq. ßmJ[i3i4 cspn3[Ì3hi, kN1axoE[5Ìhil x7ml WNh5ᑏ5 By 1999, the wet lab had become cramped with equip- x9M[q5 nN/sMsJ5ht4 ment. An extension to T-1 w9lxW4 nNpq8k5 was needed. It took a year sW3¯at9lA @)))–u to raise the funds, but with s4fwbs9MEMs3ym5hil major support from the feder- ÷i Wbj5 à @))!–u. al government and additional kN[s2 wkq5 support from Makivik and W J E s t c D 8 N S 5 the provincial government, tAuxgw8N/A8âCu4 a two story extension, hous- Wsi3Ù/u4 cspn3[u4 ing a new pathology lab, yKo3y§aA8No3gu4 space for the cartograph- É[[î5 dW3EN3gc3- ic section, and offices for m¯b csp3bsiQA5, staff was constructed by ryxi5bs6 Wsi3Ù/i4 Iglooapic Construction dur- whxdtco3um5 kN1a- ing the summer of 2000 and xoE[7ul d7jxymJ3tA5 officially opened by Johnny grymst5noEi3ul Peters in May 2001.

eu3D[sA8Ngi4. c7uf5 t1ux2 s9lzi m8î5 cspn3bs˜3tlQ5 Nlâ3bsymJ5 FILE PHOTO The Inuit of Nunavik can cspZhx3[s2 x9M[z A nest of eggs marked for observation. be proud that they not only kN1axoE[zb WNh- possess a topnotch analyti- xD8Nbq5 xqoQ- cal lab and are the leaders in x3bsymo3uJ5, nS7u/s5htxy5 v?mgc4f5 wkoEp7mEq8k5. Trichinella diagnostic services, but also have top-grade facilities cEbsè5 xg3bsQx1zc5bo3tlQ5 !(*)–î, iEsQ/sMs3ymJ6 in mapping and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) analysis. bm4fx cspn3ᑏl kNo9l W[5ncD8NoC/Exq5 WD[sA8Ngi4 Recently, the Research Centre’s cartography capabilities were grymstq8i4, kNs2 xg3bsizk5 grymstQ/sJi9l, expanded, again with the much appreciated support of DIAND. x7ml cspn3bsymJ5 ckwoymiq8i4 cEbs/4ƒlt4. With the advent of the computer in early 1980s, it was hoped c7uf5 kN1axoEº5 Ws4ftq8i4 W/sJcMs3tlA, that researchers and the communities would have access to TEK, bm8N W[5nsyxD8Nixo3g6. ᐋb7 ¬[+, d7jxymJ3tÅ3gi4 land-use information, and the results of studies through comput- eu3DpsJ6, µ8Nst9lA ᐋ3ehw?9oxc5bg6 cEbs/4f5 ers. With the recent acquisitions of cartography equipment and WA8NDt5ni4. software, this will soon be possible. Adam Lewis, our GIS analyst, x3ÇAi4 @%–aMs3gi, kN[s2 cspn3[z xam5¥Nc5bMs3g6 is in the process of setting up this system. nNmJoxa§5 kwbsc5bo3tlQ5 ryxi SwAMs3ym1qg5 During the last 25 years, the Nunavik Research Centre

WQx1z[[i3ui4 - wMst5yA8NoCu4 grym/sJgc3i4 has kept up with technology but has not forgotten its roots — magazine

eu3Dxq5 bm5hjz c9lˆ5 cspn7mEstQ§q8k5 bm4fiz kN[7usi4 integrating traditional knowledge with “western” science to grymt5yAtsA8No3gi4 bà8k5 WsJ7mEsic3gi4 wk8kl provide Nunavimuit with information that is the best of both mr[4f5 c9lˆk9l. worlds. MAKIVIK 22 23 ᐋ8bi w5gñ5 Anthony Ittoshat mr{[s2 ®Ns/oEpz5 Corporate Treasurer

mr{[f5 @%–i4 x3ÇA3gymo3iui4 N9osi3ysDtc3tlQ5, On the special occasion of Makivik Corporation’s 25th anni- yK9oÙu Nf3üçDmKz wMsJoµi4 W[c3tyA8NMs3mb s?8i4 versary, I would first like to thank all the beneficiaries who have WA5pA8Ny5hQ5 mr{[f8k5 ®Ns/oEpsiCA5. sWAh2Sz given me this opportunity to serve as Makivik’s corporate trea- W[c3tbs5yxD8NExu4 s2WDh8iE§5yi4 bf5nst5yymZ5y surer. It is truly an honour and a privilege to receive the trust s?8k5 bm5huz WNhxZc3tlz. you have shown in me for this task. s[Z3gD9lgMs3tNz ho Ì4fx èuy Ñ x7ml fÑ4 b3Czb I was not quite a teenager when the James Bay and xqctŒ8iq5 xtos3bsMs3ymJ5. µ8Nf5, bf/gxE5/A8âhQ5 Northern Quebec Agreement was signed. Now, not only being W?9odbsymo3gi4 xqctŒ8ij5 kwbsymJi4 bmsz kN5tk5, able to see the benefits this Agreement has brought to our ryxil wic3[QA8NoExz bm8N nN5hA region, but to be in a position to build WsyosuQx3hQ9l ckwozo3g5, WsJ7mE7u4 on this and improve our situation even x©t5yxN7mEo3g6. further, is a great experience. Ì4fNi b9omsMs3gi4 x3ÇAi Ì5huz During the five years that I have wiQo3bCîo3hz, mr{[f5 bfc5bymo3g5 held this position, the Corporation has wMztA5 st3[sMExl5ht4 ®Ns/dtuk5 seen some of its greatest returns on mr2XoxZhx3î5 WJ7mEsMs3tlQ5 investments due to the booming econ- !(() x3ÇAq8ît9lQ5, x7ml5bs6 omy of the late 1990s, as well as some st3[syxqg7mEsMs3uht4, raixA5 of the weakest returns, due to the huge mr2XoxZhx3i6 n1œoJ7mEsyMs3m5 downturn that followed the 1990s build- !(()-i WD3Xoxicᕖ1zMs3ht4. up. mr{[s25 yKixA9l s9lul ®Ns/oEpq5 The Corporation’s past and present to/sc5bymo3g5 bm4fx ®Nsè5 elected treasurers have been mandat- W/symJ5 èuy Ñ2 xqctŒ8izA5 ed to ensure that the funds received xgw8Nstbs5yxExc3ixt9lQ5 ra¿k5 WA5pq8NlQ9l from the JBNQA are made available for future generations while wkw5 r1åmQ/q8i4 WA5pymo3bK8i4 xgi5 iDx3bsmJ3k5. answering the needs of the population we have served during bm4fxoµ5 Öàbsmo3g5 ®Ns/3k5 st3[sA8Nyxc5bymiq8k5 each respective term in office. This has all been done within the kxbs?9oxc5bht4 WQx3tbso3imbi5, xg3Öo5hQ5 returns on investments accumulated during inception, without xro3bsAtk5 ®Ns/E/sQxzymJ5. bm8N W/Exgi3XscbsJ6 dipping into the original compensation fund. This is probably WNhxExcExz mr{[s2 S3gi3nusdtq8k5. wMzi4 one of the most difficult tasks given to a corporate executive. x5pŒqg5 kNo8k5 WNhx3bsAmJ5 g5yCDts7mEy§a7uJ5, Demands for spending on various community projects can be x7ml W/ExgJ7mEsy§a5hi stExc3ymJ5 st3Xoxiq5 very great at times, and difficulties arise when returns are slow h4Ülxogx3mb. to be realized. xbsy3u4 xgi5 mr{[s2 yKixA5 s9lul S3gi3nk5 One thing each of the Corporation’s past and present trea- WJEstcD8Nyx3g5 Ì5huz mr{[u4 wvJ3yA8NExzi4 surers can be proud of has been Makivik’s ability to assist the kN[s2 kNoq8i4 WA5phQ5 r1åmN3gmE8i4 whxdti4, Nunavik communities with their much-needed infrastructure, kwbsJc3ym5hil tuxDdti4, x7ml ho tAuxq8Nyx3hQ5 along with the creation of subsidiary companies, and still main- xroAtsymJ5 ®Ns/dtQQxzym/q5. s9luj5 tr5hA, tain the original compensation fund. To date, Makivik has spent mr{[f5 R&@ uox8 Ìä5 szÌk5 xg3ymo3g5 kNo8i4 upwards of $72-million on community infrastructure and various whxdt5nosDtQ5hQ5 x5pŒqgk9l kNo8k5 gi3DtsymJi4. community donations. This fact is all the more impressive if we hNs{ëN WJEst5nMExl7m5 whmQogxD5tA Ì4fx èuy Ñ2 consider that the JBNQA originally allowed for a total compen- xqctŒ8iq5 vt5gi4 xrøAtsymJ5 R(!.& uox8 ÌMi4 sation package of $91.7-million, paid out over a 21-year period. @!–i4 x3ÇAi4 xro3bsc5bix3tlQ5. wMsJ5 Wdt7mEq5 Beneficiaries’ equity in the Corporation totalled $194-million as mr{[s2 xsMbq5 sk3ic9MEoMsJ5 R!($ uox8 ÌMi4 of our last audited statements. ra9oÙu b7mymJ3ysbsmJ5 x9Mdtq5 bfMsJ5hQ5. In Makivik’s 25-year history, the beneficiaries’ monies have mr{[f5 @%–i4 x3ÇA3gymo3tlQ5, wMsJ5 ®Ns/dtq5 been treated with a conservative and prudent outlook toward Wsyc3[symo3g5 kaw8Nt5Öo5hQ5 w2WQ5yxhQ9l the future. I believe that if the Corporation’s funds continue to bf8ˆDtQ5hQ5 yKi5nsix3gËozt9lQ5. s2WE/c5yxSz be handled as our present team of executives and board mem- mr{[s2 ®Ns/dtq5 vmQ/s5yxq8NixDt4 Öm5ãN6 bers are doing, future generations of beneficiaries will have a S3gi3ndt5tk5 vtmpdt5tk9l, ra¿E/six3g5 wMsJ5 strong and important economic engine in Makivik Corporation §aJ7mE7u4 W7mEsic3gu9l mrb[5ncD8Nix3g5 mr{[4 for the Nunavik region. Congratulations to past and pres- x3dtQlA kN[7u. sWAh2Sz yKixA9l s9lul S3gi3ni4 ent staff, executives and boards of directors, for making the vtmpi9l, mr{[7u4 vJyt5yyx3gmEsc5bymo3mb. Corporation the success it has been. magazine eu3Dxq5 mr[4f5 MAKIVIK

24 25 mr{[u NMs5ñDᑏ5: The Makivik Quiz: x3ÇAi @%-i x©tc5bymJ5 Key Events of the Past 25 Years

cspm5yxm¯2W5 cspZhxMsE5 mr{[u4 c7uf9l Test your knowledge of Makivik Corporation and the recent wkw5 kN[7us5 x©tc5bym/q8i4 Ì4fiz history of Nunavik by doing this quiz. NMs5ñt5yAti4 rsc5blt5.

!(&* 1978

!. N9oz kNo4 s4fxbsMs3ic wWê8Nbs5hil v?mgc4fk9l 1 What village was closed and abandoned by the government of Canada kN5yxus9l v?mz8k5 !(&*-at9lAV and NWT in 1978? @. mr{[u4 Ö/sMs3tNA ck6 Ö/sAtcc5bMsJ? tusJ6 wk8i4 2. What was the name of the organization representing the Inuit of fÑ2 b3Cziusi4 r=Zg3g6V Northern Quebec before it was called Makivik? #. N9oxi kNo7u vt1zicEx1zi3c mr{[s2 3. What community hosted Makivik’s first provisional director’s meet- vt1zpÌEQx1zbq5V ing? $. hNst9lA s9lz mr{[4 tu1atbs8ic sc3[mE7u Wd/3tA9l 4. On what date was the Corporation incorporated by a special act of wobE/si3ÌhiV the National Assembly and proclaimed by law? !(&( 1979 %. !(&(-u mr{[s2 S3gi3nq5 iDx3bstZhx3tlQ5 c5¥5 5. How many candidates ran for Makivik’s executive positions when iDxC5nsMs3ym?5V nominations were opened in 1979? ^. !(&(-at9lA sçAtcEx1zi3c5 N9oxi4 kNu4 6. In 1979, the first discussion took place concerning changing what xy5ºAm5ht4V districts? &. !(&(-at9lA m3Î4 tu1atbsMs3ym7mi4: É2Xz wcl8ixi3j5 7. In 1979, two subsidiaries were created: one for fisheries development É2Xzl nNi3j5. Ì4fx ck6 Ö/sAyc3iç4V and one for construction. What were the names of these subsidiar- ies? !(*) *. !(*)-st9lA x/W3[4 yi5b[4 iE[9l ƒ4Jxu 1980 hN1atbs8iç4V 8. In 1980, the Ayapiqvik Hotel and Restaurant in Kuujjuaq was con- (. !(*)-u hNu4 cspn3ic3ht4 scMs3ym?5 who5b[c3i6 verted to what? xg3bsixo3tlAV 9. In 1980, which study came out reporting that a quota system will !). ß5©WE !(*)-at9lA hNu4 grÌDtsJcMs3ym? µ5ps2 b3ez have to be established? hZhx3[six3tlAV 10. In October 1980, there was a motion that approved the month of !(*! March for what? !!. !(*!-at9lA hN mr{[s2 tudtz WQx3tbsMs3ym?V 1981 !(*@ 11. What subsidiary of Makivik was started in 1981? !@. !(*@-at9lA g5gi4 ®Ns/osDtcD8Ni3u4 sçMs3ym7mb g5gdtK5 1982 kN5ti bf5hQ5. N9oq5 moá5 ᐋ3ebsmCbMs3ym1qM5V 12. In 1982, it was noted that there is an economic potential in regards to the number of caribou in the region. What regulations were not !(*# yet in place? !#. !(*#-at9lA vq3hus5 hNi4 ßmJi4 sk3©lxo3iêMs3ym?5V 1983 !$. !(*#-at9lA mr{[4 grÌDtosDtcMs3ym? hâ5 wh3Îᑏ5 13. In 1983, Kangirsuk reported an overpopulation of which species? kNo8i WsyQx3bsQxc3tlQ5V 14. In 1983, Makivik passed a resolution asking the Government of Quebec to employ which full-time positions in Nunavik? !%. !(*#-at9lA mr{[s2 grÌDtoxz sc3ymMs3ym? kN[oµu 15. In 1983, a Makivik resolution stipulated the need to improve what hNi4 WNhx3[sJ5 WsyotbsJ5nsQxq5V kind of facilities for all communities in Nunavik? 1984 !(*$ 16. What did Makivik purchase in 1984 to assist Inuit patients travelling !^. !(*$-at9lA hNu4 mr{[4 is[Ms3ym? wvJ3yAtQ5hA to Montreal? m8gEx9j5 ᐋ8ix[ox3Xgi4V 17. What wildlife disaster happened in Nunavik in September 1984 and !&. y5t7WE !(*$-at9lA kN[7u i3Jᑏ5 hâ5 h4fxe7mEMs3ym?5 what did Makivik ask for in response? 18. What research project was conducted in Kangirsuk in 1984? mr{[l ckw¬3ic wvJ3yhiV 19. What two communities were involved in a relocation agreement in !*. hNü4 cspn3icMs3ym?5 vq3hu !(*$-at9lAV 1984? !(. !(*$-at9lA N9oQ4 kNø4 m3Î4 k5ticMs3ym¿4V !(*% 1985 @). !(*%-at9lA iDx3icMs3ym? hNu4 W7mE7u4V 20. What major election procedure changed in 1985? @!. N9oxi kNo7u kN[s2 yMÌî wk7mᕇ5 21. An elders’ conference was held in which Inuit community outside of vt1zi7mEcMs3ym?5V Nunavik? @@. mr{[4 grÌDtosDtcMs3ym? hNu4 v?m4fk5 ᐋ3eQx3bsdp5hi 22. A Makivik resolution was approved to ask the government for amend- wkw5 wªZhxDtQA8Nbq8i4 WNhZcDtsA8Ngu4 wk8k5 ments to what specific industry that was unnecessarily hampering x{[d5bo3m5V employment for Inuit workers? @#. ß5©WE #!, !(*%-at9lA hNi4 mr{[s2 vt1zpq5 23. On October 31, 1985 what was eliminated from the Makivik board ᐲ3yMs3ym?5V of directors? magazine

eu3Dxq5 !(*^ 1986 @$. !(*^-at9lA xgxZ6 b3Co4 xt3ui4 xy5ºMs3ym? hNj5V 24. What did Taqralik change its name to in 1986? mr[4f5 MAKIVIK

24 25 mr{[u NMs5ñDᑏ5: x3ÇAi @%-i x©tc5bymJ5

@%. !(*^-at9lA wkw5 8ix[ox3g5 c9lˆ5 kNz8k5 hNu4 25. What were Inuit patients travelling to the South complaining of in whw9osDtcMs3ym?5V 1986? @^. c5¥5 sus/3j5 xs9˜i3c5 kNo1aEx1zt9lAV @)), @&%, 26. How many people were relocated to Umiujaq when the community #)) s{?l8î5 #%)V was first established? Was it 200, 275, 300 or 350? !(*& 1987 @&. hN Wsys5hi ˆ7mq5g6 k3ctbsMs3ym? ª[7WE !, !(*&- 27. Which unhealthy activity was brought to an end on November 1, at9lAV 1987? @*. !(*&-at9lA hN swmN3©t9lA W7mEs5hil r1åmQ/sMsJ? 28. In 1987, there was an urgent and serious need for what in Nunavik? kN[7uV Ö5hmist9lA mr{[s2 ®Nsè7mEAtQMs/z kNo7j5 At the time, it was Makivik’s largest investment in the communities x3ÇAi4 Wzhi4. over a three year period. @(. !(*&-at9lA fÑ2 b3Cz hNu4 Ö/sAy3Ìi3cV 29. In 1987 the name for Northern Quebec was changed to what? #). !(*&-u iDx3tyic3tlA yf4f5 sux3Jxz hNu4 30. What name was chosen for Seaku’s ship as the result of a vote in x5ybs8icV 1987? #!. v?mgc4f5 do9l Wzh9li4 rN4f5 w9lnq8i4 nN8ic5 31. Who did the federal government build 13 houses specifically for in Inukjuak in 1987? wk5JxuV 1988 !(** 32. What did Kuujjuaq receive in 1988 that was negotiated through #@. !(**-at9lA ƒ4Jxu hNÌ3ic5 mr{[d5 Makivik? xqctŒZhxDtQc5bb[izi4V 33. Who offered a settlement in regards to the Killinqmiut case? ##. rN4ƒ5 mip8ic5 r9oi3us5 xro3bsAt5nq8i4V 1989 !(*( 34. In the fall of 1989, Makivik’s Board of directors held a meeting in #$. !(*(-u srxat9lA mr{[s2 vt1zpq5 Ni vtm8ic5 %% which community south of the 55th parallel? wÏzÔ2 yeizî5gu kNo7uV 35. What did Makivik’s Research Department change its name to in #%. mr{[s2 cspn3[z !(*(-at9lA xt3ui4 hNj5 xy5ºi3cV 1989? 36. What were the topics of four workshops conducted during Makivik’s #^. !(*(-u mr{[4 x3ÇAbµ3ystui4 vt1zi7mEc3tlA hNi4 1989 annual general meeting? ybmi4 vtmixDycDtc3ic5V 37. In 1989 the Corporation bought the first set of specialized equipment #&. !(*(-at9lA hNi4 is[3ic mr{[4 vt1zi7mE8i for large meetings. What was it? xg3bs§i4V !(() 1990 #*. hNu4 tu7mEsJu4 mr{[4 tudtÌMsJ? !(()-at9lAV 38. What large subsidiary company did Makivik purchase in 1990? !((! 1991 #(. !((!-at9lA v?mgc4f5 R! uoxi4 gipMsJ7mb hNu4 39. In 1991, the federal government agreed to commit $1million towards cspnDtsQxc3iX5 kN[7uV a study of what program in Nunavik? $). ª[7WEs2 b3ezi hN ev3Nshi wobE/si3ÌMsJ?V 40. What holiday was now noted on Nunavik November calendars? $!. !((!-at9lA N9ox4 kNø5 wMsyMsJ? mr{[j5 x3ÇAi4 41. In 1991 what community decided to fully participate in Makivik after xuhi4 wMsc5bMsJ1qvlx3hiV many years of dissention? 1992 !((@ 42. In 1992, Makivik saw the initial version of what for all beneficia- $@. !((@-at9lA hNi4 mr{[4 wMsJªozJi4 kw5yMsJ?V ries? $#. !((@-at9lA mr{[s2 vt1zpq5 hNu4 nNAtsZ/3gi4 43. In 1992, the Makivik board set aside funds to build what in ƒ4Jxu ®Ns/i4 ni3ëi3c5V Kuujjuaq? 44. In which city did Makivik purchase a building in 1992? $$. hNu4 cspn3iuA5 !((@-at9lA mr{[4 w9lu4 is[3icV 45. What was a referendum held in Nunavik for on October 26, 1992? $%. ß5©WE @^, !((@-at9lA hNu4 W5Jtc3ht4 iDx3icMsJ?5 kN[7uV 1993 !((# 46. Who used a snow knife to officially open Makivik’s office $^. rˆ XNu4 xg3hi fÑ4 ytu mr{[s2 x9M[zi4 s4fwy8ic on October 26th, 1993? ß5©WE @^, !((#-at9lAV 47. Who was Makivik’s first board member for Puvirnituq? $&. rˆ yK9oÙa5hi vt1zpÌE/sQx1zMsJ? mr{[f8i 48. In 1993 the Nunavik Governors were established. What age do they have to be in order to retire? S[3igusk5V 1994 !(($ 49. In 1994, Makivik invested in what joint venture with other northern $(. !(($-at9lA mr{[4 ®Ns/osChxDtcyMsJ? hNu4 b3Cusi4 regions? WNhxctcy5hiV 50. In 1994 a Makivik resolution stressed the need for what kind of fam- %). !(($-at9lA mr{[4 grÌDtosDtc3ic hNu4 wMŒk5 ily service in Nunavik? 51. What Makivik task force mandate was completed in 1994? r1åmQ/s9ME5gu4 kN[7uV %!. hNu4 mr{[s2 cspn3tyiz W/ᕇMsJ? !(($-at9lAV 1995 52. What question was posed in a referendum held by Makivik in 1995? !((% 53. In 1995, Makivik made a contribution to Inuit Tapirisat of Canada to %@. mr{[4 hNu4 xWEstcMsJ?5 iDx3tyic3hi !((%-at9lA assist them with the revision of which Act? V

54. What did Makivik allocate monies to build in Chisasibi in 1995? magazine %#. !((%-at9lA hNu4 W5Jtc3tlA mr{[4 ®Ns/3tA5 wvJMsJ? eu3Dxq5 55. What resolution did Makivik adopt in 1995, which all of the wkw5 bWᕇ5n vNbü4fi4 N9oxi4 moZ3u4V Corporation’s staff, including board members and executives, are %$. hNi4 nNAt5ni4 yñyWu !((%-at9lA mr{[4 ®Ns/i4 required to abide by? mr[4f5 gipMsJ?V MAKIVIK 26 27 The Makivik Quiz: Key Events of the Past 25 Years

%%. hNi4 grÌDtc3iX5 mr{[4 !((%-at9lA, WNh5ᑏ5 iDx3bsymJ5 S3gi3ãl mr{[u moQxcc5bix3bq8i4V 1996 56. What did Makivik decide to downsize in 1996 in order to save oper- ation costs to the Corporation? !((^ %^. !((^-at9lA mr{[4 hNu4 uroQxE8ic ®Ns/i4 1997 wq3Ct5yi3ËozJi4 xyXŒ4ftQZhx3hAV 57. What two resolutions must be approved each year at Makivik’s annu- al general meeting? !((& %&. hˆ4 m3Î4 mr{[s2 x3ÇAbµ3ystui vt1ziz8i 1998 grÌDtsQxcc5b§a¿4V 58. What did Makivik appoint community agents to do in 1998? 59. What is the toll-free number that was set in Nunavik to call Makivik’s !((* head office? %*. hNu4 WNhxdp8ic mr{[4 kNo8i r=Zg3ti4 !((*- at9lAV 1999 %(. c5yos? sçM[sA8Ng6 xrc1q©5hi mr{[s2 x9M[zk5 60. In 1999, Makivik approved an amount to do what for the elders? kN[7uV 61. What real estate did Avataq purchase from Makivik in 1999? 62. In 1999, what Makivik subsidiary was dissolved because it was !((( decided that the research and promotional work would be contin- ^). !(((-at9lA mr{[4 ®Ns/i4 xqDtc3ic ht5yAt5nst9lQ5 ued directly under Makivik’s Renewable Resource Development wk7mE8i4V Department? ^!. !(((-at9lA x?b4f5 Nsu4 w9lu4 mr{[u5 is[3ic5V 63. At the end of 1999, Makivik ensured that their computer systems ^@. !(((-at9lA hN mr{[s2 tudtz kat3bsMsJ? W5Jtc3ht4 were safe. What was the concern? kbsyo3bsA8NgtA5 WA5p[s2 WNhx¯c5bixo3ms4V ^#. !((( x3ÇAzb whxi mr{[4 cEbs/Dtui4 x5bN3gü1qiêMsJ?. 2000 hNu9orx6 whµ¬tc3iCuV 64. In 2000, Makivik continued to lobby the federal government concern- ing what proposed Act that would affect Inuit hunters? @))) 65. What popular sport event did Makivik help to sponsor and organize ^$. @)))-at9lA mr{[4 v?mgc4fi WNhxc5bMsJ? hNu4 for the first time in 2000? WNhxDtc3hi wkw5 xaNh5ᑏ5 h3CbsAtQMz/zi4V 66. In 2000, the provincial government funded $90,000 toward the expan- ^%. @)))-at9la yK9oÙ5yxu mr{[4 hNu4 WostAtu4 sion of what facility for Makivik’s Renewable Resource Development xgw8ND3tctsMsJ? ®Ns/c3tycts5hilV Department? ^^. @)))-at9lA fÑ2 v?mz R(),)))-i4 hNAtsix3gi4 ƒ4Jxu mr{[s2 W5naD8Ngi4 WA5p[zi gipMsJ?V 2001 @))! 67. Which Nunavik governor retired in 2001? ^&. N9oz kN[7u xsM5yp7mᕇ5 srsq5 ˆ7my7mb k3cMsJ? 68. In 2001, the Makivik Board approved an amount to help finance the @))!-uV ongoing study of what in Tasiujaq? ^*. @))!-at9lA mr{[s2 vt1zpq5 hNu4 cspnDtsix3gi4 69. What did the Corporation make a donation to following the events of September 11th? bys/u ®Ns/i4 gipix3lt4 xqMsJ?5V ^(. y5t7WE !! raizA5 mr{[4 hNi4 gip8icV 2002 70. What syllabic word was deleted from Makivik’s logo? 71. For which two Nunavik communities was there a modification to the @))@ JBNQA regarding the re-allocation of Category I and Category II lands &). mr{[s2 b3nzi hN x9MymJ6 ᐲ3bsMsJ?V in 2002? &!. @))@-at9lA N9oq8k5 m3Îk5 kNø8k5 èuy Ñ x7ml fÑ4 72. Which organization did Makivik purchase a building for in the b3Czb xqctŒ8iz ᐋ3eQx3bsMsJ? x=AbsQx5yxt9lQ5 kâ5 south? x[5gbsymiq5 xbsy3üg5 m3Îi9lV 73. For what purpose was each Nunavik community asked to supply boul- &@. N9oxi4 tusJu4 c9lˆ5 kNz8i mr{[4 ders to Makivik? w9ldty8iMsJ?V 74. Which large Agreement was signed by Makivik, KRG and the govern- &#. hNu4 W5Jtc3tlA kNø5 xgi5 s/C8i4 mr{[Ëᕇd/ ment of Quebec? sMsJ?5V 75. Makivik approved a management agreement and complementa- &$. hN W7mEs5hi xqctŒAt4 xtos3bsMsJ? mr{[j5, vt[4 ry agreement in regards to the creation and management of what kNooµ5 v?mzk5 fÑ4fl v?mzk5V park? &%. Nsj5 u3awy3[j5 mr{[4 xsMbsAt5nzk5 xqctŒAtos- DtcMsJ? wMcEx9Mut9lA xqctŒAtQx9Mu4V 2003 @))# 76. How many women Executives have their been at Makivik? 76. c5yi4 x3Ni4 mr{[u S3gi3nsJc3ymo3cV 77. Who has been the longest serving Makivik executive member thus 77. s9luj5 tr5hA rN xfisi3Ùu4 S3gi3nî5ymo3cV far? &*. hNi4 mr{[4 kw5yi3c wMsAtc3gi4 v5hôoãAtQ5hA 78. What did the Corporation create to encourage post-secondary edu- cation for Nunavik beneficiaries? wo8ixi3u4V 79. Makivik’s head office in Kuujjuaq inherited its mailing address &(. mr{[s2 x9M[7mEz c5yu4 ry5yAto7u4 x9McstÌ3ic from the NQIA and has kept it the same ever since. What is the wkw5 vg5pctŒ8izi fÑ2 b3Czi Ì5huz5ãN3l s9luj5 Corporation’s P.O. box number? xg3hiV 80. Who is Makivik’s longest serving board member thus far? 80. s9luj5 rN xfisi3Ùu4 mr{[u vt1zpsymo3cV magazine

eu3Dxq5 mr{[s2 NMs5ñt5yAtq8k5 rsAᑏ5, bfA8Nbt5 m2WZ3u 80. Answers to the Makivik Quiz, found on page 80. mr[4f5 MAKIVIK

26 27 sWA§tq5 Ó+5 wx4f5 Congratulations from First Air

Ó+5 wx4f5 WJEstc3S5 sWA§tui4 mr{[f5 vmpq8i4 First Air is proud to extend its genuine congratulations to the WNh5tq8il wMsJdtq8il @%–i4 x3ÇA3go3iq8k5. management, employees and beneficiaries of Makivik on your 25th !(*&–u, Ó+5 wx4f5 hS3go8i4 cz5bÔi4 xgExyMs3ymJ5, anniversary. In 1987, First Air entered the jet market, transport- syc5bht4 iei4 xyq8il W/sQxc§i4 vNbs2 b3Czk5. ing food and other essential cargo goods to northern Canada. xu§qg5 x3ÇAw5 xiAgx3mb, mr{[f5 is[oMs3ymJ5 Ó+5 Just a few years later, Makivik purchased First Air. Today First Air wx4fi4. s9lu Ó+5 wx4f5 WA5p§aK5 xu§i3ni4 b3Cus5 kNoq8i4 WA5pi3Xsht4 xyq8i5 cz5bÔoEps7uJi5 wobE/sym5hil xqi3Xshi cz5bÔoEpsQxq5 wkw5 kNzi. vNbu cz5bÔoEpk5 xqi3Xscbs5hi, Ó+5 wx4f5 sWA§tc3g5 N7uiE/sQxu4 wl8ˆA5 !))¶- u4 wk8k5. Ó+5 wx4f5 WQx1zMs3g[î5 !($^–u cz5bÔ3ti4 wo8ix[s5hi x7ml cz5bÔc3tyymo3ht4 wk8i4 %& x3ÇAw5 szÌko3g5. Ö5hmix¬÷o3g6 s?5tk5 wMq8k5, ryxi kÌ7mEsJA5 bf8ˆhA $,)))–i4 x3ÇAi4 wkw5 kNym[co3tlQ5 b3Cu4. b3Cu cz5bÔc3typsi3uA5 !))) szÌk5 WNh5tc3hi, Ì4fN1z5 $%)–aJ5 wkw5 kNziusa5ht4 WNh{[ui4 xuh7mᕇ9l wkgw8Nsht4, Nf3üic3SA5 WNhx3[c§aQxu4 wkw5 kN18i xqJu9l ghic3hb wkw5 wl3Dyzi4. kNo8i W?9oxt5yZhxDtQ§K5 W[5nc3tyAts§5 Ó+5 wx4fk5 st3tyAtQ§ui4 kNo8k5 nS7uymo3gi4 s?5ti4 x3ÇÅymo3gi. Ó+5 wx4f5 gi3Dtc§aK5 R$

uox8Ìä5 szÌk3gi4 x3ÇAbµ5 kNo8i4 WD3ãAt5ni4 sfx Wzh5 Ó+ wx4f5 cz5bÔdtq5b !*-aJ5 wMQ/q5 Wsi3ÙaJu4 FIRST AIR COLLECTION wMc3tlQ5 s[4vi4 W?9oxt5yZhxDtkxzJi4, WA5ppscts?5g5 srs3bgusi4 Three of First Air’s 18 aircraft that bring number one services to the North. x9MQs3ãi3jl wo8ixioEi3ËozJi9l. #)) szÌk5 WNhxDybµ5 czbic§a5ht4, Ó+5 wx4f5 cz5bÔc3ty§5 @$–i4 b3Cus5 kNoq8i4, serves more northern destinations than any other airline and is sk3iã5 wkc3tlQ5. bm4fx cz5bÔ5 wq3CstQ/s?5g5 recognized as the largest airline of the North. As one of Canada’s wrmJk5 w8ixymJi4 Wctui4 wMui9l, ᐋ8ix[ox3gk9l, largest airlines, First Air is honoured to be 100% owned by the WNhQx3ggk9l, s{?¬8î5 c9lˆk5 evÜ8NEx3ggZM8k5. Inuit. wq3Csti9l iei9l, x9MÌ3[ƒ3gi9l, nNZ5ãl hNZMq8i4 First Air commenced its operations in 1946 as a pilot train- xyq8il W/sQxc9ME§ZM8i4 csbµ5 wªy3ËozJi4 ing centre and has been providing air transportation to the Inuit Ömzoµ6 sy/sJò8N§6 Ó+5 wx4f5 cz5bÔq5tA5. for over 57 years. It seems like a generation ago to some of us, Ì4fx wkw5 cz5bÔdtq5 cspm/s7mEstø5 but we are relatively new compared to the 4000 years that the yKo3yps§ak3uk5 nNgÔiq8kl xsM5y[c§aZu4 sXZ3îgu4. Inuit have been inhabiting the North. As a northern air carrier Ó+5 wx4f5 w7uies5p§aiq5 cz5bÔdtq5 nN/sQxcogx3mb with over 1000 employees, of which 450 live and work in the WNhxoisQx9MDts7uJ6 xsM5yhi cz5bÔu4 wkw5 kNzi. North and many of them being Inuit, we have an appreciation for the challenges of working in the North and a strong admiration for the inventive culture of the Inuit. Our community develop- ment program offers First Air an opportunity to give back to the communities that have supported us over the years. First Air contributes over $4-million annually to a wide variety of commu- nity building initiatives including youth development programs, literacy and educational programs. With over 300 weekly flights, First Air provides essential air service to 24 northern communities, most of which are Inuit. These flights regularly transport passengers who are visiting friends and relatives, attending medical appointments, going to work, or on their way to enjoy a southern vacation. Vehicles, food, mail, construction materials, and other essential goods

required in day-to-day lives are frequently transported on First magazine

eu3Dxq5 Air flights. Ó+ wx4f5 – sy/ui4 wk8il sygw8Ni9l trs5pJ5 ANDY VANDERHEYDEN The Inuit airline is renowned for its leadership skills First Air — delivering passengers and cargo. mr[4f5 and innovation for unique and remote region operations. MAKIVIK 28 29 sWA§tq5 Ó+5 wx4f5 Congratulations from First Air

cz5bÔi4 vmJ7mEsQxc§5 nNQxc3hQ9l, ydu5ymJ3ixhQ9l First Air’s self-sufficiency in aircraft maintenance is the log- x7ml wfmcExc§i4 WA5pic§a5ht4 tudtq8ªozJu4, ical extension of experience operating aircraft in the North. WA5p§a7uht9l xyq8i4 cz5bÔoEps7uJ3i4. Ó+5 wx4f5 They perform comprehensive aircraft maintenance, repair, and xuh1awQxc5bymo3g5 cz5bÔdtui4 x3ÇAc5bymo3gi engineering services for in-house purposes, as well as for oth- s9lul xsM5y§ao3ht4 !*–i4 cz5bÔi4, mfiz &@&, er airlines. First Air has expanded its fleet over the years and &#&, &$*, m3Do3Jx6, x7ml c7uf5 ATR42-300–u4 today operates 18 aircraft, including the Boeing 727, 737, cz5bJ3Ìc7uMs3ht4. Hawker Siddeley 748, Hercules, and most recently has added Ó+5 wx4f5 wobE/symo3g5 wMscbs5hi vNbu the ATR42-300 to its fleet. %)–k5 vmQ/s5yxi3XsJk5 tusJk5 @))!–ul @))@–ul First Air was recognized as one of Canada’s 50 Best x7ml kN5yxus5 WNhZc3[oEpq8k5 WNhZc3[shi Managed Companies in 2001 and 2002, and the NWT Chamber W5yxi3XsiC3bshi @))!–u. of Commerce’s Business of the Year in 2001.

÷p Ít George Berthe mr{[s2 x9Mt7mEz5 Corporate Secretary

mr{[f5 kwQxzt9lQ5 @% x3ÇAw5 yKixA5 hoJu4 The birth of Makivik Corporation 25 years ago was a true tes- bft5yAtsymJ6 vtmst5yxgi4 wMŒaJ3i4. kN[7us5 tament of a devoted family. Nunavimmiut stopped a sleeping bear k3ct5yymJ5 yi5gu4 Nk3u4 gXMs3tNA h4ftEix3hi kNu4. before it awoke to destroy our land. Long days and nights extend- xfî5g5 s9lwl s8kxaJ9l WNhxDy1aMsJ5 b3eD3ht9l, ed to weeks and months, and families across Nunavik prayed for x7ml wMŒaJ5 kN[7usoµ5 g5yxicMsJ5ht4 st5yxdp5ht4 the safe return of our negotiators and their teams. They did return, xqctŒZhx3tui4 WNhxctQ/sJi9l. st3ymJ5, ryxi, however, exhausted, and Makivik was born. bcm5ht4, x7ml mr{[4 wªooMs3ymJ5. Thus began Makivik’s long process of sculpting a future for Öm mr{[4 xfixl4 nN?9oxQxcyMsJ5 wl8âk5 all Nunavik beneficiaries of the James Bay and Northern Quebec kN[s2 wMsJdtoµ5yxq8k5 èuy Ñ x7ml fÑ4 b3Czb Agreement. Our region has a wealth of renewable resources and xqctŒ8izA5. kNdtK5 kbsyoD8Ngi4 economic potential, but it also faces dai- W[5no7mEs7m5 ®Ns/tA9l mr2XoxZ ly struggles that cannot be ignored. hxDt5ncgw8NExc3hi, ryxi ñ1zy- As a young boy, I remember listening Qxc3Xq8Ng6 csbµ5 x5hÎbsQxo8i4 to the local radio station. It seemed like vœQ/sq©A8Nq5gi4. our negotiators were working in a foreign hDysq8Nhz xsMp§aKz gnstu4 country when in fact they were educating ˆMc5bExu4. bm4fx xqctŒZhx3tdtK5 all Canadians (and the world) that there WNhx3[cc5b©÷Ms3ymJ5 kNs2 xyxi was a large part of Quebec whose resi- hNs{? woãJ[ist9lQ5 vNbusoµi4 dents had been around for thousands of GyM3Jxusoµi9lH bm8N fÑ4 kNzb years. No government or company would wMz xqJ6 wkdtq5 bµiymo3mb treat our region the same again. Our bsn8tZn3Jxi srsi. v?m4fi4 tusJi9¬î5 voice was heard. Öµgw8N6 kNdtK8i4 Wsyc3[c3cèMsJ5. In consequence, all parties devel- iWK5 gn3bsMs3ymJ5. oped a working relationship that bm8Nsizk5, r=Zg3toµ5 W?9oxt5- continues to this day. We look to our yMs3ymJ5 WNhxctŒAt5nui4 vJyJ3u4 future by “doing” and “being” in the now. ho s9luj5. bf8ˆ§aKA5 yKi5nt8i4 >Wix3ic3if5> However, we will never forget our ancestors who travelled so far, x7ml >kwbi4f5> µ8Nso3gu. ryxi, SwAMs3ymixqgA5 made so many sacrifices, and passed on so much knowledge. yK9o[i5ti4 xs9Mc5bg[i3i4 szy5gJxj5, xuh7mE8il I am confident that the next 25 years will be exciting times n4fwQxcMeym5ht4, x7ml vJyt5yht4 xqJ7mE7u4 cspm/ as we collectively determine how to best pass on our generation’s sQxc7mE5gi4. insight to our children while supplying them with as many oppor- Nl1qMz @% x3ÇÅixo3uJ5 e5ÖzN5yxixExq5 xbs5yf5 tunities as possible. Nlâ3yoD5b ck6 s9lu wªJ5 bf8ˆbq5 gi/six3m¯b As an executive member of Makivik, I have been very eg3zt8k5 WApq8NlQ9l W[5nsA8Ngoµ5yx5. proud to be a part of the Corporation’s history. I wish all my mr{[f8k5 S3gi3nscbsiCA5, WJEstc3Sz mr{[f8k5 fellow Nunavimmiut the best in this 25th year of celebrations.

wMscbsymoExu4. kN[7usact4vi4 W5yxdpMzKz magazine

eu3Dxq5 @%–i4 x3ÇA3gymo3izk5 d[x§tc3tlQ5. mr[4f5 MAKIVIK

28 29 wkw5 cz5bÔq5b SJz Air Inuit Propwash

x9Mb[i6 ᐲb dx+m8j5 By Peter Horsman

r=Zg3hQ5 yK9oiÖ9l, s9luiÖ9l yKi5nu9l wkw5 On behalf of the past, present and future employees of Air cz5bÔq8k5 WNh5ᑏ5, scs5pAtc3SA5 sWA§tK8i4 W5yxdp5hbl Inuit, we send our congratulations and our best wishes for future yKi5nu vJy5yxtbsix3gi4 mr{[f8k5 bm8N W9lA, @%–i4 success to Makivik on this, the Corporation’s silver anniversa- x3ÇA3go3izk5. @%–i4 x3ÇA3gqlxClx3hi, wkw5 cz5bÔq5 ry. While not yet a full-fledged 25 years, Air Inuit follows closely mo5g5 raixWzi mr{[f5 xfî3iEo3bzi4. §3l gw4f5 behind Makivik in longevity. A glance over our shoulder with e[xC5ngw8Nsm5 wl8ˆA5 sWAhcbsQx6 ˆ7mˆo3S6. treatment of this common theme is thus timely. fÑ4 b3Czi wkw5 vg5pctŒ8iz5 cz5bÔÌEx1zMs3ymJ5 The Northern Quebec Inuit Association first took to the air xbsyo7u4 Dehavilland Mark 11 Beaver, C-FAZJ–u4. Ì8N on the wings of a Dehavilland Mark 11 Beaver, C-FAZJ. The air- cz5bÔ3yx[i6 xgC5nst9lA xqctŒZhx3tk5 x3[b3tk9l craft was purchased to transport negotiators and field workers to kN[s2 kNoq8k5 W5Jtc3ht4 èuy Ñ x7ml fÑ4 b3Czb the region’s communities so that issues surrounding the James xqctŒ8izi4 sçAtcEx3gDtQ?5hA. bm8N WQx1zDt[ist9lA, Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement could be effectively com- wq3CJoEi6 bf8ˆhA, municated. Proceeding from that legacy, Air Inuit wkw5 cz5bÔq5 was founded in 1978. That first Beaver airplane thus kwbsoMs3ymJ5 became, in the sphere of transportation, the flag- !(&*–u5. Ö8N xb- ship of development in Nunavik for Nunavimmiut. syo4 cz5bÔ6 bZ Just as the people and the region have wit- wq3CJoEi6 bf8ˆhA, nessed much change over the last few decades, so WQx3tyAtso3g[i6 too have Air Inuit’s operations. In the early years, W?9oxt5yi3u4 Air Inuit operated two Twin Otters, one Single Otter, kN[7usk5. and a DC-3 from its base in Kuujjuaq. In 1983, Air Öm5ãN6 wkw9l Inuit purchased the routes north along the eastern kN[7usl bf8ˆymo3mb Hudson’s Bay Coast from Austin Airways, conse- m3Do7mE4 &$* u/3gg6 xy5pg7mEsJi4 bm4fNi JOHNNY BEACH quently extending its network throughout Nunavik A Hawker Siddeley 748 coming in for landing. x3ÇÅc5bMs3gi, wkw5 and increasing its Twin Otter fleet to eight air- cz5bÔq5b xsMbq5 craft. Öm5ãˆcbsymJ5. x3ÇA3i WQx3cuso3ht4, wkw5 cz5bÔq5 In 1985, Air Inuit purchased its first Hawker Siddeley 748 xsM5yQxzMsJ5 m3Îi4 m3DoxD3i4, xbsy3ul xbsyo7u4, and began operations from Kuujjuaraapik. Shortly thereafter, xbsy3ul m3Doxl7u4 DC 3–u4 ƒ4Jxu xsMb3y[c3ht4. !(*#–u, this base was relocated to Radisson. In 1988, Johnny May Air wkw5 cz5bÔq5 is[Ms3ymJ5 x3dtQ/s§i4 bys/3Jxf5 Charters was purchased as a subsidiary company, primarily run- ᐋ+t8 cz5bÔq8i5, Öm kN[oµu4 WA5p§aixo3ht4 ning Single Otters and Beavers during the float season. In 1992, m3DoxDdtui9l sk3yQxE5ht4 *–ao3tlQ5. the company successfully tendered for a contract to operate !(*%–u, wkw5 cz5bÔq5 is[Ms3ymJ5 yK9oÙu4 Hydro-Quebec’s fleet of Convair aircraft, initiating an affiliation 748–u4 xsM5yAtQy5hA ƒ4JxÇW7u. xfisqg6 raixA5, with Hydro-Quebec that has endured more than a decade. In a xsM5y[z ªbsoMs3ymJ6 Çtñ8j5. !(**–u, ÷i à major 1995 initiative, Air Inuit introduced Dehavilland Dash 8 cz5bÔq5 is[3bsoMs3ymJ5 tuxDdtQ/sMzo3tlA, service between Dorval and Nunavik, and in 1998, the company xsM5ylxax§at9lA xbsyo8il xbsyoxD3il wm3u4 introduced rotary wing service to Nunavik with an Aerospatiale u{[c§3i4. !((@–u, Ì8N tusJ6 WNhA5pAt5nui4 Astar 350 helicopter (Nunavik Rotors). In addition to the oper- WtbsA8NyMs3ymJ6 xsM5yixo3tlQ5 fÑ4 ƒ8ixtq5b ation of Hydro-Quebec’s current fleet of Dash 8-300 and Dash cz5bÔdtq8i4, WNhxctcy5ht4 fÑ4 ƒ8ixtq8i4 dø5 8-400 aircraft, the company now owns and operates the follow- x3ÇAw5 szÌk3icymo3gi4. !((%–u WQx7mEstQ5hA, wkw5 ing fleet: cz5bÔq5 is[Ms3ymJ5 cz5bÔu4 Ì+–*–u4 xsM[cyt9lA • Two Dash 8s gx¿9 x7ml kN[s2 xf8iztA5, x7ml !((*-u, tusJ6 • Four Hawker Siddeley HS 748s WQx3tyoMs3ym7uJ6 v5puÅo7j5 WA5pAt5nui4 kN[7usi4 • Six Twin Otters

is[3ht4 douÅo7u4 #%)–o7u4 GkN[s2 douÅoq5H. • One King Air magazine

eu3Dxq5 wMQ/st9lQ5 xsMbs§k5 fÑ4 ƒ8ixtq5b cz5bÔdtq8i4 • Two Single Otters (JMAC) Ì+ *–#))–o8i4 x7ml Ì+ *–$))–o8i4, Ì8N tusJ6 • One Beaver (JMAC) mr[4f5 µ8Nf5 N7uico3uJ6 sfiz cz5bÔaJi4: • One Astar helicopter (Nunavik Rotors) MAKIVIK 30 31 wkw5 cz5bÔq5b SJz Air Inuit Propwash

« m3Îi4 Ì+ *–i4 « ybmi4 &$*–o8i4 « Wz§J3gi4 m3Do8i4 « xbsy3u4 r1 wxu4 « m3Îi4 xbsyo8i4 G÷i àH « xbsy3u4 ᐲ?u4 G÷i àH « xbsy3u4 douÅo7u4 GkN[s2 douÅoq5H

Ì8N tusJ6 kw5yymo3g6 xsM5y[Q§ui4 sfNi kNo8i:

« gx¿9 HEIKO WITTENBOURN Ì+ * É2Xzk5 wrmMzJ5 wr/3gg5 « ƒ4Jx6 Passengers boarding one of the two Dehavilland Dash 8 airplanes. « ƒ4JxÇW4 « S[3ig6 The company has established bases at the following loca- « Çtñ8 tions: « n9lw5 • Dorval « y5yx9 • Kuujjuaq « yx?[x9 • Kuujjuaraapik • Puvirnituq !(&*–ui5, Ì8N tusJ6 Wix3ic3ymo3g6 mfiz: • Radisson « #,*%) szÌk5 ᐋ8ixJi4 É5yc5bymo3g5 kN[7u. • Salluit « wrmt5yymo3g5 !,#@%,))) uox8 szÌk3gi4 • Sept-Iles wk8i4. • Schefferville « syymo3g5 !@%,%)),))) uox8 szÌk3gi4 sdà8io8i4 kN[s2 kNoq8k5. Since 1978, the company has: « @*),))) szÌk3gi4 Ü?9MAy3i4 cz5b[c3ymo3g5, • Accomplished more than 3,850 medical evacuations in kN[7ulxax6. Nunavik. • Carried more than 1,325,000 passengers. Ì8N tusJ6 WNhZc3[sJ6 #))-ZM8k5 • Air lifted more than 125,500,000 pounds of cargo to Nunavik xbs5yf5 xJw8NstQ§q5 cz5bÔoEi3u4 WNh5t- communities. y5yxD8N§a5ht4. • Accumulated more than 280,000 flight hours, mostly in @%–i4 x3ÇÅMs3gi, cz5bÔoEº5 sk3gmEsJ5 Nunavik skies. xsMA8âc5bymo3g5 xoxN1qgüc5bht9l. wkw5 cz5bÔq5 ˆ7mq5gƒy?Zlx3ht4 whw5gmE5tA9l @%–i4 x3ÇÅMs3gi, The company provides employment to approximately 300 indi- Ì8N tusJ6 Ömz5 ckw9lxMs3ym1qg6. b3CustA5 viduals whose collective efforts make the airline work. WsygcK5 xgo3ty5yxD8Nî5, During the past 25 years, the list of air- W[5ncyA8Nî5 x7ml xtzi4 lines that have ceased operations is long and yK9oÙzi4 NlQ/c1q©î5 unhappy. While Air Inuit has not been with- cz5bÔoEiK5b Wsyzi4 out setbacks and difficulties over the last kwbt5y§ao3g5 s9luj5 quarter century, the company has remained tr5hA x7ml btQ/slxaxhi comparatively stable. Our northern traditions ckwqyxq©AtQ?5bt8k5. of adaptability, resourcefulness, and first-name Öm5ãN3bs6, nS7u/sq8N- familiarity mark the character of the airline to oµgw8Nj5 mr{[f8kl this day and have been central to achieving wkw5 cz5bÔq5b cz5bÔdt3ç[iq5b

xyq8kl kN[s2 tudtq8k5 wMz5 m3Doxl4 Gnsu3üg6H, uax3ymJ6 wkw5 FILE PHOTO this stability. Likewise, the steady support vJy5yxgüq8NSA5 ho cz5bÔq5b uaxDt3çEym/z8i4 of Makivik and other Nunavik organizations WNhx3bK8i4. Among Air Inuit’s first aircraft, a DC-3 (left), painted continue to be critical to the success of our in the airline’s early colours. wkw5 cz5bÔq5b vtm- project. pq9l WNh5tq9l scsy- The board of directors and employees of c3S5 Nf3üi3ui4 mr{[s2 tudtzi4 kN[7usi9l Air Inuit express their appreciation to Makivik Corporation and to nS7uymi5yk5 @%–i4 x3ÇÅMs3gi4 - Wlx3gu4 Ö4fNi the residents of Nunavik for your support during the past 25 years

s9li X3çDtz ydu5tlA, x5nlxzl ç3tlA, s{?¬8î5 — especially on those days when a heater went out, a tire went magazine

eu3Dxq5 kN b5yo3tlA. flat, or the fog rolled in. iEs8ixSA5 bm5huz WsyEsymo3gu4 xKzsot5- We look forward to extending the legacy over the next 25 mr[4f5 yQx9MixExu4 @%–i4 ho x3ÇAi4. years. MAKIVIK 30 31 WD3Xoxymizk5 mr{[s2 tudtzb wobE/smAtz

si4Ïbq5 uyx9 vª The Evolution of Makivik’s Official Corporate Identity

By Michelle Gagnon

>g1zhQ5 xq3Cj5,> >g1zhQ5 kN[7u,> x7ml “Welcome Home,” “Welcome to Nunavik,” and “Standing up >kNdt5ti if3CKA5> Wz§5ht4 r9oc3tyAᑏ5 mr{[f5 for our Region” are just three definitions of Makivik’s logo which b3nzk5 wk8k5 xg3bsymo3ht4 grc3tyAbs5ht4. people have used to describe its meaning. ª[7WE #, !(&^–u mr{[f5 vtmpQÜ8NMs3ym/q5 It was on November 3rd, 1976 that Makivik Corporation’s iDxMs3ymJ5 N9oÏE5ht4 b3nn3u4. WytsosttbsMs3ymJ5 interim board of director’s voted on choosing a logo (or “crest” as kN[oµu x7ml !^–i4 b3nE/sZ/3gi4 it was called back then). A contest was mi/sJc3hi b9omi5 kNo8i5. organized across Nunavik and 16 designs yxy Gdqx6H Ô8+ ñMcMs3ymJ6 were submitted from five different com- b3nox[iz, bf5nstbsMs3ymJu4 b3Co4 munities. eu3Dxq8i ª[7WE !(&^–ibi. yxy Jessie Jones (Koneak) of Kuujjuaq Ö5hmist9lA wo8ixtsMs3ymJ6 x7ml drew the winning logo design, as shown ñMcstÌ3hi R%).)) ÌMi4. in Taqralik’s November 1976 edition. yxy b3nosEx1zg[i6 wk1axu4 Jessie was a student at the time and nsu3uk5 klC3gaxu4. mr{[f5 WQx1zc7ust9lQ5 Ì8N won $50.00 for her efforts. wk1ax6 Ü?9MzJcMs3ym1qg6 kN1axul8î5 WbcCi. Jessie’s original logo had an Inuk waving his left hand. In the xy5pbsQx1zc5bo3g[i6 bo3Wuk¯6 klC¯3tbso3hi early years of Makivik there was no ring around the figure, nor yˆroQx3bshil xtQz. was there any provincial border. !(&(–u, mr{[s2 vtmpq5 kwbsdpo3g[î5 kN[7us5 Some of the early changes included changing the left arm ã7mt5nzi4 x7ml ÉEo !&, !(*)–u !:))–a3tlA wave to the right arm and trimming the parka fringe. ã7mtu4 NXJË3bsJcoMs3ymJ6. In 1979, the Makivik board asked that an official flag be pro- ã7mtoxaymJ6 Öà5gã8NsMs3ymJ6 ryxi bs5gz duced for Nunavik and on April 17, 1980 at 1:00 p.m., there was xy5pbsQx3hil x7mlrÌzbl yo8izi4. ryxi Ì8N b3n6 an official flag-raising ceremony. N7ui6 wªy3ÌZsZoMs3ymJ6. kN1axboz kwbsQx1zg[i6 The flag design remained constant except for defining the !(*!–u. kwQx1zhi kN1axo5bz wMscMs3ymJ6 colours and the width of the circle. The logo, however, took on fÑ4 yeizî5gu4 MXgx2 kNzil. Ì5hms2 kN1axz a life of its own. The map outline was introduced in 1981. In the xy5pg3bsc5bymo3g6 ybmsJ1qZ3g[5bshi. !(($–u mr{[f5 gnC5noE[zb WNhx3[z5 W?9oxt5yMs3ymJ5 tusÔ2 wobE/sAtzk5 moZ3i4 wMc3ht4 moZ3il x©tQxo8il kwbsJco3X5 tusÔ2 b3nzi4. Ì5hms2 bs5gz cf3oD3bsMs3ymJ6. Ì8N b3n6 Öà5gã8NsMs3ymJ6 @)))–j5 tr5hA Ì8N cf3osJ6 bs5gz ã7mtü5g6 xy5pQx3bsMs3ym7m5. b=Zi x3ÇAu, mr{[s2 vtmpq5 grÌMs3ymJ5 b3nz xy5pQx3bsJ5nsQxz ᐲ3bsJc3ixt9lA wk5tg5

>fxSᕇn8> MJu4 hoi3nu4 scsyc5yxi3nsd9lA x7ml magazine

eu3Dxq5 xg3bsJc3li ÉÑu4 wk5t©Dtu4. c9lˆtg5 sc3bsAyz >Makivik Corporation> swAwtg9l sc3bsAyz >Société mr[4f5 Makivik> Ì4fã8Nsq8Ng6 sc3[mEs2 Wd/oxEym/q8i4 MAKIVIK 32 33 mr{[s2 tusÔizb b3ndtz Makivik’s Corporate Identity magazine eu3Dxq5

!(&^-at9lA b3nnu4 WostAt[î5 1976 logo contest entries. mr[4f5 MAKIVIK

32 33 mr{[s2 tusÔizb b3ndtz Makivik’s Corporate Identity

beginning, the map included the southern Gaspé penin- sula and Labrador. The background map was changed a total of seven times. In 1994, Makivik’s Information Department developed an official corporate identity man- ual that included rules and regulations for reproducing the corporate logo. The official colour was defined as metal- lic gold (Pantone 873). The logo remained the same until 2000, when the gold colour on the flag was modified. This year, Makivik’s board of directors decided that the logo should be modified by removing the syllabic “Corporation” portion of the Inuttitut spelling, by chang- ing the Inuttitut spelling of “Makivik” to more accurately xy5ºAtsQxcC/3ifzk5 scsy3bq8i4 resemble the correct pronunciation, and by using the xy5pbsJc3ixX5. ryxi, c9lˆt©3gzl newer AiPai font for the Inuttitut syllabics. “Makivik swAwt©3gzl xyxª3bsQx3ymJ5 kÌu4 Corporation” and Société Makivik” remain the same, tusJ6 xtos3bsAyc3ixo3tlA. yK9ozA5 as it would take an Act of Parliament to change these wk5t©q5 d˜i3yXsc5bymJ5 c9lˆt©q9l terms. However, the placement of the English and French xÌi nsu3üt9lQ5 swAwt©3gzl xÌi text was repositioned for the new corporate signature. bo3Wü5tlQ5. µ8Nsi3XsJ6 nN/smAycoEK6 Previously, Inuttitut was on top with English to the bottom wk5t©3gz çzi3yXst9lA swAwt©3gzl left and French to the bottom-right. In the latest design, gzoE/st9lA x7ml c9lˆt©3gz Inuttitut is on the top, French comes second, and English xÌi3yXst9lA. is on the bottom.

c9lt4 s3hxl8ixᑏ5 Halutik Enterprises

c9lt4 s3hxl8ixt4f5 WNh5toµq5 WQx9MmExldpK5 All the employees of Halutik Enterprises would like to offer best tudtub xˆN1axzi4 mr{[s2 tudtzi4, @%–i4 wishes to our mother company, Makivik Corporation, on its 25th x3ÇA3go3izk5. Nf3nMExl2SA5 nS7u/sq8Nc5bMsExu4 anniversary. We truly appreciate all the support we have received !%–i4 x3ÇAMs3gi4 WA5pt9lb ƒ4Jxusi4. wl8ˆA5 over the past 15 years of serving the people of Kuujjuaq. Being tuxDdtQ/st9lA a wholly owned sub- c9lt4f5, whmccbsKA5 sidiary, we share in mr{[f8k5 v5hôoãctslb Makivik’s philoso- kN[7us5 wkw5 xyq5bl phy to promote the WJ5ns÷Dtq8i4. interests of Inuit of c9lt4f5 kwQxz- Nunavik as well as Ms3ymJ5 !(**–at9lA elsewhere. w7uie5hi s3hxl5n/3i4 Halutik has been WÌ3typs5hi ƒ4Jxu yx9 in operation since vNb4f5 xÌA3ic3hi. c9lt4f5 s3hxl8ix[z8i ÔW Wb ãmis2 Nlâ4fbzi4 1988 as an indepen- s3yg3g5 ƒ4Jxu kwbt5yJ6 c9lt4f5 kN4fÔcstz5b xyq8i4 WNhxZc§a7- Fuelling up at Halutik’s gas pumps yKÇi dent distributor of uJA5 mfiz kN4f- in Kuujjuaq. Jobie Peters gives the peace sign in front petroleum products Ôos3[u4, kNo8i of Halutik’s garage. in Kuujjuaq, under the nN/sJi4 WNhxZ3i4, Shell Canada banner. x5bg3bst5y§a5hbl kN4fÔÇl8i4. WJEstc§a7uJA5 Our other interests include a vehicle repair garage, local construc- WNh5tyA8N§aQxu4 wMsJi4 bµiusi4 xg§aQxu9l tion projects, and the rental of heavy equipment. We have proudly

kNø5 is[x5ndtq8il WA5pAtQ§q8il WNhxZoµ5tk5. promoted the hiring of local beneficiaries as well as using local magazine

eu3Dxq5 bm5hjz W[5nc3tbsi5ti4 WA5p§5ti4 ckwqyx3tlQ5 goods and services in all of our projects. We would also take this xd5yxc5bdpix3SA5 Ömzoµ6 x3ÇAu, Nf3ümE5hbl s?5tk5 opportunity wish our customers safe driving at all times of year, mr[4f5 WA5/sQx3g§aZ5y. and many thanks for your patronage. MAKIVIK 34 35 WA8Nyxd/sKy kNÓ2 Good Wishes from NEAS sx8izi syv5btk5

kNÓ2 sx8izi syv5bᑏ5 sWA§5pK5 WA8Nyx3iE?5bzi4 Nunavut Eastern Arctic Shipping Inc. (NEAS) would like to mr{[s2 N9osi3ysDtc3tlQ5 tusÔo3iui4 x3ÇAi4 @%-i4. express its good wishes, congratulations and continued success kNÓ2 sx8izi syv5bᑏ5 Nf3ni3ui4 mr{[u4 to Makivik Corporation on this joyous silver anniversary occa- cspm/st5yAmK5 WNhxctc3if5 kNÓ2 sx8izi syv5bti4 sion. mr{[4 bf5nst5y?7m5 b3Cusi4 WNhxD5pyxChx3iui4 NEAS would also like to express its sincerest appreciation vJy5hil s9luj5 WA5pi3ui4 kN[7usi4 sux3JxtA5 to Makivik, for through the NEAS partnership, Makivik has shown syv5bis?5gtA5 ᐄZ3[c3itA9l – Ì8N g1z[9MEs7m5 its commitment to the North and continues to actively work on kN[7u kNø5 mr2Xoxizk5. behalf of the Nunavik communities to build and enhance essential !((*-at9lA kwtbsMs3ymJ6 kNÓ2 sx8izi marine transportation links and infrastructure — a cornerstone syv5bᑏ5 WNhxctc3iuA5 x3ÇAi4 $)-i4 WNhx3ymico3g6 to viable, long-term northern economic development for all the Inuit of Nunavik. Formed in 1998, NEAS, through its managing partner, has over 40 years of experience in the marine transportation services geared principally to Canada’s Eastern Arctic. The NEAS busi- ness and economic development record is unparalleled for growth and service. Cargo types include dry goods, store merchandise, automobiles, construction and mining re-supply materials... every- thing except bulk oil. The partnership positively contributes to the North’s economic development by solidifying beneficial majority-ownership participation for Inuit in the essential marine

NEAS COLLECTION syo3gwJ5 y4rÌl7u4 sysMzJ5 wMQ7u/q8i4 transportation business. Preparing a barge for another load of cargo. NEAS is actively training and employing Inuit, while offering highly competitive and customer-focused marine transportation sux3Jxƒ3goEi3u4 vNbs2 srs3bgzi. kNÓ2 sx8izi services for Canada’s Eastern Arctic communities. This business syv5bᑏ5 WNh5bc3mb mr2XoxZhx3iu4 WD3Xoxi3ul. model, we believe, will yield the greatest return for NEAS, its part- syv5bA8N§5 iei4, is[x5ni4, wq3Csti4, nN/5ni4 ners, and our customers, as well as yield the greatest downstream s/C8ixDti9l... s3hxl5bts1qgw8Nht4 xyoµq8i4 economic benefits at the local level. syA5p?5g5. Ì4fx WNhxctsizA5 b3Cu mr2Xoxt5yi6 In year 2000, the vessel MV Umiavut was purchased. This WD3Xox5yxg7mE4 wkw5 sk3inu4 N7uidtc3tlQ5 bmgm initiative represents the first time in Canadian history that Inuit sux3JxtA5 sy4vbis2 WNhx3bsizi. participation went directly towards the financing, purchase and kNÓ2 sx8izi syv5bᑏ5 wk8i4 WNh5tui4 importation of an Ice Class-I vessel. WQs3nt5yq8NX5g5, vNbs9l srs3bgoµzi NEAS is com- syv5btsi3u4 syv5bts7uJk5 mitted to the North Wostctsq8Noµ3uht4. Öà5g6 WNhx3i6 and is determined xg3ic5yxi3nsix3m5 çœ3ifos3lil kNÓ2 t o i m p r o v e a l l sx8izi syv5btk5, WNhxctq8k5 aspects of marine W5Jp/s?5gk9l kNo5tA9l çq3ifos3i6 transportation up Wsi3nsA8Nhi. here. NEAS was @))) x3ÇAzi sux3Jx6 suxK5 instrumental in the is[xaMsJJ6. Ì8N yK9oÙ5yxa5hi vNbu repatriation of gov- wkw5 is[3iEMsJ/z wMs[Q9ME5hAl ernment contracts sux3Jx6 Ö/sJ6 suxK5u4 is[xaMs3ymK6 x3ÇA6 xg3hAl yfi4 yd5tEA8Ng6 sux3Jx6. NEAS COLLECTION to the Nor th, the @)))-at9lA, yK9oÙu wkw5 wMsymJ5 yftÅD8Ngu4 kNÓ2 sx8izi syv5bᑏ5 WA5pME2S5 sux3Jxu4 is[3gk5. evolution of con- b3Cusi4 Wsyosut5yZhxq8Nc5bix3ht9l MV Umiavut was purchased in 2000, the first time Inuit tainer usage in the sux3JxoEi3u4 b3Cu. kNÓ2 sx8izi participated in the acquisition of an Ice Class-I vessel. North, an innova- syv5bᑏ5 wvJ3yym9MEQK5 v?m4f5 tive one-stop-shop W5Jpiq8i4 b3Cu, w5y[xl8il rrx8i4 xgo3tyym5ht4 cargo service center, all-risk marine cargo insurance and the stan- syv5bDti4 w7mcstc5yxgi4 r{ëAtc3ht9l sdà5gmE8k5 dard 15 metric ton lift in all communities. NEAS seeks to further kNooµi. kNÓ2 sx8izi syv5bᑏ5 Wsyosut5yZhxq8Nc5bS5 improve sealift services, transportation infrastructure and costs in sux3Jxf3tyAtui4, syv5bsti4 xrQ/sJi9l b3Cu the North through consulting, lobbying and other correspondence cspn3if5, xWEv5bi4f5 WNhxctc3if9l v?mi4 b3Cus5 with all levels of government advocating for northern interests.

WA5/syxd5hQ5. NEAS would like to take this time to thank Makivik Corporation magazine

eu3Dxq5 kNÓ2 sx8izi syv5bᑏ5 Nf3üDmK5 mr{[u4 for its quality leadership and continued support in the quest to yKo5yxiE?5bzk5 nS7uiE?5bzk9l Wsi3Ùf5 sux3Jxƒ3tyi3u4 provide the best marine transportation services in the North, for mr[4f5 b3Cu µ8N x3ÇAil yKi5tî5gi. now and in the years to come. MAKIVIK 34 35 Wix3iK5 Piniarnivut

øn dW3Dxl4, gnc5bstAtoEi3u4 WNh5t Lisa Koperqualuk, Communications Officer

mrbKA5 Makitavugut

Ö4fx Wzh5 yKixA5 si4Ïc5bMs3bv bf8ˆicc5bMs3g5 The last three columns of Piniarnivut were focused on other xyq8i4 wkgw8Nsct5b kNdtq8i4 x7ml ck6 regions our fellow Inuit occupy and how they maintain some lev- w7uieic§a7m¯b wªy3uA5. x˜+vuo, wk2Wxdtq5 el of autonomy in their societies. In Alaska, the Inupiat join other wMscbso3ymJ5 xyq8k5 kNc3çymJw5 wkdtQ7u/q8k5 aboriginal groups that work in conjunction with their state to form WNhxctQ5hQ5 kNui kw5yhtx9˜5 tusJi4 grÌE- bodies capable of decision-making powers; in Chukotka, the small A8Ni3u4 krcD8Ngi4. hf5vuo xu§qg5 Jᐲ5 wk- Yugpiit population struggles with the Russian Association of the dtq5 x5hDcbs7mEc5b§5 Îyxu kNc3çymJ5 wkdtq5b Indigenous Peoples of the North (RAIPON) for recognition of their vg5pctŒ8izk5 wobE/st5yZh5ht4 WJ8Nstui4, rights; while Akukittumiut debate the pros and cons of indepen- xfr5gus9l rsmsttlQ5 w7uiei3j5 ˆ7mgi4 ˆ7mq5gi9l dence of their 25 year old Home Rule Government. What we have @%–i4 srsco3gu4 xq3Czb v?mzk5. ryxi, bfymo3gA5, seen, however, is a small view, and complete studies of political xqÔqgi4 bf8ˆC5nu4 x7ml hNu5yxgu4 cspn3bsJc3ymZi developments in each region have not been done. Wix3ioEiq5b W?9oxymiq8i4 xgi5 kNoc3[sJ3îg5. In Nunavik, our experiences have been similar. The knowl- kN[7u, x©tym/K5 Ö4fkz x5pQ/sZMgw8Nym7uJ5. edge of the loss of control, and decisions having been made for grymiK5 xyspymQxu4 xsM5yA8NstK8i4, grÌD5/sc5boExu9l us without even us knowing it, have lead to important political xy5tk5 cspmt8Nb¬8î5, kw5yAtsymo3g5 W7mEsic3gi4 developments we have initiated over the last 30 years. This year Wix3ioEi4f5 W?9oxt5yAti4 Ì4fNi #)–i4 x3ÇÅMs3gi. marks a special occasion in which to celebrate one of these devel- b=Zi x3ÇAu N9ostQK6 x5pQ/sqgu4 sWA§t5nco3m5 opments as Makivik Corporation turns 25 this year! W?9oxtbsymo3gi4 Ì4fx mr{[f5 @%–i4 x3ÇA3gymo3mb¡ In the early 1970s, beginning with the creation of the Inuit !(&) WQx3cust9lQ5, kwbsJcgx3m5 sfiz wkw5 Tunngavingat Nunamini (ITN) and the Northern Quebec Inuit g1z[z5 kNu8i x7ml fÑ4 b3Czi wkw5 vg5pctŒ8izi4, Association (NQIA), crucial political events began to unfold. Wix3ioEî5 W?9oxMEyMs3ymJ5. Ì4fx m3Î4 tusÔ4 Though these two organizations worked toward the same goal WNhx3bq5 gÇzicMs3ym7mt4 gÇZc3iu4 Wix3ioEi3tA5 of political autonomy, ITN was eventually overshadowed by the w7uie§ai3j5, Étwx8f5 c9obsgw8NoMs3ymJ5 Ì4fkz James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement (JBNQA) of 1975. èuy Ñ x7ml fÑ4 b3Czb xqctŒ8iq8k5 !(&%–u. Jä In July 1978, Makivik Corporation was created through an Act of !(&*–u, mr{[f5 kwbsoMs3ymJ5 fÑ4f5 v?mzb sc3[mEzk5 the National Assembly of Quebec. NQIA handed over its responsi- Wd/3tÅ3tbs5hi. vg5pctŒ8if5 WNhx§ui4 mr{[ËEyMs3ymJ5 bilities to Makivik, effectively removing itself from the frontline of N7ui6 ᐲ3ht4 Wix3ioEi3u5 x7ml èuy Ñ2 xqctŒ8izi4 political activity and the implementation of the JBNQA. This was a vJyt5ypsi3u5. bm8N kÌi4 s9li4 kw5yAtsMs3ymJ6 new era marked by an intense desire to make the decisions affect- Nlâ3yAbs5hi grÌEAm§ai5ti4 h3êic3gk5 wªy5ti4 ing our lives — no one else should do it for us. - xy5tk5 grÌD5/s§aJ5nsq4vlxC5ÖN. However, the road was not always smooth, even as successes ryxi, x3dtz miê8NsMs3ym1quJ6, hNgw8â5 have been accomplished. For instance, look at our plea for political vJytbs5yxXoZlx3utlQ5. s5©tQlA, Ö5hmiQx6 participation during the era of constitutional talks of the 1980s. Wix3ioEitA5 wMscbsMs3ymZ5b s9lî5tlQ5 Wd/3JxoEî5 Aboriginal leaders were absolutely right in their insistence on par- sçctŒAbst9lQ5 !(*) x3ÇAq8ît9lQ5. kNc3çymJ5 ticipating in the discussions on constitutional changes. After all, yKo3tq5 ho9ME5gu4 Wsyo[î5 wMscbs9MEZhx3gnsiC3ht4 we consider ourselves Canadian. Makivik’s role was vital in bring- Wd/3Jx6 xy5pg3bsizk5 sçctŒ5gk5. wl8ˆA5 ing the Aboriginal Rights clause into the Canadian Constitution of vNbusacbsJE7uZ5bsî5. mr{[f5 WNhxcbsiEMs3ym/q5 1982. Not any country can claim to have such protection for its xg3ic9MEMs3ymJ5 bm4fiz kNc3çymJw5 WJ8Nstq8i4 vNbs2 aboriginal people, and we should be proud of our role for this par- Wd/3Jxzª3bsJc3tlA !(*@–u. Nsu9¬î5 kN3Jxaix3gu4 ticular development. sc3gcD8Nq7m5 Öà5gu4 nS5pymstcExu4 kNc3çymJ5 Nevertheless, hard work and much thought also went into wkdtq8i4, x7ml WJEstc3gns5hb x©t/symiK8i4 developing and allowing our region to grow, which was one of the bm5hms2 W?9oxtbsymizk5. reasons for Makivik’s creation. Here was a serious challenge:

ÖàZlx3tlA, WNhx7mEymifq8k5 whmZhx7mE5ymifq8kl how to build an economy that could let Nunavik stand on its own. magazine

eu3Dxq5 kNdt5ti4 WD3ty?9oxAtsoMs3g5, bm8Nl W5JtQ/symic3hi Makivik, which means the place to become upright or standing, mr{[s2 kwbsymAtz8k5. ßuz ñ1z/sJcExc3ym7àN: had a name to uphold. Not easy to accomplish when cultural val- mr[4f5 ck6 mrbZhxDt5ã5 ᐋ3eh3ymix3m¯b kN[7us5 w7uielt4 ues differ from those based on western values of profit-building, MAKIVIK 36 37 Wix3iK5 Piniarnivut

if3CA8NstQix3bzk5. mr{[f5, wµ4 grc3mb, if3C[4 individualism, exploitation, and economic growth. But we have NX5yxi3¬î5, xt5ncoMs3g6 vJytQxoui4. W/ExgÔZlx3tlA been up to the challenge, and perhaps even up to challenging the bm4fx wl3Dy3tk5 x5pQ/sqg5 g1z[Q/sQxc§ao3tlQ5 western notion of economic development. mfx çq3ifos3î5, xbsysˆ3t©î5, xgC5nys3î5, x7ml There are Inuit-owned co-op stores run by the Federation of mrbZhx3if5 WD3Xoxî5. ryxi bm4fx ñ1zA8Nymo3bK5, Co-operatives of Northern Quebec (Ilagiisaq - FCNQ), and creat- w7mç9l ñ1zyQxgw8NExc3gnso3hb ®Ns/tAÅ6 ed before our land claim treaty, the JBNQA. And of course, there mr2XoxZhx3ioEi3u4. are Air Inuit and First Air, which we own through Makivik. And is[3ix[c§ao3g6 wk8k5 N7uiE/sJi4 fxX4fi4 Makivik continues to manage other economic ventures such as in xsMbsic§i4 fÑ4 b3Czi wMŒn4fk5 kwbsym- the shrimp fishery, seal-oil production, shipping, fuel distribution, Ju4 kNÌChxDt5tk5 xqctŒ8icMs3tNA èuy Ñ2 and selling country food specialties to larger and newer markets. xqctŒ8icMs3tNA. x7ml5bs6 N7uic3uJA5 wkw5 More recently, just this past spring, Nunavik Creations was opened cz5bÔq8i4 Ó+5 wx4fil, N7uiK8i4 mr{[ftA5. x7ml as a new subsidiary of Makivik. It vitalizes the clothing industry in mr{[f5 ho vmQ/c§aq8Nu5ht4 xyq8i4 mrbZhxDt5ni4 Nunavik by using Inuit talent and expertise, and by exposing con- s5©tQlQ5 ra3Mix3iu4, Swps2 s3hzi4 ᐄZ5nos3î5, temporary to the outside world through the fashion sux3JxoEî5, s3hxloEî5, is3Dtc3iu9l iegw8Nn/i4 industry and the Internet.

øn dW3Dxl4 cspn3iu4 x3[bDtc3g6 wMc3hi Ù9 Syᐄu9l çp glZ3ul cspnExctQ5hQ5 kN[7u v?m5noEi3u4 eu3Dº5 gn3tyAtq5 kwbsMs3tlQi5. ISABELLE DUBOIS Lisa Koperqualuk doing the consultation tour with Paul Bussières and Harry Tulugak to consult the population following the tabling of the Nunavik Commission’s report.

iEZ5ni4 xqi3nk5 kÌai3nk9l is3Dy3[n3k5. c7usi3nf5, The economic challenge continues, for by no means are we sW3znsÜ8Ng6, kN[7u nNá5 is[3ix[zi4 s4fwbsJcMs3g6 near the capacity of sustaining our means of financial autono- tuxDdtQ/sixo3tlA mr{[j5. Ì4fx kw5yAts?9oxo3g5 my. New ideas and ventures continue to be sought out. More and kN[7u x8kÇi4 is[x5nc3iu4 xg3hQ5 wkw5 WJ8Ng5 more individuals are making contributions to the Nunavik econo- cspmiq9l, bf/st5hQ9l wkw5 x8kÇoxE§q5 yMÌiusk5 my as well. There are, for example, Inuksiutiit Foods in Kuujjuaq, yM3Jxusa7uJ3k5 x8kÇi4 bf5nst5yi4f5 x7ml cEbs/4f5 and Pitsituuq in Puvirnituq that both specialize in food resourc- w8gix5f5. es of Nunavik. mrbZhx3ioEi3u4 ñ1zyQxcq8NSA5, trstis/1qN5b More recently, however, for the benefit of community and ®Ns/tA5 w7uiestcD8NExu4. kÌ5 whmZhxC5ã WNhxZ5ãl economic and development in Nunavik, an agreement was struck ei3bsZhxq8Noµ3uJ5. xuh1aX9oxJ9l wk©ˆ3tgw5 between the Inuit of Quebec and the Government of Quebec. The gi3Dtcc5bX9oxJ5 kN[s2 mrbZhxDtz8k5. s5©tQlA, Sanarrutik Agreement dealt with longstanding implementation mfxa§ao3mb wk5ysᑏ5 is[3[z, W5y©6 S[3igü5g6 issues, and the funds received through this agreement are already

ie5ni4 is[x5nc§ao3mb kN[7usa5ht4. being put to work in the North. Through much of the development magazine

eu3Dxq5 c7usi3nf9o, ryxi, W?oAt5nq8k5 kNø5 x7ml process, there is also the goal of creating employment opportuni- ®Ns/tA5 mr2XoxZhxDt5nq8k5 kN[7u, xqctŒAtu4 ties for Inuit in the North, though it is not always easy. Economic mr[4f5 vJytbsJcMs3g6 fÑ4 wkq8kl fÑ4 v?mzk9l. Ì4fx development in Nunavik may continue as it may, and the progress MAKIVIK 36 37 Wix3iK5 Piniarnivut

kN[7u vt[4 kNooµ5 v?mz5b vt1zpÌEsDt[iq5 !(&*-at9lA FILE PHOTO Nunavik’s first Kativik Regional Government Council in 1978.

nN3Dt4 xqctŒAtq5 vmAtsMsJ5 xfixl4 xqctŒ8itA5 we have made so far give us reason to say “makitavugut”. And vJytbsQxc3ymJi4, x7ml ®Nsè5 W/sMsJ5 xqctŒAtsMs3gtA5 when the process leading us to a Nunavik government is realized, WNhAtsc5boᕇ3ht4 wkw5 kNzi. W?9oxt5y?9oxi5tA5, we will be prouder still. gÇZcc5bym7uJ5 kw5ylt4 wkw5 kNzi wkw5 WNhZ5nq8i4, The roles of promoting and protecting Inuit W/Exr5©ym1qvlx3ut9lA. ®Ns/tA5 mr2XoxZhx3i6 kN[7u interests remain as important as ever for Nunavimmiut, and vJyq8NMzJ5nsK6 ÖàAi, x7ml W?9oxtymo3bK5 µ8Nj5 Makivik continues to work in these areas. When, for example, tr5hA scD8NstQixo3bK5 wµ4, >mrbKA5>. x7ml bm8N the High Arctic relocatees demanded an apology and compen- kN[s2 v?mz5 kwbsoCb3X5, WJEstc3insQx9Mix3SA5 sation for the hardships they endured due to the government ho. lead relocation in 1953, x©t/sQxø5 v5hô5©5yNhx3iËozJ5 wkw5 wl3Dyzi4 it was Makivik’s respon- nS5pi3jl wkw5 WJm/q8i4 W7mEsi3Xsq8Ng5 ho sibility to ensure that kN[7usk5 x7ml mr{[f5 bm4fiz WNhxD5p§aq8Nu5ht4. their interests were rep- s5©tQlA, d5ygj5 xs9˜tb[î5 w˜isq©3bsAmicogx3mb resented. Through the xro3bsAmicogx3mbl x5hÎt[iq8k5 v?m4fk5 ª5tb[is5ht4 efforts of Makivik, those !(%#–at9lA, mr{[f5 vmQxc3ymJ5 w2WQ/st5yyxChx3ht4 Inuit relocatees earned WJ8Nstq5 r=Zg3bsyxClx3m¯b. mr{[f5 xJw8NymiztA5, compensation funds but Ö4fx wkw5 xs9˜tbsMs3g[î5 ®Ns/tA5 xro3bsA8NyMs3ymJ5 not the expected apolo- ryxi w˜isq©3bs/Zt4 iEsMsJZlx3ht4. b=Zi x3ÇAu gy. This year is the 50th

%) x3ÇAw5 xiA3ymo3g5 xs9˜tb[ist9lQ5. SAMMY KUDLUK anniversary of the relo- xyxi4 W7mEsic3uJu4 mr{[f5 vJq3ãAtc3ymo3uJ5 cations. bm5huz w?4vt5yi3u4 ej5yf5 hvostt5yic3ht4. bm8N Another vitally important project Makivik has promoted is w?4vi6 WzJQ/soMs3g6 x3ÇAbµ3ystQ/so3hi kwbsmJ6 that of the Ivakkak dog-team races. Ivakkak held its third edition mr{[ftA5 st3ty?9oxAts5hi ej5yi3u4. e7ugw8â5 of this recent annual event created through Makivik to promote gdC3bsMs3ymt9lQ5, xystbsvn[xl5ht4, v?m4f5 the return of traditional dog-teams. The husky dogs had been grÌ3b[ztÅ3uJ6, ho ckwym5/t8Nb. Öà7m5 s9lu, cjᑏ5 slaughtered, nearly extinguished, through another government ej5yDᑏ5 st3tbsymo3g5 e7ugw8NZã5 WctQymo3bK5 decision, made without our say. So, today we have the return of srs3bgusactQ5hQ5. the sled dog — the husky who has long been our companion in W5Jtsi3ni4 kwbJc3©Zlx6 scctŒAtQA8NbK8i4 wµ4 the Arctic. >mrbKA5>. xqJ7mE7u4 WJEstc3ymKA5 gi3DtQ/symo3gi4 Greater reasons exist for us to tell each other “makitavu- wªy5tk5 mr{[f8kgw8Nsym1qm5, ryxi bm4fkz wk©ˆ3tgk5 gut”. We have much to be proud of: the contributions made to

WNhx7mE5ym7mb kN[7u w7uA5 mrbA8Nyt5yht4. mr{[4 our society not only by Makivik, but by individuals who work hard magazine

eu3Dxq5 W?9oxt5ypsi3j5 nN3DtsK5, W?9oxA5phi nN3Dti4 at making Nunavik stand on its own. Makivik is the develpment s?5ti4 mrAt5nt8i4, x7ml @% x3ÇAw5 xiA3ymo3tlQ5 tool, developing the tools for us to makik, and after 25 years we mr[4f5 W5Jtc5yxo3tA scogxD5b wµ4, >mrbKA5>. have every reason to say “makitavugut”. MAKIVIK 38 39 wkw5 w3cgwpoEº5 vtmpxWq5

xîb fxbs2 x9Mb[iq5 Inuit Justice Committees

By Anita Gordon

w3cgwpoEº5 vtmpxWdtq5 kN[7u st3ty?9oxZhxo3gw5 The Justice Committees in Nunavik strive to bring back the wkw5 xsM5yAygczi4 w3cgwpoEi3u4, whmŒ8NhA s9lu Inuit traditional way of administering justice, keeping in mind Wsyso?o3g6. bm8N W5JtQ5hA to/smAtclxaxymJ5 today’s reality. The main mandate stemming from this is to ckwosctŒ8iyxa§j5 st3Xoxt5yZhx3ixlt4 kNø5 restore relationships within the communities and resolve con- wlxi grÌ3bsJcc5blil wkw5 ˆ7mQst1q©Atq8i4. flicts between people. The members of the Justice Committees w3cgwpoEº5 vtmpxWq5 kwbsym5/q5g5 w3cgwpsix3lt4 are not there to judge or replace the judicial system, but to wNœlt9¬î5 w3cgwpoE§i4, ryxi wvJDm5ht4 wk8i4 help Inuit to empower themselves by taking control of their own WJ8Nyt5yxChx3lQ5 xsM5yA8NytZhx3lQ5 N7ui6 Wâlbui4. problems. Success lies within the communities in which Justice bm8N kNo8k5 ryxi vJytbsic5yxD8NMzJ6 w3cgwpoEpi4 Committees reside. vtmpxW5bo8k5. The Quebec Ministry of Justice, the Community Justice fÑ4f5 v?mzb w3cgwpoEp7mEq9l, kNø5 Committee, and Makivik are in the process of negotiating the w3cgwpoEpq5b vtmpxWq9l, mr{[f9l xqctŒZ- procedures of the protocol agreement that would allow the hxDtc5boMs3g5 x©tZ5nªozJi4 bm5hjz x©tZ5nME8k5 crown prosecutor to divert cases to the Justice Committees. In xqctŒAt5nj5 bm4fx w3cgwº5 Xy5ypdtq5 the meantime, Justice Committees are involved in other activities nat5y§aA8NDt5nq8k5 Wi3lymJi4 w3cgwpoEº5 related to their mandates. vtmpxWq8ªElt4. µ8Nsizi, w3cgwpoEº5 vtmpxWq5 The six Justice Committees in Nunavik each have there own to/sAtQym/q8ªozJi4 WNhxgw8Nc5bg5. names to better demonstrate the goal and mandates of each. magazine eu3Dxq5

BOB MESHER vq3hus5 xrn3gwi3j5 vt1zpq5 wMQ/sK5 Wz§J3gk5 vtmpsctŒaJk5 kN[7u Kangirsuk’s Akisartuijiit Committee is one of six justice committees in Nunavik. mr[4f5 MAKIVIK

38 39 wkw5 w3cgwpoEº5 vtmpxWq5 Inuit Justice Committees

Wz§J3gi4 w3cgwpoEpi4 vtmpxWco3g6 kN[7u xgi5 x5ybsmJw8Nst9lQ5 bf5nst5yAtsic3ht4 Ì4fx xgi5 gÇZq8il to/smAtq8il. sfxa5ht4: « xsXl7u: xsXl7us5 w3cgwpoEpq5b vtmpxWQ5 Gx5ybsQxcq8Ng5H « S[3igu: hq3gwº5 vtmpxWq5 « n9li: f5nN1qg5 vtmpxWQ5 « dx3bu: wr5yº5 vtmpxWq5 « ƒ4JxÇW7u: vvst4 vtmpxWq5 « vq3hu: xrn3gwº5 vtmpxWq5 bf5nst5yQx9MAtQ/st9lA vtmpxᐲ5 to/smAtq8i4 xg3ht4 wo8ixtbsAtQym/ui4 bm5huz Ì?isi3n6 grÌEA5pA8Ni3u4 x7ml w3cgwpoEº5 vtmpxWq8k5

x©tZ5noxamJi4, wMc3tlQ5 wkw5 w3cgwpoE- SAROLLIE INUKPUK Aygcq8i4 tAuxᕇ3bui4, w3cgwpoEº5 vtmpxWq5 mfiz W/5nc3tbsm§5: These are: « vm5ht4 bà8i4 wk7mE8il s[4vi9l, Öàd/ • Aupaluk: Aupaluk Justice Committee (still to be deter- sogxCu4; mined) « wvJ3yht4 ˆ7mQst1qo3ymJ5 grÌ3bsQxcogx3mb; • Puvirnituq: Sungirtuijiit Committee « gryix3Xht9l wkgc3i5; • Salluit: Kutsananngitut Committee « grÌEA5pic3ht9l; • Quaqtaq: Ikitsijiit Committee « wMscbs§5 mun3ij5 x7mltbsoxk5 kNo8i mò{[u9¬î5 • Kuujjuaraapik: Kakautik Committee Gwkw5 Wsygczi4 xg3ht4H; • Kangirsuk: Akisartuijiit Committee « xyxÅ3tyZhx3ic§5 wvÔti4 Gw3cgwp4ƒtA8âhQ5 To further illustrate the Committees’ mandate using the wkoEp4ƒtA8âhQ9¬î5H; x7ml training they had on Advanced Mediation and on Procedures « hQx3bsJ5nsm¯5 w3cgwpk5 scD8Nht4. of the Justice Committee, along with the traditional knowledge wkgw8Noµ5yx5 g1zh5tÖ5 wvJ3bsAmgxDt4 nS7u/ they already hold, the Justice Committee members conduct the sicDmAt9l w3cgwpoEº5 vtmpxWq8k5, c5ygw8Ni4 following activities: srscClxDt4 xatsZlxDt4 • Interventions with both adult and young people, when x3NsZlxDt4, grymic3lt4 asked; wMscbs5yxExcMzQxu4 • Assistance in conflict resolution; WNhxcbs5yxlt9l w3cg- • Consult with elders; wpoEº5 vtmpxWq8k5. • Provide mediation; cspm/st5yÖoi3l §hQ/ • Participate in healing circles in the community or at a camp c3il wkw5 r1åmQ/q8i4 (using the Inuit traditions); W[r5©Atq8il yK9os/ • Provide alternative measures programs (as a diversion from smic5yx§5. w3cgwpoEº5 the court or social services); and vtmpxWq5 moZc§a7mb • Make sentence recommendations in court. x©t/sAygcs§i4 tAux5yxm- All Inuit are welcome to seek the help and support of a EZhx§ui4 §hQ9MEZhx3hQ5. Justice Committee, no matter what age or gender they are, with

SAMMY KUDLUK rNu4 Søy4foxDmJc1qX5, the understanding that they must be willing to participate and wkoEp4fªDmJc1qX9¬î5, cooperate with the Justice Committee. Confidentiality and respect w3cgwp4ƒDm1qX9¬î5, s{?¬8î5 nS7u/sQx9MgcDmix3X5 for people’s needs and limitations are a priority. The Justice WA5p[8k5 WA5/sZlx3ult4, w3cgwpoEº5 vtmpxWq5 Committees follow basic ethical codes and uphold them with the kwbsymJ5 wvJ3gnoxaym5ht4. w3cgwpoEº5 vtmpxWq8k5 utmost respect. The members of the Justice Committee are peo- wMsJw5 wvJDmic5yxg5 wªctui4 st3[stZhx3lQ5 ple who only want to help the Inuit regain hope and empowerment iEs8ic5yxi3u4 krc5yxi3ul kNoub wlxi. within their communities. xWEst5nc3iD5y scsy5ncD5y¬8î5 czgw8Nf5 s?8k5 If you have any questions or comments please feel free to sçMA8Nyx3Sy. contact me.

xîb fxb Anita Gordon

kNo8i w3cgwpoEi3u4 grjx5typ7mEz5 Community Justice Initiative Coordinator magazine

eu3Dxq5 y?iz: G*!(H (^$–@(@% Tel: (819) 964-2925 kN[7u xrc1qg6: !-*&&-^@%-$*$% Toll free in Nunavik: 1(877) 625-4845 mr[4f5 hv5gƒDtz: G*!(H (^$-@^!# Fax: (819) 964-2613 MAKIVIK 40 41 vt[s2 wkw5 wo8ixt5ypq8i4 wo8ixt5yAtq5: wo8ixioEis2 etz kN[7u

wnWx9 gSx x9Mbq5 KSB’s Inuit Teacher Training Program: The Backbone of Education in Nunavik

By Isabelle Dubois

lwn s{?s5 dx3bus6 wo5tst5nos3g6

MARY MARY AITCHISON wl3dy3u4 wo8ixtbsic3gi Louisa Oovaut of Quaqtaq cutting out a pattern during the culture class.

mr{[f5 sWA§tcMs3g5 @%–i4 x3ÇA3go3iui4 b=Zi Ôis2 As Makivik celebrated its 25th anniversary this past June, so did b3eEMs3bzi, Ì4fxl5bs6 W7mEsiccbs7uJ5 tusÔ5ht4 another important organization in Nunavik — the Kativik School kN[7u - vt[4 wo8ixioEi6. Ôi @!, !(&*–u, WNhxDyoµu Board (KSB). On June 21, 1978, just a week before Makivik came mr{[f5 x9MÌMs3tNQ5 ho, vt[4f5 tAy¯yMs3ymJ5 into office, KSB took over the Commission Scolaire du Nouveau- fÑ4 b3Czi swAw4f5 wo8ixioEizb Québec’s (CSNQ’s) mandate. The KSB has come to/smAtzi4. vt[4f5 xfixl4 wq3Cymo3g5 a long way since then, making sure that the Ömzi5, bm4fiz kN[s2 wkdtq8i4 Inuit of Nunavik receive proper education from wo8ixic5yxt5yZh5ht4 wl3Dyzk5 which their culture can blossom. In order to do WD3[sA8Nt9lA. ÖàosDm5ht4, vt[4f5 so, KSB knew how important it was to have cspmMs3ymJ5 W7mEsicExzi4 WJ8Nyx3gi4 qualified Inuit teachers who can not only teach wkgw8Ni4 wo8ixt5ypcExcMzizi4 in their natural language, but also help develop wo8ixt5yA8Nix3tlQ5 scsygcuigw8Nsq5g6 programs and materials in Inuttitut for the chil-

ryxil wvJ3ylt4 W?9oxtbsJc3tlA SAMMY KUDLUK dren to learn in a familiar environment. wvÔt5ni4 wo8ixDt5ni9l wk5t©3gi4 Founded in 1975, before the School Board Wxê5 wo8ix[c5yxtlQ5 wo8ix[7u wk5bo7u4. was even established, the Teacher Training Program, now adminis- WQx3tb[is5hi !(&%–u. vt[4f5 kwMs3tNQ5 ho, tered by KSB, continues to fulfill this goal. They make sure that Inuit wo8ixt5ypi4 wo8ixt5yi6, µ8Nf5 xsMbs§ao3g6 children can be taught in their own language, at least for the first vt[4fk5, ho vJyt5yq8Ng5 bm5hms2 gÇZzi4. Ì4fx couple years of instruction, and continue to improve their Inuttitut w2WQ/c§5 wkw5 Wxê5 wo8ixtbsiq8i4 N7ui6 language skills all the way from elementary to high school. It is scsyq5tA5, yK9oÙu m3Îi4 x3ÇAi4, x7ml WQs3ãNoµ3thQ5 most important that those teachers receive proper training, as our wk5tg5 scsyoEi3u4 S3gi3nj5 wo8ixZ3j5 trCb3hA. children’s future is very much in their hands. W7mEsi3XsK6 bm4fx wo8ixt5yº5 wo8ixtbs5yxExc3mb, With the growing number of children born each year in Nunavik, WxC5b yKi5nq5 Ì4fx x=Zq8îyx3mb. schools now, more than ever, need qualified Inuit teachers. Over 100 Wxê5 wªo3g5 kN[7u sk3y?9oxgw8Nt9lQ5, people have successfully completed the Teacher Training Program to wo8ixᕖ5 s9lu, sk3ini4 WJ8Nyx3gi4 wkgw8Ni4 obtain their Brevet d’enseignement du ministère de l’Éducation du wo8ixt5ypcExco3g5. !)) szÌk3gi4 wk8i4 Québec (provincial teaching diploma) as well as McGill University’s W/ᕇ3gc3ymo3g6 wo8ixt5ypsi3u4 wo8ixt- Certificate in Education for bsymJi4 Wtbs5ht4 swAw4f5 wob3ymstzi4 First Nations and Inuit, but ßuz Brevet d’enseignement du ministère de l’Education Nunavik is always in need of du Québec, x7ml5bs6 mrx9 wo8ix[3Jx2 more teachers. wob3ymstq8i4 wo8ixioEi3j5 wozJi4 Holding a teaching posi- x9Mk5 wk8kl, ryxi kN[7us5 Ömzoµ6 tion can be very rewarding. wo8ixt5ypi4 r1åm5yq8Noµq8Ng5. With the Teacher Training wo8ixt5yps2 WNhZzi4 tAux3gcDi Program, one can learn the

WAts7mExlA8Ng6. wo8ixt5ypi4 wo8ix- skills to become a teach- magazine Éb Ax5l ©E+ sw14Ml wo8ixt5yº5 eu3Dxq5 t5yAtc3tlA, wo5ytbsJcD8Ng6 wo8ixt5ypsAy3i4 wo8ixtbsic3tlQ5 Ö5hmi !(&^-at9lA FILE PHOTO er without setting foot kN[s2 yMÌk5 g9oMs3ymA8âli. >bm8N Ida Watt and Doris Winkler at a teacher-training outside of Nunavik. “It’s like event back in 1976. mr[4f5 wo8ix[7mE3Ô÷3g6 xr8Nc1q©5hi. xsMbsic3hi a university without walls. MAKIVIK 40 41 wkw5 wo8ixt5yº5 wo8ixtbsiz5 Inuit Teacher Training Program

Administered in association with McGill University, we have access to world class educators,” explains Mary Aitchision, the program’s director in Kuujjuaq. The courses are prepared by a team of McGill academic staff and senior Inuit instructors, who are graduates of the program, themselves. The result of this collaborative effort is that Inuit teach- ers-in-training can be taught in their mother tongue and receive courses that are adapted to Inuit ways of teaching. A trainee entering the Teacher Training Program spends the first year in the classroom with an experienced Inuk teacher. Some ISABELLE DUBOIS woãpsQs3ng5 Learning to be teachers. courses are given throughout the school year during pedagogical days. But the teachers-in-training obtain most of the 60 credits WNhxcbst9lQ5 mrx9 wo8ix[3Jxzk5, W[5ncD8NgA5 required to graduate from the program during summer and winter yM3Jxusi4 wo8ixt5ypQ/sA8Ngk5,> gryt5yQxDtQMs3bz sessions held in a different community each time. One can expect uxp É5yn8, vJy4Üps2 wvJ3tzb ƒ4Jxu. to get their diploma within four years, while working as a teacher wo8ixC5ã5 X3Nbs§aK5 mrx9 wo8ixioEpq5b and attending these sessions in full. WNh5tq8k5 S3gi3nk9l wk8k5 wo8ixt5ypk5, W/ᕇ3ymJi4 The training sessions, which last seven to eight days in the wo8ixtbsAtQym/ui4. Ì4fx WNhxctŒAtQ?5bq5 winter, and up to 3 1/2 weeks during the summer, are intensive. kw5yAtsymJ5 bm4fx wkgw8â5 wo8ixt5yº5 Sarah Airo, who now works as a training counsellor, says, “I look wo8ixtbsA8N§ao3mb scsy3ui4 xg3ht4 wo8ixtbs§a5ht9l forward to going every year. It’s like a reunion. There is a tremen- wonC5ni4 wk8k5 xgC5noxaymJi4. dous atmosphere.” wo8ixt5yº5 wo8ixtbsAtz8k5 WQx3gcygx3m5 yK9oÙu wo8ix[7üQxc§6 wMc3hi wo8it5ypsŒ3gu4 wk5tgw8Nu4. wMzi wo8ixtbsic§5 x3ÇAu wo8ixt5yº5 vtmic3tbsogx3mb. ryxi wo8ixt5ypsQs3nJ5 Wtbs- i3ns§5 ^)–i4 wobE/sAti4 sW3¯f9l srs4fl wo8ixtbsicogx3mb x5pŒqgi4 kNo8i vJytbs?5gi4. wo8ixtbsJ5 wobE/sAtÌD8Ny§5 ybmi4 x3ÇAi4 wo8ixᕇ3ymogxCu4, WNhxZc3lt4 wo8ixt5ypsi3u4 wo8ixtbsi3kl Éyà8Nc5bgxCu4. wo8ixt5yî5, &–i9¬î5 *–i9¬î5 s9lg§a5ht4 srsaogx3m5, x7ml Wzhi4 et3cu9lFN2Xu9l WNhxDy3i4 sW3¯ao3m5 WNhx3bsmEQxc§5. yx/ ÉD, wo8ixt5ypi4 wvJ3tsi3u4 WNhxZco3g6, sc3ymJ6 wµ4, >x3ÇAbµ5 wkw5 woãº5 wMs/3gymJ5 gi3bix3gk5 er3bu GÌ8N iEs8ic§aKz wo8ixEx˜Exu4. vtQx9Mic3gÔ÷§aZ5b. er3b6 n9lw5 kNoz8i5 szy5©q5g6H ISABELLE DUBOIS vtmstogxCu v5hô5gmEs§a7mb.> Inuit educators taking part in an archaeology class at Qikirtaq (an wo8ixtbsic§5 mfiz cExu4 wo8ixt5yp, wk5tg5 island near Salluit). scsyoEp, tuu4 wòon3typ, x9M[7u4 WNh5t, wo8ixti4 wvJ3ᑏ5 W9lfQxo8i4 wo8ixt5ypsi3u¬8î5. sk3iã5 wo8ixZ5ã5 One can train to become a homeroom teacher, an Inuttitut lan- yf5n/oEi3nsZlx3tlQ5, woñ5 wobE/sAtÌD8NuJ5 wl3Dyui4 guage specialist, a Physical Education teacher, an administrator, WNhxZcgxDt4 mfiz u3hi3i4, WsJ1axi4 xgZ1axos3iu4, a student counsellor or a special educator. Although most courses nN3Dtos3iu4, vb5/i3ux˜5. wo8ixtbsic§a7uJ5 w7uÅ3tbsJi4 are academic, trainees also earn credits by practicing their cultural wªyoEi3j5 mfiz w7uix3ii4, w5yA3il8iu4, xz÷8NgoEi3u skills such as sewing, designing jewelry, making tools, and throat x7ml WQxc5bi3u4. singing. There are also workshops to address social issues such as wkw5 wo8ixt5yº5 wobE/sAtÌ3ymJ5 wo8ixtbsicy§5 suicide, sexual abuse, substance abuse, and violence. m3D[5ht4 x3ÇAbµ5 kN[7u wà5gu4 WZhx3ht4 Bachelor of Inuit teachers who have obtained the diploma can then take Education degree. (B. Ed.).–j. courses twice a year in Nunavik towards a Bachelor of Education sk3iq5 wkw5 W/ᕇ3ymo3g5 wo8ixtbsi3u4, µ8Nf9l degree. (B. Ed.). wo8ixt5ypsi3u4 WNhZc§ao3g5 x9M[7ul xsM5yps§ao3g5, The number of Inuit who have graduated from the program, bf5nst5yA8No3g5 wo8ixt5yis2 W5yxmE8izi4. uxp É5yn8 and who now occupy key teaching and administrative positions, is scMsJK6 wµ4, >woãi6 x5pQ/sq©t5yAts9ME§aK6.> certainly a measure of the program’s success. As Mary Aitchison

gryQx9MDmA5y bm4fx wkw5 wo8ixt5yº5 points out, “Training does make a difference.” magazine

eu3Dxq5 wo8ixtbsiq8ªozJi, sçMA8NSy vt[4 wo8ixioEis2 For further information on the Inuit Teacher Training Program, wo8ixt5ypoE[zk5 cspn3[zk9l ƒ4Jxu5gj5 sKz G*!(H please contact the Kativik School Board’s Training and Research mr[4f5 (^$–@$!@ scomly. Department in Kuujjuaq at: (819) 964-2412. MAKIVIK 42 43 ƒ4Jxu sux4f[5Ìc7uü5g[î5 emstctŒ5g5 Everyone departed from Kuujjuaq’s sheltered new breakwater facility. HARVEY MESHER

w3csmN3gu4 mr{[s2 WNh5tq5 A Memorable Employee Day s9lc3tbsiz5 for Makivik Workers

b=Zi Jä @–u5 $–j5 x5pQ/sqgu4 Wix3ic3[sMs3g6 This past July 2nd to 4th was a very special time for many of xuh7mE8k5 mr{[s2 WNh5tq8k5 m8gpx2 x9M[zi Makivik’s employees from the Montreal office. These workers sel- WNhx3[c§5 wMscbst9lQ5. bm4fx WNh5ᑏ5 wkw5 dom have an opportunity to travel to the Inuit territory, and for kNzªD8N[c5yxMs3ymZt4 wMq5 yK9oÙu ƒ4JxoxEsMs3g5 some it was their first time in Kuujjuaq — the home of Makivik’s - mr{[s2 x9M[7mEzb xq3Czk5. head office. S˜Ex3gcMsJK6 WNh5ti4 ®Ns/oE[7j5, Wd/oE[7jl The visiting, mostly financial, legal, and administrative work- x9M[7ul xsM5ypMÏi4 eu3Dtbs5ht4 kNo8îgi4, k3c[c3ht4 ers were given a tour around the community, stopping by local kNø5 x9M[q8i4 whxdtq8il sfk1zht4 kN[s2 offices and facilities such as the Nunavik Research Centre, the cspn3[zb x9M[zk5, wcl2Wi4 WD3¥[7j5, kÌk5 wkw5 charr hatchery, new housing construction sites, and finally to w9lnq8k5 x7ml kN[7u nNá5 is[3[zk5 is[Ex3ht4 Nunavik Creations boutique to buy souvenirs for loved ones at bf¿5nZM8i4 N9oQ/3uªC5nui4 xq3Cui. home. e5ÖzN3iXsMsJ6, Jä #–u, mr{[f5 wcl8ixt5y- Most exciting, on July 3rd, was that the Corporation organized Qx3gMsJ7mb ƒ4Jx2 ƒzk5, bm4fx wMsÔcbsqg5 a fishing trip on the Koksoak River, ensuring that all non-beneficia- WtbsQxc3tlQ5 wcl8ixD8Nsti4 kNu4 tAux3tf9l ries first acquired the necessary fishing license and landholding magazine eu3Dxq5

Wb ᐋbus2 xdwm[z WNh5ᑏ5 vtctŒ8ic3izk5 x5pcMs3ym1qgj5 wi5yxmEx¬MsJK6 BOB MESHER Pita Aatami’s cabin site proved to be an ideal setting for the special employee day. mr[4f5 MAKIVIK

42 43 s9loµ5yxu wcl8ixMs3hi, kN4fÔ4f5 x9Mdti4 gipv5bt, uyx9 Xº wcl2Wi4 ßmJi4 bf8Ns÷ZsZ3g6 kN[7u cspn3iu4 WA5p[s2 xsMAt5noEp ñ8g/ W5¥i kt9oyxv9˜l7u4 wcl5ymJ6 wm3usboE[zi SAMMY KUDLUK BOB MESHER Travel agent, Sandra Piccini reeled in a nice-sized trout. After a full day of fishing, dispatch driver, Michel Pagé admires live Arctic char subjects in the Nunavik Research Centre’s aquarium.

wcl8ixD8Nstq8i4. yM5yxmEx¬MsJJ6 xî3tbsic3tlQ5, fishing permit. The weather was perfect for the occasion, with a ye8ihil xkE5hil r5gExc3Nq5gu4. xoxhxj5 òZo/3gi4 sunny sky and just enough wind to keep the mosquitoes away. gñNc5boMsJ6 yˆi, wysCo5Ìi9l nmi9l ryJcc5bo3m5 Screams of excitement were heard along the shore, as trout and wex5bstq8i4Fwc¬/Dtq8i4, wMq5 x8âc5bClx3tlQ5 salmon bit onto the lures, with some escaping while others were xyq9l W/sc5but9lQ5. brought ashore. wcl8ixî9l xyq9l yMu hc5yAbs§5 x©t/s7mE§aK5 Fishing and other such outdoor activities are common for ƒ4Jxusk5 ryxi W9MEsi3XsJ6 bm4fkz kNo3JxusaJk5. Kuujjuaq residents but a luxury for those who live in the city. The W/si3XsJcMs3g6 bfQxu4 bm4fiz c9lˆiusi4 WNh5ti4 biggest reward was to see these southern staff members— some - wMq5 w3cnMs3ymqg5 - kˆEogx3mb ßmJi4 wcl8i4. who had never fished before — as they reeled in a lively fish. A R!)) ÌMi4 n{?boZ3gcMs3g6 wnWx9 ©Sxu4 ƒ4Jx2 prize of $100 was won by Isabelle Dubois from the Kuujjuaq office x9M[ziusu4 xqi3ÙoZDtzk5 for catching the largest fish, while Angelo wcl7u4, Ì8Nl ᐋ8pl mixb m8gpxu Manetta from the Montreal office got x9M[zius6 R%).)) ÌMi4 Wt9lA. $50.00 for catching the smallest. wcl8ixᕇgxCu4, wl8Nt4 vtm- Following the fishing trip, everyone icoMsJ7uJ5 mr{[f5 nNpq5b xq3Czi got together at the Makivik construction iE[zî5ht4 iE7µic3ht4, xuhw9l camp mess hall for a big supper, boosted wJebc5boMs3ht4, d[xhx5ht9l, by many laughs, cheers, and tales of “the si4Ïht9l >Ö5huz x8â/[i3u4>. bm8N one that got away”. The occasion was wcl8ixi6 N7mˆ3iXsMs3g6 Ùn c9lj5, especially appropriate for Pasha Hubloo, Övi5ãN6 s9lu wªo3[ysMsJ7m5. whose birthday fell on the same day. µ8Nf5, ƒ4Jx2 WNh5tq5 scct- Now, when the Kuujjuaq staff commu- cogxCu4 m8gpx2 WNh5tq8i4 cEbs/ nicate with the Montreal staff by email, 3tA5, xsMp5yxi3ns?8ixo3gA5 ®Nq8i4 we will have a better memory of the face Wsyq8il ˆ7mˆ3ymJi4 cEbs/3tA5 and the personality that matches their yMtQ§q8k5. x7ml5bs6, Ö4fx c9lˆi email address. Furthermore, when those WNhxZc§5 X3âiogxCu4 WNhxC5ni4 who work in the South prepare files for wk8kxzJi4, µ8Nf5 scD8No3g5 the Inuit, they can now say they have vis- S˜Ex3g[isymiC3lt4 kN[7j5 - Ö4fiz ited Nunavik — the homeland of those they WA5p§u8i4. Nf3übslxaxg5 m8gpx2 serve. Special thanks are extended to the WNh5tq5 wMscbsAmMs3g5 bm5hjz Montreal staff who agreed to participate in WNh5ᑏ5 s9lc3tbsAtz8k5 WsJu4 kJx3bi4 ßmJi4 cspn3t, ᐋo4+ fxb, the special employee day with such good wcl7u4 w3CᕖèAtu4 bf8Nt5yAtc3g6 W1axic5yxht4, Wlx3gu9l mr{[s2 vt- BOB MESHER sportsmanship, and especially to Makivik’s xsM5yioEis2 x9Mtzi4, Awi urÔu4. mpq5 vtmic3tyA8NyMs3gi4 WNh5toµi4 Wildlife technician, Alix Gordon, board of directors who permitted such inte- eu3Dxq5 kN[9lg3u. ra9oÙul Nf3übsJ6 demonstrates the technique of cleaning gration of all staff within Nunavik. Finally, Wb ᐋbu xdwm[Q§uª3tyymMs3m5 fish to administrative secretary, Winnie thanks to Pita Aatami for hosting everyone Mickeyook.

mr[4f5 wcl8ix[Q§uk9l. at his cabin and fishing berth.. 44 x3ÇAi @%-i x5pos3bsc5bymJ5 25 years in Pictures mr{[f5 xuh3JxÇl8i4 x5posEc5bymK5 Öm1z5 fÑ4 Makivik has accumulated thousands of photographs b3Cz8i wkw5 vg5pctŒQx1zyMs3ym7mbi. bm4fx that date back to around the time of the Northern x5pax5Fx5pdᑏ5 x5poxac5bymJ5 W5Jtclx1axht4 Quebec Inuit Association. These photos have been tak- eu3Dxil x3ÇAoµul WNhx3bsJ[i3i4 gn3tyAti en mainly for the purpose of publishing in magazines and kwtbsi5nui4. Öà4vlx3tlQ5, Ì4fã8Nsq5g5 mr{[s2 annual reports. However, other Makivik departments WA5p[q8i WNh5tsJ5 x5posEc5bymQK5 WNhx3bui4 have also taken photos over the years to document their N9osi3ysDtc3iu8i Wix3ic3ht4. activities. xf5gJu4 bm4fx x5pax5 wi9MbsZhxc5bymJ5 A few efforts have been made over the years to Wsox3bsi5nuA5. ryxi xyq5 yK9ospZ5ã5 organize and properly archive this collection. But with kw4fxl2Xt9lQ5, whx3gu4 other priorities, no defin- Wsox3yAt5n6 wi9MbsA8Ny- itive method has been Ms3ym1qg6. bm8NsZlx3tlA established to organize s9lusJ6 cEbs/tA5 WNhxD- and access the collection. tco3tlA xJ3ND8âosuymo3g6 With digital technology it x5paxi4 cEbs/DtªèQxu4 has become more feasible yKiE/st9lA x5paxi4 WJm/sJi4 to scan the photos with the Niy5nstQA8Ni6, Öàbst9lQ9l aim of creating a database x5pax5 tA9M/sc5bi3uk5 h4f- to more easily find the pho- X9oxic1qM5. x7mlQx9M4 ho tos a person is looking for, s9lusJ6 wkw5 x5posDtc3Xo3S5 while preventing the original cEbs/j5 wo5nstQA8Ngi4, photos from being dam- Öà5gk9l x5posDtk5, x5p- aged due to over-handling. µys Ù5gº mr{[f5 x5paxi4 Wsox3y[zî5hi. ax5nè5 xu§o3tDtq9l, BOB MESHER Furthermore, it has become b3Co÷Dt4ƒg5n/q9l x5pax9l Mathew Partridge at the Makivik Photo archive. more common for people to yf5n/ü5g5 WbcD8âX9oxo3S5. take original photos using bm8N whmQ5hA, µys Ù5gº WNhA5pp5nÌamJ6 digital cameras, such that negatives, slides, and prints wi9äic˜3tlA cEbs/Ëèlil mr{[f5 will become less and less common. x5paxdtq8i4, cEbs/üo3Xbl xu§o3tliQ5 With this in mind, Mathew Partridge has been con- xyzk5 Wsox3y[7j5 Wsox3bs˜3tlQ5 cEbsè5 tracted to organize and scan Makivik’s photo collection i5/Dts/q8il iW5n/il. Ömo x5paxdtQ/sJoµ5 and back them up through digital media such as on CDs Wsyc§a7mb bm4fx x5paxdtsJ5 xuhv9˜lw5 or tape. As with any photo collection, at first glance many x5pax5yxÇWs5/q5g5. xuhv9˜lw5 kwb5yxq7mb of the pictures seem to be of little value. There are many, wMq9l x5pos3bsJ5n[is÷1qg5. bm4fx Öà4vlx3tlQ5 for example, that are out of focus, or that show certain x5pax5 WsÔ/1qvlxCu4 w9oN3©A8Ng6, ß5©tQlA individuals with less than flattering expressions. However, kwb[sA8NuQxz w9lj5 NXA8âymo3gj5 s{?¬8î5 even a photo that seems to be worthless at first glance kNs2 ckw5©i[izk5 kN xy5pymo3tlA s{?ll8î5 may be valuable; for example if it shows a building or an wªA8âymo3g5 x5poxacbsymA8Nu5ht4. bmguz area that has changed over time, or if it shows persons WNhx3is2 W9MEsAtQlx1axMz/z wµ4 bm4fiz who have deceased since the photo was taken. Most x5paxdti4 Wsox3yNhx3isJ6 W5yxym7mEZhx3ixm5 importantly, we will be judicious in preserving this collec- yKi5ti ra?5tk5 bf/sJ8Nc5byx˜3gi4. tion to be enjoyed and valued by generations to come. bm8N WNhx3bso3tlA whmQ7uhQ5 mr{[f5 x3ÇA3i Meanwhile, with Makivik’s 25th anniversary in mind, @%-i4 xiAwiEo3bz5, x5paxi4 bmgj1zozJ5ni4 we have selected the following series of photographs kx5yymJA5 kwbt5yAtQ˜Dm5hQ5 Ì4fNi x3ÇAi as samples of some of the key events that have been x5poxaosu÷3g[i3i4. mr{[s2 S3gi3nEc5bym/q5 recorded by the camera over this past quarter-century. Nf3üDm/K5 xyq9l Wix3ioEi3u4 yKocbsc5bymJ5 We also wish to thank the former Makivik executives as si4vsy3by3gwiEMsJ/q8k5 bm4fx x5pax5 well as the other political leaders who have contributed

si4vsy3bq8i4, Ì4fx si4vsyq5 wMQ/stZ5tQ5 their congratulatory comments, which we have added to magazine x5paxi4 kwbt5yi3tk5, enhance this photo essay. MAKIVIK

45 x5paxtA5 si4Ï5

ño Ax5 ño Ax5 mr{[j5 yK9oXs5hi xzJçmEQ/ symK6 !(&*–u5 !(*@– j5, x7ml ho !(*(–u5 !((#–j5 x7ml mr{[j5 x9Mt7mEQ/s5hi !(**–u. Ì8N to/sMs3ymJ6 vNbs2 Wd/os3tmEq8k5 !(*$–u x7ml fÑ4usk5 wobE/-

s7mE8ic3ym5hi !(($–u. FILE PHOTO

!(&*-at9lA S[3igus2 wk5tg5, mr{[4 grc3S6 Wosut5yi3u4, s[Z3gw5 Ìiy3ᑏ5. Ìiy3i6 W?9oxt5y[sA8Ngu4 xKzsosut5yQx3iu9l. x7ml Övi kNo7u W9MEs5hi hc5yAt5yxaq8ˆg6. xKzsosut5yymo3hz x3dtQhA wkw5 tudtz s?zl 1978: A group of young xy4vl kwMs3ym/K8i4 @% x3ÇAw5 yKixÅoE3g6. dancers in Puvirnituq. Dancing WJ8NyymKA5 m3Dwi4 cz5bÔdbsJi4, xqctŒZhxDtc3hbl is still a very important activity for the youth in that xy5pbsdp5hb vNbs2 Wd/3Jxzi4 nS5/smdp5hb wkw5 community. WJ8Nstq8i4, W?9oxt5yhbl kNo5ti4 xyst5yÖo5hbl scsyK8i4. ryxi xy5pX9oxi3üo3tlb, wMscbsyQxc3SA5

x8NsmAt5nt8k5. kN3JxusactŒ5 ˆ7mnst1qiq8k5 FILE PHOTO w3csmtbsKA5 Ì4fgxaqQx5ti4 b=Zi yM3Jxu x7ml !(&*-at9lA, mr{[f5 ®Nsè5 bs3¥v5bDbsiq5b vb5ymiq8k5 h3Cbsmpxc3hb x9M[7mE3ç[iz5 ƒ4Jxu ®Ns/dt5ti4. vNbs2 v?mz5, Wd/os3iuA5 1978: Makivik’s original head drstoEi3j5 x7ml ßmJi4 y3ˆtk5, hJwA5/so3gA5 office in Kuujjuaq. WJ8Nst5ti4. fÑ4f5 kN[7usi4 ®Ns/c3tyi3ui4 NÜQxgw8NExø5. âˆ3lA, s0pDh5yxExc3gA5, x5hÎtK9l vJyq8Nic3hi. !(&(-at9lA sN >µ5nycst> w9l ƒ4JxÇW1u iE[sc5bymJ6 Ats9l scsyq8i4 WNhx3[shi 1979: This “matchbox” house in Charlie Watt served as Makivik Corporation’s first Kuujjuaraapik was used as a canteen president from 1978 to 1982, then again from 1989 to and a Bible shop. 1993, and served as the corporate secretary in 1988. He was

appointed to the Senate of Canada in 1984 and was made an ALEC GORDON ALEC officer of the Order of Quebec in 1994.

In English, Makivik means enhancement, the opportuni- ty to develop and progress. And progress has been achieved through the Inuit organization I and others set up some 25 years ago already. We acquired two airlines, we negotiated changes to the constitution of Canada to protect our Inuit rights, we developed our communities and we preserved our ALEC GORDON language. But in times of change, we must adapt to survive. International tensions remind us that we are not alone on !(&(-at9lA. wkw5 xuh5 xsMp/c3S5 ƒ4Jxu sl5÷lsiEMs3ym/ui4 !(&(-u this planet and financial market crashes have affected our 1979: Many in Kuujjuaq remember 1979 as the year of the flood. heritage fund. The Government of Canada, by legislation on firearms and on cruelty to animals, is eroding our rights. Quebec could cut back funding for Nunavik. In short, we must remain vigilant, our struggles continue.

eu3Dxq5 !(*)-u mr{[f5 xfo[x3ymJ5 1980: A Makivik FILE PHOTO mr[4f5 field trip in Akulivik.

46 PHOTO ESSAY

Ìu ®8 Ìu ®8 mr{[f5 xzJ3çmEzk5 gzoE/symJ6 yK9oXs5hi !(*^–u5 !(**–j5 x7ml s9lu kN[7usk5 xsM5yp7mEQ/s§ao3hi.

Nf3nmE2Sz WJEstc3hzl mr{[f5

FILE PHOTO trstA8Nymo3mb @%–i4 x3ÇA3go3iuk5. WNhx7mEc5bymo3A5 Öf1zChx3hb. !(*)-at9lA mr{[f5 x3ÇAbµ3ystu8i4 vtmi7mEc3g5 vq3hxl4Jxu wvJ3hQ5 wkw5 w7ui3hD8NytZhx3hQ5 1980: Makivik annual general meeting in x7ml wªyc5yxtZhx3hQ5 mr{[f8k5 Kangiqsualujjuaq. WNhxZE/symJ5. wMscbsJoµ5 WNhx7mEc5bymJ5, bm8Nsq8Nhil s9lu. !(*!-at9lA WJEstc3Sz S3gi3ã5 vJytymo3bq8i4 x7ml Ömzoµ6 mr{[f5 x3ÇAbµ3ystu8i4 WNhx3ic§a7mb to/smAtui4 - yKj5 wkdtK5 Wsi3nüd9lQ5. vtmi7mEc3g5 µ8Nf5 Ì4fx nS7u/sic5yxo3g5 wk8k5 Ì4fiz WA5pic3ht4. ƒ4Jxu wMzi yKixÅymJ6, wkw5 xbsy1aMs3ymÔ÷ym1qg5. 1981: Makivik annual general vtmpscsbymKz wkw5 vg5pctŒ8izk5 !(&*–u. meeting in vg5pctŒ8if5 s9lq8ît9lQ5 ho, mr{[4 fxSᕇn1aMs3tNA, Kuujjuaq. gÇZK5 trstMs3ymMzÔ÷3ym1qbK5. s9luo, WJ7mEsymo3dA5 x5hD3Ng4ƒhb x{[xlb4ƒmE5hbl. WJEstc7mE2Sz s9lj5 trstymoExu4. Nf3üDtcEKz wvJcsbymQxu4 wiQc5bym/4vî5hz

FILE PHOTO FILE x7ml gi3DycbsymJE5hz x5pQ/sqgD3tycbsymQxu4. nS7uKz Ü9lgw5hzl S3gi3ni4 vtmpi9l vJydp5hz WNhx3bsJi4 yKi5nËozJi4, trbs?8ixClx3Xb x5hD3Ngk5 yKi3u. ᐋò9˜, @%–i4 x3ÇA3gymo3SA5¡

Tommy Cain Tommy Cain was Makivik’s First Vice-President in 1986 to 1988 and now serves as a Nunavik Governor.

I am extremely thankful and proud that Makivik has been able to reach it’s 25th anniversary. We have worked very hard to get here. Helping Inuit to become independent and to have a better FILE PHOTO life has been part of Makivik’s job. It has been hard work for all !(*!-at9lA kNu4 tAux3ᑏ5 vtmi7mEc3g5 wk5Jxu involved, and still is to this day. 1981: A landholding corporation meeting in Inukjuak. I am proud of what the executives have achieved and that they are always working towards their mandate — towards the betterment of the people. They now have the support of the peo- ple and are working for them. At times in the past, it seemed like we wouldn’t become unified. I was a director for the NQIA in 1978. Back in the NQIA days, before it evolved into Makivik Corporation, our goals seemed impossible. Today, we have made great achievements through all the hardships and many obstacles. I am very proud that we’ve

ISAAC ANOWAK been able to make it this far. I am also thankful that I was able to help in !(*@-at9lA: g¿l4 is[3bsMs3ymJ6 ª? yfyxu5, the capacity that I did and I feel that I’ve con- trMs3ymK3l dx3bj5 s9lf5 tributed to making a difference. I support and etCoᕇ3ymo3tlA s5gWE encourage the executives and board members !-u F x5pax4 Gbm3u4H x5pox[isÔ4 Én xkÛ3j5 to continue with the work they do for our future, magazine 1982: Tuuvaluk was purchased even if they encounter hard times ahead. Hey, from Nova Scotia, and arrived in ISAAC ANOWAK we’ve made it to 25 years! the community of Quaqtaq on the afternoon of October 1st. MAKIVIK 47 x5paxtA5 si4Ï5

!(*@-at9lA wkw5 yKo3tq5 ᐋgÛox3ymJ5 vNbs2 v?m4fq5b Wix3ioE[z8i uxp ãm8 gn3bstQx3gym5ht4 1982: Inuit leaders in uxp ãm8 mr{[f8k5 Ottawa for a House of x 9 M t 7 m E s M s 3 y m K 6 Commons standing !(&*–u, xzJçmEs5hil committee on Indian Affairs and Northern !(*#–u5 !(*%–j5 x7ml Development. xzJçmE7j5 gzoo3eE/s5hi !(*)–u. Ì8N s9lu vNbs2

v?mzk5 r=ZE/so3g6 yM3Jx2 FILE PHOTO FILE v5pziusaioEi3j5.

xuh7mᕇ5 xy5pymo3S5-x3ÇAw5 #) xiA3tlQ5. wMq5 xy5pic3g5 WsÔymJ5 ryxi ho W/ExgJi4 grÌEQxcq8N§aJA5. n1zyKA5 grÌ3bsQxo8i4 xsM5èmE8icMzJi4 wobE/si5ti4 wkgw8Nsi5tA5. s[4Ü5 r9oc5yxgu4 ñ1zyo3g5 xuh7mE8i4 W/ExgJ7mE8i4, ryxi ñ1zyq8Nu5ht4 kÌi4 W[5nsA8No3gi4 kwbMs3ym1qgi4 s[4vst9lz kN[7u. FILE PHOTO xqctŒZhxDtc3il wi9äi3l N7ui6 v?m5nu4 yK9oXs5/sJcExco3g6. Nl1qMz N7ui6 !(*#-at9lA vNbs2 v?mzb xzJ3çEMs3ym/z5 Pierre Elliot TrudeauFWᐋ3 wox5 gD©, vq3hox3ym5hi v?mcD8N˜Ex5ti4. bm8N ra?Ms3ymixqg6. W7mEsK6 1983: Canada’s former prime minister, Pierre Elliot Trudeau, in Kangirsuk. bm5huz ˆ7mˆ3tyQxc3iK5. kw5yQxc3SA5 v?mu4 nS5pymix3gu4 WJ8NstK8il wobE/smAtK8il r9oc3[cD8Ngu9l wkdt5ti4 hNgw8Noµ5yxk5. yKo3yi5tk5 s9lu, bys3tsQxc3SA5 w5/C5nslbl s[4vdt5tk5 Ì4fx yKi5nu yKo3tnEZ5tQ5.

Mary Simon served as Makivik’s corporate secretary in 1978, corporate president from 1983 to 1985, and as second vice-president in 1980. She is presently Canada’s Ambassador

for Circumpolar Affairs. FILE PHOTO

!(*#-at9lA: kN[7u kN3ctŒa1qg5 cr3iu4 Many changes have taken place in the last 30 years. WytsostAtcEx1zc5bo3tlQ5; bys/3us5 Some changes have been good, but we continue to have xrCc3ht4 ƒ4Jxusi4 difficult issues to resolve. We are faced with decisions that 1983: One of Nunavik’s first intercommunity hockey tournaments: Tasiujaq verses Kuujjuaq. will have a profound effect on our identity as a people. The youth are clearly facing many difficulties, but they are also faced with new opportunities that did not exist when I was a youth in Nunavik. Negotiating and settling self-gov- ernment is clearly a priority. I am sure we will have our own government. It is never too late. What is important is that we get it right. We must set up a government that protects our rights and identity and is accountable to our people in every aspect.

As leaders of today, we must be !(*$-at9lA: wkw5 mentors and act as role models to our vt1z/3gymJ5 wkgò5

eu3Dxq5 youth, who are our future leaders. vtmiz8k5 wk5Jxu 1984: Delegates on an elders’ conference in FILE PHOTO mr[4f5 Inukjuak.

48 PHOTO ESSAY

!(*$-at9lA: vNbs2 s9lzi4 N9osi3ysic3tlQ5 ƒ4Jxu: ÷p JxNyl Ì[t dqx3l, Sxy y3dxl9l, ño Ax5l x7ml f¬5 Ï5Sx x5pos3bsctŒaJ[î5. 1984: A Canada Day bicycle race in Kuujjuaq: George Johannes, David Koneak, Poasie Sequaluk,

FILE PHOTO Charlie Watt, and Claude Gadbois.

!(*$: ƒ4Jxu vt1zJ5 scctŒAtc3ht4 r9ois2 kNo5Ìc7unzi4 1984: A meeting in Kuujjuaq to discuss plans for a new community at Killiniq.

!(*$-at9lA: Ei o{ë4 w8ixymJ6 FILE PHOTO S[3igj5 à b3ez xg3tlA 1984: René Levesque KEN JARARUSE KEN visited Puvirnituq in May. FILE PHOTO

!(*%-at9lA: vNbs2 v?mQMs3ym/

z5b xzJ3çEMs3ym/z Sèx8 m9Îi FILE PHOTO É5gyx3btbsAtui4 tAyJ6 ƒ4Jxj5 magazine w8ixymAtui !(*%-at9lA: wo8ixi3ËozJi4 e7mdt5nos3g5 ƒ4Jxu, Ö5hmi5ãN6 vt[4 1985: Former Prime Minister Brian Mulroney kNooµ5 v?mz5b x9M[7mE5nz5 nN/sMs3ymJ6 kwbJ6 x5pox[isJ5 szÌi accepts a gift while visiting Kuujjuaq. 1985: An education symposium was held in Kuujjuaq, while the KRG office building was under construction in the background. MAKIVIK

49 x5paxtA5 si4Ï5

v4ri6 NlwJ6 Kakkiniq Naluiyuk v4ri6 NlwJ6 mr{[fi Kakkiniq Naluiyuk served as Makivik’s vice-president from xzJçmE7j5 gzoE/sMs3ymK6 1979 to 1981. !(&(–u5 !(*!–j5. I am grateful to have been part of the creation of Makivik and Nf3nSz wMscbsymQxu4 mr{[f5 for having worked with my fellow Nunavimmiut during my years n3etbso3tlQ5 WNhxctc3ymo3hzl as the Corporation’s vice-president. I mainly remember doing field kN[7usact4vi4 x3ÇAi mr{[f8k5 trips in Nunavik to inform people about the creation of Makivik xzJçmE7j5 gzoE/st9lz. and what this Corporation would mean to the people. xsMplxaxSz x3[b3XMsExu4 We had to create Air Inuit, which was really a fun thing to kN[7u gn3tyQx3ghz wk8i4 do because Inuit never had an airline before. The creation of this mr{[s2 kwbsizi4 x7ml ck6 company had two objectives: first, to create employment for the mr{[4 grcC/3m¯5 wk8k5. Inuit of Nunavik and, secondly, to enable the Inuit of Nunavik to n3et5yQxcMs3ymKA5 wkw5 cz5bÔq8i4, xoxQMs3ym/C make money and, if it had profits, we wanted it to benefit the peo- wkw5 cz5bÔdtcMs3ym1qmb yKixA5. Ì8N tusJ6 m3Îi4 ple. We have seen over the years that these two objectives have yKi5ncMs3ymJ6 mfiz: yK9oÙu WNhZ5nc3tyix3li kN[s2 been reached and I am grateful for that. I wish our airline many wkq8i4 x7ml gzoz, kN[7us5 wkw5 ®Ns/osD8NtAm5hQ5, more good years. x7ml çq3ifos3Xb, W?9odbsd5hQ5 wk8k5. bfymo3SA5 In those same years, there was no cultural organization in bm4fNi x3ÇAi Ì4fx m3Î4 yKi5nE/sÔ4 trst/symoExq5 Nunavik, so we created the Avataq Cultural Institute, which was x7ml bmguz Nf3nstc3Xo3hz. Ì8N cz5bÔdtK5 ho also a good experience for me. For this, we also had two objec- xuh7mE8i4 x3ÇAc5yxdNq8NMzK6. tives: first, to preserve the language of Nunavik and, secondly, Ì4fNi5ãN6 x3ÇAi, wl3DyoEJu4 kN[7u to preserve the culture and traditions of Nunavimmiut. I am very tudtcMs3ym1qgA5, Öà7m5 kw5yMs3ymJA5 x?b6 proud for having been part of the creation of these two compa- WsygcoE[zi4 WNhx3hA Nf3©ym7uJu4. bm5hjz nies, and they have helped us. m3Îi4 yKi5ncMs3ym7uJA5 yK9oÙu, kN[s2 scsyzi4 Other organizations that were created since 1975, following xyst5yÖo5hb x7ml gzoz, xyst5yÖolb kN[7us5 the signing of the James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement, wl3Dyzi4 Wsygczi9l. WJE7mEymo3Sz wMscbsymQxu4 have been functioning well and serving the people with their own Ì4fx m3Î4 tudtsÔ4 kwbsic3tlQ4, x7ml s?5ti4 mandates. These are our school board, regional government, wvJ3ymoᕇ3ht4. health board, municipal services, environmental committee, and xyq5 tusJ5 kwbsMs3ymJ5 !(&%–ui5, xtos3bsymo3tlA others that have been beneficial for the Inuit. Other developments Ì8N èuy Ñul fÑ4 b3Czil xqctŒ8i6, xsMic5yxymo3g5 are coming, such as offshore negotiations that are in the process WA5pht9l wk8i4 N7ui6 to/smAtc3ht4. mfx kwbsymJ5 of being implemented, and I am grateful for all of the things that wo8ixioE[4, kNooµ5 v?mz5, ᐋ8ixioEº5 vtmpq5, have been provided to us. kNo8i vt1zp4f5 WA5pAtq5, x?toEº5 vtmpxWq5 I am also very grateful that Makivik has reached its 25th xyq9l W?9odbsymo3gi4 wk8k5. xyq5 W?9oxtbs7uJ5 anniversary. Since we are the beneficiaries, we have been served òJ5, s5gtQlA er3bk5 xqctŒZhx3î5 µ8Nst9lA well and I have been a part of these efforts — even though not all vJytbs?9oxZhxo3gi4, x7ml Nf3nhz hNoµi4 s?5tk5 of them. Finally, I am happy for this opportunity to be able to add WA5pAtsymo3gi4. my input into the celebration of 25 years of Makivik existence. Nf3nmE2Sz mr{[f5 trstymoExq5 @%–i4 x3ÇA3gymo3iuk5. wMsÔ- cbsZ5b, WA5/syx3ymKA5 x7ml wMscbsymo3hz bm4fkz xJw8NspJk5 - wl8Noµq8ªq5©Zlx6. ra9oXst9lA, d[xh2Sz !(*^-at9lA: swAwtg9l wMscbsQxu4 ckwo- wk5tg9l scsy3u4 cbsJk5 d[x§to8k5 k5tEºa5 vtmic3g5, mr{[f5 @%–i4 x3ÇAi4 ᐋ3éZhx3ic3ht Ne5bsts2 wk5tg5 tusÔo3izi4. Ne5bli x9Mst5nzi4 1986: French and Inuttitut translators’ conference, around an IBM Selectric typewriter. eu3Dxq5 FILE PHOTO mr[4f5

50 PHOTO ESSAY

!(*%-at9lA: ui fº x?b4f5 wkgc3i4 vtmic3tyJ5 ui fº mr{[f8k5 xzJçmEs2 nirlxu gzoE/symJ6 WzJQ/s5hi 1985: Avataq !(*%–u5 !(**-j. held its elders’ conference in Sanikiluaq. mr{[f8k5 S3gi3nsymiE/Ck5 wvJ3y/symKz WNhxExo4vi4 NlA8â§aMe5hz. @&–i4

CHARLIE PATSAUQ CHARLIE srscMs3ymKz xzJçmEs2 gzozb WzJzª3hz x7ml s9lu s[4vso3gi4 W[5nÌ5ngxDt4 wMscbsc5bdp5hz ᐋ3ehwJk5 kN[7us5 yKi5nq8i4. s9lu bfA8No3Sz mr{[f8k5 wMscbst9lz WNhx3ym/q5tA5 kwymo3bq8i4 x7ml bmgjz WJEstc3ymo3Sz. xqctŒZhx3tshz N7ui6 v?m5noEi3j5, whmc3Sz xfixl4 trstZhx3ymoExu4, ryxi xuhi4 ho W/5ncq8NgA5 xuh7mE8il ñ1zyQxcq8Nhb. wào[cDm7uJz s9lu yKo3tso3gi4 g1z[c3gi9l W5nÌ7mEA8NEx5ti4 vJyJu4 xJw8NspgxD5b WAm/5ti4, s2WE/c3lb bf8ˆb5ti4 x7ml xgi5 xy5b WA8NME5bq8i4.

!(*^- FILE PHOTO at9lA: mr{[f5 Minnie Grey x9M[c3[QMs3ym/z5 1986: Makivik’s former Minnie Grey served as Makivik’s third vice-president from Montreal office building. 1985 to 1988.

The experience I have gained as an executive of Makivik Corporation has helped me to become confident in the work I do. I was 27 years old when I became third vice-president and I wish for today’s youth to take every opportunity to get involved in shap- ing the future of Nunavimmiut. Today I see the results of the work Makivik did during my involvement and I am proud to have been a part of it all. As a negotiator for self-government, I feel we have come a long way, but we still have a lot to do and many challeng- es to tackle. My advice to the present leaders and shareholders is that we can achieve much by continuing to strive for our aspira- tions, believing in our vision and in each others’ abilities. FILE PHOTO

!(*&-at9lA: ÷i x7ml Mo xfox6 Îyxus5 wkgw8Nq5b kNzk5 w8ixMs3ymÓ4 wMs/3ght4 bf5nst5yAtst9lQ5 >wkw5 nN/[iq5> 1987: Johnny and Lali Akuliak travelled to the Soviet Union to partake in the show, “Things made by Inuit”.

!(*&-at9lA: wkw5 g2Wq5 sb3eht4 w9los3bsi5nui4 sus/u 1987: Tents, waiting for the construction of Umiujaq. FILE PHOTO magazine

!(**-at9lA: Guy LafleurFÜ M{¬ w8ixMs3ymJ6 wk5Jxj5 s4fwyctsQx3ghi yx3E/3[Ìz8i4Fdxn3[Ìz8i

1988: Guy Lafleur visited Inukjuak for the official opening of their arena. MAKIVIK FILE PHOTO FILE 51 x5paxtA5 si4Ï5

Ìix9o wS Daniel Epoo Ìix9o wS mr{[j5 Daniel Epoo served as Makivik’s corporate secretary from x9Mt7mEQ/symJ6 !(*^–u5 1986 to 1994. !(($–j5. Firstly, I would like to thank the JBNQA beneficiaries, Makivik yK9oÙu, Nf3üDmKz èuy executives and board members for allowing me to take part in the Ñ2 xqctŒ8izk5 wMsJi4, commemoration of the Corporation’s 25th Silver Anniversary. mr{[s2 S3gi3nq8il vtmpq8il Much has happened over the past 25 years — in politics, wMscbstbsQxu4 sWA§tc3tlQ5 education, social issues, our youth, and in the growth of our busi- mr{[f8i4 @%–i4 x3ÇAi4 tusÔo3iui4. nesses. I am proud to have been part of the development of our WJc7mEymo3g6 @%-i4 x3ÇÅMs3gi4 - Wix3ioEi4f5, future as an executive for three terms from 1986 to the spring of wo8ixioEi4f5, wªyoEi4fl, s[4vdtK9l, x7ml 1995. WNhZ3[dtK5 WDo3ht4. WJEstc3Sz wMscbsymQxu4 My reflections of the past are the signing of the Constitution yKi5nK5 W?9oxtbsic3tlA S3gi3nscbsc5bymZm !(*^–ui5 section 35, the six complementary agreements of the JBNQA and sW3zn6FsW3¯6 !((% tr5hA. their implementation, self-government talks for Nunavik and the Ö5hmibi4 w3csmQ/c3Sz xtos3bsMs3ymiqi4 offshore overlap agreement with the Inuit of Nunavut, as well as Wz§J3©oz5ht4 x9Mq5 #%–ü5g5 Wd/3Jxu, èuy the progress of ICC, the purchase of First Air and the growth of Ñ2 xqctŒ8izbl swAq5b xto3bsc5bymiq5 the subsidiaries. Most of all, I reflect on the beneficiaries whom I vJytbsc5bymiq9l, kN[7u N7ui6 v?mÌChx3ij5 have served, the people I work with, and those who are no longer sçctŒc5bymJi9l, x7ml wm3Wu coᕇ5tgªozJi with us. xqctŒAtsymJi4 wMQ5hQ5 kNÓ5us5 wkq5, x7ml5bs6 I look forward to our future as there remains much work to Éy¥4f5 W?9oxiq8i4, Ó+5 wx4fl is[3bsMs3ymizi9l be done. I also wish to congratulate all the executives for the x7ml tuxDMÏ5 WD3Xoxic3tlQ5. xqi3Ùu w3csmQ/c3Sz work they have done since I left Makivik as corporate secretary. wMsJi4, WA5pymo3bvi4, wk8il WNhxctQc5bym/4vi4, Throughout the past 25 years, we have seen so much accom- Ö4fxl em5tQymo3bK5. plished and many historic events to remember. iEs8ic3Sz yKi5nEMz/K8i4 ho WNhxC5no7mEsq8Nm5. I believe there is a bright future for the youth of Nunavik. sWAh2Sz S3gi3noµi4 WNhx5yxc5bMs3mb Ömzi5 mr{[f8i4 There is potential in Makivik, its subsidiaries and other organiza- eàMs3ymt9lz x9Mt7mEs5hz. @%–i4 x3ÇÅMs3goµi4, tions that have arisen from the JBNQA. bfymo3gA5 W/sJc3gmEsymo3tlA xuh7mE8il WQx1zymJi4 Again I wish everyone in Nunavik the very best and encour- xsMpZ5nc3hb. age everyone to continue to be involved in Makivik affairs as you s2WE/c3Szo kN[s2 s[Z3gdtq5 yKi5nc5yxExq5. have in the past. W[no7mEsK6 mr{[f8i, tuxDdtq8il xyq8il tusJ3i kwbsymo3gi4 èuy Ñ2 xqctŒ8izk5. ho wl8Noµq8i4 kN[7usoµi4 W5yxdpKz wl8Nq8il vJy5yxq8Ndp5hz wMscbsly mr{[oEi3k5 Öm5ãN6 yKixA5 Öàymo3uZ5ybs6. FILE PHOTO

!(*(-at9lA: Ìu cs4Ü vq3husi4 mr{[f8i r4Zg3tbsMs3ymJ6 wk5Jxu x3ÇAbµ3ystui4 vtmi7mEc3tlQ5 1989: Tommy Kauki was Kangirsuk’s board member during the AGM in Inukjuak.

!(**-at9lA mr{[f5 x3ÇAbµ3ystu8i4 vtmi7mEz5

eu3Dxq5 bys/üMs3ymK6 1988: The Makivik AGM took place in Tasiujaq. FILE PHOTO mr[4f5

52 PHOTO ESSAY

!(*(-at9lA: ƒ4Jxus5 vœhxJ5 xro3bsi3j5 xqctŒ8ic3tlQ5 1989: Interested residents during the compensation agreement for Kuujjuamiut. FILE PHOTO

!(()-at9lA: wkw5 vNbs2 v?mzk5 d5ygj5 xs9˜tbsMs3g[î5 v?m4f5 vtmpq8k5 sçicEx3gymJ5 1990: High Arctic Relocatees testify in front of Parliament’s

standing committee. FILE PHOTO FILE FILE PHOTO

!((!-at9lA: Sgo4 XWv5g4 ci1åt4f5 i5÷J6 Ö5hmi wm3Wu h4fN3gco3gi4 vtmi3JxcDtc3tlQ5 1991: Putulik Papigatuk takes the microphone during a marine contaminants conference. FILE PHOTO

!(()-at9lA: ƒ4JxÇW1us5 r4Zg3tq5 mr{[f5 vtmi3Jxz8k5 vq3hu wMs/3gymJ5. 1990: Kuujjuaraapik representatives during the Makivik AGM in Kangirsuk. !((!-at9lA: Ìjy dm4f4

FILE PHOTO w3abᕇ4 ÉymÔ4 Ìjys2 xgxZox[iq5 wkw5 scs9MEq5 kwbsic3tlQ5 1991: Tamusi Qumaq and his grandson during the release of his Inuttitut dictionary.

!((@-at9lA: gnº5 WNh{[q5 wkw5 srs3bgoµu kNo3JxctŒaJ5 vtmi3Jxc3tlQ5 g5g÷3gu, kN5yxü5gu magazine 1992: Translator’s cubicles during the Inuit Circumpolar Conference in Tuktoyaktak, Northwest Territories. FILE PHOTO MAKIVIK

53 x5paxtA5 si4Ï5

!((@-at9lA: x?b4f5 s4fwyicMsJK5 kÌu4 bf?4f[cstÌu8i4 ¥M Ax5–fl5¥ wk5Jxu, Én cn9lx6 s4fwyAtu4 ¥M Ax5-fl5¥ mr{[f8k5 rWytbst9lA x9Mt7mEsMs3ymK6 !((%–u5 1992: Avataq opened a !((&–j5. new museum in Inukjuak, with Isa Kasudluak cutting the ribbon. sWA§5pKz wªct4vi4 kN[7usi4 W7mEs7m5 @%–i4 x3ÇAi4 WD3ãicMs3iq5 bµi kNu mr{[s2 tudtz yKo3y- ic3tlA. wkw5 yM3Jxzi

ñ1zQxoK5 xqJ7mEx¬Zlx3tlQ5 FILE PHOTO FILE xuhtA5, h3cè3bsc/1q©Mz5/q5g5 WNhxctŒ5yxgxD5b Wsi3nu4 wª[5nc3tyi3u4 wkdt5ti4. Wix3ioEi3u4 WQx9MEMs3ymKz iDx3bsgxCm mr{[f5 S3gi3nq8k5 x7ml b=Zî5tlz wo5yMsJ/4vk5 s9lu wq3CA8NytbsoEKz xzJçE/si3j5 wkw5 yM3Jxus5 vtmp3Jxq8k5, r=Zg3hQ5 yM3Jxus5 wkq5 kN3JxusactŒ5gtA5. yKo3tsi5tk5 bfq8Nc5bExc3SA5 ñ1z/sQxo8i4 wo5yAt5nsix3tlQ5 W[5nsgw8NExc3tlQ9l wªy3j5 sWA§tc3lbl xfisqgxW4 WJ9MEsymoEx5ti4 wª5hb. !((#-at9lA: r4Z6 xsMAtoEp4f5 n9li WNhZsA8Ngi4 Sheila Watt-Cloutier kwbt5yic3iu4 Sheila Watt-Cloutier served as Makivik’s corporate secretary WNhxDyc3tlQ5 WNhZ5n/dtu8i4 from 1995 to 1997. bf5nst5y[z5 1993: Kiqaq Travel set its FILE PHOTO I would like to congratulate my fellow Inuit of Nunavik on booth up for career week in Salluit. this important milestone of 25 years of capacity-building in the region under the leadership of Makivik Corporation. Though our challenges in the Inuit world continue to be monumental at many levels, they are not insurmountable as we work together to make it a better world for our people. My introduction to politics was through being elected as an executive at Makivik Corporation and the lessons learned in that role led me to where I am today as chair of the Inuit Circumpolar Conference, representing the Inuit of the world at the international level. We must, as leaders, continue to see challenges as poten- tial lessons and opportunities of life and celebrate that we have accomplished much as a people in such a short period of time. MALOFILM DISTRIBUTION

!((#-at9lA: Ìjy yKxÇW4 wà¬3lᑏ3bsJ6 Jacques DorfmanF÷4 ©{m8j5 b3Co÷Z5nos3ht4 xZA4fi4 1993: Tamusi Sivuarapik getting directions from Jacques Dorfman during the filming ofAgaguk .

!(($-at9lA: n9li x3ÇAbµ3ystu4 vtmi7mEc3tlQ5 vt1z/3gymJ5 x5pos3bsctŒ5g5 Nlâ3yAtQ5hA x3ÇAi

eu3Dxq5 x?ti eu3Dxos3Xo3iE/5ti4 kN[7u 1994: Participants of the AGM in Salluit pose for a celebratory photo to mark 20 years of

mr[4f5 publishing in Nunavik. STEPHEN HENDRIE

54 PHOTO ESSAY

® y8-Jox8, v?m4f5 sc3[mEzk5 wMsJ6 xW5yW-èuy Ñ-kN[4.

sWA§tc3iy8k5 d[x§t- y8i4 N9osi3ysDtsK6 wkw5 xiAwAtQymo3bq8i4 x3ÇAymo3gi. bm8N bf5nst5yJ6 wkw5 §aiq8il xJw8Niq8il ñMc3ht4 ñ1z/s7mEQxo8i4. xbs5yf5, vJylb nNq8Nix3SA5 x5bN1qgu4

FILE PHOTO g1z[os3lb bm4fx kN[7us5 wkw5 WZhxD8Nix3mb WJ8NyAm/ui4 yKi5nu9l W[5nyxcDNsMzJu4. !(($-at9lA: ò8Np xäf xgw8ND3tg6 iDxMz5hi S3gi3nã5 iDx3bsic3tlQ5 d[xhQ5y @%–i4 x3ÇA3gymo3izk5¡ 1994: Henry Alayco prepares to cast his votes for an executive election. Guy St-Julien MP Abitibi—Baie James—Nunavik.

The anniversary that you are celebrating commemorates a people’s passage through the ages. It reflects the strength and determination of a people overcoming huge challenges. Together, we will carry on building a solid base so the Inuit of Nunavik may pursue their dreams and a promising future. Happy 25th anniversary!

PAULUSIE ANGATOOKALOOK PAULUSIE !((%-at9lA: wkw5 yñyWus5 r1åmQ9ME5Ìl7ui4 w9li4 kÌi4 w9lÌ3tbsJ5. 1995: The Inuit of Chisasibi received badly needed new housing. FILE PHOTO

!((%-at9lA: xˆNsJ6 w3iui4 É2Xc3hi WJEmJ6: ño Ax4f5 xˆNŒ4 ᑏy Ax4ƒ4 sWQ/sic3©4 N9ostt9lQ5 x3ÇAw5 x?ᑏ5 xqctŒ8icoMs3ym7mi5 èuy Ñ xqctŒAtzi4 1995: A proud mother and son: Charlie Watt and his mother, Daisy Watt, are honoured during celebrations FILE PHOTO for the 20th anniversary of the James Bay Agreement. magazine !((%-at9lA: s[Z3gw5 vt1z/3gymJ5 x3ÇAbµ3ystu4 vt1zic3tlQ5 vq3hJxu. 1995: A group of youth delegates to an annual general meeting in Kangiqsujuaq. MAKIVIK

55 x5paxtA5 si4Ï5

Ù9 svo6 µ5p %, !(((-at9lA to/ sic3hi N9odxuk5, v?m5tsJ6 Ù9 svo6 kNK5u yK9oÙa5hi kNK5 v?mzk5 xzJ3çDMs3ymK6. svo6 xsMbc3S6 S3gi3noEi3u4 v?ms9l xsMbq8i4, kNc3çymJoEi3ul x7ml w3cgw[oEi3i4.

Nlâ3yAmKz mr{[u4 W9ME- FILE PHOTO sAtc3ymizk5 kNi4 w8kwymi3k5 !((^-at9lA: ᐋbu n[x5Jl ºu NlwJ3l wMc3ht4 xqctŒZhx3ii4 WNhxDtc3Xi3uA5. Wi3lÖoi3j5 WQs3nt5ypui4. John Chénier/÷8 ¥8îu4 Ö5hmi yKo3ym7m5 s9luso3g6 xqctŒAbs?5gi4 wkdtu nN/sQx1zyt9lA vt8iu s/C8ix[s˜3g6. W?9odt5nq8i4 WZhx3yts5hi. 1996: Adamie Saviadjuk and Jimmy Naluiyuk with safety trainer, John Chénier during preliminary construction of the Kattiniq mine. sWA§5p?C WNh5yxymizk5.

Paul Okalik On March 5, 1999, appointed by his peers, the Honourable Paul Okalik became the first Premier of Nunavut. Mr. Okalik holds the portfolios of Executive and Intergovernmental Affairs, Aboriginal Affairs and Justice.

I would like to recognize Makivik Corporation and your impor- tant role in the land claims process. You have led the way in settling modern treaties and lead the way in providing benefits to

the people you represent. Congratulations on a job well done. PHOTO FILE

!((^-at9lA: Wb ᐋbu xW3§/3bsJ6 b3Cus5 iWz5b WNh5tzk5 kx dW3Dxl7j5 iDx3bstZhx3iE?5bq5b yb7ustzi4 mr{[f8k5 ®Ns/oEpsix3li iDx3bsicExo3ec7ust9lA 1996: Pita Aatami is interviewed by TNI’s Noah Koperqualuk following his successful campaign to become Makivik’s treasurer for the fourth consecutive year. FILE PHOTO

!((&-at9lA: Awo u3exÔ3l èWt k1zl wMsÔ4 r9lytsostt9lQ5 vq3hxl4Jxu 1997: Willie Makiuk and Zebedee Nungak struggle over a saw during a log-sawing contest in Kangiqsualujjuaq. eu3Dxq5 FILE PHOTO

!((&-at9lA: Ó+ wx4f5 WNh5tq5 Carp, OntarioFÏ2 x8tsps–u, x5pos3bsctŒaJ5

mr[4f5 1997: First Air staff in Carp, Ontario, pose for this group photo. 56 PHOTO ESSAY

uyx9 og3ª uyx9 og3ª fÑ4u v?m4f5 sc3[mEz8i sz?usk5 r4Zg3t.

b4vi N9osic3tlA x3ÇAi x?t9l b9om9li tusÔo3iE/z

FILE PHOTO mr{[s2. sWAh7mE2Sz scs5pAtcExu4 !((^-at9lA: xu§1qg5 S3gi3nu4 wo8ixE3ymJ5 x7ml ckoµ5yx6 WsJi4 W?8ixd9ly wªJy WNh5tdtq5 x5pos3bsctŒaJ5 m8gpxu xi3Cub ñzi. kN[7usa5hy. bm8N N9osi3ysiE/y 1996: A few Kativik postsecondary students and staff pose in kN[7u kNc3goµk5 WJ8NDbsix3m5 front of their Montreal residence. w3csm5yi3u4 x5pcMs3ymZi W?9oxiEym/z8i4 mr{[f5 ÖàZlxD5yl ho yKi5ny8i4 eMˆE/c5yxlyl iEs8ic3[c5yxlyl wªixd9ly. r4Zg3lq5 fÑ4 b3Czi4 kNc3goµ5 x7ml N7ui6 WJu4 scDmKz wµ4 wo5yi4 sWA§5pmE8iCi4 x7ml yKic5yxd?5y x5hwo?9oxq8Nic3ly.

Michel Létourneau Québec’s MNA for Ungava. STEPHEN HENDRIE

On this occasion that marks the 25th anniversa- !((*-at9lA: mr{[s2 yKo3tq5 WNh5tdtq9l x5pos3bsctŒaJ5 wKp[7u vtmi3Jx6 whoCÌat9lA. ry of the Makivik Corporation, I am very pleased to offer my best 1998: Makivik leaders and personnel at the end of an AGM in Ivujivik. wishes to the people of Nunavik. Your celebration will allow all the citizens of the region an opportunity to commemorate and relive the unique history of Makivik, while contemplating the future with optimism and enthusiasm. On behalf of the entire population of northern Québec and personally, I would like to congratulate you !((*-at9lA: wkgc6 and wish a happy and prosperous future. §hQ/sic5yx§6 ˆM4 N2Ùl4 ®N3ui4 uax3bsmpxo4 im5gi4 b3Co÷oxaMz5hi sfNi, tAyi6 b3iu4: wkw5 xsMiz5 1998: Much respected elder, Naalak Nappaaluk, has his face painted for his role in the video, Capturing Spirit:

An Inuit Journey. GEORGE HARGRAVE GEORGE FILE PHOTO

!(((-at9lA: mr{[f5 xoxhxi3ËozJu4 cr3tyic3g5 dx3bu 1999: Makivik fun league hockey in Quaqtaq.

!(((-at9lA: ª[7WE %-u xtosctQAtc3tlQ5 kN[7u Wix3ioEi3j5 xqctŒAtÌaJu4 Gnsuxi5-bo3Wxk5H ® ¥8-Ôox8, DWx5 ª9, Wb ᐋbu, ® ¥{Epx x7ml Ôn{ ?v9 magazine 1999: November 5th, at the signing of the Nunavik Political Accord (L-R) Guy St-Julien, Robert Nault, Pita Aatami, Guy Chevrette, and Joseph Facal. FILE PHOTO MAKIVIK

57 x5paxtA5 si4Ï5

Ôy fhZ6 Ôy fhZ6 xzJç[iz wkw5 bWᕇ5 vNbu tudtzb.

xzJçE/symt9lz kNK5 g1z[4 tudtzk5 W?9oxZhx7mE8ic3tlb kwZhx3tlA kNK5

kNdtz, bm8N @%–i4 VICKY SIMIGAK x3ÇA3go3iz mr{[f5 @)))-at9lA: iE7µctŒaJ5 N9osi3ysDtc3ht4 mr{[f5 W7mE3JxaK6. wkw5 srs3bgusoµ5 bfQxyMs3ymJ5 x9M[5Ìc7uzi4 ¥8-lÇ8 m8gpxü5gu Ö5hmi5ãN6 mr{[s2 mr{[f8i4 @% x3ÇAw5 yKixA5 ckw5©m¯5 Ì8N >kNu4 kNooµi r4Zg3tq5 Övi vt1zic3tlQ5. w8kwymstoE[s2 tudtz>, ck3l kwbs8im¯5, x7ml 2000: A feast to celebrate the opening of Makivik’s office in St-Laurent during a board meeting there. ck6 W?9oxicMz7m¯5. bfQxyMs3ymJA5 sfiz èuy Ñ x7ml fÑ4 b3Czb xqctŒatq8i4 s5gCstQ5hA kNÌChxDt5tk5 xqctŒAt5tk5, x7ml mr{[4, tus5hi Ì4fiz vJyt5yp1aMsJZu, xKzsot5yQxMs3g6 wkw5 wªyoµq8i4, WNhZ5nÌ3ty5hil wk8i4, WNhx3ic3ht9l W?9oxt5yht4 kNdtui4. @% x3ÇAw5 xiA3tlQ5, bf8ˆogxC5b hJ[is7m¯b, xqJ7mEsK6. xJá5gmEsJx9˜5 whmQgw8NhA. sWAh2SA5 mr{[f8i4. sWAh2Sz kN[7usi4 r=Zg3hz wkw5 bWᕇ4fi4 vNbu.

Jose Kusugak Outgoing president of .

As a former president of Nunavut Tunngavik Incorporated during a momentous time in the creation of the Nunavut Territory, the 25th anniversary is a remark- able milestone for Makivik Corporation. Inuit across the Arctic looked to Makivik a quarter century ago to see

what the beginnings of a “Land Claims Organization” FILE PHOTO looked like, how it was created, and how it was going @)))-at9lA: wkw5 srs3bgus5 W1axi3Jxc3tlQ to develop. AÉ5 dx+u W1axEx3gcbsymJ5 We looked to the James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement 2000: Delegates to the Arctic Winter Games in Whitehorse. as a model Land Claims Agreement, and Makivik, as the organiza- tion to implement it, advance all aspects of Inuit life, work for the people, and work towards developing the region. Twenty-five years later when you look and see what happened, it’s tremendous. It’s quite amazing when you think of it. Congratulations Makivik. Congratulations Nunavimmiut on behalf of Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami.

@)))-at9lA: s÷W gfl4 rWytbsJ6 s4fwyAtu4 mr{[f5 x9M[5Ìz8i4 ¥8-lÇ8 m8gpxu. 2000: Robbie Tookalak cut the ribbon to open Makivik’s St-Laurent office. ISABELLE DUBOIS @))!-at9lA: Ìjy yKxÇW4 ej5yf5 w?4vu4 eu3Dxq5 hvosticEs3tlQ5 yK9oÙE/sJ[i6 2001: Tamusi Sivuaraapik came in ahead for the first Ivakkak dogteam race.

mr[4f5 VICKY SIMIGAK VICKY 58 PHOTO ESSAY

@))@-at9lA wkw5 kNo3JxactŒaJ5 vtm[3Jxzb xzJ3çz ¥M Ax5-fl5¥ d[xhxi3ui4 x[ctŒAtc3g6 2002: ICC chair, Sheila Watt Cloutier, shares her joy.

FILE PHOTO ISABELLE DUBOIS

@))!-at9lA: xbix¬2 r4Zz vNbu Adrien ClarksonF ᐄ5Ex8 v˜4n8 bfNhx3g6 srs3bgus5 sNb3gndtq8i4 ƒ4Jxj5 S˜Ex3ymAtui. 2001: Governor General Adrien Clarkson inspects a troop of Northern Rangers during her visit to Kuujjuaq. VICKY SIMIGAK

@))@-at9lA: xfr5gus5 i5/l5Ìtq5 i5/l5Ìic3g5 wkw5 kNo3JxactŒaJ5 vt1zic3tlQ5 ƒ4Jxu. 2002: The Greenland choir perform during the Inuit Circumpolar Conference in Kuujjuaq. ISABELLE DUBOIS

@))@-at9lA: scsy5no7mEsMsJK5 nN3Dt4 WNhctŒ8iËozJu4 xqctŒAtÌaJ6 xtos3bsic3tlA bys/u @))#-at9lA: 2002: There was much ado surrounding the signing of ᐋ8bi w5gñ6 the Sanarrutik Partnership Agreement in Tasiujaq. sfiz Nkxl8i4 er3bu ƒ4Jx2 nixi bfMsJK6 JäaAtzi 2003: Anthony Ittoshat

ANTHONY ITTOSHAT COLLECTION spotted these polar bears on an island near Kuujjuaq in early July.

@))#-at9lA: S[3igu xStu4 N9osi3ysDtc3i6 xbs5yf3ymcbsMsJK6 µ5pu mr{[f5 vtmi3Jxz8k5. 2003: Puvirnituq’s annual snow festival took place during the same week as Makivik’s AGM in that community this past March. magazine BOB MESHER MAKIVIK

59 mr{[j5 S3gi3nE/symJ5

sfx mr{[j5 S3gi3nE/symJ5 xtq5 tr5hA iDx3isMsJJ6 @))@–u.

s9lu S3gi3ã5 sfxaJ5: Wb ᐋbu xzJ3çmE4, ᐋbu xMf, gzoz mrbZhx3ioEi3j5, ÷i Wb gzoz W[5ni4 W?9oxt5yi3j5, ᐋ8bi w5gñ5 ®Ns/oEp, x7ml ÷p Ít x9Mt7mE4

xzJ3çmE4 gzoq5 yK9ø5 gzoo3eq5 gzø5 WzJz5 ®Ns/oEº5 x9Mt7mᕇ5

1978 ño Ax5 èWt k1z6 uxp ãm8

1979 ño Ax5 v4ri6 NlwJ6 µ4 C. fxb Awo Ax5 µys xmDxo4

1980 ño Ax5 v4ri6 NlwJ6 uxp ãm8 µ4 b. fxb Awo Ax5 ¥usi ˆM5©/6

1981 ño Ax5 v4ri6 NlwJ6 ÔW wS µ4 b. fxb Awo Ax5 ¥usi ˆM5©/6

1982 ño Ax5 µ4 C. fxb ÷i Wb µ4 b. fxb ÔW wS ¥usi ˆM5©/6

1983 uxp ãm8 µ4 b. fxb ÷i Wb ÔW wS ¥usi ˆM5©/6

1984 uxp ãm8 µ4 C. fxb ÷i Wb ÔW wS µb cs4Ü

1985 uxp ãm8 µ4 C. fxb ÷i Wb ui fº ÔW wS µb cs4Ü

1986 µ4 C. fxb Ìu ®8 ÷i Wb ui fº ÔW wS Ìix9o wS

1987 µ4 C. fxb Ìu ®8 ÷r dqx6 ui fº ÔW wS k33ÜN3g6 Ìix9o wS ño Ax5

1988 µ4 C. fxb Ìu ®8 ÷r dqx6 ui fº k33ÜN3g6 ño Ax5 k33ÜN3g6 Ìix9o wS ño Ax5 èWt k1z6 Awo Ax5

1989 ño Ax5 èWt k1z6 ÷r dqx6 k33ÜN3g6 µ4 b. fxb Awo Ax5 Ìix9o wS ÷r dqx6 iDx3bsJ6 iDxC5ngxaJ6 iDxC5ngxaJ6

1990 ño Ax5 èWt k1z6 ÷r dqx6 µ4 b. fxb Awo Ax5 Ìix9o wS iDxC5ngxaJ6

1991 ño Ax5 èWt k1z6 ÷r dqx6 µ4 b. fxb Awo Ax5 Ìix9o wS

1992 ño Ax5 èWt k1z6 ÷r dqx6 µ4 b. fxb Awo Ax5 Ìix9o wS iDxC5ngxaJ6 !,#@(–k5 iDx3b6

1993 ño Ax5 èWt k1z6 ÷r dqx6 µ4 b. fxb Wb ᐋbu Ìix9o wS iDxC5ngxaJ6

1994 ¥usi ˆM5©/6 èWt k1z6 ÷r dqx6 µ4 b. fxb Wb ᐋbu Ìix9o wS iDxC5ngxaJ6

1995 ¥usi ˆM5©/6 èWt k1z6 ÷r dqx6 µ4 b. fxb Wb ᐋbu ¥M Ax5-fl5¥ k33ÜN3g6 kÌ6 xzJ3çmE4

1996 èWt k1z6 vt1zps[4 ÷i Wb µ4 b. fxb Wb ᐋbu ¥M Ax5-fl5¥ ᐲ3bsJ6 @,)&*–k5 iDx3b6

1997 èWt k1z6 ÷i Wb µ4 b. fxb Wb ᐋbu ¥M Ax5-fl5¥

1998 èWt k1z6 ÷i Wb µ4 b. fxb Wb ᐋbu ÷p Ít Wb ᐋbu ᐋ8bi w5gñ5

1999 Wb ᐋbu ÷i Wb µ4 b. fxb ᐋ8bi w5gñ5 ÷p Ít

2000 Wb ᐋbu ÷i Wb µ4 b. fxb ᐋ8bi w5gñ5 ÷p Ít

2001 Wb ᐋbu ÷i Wb ᐋbu xMf ᐋ8bi w5gñ5 ÷p Ít eu3Dxq5 2002 Wb ᐋbu ÷i Wb ᐋbu xMf ᐋ8bi w5gñ5 ÷p Ít iDxC5ngxaJ6 mr[4f5

60 Past Makivik Executives

The following is a list of past Makivik executives up until elections in 2002.

Today’s executive members are: Pita Aatami as president, Adamie Alaku as V-P for economic development, Johnny Peters as V-P for resources development, Anthony Ittoshat as treasurer, and George Berthe as the secretary.

PRESIDENT 1ST V.P. 2ND V.P. 3RD V.P. TREASURER SECRETARY

1978 Charlie Watt Zebedee Nungak Mary Simon

1979 Charlie Watt Kakkinik Naluiyuk Mark R. Gordon Willie Watt Matthew Amarualik

1980 Charlie Watt Kakkinik Naluiyuk Mary Simon Mark T. Gordon Willie Watt Simeonie Nalukturuk

1981 Charlie Watt Kakkinik Naluiyuk Jobie Epoo Mark T. Gordon Willie Watt Simeonie Nalukturuk

1982 Charlie Watt Mark R. Gordon Johnny Peters Mark T. Gordon Jobie Epoo Simeonie Nalukturuk

1983 Mary Simon Mark T. Gordon Johnny Peters Jobie Epoo Simeonie Nalukturuk

1984 Mary Simon Mark R. Gordon Johnny Peters Jobie Epoo Martha Kaukai

1985 Mary Simon Mark R. Gordon Johnny Peters Minnie Grey Jobie Epoo Martha Kaukai

1986 Mark R. Gordon Tommy Cain Johnny Peters Minnie Grey Jobie Epoo Daniel Epoo

1987 Mark R. Gordon Tommy Cain Jackie Koneak Minnie Grey Jobie Epoo Daniel Epoo – resigned Charlie Watt

1988 Mark R. Gordon Tommy Cain Jackie Koneak Minnie Grey Charlie Watt Daniel Epoo Charlie Watt Zebedee Nungak – resigned – resigned Wille Watt

1989 Charlie Watt Zebedee Nungak Jackie Koneak Mark T. Gordon Willie Watt Daniel Epoo – resigned A/R ACCLAMATION ACCLAMATION Jackie Koneak – reelected

1990 Charlie Watt Zebedee Nungak Jackie Koneak Mark T. Gordon Willie Watt Daniel Epoo ACCLAMATION

1991 Charlie Watt Zebedee Nungak Jackie Koneak Mark T. Gordon Willie Watt Daniel Epoo

1992 Charlie Watt Zebedee Nungak Jackie Koneak Mark T. Gordon Willie Watt Daniel Epoo ACCLAMATION “1,329 voted”

1993 Charlie Watt Zebedee Nungak Jackie Koneak Mark T. Gordon Pita Aatami Daniel Epoo ACCLAMATION

1994 Simeonie Nalukturuk Zebedee Nungak Jackie Koneak Mark T. Gordon Pita Aatami Daniel Epoo ACCLAMATION

1995 Simeonie Nalukturuk Zebedee Nungak Jackie Koneak Mark T. Gordon Pita Aatami Sheila Watt-Cloutier – resigned NEW PRESIDENT

1996 Zebedee Nungak ELIMINATED Johnny Peters Mark T. Gordon Pita Aatami Sheila Watt-Cloutier “2,078 voted”

1997 Zebedee Nungak Johnny Peters Mark T. Gordon Pita Aatami Sheila Watt-Cloutier

1998 Zebedee Nungak Johnny Peters Mark T. Gordon Pita Aatami George Berthe Pita Aatami Anthony Ittoshat

1999 Pita Aatami Johnny Peters Mark T. Gordon Anthony Ittoshat George Berthe

2000 Pita Aatami Johnny Peters Mark T. Gordon Anthony Ittoshat George Berthe

2001 Pita Aatami Johnny Peters Adamie Alaku Anthony Ittoshat George Berthe magazine

2002 Pita Aatami Johnny Peters Adamie Alaku Anthony Ittoshat George Berthe ACCLAMATION MAKIVIK

61 kN[7u W?9oxJ5

kÌ6 wonWs2 b3Co÷ox[iz Elisapie’s COMPLIMENTS: ELISAPIE ISAAC kwbsymJ5 wk5tg5, AwAwtg9l c9lˆtg9l, wonW New Film Éys2 b3Co÷oxEym/q5 If the Weather Permits yM Wdp2X5u4 Ö/sAto4 kwtbsQxzMsJK5 kNc3çymJ5 Produced in Inuttitut, French and English, Elisapie Isaac’s b3Co÷oxEym/q8i4 bf5nst5yic3tlQ5 ƒaJ5 vt8iq8i4 new film, If the Weather Permits, premiered at the opening µ5p @)–u Övi vNbs2 bf?4f[zi4 vtªu xgÛ nixi. of the Aboriginal Film Festival, Where the Rivers Meet, this kN[s2 bf5nstbsiz kwb[s5hi Ö5hmibi4 x5paxi4 past March 20th at the Canadian Museum of Civilization in kwbtbst9lA, wonW sçctc1axg6 cçJ7mE7u4, Gatineau. While her recent images of Nunavik intermingle on xÌb5yxui4, wªA8âymo3gu4 xuhqgi x3ÇAi, sçAtc3hi the screen with black and white archival pictures, Elisapie iEsQ/ui9l v2WxQ/ui9l x8NsmAtcChx3iu4 wkw5 talks to Qaqqaayummarik, her grandfather who died a few wl3Dyzi4 s9lu yM3Jxao3gu. b=Zi b3Co÷oxaymJu, years ago, confiding her hopes and fears about the survival wonW wÏ3[osChx3ymMs3g6 s9lu wªyso3gj5 xÌb5yxzb of Inuit culture in the modern world. In her movie, she also wªyEym/zk5, Ì5huz ˆM4 N2Ùl7u4, wªh5gi9l Ìi tries to bridge the gap between her generation and the one xMf, tjt wt9lw, x7ml, ÙW cjÛl4 sçt9lQ5 of her grandfather, letting Naalak Nappaaluk, an elder from bf8ˆbui4 bm5hjz wl3Dy3ukxzJi4. Kangiqsujuaq, and young Danny Alaku, Timothy Etidloie and >xÌb5yxCk5 scst/s?Ms3Sz xysAm1qgxDm Nr5 Bobby Qamugaaluk tell us their views of this magnificent cul- W7m¯3m eiExc3iCi4. ÖàosMs3Sz b3Co÷osoCm,> ture that is theirs. gryt5yQxDtQMs3bz b3Co÷os3ts2 Ì8N v5hôo3tb[is7m5 “My grandfather used to say that to avoid getting lost, yMgJi4 scst/[is5hi w5guk4Å6. you always have to look where you came from. This is what I wonW Én4 vNbu b3Co÷os3tk5 National Film did with this film,” explains the talented filmmaker who found Board–f5 kNc3çymJ5 b3Co÷os3tq8i4 Wyts- inspiration in the wise words of the one she calls Ittuq. ostt5yAtzi4 ñMcMs3g6 srs5nst9lA @))!–u, Elisapie Isaac won the National Film Board (NFB) bZ N7ui6 grjx5tyA8NixoCu b3Co÷oso3uAi Aboriginal Filmmakers’ Competition in the fall of 2001, Ì4fx National Film Board–f5 xÌA5. b3Co÷ox[î5 which granted her an opportunity to direct her own film wMq8i4 bfAmJc3X5 cEbs/4f5 bfQxD8Ng5 s?i under the NFB’s auspice. To view a clip of the film, go to www.nfb.ca/iftheweatherpermits. www.nfb.ca/iftheweatherpermits

cEbs/3W5 Time to x9MAtq8i4 Upgrade kbsyotEQxco3Sy your Fonts

Ì8N cEbs/4f5 bfQx3[sA8Ng6 The AiPaiNunavik web AiPaiNunavik gryix3[sA8Nhi wos3òAy3j5 site, which contains h3cèmZM5gk9l, x7ml5bs6 x5pq8i4 comprehensive installa- WÌ3[c3hi x9MAtbo8i4 xgw8NsJoµi4 tion and troubleshooting

nS7uAti9l cEbs/3k5 Mac–j5 TAYLOR RAY information, as well as Windows–j9l WsyQx3bsJc3ymo3hi. a redesigned download bµi bfA8NSt5 kÌi4 WsyQx3bsymJi9l ÉÑ wk5tg5 page with all of the available fonts and support software for x9MAti4 cEbs/oEsti9l. cEbs/4f5 bfQxD8NSt5 Mac and Windows, has been upgraded. Here you can find sKz www.aipainunavik.com WsyQx3tyAmA[5 cEbs/3W5 all of the new and improved AiPai fonts and software. Go to wk5t©Dtq8i4 s{?¬8î5 wo8ixDmA[5 ÉÑ WNhx3bsÔ2 www.aipainunavik.com to upgrade your computer’s syllabic u5ñk5. fonts or to learn more about the AiPai project. eu3Dxq5 mr[4f5

62 NUNAVIK notes

ᐋgÛ3us5 w8ixymJ5 Ottawa Guests g1zh5tbsK5 srs3bgu Welcomed to North mr{[s2 r4Zg3tq5 si4vs/s/3gymMsJK5 ᐋgÛ3usk5 Makivik representatives briefed a delegation of Ottawa g3cb3[s2 gzoq8k5 x7ml gzosJ5 wvJ3tq8k5, deputy ministers and assistant deputy ministers who arrived Ì4fx ƒ4JxoxMsJJ5 Ö5hmi x3[b3ic3ht5 Ö/u8i4 in Kuujjuaq during their “Inuit Arctic Tour”, organized by ITK >wk8i4 srs3bgusi4 bf/3gi6> bm8N w8ixi5nsJ6 àu last May. One key point stressed during the meeting was that x©t/sJ5nst9lA xgw8ND3bsymMsJ7m5 wkw5 bWᕇ4fk5 vNbu. sç/s1ahlx1axMsJJ6 b4vi vt1zi3u wµ4 wkw5 wkgw8Nn/sJ5 >kNc3çymÔiC3bscts§aiz5> v?msJ5 moZdt5nui4 ᐋ3ehwogx3mb. ryxio wkw5 kNc3çymJg5 Öà1qNu4 wkw5 xyug5 vNbustg5 is[xoµu Ì4yq8i4 xro3gwQxc§aJ5 kNc3çymÔiC3bsctq5 bm4fiz b4yoµi4 xro3gw§a5/t8NQ5 x7ml wkw5 Ì4ytA5 xro3gxq5 sk3in7mEs§aJ5 m3D[9lxhtx9˜5 c9lˆ5 kNz8i Ì4¥/3isJi5 bm8Nl W5Jtc3hi syv5btbsJ5 xrglx3iq8i4. gryt5yAbsMsJQK3l kN[4 kNK5j5 wMQ/s1qQxz— bm8N v?m5ᑏ5 wMq8k5 gryi3l/sym§a7um5 hqs8ic1qi3nk5 vNbs2 srs3bgu kNdtq8i4. bm8N grym/s9MEQxc3iz W9MEx¬J6 W5JtQ5hQ5

kNK7us5 N7ui6 v?mu8i4 xsM5yiz5 BOB MESHER kNK7us5 xsMbsic3tlQ5 bmq8k5 v?µ8k5 vNbs9l fÑ4fl v?mq8k5. Inuit are frequently considered as “First Nations” peoples Wb ᐋbuj5 g1zh5tbsi3u mr{[f5 x9M[z8i when government policies are designed. However, unlike First É2ÙA5 Ì4fx w8ixymJ5 vtyMsJ7uJ5 ƒ4Jx2 kNozb Nations, Inuit have to pay all taxes just as other Canadians yKo3tzi4 àf9 fxbu, vt[4 kNooµ5 v?mz5b do, unlike many other native groups. Often these taxes are xzJ3çzi4 ÷i ᐋbuu4 xyq8il r4Zg3tsuJi4 double what residents in the South have to pay due to very xyq8i4 tudtsJi4. w8ixymJ5 yMu kNø5 yMÌ8i high transportation costs to the North. It was also pointed iENhx3ic3tbsMsJ7uJ5 ƒ4hx2 ƒzi. out that Nunavik is geographically not the same region as Nunavut — an error sometimes made by people who are not familiar with Canada’s northern territories. This distinction is especially important in that Nunavut has its own territori- al government, while Nunavik exists under the provincial and federal governments. Besides being welcomed by Pita Aatami at Makivik’s head office in Kuujjuaq, the visitors also got to meet with Mayor Michael Gordon, KRG’s chairman Johnny Adams, as well as representatives from other organizations. The visitors were also treated to an outdoor picnic near the picturesque

Koksoak River. magazine MAKIVIK

63

kN[7u W?9oxJ5 COMPLIMENTS: AMI COMPLIMENTS:

COMPLIMENTS: AMI xJe3gwp És˜ u5g6 wkw5 m8gpx3us5 Reverend Iola Metuq. xJe3gwp És˜ u5g6, [4g uxh x7ml xJe3gwp ÙE v˜4 hNhxc5bMs3bq5 Rev. Iola Metuq, Victor Mesher, and Rev. Barry Clark.

wkw5 m8gpx3us5 vg5pctŒ8iz5 xuhZM8i4 hNhx3icc5boMsEK5 Ì4fNi b3esc7uMs3gi4. Ì4fx x3ÇA3go3iz8i4 Jä !@–at9lA w9ldtui m8gpxu sçQx3gymc5bMs3g5 wkw5 wl3Dyzbl kNzbl u5ñk5 gx¿9u. vg5pctŒ8if5 gx¿9ü5gu4 w9ldtui4 xgc5bymo3g5 Wzhk5 wo8ix[8k5 x7ml Éc5bht4 vg5pctŒ5gMÏk5 b3ebµ5 iE7µt5y[Q5hA à b3eziu5 x7ml bmguz hDy3i4 x8NsmQs3nt5yi3u4 WNhx3gk55, i[x3yxi9l vJyt5yc5bMz7uht4 yM es/N3yq8ioµzi w7mç WA5ppk5 m8gpxusa5ht4. bm8N st3tyAbsogxCu, y2t7WEs2 whZMz tr9lA. ãmtbsic3lt4 grym/slt9l bm4fx wo8ixᕖ9l vtmstJ9l wvJ3yc5bMs3g5 wk8i4 xJe3gwpj5 Wsp v˜4j5, Öm stD8N˜3gns7uJ5 y8 Ù9 kx5yt9lQ5 xg3ymJi4 w9lusbZM8i4 xs9MtZ5nui4 g5yx[zk5. vg5pctŒ8if5 d[x§tcD8N˜o3uJ5 ybmi4 kN[s2 kNoq8k5 iegw8Nc3ty§3k5 b3ebµ5 wkw5 x3ÇA3gymo3iui4 s5©WEso3X5, x7ml Nf3üDm5ht4 m8gpx3us5 WZ5nq8i4. mr{[u4 nS7uAtQymo3bq8k5 s9¬i xiA3ymo3gi4. Ì4fx Wlx3gu4, wo8ixᕖ5 xqc5bMs3g5 kx5yMzoExu4 sWQ/c3iC3uJ5 mr{[s2 S3gi3nq8i4 xyq8il vtmpk5 AwAwt©3gi4 xs9MtZ5nstlQ5 wo8ixtk5 b3nv9M4 wMsJi4 b=Zi @%–i4 x3ÇA3gymo3izi4, wobE/c3ht9l wo8ix[7u xsXl7u. sWQ/slxaxg5 Seigniory xuh7mE8i4 W/symo3gi4 Ì4fNi @%–aMs3gi4 x3ÇAi School wo8ix[4 Pointe Claire–ü5g6 xJw8Nsp5yxht4 r=Zg3hQ5 kN[7us5 wMsJdtq5. kx5yMsJ7mb ^)–vn9i4 xgxZ5ni4 - bm4fxl grc3ht4 xuh7mEx¬/3tlQ5 wo8ix[xD3j5 §3l b3nv9M4 wo8ix[tg5. Montreal Inuit Activities wkw5 vg5pctŒ8iz WJ8NyMs3uJ6 w9lusbMÏi4 bÖA8No3gi4 Wzhi4 sux3Jxf5 syAtxl8i4 The Association of Montreal Inuit (AMI) had a number of w5y[xl8i4 Ì4fN1z5 Westmount Rotary Club–fi5. interesting activities during the past few months. They con- Ì4fx w5y[xlw5 xs9Mtbs˜3g5 vq3hxl4Jxj9l ducted presentations on Inuit culture and the North to three dx3bjl ƒ4Jxj9l. Ì4fx Westmount Rotary Club– schools and to a number of cubs, scouts, and girl guides f5 yKi5nos3ymo3uJ5 vJyt5yixExu4 bm5huz groups in the Montreal area. In return, these schools and wvJ3yic5yxgu4 x3ÇÅ?8ixgi yKi5ti. x7ml5bs6, groups helped the AMI gather used, but still usable, house- §3l Wzhwoz2Xb xbsy9lxE/sJu4 xqiø5 hold items to send to the Nunavik communities that provide w5y[xl7u çrDti4 ᐋ8ibsŒ4fti4 kxbsJcMsJ7uJ6 country food each month for the Inuit in Montreal. xsXlox3gni4. In par ticular, the vg5pctŒ8if5 W9ME8Ngu4 schools have agreed WJ8NyMsJQK5 m3Dwi4 to collect French lan- scsyc3tlQ5 g5yxicMsJ7mb guage books to send y8 Ù9 x1ov4f5 g5yx[zi to the students at µw !&, @))#–u, ra9oc3ht4 Tarsakallak School wkw5 iE7µctŒ8iE?5bzi4 in Aupaluk. Special iEic3ht4. g5yxt5yp ÉßM thanks are extended to ug6 vq3hus6, É2Xc3hi the Seigniory School in ᑏ[ s2Wu4 dx3busu4, Pointe Claire for their wk8i4 g5yxt5yicMsJJ6, enthusiastic efforts in Ì8N xJe3gwp Wsp v˜4 collecting nearly 60 c9lˆtg5 g5yxt5yt9lA. bm8N books — which means W9MEs¬lx1axDtcMsJJ6 !! a lot to a small school

m8gpxus5 wkw5 eg3zq5 COMPLIMENTS: SCHOOL TARSAKALLAK such as Tarsakallak. T h e A M I a l s o X{tbsicMsJ7mb. vᕇN XCns5 xsXl8i wo8ixtdtq5 gi3Dyx[i3ui4 vg5pctŒ8if5 N9osi3y- swAwtg3gi4 xgxZo/o3g5 received enough vari-

eu3Dxq5 sDtcMsJQK5 mr{[f5 @%–i4 Karina Brassard’s Aupaluk class with donated French books. ous household items to mr[4f5

64 NUNAVIK notes COMPLIMENTS: AMI

X5tyic3tlA At the baptism service. kNs2 x?tzi4 whµlAtc3W5V fill three 20-foot shipping containers from the Westmount Rotary Club. The containers will be sent to Kangiqsualujjuaq, vt[4 x?toEi3j5 ckwoQxdpº5 vtmpxWq5, Kuujjuaq and Quaqtaq. The Rotary Club has made a commit- kwbsymJ5 èuy Ñ2 xqctŒ8izk5, tusÔK6 ment to continue in this very helpful affiliation during the gryix3[ns5hi x?toEi3ËozJi4 wªy3ul nS5pAti4 coming years. Also, about one-third of a container of hockey xsM5yAtªozJi4 kN[7u !(&%–ui5. equipment was collected for Aupaluk. rNgw8N6 whµlcbsAi x?tu4, s5©tQlA x?tu4 One of the most rewarding AMI events was a bilingual Ns5yg3bsJcExc3izi4 s{?¬8î5 kNu4 h4fN3gc3izk5, church service at St. Paul’s Anglican Church in Lachine on May sçM[cD8Ng6 x9M[zi4 s?i yMto7j5: 17, 2003, followed by a special Inuit style community feast Kativik Environmental Advisory Committee and social. Reverend Iola Metuq from Kangirsuk, along with P.O.Box. 930 David Okpik from Quaqtaq, provided the Inuttitut portion of the Kuujjuaq (Qc) service, while Reverend Barry Clarke handled the English. The J0M 1C0 ceremony was especially outstanding in that 11 Inuit children sçMstz: (819) 964-2961 who live in the greater Montreal were baptized. ry5Jtz 2287 The AMI also celebrated the 25th anniversary of Makivik hv5gf5: (819) 964-0694 Corporation on July 12th at its building in Dorval. The AMI has been using the Dorval building for their monthly feast gather- ings since May and will continue until the weather turns cooler, probably in late September. With the blessing and understanding Concerned about the of Reverend Clarke, they may then go back to using the hall at Environment? St. Paul’s Church. The AMI will celebrate its fourth anniversary in October, and wishes to thank Makivik for all its support over The Kativik Environmental Advisory Committee, created this period. They also offer congratulations to the Corporation’s by the JBNQA, is a consultative body in matters relating to executives and other board members on this silver anniversary, the environmental and social protection regime in Nunavik recognizing the many achievements reached during the past 25 since 1975. years on behalf of the beneficiaries of Nunavik. Anyone interested in environmental concerns, such as matters regarding the need for environmental assessments or land contamination, is encouraged to contact their office at the following address: Kativik Environmental Advisory Committee P.O.Box. 930 Kuujjuaq (Qc) J0M 1C0 Phone: (819) 964-2961 extension 2287 Fax: (819) 964-0694 BOB MESHER m8gpxu wkw5 vg5pctŒ8if8k5 iEctŒtbsJ5

N9osi3ysDtc3ht4 x3ÇAi @%-i mr{[s2 tusÔo3izi4 magazine AMI barbecue celebrating Makivik’s 25th anniversary. MAKIVIK

65 kN[7u W?9oxJ5 MARIE HUDON !$ S3gi3nEx9Mu4 14 Postsecondary W/ᕇ3icMS3g5 @))#–u Graduates for 2003

vt[4 wo8ixioEi4f5 S3gi3nQx9Mu4 wo8ixᑏ5 KSB’s postsecondary graduates for 2003, along with their W/ᕇ3icoMsEK5 @))#–u, wMc3ht4 Wctui9l friends and families, had much to celebrate during a gala wMui9l, sWA§tcMs3g5 iE7µic3ht4 Ôi !!–aMs3gu. lunch this past June 11th. Fourteen beneficiaries completed do9l ybm9lw5 wMsJ5 W/ᕇMsJK5 wo8ixbui4 xgi5 their studies, each earning their respective university degrees wobE/sAtÌ3ht4 wo8ix[7mE7u5. and diplomas. vt[4f5 wo8ixti4 The Board’s student ser- WA5p[zb WNhx3[z5 iE7µ- vices department organized t5yicMsJ5, Ì8N yKo3tz5, the special lunch, where Ù9 v5n©Ex8, scs5pMs3g6 their department head, Paul W/ᕇ3g[i3i4 wµ4, >nW- Khatchadourian, announced to o3Öomiyl WNhx7mEc5b- the group of graduates, “Your Ms3iy8kl xro3bsixo3Sy perseverance and hard work x7ml WJEstc7mE5hb wo5yi4 has paid off and we are very WJ8NyMs3by8k5.> vt[4 proud of you and your achieve- wo8ixioEis2 xzJçmEz5, ments.” KSB president, Sarah yx/ ᐋlX, scMsJ7uJ6 wµ4, Aloupa, added, “You have prov- >bf5nst5yKy W/ᕇD8Nyis§u4 en that we can succeed if we

xJw8Nyx3gcgxCu.> BOB MESHER try hard.”

wkw5 bWᕇ5 vNbu ITK’s new eu3Dxoxq5 wkw5 Inuit of Canada vNbus5 The Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami’s (ITK’s) eye-catching new 36- wkw5 bWᕇ5 vNbu GbWᕇ4f5H page publication entitled Inuit of bfAuN3gmEdtq5 kÌ5 #^–i4 m2WZø5 Canada was officially presented eu3Dxoxq5 Ö/sAtc3ht4 wà5gu4 on June 20th as part of Canada’s wkw5 vNbu gi/sicMsJK5 Ôi @)–u National Aboriginal Day activities wMQ/sic3tlA vNboµu kNc3çymJ5 in the grand hall of the Museum s9lc3tbsizk5 Övi Museum of Civilization of Civilization in Hull, Quebec. in Hull–u4 fÑ4u. Ì4fx eu3Dx5 si4vsyc3g5 Ö5hmibtA9l The publication tells the story of historical and contempo- s9lul wkw5 W?9oxAtQymo3bq8i4. x5pax3bc3ht4 rary Canadian Inuit development. Illustrated with archival and Ö5hmibi9l s9luibi9l, kN1axbc3uJ5 srs3bgü5gi4 contemporary photos, it also includes a map of the Arctic kNo8i4 wkq5bl sk3iq8i4 scsyc3ht4 $%,)))–i4 communities and population figures indicating there are wkgw8NcExzi4 kNym[c3gi4 ybmi4 kNoc3[sJ3i4 over 45,000 Inuit living in the four Inuit regions: Labrador, sfNi: ˜Xgx, kN[4, kNK5, x7ml kN5yx6. Ì4fx Nunavik, Nunavut, and the Northwest Territories. It was pub- kwbsymJ5 ®Ns/c3tbs5ht4 v?mgc4f5 wkoEpgcq8k5. lished with a grant from Indian and Northern Affairs Canada. eu3Dxi4 WAmJc3X5, sçM[sA8Ng6 bWᕇ4f5 scom- For a copy of this book, contact ITK’s director of commu- stoEpzi4, yᑏ?8 ex8bEu4, s{?¬8î5 cEbs/4f5 nications, Stephen Hendrie, or email Makivik Magazine at

eu3Dxq5 Makivik Magazine–j5 sKz [email protected]. [email protected]. mr[4f5

66 NUNAVIK notes

IAF-f5 vt1zpq5b vtmiz5 IAF Board Meeting

ñu v9M4 yK9oÙu x3ÇAbµ3ystu4 vtmi7mEcc5bMs3g6 Sammy Kudluk attended his first annual gen- kÌa5hi wMsÔcbsoCu Ì4fkz wkw5 nN1axymJoEpq5b eral meeting as a new member of the vtmpq8k5 x9M[zi xg¿u s?i 2081 Merivale Road, Foundation’s (IAF’s) board of directors at their Ottawa, à @^–u5 #)–j5 @))#–u. Ì4fx nN1axymJoEp4f5 location, 2081 Merivale Road, Ottawa, from May çq3ifos3tsZt4 tu1aymJ5 >wvJ3y§a5ht4 nN1axti4 26th to 30th, 2003. The IAF is a non-profit orga- N7ui6 wvJ3yZhx3tlQ5>. kwbsQx1zg[is5hi !(*%–u Ì4fx nization that “helps artists to help themselves”. nN1axymJoEº5 N7uiEè5 xsMbs5ht9l wkw5 nN1axtq8k5. Established In 1985, the foundation is owned and Ì4fx vtmpq5 wk5bø5 ybmsJ3gi4 wkw5 nN1axtq8i4 controlled by Inuit artists. Their board consists of sfN1z5 WymJi4: Wzhi5 kNK7usi4, Wzhi4 kN[7usi4, eight Inuit artists: three from Nunavut, three from m3Îi9l ˜Xgxus8i4, Ì4fx r=Zg§a7uJ5 wª[xl8i4. Nunavik, and two from Labrador, who also repre- §rxaZlx6, nN1axymJoEp4f5 W/ExgJ7mE4ƒc5bMs3mb sent the Inuvialuit. W5Jtc3ht4 ®Ns/c3tbsAtQ§ui4 v?mgc4f5 wkoEpgcq8k5. Ì4fx Unfortunatly, the IAF has been going through R! uox8ÌMi4 gÇZc§aZu4 et3clxq5 v?mgc4fi5 W/s§a7mb. a very difficult period concerning it’s funding from kÌ5 v?m4f5 gÇZq5 ra?Ex3tyMsJ5 nN1axymJoEp4fi4 DIAND. Half of its just over $1-million budget comes ®Ns/c3tyAtQ§ui4, k3ct5ygw8NExcMe5ht4 xsM§ui4, from DIAND. New government policies delayed fund- wMc3ht4 eu3DxoxE§3ui4, wkw5 nN1axym/q5 xto7u4, ing for the IAF, which endangered the continuation x7ml xuh7mE8i4 vJyJi4 of their operations, includ- WNhx3bsJi4. WNhx3bs?5g5 ing their magazine, Inuit Art sfxa7uJ5 wl3DyoEi6, Quarterly, and many on-going WQs3ãi3l W?9oxt5yi3l, projects. These projects d9on/oEsᑏ5 Ws4ftq8i4 include cultural industries, gi3DtQ§3ui4 wkw5 kNzk5, training and development, x7ml kN3JxusactŒk5 quarry equipment contri- W?9oxtbs§i4 s5©tQlA butions to the North, and wk5hoxah8î5 WQx3tbsymJu4 international events such as vNbs2 xzJçmEzk5 N2Xym- the proposed construction of ix3gu4 kÌu4 vNbus2 issued by the prime x9M[zi4 É+˜8u x7ml y8 minister for the new Canadian

Wb+Í4u, Îyxu. SAMMY KUDLUK embassy in Iceland and in St. nN1axymJoEp4f5 m3D[5ht4 Peterburg, Russia. vtmic3ty?Ms3ht4 bm5huz, c=Q6 wkw5 nN1axymJoEpq5, The IAF’s formerly biannual gatherings, Qaqqiq, wl3DytA9l bf5nst5yiE§q5, is3Dtc3iE§q9l wkw5 of Inuit artists, cultural demonstrations and sale nN1axym/q8i4 xbsyxgw8Nht4 vJytbs§ao3g5, ryxi of inuit art, have been reduced to once a year, kbsyo3ymo3uJ5 cEbs/4f5 bfQx3[sA8Ngu4 (www.inuitart.org) but their updated internet site (www.inuitart.org) cEbs/4f5 W/Exr8insoEK6 is[3[sA8No3hi wkw5 nN1axym/ makes online shopping easier for potential Inuit art q8i4 x7ml xuh7mE8k5 W?9odbsymo3hi. customers and has had many benefits. ®Ns/c3tbs5yxq4vlx3ht4, nN1axymJoEp4f5 vtmpq5 In spite of limited funding, the IAF’s board delib- scctŒ8ic3ht4 sX5bsQxcyMsJ5 v?mgc4f5 wkoEpgcq8i5 eration resulted in an official from DIAND attending WymJj5 nN1axymJoEp4f5 vtmpq8i4 h3dwbst5yQx3ghi the IAF’s board meeting to give reassurance of con- yKi5nu vJyJu4 ®Ns/c3tbsq8NMzQxq5 tudtz5. Ì8N tinued funding for the future of this organization. ñu, µ8Nf5 mr{[s2 eu3Dxq8k5 ᐋ3ehwpj5 wvJ3tQ/so3g6, Sammy, who is now also Makivik’s new Associate scMsJJ6 vtmi3j5 bftbs5yxEx3g[isQxu4 nN1axymJoEî5 Editor, says this meeting helped him to realize the

W?9ot5ygw8NExc3iq8i4 kN[7us5 nN1axtq8i4, wl3Dyzi9l IAF’s potential to benefit Nunavik Inuit artists, cul- magazine x7ml kNzb is3D[s?8izi4. ture, and tourism in the region. MAKIVIK

67 kN[7u W?9oxJ5

vNboµu eu3DZ5noE[zi On Board the wMscbsyJ6 National Gallery of Canada

vNboµu eu3DZ5noE[z xg¿u, v?m4f5 sc3[mEzb Canada’s National Gallery in Ottawa, situated near the nixî5hi, kN3Jxdt5ti bfAuN3iXsJ6 sX5bsA8N©5hi. Parliament grounds, is one of the country’s most impres- x7ml µ8Nf5 kN[7us5 wkw5 WJEstcD8No3g5 wMz5 sive institutions. And now the Inuit of Nunavik have a right w5y?cbs§ao3m5 tAux3tscbs5hi ybmsJ1qZ3gk5 to feel proud that one of our own sits within a board of sev- vmps5ht4 eu3D[s2 wq3Cizi4. Îb frxW4, S3gi3ni4 en trustees who oversee this gallery’s operations. Rhoda grjx5typ7mEsJ6 x?b6 Kokiapik, executive director of WsygcoE[zi, to/sMsJ6 the Avataq Cultural Institute, Ì4fkz wMsÔcbsixo3hi à was appointed to the board @&–u to/s7mE5bsio[ist9lA following a May 27th decree Privy Council–fk5. >bm8N from the Privy Council. “I am WNhx3ym/4vk5 kwbt5yAtsoDi sure this will look nice on my WsJ1axaMzÔAlx6, ryxi resumé, but this is not my W5JtQ9MEMsqbC to/- number one reason for accept- sAtZi xqDtQMs3bCk5,> ing the appointment,” Rhoda scMsJK6 Îb, >xq3Dtc3Sz says, “I accepted the position Ì5huz wisJu4 bft5yAm5hz to show other Inuit that they wk8i4 ckoµD8Nyx3mb can do anything if they really xJw8NyxgxDt4.> try hard.” Wb ᐋbu, mr{[s2 P i t a A t a m i , M a k i v i k

xzJ3çz5, topMsJK6 Îbu4 COMPLIMENTS: GALLERY OF NATIONAL CANADA Corporation’s president, nom- Ì5hjz wisJj5. Ì8N scMsJ6 inated Rhoda for the position. wµ4, >Ì8N x?b4fiusao3g6 xfixl4 cspmic3hil He said, “She has been with Avataq for a long time and she Ö5hmib5n/3i4. gngxC5b wMscbsJ5nysExq5, x7ml knows about artifacts. When we heard that they were look- wkgw8Nysti4 Ö5hmib5n/os7mEsQxq5, w3ònyMsJKz ing for a candidate to become a board member, and that rNZM7u4 N7ui6 Ö5hmibdt5ti4 cspmic3gu4 they had a lot of artifacts from the Inuit, I thought some- W7mEsicC/3tlA Ì4fkz wMsÔcbsgx3X5. bm8N body with knowledge of our own artifacts would be an asset W5JtQ/slxaxMsJJ6 ® ¥8-Jox8j5 Gsc3[mE7u to have on the board. That is the main reason Guy St-Julien kN[7us5 r=Zg3tzk5H gn3tyAts5hi ei3bsJcExzi4 (Nunavik’s federal MP) originally informed me that they wMscbsJ5nu4. were looking for a candidate.” Îb v5hô5©Atc7mE§aK6 wkw5 wl3Dyzi4 Rhoda is passionate about promoting the Inuit culture scsyzi9l x7ml iEsQ/c3hi bµi vNboµu and language, and hopes that her presence at the National eu3D[zi kwbiz, WA5pizl x?b4fi4, Gallery, combined with her service at Avataq, will help to bf8ˆbsi3nst5yixExz bm5huz Ö5hmiboE[7u4. focus wider attention on this topic. “I try to bring aware- >csp/st5yZhxMzKz wl3DyoEi3u4 W[5nÌ5ngxDm,> ness to culture every chance I get,” she says, “Even though ÖàoMsJK6. >bm8N wl3DyoEi6 W/5ã5 xÌzi8iX- culture is often at the bottom of the list when it comes s§aZlx3tlA nS7uAt5nys3[cogxC5b v?m4fi5 to support from government and other (funding institu- xyq8il ®Ns/c3tyA8Ngi5>. tions).” vNboµu eu3D[z, kN3JxusactŒ5 x5pŒqg5 The National Gallery of Canada, a visual arts muse- nN1axym/q8i4 bf5nbc§a5hi, kx5yym[s§aK6 um of international stature, holds its collection of art in nN1axbsymJi4 vNbusoµ5 r=Zg3hQ5. Ì4fx wkgw8Nysᑏ5 trust for all Canadians. Their Inuit collection contains near- sk3iø5 !#))–vn8i4 kN5yxu9l kNK5ul kN[7ul ly 1300 works from the Northwest Territories, Nunavut, ˜Xgx3ul WymJ3i4. Ì4fx eu3D[s2 vtmpq5 xfî3ic§5 Nunavik, and Labrador. Their board members serve for a

eu3Dxq5 Wzhi4 x3ÇAi4. term of three years. mr[4f5

68 NUNAVIK notes

x[ctŒAtc3g5 wl3Dy3u4 Shared Culture wª/1axtA5 with Puppets

ª?+fyxu5 Mermaid Theatre–u5 WymJ5 wMcMsJ5 Performers from Nova Scotia’s Mermaid Theatre, wª/1axi4 xqJ9ME8i, xoxhxt5yc5bht4 bf8NEx3ymJi4 including a cast of life-sized puppets, entertained audi- sfNi xfo[4, n9lw5, dx3b6, xsXl4 x7ml ƒ4Jx6 à ences in Akulivik, Salluit, Quaqtaq, Aupaluk and Kuujjuaq b6rEMs3bzi. last May. Ì4fx W1axc5bMsJ5 xto7u4 wà5gu4 Noah and the Woolly Mammoth xgxZox[i3u4 Howard Norman–j5, xto7u4 The Girl Who Dreamed only Geese–u4. xWE/sogxCu4 hc5bMs3m¯3u4 kN[7u, Ì4fx grjx5typz5, Jim Morrow, scMsJ6 wµ4, >xoxN3gmEsMsJK6 xuh7mE8k5 WxC3k5 bfix3bsc5bMsExu4 bf8Ns÷3tyicᕇgx3mb x5©/- Ex3ght4 wª/1axi4, xNs9MZ3il W1axcc5bht4 xyq8il i5/l5ÌDti4, wo8ixtbsc5bExu9l vb5/i3u4, bf8ˆtbsc5bhbl ck6 xbsy3j5 is7j5 m3Îk9l is8k5 gr3iZhx§a7m¯b. bm8N hoJu4 xgctŒAtQMs3bK5 wl3Dy3u4.> bf8Ns÷Ex3ymJ5 NlNMs1qg5 xJá9ost- bsQxq5 W1axbq8k5, Wlx3gu4 WxC3k5. Ì4fx W1axtk5 wMsJ5 iEtbsc5bMs3g5 iegw8Ni4, ej5yc5bsc5bht9l, bfix3ht9l nN1axti4, x7ml m3DoxD4f5 cz5bÔc5bht4 kNo8k5 x3[b3ht4. >S˜Ex3ym[QMs3bK5 xr/sMs1qg5

x7ml Ö4fkz st5nstQxW˜Dm5hb,> Öào5hi BOB MESHER scMsJ6 Jim Morrow. Their play, Noah and the Woolly Mammoth, is based on a book by Howard Norman, entitled The Girl Who Dreamed only Geese. When asked about their experiences in Nunavik, their director, Jim Morrow, said, “It was a tremendous thrill to have crowds of children gather around the performers at the end of the show to touch the puppets, play the drums and other instruments, teach us throat singing, and even show us how to perform the one-legged and two-legged high kick. It was truly a shared cultural experience.” Theatre goers were obviously awed by their per- formance, especially the children. The troop members had an opportunity enjoy various country foods, ride on a dog sled, visit carvers, and travel by Twin Otter from

BOB MESHER village to village. “Our hosts were fabulous and we would love to return very soon,” commented Morrow. Ì4fx ®Ns/c3tbsA8NMsJ5 Canada Council for the Arts–fk5, Funding from the Canada Council for the Arts, the Gathering Strengths Program–j9l Gvt[4 wo8ixioEi4f5 Gathering Strengths Program (administered by KSB)

xsMbzk5H x7ml x?b4fk5. and Avataq made this performance possible. magazine MAKIVIK

69 kN[7u W?9oxJ5

cu9lA ñMQoD4

kN[7us5 Wtbsymo3g5 fÑ4f5 ckwqyx3ioEpq5b this up to six percent. We want to keep this trophy for another wob3ymstzi4 ßuz >k3cyà8NE5 ñMc3ixC[5> year!” Sn8ttA5 S3gi3XsMsCu4 hÍDy/§[i3i4 fÑoµu, Ì4fx Also for having the highest percentage of winning quit- yKios3ymMs3mb hÍDy/D8â˜3lt4 Wz§J3gi4 WNhxDy3i ters, Aupaluk received the school challenge award, while µ5p ! x7ml ÉEo !! xf8izi. Tasiujaq won the community challenge award. Inuit and kN[7usi4 r=Zg3hi, ckwqyxioEpsJ6, Ït Cree populations have the highest percentage of smokers in yªX, WtbsMs3g6 wobE/sAtu4 s?1z5 kN[7u Québec, with 70 percent of adults and 80 percent of youth kNooµ5 wlyoEi3u4 vtmpq5b xzJçzi5, ÷i hooked on tobacco. It is estimated that around $2-million per N3ÖÇl7u5. grjx5typ7mEsJ6 §0 ©E, kwbcbsMsJ6 year is spent in Nunavik on this toxic product. É5gwic3tlQ5, d[x§tc7mEMsJ6 sc3hil wµ4, Upon receiving the award, Kathy expressed special >kN[7us5 $¶-q5 ñMcstZhx3ij5 wMsMs3g5 b=Zi thanks to all Nunavimmiut for their participation in the con- x3ÇAu, ryxi x3ÇA˜3gu ^¶-j5 trstymdN˜o3g5. test, as well as First Air, Air Inuit, the Travelodge Hotel, wobE/sAtu4 tAuxq8NDmZ5b ho x3ÇAoµu¡> Northern Stores, the FCNQ, and the various Nunavik munici- S3gi3Ùu Sn8tc3ht4 k3cymo3gi4 gÙru4, xsXl7us5 pal offices who provided donations. wo8ix[s2 W/stZhx3bzi4 WMsJ5, bys/3usl kNø5 W/stZhx3bzi4 Wt9lQ5. wkw9l x9äl wkdtq5 S3gi3Ùi4 Sn8tc3g5 hSDy/§i4 fÑ4u, &)¶-q5 wk7mEq5b x7ml *)¶-q5 s[4vq5b gÙrg§at9lQ5. kN[7u WNhxZE/s§i4 whmQ/symK6 R@ uox8ÌMi4 x3ÇAbµ5 xg3bsJc§aQxz kN[7u gÙrj5. bf5nst5yi6 wobE/sAtu4 WogxCu, Ït scMsJ6 Nf3üiC3hi kN[7usoµi4 wMscbsMs3gi4 ñMcstZhx3ij5, sfi- kN[7u WzJQo3bzi4 Zl Ó+5 wx, wkw5 cz5bÔq5, gx¿9u yi5b[z, x3ÇAbµ3ystu4 WNhxZE/- is[3ix[xlw5, wMŒn6, x7ml x5pŒqgi4 kNø5 s§3i4 bf5nst5yisMsJK5, v?µWq5b x9M[q8i4 gi3Dti4 Wbc3tyMs3mb. vJytbsic3tlA ƒ4Jx2 vt5b[zi, W[5nE/st9lA @@–k5 W+Nyk5 tusJ3kl hNi4 WNhxZc§a7m¯b Butting Out to Win bf5nst5yht4. wMzA bfix3gc5yxc5bMsqvlx3tlA, xuh7mE8i4 Nunavik has received the Québec public health’s “Stay Quit wk8i4 WxC3il bfix3gcc5bMs3g6 hNhxo3m¯b to Win” award for having the highest percentage of former kx5yQx3ght9l WNhZ5n/ªozJlÏi4 WNhx3[o8k5. smokers out of any region in the province who committed Ìø8 cs4Ü, N7uic3g6 x5pxW4 x5paxoEpq8i4, themselves to refrain from smoking for six weeks, between Nf3ni3XsMs3g6. scMsJK6 wµ4, >bm5hjz March 1st and April 11th. WNhxZ3i4 bf5nst5yisMs3gj5 bft5yA8NyMs3SA5 On behalf of the region, public health agent, Kathy wk8i4 hNi4 WA5pAt5nc3m¯5b kN[7u. xuh7mE8k5 Snowball, received the award from the chairman of the W5yxiC3bsc5bMs3dz, x7ml wkw5 µ8Nst9lA Nunavik Regional Board of Health and Social Services gry?9oxo3ht4 c9lˆk5 xs9Mt5yQxc§aA8âCu4 (NRBHSS), Johnny Naktialuk. NRBHSS director, Serge Dery, x5paxos3bsAtq8k5 s{?¬8î5 xbsy3u4 Ü?9MAy3u4 who was also on hand for the presentation, was jubilant about x5paxosD8Niso3gu4. the achievement, stating, “Four percent of Nunavimmiut took >xuh7mᕇ5 wkw5 xoxQ/cMsJJ5 bfQxu4 bm5huz part in the contest this year, but next year we want to get W?9oxMs3gu4,> ÖàoMsJJ6 µf rsps, ᐋ3ehw- psMsJ6 bm5huz bf5nst5yi3u4, >bm8N gryN3©Ms3g6

eu3Dxq5 Ö4fkz wk8k5.> mr[4f5

70 NUNAVIK notes

Wxê5 vJy5yxicD8Nyx3uJ5 xyq8k5 WxCs7uJk5 wk5tg5 wo8ixi6, wo8ix[7u. bm4fx gry/symJ5 whmc3tyymo3g5 WxC6 WsJ7mEsK6 WxC3k5 sçA8NqgxDi gryA8NqgxDi¬8î5 scsy3u4 Gs5©tQla c9lˆt©u4 AwAwt©u9¬î5H W5yxq5©gw8NExc3tlA, Wsygc5tA5, xuh7mᕇ5 woãº5 s2WE/cc5bymJ5 WQxzizisZlx6. ryxi wo8ixtbsAi wo8ixt5yAt c9lˆtg9¬î5 AwAwtg9¬î5 ryxi scsy9MEQ§ui4, §ayosut5yix3g6 sc5yxDy3i4, Öm hvyosut5yMzQxz WxCs2 x©t/c3Xoxizk5 xg3icD8Nixo3mb wo8ixChxogx3m5 xyq8i4 scsy3u4. sk3iã5 wl3Dyq8k5 x7ml W[5nc3insosuMz5ht4 ho, wkgw8Nj5 wo8ixt5ypj5 wo8ixtbsgxDi, WZhx3insosuA8Nylt4 w9lu wªy3u. ryxi, wkw5 Wxê5 wh3Eic5yxgw8NMz5/q5g6 won3[ui, ryxil Ì8N W?9ocbsA8NuJ5 N7ui6 scsy3ui4 wo8ixtbsc5bgxCu4 wo8ixt5ypz x5pzi4 wl3Dyccbsgx3m5 WxC3j5 yK9oÙi x3ÇAi wo8ixEx1zogx3mb. w5/Z5nsyxD8N[c5yxu7m5. c7uf5 cspn3bsMs3g5 sfiz Stephen C. Wright, bm5hjz gn3tyAᑏ5 Ö/sAtø5 vt[4f5 WQx3tbz University of California wo8ix[7mEzi5 WymJ6 x7ml cspn3i6: gnsmi4f5 grÌEts?5g5 g1z[q5 Kativik Donald M. Taylor, McGill University wo8ix[7mEzi5 WymJ6, Initiated Research: the Basis for Informed Decision Making, WNhxctc3ht4 vt[4 wo8ixioE[7u4 x7ml ƒ4Jx2 W/sA8Ng5 vt[4 wo8ixioE[7u5. won3ioEpq8i4, bf5nst5yymJ5 wo8ixtbsogxCu4 N7ui6 scsy3ui4 x7ml wozic3hi wl3Dyzk5, wkw5 Inuttitut Schooling: Good for Inuit Kids Trade Show gives Face Traditionally, many educators believed that teaching only to Organizations in English or French speeds up a child’s shift into the major- ity culture and improves their chances of competing in the mainstream society. However, it seems that Inuit children Nunavik’s third can benefit from programs taught in their own language annual trade show, during the first years of schooling. held at Kuujjuaq’s Recent studies conducted by Stephen C. Wright of town hall, provid- the University of California and Donald M. Taylor, of McGill ed an opportunity University, in collaboration with the Kativik School Board for 22 businesses and the Kuujjuaq Education Committee, have shown that, and organizations when taught in their own language and in a way that cor- to give a face to responds to their cultural background, Inuit children can what they do. be as successful as any other child in school. Although the Their findings suggest that if a child cannot speak turnout was slow or understand the language being used in class (such as at times, many adults and children stopped in to see what English or French) he is likely to do poorly, at least in the was going on and to collect promotional items from each beginning. But if he is taught in his mother tongue, he will table. Darlene Kauki, owner of Atjiapik Photo, was espe- develop stronger language abilities, which will then be use- cially pleased. She said, “The trade show gave us a chance ful in learning other languages. Furthermore, if he is taught to show people what we have to offer in Nunavik. I received by an Inuk teacher, he will not only feel more comfortable a lot of compliments, and people now realize they do not in class, but the teacher, being from the same culture as have to go South for these products or for one-hour photo the child, may serve as a positive role model. development services. The report, entitled Kativik Initiated Research: the “Many people are glad to see this event,” said Marc Basis for Informed Decision Making, is available from the

Carrier, who organized the event, “It was informative for Kativik School Board. magazine them.” MAKIVIK

71 ᐋbu Ù9M÷5 Adamie Padlayat.

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mr[4f5 Wix3ioEJk5 wMscbsi3nso3mb. 72 A Glance at the Past with Commitment to kN[7us5 s[Z3gq5b r4Zg3tq5 mr{[f5 vt1zic3tlQ5 the Future FILE PHOTO wk5Jxu !(*(-at9lA wMs/3gymJ5 Nunavik’s youth representatives at a Makivik meeting in Inukjuak, 1989. By Adamie Padlayat

As the years go by, yesterday’s youth valuable things in their minds. front cover photo showing a group of young become the adults of today, hence it has “If each of the settlements had youth looking Inuit with a big sign on the wall been said many times: “Today’s youth are councils or some sort of committees, it behind them that read: “Youth Meeting, our leaders of tomorrow.” would be considered a great help to our Puvirnituq, November 4,5,6 1976”. Many Makivik executives have taken life and culture. Maybe they would even I had a good telephone conversation momentous standpoints regarding youth visit each other and have meetings in one with Tania S. Qinuajuak, who was the first involvement in the issues of the day. I settlement annually. If this is considered president of the Northern Quebec Regional have approached Johnny Peters, Tania well, and if people accept it, we would try Youth Council, with “a very good board of Qinuajuak and Mary Simon to get a com- and find money to start the young peoples’ directors,” back in 1976. Back then, youth bined summary of how youth concerns committee in the settlements.” council directors could hold their seats for have evolved, and where the youth have Johnny has been one of the longest- two years and regular directors could hold sought guidance and advice. term leaders for Makivik, now serving his their seats for one year. I told him I’d First of all, I came across a story in 13th year of service as an executive mem- write a few questions for him concerning the April, 1976 edition of Taqralik maga- ber. Johnny says today, “Our young Inuit the past 25 years since the inception of zine that was submitted by Johnny Peters, are more involved today. They are more youth councils. Tania replied with a letter, entitled “Young People Wake Up”. In this equipped. They have committee’s in each in which he wrote: “ I will try to answer the article, Johnny Peters wrote, “ I would like community as well as a regional youth best I can... after all, it’s been over a quar- to give my viewpoint to all young Inuit peo- committee for Nunavik. The Youth are able ter of a century since we’ve had those first ple. I have thought of this for a great deal to watch over their political, cultural, envi- meetings. It brings back good memories. of time. Maybe it would help a lot if the ronmental and wildlife in their own region. “The first regional youth meeting was young people would start building some We must keep our Youth in the loop as organized and sponsored by the Recreation sort of a committee in each of the set- they will eventually take over our files. Department of the Northern Quebec Inuit tlements. I am sure that some of these I then came across the December/ Association (NQIA), and it was held in settlements do not have such things. January 1976-1977 edition of Taqralik, Kuujjuaq in late August of 1976. It was a These young people are losing a lot of which really blew my mind when I saw the first regional youth gathering was mostly a fact-finding meeting about a rapidly grow- ing youth population in the region. There were no firm agendas or mandates. “Naturally, having a roomful of 60 or so young people with fresh and eager minds, some good ideas and discussions were tossed back and forth. In that meet- ing, the need for a regional youth council or youth association and youth committees were brought forth. At those meetings, we passed a resolution to start such a coun- cil and committees. Subsequent meetings were held, and youth council and youth committees were born. “We communicated with each other by

long distance telephone calls (we already magazine had satellite phone service) or by giving

ALEC GORDON !(&^-at9lA WhC÷5g5 x5ñyÔu s[Z3gw5 vtmi3Jxc3tlQ5. a letter to a passing traveller going to a Strolling at the 1976 False River Youth Conference.

certain village. We had no fax machines, e- MAKIVIK 73 xuhi9l s[4vi4 vtyc5bExu4 WNhxc- tcc5bExu9l. kÌi4 xfî3gi9l wM8ˆbsMs3ymJz xuh7mE8i4 s[4Ü5 wkdtq8i4. s7mtZi4 gipKz wMQ/sJk5 ¥usi Ws/8[i3j5 ᐋN SgA3jl, Ì4fx yK9oXs5ht4 vtmpsMs3ym7mb s[4Ü5 vtmpq8k5. WJEstc3Sz WNhxctc3ymQxu4 xuh7mE8il whmZhxDt5ni4 eic- tc3hz sçAtc3hzl.> Öv1z5, x9M[cyMs3ymKz uxp ãm8u4, Ö5hmi #!–i4 srsc3hi mr{[f8k5 x9Mt7mEsQxzMs3ym7m5. Ì8N s9lu vNbusk5 r=Zg3tQ/so3g6 yM3Jxus5 srs3bgoEizk5. s9lu s[Z3gw5 gkuî5gu xr8Nu x9MymJdtc3g5 wàoJi4 >s[Z3gw5 WNhxZ3utA5, uxp WA5pgw8N§a5/q5g5 vtmi3Jxz5 S[3igu, ª[7WE $,%,^, !(&^-u> FILE PHOTO kN[s2 wkq8i4, ryxil wk8i4 A group of young Inuit with a big sign on the wall behind them that reads: “Youth Meeting, Puvirnituq, November 4,5,6 1976”. vNboµu5 WymJ3i4, x7ml5bs6 xyq8i4 b3Cus5 kNc6ÏymJdtq5b wkdtq8i4 x3ÇAw5 vtmQx1zc5boMs3ym7mbi5. bm8N vtmicEx1zMs3ymJ5 S[3igu whxd- xyq8il vNbs2 b3Cusdtq8i4. w3csm5yxN3gi4 st3[sN3gyxaK6. tc5yxMs3ymZu4 cz5bÔc§a5yxhil. sfiz scsycD8NMsJ6: >xy5pg7m- >yK9oÙu kNooµ5 s[4vq5 w3csmQxc3St5, Ö5hmist9lA u{[c- Esymo3g6 @%–i4 x3ÇÅMs3gi4. vtmic3g[î5 X3Nbst9lA W1axio- Ms3ym1qm5, kNo8i W1ax[c1q- srs3bgus5, Wlx3gu4 wkw5 xyq9l Epq8k5 sfx fÑ4 b3Czi wkw5 ht9l wo8ixᕖ9¬î5 W1ax[c1qht4 kNc6ÏymJ3k5 wkdtQ/s7uJ5, vg5pctŒ8izi, ƒ4Jxü5ht4 xsA+t yi5b[7u¬8î5. S[3igu, kÌu4 wo8ix[- Ws4ftc5yxi3ns§ao3g5 yKixÅymJ3u5, !(&^–at9lA. bm8N yK9oÙ9lg5yxu os3cuMs3ymJ5 x7ml xJw8NExgw8Nhb wMscbs9MEA8No3ht4 vJyb5yxgi4 vN- kNoom5 s[4vq8k5 vtm[symJ6 v?mgc4f5 wo8i[zb W1ax[zi4 bustA5, kNoc3[sJtA9l yM3JxustA9l gryix3ilxaxu4 W5Jtclxaxtbs5hi Wix3ioEiq8k5 mrbZhxDt5ã9l bm5hjz s[4Ü5 wkdtq5b grÌ3bsQxc3iq8k5. !) x3ÇAMs3gw5 sk3y?9oxJ7mEso3iq8k5 bµi kNu. xuhi4 WsÔic3gi4 xy5pgc3ymo3g6 h3dwbs5yxymJi4 grjxAtc3iq5gw¬8î5 gÇZc3if5 Wd/tA9l ckwosctŒ8if5 top9MExl8icCbt9¬î5. srs3bgus5 wkdtq5bl v?m4fl >cEx3üogxCu4 ^)–Zä5 s[4Ü5 xf8iztA5, x5pŒ8in3u4 g1z[- wkdtq5 whmq5 kÌa5yxt9lQ5 os3bsJc3hi WNhxctŒ5yxDt5ni4 v5hô5yxmE5ht9l, wMqtA5 whm5y- WD3Xoxq8NoµMzo3gu4. xN3gi4 sçAt5ni9l bs3yv5b- uxp ãm8 scsycDmMsJ6 Nf3üi3u4 bsJcc5bMs3ymJ6. Övi vtmi3u kN[s2 yKixA9l s9lul yKo3tq8i4

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mr[4f5 >yK9oÙu s[4Ü5 vtmpq5 Nf3üDm5hz WsJ3i4 vtmpcMs3ymZ5b vJytbs?o3gi4. 74 mail, or Internet, and we certainly were not Mary Simon also wished to express risking using irregular mail services. thanks to Nunavik’s past and present lead- “We held the first Youth Council ers who paved the path in development for meeting in Puvirnituq because of the avail- youth councils, committees and centres. ability of facilities and regular air service. When I saw that picture of the 1976 Remember, there were no airports and youth meeting, I realized how true it is that community centres or even school gym- youth today are our future leaders, and ÷i Wb wMs/3gymMsJK5 kN[7us5

nasiums and hotels. In Puvirnituq, they had many of those people from the photo are FILE PHOTO s[Z3gq5 x5ñyÔu !(&^-at9lA just built a new school and with a little now mayors, chairmen, teachers, and board vtmi3JxcEx3gymAtq8i. ºu JxNy frbX5hi kwb7uJ6. bit of arm twisting, we used the old feder- members for organizations in Nunavik. My Johnny Peters attended the Nunavik youth al day school classroom all to ourselves... heartfelt thanks go out to all of those who conference at False River in 1976. That’s Jimmy Johannes strumming the six-string. rent free! Some families were even came before, to pave the way for the work eager to take in guests for free. Our only that we are continuing on with. expense was airline tickets and air char- ters. (Meanwhile) I was from Puvirnituq at the time, and I was just as eager to “get kN[7u W1axt out of town” as anybody else.” Nunavik Player “Your questions bring back fond memories, and I want to take this oppor- tunity to thank the good directors I had and many youth I met and worked with. I made new and lasting friendships with many young people. My heart goes out to the families of the late Simeonie Baron and Anna Putugu, who were among the xtz: xÚ/6 e¥6 first directors of the youth council. I had wªo3[zb s9lz: /kxE $, !(%! the privilege of working and sharing many wªo3[zb kNoz: tøZ3[4, vq3hJx2 yeizi ideas and discussions with them.” xq3Czb kNoz: vq3hJx6 From there, I then wrote to Mary wk5yxdtq5: xzJ3çq4, ÷i >Xv3t> x7ml oy >NJ7u> Simon who, at the age 31, was Makivik’s W1axDt5yxdtz: wkw5 W1axDyq5, Wlx3gu4 first corporate secretary. Today she is the s3Dt5yZhxc5bsti6 Canadian Ambassador for Circumpolar ie5yxdtq5: g5g[i6, wcl4, m5b6 Affairs. In her capacity today, Mary is hNhxChx3iz: Wsygc3tA5 x8NsmZhx3iu4 xbs5yƒ3typ able to serve not only the Inuit of Nunavik, yKi5nu gÇZq5: xu§i3ã5 s{Z3gw5 mòA8Nyxo3tlQ5 but also Inuit from all of Canada, as well x{[xlbEi3Xv: w7uix3gcgx3m5 as other northern Aboriginal peoples and v?Ei3Xq5: n9lAbsJcgx3m5 wk7u4 gñt8NA rsQx9M[c3tNA northern Canadians. She had the following to share: “A Name: Aquyaq Qissiiq tremendous amount of change has tak- Date of birth: January 4, 1951 en place in the last 25 years. Arctic Place of birth: Tiliigarvik, 15 miles south of Kangiqsujuaq residents, – in particular Inuit and other Home community: Kangiqsujuaq indigenous peoples – are better equipped Favourite people: My parents, Johnny “Pakkarti” and Lizzie “Najummi” now than in the past to participate force- Favourite sport: Inuit games, especially tug of war fully and consecutively in national, regional Favourite food: Caribou, fish and muttaq and global political and economic decision Occupation: Coordinator for the Traditional Survival Skills Heritage making. Over the past 10 years, many Program positive changes have occurred in both Future goals: To see more young people out hunting policy and legal relationships between Most difficult obstacle

Arctic indigenous peoples and govern- to overcome: When a person commits suicide magazine ment, creating a more equitable basis for Pet peeve: When anyone tells lies about a person who is not there the productive partnership that will con- to defend themself. tinue to emerge.” MAKIVIK 75 xyxk5 vtmixDyc3gk5 xuh7mE8k5 s[4vk5 sX5bsJc3ymMsJ7uJ6 eu3Dxcstü5tlQ5 m3Îi4 wª8i4 sçpc3tlA M1axgcyxec5bhil. bm8N xJá5gmEsMsJ6 ᐋ3eh3ymJu4 M1axic§a5/q8Nb kN[7u. s[4Ü5 yKjxAtc3g5 wkw5 M1ax§aMsJ5 Öm sçpz i9ogx3m5 xyxA5 M1axyc5buht4, w7uix3Öomt5yi3u4 wJ3Nht4 hvñv9Mht9¬î5. w7uix3i6 grÌDtsQxc1qM6. hNgw8Noµ5 çq§a7mb. xᑏ vNbu vg5pctŒ8isJ6 w7uix3Ö- whmN3yZ/3gi4 kwA8NC/3bK8i4 w3csmÜ8NMsE5 xoxh1q©Ü8Ng[isi3i4 omJoEi3j5 x3ÇAbµ3ystui4 w7uix3ÖomJoEi3j5 vtmico3Xb x7ml bfQxlt4 w7ui4 s9luso3g6 vtmi7mEcMsJK6 wclw5, vq3hu ª[7WE @))#–u. cspmixC[5 hNgw8â5 xiA§a7mb. kNK7u, à !%$–u5 !*–j5. $)–ZM8i4 kN[7us5 vtmQx3gymJ5 vtmicyMsJ5 kN[7usi4 vtmQx3ggcMsJJ6 WQxᕇ3ymogx3mb X3NX9oxht4 kN[7us5 yKjx8i6 wMst9lQ5 sfx mr{[2 s[4voEpz5 @% uN5yi4 xfî3io7u4 scsy5nq8i4. vtmi7mE6 Ö/sAyc3tbsMsJJ6 ᐋbu Ù9M÷5, x7ml5bs6 Îb w5g6, kN[7usi4 sçJcMsJ7uJ6 grym/sd/3ui4 ßuz >yKjx8i6> x7ml ¥M Ax5–fl5¥ r=Zg3hi nSᑏ5 s[4Ü5 vg5pc- wªy3u4 w7uix3go[isgx3m5 wMQ/- xzJçE/sJ6 wkw5 yM3Jxus5 tŒ8izi4 sz?usk5. ᐋbul Îbl sJu4, x5gbsN3gmEsMsJ6. Îb w5g6 vtmp3Jxq8k5 sç[cMsJ7uJ6 gñQ- si4vsycMsJ7mt4 x©t/[i3ui4 µi vq3hus6 kN5yxu W?9oxJw5 x3gymJi4 W9MEsic7mE5gi4. vtm- xgx3bsA8Ng5. eu3Dxq5b yK9oÙzîMsJ6 x5paxz i7mEs2 Ö/sAyz N˜A3[Q5hA Ì8N i[1ôt9lA Wctubl wMubl xtq8i4 mfiz scsycMsJ6: ᐋbu Ù9M÷5 w7uix3ymJi4. >s2WE/c9ME2Sz yKjxA8NEx5ti4. vtmi7mE7j5 òd/sMsJKz #^–ZMsMsJ5 vtmQx3gymJ5 kN[7us5, s2WE/c3Sz rsAt5ncEx5ti4 wl5ti xzJçaiCk5 Ì4fkz vNboµu wkw5 mfxl Wix3ioEº5 yKo3tMÏq5, yKjxA8Nst5nt8i4 yMgAtc3lb s[4Ü5 vtmpq8k5. Ì4fx gÇZElx- wo8ixᕖ9l r=Zg3tq5, wkoEº9l, wl3Dy5ti4 yMgAbsJi9l xyxi5 axbq5 wMc3g5 w7uix3ÖomJoEi3u4 xyq9l wMscbs?5g5 w7uix3ÖomJoEi3j5 WymJi5, Nigw8N6 Ni/sA8NXb. ckwoQxDtcEc3iu9l. Ì4fx vtmº5 ckwoQxDtc§ai3jl. s2WE/c3Sz Ì4fx ra¿K5 WNh5tÌ3XoxZhxo3uJ5 s[4vu4 v2WxñEi4f5 xros3ymQxcD8âEx5ti4 vNboµu wk8k5 w7uix3ÖomJoEi3u4 Îb w5g6 s?A5 wk7mEsi3u4 wªyco3gA5 ckwoQxDtc3iu9l grjx5typsix3tlA xuh7mEsˆ3tht4 vtmixWc- Wlv5b[istZhxgw8Nif5tk5 WNhx3[c3li wkw5 kNzi. c5bMsJ7mb N9oxk5nixExu4 NlN3yZM- Wix3icDtQ5hA i1zsmi3u4 v2Wxh8iu9l òd/symQx6 bm5hjz W7mE7j5 c5bMsJx9˜5 bm8N vtmi7mEoµ6 x8itEstQ5hA ni9ous5ti4 Ömzoµ3l vtmi7mE7j5 xuh7mE8k5 s[4vk5 wl8Nz sX5ymAuNc5bMsJ7m5. yK9oÙu, N9oQi3Ùt8i4. W[5nc3[soMsJ6 gñA8Ny[s5hi gry5yxN9ME5gj5 vtmixWc3gªMsJKz >Wym5hb yMgJu4 wl3Dyo7u4 xyq8i5 kNc3gi4 vNbu wkq8i5. bm5hjz WsyE/s§k5, ck3l X3âiA8NDtQ5hA eg3zt8i4 wªy3j5 s[4Ü5 ÏWg3[zi, grjxz[sMsJJu4 Wxê5 whmc§a7m¯b, x7ml hj5 kNu x5hD3NmE5gu srs3bgu, cspmKz, s[4vk5 xoxhxt5yAmJk5, sçA8NyMsJKz xoxh1q©§a7m¯b. s2WE/c3hzl, s2Wyx3hzl s?5tî5g- m3D[5hzl w1qD8Ny5hz s4fwyAtQ5hA wMscbsc5bMsJKz x5pŒqgk5 cq8NExzi4 NiyA8Ngi4 grÌDbsA8Ngi4. s8kñE/sJu4. W1axiZM8k5 rNoµ4f5 if3êNc5bt9lQ5, s2WE/c3Sz tAyQx9Mlb w9oE/5ti4, wl8Nb Éymc5bMsJJA5 xuhk5 sts5pA8Nyc5bMsJ/4vi4 wk8k5 yK9ospymAt5ti9l yMgAtc3iK8il gñtbsc5bhb vtmi7mE7u bfAmic3hb xq3Cj5. wl3Dy5ti4 yKjxAtcD8NExu4.

WNhxDys2 k1axi scbsJoµ5 cspctŒA8NyMsJ5 g1zh5tyic3ht4 iE7µtbst9lQ5, WytsosticMs3g5 raixA5 b3Co÷3ht4 kNø5 vt5b[zb wnWx9 gSx x9Mbq5 b3Co÷3[zi. Ì4fx ƒ4Jx2 Ùpq5, yKo3bsht4 *) szÌi5gi4 wk8i4 tr5gcMsJK6 Ô¿N Ìtsj5, Wytsostt5yicMs3g5 ƒ4Jxj5 à #)–at9lA WNhxDys2 ƒ4Jx2 W1ax[zi trbsym5ht4 k1axi Wytsostic3ht4 WJ8Ni3ui9l n9lusk5, S[3igusk9l m8gpxusk9l. bf5nst5yic3ht4. ᐋ3eh3bsMsJ7m5 yK9oÙu vmpQ/sJ5 sfkz m8gpxu ƒ4Jx2 s[4vdtq8k5 WNhxctc3ht4 Ùpsi3u4 wo8ix[zk5 xto8i4 ISABELLE DUBOIS eu3Dxq5 wcl7us5 ÙAyoxamJu4 woŒAtc3g5 kNo8i4 xyq8il wvJ3tc3uht4 Shorinjiryu Kentokukan–u5 x7ml bf8Ns÷3tyAtc3g5 WJ8Nyym/ui4 Members of the Iqaluit Judo team wvJ3tgw8Nc3uht9l, bm8N WNhxDys2 KyoKushin–u4 grÌEpsMsJJ5 Wyt-

mr[4f5 demonstrate their skills k1axi WJEAts7mEMsJK6¡ wM- sostJi4 bf5nst5yic3tlQ5 76 Moving Forward with Suicide Prevention

The Canadian Association For Suicide >SwAMs3ymix1qMK5> Ì8N x?lQ/sMsJJ6 xr8NË3bsymJj5

Prevention held its annual confer- NEWS NUNATSIAQ i[1ô[5noxam5hi wkw5 wMu w7uixpxEym/u xtq8i4 ence in Iqaluit, Nunavut, this past May “We shall not forget“ was the theme of this bulletin board upon which participants 15th to 18th. Among the approximate- pinned up the names of relatives who have taken their own lives ly 40 Nunavimmiut who attended the gathering were Makivik’s youth liaison officer, Adamie Padlayat, as well as Rhoda Rhoda Eetook Moving Forward Eetook, representing the Saputiit Youth There were a lot of workshops, which The theme for the conference was Association for Ungava Bay. Adamie and made it hard to choose because the entire “Moving Forward” and Sheila Watt Rhoda provided the following reflections conference looked very interesting to Cloutier, who chairs the Inuit Circumpolar of their experience. attend. First, I went to a very informative Conference, addressed the audience with a workshop on behavior, how the children very passionate and inspirational speech. Adamie Padlayat feel, and why they are sad. Reflecting on the theme of the conference, I was invited to attend the Conference I participated in different enjoyable she had the following words. as president for the National Inuit Youth games that kept everyone on their feet, “I believe strongly we can move for- Council (NIYC). One of main objectives for which I was able to bring back to try with ward. I believe we have the answers within the NIYC is suicide prevention and inter- people back home. us to move forward with the wisdom of our vention. The Council is also in the process Another workshop that many youth culture as well as wisdom from elsewhere, of hiring a youth as the national Inuit sui- attended at the library, facilitated by two wherever that may be found. I believe we no cide prevention intervention coordinator people, was on drama. This was something longer can afford to keep the next genera- who will work in the North. else, because we don’t see any organized tion hostage because we in the adult world Being invited to this important con- drama programs in Nunavik. Young people choose to keep ourselves in victim roles act- ference gave many youth an opportunity were acting in a certain way and then the ing out our anger and fear by hurting those to get input from other Inuit regions of facilitator would tell them to stop and act around us – often those we love most.” Canada. I had an opportunity to say a few in a different way, such as comically or in “Coming from a wise culture of being words at the youth coffee house, where fast action. able to prepare our children for life in such youth from all over had an entertainment Suicide is not a solution. It will pass, hard conditions of the Arctic, I know, line-up and a couple of songs to open the whatever. Think about a time when you believe, and trust strongly that we still evening. were unhappy and look at yourself today have it in us to find solutions. I believe it We all attended many presenta- and know that things can pass. is by reclaiming the values, principles and tions throughout the conference to see wisdom of our culture that we will move what ideas we could bring to our Suicide forward.” Prevention Workshop that will be held in Kangirsuk in November 2003. The Nunavik delegates got togeth- er after the panel in order to prepare for Nunavik’s 25-minute presentation. As well A Weekend of Talent barbeque, followed by a movie at the local from Nunavik, individuals presented sem- Katittavik Town Hall’s movie theatre. inars on life after suicide in the family, and Athletics The Kuujjuaq Karate Team, led by which was very touching. Rhoda Eetook By Isabelle Dubois Giovanna Taddeo, hosted a competition of Kangirsuk made the front-page picture at the Kuujjuaq Forum with teams from of Nunatsiaq News, as she was putting up Over 80 young people arrived in Kuujjuaq Salluit, Puvirnituq, and Montreal. First, the names of her friends and family on a last May 30th for a weekend of athlet- officials from the Montreal Karate School bulletin board displaying suicide victims. ic events and a talent show. Organized by of Shorinjiryu Kentokukan and KyoKushin There were about 36 delegates from Kuujjuaq’s Uvikkait Dome Youth Centre in judged the competitors’ skills as they dem-

Nunavik, including political leaders, school collaboration with the community and other onstrated the techniques they learned over magazine representatives, social service workers, sponsors and volunteers, the weekend was the past year or so. While the officials were and others involved in suicide prevention certainly a hit! All participants had a chance computing the results of the first competi-

and intervention. to get to know each other during a welcome tion, the Iqaluit Judo team demonstrated MAKIVIK 77 WZhx3ytsiq8k5 WJ8NyxDtu9l. Wytsostî5 wf9MsuQxoMsJ5 x9ogcso3m5, bf5nst5yicoMsJ5 WJ8NbsJi4 ᐋ3eh3bsMsJu4 pxi? m5n5j s[4vk9l b3Co÷3[ü5ht4. xoxhxtbsJcMsJK6 Ìiy3tk5, their form of martial art that, it is hoped, w1qgk9l, îiZ3gj9l, xNs9MZ3gj9l will be taught in Kuujjuaq soon. x7ml ÙAy3i4 bf5nst5yic3gk5. bm8N The karate students, aged six to WJ8NbsJ3i4 bf5nst5yi6 ra9ocMsJ5 18, put their skills to the test in duels É5gwi3u4 Nf3übsic3tlQ5 ᐋ3ehwM- with participants of matching belt ranks. sJJ5 Wytsosti3u4, Ì8N ƒ4Jxus5 The young Nunavimmiut did well, win- yKo3tz5 àf fxb gn3tyy7ut9lA ning most of the medals and trophies. bm8N s[4Ü5 WNhxDys2 k1axi Yeti Trudel, a green belt participant from

ISABELLE DUBOIS Kuujjuaq, received the award for best Ì[t uxhl Ge3ibu4 ix3dxE4fy/- 3g6H x7ml vDo8 Soᐋ8 GxsXgu4 female competitor and the commitment ix3dxE4fy/3g6H §hQst5yxi3j5 and achievement award. wozJu4 sfctŒAtc3©4 The Kuujjuaq boxing team also had a ÙAyoxamJtA5 ñMQstZhxMzo3ht4 David Mesher (black helmet) and Caroline chance to show their stuff as they com- Boulianne (red helmet) take a respectful peted with boxers from Montreal. Claude bow before a judo match. Bélanger and his buddies from Boxe Québec set up the event. Out of all the wo8ixMs3bui4 x3ÇÅMs3gu. bm4fx fights that took place in the ring at the vmº5 ry5yicExzt9lQ5 yK9oÙu Kuujjuaq Forum, the Inuit competitors WytsostMs3gi4, wcl7us5 Ôgu4 Ùpq5 only lost one. The audience was exhilarat- bf5nst5yicMsJ5 ÙAy3u4, iEsQ/sMs3gu4 ed. Bryan York and his opponent won the wo8ixt5yAtsc5b˜oExz ƒ4Jxu. award for the best fight, while Joe Willie ƒ4Jxus5 t9¬tpq5 bf5nst5y- Saunders got the award for best local A8NyMsJ7uJ5 WJ8Nb3ui4 Wytso- competitor. Sammy Snowball and Daisy ifM+ ykÙ ƒ4Jxus6 GxsX3gi4 xg3g6H

stctc3ht4 t9¬tpi4 m8gpxusi4. ISABELLE DUBOIS t9¬tctc3g6 Ù5E4 [Eyx5u4 ¿9gxusu4. Angnatuk (the only Inuit female boxer to f¬5 W˜8p Wctq9l fÑ4 t9¬tpq8i5 Nicolas Snowball of Kuujjuaq (in red) boxing go in the ring), were both presented with WymJ5 bm5huz vJyt5yicMsJJ5. with Patrick Fréchette of Val d’Or. ÙisMsJJoµ3i ƒ4Jx2 W1ax[zi t9¬t[zi, wkw5 Wytsostpq5 Wix3iEMs3bz vJy§adixo3hA xbsyx3ht4 ryxi ñMsMsJJ5. x3ÇAbµ3bic3li. bf8NEx3ymJ5 xoxhxtbs7mEoMsJ5. ra9oXst9lA, wMscbsMsJJ5 Sèx8 Jx4 xrCzl ñMc3tbsMsJ5 vtmsticoMsJQK5 x5hâic3ht4 É5©tu4 Ù5yxi3XsAtq8k5, Ì8Nl yMu wZ/3i4 iE7µic3ht4 raixA5 Ô Awo ñ8b Wtbst9lA kNo8i Ìiy3icy5ht4. csgx3m5, rNoµ4f5 WytsZhx3ytsi3Xst9lA. ñu yªXl stoMsJ5 xq3Cuk5, eày5ht4 ᑏy x3Ng3l Gwkgw8Nshi x3N©MsJ6 WctÌ3cu3ui4 ƒ4Jxu xoxN3gi9l

t9¬tps5hiH, bmq4 É5gbsMsJ7uÔ4 w3csmAt5nsixo3gi4. SAROLLIE INUKPUK

commitment and achievement awards. Things cooled down a little by Sunday, as a talent show organized by Jennifer Matchett and the Youth Centre took place at the theatre. The entertainment included dancing, singing, piano playing, drumming, and martial arts demonstra- tions. The talent show was followed by an awards presentation to thank the organiz- ers, as Kuujjuaq Mayor Michael Gordon announced his wish for the youth weekend to be repeated at least on a yearly basis. Finally, participants got together for a farewell barbeque at the Uvikkait Dome, followed by a dance. The next day, every- Ìiy3ᑏ5 Gnsuxi5-bo3Wxk5H s˜J y3dxl4, MEn ᐋNcb4, xüox b3exW4, ᕇm8 dqx6, ISABELLE DUBOIS eu3Dxq5 ᐄ? dqx6, v8t+ ƒ72b8 x7ml ᐋon8 uxh WQs3ymo3bui4 bf8Ns÷3tyAtc3g5. body was off to their homes, leaving their Tap Dancers (L-R): Ulaayu Sequaluk, Larissa Anahatak, Amelia Tukkiapik, Raymond Koneak, Eva new friends in Kuujjuaq with a lot of fond Koneak, Candace Combden and Allison Mesher at the talent show. mr[4f5 memories. 78 v?mgc4f5 ®Ns/c3tyAtq5 xgw8NsJ5 wo8k5

kNc3çymJ5 WNhZc3[oEpdtq5 vNbu ®Ns/tA5 wvJ3y/sAt5nq5 Federal Funding Available to You

Aboriginal Business Canada (ABC) Financial Assistance.

kNc3çymJ5 WNhZc3[oEpdtq5 vNbu wvJ3yAt5noxaymK5 Aboriginal Business Canada (ABC) is a program that has wq3Cymo5ht4 xuhZM8i4 x3ÇAi4 x7ml cspm/sQxo8il been operating for a number of years and which provides ®Ns/tA9l nS7uAts§a5ht4 kNc3çymJ5 WNhZc3[dtq8i4. expertise and financial support for Aboriginal businesses. b=Zi x3ÇAu Ì4fx wvJ3ymsᑏ5 sk3yQx3bsc7uMs3g5 vNbs2 Earlier this year the program was expanded and enhanced by nNmJoEp7mEq8k5 (Industry Canada). s5©tQlA, Ì4fx Industry Canada. For example, ABC can now offer financial WNhZdtoEº5, µ8Nf5 ®N/stA5 assistance to Aboriginal wvJ3ymst5ncD8Ng5 kNc3çymJ5 businesses involved in all WNhZc3[dtq8i4 wMscbsJi4 types of tourism, whereas ckoµ6 is3DgoEi3j5, yKixA9o, in the past, such funding bm4ftÅN ®Ns/-c3tyAᑏ5 xgw8Ns- was only available to cul- c5bymt9lQ5 wl3DyoEi3jxzJtA5 tural and eco-tourism. is3DgoEi4fl eu3DQx3gymi3j5. As a broad guideline, grjxAtq5tA5, Ì4fx WNhZd- ABC can cover up to 75 toEp4f5 wvJ3yA8Ng5 &%¶-k5 percent of costs related tr5gi4 ®Ns/3©tk5 wozJi4 to business planning, the WNhZdt5nu4 X3âi3j5, W?9ox- development of new servic- t5yAtj9l kÌi4 WA5pAti4 es or products, marketing is[x5ni9¬î5, is3DtcChx3iË- initiatives, and business ozJi9l, x7ml WNhZdtu4 support and management nS7uAtk5 vmQ/sAtzbl wo8ixA- training. ABC can also bsizk5. W+NyoEp4f5 wvJ3yA8NuJ5 provide 30 to 40 percent #)¶–$)¶-q8i4 ®Ns/3©tq8k5 of the cost of starting, WQx3tyAtk5, xqoQx3tyAtk9¬î5 expanding or modernizing a kbsyo3tyAtj9¬î5 WNhZdtu4, business, and, in some lim- x7ml wMzA5 Öàq8Nq4vlx3tlQ5, ited cases, for acquiring a is[3bst5yi3j5 WNhZdtu4. business. Possible support nS7uAtsgw8NExo8k5 ry5yAtk5 for inventory or operating xsM5yAtk9¬î5 ®Ns/3©tk5 costs have to be discussed

sçAbsQxø5 WNhZdto4 wMst9lA. MICHAEL MCGOLDRICK with a development officer. WNhZdtoEp4f5 wvJ3yAtQA8Nbq5 ABC’s maximum contribu- sk3iÙcD8Ng5 R&%,))) ÌMi4 xbsy3j5 wk©ˆ3t©2 tion is $75,000 per project for individuals and $250,000 for WNhx3bzk5 x7ml R@%),))) ÌMi4 kNo8kxzJk5. communities. ®Ns/tA5 wvJ3bsAmsᑏ5 Ns5yg3bs§5 g1z[Q/st9lQ5 A proposal for financial assistance is assessed on its busi- WNhZdbsÔ2 X3Nymstq5 WNhx3bsah5©l W?9otix3bq5 ness plans and the project’s merits and commercial viability. x7ml ®Ns/os5yxDNMziz. wkw5 ®Ns/tA5 wvJ3bsAmJ5 People applying for financial assistance will be expected to iEsQ/six3g5 gi3Dtc3ixuQxq5 ®Ns/i4 WNhZdtuk5. contribute money towards their business project. Such equity bm5hjz ®NsèDtcExc3î5 sk3icD8Ng5 @%¶-k5 tr5gi4 contribution requirements can be as high as 25 percent of the WNhZdt5nu4 X3âiAᑏ5 ®Ns/3©tq8k5, x7ml wk3nymA8Nht4 business planning costs, and as low as 10 percent for youth !)¶-i4 s[4vk5 WNhZdtcChxDmJk5. entrepreneurs. ®Ns/tA5 wvJ3y/sAmsᑏ5 bb3nbsA8Ng5 cEbsè5 It is possible to apply for financial assistance online by going to

Wg5ym[zA5 s?i http://strategis.ic.gc.ca/SSG/ab00112e.html. the ABC website at: http://strategis.ic.gc.ca/SSG/ab00112e.html. magazine WNhZdtoEp4f5 sçM[sA8Ng5 m8gpxu x9M[zi s?i ABC can also be reached at their Montreal office by calling G%!$H @*#–!*@*, hv5gf9¬î5 G%!$H @*#–!*$# (514) 283-1828, or faxing (514) 283-1843. MAKIVIK

79 mr{[u NMs5ñDᑏ5: rsAtbq5 19. ƒ4JxÇW4 sus/3l

1. r9oi6 20. kNooµtA5 iDx3tyi6 S3gi3ni vt1zpsix3gi4. 2. wkw5 vg5pctŒ8iz fÑ2 b3Czi 21. nirlx6 3. ƒ4Jx6 GxsA+t !$, !(&*-uH 22. nNi3j5 Wdè5 moá9l. 4. Ôi @*, !(&* 23. v?mgc4fi fÑ4fl v?mQ8i r=Zg3tc3i6. 5. $*-aMs3ymJ5 vt5ht4 iDx3bstZhx3g5. m3Î4 xzJ3çai3j5, ño 24. mr{[s2 gnC5nq5 Ax5 ñMc3tlA !! xzJ3çj5 gzo1aChx3tlQ5 v4ri6 NlwJ6 25. ᐋ8ixᕖ5 gñpc1qizi4 ᐋ8ixys3bsÔZlx5 grymA8Nt8NQ5 hNi4 ñMc3tlA do5 xzJ3ç2 gzoo3ezk5 uxp ãm8 ñMc3tlA !@ ᐋ8ixys3bsAtc3m¯7u4. ®Ns/oEpsi3j5 Awo Ax5 ñMc3tlA !# x9Mt7mEsi3j5 ᐋi ˜4 ñMc3tlA. 26. @&% 6. iDx3[sA8Ng5 x=Ag3bsymiq5. 27. gÙr8i6 wkw5 cz5bÔq8i. 7. wm3Wu wcl8ixᑏ5 rQx6 w9los3ᑏ5 28. W1ax[os3i6 rNoµ4fk5 xg3bsA8Ngu4. 8. wkw5 cz5bÔq5b WNh5tq5b xi3Cz. 29. kN[4 9. eMlZoEi6 30. x3[4 10. x3ÇAbµ5 vt1zi7mEc5bix3lt4 31. d5ygj5 xs9˜tbsMs3g[î5 st3iz5 11. r=Z6 xsMAtoEº5 32. ƒ4Jxus5 xqctŒAtos3iz G!(**H x7ml xqctŒAtQx9M4 ry5yAto4 ( 12. ßmJ3ixi3j5 moá5. 33. vNb 13. xmDw5 34. yñyW 14. i3Jti4 nS7uº5 35. W5naD8Ngi4 WNhx3ij5 WA5p[4 15. u{ᕖ5 36. N7ui6 v?mc3i6 @H mr2XoxZhx3i6 #H i3JtoEi6Fis3DgoEi3l 16. ᐋ8ix[ox3ymJk5 gJ3us[4 44th Avenue-u Lachine-u. x7ml $H wo8ixi6 17. !),))) g5gw5 wWMs3ymJ5 ƒ4Jx2 nixi mr{[s2 37. gê8Ngu4 gñpsAᑏ5 cspn3bsdMs3ym/q 38. Ó+ wx 18. ut3i4 cspn3i6. 39. kN[7u ᐄZ3[os3ij5 WNhx3bsJ5.

The Makivik Quiz: Answers 20. Universal elections for executive positions were introduced. 21. Sanikiluaq. 1. Killiniq 22. Construction laws and regulations. 2. The Northern Quebec Inuit Association (NQIA) 23. Positions for federal and provincial representatives. 3. Kuujjuaq (Which was in August 14, 1978). 24. Makivik Newsletter 4. June 28, 1978 25. That the hospitals were not providing interpreters and often the patients 5. A total of 48 candidates. Two for President, won by Charlie Watt; 11 for 1st would not understand the treatments that they were to be given. V.P., won by Kakkinik Nalyuiyuk; 10 for 2nd V.P., won by Mary Simon; 12 for 26. 275 Treasurer, won by Willie Watt; and 13 for Secretary, won by Annie Lock. 27. Smoking on board scheduled Air Inuit flights. 6. Electoral districts. 28. Recreational facilities for residents of all ages. 7. Imakpik Fisheries and Kigiak Builders 29. Nunavik. 8. An Air Inuit staff house. 30. Arvik 9. The Beluga Whale Study 31. The returning High Arctic Relocatees. 10. The holding of annual general meetings. 32. Execution of the Kuujjuaq (1988) Agreement and Complementary Agreement 11. Kigaq Travel Agency Inc. No. 9. 12. Sports hunting regulations. 33. Canada 13. Wolves 34. Chisasibi 14. Conservation Officers 35. Renewable Resource Development Department 15. Airstrips. 36. Self-Government 2) Economic Development 3) Wildlife Development/Tourism 16. A patient transit residence on 44th Avenue in Lachine. and 4) Education. 17. The drowning of 10,000 caribou near Kuujjuaq and the Corporation asked for 37. Simultaneous translation equipment a Public Inquiry. 38. First Air 18. The eider duck project. eu3Dxq5 39. A Nunavik marine infrastructure program. 19. Kuujjuaraapik and Umiujaq. 40. James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement (JBNQA) Day, November 11th. mr[4f5

80 40. èuy Ñ x7ml fÑ4 b3Czb xqctŒ8izb s9lz ª[7WE !!. 61. mr{[s2 x9M[z wk5Jxu. 41. wKp[4 62. ¥f 42. wMsAtc3iC3bsAᑏ5 y4rÌᐲ5 63. Y2K. 43. kÌ6 x9M[7mE4. 64. drstc3ij5 moZ6. 44. fÑ4 yt 65. w?4v6 ej5yf5 hvostJ5. 45. nS7ui6 Charlottetown-u xqctŒAtsJu4. 66. kN[7u cspn3[4 ƒ4Jxu. 46. xsM5yp7mE ˜nÔy wS 67. ÷i Ax5 47. èuy k?o1z6. 68. so8is2 so5nᕇ3[z 48. kN[7u xsM5yp7mᕇ5 srs3ÌDt4 &%-i4 k3cc5bix3tlQ5. 69. gipMsJJ5 wvJ3yAtui4 h4fxe[sJk5 kN[7usi5 Wt9lA xbsy6 wk4 R!.))-u4 gipt5hA. 49. wkw5 srs3bgus5 WNhxctŒ5g5 70. mr{[4 50. ÑE5yᕖ5 71. sus/6 ƒ5JxÇW9l 51. w3cgw[oEi3u4 cspn3ᑏ5 72. wkw5 m8gpxu vg5pctŒ8izb w9ldtz gx¿9u.. 52. >xq3ᐲ5 fÑ2 x[Z/3tlA vNbu5V> 73. wk5§2 nN/siz fÑ4 ytu 53. t7ux5 xs9Mv5bX5g5 G ᐋ3eQx3bsJ[i6 xuEvusk5, ux4yfusk5 vNbusk9lH 74. nN3Dt4 WNhxctŒ8ij5 xqctŒAt4 54. w9los3i6 wk8k5 yñyWusk5 75. Waxlw5 u3awy3[4

55. mr{[s2 Wsy3hyx3ij5 moZz 76. b9om5 Guxp ãm8, ᐋi ˜4, µb cs4Ü, ui fº ¥M Ax5 f¬5¥lH 56. x3ÇAbµ3ystui4 vt1zi7mEz.. 77. µ4 Ì. fxb 57. ®Ns/dᑏ5 x9MbsymAtq5b xq3bsiq5 topi3l ®Ns/oEAti4 78. mr{[s2 wo8ixi3j5 ®Ns/dtq5 b7mymJ3ystsix3gi4. 79. x9Mcstz !&( 58. is[3i6 ey8i4 kNo8i wMsAtc3gi5. GWNhx3tyMsJ5 mr{[s2 80. s÷W gvM4 do9l Wz§J3gli4 srsi4 vt1zpso3g6 vt1zpq5 vmt9lQ5H 59. 1-877-mr{[4 (625-4845) 60. wvJ3hQ5 is[3if5 wk7mE5bst5ni4 wq3Csti4 kNo8i.

41. Ivujivik. 63. Y2K. 42. Beneficiary cards. 64. The Firearms Act. 43. A new head office. 65. The Ivakkak dogteam race 44. Quebec City 66. The Nunavik Research Centre laboratory in Kuujjuaq. 45. Support of the Charlottetown Accord. 67. Johnny Watt 46. Governor Lazarusie Epoo 68. High tide levels 47. James Novalinga. 69. The Towers Donation Fund that represented one dollar per Nunavik resident. 48. Retirement age for Nunavik Governors is 75. 70. Corporation. 49. Pan Arctic Inuit Logistics Corporation (PAIL) 71. Umiujaq and Kuujjuaraapik. 50. Day-care services. 72. The Association of Montreal Inuit (AMI) located on Chemin Bord du Lac in Dorval. 51. The Justice Task Force 73. The construction of an in Quebec City. 52. “Do you agree that Quebec should become sovereign?” 74. The Sanarrutik Partnership Agreement. 53. The Migratory Birds Act (revised by the US, Mexico and Canada). 75. Pingualuit Park. 54. New houses for Chisasibi Inuit 76. Five. (Mary Simon, Annie Lock, Martha Kaukai, Minnie Grey & Sheila Watt- 55. The Makivik Code of Conduct Cloutier) 56. Its annual general meeting. 77. Mark T. Gordon. 57. The approval of financial statements and appointment of auditors. 78. The Makivik Scholarship Fund. 58. Purchase seal skins from the local beneficiaries. (Most agents were Makivik 79. P.O. Box 179 board members). 80. Robbie Tookalook at 16 years. 59. 1-877-MAKIVIK (625-4845) 60. Assist them with the purchase of elders’ vehicles in each community.

61. Makivik’s Inukjuak office building. magazine 62. Seaku. MAKIVIK

81 wZsy6 Recipe

g5g[i6 ßJv9Mc3hi Caribou Dumplings (Mongolian style) Gµ1ƒoxus5 wZsyzg5H (Makes 30 to 35 medium size dumplings.) By Michael Kwan GnNAtsA8Ng6 #)-i4 #%-k5 ßJv9Mi4H àf9 fx8 wZsyz Dough 3 cups flour wabz 1 cup warm water Wzh5 cÔ5Ö5Fc9lᑏ5 nNsZ6Fie5n/6 4 tablespoons butter xbsy6 cÔ5b6Fc9lt iDu5g6 wm6 Mix water and small pieces of butter ybm7 s3[s/3ä5FclCst3ä5 Xb into the flour a little at a time, and knead wm6 Xbl wMs3©Z3XoxlQ4 nNsZ3u4Fie5n/u4 the mixture into a smooth dough. Cover waboxElA. Öm mgylA ÉJzJj5 x9MDtj5 the dough with a damp cloth and set aside Ü?9MAys2 et3czi m-gmt9lA wrx3usb5nq8i4 for half an hour while preparing the filling. ᐋ3ehwi3i Gwabos3i6 ixd/osDtj5 (Making the dough is much easier with a W/Exr8ins7uJ6H. bread machine).

wrx3usbz Filling 20 oz yc9oymJ6 g5g[i6 Gg8kc3liH 20 oz ground caribou meat (at least about 4 to 5 oz is fat) cÔ5b6Fc9lt Nv3tymJ5 sxisè5 1 cup finely chopped onion Wzh5 s3[s/3ä5FclCst3ä5 sxis/s/6 uri3n6 Ïo4 3 tablespoons minced garlic ygm5 s3[s/3ä5FclCst3ä5 s3hxDt ynu 4 tablespoons sesame oil Wzh5 s3[s/3ä5FclCst3ä5 bEs6 3 teaspoons salt xbsy6 s3[s/3M4FclCst3M4 ßN3Ng6 1 teaspoon white pepper xbsy6 s3[s/3M4FclCst3M4 sxDt5n/6 fEx8g 1 teaspoon ground coriander seeds xbsy6 s3[s/3M4FclCst3M4 scDt5n/6 yc9oymJ6 1 teaspoon ground cumin rsu8 All the filling ingredients must be very well mixed (1). It is Ì4fxoµ5yx5 sxDtŒ5yxExc3g5 G!H g8kcExc3hil important to include fat in the filling to make good dumplings. ßJv9ä5 W5yxymixgx3Xb. Preparation wZ/s?9oxiz Roll out the dough into an elongated shape (2), and cut wab6 wy5tlA wy[5yxᕖ1zlA G@H Nvt3lA out small pieces and roll into small 1-inch balls (3). On a lightly urJv9˜D3tlA x7mlrbsozli X5bs÷3li G#H. nNs floured surface, flatten each ball with a rolling pin into a 3-to-4- Û3ymZM5tlAFie5n÷3ymZM5tlA ñ2Fmq5bs2 çz xgi5 inch diameter circle (the thinner the better). Put a spoonful of NvtÜ8Nbt5 wy[t9lQ5 Gñ5gAi WsJ6H. s3[s/j5FclCstj5 filling on one side of the circle (4) and fold the other half over to wl9ogylQ5 G$H Öm WEt9lA mgixoC[s4 G%H. yMÌA5 make a semicircular dumpling, then pinch the edges firmly closed nNsÛZ˜W9lAFie5n÷Z˜W9lA iWv5bix1qmb wos3ò[8k5 (5). Lightly flour the outside of each dumpling so that they won’t ÍAbj5G^H. stick together or stick to the plate (6). Öµ wms2 t3t©2 wlxª/ylQ5 coᕇA8ât9lQ5 Arrange dumplings into one layer and steam for 20 to 25 min- @)-i4 @%-k5 t5ÌW8k5 t3tgü5tlQ5. Wsi3Xs§6 utes over boiling water. The ideal setup is to use a wok with a ñ5©/stu4FXis2Ùu4 wlgJu4 xg3hi t3tt5yAtu9¬î5 lid and a steaming rack (7). (Alternatively, the dumplings can be G&H GxyxÅ3tlA wZ/sgw8ND8NuÔZlx5 ju5btgw8NlQ5 fried with a moderate amount of oil in a non-stick skillet until light ñ5g/stuFXis2ÙuH. brown on both sides. Turn once with a spatula.)

u§5bZz Dipping sauce ßJv9ä5 u§5bZc3tlQ5 WzhwoezJu4 sxDto7u4 Serve dumplings with dipping sauce made of 3 parts light soy §/ ñ+ wMc3li ynuu4 s3hxDt5n/u4 G* x7ml (H sauce mixed with 1 part sesame oil (8 & 9). cspm/sQxo4: Ì4fx sxDt5n/q5 xy5pg3bsA8Ng5. Notes: Feel free to experiment with the spices used in the ßN3Ng?9lu4 WAmgxD[5 wäA8Ngt5, xyq8il sxD5ygwAti4 filling. To prepare a spicy version, paprika or even cayenne pepper XWEv, s{?l8î5 ßNᕖ1zg6 ßN3Ng5n/6 wMQ/s§a7uJ5. yˆq5 are often added. It is important to make sure the edge of the mg/sym5yxExc3g5 wlxz riXÔ5yxd9lA cJc5yxli. dumpling is completely closed so that the juice is sealed inside. eu3Dxq5 mr[4f5

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