DOCSLIB.ORG

Remembering the Great War

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Remembering the Great War History Remembering the Great War t is not a very well known fact that fighting. Peaks and hills were gained and Macedonia, although not a state lost several times during each battle. The at the time, took a great part, or front line was stable for a long time until rather, suffered a lot in World War it was broken by the Allied forces in 1918, One. One of the most stable front which lead to the capitulation of Bulgaria Ilines of the conflict passed through the and restitution of the Serbian state on whole territory of Macedonia. The front Macedonian territory. attracted great numbers of foreign troops The war brought a great many new who fought fierce battles resulting in experiences to Macedonian peasants, epic destruction, diseases and death tolls who were not very mobile at that time. among soldiers and the local people. The Encounters with new nations and races, Thessaloniki (Solun) or Macedonian Front strange love affairs, encounters with stretched from the Adriatic coast to the feminism, cross-national friendships, Struma River. The Allied forces (Britain, extreme suffering, poverty and hunger France, Greece and Serbia) were fighting moved and inspired Macedonian writers against Bulgaria and smaller detachments such as Petre M. Andreevski, Ivan of the armies of the Central Powers Capovski and Luan Starova. They wrote (Austro-Hungary and Germany). Bulgaria about brothers mobilized by rival armies took over Macedonian territory from the at the front, brave female nurses, love falling Serbian state. From Ohrid to Bitola, affairs between soldiers and locals, the then along the rivers Crna and Vardar, and first encounters with Arab and African around Dojran Lake heavy bombardment soldiers, unusual animals (camels), big and severe man-to-man battles took place. guns etc. The battles of Kajmakcalan, Krivolak, Commemoration of the centenary of the Kosturino and Dojran are notorious for Great War started in 2014 and will last the number of casualties and prolonged until 2018. As commemorations and other www.dmwc.org.mk • March 2016 11 History ceremonial events are held all over Europe, activists there have merged new projects Macedonia is becoming increasingly aware focusing on the memories recovered from of its part and suffering in this global letters of soldiers, forgotten graveyards of catastrophe. the loosing (Bulgarian) army have been Military cemeteries and war memorials restored, and more attention has been were built soon after the war. They were given to the fate of the local mobilized well maintained and annual ceremonies population. were held in many locations. Yet, There have always been physical these monuments mostly belonged remnants of the war hidden beneath the to the winning Allied forces. As the surface in forgotten trenches, bunkers, history written by the winners has been towers, and other frontline and battlefield increasingly challenged by historians and infrastructure. New building projects, 12 March 2016•www.dmwc.org.mk History forestry or agricultural projects on new one can spot the road built by the French land, and even archeological digsand river troops. The village of Brod was where the or lake bed investigations reveal dozens of hardest battle in this section of the front guns, grenades, elements of uniforms and was fought. weapons. Such findings have attracted Bitola has already created the First more local interest since administrative World War Walk in Pelister National Park. decentralization over the past fifteen years. The path offers recreation and education Municipalities have expressed an interest for the whole family. At the same time, in mapping their assets and unique points it commemorates the hard days of war in of interest and using them for organizing and around Biota. The town was under social life and promoting tourism. constant bombardment for two years. Many interesting initiatives have Historians say over 20 000 bombs fell on emerged lately. The Municipality of the city. The population loss was horrific: Dojran is using EU grants for cross- of the 60 000 inhabitants before the war border cooperation and partnering Bitola had only 23 000 left in its aftermath. with Kjustendil, Bulgaria, to mark and In the hills above Valandovo on the road revitalize the area and historical military to Strumica, Bulgarian forces won decisive infrastructure in the area. The project has battles in 1915 and 1916 over a British a noble aim of uniting through what once (predominantly Irish) regiment. Almost divided the neighboring countries. every year descendants of those brave The Municipality of Novaci is developing soldiers and officers visit the hills and a similar project. They are inspired by how villages of Kosturino, Sobri, Darlambos the region of Lower Normandy in France and Rabrovo. They have an internet has commemorated World War Two. Lower forum where they exchange information Normandy has established a structured and personal stories. They are mostly bilateral cooperation programme with devoted amateur enthusiasts but some Macedonia, and one of the most exciting are professional curators working in areas of the programme is the war time museums in Britain. They recreate events museichology and tourism. There are of 100 years ago according to the private many traces of heavy fighting abound in diaries of the soldiers and other records. the Macedonian municipality: trenches, We hope that this World War One machinegun bunkers, tunnels, built-up commemorative period will stimulate more caves, warehouses and hangars. There is research, care and local development in even a former military airport in the village the years to come. of Bac. The military hospital was near the present army installation Skocivir, and www.dmwc.org.mk • March 2016 13.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Download (719Kb)
    International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention ISSN (Online): 2319 – 7722, ISSN (Print): 2319 – 7714 www.ijhssi.org ||Volume 5 Issue 12||December. 2016 || PP.24-31 Historical–Geographic Overview Life Cycle of Tourism and Hospitality in Dojran and Dojran Lake in Republic of Macedonia Nikola V.Dimitrov (PHD)1, Cane Koteski (PHD)2, Tanja Angelkova Petkova (PHD)3, DejanMetodijeski (PHD)4, Dusko Josevski5 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 (Faculty of tourism and business Logistics – Gevgelija;, University “GoceDelcev” – Stip, R.Macedonia) Abstract: Dojran and Dojran Lake is a specific tourist area located in the southeast region in the Republic of Macedonia.The aim of this paper is to identify the beginning and explain the historical and geographical order of appearance, changes and processes in tourism and hospitality, and parallel to it determines the relationship of the life cycle of tourism in Dojran region. In this space tourism is based on the values of the natural triad, air– water-land,so most tourists use their time for various recreational,sports,health and other activities in and around the lake water. To confirm hypothesis we are using multiple research methods.Research starts with a descriptive method,continue with the evolutive and ends up with empirical method. In addition we use statistical, cartographic and other methods. According to the data from our research the lake and the settlement develop cyclically together with tourism.From the research we established a cycle which in the period of its maximum development is interrupted,and which soon begins to stabilize and rejuvenates with real indicatiors of tourism growth.
    [Show full text]
  • Environmental Protection of the Dojran Lake Catchment Area
    RMZ - Materials and Geoenvironment, Vol 50, No 1, pp 369-372, 2003 369 Environmental protection of the Dojran Lake catchment area RISTO STOJANOV1, BRANKA TRÈEK2, TADEJ DOLENEC3, TRAJAN DIMKOVSKI2 & SIMON PIRC3 1Faculty of Mining and Geology, Goce Delèev 89, 2000 tip, Macedonia; E-mail: info@rgf#ukim#edu#mk 2Geological Survey of Slovenia, Dimièeva ul# 14, SI-100 Ljubljana, Slovenia; E-mail: branka#trcek@geo-zs#si, dimkovski@amis#net 3Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Department of Geology, Akerèeva 12, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; E-mail: tadej#dolenec@ntfgeo#uni-lj#si, simon#pirc@guest#arnes#si Abstract: This paper points out the need of solving the ecological problems of the Dojran Lake and its catchment area, which mainly result from the overexploitation of water sources The most important results of hydrogeological and hydrological investigations are presented and the vulnerability of the territory is characterized Key words: Dojran lake, water sources, overexploitation, ecological problems INTRODUCTION The Dojran Lake and its catchment area are very important sources for the public, industrial and, especially, agricultural water supply The Dojran Lake is located in the south-eastern part of Macedonia on the border with Greece (Figure 1) at 148 m of the altitude The water resources of the Dojran Lake catchment area have been overexploited, which resulted in numerous ecological problems The lake fauna and flora has been changed - many species disappeared, but some new ones appeared that had not been typical for that environment
    [Show full text]
  • ARTICULATA 2010 25 (1): 73–107 FAUNISTIK Orthoptera and Mantodea in the Collection of the Macedonian Museum of Natural Histo
    Deutschen Gesellschaft für Orthopterologie e.V.; download http://www.dgfo-articulata.de/ ARTICULATA 2010 25 (1): 73௅107 FAUNISTIK Orthoptera and Mantodea in the collection of the Macedonian Museum of Natural History (Skopje) with an annotated check-list of the groups in Macedonia Dragan P. Chobanov & Branislava Mihajlova Abstract During the revision of the Orthoptera collection of the Macedonian Museum of Natural History (Skopje) in 2004, four Mantodea and 102 Orthoptera species (al- together 1057 specimens) collected in the Republic of Macedonia were deter- mined. Furthermore, a revision of the literature about the Macedonian orthopte- ran fauna was executed and some own unpublished records were added. As a result of the present study, eight taxa are added and 27 taxa are subtracted from the list of the Macedonian fauna. Thus, the updated check list of the Orthoptera fauna of Macedonia comprises four species of Mantodea, 167 Orthoptera taxa and two additional subspecies. The study also revealed that two Orthoptera spe- cies must be eliminated from the list of the Serbian fauna. Zusammenfassung Im Zuge der Bearbeitung der Orthopterensammlung des Naturhistorischen Mu- seums von Mazedonien (Skopje), im Jahre 2004, konnten vier Mantiden- und 102 Orthopterenarten (zusammen 1057 Individuen), die in der Republik Mazedo- nien gesammelt wurden, untersucht werden. Zusätzlich wurde eine umfangreiche Literaturstudie über die mazedonische Orthopterenfauna durchgeführt, die weite- re Nachweise lieferte. Die vorliegende Studie ergab acht neue Taxa für Mazedo- nien, wohingegen 27 der für die mazedonische Fauna angegebenen Taxa nicht in Mazedonien vorkommen. Die aktuelle Checkliste der Orthopterenfauna Maze- doniens enthält somit vier Arten Gottesanbeterinnen, 167 Heuschreckenarten und zwei weitere Unterarten.
    [Show full text]
  • The Shaping of Bulgarian and Serbian National Identities, 1800S-1900S
    The Shaping of Bulgarian and Serbian National Identities, 1800s-1900s February 2003 Katrin Bozeva-Abazi Department of History McGill University, Montreal A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 1 Contents 1. Abstract/Resume 3 2. Note on Transliteration and Spelling of Names 6 3. Acknowledgments 7 4. Introduction 8 How "popular" nationalism was created 5. Chapter One 33 Peasants and intellectuals, 1830-1914 6. Chapter Two 78 The invention of the modern Balkan state: Serbia and Bulgaria, 1830-1914 7. Chapter Three 126 The Church and national indoctrination 8. Chapter Four 171 The national army 8. Chapter Five 219 Education and national indoctrination 9. Conclusions 264 10. Bibliography 273 Abstract The nation-state is now the dominant form of sovereign statehood, however, a century and a half ago the political map of Europe comprised only a handful of sovereign states, very few of them nations in the modern sense. Balkan historiography often tends to minimize the complexity of nation-building, either by referring to the national community as to a monolithic and homogenous unit, or simply by neglecting different social groups whose consciousness varied depending on region, gender and generation. Further, Bulgarian and Serbian historiography pay far more attention to the problem of "how" and "why" certain events have happened than to the emergence of national consciousness of the Balkan peoples as a complex and durable process of mental evolution. This dissertation on the concept of nationality in which most Bulgarians and Serbs were educated and socialized examines how the modern idea of nationhood was disseminated among the ordinary people and it presents the complicated process of national indoctrination carried out by various state institutions.
    [Show full text]
  • The Forgotten Fronts the First World War Battlefield Guide: World War Battlefield First the the Forgotten Fronts Forgotten The
    Ed 1 Nov 2016 1 Nov Ed The First World War Battlefield Guide: Volume 2 The Forgotten Fronts The First Battlefield War World Guide: The Forgotten Fronts Creative Media Design ADR005472 Edition 1 November 2016 THE FORGOTTEN FRONTS | i The First World War Battlefield Guide: Volume 2 The British Army Campaign Guide to the Forgotten Fronts of the First World War 1st Edition November 2016 Acknowledgement The publisher wishes to acknowledge the assistance of the following organisations in providing text, images, multimedia links and sketch maps for this volume: Defence Geographic Centre, Imperial War Museum, Army Historical Branch, Air Historical Branch, Army Records Society,National Portrait Gallery, Tank Museum, National Army Museum, Royal Green Jackets Museum,Shepard Trust, Royal Australian Navy, Australian Defence, Royal Artillery Historical Trust, National Archive, Canadian War Museum, National Archives of Canada, The Times, RAF Museum, Wikimedia Commons, USAF, US Library of Congress. The Cover Images Front Cover: (1) Wounded soldier of the 10th Battalion, Black Watch being carried out of a communication trench on the ‘Birdcage’ Line near Salonika, February 1916 © IWM; (2) The advance through Palestine and the Battle of Megiddo: A sergeant directs orders whilst standing on one of the wooden saddles of the Camel Transport Corps © IWM (3) Soldiers of the Royal Army Service Corps outside a Field Ambulance Station. © IWM Inside Front Cover: Helles Memorial, Gallipoli © Barbara Taylor Back Cover: ‘Blood Swept Lands and Seas of Red’ at the Tower of London © Julia Gavin ii | THE FORGOTTEN FRONTS THE FORGOTTEN FRONTS | iii ISBN: 978-1-874346-46-3 First published in November 2016 by Creative Media Designs, Army Headquarters, Andover.
    [Show full text]
  • Blood Ties: Religion, Violence, and the Politics of Nationhood in Ottoman Macedonia, 1878
    BLOOD TIES BLOOD TIES Religion, Violence, and the Politics of Nationhood in Ottoman Macedonia, 1878–1908 I˙pek Yosmaog˘lu Cornell University Press Ithaca & London Copyright © 2014 by Cornell University All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in a review, this book, or parts thereof, must not be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher. For information, address Cornell University Press, Sage House, 512 East State Street, Ithaca, New York 14850. First published 2014 by Cornell University Press First printing, Cornell Paperbacks, 2014 Printed in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Yosmaog˘lu, I˙pek, author. Blood ties : religion, violence,. and the politics of nationhood in Ottoman Macedonia, 1878–1908 / Ipek K. Yosmaog˘lu. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-8014-5226-0 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN 978-0-8014-7924-3 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Macedonia—History—1878–1912. 2. Nationalism—Macedonia—History. 3. Macedonian question. 4. Macedonia—Ethnic relations. 5. Ethnic conflict— Macedonia—History. 6. Political violence—Macedonia—History. I. Title. DR2215.Y67 2013 949.76′01—dc23 2013021661 Cornell University Press strives to use environmentally responsible suppliers and materials to the fullest extent possible in the publishing of its books. Such materials include vegetable-based, low-VOC inks and acid-free papers that are recycled, totally chlorine-free, or partly composed of nonwood fibers. For further information, visit our website at www.cornellpress.cornell.edu. Cloth printing 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Paperback printing 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 To Josh Contents Acknowledgments ix Note on Transliteration xiii Introduction 1 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Information Sheet on DOJRAN LAKE (RIS)
    Information Sheet on DOJRAN LAKE (RIS) – 20062008 version Categories approved by Recommendation 4.7 (1990), as amended by Resolution VIII.13 of the 8th Conference of the Contracting Parties (2002) and Resolutions IX.1 Annex B, IX.6, IX.21 and IX. 22 of the 9 th Conference of the Contracting Parties (2005). FOR OFFICE USE ONLY . 1. Name and address of the compiler of this form: DD MM YY Branko Micevski, MRC, Zoological Dpt., Institute of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Skopje 1000, Macedonia [email protected] Designation date Site Reference Number 2. Date this sheet was completed/updated: 2 August 2007 3. Country: The FYR of Macedonia 4. Name of the Ramsar site: The precise name of the designated site in one of the three official languages (English, French orSpanish) of the Convention. Alternative names, including in local language(s), should be given in parentheses afterthe precise name. Dojran Lake (Dojransko Ezero) 5. Designation of new Ramsar site or update of existing site: This RIS is for (tick one box only) : a) Designation of a new Ramsar site √ or b) Updated information on an existing Ramsar site 6. For RIS updates only, changes to the site since its designation or earlier update: a) Site boundary and area The Ramsar site boundary and site area are unchanged: or If the site boundary has changed: i) the boundary has been delineated more accurately ; or ii) the boundary has been extended ; or iii) the boundary has been restricted** and/or If the site area has changed: i) the area has been measured more accurately ; or ii) the area has been extended ; or iii) the area has been reduced** ** Important note : If the boundary and/orarea of the designated site is being restricted/reduced, the Contracting Party should have followed the procedures established by the Conference of the Parties in the Annex to COP9 Resolution IX.6 and provided a report in line with paragraph 28 of that Annex, priorto the submission of an updated RIS.
    [Show full text]
  • Greek-Australian Alliance 1899
    GREEK-AUSTRALIAN ALLIANCE 1899 - 2016 100th Anniversary Macedonian Front 75th Anniversary Battles of Greece and Crete COURAGE SACRIFICE MATESHIP PHILOTIMO 1899 -1902 – Greek Australians Frank Manusu (above), Constantine Alexander, Thomas Haraknoss, Elias Lukas and George Challis served with the colonial forces in the South African Boer War. 1912 - 1913 – Australian volunteers served in the Royal Hellenic Forces in the Balkans Wars. At the outbreak of the Second Balkan War in 1913, John Thomas Woods of the St John Ambulance volunteered for service with the Red Cross, assisting the Greek Medical Corps at Thessaloniki, a service for which he was recognised with a Greek medal by King Constantine of Greece. 1914 - 1918 – Approximately 90 Greek Australians served on Gallipoli and the Western Front. Some were born in Athens, Crete, Castellorizo, Kythera, Ithaca, Peloponnesus, Samos, and Cephalonia, Lefkada and Cyprus and others in Australia. They were joined by Greek Australian nurses, including Cleopatra Johnson (Ioanou), daughter of Antoni Ioanou, gold miner of Moonan Brook, NSW. One of 13 Greek Australian Gallipoli veterans, George Cretan (Bikouvarakis) was born in Kefalas, Crete in 1888 and migrated to Sydney in 1912. On the left in Crete, 1910 and middle in Sydney 1918 wearing his Gallipoli Campaign medals. Right, Greek Australian Western Front veteran Joseph Morris (Sifis Voyiatzis) of Cretan heritage. PAGE 2 1915, 4th March – The first Anzacs landed on Lemnos Island, in Moudros Harbour and were part of the largest armada ever assembled at that time. The island served as the main base of operations for the Gallipoli Campaign, including hospitals. In the waters around Lemnos and the island’s soil now rest over 220 Anzacs.
    [Show full text]
  • Macedonians and the Greek Civil War
    Macedonians and the Greek Civil War By By Naum Peiov (Translated from Macedonian to English and edited by Risto Stefov) Macedonians and the Greek Civil War Published by: Risto Stefov Publications [email protected] Toronto, Canada Originally published in Macedonian in June 1968 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system without written consent from the author, except for the inclusion of brief and documented quotations in a review. Copyright 2015 by Naum Peiov & Risto Stefov e-book edition November 16, 2015 2 INDEX Foreword ............................................................................................4 PART ONE – The Greek Civil War 1945 – 1949 - Introduction ......8 CHAPTER ONE – Unilateral Civil War .........................................21 CHAPTER TWO - Restoration of the monarchy ............................52 CHAPTER THREE – ESTABLISHING A DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENT..............................................................................72 CHAPTER FOUR - Withdrawal of the Democratic Army .............81 PART TWO - Macedonians in the Greek Civil War .......................91 CHAPTER FIVE – Systematic persecution of the Macedonian people ...............................................................................................91 CHAPTER SIX - RESISTANCE TO NEW PRESSURE .............127 CHAPTER SEVEN - RELATIONS BETWEEN NOF AND THE CPG................................................................................................136
    [Show full text]
  • Dojran Municipality
    PROJECT APPRAISAL DOCUMENT Procurement of solid waste collection vehicle and backhoe loader Municipal Services Improvement Project financed from International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (World Bank) July 2014 DOJRAN MUNICIPALITY I. PROJECT DESCRIPTION A. GENERAL INFORMATION ON THE MUNICIPALITY 1. Location map 2. Information Dojran municipality is situated in the south-east part of Macedonia on western shore of Dojran Lake. The municipality borders with Greece and is located between the mountains Belasica (1883 m.a.s.l.) to the north, Krusa Mountain (860 m.a.s.l.) and Karabalija (697 m.a.s.l.) to the west. The municipality comprises 11 populated settlements located on a territory of 132km2. According to the 2002 Census the total population number was 3,426. The average altitude is 146m and the terrain is hilly with moderate climate. The municipal seat is located in Star Dojran. The municipality was created in 1996 as Star Dojran municipality and renamed into Dojran in 2004. The hill Kalatepe (691m) is located on the western coast of the lake. The field Asanlisko, part of the Nikolic valley and the hill Bosco (720m) are located on the northwest side. Belasica mountain and Krusha mountain are located on the east side. All of them are slightly sinking into the lake, creating fertile surfaces for agriculture. The lowest part of the valley is on south, near the settlement of Kara-Dojran in Greece. Dojran municipality borders with Bogdanci municipality to the west, Valandovo municipality to the north and to Greece to the east and south. The municipality belongs to the South-eastern planning Region together with nine other municipalities (Bogdanci, Bosilovo, Valandovo, Vasilevo, Gevgelija, Konce, Novo Selo, Radovis and Strumica).
    [Show full text]
  • Balkan Wars Between the Lines: Violence and Civilians in Macedonia, 1912-1918
    ABSTRACT Title of Document: BALKAN WARS BETWEEN THE LINES: VIOLENCE AND CIVILIANS IN MACEDONIA, 1912-1918 Stefan Sotiris Papaioannou, Ph.D., 2012 Directed By: Professor John R. Lampe, Department of History This dissertation challenges the widely held view that there is something morbidly distinctive about violence in the Balkans. It subjects this notion to scrutiny by examining how inhabitants of the embattled region of Macedonia endured a particularly violent set of events: the Balkan Wars of 1912-1913 and the First World War. Making use of a variety of sources including archives located in the three countries that today share the region of Macedonia, the study reveals that members of this majority-Orthodox Christian civilian population were not inclined to perpetrate wartime violence against one another. Though they often identified with rival national camps, inhabitants of Macedonia were typically willing neither to kill their neighbors nor to die over those differences. They preferred to pursue priorities they considered more important, including economic advancement, education, and security of their properties, all of which were likely to be undermined by internecine violence. National armies from Balkan countries then adjacent to geographic Macedonia (Bulgaria, Greece, and Serbia) and their associated paramilitary forces were instead the perpetrators of violence against civilians. In these violent activities they were joined by armies from Western and Central Europe during the First World War. Contrary to existing military and diplomatic histories that emphasize continuities between the Balkan Wars of 1912-1913 and the First World War, this primarily social history reveals that the nature of abuses committed against civilians changed rapidly during this six-year period.
    [Show full text]
  • Ecological and Hydrological State of Dojran Lake
    UDK: 551.481.1/551.49 Originalni naučni rad ECOLOGICAL AND HYDROLOGICAL STATE OF DOJRAN LAKE Cvetanka POPOVSKA, Violeta GESOVSKA, Dragan IVANOSKI University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Department of hydraulics, hydrology and river engineering, Partizanski odredi 24, PO Box 560, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia E-mail: [email protected] ABSTACT neighboring watersheds in Macedonia has been considered, such as transfer of surface water from the In the Republic of Macedonia there are three natural river Konska and transfer of groundwater from wells in lakes: Ohrid, Prespa and Dojran. Of these the Dojran the Vardar River terraces. In spite of divergent experts’ Lake is the smallest, but not less significant as a water opinions about these one-sided actions, the second of resource and as a scenic beauty. In the course of the last the planned transfers was realized. 15 years this site of natural heritage is threatened because the lake’s water level decreased seriously. The It is rather difficult to decide how much the present state watershed area of the lake and the lake itself are shared of the lake was caused by hydrology and climate, or by Macedonia and Greece. Recharge of the lake comes how much is it due to some other not clearly identified from direct runoff, small tributaries and groundwater. causes, including human activity. The paper presents Since 1988 the lake surface area decreased from 42 km2 hydrological and meteorological analyses of the Dojran to 31 km2, and more significantly, and the water volume Lake based on the data collected at the meteorological dropped from 262 million m3 to only 80 million m3 in station of Novi Dojran, with a critical evaluation of their 2000.
    [Show full text]