DOCSLIB.ORG

Next Steps for Honduras Hearing

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

NEXT STEPS FOR HONDURAS HEARING BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE OF THE COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED ELEVENTH CONGRESS SECOND SESSION MARCH 18, 2010 Serial No. 111–94 Printed for the use of the Committee on Foreign Affairs ( Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.foreignaffairs.house.gov/ U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 55–517PDF WASHINGTON : 2010 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2104 Mail: Stop IDCC, Washington, DC 20402–0001 VerDate 0ct 09 2002 14:25 Jun 29, 2010 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 5011 Sfmt 5011 F:\WORK\WH\031810\55517 HFA PsN: SHIRL COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS HOWARD L. BERMAN, California, Chairman GARY L. ACKERMAN, New York ILEANA ROS-LEHTINEN, Florida ENI F.H. FALEOMAVAEGA, American CHRISTOPHER H. SMITH, New Jersey Samoa DAN BURTON, Indiana DONALD M. PAYNE, New Jersey ELTON GALLEGLY, California BRAD SHERMAN, California DANA ROHRABACHER, California ELIOT L. ENGEL, New York DONALD A. MANZULLO, Illinois BILL DELAHUNT, Massachusetts EDWARD R. ROYCE, California GREGORY W. MEEKS, New York RON PAUL, Texas DIANE E. WATSON, California JEFF FLAKE, Arizona RUSS CARNAHAN, Missouri MIKE PENCE, Indiana ALBIO SIRES, New Jersey JOE WILSON, South Carolina GERALD E. CONNOLLY, Virginia JOHN BOOZMAN, Arkansas MICHAEL E. MCMAHON, New York J. GRESHAM BARRETT, South Carolina JOHN S. TANNER, Tennessee CONNIE MACK, Florida GENE GREEN, Texas JEFF FORTENBERRY, Nebraska LYNN WOOLSEY, California MICHAEL T. MCCAUL, Texas SHEILA JACKSON LEE, Texas TED POE, Texas BARBARA LEE, California BOB INGLIS, South Carolina SHELLEY BERKLEY, Nevada GUS BILIRAKIS, Florida JOSEPH CROWLEY, New York MIKE ROSS, Arkansas BRAD MILLER, North Carolina DAVID SCOTT, Georgia JIM COSTA, California KEITH ELLISON, Minnesota GABRIELLE GIFFORDS, Arizona RON KLEIN, Florida VACANT RICHARD J. KESSLER, Staff Director YLEEM POBLETE, Republican Staff Director SUBCOMMITTEE ON THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE ELIOT L. ENGEL, New York, Chairman GREGORY W. MEEKS, New York CONNIE MACK, Florida ALBIO SIRES, New Jersey MICHAEL T. MCCAUL, Texas GENE GREEN, Texas CHRISTOPHER H. SMITH, New Jersey GABRIELLE GIFFORDS, Arizona DAN BURTON, Indiana ENI F. H. FALEOMAVAEGA, American ELTON GALLEGLY, California Samoa RON PAUL, Texas DONALD M. PAYNE, New Jersey JEFF FORTENBERRY, Nebraska JOHN S. TANNER, Tennessee GUS BILIRAKIS, Florida BARBARA LEE, California JOSEPH CROWLEY, New York RON KLEIN, Florida JASON STEINBAUM, Subcommittee Staff Director ERIC JACOBSTEIN, Subcommittee Professional Staff Member JULIE SCHOENTHALER, Staff Associate (II) VerDate 0ct 09 2002 14:25 Jun 29, 2010 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 5904 Sfmt 5904 F:\WORK\WH\031810\55517 HFA PsN: SHIRL C O N T E N T S Page WITNESSES The Honorable Craig A. Kelly, Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary, Bureau of Western Hemisphere Affairs, U.S. Department of State (Former U.S. Ambassador to Chile) ........................................................................................... 18 Ms. Vicki Gass, Senior Associate for Rights and Development, Washington Office on Latin America (WOLA) ........................................................................ 40 The Honorable Cresencio ‘‘Cris’’ Arcos (Former Assistant Secretary of Home- land Security for International Affairs) (Former U.S. Ambassador to Hon- duras) .................................................................................................................... 52 His Excellency Kevin Casas-Zamora, Senior Fellow, Foreign Policy and Latin America Initiative, The Brookings Institution (Former Minister of National Planning and Economic Policy and Second Vice President of Costa Rica) ...... 60 LETTERS, STATEMENTS, ETC., SUBMITTED FOR THE HEARING The Honorable Eliot L. Engel, a Representative in Congress from the State of New York, and Chairman, Subcommittee on the Western Hemisphere: Prepared statement .............................................................................................. 4 The Honorable Connie Mack, a Representative in Congress from the State of Florida: Prepared statement ........................................................................... 8 The Honorable Craig A. Kelly: Prepared statement ............................................. 20 Ms. Vicki Gass: Prepared statement ...................................................................... 43 The Honorable Cresencio ‘‘Cris’’ Arcos: Prepared statement ............................... 54 His Excellency Kevin Casas-Zamora: Prepared statement .................................. 63 APPENDIX Hearing notice .......................................................................................................... 82 Hearing minutes ...................................................................................................... 83 The Honorable Connie Mack, a Representative in Congress from the State of Florida: Statement of Lanny J. Davis, Attorney ........................................... 84 The Honorable Eliot L. Engel: Letter dated March 17, 2010, to the Honorable Hugo Llorens, U.S. Ambassador to Honduras ................................................... 86 The Honorable Eliot L. Engel: Letter dated March 18, 2010, from the Honor- able Hugo Llorens ................................................................................................ 88 The Honorable Barbara Lee, a Representative in Congress from the State of California: Register of Politically Motivated Violent Deaths of Individ- uals, June 2009 to February 2010 ...................................................................... 90 The Honorable Barbara Lee: Press Release, ‘‘IACHR Deplores Murders, Kidnappings, and Attacks in Honduras’’ ............................................................ 94 The Honorable Barbara Lee: Letter dated March 3, 2010, to the Attorney General of Honduras Urging Investigations into Attacks on Coup Oppo- nents ...................................................................................................................... 96 The Honorable Dan Burton, a Representative in Congress from the State of Indiana: Report dated February 21, 2008, from the Library of Congress on the Laws of Honduras .................................................................................... 98 The Honorable Dan Burton: USTR Annual NTE Report 2006—Honduras ........ 104 The Honorable Dan Burton: USTR Annual NTE Report 2007—Honduras ........ 105 The Honorable Dan Burton: Letter dated September 23, 2004, from Nelson Parks, Deputy Director for Production and Consumption, Secretary of In- dustry and Commerce, Republic of Honduras and Cement Investigation Report .................................................................................................................... 106 (III) VerDate 0ct 09 2002 14:25 Jun 29, 2010 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 5904 Sfmt 5904 F:\WORK\WH\031810\55517 HFA PsN: SHIRL IV Page The Honorable Dan Burton: Inter-agency Memo Regarding Illegal Practices Against CEMAR ................................................................................................... 111 The Honorable Eliot L. Engel: Criminal Complaint against Acts of Corrup- tion ........................................................................................................................ 113 The Honorable Dan Burton: Honduras Attorney General Position on CEMAR Bankruptcy ........................................................................................................... 115 The Honorable Dan Burton: Letter dated July 14, 2008, from the Honorable Larry L. Palmer ................................................................................................... 122 The Honorable Eliot L. Engel: Letter dated January 6, 2009, from Stuart E. Eizenstat, Covington & Burling LLP ............................................................. 124 The Honorable Eliot L. Engel: Letter dated April 28, 2009, from Oscar M. Cerna regarding State Department Response to Congressional Letter .......... 129 The Honorable Eliot L. Engel: Letter dated June 19, 2009, to the Honorable Hillary Clinton, United States Department of State, from Members of Con- gress ...................................................................................................................... 131 The Honorable Eliot L. Engel: Letter from Assistant Secretary Richard R. Verma, United States Department of State, in response to June 19 letter from Members of Congress .................................................................................. 138 The Honorable Eliot L. Engel: Letter dated January 11, 2010, to the Honor- able Hillary Rodham Clinton from the Honorable John Conyers, Jr., a Representative in Congress from the State of Michigan and Chairman, Committee on the Judiciary ................................................................................ 140 The Honorable Eliot L. Engel: Letter dated March 17, 2010, to the Honorable Hillary Rodham Clinton from the Honorable Charles B. Rangel, a Rep- resentative in Congress from the State of New York ....................................... 142 The Honorable Eliot L. Engel: Letter dated January 21, 2010, to the Honor- able Lugo Llorens ................................................................................................. 144 The Honorable Eliot L. Engel: Letter received March 11, 2010, from Assistant Secretary Richard R. Verma to the Honorable Eliot L.
Recommended publications
  • Cuba in Transition · ASCE 1998

    Cuba in Transition · ASCE 1998

    RENAISSSANCE AND DECAY: A COMPARISON OF SOCIOECONOMIC INDICATORS IN PRE-CASTRO AND CURRENT-DAY CUBA1 Kirby Smith and Hugo Llorens “The choice is between capitalism and chaos.” revolutionary socialist government, and compares —Ludwig von Mises Cuba’s development in each of these periods with that of all other countries in Latin America for which An enduring myth is that Cuba in the 1950s was a data are available.2 We have relied most extensively socially and economically backward country whose development, especially in the areas of health and ed- on United Nations (UN) data, particularly from the ucation, was made possible by the socialist nature of Statistical Yearbook and Demographic Yearbook, the Castro government. Despite the widespread ac- which we consider among the most extensive data ceptance of this view, readily available data show that compendiums in the development field. Other trade Cuba was already a relatively well-advanced country and macroeconomic data are derived from the Inter- in 1958, certainly by Latin American standards, and national Monetary Fund’s Direction of Trade Statis- in some cases by world standards. The data show that tics, which provides a consistent data series dating Cuba has at best maintained what were already high back to the pre-revolutionary period. levels of development in health and education, but that in other areas, Cubans have borne extraordinary For the various international comparisons and rank- costs as a result of Castro-style totalitarianism and ings given below, only those countries acquiring in- misguided economic policies. Indeed, with the possi- dependence prior to 1958 and having relatively con- ble exception of health and education, Cuba’s rela- sistent data available for the period 1955-present tive position among Latin American countries is low- have been included.
  • Obama Administration Relations with Central America: a Conversation with Seven U.S

    Obama Administration Relations with Central America: a Conversation with Seven U.S

    Obama Administration Relations with Central America: A Conversation with Seven U.S. Ambassadors Tuesday, February 1, 2011 8:30 a.m. – 10:00 a.m. Fifth Floor Conference Room Speakers’ Biographies Ambassador Anne Slaughter Andrew became the first woman to serve as U.S. Ambassador to Costa Rica in December 2009. Prior to her service as Ambassador, she founded New Energy Nexus, LLC. She also co-founded Anson Group LLC and served as co-owner and Director until 2007. Ambassador Andrew was previously a partner at the Patton & Boggs law firm and Co-Chair of the Environment/Energy Team at Baker & Daniels. Ambassador Andrew received a Bachelor of Arts from Georgetown University and a Juris Doctorate from Indiana University School of Law at Indianapolis. Ambassador Mari Carmen Aponte began her service as U.S. Ambassador to the Republic of El Salvador in December 2009. She had served as a consultant and solo law practitioner since 2005 and has been a member of the Council on Foreign Relations since 1995. From 1979 to 1980 Ambassador Aponte served as a White House Fellow assigned to the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. She has also worked on the state level as Executive Director of the Puerto Rico Federal Affairs Administration. Ambassador Aponte holds a Bachelor of Arts from Rosemont College, a Master of Arts Degree from Villanova University, and a law degree from Temple University. Ambassador Robert J. Callahan was sworn in as U.S. Ambassador to Nicaragua in July 2008. He was the first public diplomacy fellow at the School of Media and Public Affairs at the George Washington University.
  • As US and NATO Forces Withdraw, We Must Not Abandon the Afghan

    As US and NATO Forces Withdraw, We Must Not Abandon the Afghan

    Letter In Support of The Afghan People by (ANDSF) who are fighting to protect Afghan lives from Friends of Afghanistan terrorists as well as work towards our shared security interests. Together, we must: § Re-affirm robust financial support to ANDSF which is the most popular and respected institution in Afghanistan. Technical and financial support, As US and NATO Forces Withdraw, intelligence-sharing, and training and assistance We Must Not Abandon programs are essential for ANDSF to effectively combat terrorism and defend their country. To The Afghan People and address concerns around corruption, the international community must immediately develop a joint plan Their Democratic Republic with the ANDSF on a framework that can mitigate corruption and ensure continued support as they work to fill the security vacuum catalysed by the withdrawal. § Continue development assistance to key institutions that deliver basic services. With an emboldened We are facing unprecedented times and this past year Taliban and their affiliates threatening crucial has been difficult for citizens globally. Today, no matter institutions and civic spaces, it is imperative to support where we are in the world, we can all relate to feelings of education, health, and community programmes. loss, uncertainty and isolation. The pandemic has demonstrated irrefutably that we are all interconnected § Reaffirm support for civil society and human rights. and that certain challenges can only be addressed if all Women and human rights defenders, journalists and allies collaborate and act jointly. During his recent visit to media workers, as well as civil society activists, are Europe, President Biden reaffirmed America’s facing deadly violence daily.
  • Key Officers at Foreign Service Posts

    Key Officers at Foreign Service Posts

    United States Department of State Telephone Directory This customized report includes the following section(s): Key Officers List (UNCLASSIFIED) 8/12/2008 Provided by The Office of Global Publishing Solutions, A/ISS/GPS Cover UNCLASSIFIED Key Officers of Foreign Service Posts Afghanistan ISSO Gary Harral KABUL (E) Great Massoud Road, APO/FPO APO AE 09806, (VoIP, Algeria US-based) 301-490-1042, Fax No working Fax, INMARSAT Tel 011- 873-761-837-725, Workweek: Saturday - Thursday 0800-1630, Website: kabul.usembassy.gov ALGIERS (E) 5, Chemin Cheikh Bachir Ibrahimi, +213 (770) 08- Officer Name 2000, Fax +213 (21) 60-7335, Workweek: Sat-Wed 08:00-17:00, Website: http://algiers.usembassy.gov DCM OMS Debbie Ash Officer Name AMB OMS Linda Landers DHS/ICE Sonya Renander DCM OMS Lina Mendez FM Stephen Tuntland AMB OMS Lina Mendez HRO Anne Louise Hanson ECO/COM Jeffrey W. Mazur MGT John Olson FCS Rick Ortiz AMB William B. Wood FM Winston I. Noel CON Mai-Thao Nguyenn MGT Kristi Hogan-Lahmar DCM Christopher Dell POL/ECO Mark A. Schapiro PAO Tom Niblock AMB Robert S Ford GSO Valeria Kayatin CON Joshua Fischel RSO Bruce Mills DCM Thomas F. Daughton AID Michael Yates PAO Rafik K. Mansour DAO COL Richard B. White GSO Ann F. Granatino DEA Vince Balbo RSO Julie S. Cabus EEO Gloria Shields AFSA Jennifer McAlpine FAA David Boulter AGR Michael Fay FMO Simpson, Rick CLO Mikiko Fischel ICASS Chair Kirk Meyer DAO COL Steven R. Drago IMO David Rowles EEO Rafik Mansour ISO Matt Michaud ICASS Chair Mark A. Schapiro ISSO Matt Michaud IMO Linda L Safta POL Sara Rosenberry ISSO Duane M.
  • Us Involvement in the Amia

    Us Involvement in the Amia

    U.S. INVOLVEMENT IN THE AMIA BOMBING INVESTIGATION: KEEPING IRAN “IN THE DOCK” by MIKE LASUSA Dr. Philip Brenner, Advisor A substantial research paper submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in International Affairs: United States Foreign Policy and National Security AMERICAN UNIVERSITY Washington, D.C. APRIL 2016 1 Introduction On the morning of July 18, 1994, a bomb exploded in Buenos Aires, destroying the headquarters of the Argentine Jewish Mutual Association, better known by its Spanish acronym, AMIA. The blast killed 85 people and injured more than 200 others in an incident that would become known as the deadliest anti-Semitic terrorist attack in Latin American history.1 Over the past two decades, a labyrinthine body of evidence has accumulated about the AMIA bombing. Yet, despite the emergence of several plausible theories of culpability, no one has ever conclusively proven the identity, much less the guilt, of any of the perpetrators. Nevertheless, from the day of the attack day until the present, various elements of the United States government have advanced the idea -- now widely accepted in foreign policy circles -- that high-level Iranian officials orchestrated the attack through their contacts with the Lebanon-based militant group Hezbollah. In fact, as of this writing, a timeline on the website of the U.S. National Counterterrorism Center definitively attributes responsibility for the AMIA bombing to Hezbollah.2 At the same time, some experts and observers over the years have questioned the “Iran Theory.” For example, in 2014, the Argentine judge handling the AMIA case, Rodolfo Canicoba Corral, said the Iran Theory is “still a hypothesis.”3 Both Iran and Hezbollah have repeatedly denied that they had any role in the bombing.
  • Telephone Directory

    Telephone Directory

    United States Department of State Telephone Directory This customized report includes the following section(s): Key Officers List (UNCLASSIFIED) 5/3/2010 Provided by The Office of Global Publishing Solutions, A/ISS/GPS Cover UNCLASSIFIED Key Officers of Foreign Service Posts Afghanistan DAO Jerry Cornett FMO Dale Giovengo IMO Gary Harral KABUL (E) Great Massoud Road, (VoIP, US-based) 301-490-1042, ISSO Benjamin Weiss Fax No working Fax, INMARSAT Tel 011-873-761-837-725, Workweek: Saturday - Thursday 0800-1630, Website: kabul.usembassy.gov Algeria Officer Name DCM OMS Karen Trimble AMB OMS Linda Landers ALGIERS (E) 5, Chemin Cheikh Bachir Ibrahimi, +213 (770) 08- DCM/CHG Francis J. Ricciardone 2000, Fax +213 (21) 60-7335, Workweek: Sun- Thurs 08:00-17:00, Website: http://algiers.usembassy.gov DHS/ICE Trey Terry Officer Name ECO Michael Spangler FM Mark Moore AMB OMS Shelly Ainsley HRO Terry Murphree FCS Douglas Wallace MGT Kevin Milas FM Thomas Streiffert NAS/INL Andrew Quinn HRO Jeanne M. Miller POL/MIL Phil Kosnett MGT David Wick (Tdy) AMB Karl W. Eikenberry POL/ECO Michael Bosshart CON Randall Merideth POL/MIL Beth Wilson PAO Steve Cristina AMB David D Pearce GSO Tim Bullington CON Jennifer Noisette RSO Doug Allison DCM W. William Jordan CLO Eileen Milas PAO Lawrence Randolph DEA Michael Marsac GSO Christa Dupuis FAA David Boulter RSO Kevin Whitson FMO Tahwanda Lambert AFSA Melissa Schubert IMO Elizabeth Slater AGR Hassan Ahmed ISO Kim Long CLO Noemi Phillips/Leann Tichenor LEGATT Robert Jones DAO COL Terry Tichenor POL Ann Pforzheimer EEO Jennifer Noisette FMO Jeanne M.
  • Department of State

    Department of State

    DEPARTMENT OF STATE 2201 C Street, NW., 20520, phone (202) 647–4000 HILLARY RODHAM CLINTON, Secretary of State; born in Chicago, IL, October 26, 1947; education: B.A., Wellesley College, 1969; J.D., Yale Law School, 1973; professional: Assistant Professor, University of Arkansas School of Law, 1975; Attorney and Partner, Rose Law Firm, 1976–92; board member, Legal Services Corporation Board, 1978–81; First Lady of Arkansas, 1979–81 and 1983–92; board member, Children’s Defense Fund, 1986– 92; First Lady of the United States, 1993–2001; author, It Takes A Village, 1996; Living History, 2000; Senator from New York, 2001–09; committees: Armed Services; Budget; Environment and Public Works; Health, Education, Labor and Pensions; Select Committee on Aging; candidate for president, 2007–08; nominated by President Barack Obama to become the 67th Secretary of State, and was confirmed by the U.S. Senate on January 22, 2009. OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY Secretary of State.—Hillary Rodham Clinton, room 7226, 647–9572. Deputy Secretary.—James B. Steinberg. Deputy Secretary for Management and Resources.—Jacob J. Lew. Executive Assistant.—Joseph E. Macmanus, 647–9572. Chief of Staff.—Cheryl Mills, 647–5548. AMBASSADOR-AT-LARGE FOR WAR CRIMES ISSUES Ambassador-at-Large.—John C. ‘‘Clint’’ Williamson, room 7419A, 647–5072. Deputy.—Vacant, 647–5543. OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OF PROTOCOL Chief of Protocol.—Vacant, room 1232, 647–4543. Deputy Chief.—Vacant, 647–4120. OFFICE OF CIVIL RIGHTS Director.—John M. Robinson, room 7428, 647–9295. Deputy Director.—Gregory B. Smith. OFFICE OF COORDINATOR FOR COUNTERTERRORISM Coordinator / Ambassador-at-Large.—Vacant, room 2509, 647–9892.
  • Honduran-U.S. Relations

    Honduran-U.S. Relations

    Order Code RL34027 Honduran-U.S. Relations Updated September 25, 2008 Mark P. Sullivan Specialist in Latin American Affairs Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Peter J. Meyer Analyst in Latin American Affairs Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Honduran-U.S. Relations Summary The Central American nation of Honduras, one of the hemisphere’s poorest countries, faces significant challenges in the areas of crime, human rights, and improving overall economic and living conditions. While traditional agricultural exports of coffee and bananas are still important for the economy, nontraditional sectors, especially the maquiladora, or export-processing industry, have grown significantly over the past decade. Among the country’s development challenges are a poverty rate over 70%, high infant mortality, and a significant HIV/AIDS epidemic. Despite these challenges, increased public spending on health and education have reaped significant improvements in development indicators over the past decade. Current President Manuel Zelaya of the Liberal Party won a four-year term in the November 2005 elections. The country has enjoyed 26 years of uninterrupted elected civilian democratic rule. The economy, which grew 6.3% in 2006 and in 2007, has benefitted from significant debt reduction by the international financial institutions that is freeing government resources to finance poverty-reduction programs. A key challenge for the government is curbing violent crime and the growth of youth gangs. The United States has a close relationship with Honduras, characterized by an important trade partnership, a U.S. military presence in the country, and cooperation on a range of transnational issues, although there have been some recent strains in relations in light of President Zelaya’s move toward closer relations with Venezuela.
  • Department of State

    Department of State

    DEPARTMENTS 109 DEPARTMENT OF STATE Type Level, Location Position Title Name of Incumbent of Pay Grade, or Tenure Expires Appt. Plan Pay OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY Washington, DC .... Secretary of State .............................................. Condoleezza Rice ................ PAS EX I ................ Do .................... Deputy Secretary ............................................... John D. Negroponte ........... PAS EX II ................ Do .................... Chief of Protocol ................................................ Nancy G. Brinker ............... PAS EX IV ................ Do .................... Ambassador-At-Large (War Crimes) ............... John Clint Williamson ....... PAS EX IV ................ Do .................... HIV/AIDS Coordinator ...................................... Mark Dybul ........................ PAS EX IV ................ Do .................... Assistant Secretary for Resource Manage- Bradford Higgins ................ PAS EX IV ................ ment. Do .................... Chief of Staff ...................................................... Brian Gunderson ................ NA ES ................ ................ Do .................... Deputy Chief of Protocol ................................... Raymond Martinez ............. NA ES ................ ................ Do .................... ......do .................................................................. Charity N. Wallace ............ NA ES ................ ................ Do .................... Senior Advisor ..................................................

  • Congressional Record United States Th of America PROCEEDINGS and DEBATES of the 107 CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION

    E PL UR UM IB N U U S Congressional Record United States th of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 107 CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION Vol. 148 WASHINGTON, TUESDAY, OCTOBER 8, 2002 No. 131 Senate The Senate met at 9 a.m. and was U.S. SENATE, I ask Senators to try to find time in called to order by the Honorable ZELL PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE, their schedules and, as I indicated last MILLER, a Senator from the State of Washington, DC, October 8, 2002. night, we will try to work with both To the Senate: Georgia. Under the provisions of rule I, paragraph 3, staffs to come up with specific times so of the Standing Rules of the Senate, I hereby people are not waiting around. This de- PRAYER appoint the Honorable ZELL MILLER, a Sen- bate should be in full sway at 10 The Chaplain, Dr. Lloyd John ator from the State of Georgia, to perform o’clock. I hope if anyone has amend- Ogilvie, offered the following prayer: the duties of the Chair. ments to offer, they will do it also at O God, our refuge and strength, a ROBERT C. BYRD, that time or shortly thereafter. President pro tempore. very present help in trouble, we will f not fear! In the midst of these perilous Mr. MILLER thereupon assumed the times, we hear Your voice saying, ‘‘Be chair as Acting President pro tempore. RESERVATION OF LEADER TIME still and know that I am God, I will be f The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem- exalted among the Nations, I will be RECOGNITION OF THE ACTING pore.

  • LIST of CHIEFS of MISSION As of April 27, 2011

    LIST OF CHIEFS OF MISSION as of April 27, 2011 POST NAME TITLE AND STATE CATEGORY AFGHANISTAN, Islamic Karl Winfrid Eikenberry AMB NC FL Republic of, Appt 04-29-09 Kabul Oath 04-29-09 ALBANIA, REPUBLIC OF, Alexander A. Arvizu AMB CMSFS-M-C VA Tirana Appt 10-01-10 Oath 11-10-10 ALGERIA, DEMOCRATIC David D. Pearce AMB CMSFS-M-C VA AND POPULAR REPUBLIC OF, Appt 08-04-08 Algiers Oath 08-21-08 ANDORRA, Andorra La Alan D. Solomont AMB NC MA Vella --Also Amb to Spain (Resident Madrid) ANGOLA, REPUBLIC OF, Christopher J. McMullen AMB CMSFS-M-C VA Luanda Appt 10-01-10 Oath 10-29-10 ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA, Vacant AMB 1/ St. John’s --Also Amb to Barbados, the (Resident-Bridgetown) Commonwealth of Dominica, Grenada, St. Kitts and Nevis, and St, Vincent and Grenadines ARGENTINA, Buenos Aires Vilma S. Martinez AMB NC CA Appt 07-28-09 Oath 08-12-09 l/ No mission exists at St. John’s Category Abbreviations: Appt Appointment Date NC Non-Career NC* Retiring Career Member of the Foreign Service converted to a Presidential Appointment CMSFS-CA Career Member of the Senior Foreign Service, Personal Rank of Career Ambassador CMSFS-CM Career Member of the Senior Foreign Service, Class of Career Minister CMSFS-M-C Career Member of the Senior Foreign Service, Class of Minister-Counselor CMSFS-C Career Member of the Senior Foreign Service, Class of Counselor CMSES Career Member of the Senior Executive Service **Assigned Chief of Mission under Sec 502(c) of the Foreign Service Act 2 POST NAME TITLE AND STATE CATEGORY ARMENIA, REPUBLIC OF, Marie L.
  • Nation and Imagination During the 2002 Coup

    Nation and Imagination During the 2002 Coup

    JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2011 report: coups Venezuela’s Wounded Bodies: Nation and Imagination During the 2002 Coup Venezuelans protest President Hugo Chávez’s shake-up of PDVSA, the state oil company, on April 10, 2002. By Fernando Coronil URING LATIN AMERICA ’S POLITICAL “LEFT Ever since Venezuela became a major oil pro- turn” of the last decade, each progressive ducer in the 1920s, these struggles over oil have government in the region has followed shaped national politics at every level, defining D 1 its own distinctive historical trajectory. Com- the relation between citizens and nation, the mon to all, however, have been intense struggles formation of social classes, and the constitution Fernando Coronil is over the development and control of natural re- of the state as the country’s central political and Presidential Professor sources. This is not surprising in a part of the economic agent. Elsewhere I have argued that as of Anthropology at the Graduate Center, City world dominated by processes of capitalist accu- a result of these contests, the Venezuelan nation University of New mulation based on nature-intensive industries. has been imagined as consisting of “two bodies”: York. He is the author Despite regional governments’ attempts to di- its social body (citizens, people) and its natural of The Magical State: versify their economies, such industries as large- body (territory and natural resources, especially Nature, Money and scale agriculture, mining, and hydro carbons oil, which by law belongs to all Venezuelans).2 Modernity in Ven- TE ezuela (University of remain Latin America’s international compara- As a result of efforts to influence policy decisions Chicago Press, 1997), LY WHI LY tive advantage and main productive activity.