Emotion Autonomic Arousal

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PSYC 100 Emotions 2/23/2005 Emotion ■ Emotions reflect a “stirred up’ state ■ Emotions have valence: positive or negative ■ Emotions are thought to have 3 components: ß Physiological arousal ß Subjective experience ß Behavioral expression Autonomic Arousal ■ Increased heart rate ■ Rapid breathing ■ Dilated pupils ■ Sweating ■ Decreased salivation ■ Galvanic Skin Response 2/23/2005 1 Theories of Emotion James-Lange ■ Each emotion has an autonomic signature 2/23/2005 Assessment of James-Lange Theory of Emotion ■ Cannon’s arguments against the theory: ß Visceral response are slower than emotions ß The same visceral responses are associated with many emotions (Î heart rate with anger and joy). ■ Subsequent research provides support: ß Different emotions are associated with different patterns of visceral activity ß Accidental transection of the spinal cord greatly diminishes emotional reactivity (prevents visceral signals from reaching brain) 2 Cannon-Bard Criticisms ■ Arousal without emotion (exercise) 2/23/2005 Facial Feedback Model ■ Similar to James-Lange, but not autonomic signature; facial signature associated with each emotion. 2/23/2005 Facial Expression of Emotion ■ There is an evolutionary link between the experience of emotion and facial expression of emotion: ß Facial expressions serve to inform others of our emotional state ■ Different facial expressions are associated with different emotions ß Ekman’s research ■ Facial expression can alter emotional experience ß Engaging in different facial expressions can alter heart rate and skin temperature 3 Emotions and Darwin ■ Adaptive value ■ Facial expression in infants ■ Facial expression x-cultures ■ Understanding of expressions x-cultures 2/23/2005 Facial Expressions of Emotion ■ Right cortex—left side of face 2/23/2005 Emotions and Learning ■ But experience matters: research with isolated monkeys 2/23/2005 4 Culture and Display Rules ■ Public vs. private display of emotions Western vs. Asian cultures 2/23/2005 Cognitive Perspectives on Emotion ■ Plato: “reason must rein in the passions” ■ Schachter and Singer (1962): cognitive judgements are a critical part of emotional experience: ß Subjects are aroused by an injection of adrenaline and then exposed to anger or happiness cues ß The emotional cues played a prominent role in emotional experience Schachter-Singer Experiment ■ Effects of vitamin on visual acuity ■ Confederate ■ Epinephrine ■ 4 conditions: epinephrine-informed epinephrine-misinformed epinephrine-ignorant placebo-ignorant 2/23/2005 5 Schachter-Singer Theory of Emotion Dutton & Aron (1974) ■ In a large park ■ Two types of bridges (i. v.) ■ How many called interviewer? (d. v.) 2/23/2005 6.

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Effect of Emotional Arousal 1 Running Head
Effect of Emotional Arousal 1 Running Head: THE EFFECT OF EMOTIONAL AROUSAL ON RECALL The Effect of Emotional Arousal and Valence on Memory Recall 500181765 Bangor University Group 14, Thursday Afternoon Effect of Emotional Arousal 2 Abstract This study examined the effect of emotion on memory when recalling positive, negative and neutral events. Four hundred and fourteen participants aged over 18 years were asked to read stories that differed in emotional arousal and valence, and then performed a spatial distraction task before they were asked to recall the details of the stories. Afterwards, participants rated the stories on how emotional they found them, from ‘Very Negative’ to ‘Very Positive’. It was found that the emotional stories were remembered significantly better than the neutral story; however there was no significant difference in recall when a negative mood was induced versus a positive mood. Therefore this research suggests that emotional valence does not affect recall but emotional arousal affects recall to a large extent. Effect of Emotional Arousal 3 Emotional arousal has often been found to influence an individual’s recall of past events. It has been documented that highly emotional autobiographical memories tend to be remembered in better detail than neutral events in a person’s life. Structures involved in memory and emotions, the hippocampus and amygdala respectively, are joined in the limbic system within the brain. Therefore, it would seem true that emotions and memory are linked. Many studies have investigated this topic, finding that emotional arousal increases recall. For instance, Kensinger and Corkin (2003) found that individuals remember emotionally arousing words (such as swear words) more than they remember neutral words.
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DISGUST: Features and SAWCHUK and Clinical Implications
Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, Vol. 24, No. 7, 2005, pp. 932-962 OLATUNJIDISGUST: Features AND SAWCHUK and Clinical Implications DISGUST: CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES, SOCIAL MANIFESTATIONS, AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS BUNMI O. OLATUNJI University of Massachusetts CRAIG N. SAWCHUK University of Washington School of Medicine Emotions have been a long–standing cornerstone of research in social and clinical psychology. Although the systematic examination of emotional processes has yielded a rather comprehensive theoretical and scientific literature, dramatically less empirical attention has been devoted to disgust. In the present article, the na- ture, experience, and other associated features of disgust are outlined. We also re- view the domains of disgust and highlight how these domains have expanded over time. The function of disgust in various social constructions, such as cigarette smoking, vegetarianism, and homophobia, is highlighted. Disgust is also becoming increasingly recognized as an influential emotion in the onset, maintenance, and treatment of various phobic states, Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder, and eating disorders. In comparison to the other emotions, disgust offers great promise for fu- ture social and clinical research efforts, and prospective studies designed to improve our understanding of disgust are outlined. The nature, structure, and function of emotions have a rich tradition in the social and clinical psychology literature (Cacioppo & Gardner, 1999). Although emotion theorists have contested over the number of discrete emotional states and their operational definitions (Plutchik, 2001), most agree that emotions are highly influential in organizing thought processes and behavioral tendencies (Izard, 1993; John- Preparation of this manuscript was supported in part by NIMH NRSA grant 1F31MH067519–1A1 awarded to Bunmi O.
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About Emotions There Are 8 Primary Emotions. You Are Born with These
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Deconstructing Arousal Into Wakeful, Autonomic and Affective Varieties
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How Multidimensional Is Emotional Intelligence? Bifactor Modeling of Global and Broad Emotional Abilities of the Geneva Emotional Competence Test
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9.18.19 Didactic
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Emotion Classification Based on Brain Wave: a Survey
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Somatic Markers, Working Memory, and Decision Making
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