THE MYSTERIOUS JAMES BRENNERMAN IFAR 13

7 - 4 © 201 o. Photo said to depict the said to Photo VOL. 17, N 17, VOL.

FIGURE 1. as a Brennerman James collector man. young - - * IFAR® JOURNAL IFAR® mansion, which but in fact – and you makecan’t these things – are up actu ally views the of 15th-century Sforza Castle in Milan and an 18th-century

SHARON FLESCHER

them the to artist. theGiven potentially large number paintings of involved and their wide circulation throughout the feels IFAR U.S., compelled share to what has it learned and the put notice public on this about apparent and audacious scam. we couldwe find his of record no immigration into the United States; his of record no death; record no hisof life in Chicago; and or record absolutely no convincing explanation as to acquired he how hundreds – yes, hundreds works– of not only Pollock, other by but artistsmajor as well. Four purported “Brennerman Collection” Pollocks have thus far been submitted IFAR to by three different owners. All turned be to fakes, out and not very sophisticated ones at that. As discussed they below, stylisticallywere and materi ally wrong, with tests forensic and other laboratory exami nations revealing anomalous paints and other anachronistic materials, and there was credible no documentation whatsoever linking Bavarian church! As Brennerman Mr. to himself,

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- IFAR IFAR IFAR

International Foundation for Art Research (IFAR) www.ifar.org (IFAR) Art Research for Foundation International , V. 17(4), cannot be reproduced or printed elsewhere without the express permission of withoutprinted elsewhere or express the IFAR. be cannot reproduced 17(4), V. , Vol. 17, No. 2-3, 2016. See also, Lisa See also, 2016. 2-3, No. 17, Vol. LISA DUFFY-ZEBALLOS We wish to acknowledge the additional wish acknowledge to We THE MYSTERIOUS JAMES BRENNERMAN;THE MYSTERIOUS JAMES impels speak us to out.” IFAR Exposes Another Cache Bogus of IFAR Pollocks IFAR Journal IFAR IFAR Journal, Journal, IFAR said be to a wealthy and eccentric IFAR Journal. IFAR “The sheer number of potential potential of number “The sheer now serving now time in federal prison, these 1 Vol. 16, No. 1-2, 2015. 1-2, No. 16, Vol. that more fakes the from that more “Brennerman (FIG. 1), DID HE EXIST AND FROM? WHERE COME DID HIS ALL FAKES works involved, and the certain involved, works knowledge Lisa Duffy-Zeballos, Ph.D. is the Art Research Director of Director Art Research is the Ph.D. Lisa Duffy-Zeballos, See “20/20 Hindsight: Lessons from the Knoedler/Rosales Affair — Affair the Knoedler/Rosales from Lessons “20/20 Hindsight: See Collection” will continue to dupe the unwary, will the unwary, Collection” dupe to continue Duffy-Zeballos and Sharon Flescher, “Long Island Con Man John John Man Con Island “Long Flescher, Duffy-Zeballos and Sharon Expose,” Helped that IFAR Fraud for Years 5 to Sentenced Re Journal, research of Michele Wijegoonaratna, Ph.D., former Art Research Art Research former Ph.D., Wijegoonaratna, of Michele research at IFAR. Intern 1 Evening,” IFAR An * and Editor- of Director IFAR is Executive Ph.D. Flescher, and Sharon in-Chief of the posedly written Brennerman by and photographs said different show to views his of Chicago surpass them all. The collection comes with a dossier letters of sup man German-born collector, the scale whose of purport ed “collection” Pollocks, of and its may back story, often elaborate and always unverifiable provenanc es, involving some fictitious this rogues' people. To gallery, the add now mysterious we James Brenner John Re, “troves” us to come have with unsubstantiated, bling number “collections” of fakes. of the From now-infamous Glafira Rosales/ Knoedler Gallery fakes, the to fakes peddled Long by Island con man Authentication Board disbanded, our Authentica tion Research Service has examined well a over hundred spurious Pollocks and learned a trou of Ever sinceEver began IFAR reviewing works Jackson by Pollock 20 yearssoon ago, after the Pollock-Krasner This article from Thisarticle from THE MYSTERIOUS JAMES BRENNERMAN 14 which in fact—and you can't these make fact—and in which photographs said to show different views views different show to said photographs of [Brennerman's] mansion, Chicago but 15th-century Sforza Castle in Milan and and Milan in Sforza15th-century Castle

thing up—are actually views of the views actually up—are thing an 18th-century Bavarian church!” Bavarian 18th-century an IFAR®JOURNAL “Brennerman Collection”. board,foam 30¾x27in., Pollock, purported 3. FIGURE 22 ¾x29in., Pollock, purported “Brennerman Collection”. ( 2. FIGURE locks”, which appear to be just the tip of of tip the just to be appear locks”, which “Pol Brennerman photos of other seen ten we have reviewed, we haveworks formally four to the addition too. it, In rejected later we and to us, submitted was “Pollock” man Brenner 2014. year, afourth following The in works three on all reports negative sent we research, and examination careful After sellers. intermediary via to us submitted “Pollocks” Brennerman other of the enance prov the in factors also club owner strip same The Ramsey. Ethel and Bert servants, Brennerman’s from former them acquired to have claimed who Virginia, Roanoke, in club)(more owner astrip accurately, anightclub from purchased been had ings Two to us. paint of the unfamiliar then aname man, Brenner of aJames collection the in formerly ings paint Pollock Jackson purported about three owners different two from 2013, late In inquiries we received “The collection comes with … comes collection “The with THEBRENNERMAN COLLECTION

(right) above

VOL. 17, N IFAR# on 13.10, acrylic ) IFAR# on 13.11, cardboard, acrylic o. 4©201 7

- - - “Brennerman Collection”. 12 x9in., Pollock, purported to Gorky, 4. FIGURE IFAR - -

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paint on cardboard, an apparently unsuspecting buyer. unsuspecting apparently an to resold been has we rejected works four one of the at least that know we already Alarmingly, iceberg. the third painting painting third The period. of or the works to Pollock’s palette resemblance little bearing palettes garish featured They were undated. and Pollock” “Jackson signed 1940s late of the ings of Pollock’s paint imitative works or poured, drip, 2013 in were submitted Two paintings three of the marks of the Brennerman group: group: Brennerman of the marks hall certain displayed works three all differences, ‘42”. Pollock “Jackson stylistic their Despite dated and signed work on cardboard, quasi-figural – —not dripped brushed asmall, was verso, the IFAR# 13.08 Homage (FIG. 4), (FIG.

IFAR

(FIGS. 2 & 3). & 2 (FIGS. titled titled

paper of #13.08. of paper 5. FIGURE Homage to Gorky to Homage Both were were Both Inscription on thebackingInscription IFAR

on on - - IFAR THE MYSTERIOUS JAMES BRENNERMAN 15

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o. Letter said to be from be from said to Letter IFAR VOL. 17, N 17, VOL. (!) of paintings of (!) FIGURE 7. Farmer, Charles to Brennerman James 1968. 29, September dated

Brennerman, and was it to truckloads IFAR® JOURNAL IFAR® letter dated September1968) 9, Letter said to said to Letter FIG. 6, letter thus dated 1968), September 29, IFAR FIGURE 6. Brennerman James be from dated Farmer, Charles to 1968. 9, September

FIG. 7, man repeatedly refers paying to the for paintings with cash ( and transporting to them in his two personal trucks ( accounting the for lack any of payment shipping or receipts. The mention of provided us with the first hint many as how to Pol locks may be involved in the Brennerman group. In this Brennerman letter, also assures Farmer that if ever he wishes dispose to his of Pollocks, Brennerman will gladly purchase them. Not Brennerman’s purportedBrennerman’s correspondence family to members (often in poorly-written German), his to friend and fellow art collector Charles and Farmer, histo servants,the Ramseys, in which discusses he his art of one collection. not however, Curiously, the letters was addressed unclear so many how his of letters “sent” ended up back in hispossession. In series a letters of dated Brennerman 1968, pur portedly writes Charles to Farmer the at latter’s estate discussing ‘Tall Trees’ the planned pair’s trip Longto Island purchase to a cache Pollock of paint ings from an unnamed was IFAR collector, who, the by told nightclub was widow, owner, Pollock’s the artist Lee Krasner. In a letter August of 12, 1968, Brennerman can tells everything buy “We Farmer, in sight. I think carrying a great deal cash of might be the best way seal to this Brenner deal.” Tellingly, - - -

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2

Homage to Gorky, Homage to Gorky, (FIG. 5).

A RECLUSIVE COLLECTOR? I’ll easel this for theI’ll small study” easel thisfor Hommage [sic] to Gorky uses biomorphs/ uses biomorphs/ Gorky [sic] to Hommage master/ that of in the manner much E11712026BR5000000K021C66175/ valuable extremely 0211X1173Y0561M267N0517Q111P/ Wonderful small, rare Pollock oil on panel, dated 1942./ dated panel, on oil Pollock small, rare Wonderful We were told that the value was the number between between was the number that the value told were We The papers also lengthy bore inventory numbers, and notesregarding Brennerman’s where the paint ing would hang in his house The inscription the on back of man Collection. • brown paper. identi inscription handwritten a bore papers The • fying the as work belonging the to James Brenner • The backs of the frames were covered with 2 number in the inventory “K” and “BR” the letters (“BR5000000K”). acquaintances, as well as pictures his of purported Chicago mansion. Also included decades were of two owners the of works submitted dif in 2013 fered somewhat, both contained facsimiles pho of tographs family said Brennerman’s show to and his servants, Bert and Ethel Ramsey. Although the dossiers the presented by IFAR to Park’ South on Prairie in Chicago. his Upon Avenue Brennerman,death in a lifelong 1974, and solitary is said left have to bachelor, his vast art collection to United States from Germany in the early 1940s, and eventually purchased a large estate called ‘Buffalo he amasshe such an enormous art collection without anyone knowing it? about According the to submit ted documents, Brennerman immigrated the to So, just who was James Brennerman, and did how hundreds works other of by artists, also from the “Brennerman Collection”. One of theOne of owners us told that personally he owned thanmore 50 Brennerman “Pollocks” as well as 50 numbers and letters, apparently incorporated estimationBrennerman’s theof painting’s value, which in this case was $5 million. This over inventory of made up long number, example, stated: example, THE MYSTERIOUS JAMES BRENNERMAN Brennerman's. their son Leon; with Ethel Ramsey 8A FIGURES 16

IFAR®JOURNAL and – raisonné catalogue Pollock comprehensive Jackson son, the of By way compari 748 Pollock. by Jackson works incredible an to own he professes 1972, which in July from aletter in revealed finally is collection of Brennerman’s extent full The Farmer’s Pollocks. 112 all of buying he is that Ramsey Ethel servant his 18, tells 1970, January Brennerman dated ter alet In happens. what exactly is this surprisingly, Pollock-Krasner House andStudy Center (July-Oct. 2014). Parsons Janis,” andSidney 4 cited inourtext as: (CR#). York: Pollock-Krasner Foundation,1995). Works are inthecatalogue NumberRaisonné, Supplement One, Haven: Yale University Press, 1978); and Works,Other 3 buying Brennerman’s alleged after months afew just 1969, February In well. werePollock’s selling works 1960s, for the to her do In so. necessary financially it Nor was notShe would directly. have sold works York, New in estate. husband’s her to represent Gallery Marlborough-Gerson the 1964, with in and London, in Gallery Marlborough the with tracted Moreover,sion con he died. when 1958, in Krasner posses artist’s the in Pollocks many were not that There belief. defies simply for cash, put, wholesale out known of his half more than over Pollocks, 700 have sold would Krasner Lee that suggestion The located. be cannot Bobbi Coller, “Pollock’s Champions: Peggy Guggenheim, Betty Jackson Pollock: Paintings, of A CatalogueRaisonné and Drawings total, B. A) ( a number that includes known works that that works known includes that anumber 3 lists only approximately 1,100 artworks 1,100 approximately only artworks lists eds. Francis V. O’Connor andEugene V. Thaw (New left IFAR

) VOL. 17, N Photo saidto and show Bert B) ( B) Pollock’s Champions, right o. ) 4©201 Writing saidto be ed. Francis V. O’Connor (New Jackson Pollock: A Catalogue 7 Exhibition atthe held IFAR 4

- - - - - nation. In one letter to Ethel Ramsey dated June 7, dated Ramsey to Ethel one letter In nation. for world domi plans his and aliens regarding rants delusional with filled are letters later his as ness, mad into descended eventually paranoia and tricity eccen Brennerman's that suggest documents The paintings. his coveting for greedily them chastised and suspicious, grew but he then quarters, their in “Pollocks” his to hang them He allowed even of art. knowledge and taste their in servants his coached Brennerman that reveal Ramseys to the letters The museum. art own core of his the form eventually will envisions Brennerman which artists, other many Gorky, Hopper, and Manet, Motherwell, Rothko, Renoir, Monet, Kooning, De Hassam, by Kline, ings refer to paint also They to Pollocks. not limited was Brennerman’s collection that clear make letters The Pollock’s sold Gallery Marlborough the Island, Long in spree Box 3, Fol. 17. Archives American of Art, Pollock-Krasner Papers, Business Records, 5 uniform army II-era aWorld War wearing Ramsey, Bert to be said also age, same the approximately of aman photo one is below that directly costumes bathing century the-twentieth turn-of- wearing son young their with adults as them shows 1990s, the into lived edly of whom alleg both Ramsey, Ethel and of to be Bert Aphoto said 20s. his than older none show and him house, his in paintings of Brennerman’s any None photos of depicted the correspondence. the than stranger anything, if was, dossier the in presented evidence photographic The servants. to his collection art valuable of his bequest bizarre the to justify or perhaps exhibited, publicly ever was paintings why none of his explain order to in possibly nature, reclusive and strange Brennerman’s to establish serve letters these point, agod.” to become More to the destined Iam rule. Iwill over which planet to another “transported to be how he expects describes 1970, Brennerman Sold to Sold Sam Wagstaff; Lee Krasner received $126,000from thesale. The Deep The (FIGS. 8 A & B). B). & A 8 (FIGS. (CR #372) for over $190,000. (FIG. 9). 9). (FIG. But But - show Bert Ramsey.show Bert 9. FIGURE Photo saidto 5 -

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.” ------17 in fact

while a 7 “Southern Entrance” to Brennerman’s Chicago man actusion ally the shows Sforza Castle in Milan (FIGS. 10 A & B), ostensibly showing the (FIGS. 11 A & second photo labeled “Over 4 © 201 o. IFAR We could findnone We

(FIGS. 12 A & B), VOL. 17, N 17, VOL. false documentation documentation false

the inevitable question James Brennerman ever “In light of the obviously the light obviously of “In Similarly, a photograph said to remained—what evidence was that there the collector provided with theprovided paintings, existed? to of a fountain, of to described the on the of back greatas “one fountains that grace Buffalo is actually Park,” the Neptune fountain in Madrid! (FIGS. 13 A & B) view Buffalo of Park” a pil shows grimage church in Würzburg, Ger many called the Wallfahrtskirche Mariä Heimsuchung B). library, Brennerman’s show oddly finelabeled library “Father’s Buf at falo Park” depicts the library Wiblingen at Abbey in Ulm, Germany, and a pho Evidently impress to hoping the reader with vast Brennerman’s wealth, compilers the dossier’s included numerous photos show ing interior and exterior views of his Buffalo opulent Park estate. As already image mentioned, one IFAR IFAR® JOURNAL IFAR® Library at ) Photo ostensibly ostensibly Photo right ) B) ( left

IFAR B. A) ( A) B. and Sforza Castle, Milan, Italy, showing one of showing one Italy, Milan, Castle, Sforza Wiblingen Abbey, Ulm, Germany. Ulm, Abbey, Wiblingen FIGURES 12A of the library Park; at Buffalo (right) IFAR B) Photo said to show an overview of Brennerman’s Chicago mansion, Buffalo Park; Park; Buffalo mansion, Chicago an overview of show said to Brennerman’s Photo Photo said to depict the southern of entrance said to Photo ) ) left left IFAR B. A) ( A) B. B. A) ( A) B. and and View of the Wallfahrtskirche Mariä Heimsuchung (Das Käppele), Wurzburg, Germany. Germany. Wurzburg, (Das Käppele), Heimsuchung Mariä ofWallfahrtskirche the View ) right FIGURES 11A B) ( FIGURES 10A Park; Buffalo mansion, Brennerman’s the far left. on towers round its two THE MYSTERIOUS JAMES BRENNERMAN 18

IFAR®JOURNAL at the time of his supposed death. death. supposed of his time at the Chicago in Brennerman for James registered wills or records were no probate there estate and Index, Death Illinois County, Cook or the Index, Death Security Social federal the in appear name his does Nor or crematorium. cemetery that in interred was of Brennerman name no one by the that firmed con Cemetery Ostfriedhof of the manager the 1970s, and the from newspaper Chicago any in for Brennerman no obituary however, find could We, Munich. in Cemetery Ostfriedhof to the ferred were trans remains his and 1974 attack, of a heart in Chicago dossier, in to the he died According death. his to investigate we attempted life, his verify Unable to we researched. archives government other any or in records, Security Social in records, immigration government doesn’t in name appear existed? ever Brennerman James that there was evidence remained—what question inevitable the paintings, the with vided pro documentation false obviously of the light In 1940s. by the abandoned largely was and century twentieth the in decline went steep into area the century, teenth nine the in address Avenue afashionable been had Prairie South although he said, Furthermore, Park. Buffalo called or of amansion Brennerman James of heard never he had Avenue IFAR that informed Chicago’s in Prairie specializing A historian

VOL. 17, N o. 4©201 We could find none We find could 7 IFAR . His His . - FIGURES 13A 13A FIGURES at Buffalo Park; - - - and his associates was on the now-defunct website now-defunct on the was associates his and we to reference found Brennerman only the fact, In Ramsey. Trees’, ‘Tall Ethel and estate or Bert Farmer’s Farmer, Charles regarding records official or information any Weno better. not find could fared saga Brennerman the in players other The contained inthedossiers submitted to IFAR. 6 palette autumnal of mash-up the abotched resents Rather, work. to this blance resem any bear none of which on canvas, works large all paintings, three only to have executed known is Pollock 1942, In unconvincing. equally Gorky to age time, to IFAR at that submitted painting third The paint. white and of black drips lockian Pol ersatz with overlaid paintings, Grass the in 1946 Sounds of Pollock's imitative brushstrokes, gestural of brightly-colored underlayers with career, of Pollock's phases different two from tures 2013in submitted paintings drip-style two The materially. or stylistically either not hold Pollocks, did up as paintings Collection Brennerman the specialists, Pollock with upon examination More point, to the tion collec art or his Ramsey, Ethel and Bert heirs and servants Farmer, his Charles friend his estate, cago Chi his Brennerman, James either that evidence online. trees family build to users anonymous allowed which Mundia.com, All of the information on theinformation Mundia.com of All duplicated theinformation ever existed. and B) (right) (right) (FIGS. 1 & 2) & 1 (FIGS. B. A) ( (FIG. 3), 3), (FIG. THE PAINTINGSTHE Neptune Fountain, Madrid, Spain. left ) unsuccessfully borrowed fea borrowed unsuccessfully Photo saidto show afountain signed and dated 1942, was was 1942, dated and signed 6 In the end, we end, no found the In Homage to Gorky to Homage Hom IFAR

rep ------THE MYSTERIOUS JAMES BRENNERMAN 19

7 - - IFAR 4 © 201 o. VOL. 17, N 17, VOL.

(CR #33). But even #33). But in (CR those IFAR® JOURNAL IFAR® IFAR# 15.11, paint on cardboard, 32 x 42 in., 32 x 42 in., cardboard, paint on 15.11, IFAR#

FIGURE 14. Collection”. “Brennerman purported Pollock wise, the white paper backing the of cardboard, original the to cardboard, fluoresced in ultraviolet light, indicating the presence optical of brightening agents, which introduced not were into paper until well after1950, the painting’s date. 1942 correspondence. Moreover, thecorrespondence. painting Moreover, itself was missing the brown backing paper with Brennerman’s comments and the lengthy inventory number that hadwe criticized in our reports. was It clear that the backing paper had recently as vestiges been cut away, remained it of glued the to edges the of cardboard. our of previous word Evidently, negative reports was circulating. Stylistically, this cardboard on work (#15.11) fared better no than its Brennerman predecessors. Although dated 1942, the painting had nothing to withdo biomorphic Pollock’s works the of early likely, the1940s. More painter the of Brennerman waswork attempting imitate to early Pollock’s abstract brushed such as works the of mid-1930s, Overall Composition works, as expert one “the noted, forms are more clearly drawn”; whereas, the composition IFAR “dissolves in a flurry brushstrokes.” of A conserva confirmedtor that the paints appeared too pristine and new and thecardboard support too flexible a paintingfor said date to the to early 1940s. Like that had we singled negatively out in our earlier reports, in particular the discredited photographs Brennerman's mansionof and his of much early - - - - -

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was a other Croaking as well as documents very (FIG. 14), oeuvre, kind has been identi any had acrylic binders. to But, All accepted painting Jackson by Pollock, of 1946 (CR #161) with the stenographic #161) (CR 1946 of any of the of sampled paints turned be to anoma out cant passages finger-painting. of insignificantly, Not its dossier was missing the of some fourth a large work, abstract painting cardboard on also signed “Jackson Pollock 1942” brightly-colored brushed composition, with signifi getting inquiries from optimistic owners of Brennerman“Pollocks”. One additionalBrennerman waswork formally This submitted in IFAR to 2015. Our concerns that fakes more from this group would soon emerge confirmed, were as began we its continued circulation posed a significant threat theto understanding Pollock’s of the artmarket. by Pollock,by expressed we concern that the possible scale the of so-called Brennerman Collection and The results the of scientific examination confirmed our already negative opinion. In our final reports, in which categoricallywe rejected all three works as formulation that was commonly not used until the late 1980s. the acrylic paints found in the Brennerman paint ings consistent not were with either Magna Liq or uitex. they Rather, contained an acrylic emulsion although two types acrylic of paints – theacrylic resin Magna and the acrylic emulsion Liquitex – availablewere during lifetime. Pollock’s That said, lous for Pollock.lous for date, acrylic no paint of fied in some of the samples. All ments and the binding media. Additionally, pyroly sis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (py- GC/MS) was used analyze to the binding media of microspectrometry – and dispersive confocal Raman microscopy identify help to both the pig Forensic analysisForensic the on two drip-style paintings was particularly revealing. Six samples ana were lyzed using FTIR – Fourier transform infrared dered with ribbon-like strokes that nothing have at all with do to Pollock ineither period. and multicolored background of Pollock’s Movement marks found in his works the of early 1940s, ren THE MYSTERIOUS JAMES BRENNERMAN 20 the owner, theowner’s or with consent. We are only able to accept projects each year. alimited number of IFAR to individuals, offers itsservices dealers, museums, andother institutions. We only for examine art

which works to resolve art. works of questionsAs concerning anot-for-profit of theattribution IFAR®JOURNAL organization with a distinguished adistinguished scholars,Art with Councilorganization andaworldwideAdvisory network of For more than forty-eight years, IFAR has offered a unique Art Authentication Research Service, For years, more thanforty-eight IFARService, hasoffered aunique Art Authentication Research tion accompanying them is laughable. The sale sale The laughable. is them accompanying tion documenta much of the and wrong; are materials don’t they the hold up; Stylistically, purchaser. or sophisticated specialist art notwould fool any they works, Gallery Knoedler Rosales/ Glafira the some of at least Unlike fakes. not sophisticated are they Fortunately, upon examination. Pollocks bore up as Collection” “Brennerman so-called the from works submitted four none of the Thus, more fakes from the “Brennerman Collection” will will Collection” “Brennerman the from more fakes that knowledge certain the and involved, works of potential number sheer The further. proceeding from scam insidious we hope to stop this said, That today. worth be would Pollock actual an below what far range, five-figure the in are most low; suspiciously also are prices As an educational organization, IFAR itsresearch. to publish the results reserves theright of IFAR isfree to render objective opinions unaffected by themarketplace. IFARAUTHENTICATIONART SERVICE RESEARCH

VOL. 17, N For information, additional (212)391-6234 pleasecall o. 4©201 7 or go to www.ifar.org. . - “Brennerman Collection.” “Brennerman mysterious the work for from any catchphrase the order. in is For now,investigation emptor caveat is Perhaps agovernment scam. apparent the behind mastermind the or is works the created who stage We at do not this know recirculated. has tively we’ve on which works nega one opined of the that concerned already noted,we are previously out. As to speak us impels unwary, to dupe the continue negatively in our earlier reports. … negatively reports. our earlier in “Not dossier its was insignificantly, documents that wedocuments that out had singled negative circulating.” was reports Evidently, word of our previous missing some ofmissing the

very

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