DOCSLIB.ORG

Viewed Someone with Normal Vision and Advanced Diabetic

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Viewed Someone with Normal Vision and Advanced Diabetic DEVELOPMENT AND COMMERCIALIZATION OF FUNCTIONAL, NON-INVASIVE RETINAL IMAGING DEVICE UTILIZING QUANTIFICATION OF FLAVOPROTEIN FLUORESCENCE FOR THE DIAGNOSIS AND MONITORING OF RETINAL DISEASE by ERICH HEISE Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Department of Biology CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY May 2016 We hereby approve the thesis/dissertation of Erich Heise candidate for the Master of Science degree*. Christopher Cullis, PhD (chair of the committee) Jessica Fox, PhD Leena Chakravarty, PhD Ryan Martin, PhD March 14, 2016 *We also certify that written approval has been obtained for any proprietary material contained therein. 2 Table of Contents Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 13 STEP Program – Entrepreneurial Biotechnology Track ................................................... 13 Cellular Energetics ......................................................................................................................... 14 Glycolysis ......................................................................................................................................................... 16 Citric Acid Cycle ............................................................................................................................................. 18 Oxidative Phosphorylation ....................................................................................................................... 20 Retinal Diseases .................................................................................................................... 21 Diabetes ............................................................................................................................................. 21 Gestational Diabetes .................................................................................................................................... 22 Ocular Manifestations of Diabetes ........................................................................................................ 23 Impact of Diabetes ....................................................................................................................................... 25 Glaucoma ........................................................................................................................................... 27 Impact of Glaucoma ..................................................................................................................................... 28 Age-Related Macular Degeneration ...................................................................................................... 28 Current Practice .............................................................................................................................. 30 Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) ............................................................................................... 31 Fundus Photography ................................................................................................................................... 32 Visual Acuity ................................................................................................................................................... 33 Flavoprotein and Its Fluorescence ................................................................................. 34 Flavoprotein (And Its Function) ................................................................................................ 35 Fluorescence Spectroscopy ......................................................................................................... 37 Flavoprotein Absorption and Fluorescence ...................................................................................... 38 Role of Flavoproteins in Cellular Respiration ...................................................................... 40 3 OcuSciences Inc. .................................................................................................................... 44 Flavoprotein Fluorescence and Retinal Diseases ................................................................ 44 Flavoprotein Fluorescence In Vitro ...................................................................................................... 44 Flavoprotein Fluorescence in Diabetes-Related Complications .............................................. 47 Flavoprotein Fluorescence in Glaucoma ............................................................................................ 51 Flavoprotein Fluorescence in Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration ............................... 51 Flavoprotein Fluorescence in Glaucoma ............................................................................................ 51 Flavoprotein Fluorescence in Age-Related Macular Degeneration ........................................ 53 Business Plan ......................................................................................................................... 56 Need .................................................................................................................................................... 57 Market Opportunity ...................................................................................................................... 60 FPF Testing ....................................................................................................................................... 62 OcuMet Beacon .............................................................................................................................................. 62 Dynamic ............................................................................................................................................................ 63 Quantification ................................................................................................................................................. 64 Test Time .......................................................................................................................................................... 64 Drawbacks ....................................................................................................................................................... 64 Marketing and Sales ...................................................................................................................... 65 Target Market ................................................................................................................................................. 65 Marketing and Sales Plan .......................................................................................................................... 69 Intellectual Property ..................................................................................................................... 72 Regulatory Requirements ........................................................................................................... 72 Capital Requirements ................................................................................................................... 73 Exit Strategy ..................................................................................................................................... 74 Risk Management Plan ................................................................................................................. 75 4 Bibliography ........................................................................................................................... 77 5 List of Tables Table 1. Mean average intensity and average curve width in diabetics and controls, by age .................................................................................................................................................. 51 Table 2. Selection of patients for glaucoma retinal metabolic analysis study .............. 52 6 List of Figures Figure 1. The reactants and products of cellular respiration .............................................. 15 Figure 2. The chemical reactions that constitute cellular respiration ............................. 15 Figure 3. The reactants and products of glycolysis .................................................................. 16 Figure 4. The enzyme-mediated reactions of glycolysis ........................................................ 17 Figure 5. The reactants and products of pyruvate decarboxylation ................................. 18 Figure 6. The reactants, enzymes, and products of the citric acid cycle ......................... 19 Figure 7. The overall equation for the citric acid cycle ........................................................... 19 Figure 8. The five main protein complexes involved in the electron transport chain ............................................................................................................................................................... 20 Figure 9. Same scene as viewed someone with normal vision and advanced diabetic retinopathy ...................................................................................................................................... 24 Figure 10. A fundus image displaying microaneurysms and microhemorrhaging associated with diabetic retinopathy ................................................................................... 25 Figure 11. The prevalence of diabetes worldwide ..................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Short-Term Changes in the Photopic Negative Response Following Intraocular Pressure Lowering in Glaucoma
    Glaucoma Short-Term Changes in the Photopic Negative Response Following Intraocular Pressure Lowering in Glaucoma Jessica Tang,1,2 Flora Hui,1 Xavier Hadoux,1 Bernardo Soares,3 Michael Jamieson,3 Peter van Wijngaarden,1–3 Michael Coote,1–3 and Jonathan G. Crowston1,2,4,5 1Glaucoma Research Unit, Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia 2Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia 3Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia 4Centre for Vision Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore 5Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore Correspondence: Jessica Tang, PURPOSE. To evaluate the short-term changes in inner retinal function using the photopic Glaucoma Research Unit, Centre for negative response (PhNR) after intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction in glaucoma. Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, METHODS. Forty-seven participants with glaucoma who were commencing a new or addi- Level 7, Peter Howson Wing, 32 tional IOP-lowering therapy (treatment group) and 39 participants with stable glau- Gisborne St, East Melbourne, VIC coma (control group) were recruited. IOP, visual field, retinal nerve fiber layer thick- 3002, Australia; ness, and electroretinograms (ERGs) were recorded at baseline and at a follow-up visit [email protected]. (3 ± 2 months). An optimized protocol developed for a portable ERG device was used Received: August 29, 2019 to record the PhNR. The PhNR saturated amplitude (Vmax), Vmax ratio, semi-saturation Accepted: June 16, 2020 constant (K), and slope of the Naka–Rushton function were analyzed. Published: August 7, 2020 RESULTS.
    [Show full text]
  • Laser Learning Lecture and Lab: YAG Caps, LPI, And
    5/9/17 Overview Laser Learning Lecture and Lab: • Why we use lasers YAG caps, LPI, and SLT • YAG capsulotomy • Laser Peripheral Iridotomy (LPI or PI) Aaron McNulty, O.D., F.A.A.O. • Argon Laser Peripheral Iridoplasty (ALPI) Nate Lighthizer, O.D., F.A.A.O. • Argon Laser Trabeculoplasty (ALT) • Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty (SLT) • Other Laser Trabeculoplasty Why do we use lasers? Posterior Capsular Opacification (PCO) • Vision is decreased from PCO following cataract surgery • Lens capsular bag has an anterior and • Narrow angles/angle closure posterior surface • Glaucoma is progressing in a pt on max meds – Anterior surface usually removed w/ capsulorhexis – Something else needs to be done – Surgery not wanted yet • PCO is the formation of a cloudy membrane • Compliance issues on the posterior surface of the capsular bag • Cost issues following ECCE • Convenience issues – AKA: Secondary cataract • Doctor preference PCO YAG Laser • Incidence: • Nd: YAG laser – Most common complication of post ECCE – Neodymium: Yttrium aluminum garnet laser – 10-80% of eyes following cataract surgery – Can form anywhere from a few days to years post surgery • Tissue interaction: Photodisruptive laser – Younger patients higher risk of PCO – High light energy levels cause the tissues to be reduced – IOL’s to plasma, disintegrating the tissue • Silicone > acrylic – A large amount of energy is delivered into very small focal spots in a very brief duration of time • Prevention: • 4 nsec – – Capsulotomy during surgery No thermal reaction/No coagulation when bv’s are hit – Posterior capsular polishing – Pigment independent* 1 5/9/17 YAG Cap Risks, Complications, YAG Cap Pre-op Exam Contraindications • Visual acuity, glare testing, PAM/Heine lambda Contraindications Risks/complications – Vision 20/30 or worse 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Laser Procedures for the Management of Glaucoma and More Handout
    4/25/17 Overview Laser Procedures for the Management • Why we use lasers of Glaucoma and More • YAG capsulotomy Nate Lighthizer, O.D., F.A.A.O. • Laser Peripheral Iridotomy (LPI or PI) Assistant Professor, NSUOCO • Argon Laser Peripheral Iridoplasty (ALPI) Assistant Dean, Clinical Care Services • Argon Laser Trabeculoplasty (ALT) Director of CE Chief of Specialty Care Clinics • Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty (SLT) Chief of Electrodiagnostics Clinic • Other Laser Trabeculoplasty [email protected] Why do we use lasers? Posterior Capsular Opacification (PCO) • Vision is decreased from PCO following cataract surgery • Lens capsular bag has an anterior and • Narrow angles/angle closure posterior surface • Glaucoma is progressing in a pt on max meds – Anterior surface usually removed w/ capsulorhexis – Something else needs to be done – Surgery not wanted yet • PCO is the formation of a cloudy membrane • Compliance issues on the posterior surface of the capsular bag • Cost issues following ECCE • Convenience issues – AKA: Secondary cataract • Doctor preference PCO YAG Laser • Incidence: • Nd: YAG laser – Most common complication of post ECCE – Neodymium: Yttrium aluminum garnet laser – 10-80% of eyes following cataract surgery – Can form anywhere from a few days to years post surgery • Tissue interaction: Photodisruptive laser – Younger patients higher risk of PCO – High light energy levels cause the tissues to be reduced – IOL’s to plasma, disintegrating the tissue • Silicone > acrylic – A large amount of energy is delivered into very small focal spots in a very brief duration of time • Prevention: • 4 nsec – – Capsulotomy during surgery No thermal reaction/No coagulation when bv’s are hit – Posterior capsular polishing – Pigment independent* 1 4/25/17 YAG Cap Risks, Complications, YAG Cap Pre-op Exam Contraindications • Visual acuity, glare testing, PAM/Heine lambda Contraindications Risks/complications – Vision 20/30 or worse 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Bjophthalmol-2020-318090 1..2
    At a glance Br J Ophthalmol: first published as 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-318090 on 26 October 2020. Downloaded from Highlights from this issue doi:10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-318090 Keith Barton , James Chodosh , Jost B Jonas , Editors in chief Glaucoma in the Northern Ireland Cohort The effect of partial posterior vitreous Comparison of OCT angiography in for the Longitudinal Study of Ageing detachment on spectral-domain optical children with a history of intravitreal (NICOLA): cohort profile, prevalence, coherence tomography retinal nerve fibre injection of ranibizumab vs laser awareness and associations (seepage1492) layer thickness measurements photocoagulation for retinopathy of The crude prevalence of glaucoma in (seepage1524) prematurity (see page 1556) Northern Ireland of 2.83% (95% CI Among glaucoma suspects, eyes with par- In this cross-sectional study, we found that 2.31%, 3.46%) is comparable to other tial posterior vitreous detachments, com- the central foveal vessel length density and European population-based studies. pared to eyes without, were associated perfusion density, the foveal avascular Approximately two thirds of people with with greater average, superior, and inferior zone area and central foveal thicknesses glaucoma were undiagnosed. Associations retinal nerve fibre layer thickness of children who had undergone different with glaucoma were consistent with cur- measurements. treatments, might vary. rent understanding of the disease. Three-year follow-up of choroidal Comparison of central visual sensitivity Selective
    [Show full text]
  • A Review of Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty: Recent Findings and Current Perspectives
    Ophthalmol Ther DOI 10.1007/s40123-017-0082-x REVIEW A Review of Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty: Recent Findings and Current Perspectives Yujia Zhou . Ahmad A. Aref Received: January 17, 2017 Ó The Author(s) 2017. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com ABSTRACT explored, revealing that minor modifications may lead to a more favorable or safer clinical Selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) has been outcome. The utilization of postoperative widely used in the clinical management of medications remains controversial based on the glaucoma, both as primary and adjunctive current evidence. A short-term IOP increase treatment. As new evidence continues to arise, may complicate SLT and can also persist in we review the current literature in terms of certain cases such as in exfoliation glaucoma. indications and efficacy, surgical technique, The efficacy and safety of repeat SLT are shown postoperative care, repeatability, and compli- in multiple studies, and the timing of repeat cations of this therapy. SLT has been shown to procedures may affect the success rate. be effective in various glaucomas, including primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), nor- mal-tension glaucoma (NTG), steroid-induced Keywords: Glaucoma; Intraocular pressure; glaucoma, pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXFG), Laser; Selective laser trabeculoplasty and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG), as well as other glaucoma subtypes. Relatively high preoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) INTRODUCTION may predict surgical success, while other parameters that have been studied do not seem Intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction is the to affect the outcome. Different techniques for mainstay of therapy for glaucomatous optic performing the procedure have recently been neuropathy. Selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) has been widely employed for this pur- Enhanced content To view enhanced content for this pose over the past several years as both a pri- article go to http://www.medengine.com/Redeem/ mary and adjunctive treatment [1].
    [Show full text]
  • Laser Trabeculoplasty for Open-Angle Glaucoma a Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology
    Laser Trabeculoplasty for Open-Angle Glaucoma A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology John R. Samples, MD,1 Kuldev Singh, MD, MPH,2 Shan C. Lin, MD,3 Brian A. Francis, MD,4 Elizabeth Hodapp, MD,5 Henry D. Jampel, MD, MHS,6 Scott D. Smith, MD, MPH7 Objective: To provide an evidence-based summary of the outcomes, repeatability, and safety of laser trabeculoplasty for open-angle glaucoma. Methods: A search of the peer-reviewed literature in the PubMed and the Cochrane Library databases was conducted in June 2008 and was last repeated in March 2010 with no date or language restrictions. The search yielded 637 unique citations, of which 145 were considered to be of possible clinical relevance for further review and were included in the evidence analysis. Results: Level I evidence indicates an acceptable long-term efficacy of initial argon laser trabeculoplasty for open-angle glaucoma compared with initial medical treatment. Among the remaining studies, level II evidence supports the efficacy of selective laser trabeculoplasty for lowering intraocular pressure for patients with open-angle glaucoma. Level III evidence supports the efficacy of repeat use of laser trabeculoplasty. Conclusions: Laser trabeculoplasty is successful in lowering intraocular pressure for patients with open- angle glaucoma. At this time, there is no literature establishing the superiority of any particular form of laser trabeculoplasty. The theories of action of laser trabeculoplasty are not elucidated fully. Further research into the differences among the lasers used in trabeculoplasty, the repeatability of the procedure, and techniques of treatment is necessary. Financial Disclosure(s): Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found after the references.
    [Show full text]
  • Objective Assessment of Retinal Ganglion Cell Function in Glaucoma
    Objective Assessment of Retinal Ganglion Cell Function in Glaucoma Submitted by Nabin R. Joshi DISSERTATION In partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy SUNY College of Optometry (September 25th, 2017) 1 Abstract Background Glaucoma refers to a group of diseases causing progressive degeneration of the retinal ganglion cells. It is a clinical diagnosis based on the evidence of structural damage of the optic nerve head with corresponding visual field loss. Structural damage is assessed by visualization of the optic nerve head (ONH) through various imaging and observational techniques, while the behavioral loss of sensitivity is assessed with an automated perimeter. However, given the subjective nature of visual field assessment in patients, visual function examination suffers from high variability as well as patient and operator- related biases. To overcome these drawbacks, past research has focused on the use of objective methods of quantifying retinal function in patients with glaucoma such as electroretinograms, visually evoked potentials, pupillometry etc. Electroretinograms are objective, non-invasive method of assessing retinal function, and careful manipulation of the visual input or stimulus can result in extraction of signals particular to select classes of the retinal cells, and photopic negative response (PhNR) is a component of ERG that reflects primarily the retinal ganglion cell function. On the other hand, pupillary response to light, measured objectively with a pupillometer, also indicates the functional state of the retina and the pupillary pathway. Hence, the study of both ERGs and pupillary response to light provide an objective avenue of research towards understanding the mechanisms of neurodegeneration in glaucoma, possibly affecting the clinical care of the patients in the long run.
    [Show full text]
  • Glaucoma Comanagement: Surgical
    6/27/2017 Virginia Eye Consultants Tertiary Referral Eye Care Since 1963 • John D. Sheppard, MD, MMSc • Walter O. Whitley, OD, MBA, FAAO Innovations in Glaucoma • Stephen V. Scoper, MD • Mark Enochs, OD • David Salib, MD • Cecelia Koetting, OD, FAAO COPE#52116-GL • Elizabeth Yeu, MD • Christopher Kuc, OD • Thomas J. Joly, MD, PhD • Leanna Olennikov, OD • Dayna M. Lago, MD • Jillian Janes, OD • Constance Okeke, MD, MSCE Walter O. Whitley, OD, MBA, FAAO • Esther Chang, MD Director of Optometric Services • Jay Starling, MD Virginia Eye Consultants • Samantha Dewundara, MD Residency Program Supervisor • Surajit Saha, MD Pennsylvania College of Optometry Disclosures Walter O. Whitley, OD, MBA, FAAO has received consulting fees, honorarium or research funding from: • Alcon • Diopsys • Allergan • Ocusoft • Bausch and Lomb • Science Based Health • Biotissue • Shire • Beaver-Visitec • TearLab Corporation • Publications – Advanced Ocular Care – Co-Chief Medical Editor – Review of Optometry – Contributing Editor – Optometry Times – Editorial Advisory Board The Most Valuable Glaucoma Tool Glaucoma: Diagnosis • We know it when we see it IOP: 26 OU 1 6/27/2017 Glaucoma Diagnosis Glaucoma Diagnosis • Gonioscopy • Central corneal thickness • Visual fields • Fundus photography • Scanning lasers • Serial tonometry • Electrodiagnositics – VEP / PERG GLAUCOMA SEVERITY SCALE Managing Glaucoma Patients DEFINITIONS • Mild Stage: optic nerve changes consistent with glaucoma but • Monitor IOP reduction: 1-2 week, 1 month NO visual field abnormalities on any visual field test OR abnormalities present only on short-wavelength automated • Check IOP every 3-4 months perimetry or frequency doubling perimetry. • Repeat VF every 6-12 months • Moderate Stage: optic nerve changes consistent with • Disc photos every 1-2 years glaucoma AND glaucomatous visual field abnormalities in one hemifield and not within 5 degrees of fixation.
    [Show full text]
  • Refractive Management/Intervention 2017-2019
    Academy MOC Essentials® Practicing Ophthalmologists Curriculum 2017–2019 Refractive Management/Intervention *** Refractive Management/Intervention 2 © AAO 2017-2019 Practicing Ophthalmologists Curriculum Disclaimer and Limitation of Liability As a service to its members and American Board of Ophthalmology (ABO) diplomates, the American Academy of Ophthalmology has developed the Practicing Ophthalmologists Curriculum (POC) as a tool for members to prepare for the Maintenance of Certification (MOC) -related examinations. The Academy provides this material for educational purposes only. The POC should not be deemed inclusive of all proper methods of care or exclusive of other methods of care reasonably directed at obtaining the best results. The physician must make the ultimate judgment about the propriety of the care of a particular patient in light of all the circumstances presented by that patient. The Academy specifically disclaims any and all liability for injury or other damages of any kind, from negligence or otherwise, for any and all claims that may arise out of the use of any information contained herein. References to certain drugs, instruments, and other products in the POC are made for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to constitute an endorsement of such. Such material may include information on applications that are not considered community standard, that reflect indications not included in approved FDA labeling, or that are approved for use only in restricted research settings. The FDA has stated that it is the responsibility of the physician to determine the FDA status of each drug or device he or she wishes to use, and to use them with appropriate patient consent in compliance with applicable law.
    [Show full text]
  • Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty (SLT): 1-Year Results in Early and Advanced Open Angle Glaucoma
    Int Ophthalmol (2016) 36:55–61 DOI 10.1007/s10792-015-0079-1 ORIGINAL PAPER Selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT): 1-year results in early and advanced open angle glaucoma Torsten Schlote . Myron Kynigopoulos Received: 7 September 2014 / Accepted: 27 April 2015 / Published online: 6 May 2015 Ó Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2015 Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine (59.09 % of 44 eyes) and IOP reduction\18 mmHg/[ the efficacy of selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) in 30 % of the baseline IOP in 22 eyes (50 % of 44 eyes). eyes with early and more advanced stages of open SLT was safe and effective in nearly 2/3 of early angle glaucoma within 1 year of follow-up. Retro- glaucoma patients and also in 50 % of advanced spective chart review in a consecutive series of patients glaucoma patients using stronger criteria of success. treated by SLT to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) or Failure of SLT in advanced glaucoma should lead to decrease number of topical medications in cases of immediate filtrating surgery, which seems not to be discomfort and allergy. The cup-to-disc ratio of the associated with higher risk of fibrosis. optic nerve and the GSS 2 (glaucoma staging system 2) was used to differentiate between early (group 1) and Keywords Selective laser trabeculoplasty Á more advanced (group 2) stages of glaucoma. At the Trabeculoplasty Á Glaucoma Á Intraocular pressure time of SLT treatment, no new signs of glaucoma progression were seen. Only the first treated eye of every patient was included in the analysis. In group 1 Introduction (early glaucoma), 27 eyes were included.
    [Show full text]
  • Safety Assessment of Ubiquinone Ingredients As Used in Cosmetics
    Safety Assessment of Ubiquinone Ingredients as Used in Cosmetics Status: Draft Tentative Report for Panel Review Release Date: August 20, 2021 Panel Meeting Date: September 13-14, 2021 The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety members are: Chair, Wilma F. Bergfeld, M.D., F.A.C.P.; Donald V. Belsito, M.D.; David E. Cohen, M.D.; Curtis D. Klaassen, Ph.D.; Daniel C. Liebler, Ph.D.; Lisa A. Peterson, Ph.D.; Ronald C. Shank, Ph.D.; Thomas J. Slaga, Ph.D.; and Paul W. Snyder, D.V.M., Ph.D. Previous Panel member involved in this assessment: James G. Marks, Jr., M.D. The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Executive Director is Bart Heldreth, Ph.D. This safety assessment was prepared by Preethi S. Raj, M.Sc., Senior Scientific Analyst/Writer, CIR. © Cosmetic Ingredient Review 1620 L Street, NW, Suite 1200 ♢ Washington, DC 20036-4702 ♢ ph 202.331.0651 ♢ fax 202.331.0088 ♢ [email protected] Distributed for Comment Only -- Do Not Cite or Quote Commitment & Credibility since 1976 Memorandum To: Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Members and Liaisons From: Preethi S. Raj, M.Sc. Senior Scientific AnWriter CIR Date: August 20, 2021 Subject: Safety Assessment of Ubiquinone Ingredients as Used in Cosmetics Enclosed is the Draft Tentative Report of the Safety Assessment of Ubiquinone Ingredients as Used in Cosmetics (identified as ubiqui092021rep in the pdf). This is the second time the Panel is seeing a safety assessment of these 4 cosmetic ingredients. At the September 2020 meeting, the Panel issued an Insufficient Data Announcement (IDA), and the following data needs were identified: • Method of manufacture for Hydroxydecyl Ubiquinone and Ubiquinol • Concentration of use data for Hydroxydecyl Ubiquinone and Ubiquinol A memo stating no reported concentrations of use for Ubiquinol was received (ubiqui092021data).
    [Show full text]
  • Ubiquinol Is Superior to Ubiquinone to Enhance Coenzyme Q10 Status in Older Men
    Food & Function Ubiquinol is superior to ubiquinone to enhance Coenzyme Q10 status in older men Journal: Food & Function Manuscript ID FO-ART-05-2018-000971.R1 Article Type: Paper Date Submitted by the Author: 08-Sep-2018 Complete List of Authors: Zhang, Ying; Northeast Forestry University, Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education Liu, Jin; Systems Engineering Research Institute Chen, Xiaoqiang; Northeast Forestry University, Chen, C-Y.Oliver; Tufts University Page 1 of 12 PleaseFood do not & Functionadjust margins Food & Function ARTICLE Ubiquinol is superior to ubiquinone to enhance Coenzyme Q10 status in older men Received 00th January 20xx, a,b b,c a,b b Accepted 00th January 20xx Ying Zhang , Jin Liu , Xiao-qiang Chen and C-Y. Oliver Chen * DOI: 10.1039/x0xx00000x Abstract Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) exerts its functions in the body through the ability of its benzoquinone head group to www.rsc.org/ accept and donate electrons. The primary functions are to relay electrons for the ATP production in the electron transport chain and to act as an important lipophilic antioxidant. Ubiquinone, the oxidized form of CoQ10, is commonly formulated in commercial supplements, and it must be reduced to ubiquinol to exert CoQ10’s functions after consumption. Thus, we aimed to examine whether as compared to ubiquinone, ubiquinol would be more effective to enhance CoQ10 status in older men. We conducted a double-blind, randomized, crossover trial with two 2-week intervention phases and a 2-week washout between crossover. Ten eligible older men were randomized to consume with one of the main meals either ubiquinol or ubiquinone supplement at the dose of 200 mg/d.
    [Show full text]