sign in sign up
<<
Home , Edward Villella, Lithuanian Americans

February 13, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3017 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS GEN. THADDEUS KOSCIUSZKO DAY became a man and was plunged into the farmer becomes increasingly · removed great political issues of his days, whereas from our everyday lives, the inevitable young Thaddeus Kosciuszko even as an result has been that the ·farmer is too HON. JOHN J. ROONEY adolescent boy possessed a keen discern­ often misunderstood, or worse yet, sim­ OP ment of right and wrong plus an un­ ply ignored. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES swerving determination to do something In January, I had the privilege of Wednesday, February 13, 1974 about the wrongs he encountered. Thus, meeting with a dynamic group of young Mr. ROONEY of New York. Mr. it was that before he came of age he farmers in south and was Speaker, it is indeed fitting that as we was thrust into the leadership of his handed a copy of an article which · I fellow countrymen who were fighting to think reveals something about the com­ all paid tribute this past Tuesday, Febru­ prevent the dismemberment of his be­ ary 12, to Abraham Lincoln we include plexity and humbleness of the great a similar homage to the equally beloved loved Poland by Russia, Prussia, and farming profession. So that we will not and illust1ious patriot Gen. Thaddeus Austria. For his zeal and fearless efforts take the farmers for granted, I am in­ Kosciuszko. Both these true heroes he was exiled from his native land by serting the text of the article in the served America with distinction in its the Czarist regime which exercised cruel RECORD: hours of greatest need. Both were of high dominion over his homeland. THIS Is A FARMER. courage and po.ssessed deep moral con­ It is small wonder that Kosciuszko (Author Unknown) victions; both were dedicated to the task with his passion for freedom so great, Farmers are found in fields plowing up, of serving their fellow men without res­ found it easy to adopt the cause of the seeding down, returning from, planting to, ervation as to race, creed, or national American patriots as his own; easy for fertilizing with, spraying for and harvesting origin. him to take a ship for America and off er if. Wives help them, little boys follow them, his services to Gen. George Washington the Agriculture Department confuses them, President Lincoln sought in vain to city relatives visit them, salesmen detain prevent the sundering of our Nation over and the Continental Congress who ac­ them, meals wait for them, weather delays the question of slavery; then devoted cepted him with alacrity. No single officer them, but it takes Heaven to stop them. himself to the task of binding up the and no American-born citizen contrib­ When your car stalls along the way, a Nation's wounds after tragic years of uted more to the successful winning of farmer is a considerate, courteous, inexpen­ brothers fighting against brothers. Gen­ our war of independence than did this sive road service. When a farmer's wife sug­ eral Kosciuszko fought valiantly to help skillful and dedicated Polish officer. His gests he buy a new suit, he can quote from American patriots to free themselves engineering accomplishments were both memory every expense involved in operating from the yoke of British rule and to es­ timely and lasting. He shared the dis­ the farm last year, plus the added expense tablish themselves as a free and inde­ appointments and the bitter hardships he is certain will crop up next year. Or else he that befell the undisciplined, ill-fed, and assumes the role of the indignant shopper, pendent nation. impressing upon everyone within earshot So it is that on the birthday of these ill-clothed Continental Army. So dear the pounds of pork he must produce in or­ great men we cannot honor one without were his passions for freedom and so ef­ der to pay for a suit at today's prices. honoring the other. Lincoln gained the fective were his efforts to gain America's A farmer is a paradox-he is an "overalled" name of the "Great Emancipator." independence, Thomas Jefferson referred executive with his home his office; a scientist Kosciuszko justly deserves the name of to him as "the purest son of liberty I using fertilizer attachments; a purchasing "Great Liberator," for the role he played have ever known." agent in an old straw hat; a personnel direc­ in aiding Gen. George Washington and Mr. Speaker, in much the same manner tor with grease under his :finger nails; a the Continental Army in defeating the in which the Congress on October 13, dietitian with a passion for alfalfa, animals 1783, showed General Kosciuszko its own and antibiotics; a production expert faced vastly superior forces of the British with a surplus; and a manager battling a crown. and the Nation's appreciation of his price-cost squeeze. He manages more capital We honored Abraham Lincoln last magnificent service by awarding him full than most of the businessmen in town. Tuesday for his deep compassion for the American citizenship, a land grant, and He likes sunshine, good food, state fairs, enslaved black man and for his constant promotion to the rank of brigadier gen­ dinner at noon, auctions, his neighbors, Sat­ efforts to liberate all those in bondage. eral, I feel all of us in this body should urday nights in town, his shirt collar unbut­ We honor General Kosciuszko for his show once again this Nation's gratitude toned, and above all a good soaking rain great humanitarian act of requesting by expressing anew our personal appre­ in August. Thomas Jefferson to dispose of his Amer­ ciation of this revered patriot and friend. He is not much for droughts, ditches, west ican possessions to buy the freedom of He is truly worthy of the type of honor Georgia tollroads, experts, weeds, the eight­ slaves and to provide them with educa­ with which we acclaim our beloved hour day, helping with the housework, or tion and adequate training to become Abraham Lincoln on this the birthday of grasshoppers. good neighbors, good fathers and moth­ both. In these dark days when we en­ Nobody else can remove all those things counter so many distressing examples from his pocket and on washday still have ers, and good husbands and wives in overlooked: :five "steeples," one cotter key, order that they might become defenders of greedy and self-serving public serv­ a rusty spike, three grains of corn, the stub of their own freedom and the freedom ants, it is indeed refreshing to all of us end of a lead pencil, a square tape, a $4.98 of their country. to recall the selfiess and dedicated serv­ pocket watch, and a cupful of chaff in each Whereas Lincoln was born in a log ice which these two great heroes per­ trouser cuff. cabin desperately poor and with little f armed in our behalf-services performed A farmer is both Faith and Fatalist-he opportunity for formal education, Ko­ without thought of monetary gain or must have faith to continually meet the sciuszko was born of reasonably well-to­ rewards, but wholly motivated by love of challenges of his capacities amid an ever­ do parents and access to the best in country and the preservation of the joy­ present possibility that an act of God (a formal education and military training. ous freedom of mankind from tyranny late spring, an early frost, tornado, flood, Neither was deterred either by poverty and oppression. drought) can bring his business to a stand­ stm. You can reduce his allotments but you or by affiuence from developing in child­ can't restrain his ambition. hood the highest in moral values and a THIS IS A FARMER Might as well put up with him-he is your dedication to service to mankind. Both friend, your competitor, your customer, your had deep loyalties to their own commit­ source of food and fiber, and self-reliant ments and great allegiance to their fel­ HON. DAWSON MATHIS young citizens to help replenish your cities. low citizens, yet both recognized the OF GEORGIA He is your countryman-a denim dressed, shortcomings of their governments and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES business-wise fast-growing statesman of dedicated themselves to the elimination Thursday, February 7, 1974 stature. of these defeats. And when he comes in at noon having Abraham Lincoln's fervor for freedom Mr. MATHIS of Georgia. Mr. spent the energy of his hopes and dreams, and the liberation of his fellow Ameri­ Speaker, as our society becomes increas­ he can be recharged a.new with the magic cans really was not manifested until he ingly urbanized and the American words: "The Market's Up." 3018 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 13, 19-7-4 WOMEN OP ACHIEVEMENT ever. before that election are 9 years of Californian, Mun·ay Chotiner, due to achievement which include membership complications after an automobile acci­ in and leadership of a litany of varied dent. HON. WILUAM F. WALSH educational organizations. Although Murray and I were mostly O• NEW YOut In the '\rea of community service, the on opposite sides of many campaigns, I IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES award goes to Mrs. Lester Cohen, be­ came to know him personally and found Wedne&datf, Febrnart1 13, 1914 cause of her numerous contributions of him to be one of the most brllliant po­ time and energy and talent to a variety litical analysts I have ever met. Mr. WALSH. Mr. Speaker, every year of community service groups. My deepest sympathy to Mr. Choti­ the Syracuse Post-Sta.ndard newspaper Tireless dedication to the needs of the ner's family. selects 10 annual and 2 autime Women elderly is the reason for Mrs. Grace of Achievement. Egelston's reception of the Woman of These women represent excellence in Achievement Award in the volunteer LENA MACHADO. HAWAII'S their field of endeavor and they win the leadership category. Mrs. Egelston, for SONGBIRD. PASSES AWAY awards, because of their extraordinary the past 3 years, has been presiCALIFORNIA career when she sang with the Royal H11.wai­ Constance Timberlake's latest achieve­ .IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ment in the field of education has been ian Band on "Boat D~y" at the piers of Hono­ Wednesday. February 6. 1974 lulu Harbor, greeting each ship arrival with her election to the Syracuse Board of "Aloha" and each departure with .. Aloha Oe." Education with Republican, Democratic, Mr. REES. Mr. Speaker, I was sad­ She was born Oct. 16, 1903, in Pauoa Valley, and Liberal Party endorsement1. How- dened to hear of the death of my fell ow lion olul u. Fe1J?"Ua'ry 13, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3019 A full-blt>oded HawaUan, her father was Samuel Kaiwi Sr., himself a. widower, at Musicians Union of Honolulu, local 6'11; a noted slnger and. musicie.n, Robert Waia.le­ Koloa, Kauai, in 1959. ASC-\P~ an association of songwriters; Hale ale. In th'e H-awaiian style of the d~ l.Jena Lena continued to be heard at occasional O Na Alli and Hui Aloha Club. was ,given '8.Way 'by her mother, Louise, and private parties where She was asked to sing, Funeral services for MTS. Kaiwi wiU be raised by M11.Ty Davis Pan, a Hawaiian. friend and in 1962 she made a tour of the Far East held from a to 9 p.m. Friday 'B.t Borthwick m arrled. to a Chinese. with the Sol Bright Hawaiian Troupe. Mortuary. Rosary will be sald at "1:30 p.m. Lena grew up in the Loo Pan home, 'at• She recorded the album of her own songs Friends may call again from 1l to 9:45 tended school at Kauluwela and Sacred. Heart in 1963 before moving to Kauai. e..m. Saturday at the mortuary. The funeral and O.itl her 'first singing as a member ot a procession Will reave Borthwick for the G irl Scout troupe. Cathedral of Our Lady of Peace, where a. A lel seller who greeted every ship s.rriva.1, "HAWAII'S SONGBIRD," LENA MACHADO, Dms Requiem Mass will be said at 10 a.m., fol­ Lena was "discovered" in a romantic man­ AT70 lowed by interment at the Makikl Cemetery. ner-while sitting up in a mango troo on Lena Machado K11.iwi, the Island 'SopranG She is survivere than a dozen Mainland by 11)58 tours, this one with the Aldrich Hawaiian Perhaps she gained her legendary status the Military Pay Acts of and Troupe. in the tnf&neJ of her career when she per­ 1963. It was in 1935 that Lena was fired by Frank formed with the .Royal Hawaiian Band dur­ Prior to 1'958, military retirement pay J. Vierra for insubordination. The band ap­ ing the "Boat Day" hoopla on the docks at was based upon years of service and rank peared too 'Slllall for the two of them. Honolulu Hubor. As passenger vessels at the time of retirement, and was Te­ Then 'May.or Fred Wright used her name left and arrived in Honolulu. she would computed every time that active duty in a court test over the legality 'Of a salary perform ••Aloha Oe:• pay was increased. This law had been in hike. Worry -about this brought on a. nervous , She ofte11 performed with the trusty breakdown for Lena. ttkulele. It's .sa'td. she never took a profes­ effect for over 100 years. She compe>sed many Hawaiian songs, start­ sional lesson-that her performances came In 1958. this was changed. Military re­ ing with t'he early H-o<>ipu Hula, Radlo Hula naturally. tirees• retirement p-ay did not increase in and Aloha Nuuanu, and increasing ln popu­ Her career llad many peaks: the same proportion as the pay received larity With Mai LohUohi Mai Oe, Hoonanea, She performed far tho famed .Madame by members of the armed services on and Kamaianl o Keaukaha. Galli Curci. opera .star. active duty. The Congress gave sub­ She made her first trip to California for .In 1934, sb.e sang bef01·e President Frank­ stantial pay raises to the Active Forces 'in recording purposes in 1935. lin D. Roosevelt. Her return on the Lurline in February 1941, In 1939, she performed at San Francisco order ·to get them somewhere near to' '8.S someWhat triumphant and there were World's Fair :at 'Trea"'Ul'e Island. parity with the civil service and civiUan many damp eyes when. she stood at the shlp''s When "Bird of Paradise•• was filmed ln economy, but gave the retired personnel ramng and sang for the hundreds -ou the Honolulu in the 19508. .Mrs. Machado was only a 6-percent increase even though docks belc.w. In a few days she was featured among the Islanders appearing in the film the law guverning recomputation was in a big benefit show at the Civic Auditorium stru:ring Debra Paget and Louis Jordan. still in effect. in. h~r local professional comeback. In recent yea.TS, Mrs. Kalwl's health bad Ill 1963. the Congress wiped 6Ut the At the urging of Mayor Lester Petrie, Lena been unstable. In 1965, she and her bus.. law and instead retunied to the Royal Hfl.Wfl.Uan Bancl in May band, Samuel Kaiwi, were involved in an auttt recomputation

I refusing recognition of. the forcefully im­ its use will not pollute the environment. popular desire to use non-polluting, non­ posed and illegal annexation of territory. As a result it holds great potential for depleting resources, and a pressing need to uncover additional sources of energy, a com­ As Brezhnev and top Soviet Commu.. helping to meet our present energy short.. mercial market for a system using solar en­ nist leaders pay visits to this country and ag':ls. While many believe that solar ergy to supplement other energy used in high level Americans reciprocate with technology is still in a theoretical stage, buildings will develop only if many other visits to the Soviet Union, I hope and it is quite evident that many small re .. considerations are favorable. The following earnestly pray that the sad plight of search groups have already made pio­ essential ingredients seem attainable: Lithuania and her sister Baltic nations, neering advances in spite of a lack of An initial investment which adds no more Estonia and Latvia, will never be forgot­ significant Federal funding. The Univer­ than 10 % to that for a conventional single ten and constantly given a high priority sity of Delaware's Institute for Energy family residence, and which, spread out over the useful lifetime of the solar equipment for discussions at these conferences. I Conversion is one such group that has and compared with installation and operat­ am sure that most of my colleagues and made great strides in making solar en.. ing cost for use of conventional energy, will most AmeriCans feel as I do· that the fu­ ergy a practical supplement to existing allow recovery of the extra investment and ture of Lithuania, Estonia and Latvia is forms of energy conversion. The insti­ possibly even a savings. (All related costs, of equal importance to that of Cuba, of tute, under the able direction of Dr. such as interest, amortization, maint enance, the Middle East, of oil and of wheat. Karl Boer, has built Solar 1 as a special insurance, taxes, etc., must be considered.) For far too many years we have de­ laboratory to test and apply the fruits of A system that ls reliable and which follows nounced but we have not pronounced changes in thermostat sett ings or actuation solar research. Programs like these hold of switches just as well as conventional any positive action on our part with re­ the key to providing solar technology for equipment does. It must also be reasonably spect to restoration of freedom to the our homes and office buildings within the quiet and not require unusual maint enance, enslaved peoples of these Baltic nations. next few years. This measure I think or introduce any inconvenience. Our national conscience should dictate would make the necessary Federal com .. Promotion and service of installations by a course of action which includes free .. mitment to make sure that the advances, an arm of some member of the energy indus­ dom for them as one of the primary is­ lilte those made at the University of Del­ try, having an image which alleviates fear of sues to be resolved in any kind of aware, are perfected and brought into undue inconvenience or loss in the event of trade or loan concessions, peace nego .. a breakdown. commercial production in the near fu­ TECHNIQUES tiations or other foreign policy consider~ ture. The Solar One program is an R & D ef­ ations. This exciting program at the university fort to further develop state-of-the-a.rt com­ Mr. Speaker, 2 years ago I called at­ has received national acclaim, and I ponents and cadmium sulfide/copper sulfide tention to the fact that we would be think all the Members would be inter­ solar cells (that have recently been improved celebrating in 1976 the anniversary of ested to learn about some of the details at the Institute) in order to combine these 200 years of our priceless independence. of their work. I, therefore, insert a sum.. into an operational system that meets the I suggested at that time and I now re­ mary of their program at thin point in basic needs of a solar house. new the suggestion that both the Con.. the RECORD: The DC electricity obtained from the solar gress and the administration make spe­ cells may be u.sed directly for the house lights GENERAL DESCRIPTION: SOLAR ENERGY R. & D. or heating devices, or it may be stored in cial efforts to devise ways and means to PROGRAM AT THE UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE, batteries (presently lead acid). An inverter get the matter of the restoration of the I NSTITUTE OF ENERGY CONVERSION (being installed) changes the power with­ independence of the Baltic States on the (By Dr. Karl w. Boer) drawn from the batteries to AC for general United Nations agenda. I suggested then GOALS use. The system can also accept power from and I repeat now that utilization of · _The goal of the Institute's program ls to the utility's lines. every possibility of economic and pout.. deve_lop to commercial feasibility: The heat collected by the photovolt aic cells ical sanctions should be explored. I am and/ or by other selective-black heat absorb­ within five years, proven solar devices ers is removed from the collectors by circu­ convinced the time is i·ipe to make good which wlll provide in excess of 50 % of the on our pledges of help to these freedom total energy needed in suitable new homes as lating air. The warmed air may be used di­ elec·tricity, heat and air conditioning, and rectly for heating or to transfer the heat into loving slaves of the Kremlin. Without storage as heat-of-fusion in containers of such action, applied with· vigor and within two years, simple solar collectors which can be installed in moot existing salts, which melt at 120° F and at 75° F. determination, how can we as Americans be homes t o replace from 10 to 30 % of the heat Such heat stored at 120° F may then participate with honor in a celebration now supplied by conventional heating sys­ withdrawn as needed for controlled heat dis­ of our own two centuries· of peace and tems for comfort conditioning. tribution throughout the house during the freedom? Achievement of these goals would help day and the night. Heat stored at 75° F may be transferred to 120° F storage by means of a Finally, Mr. Speaker, I am of the firm greatly to alleviate the energy crisis without heat pump, preferably during off-peak hours. opinion that we as a free and dominant endangering the environment or depleting In the future it is planned to equip SOLAR world Power must share some of that energy reserves. ONE with a hot water heater which obtains vigor and determination which has The Institute has built SOLAR ONE House its heat from the solar-thermal energy. Ap"­ gained and preserved ow· own freedom­ as a special laboratory to evaluate approaches propriate means for adding heat to the sys­ share it with ow· Lithuanian friends to that a.re being developed to achieve these tem either from combusition of fossil fuels goals and to select the most practical ones or from electric power during prolonged pe­ regain their sovereignty. So, lest we for.. for broad commercial use. get, let us all be reminded that these en­ riods of inclement weather will be evaluated. INTRODUCTION "Coolness" for air conditioning is stored at slaved friends seek and covet freedom Since solar energy falling between 30° and 50° F iri heat-of-fusion containers of salts by just as do you and I. 40° latitude in the USA amounts to a yearly means of the same heat pump referred to average of approximately 5 kWh/m2/day, above. Heat is pumped out of the heat-of­ so1ar cells installed in ·solar panels on roofs fusion container and released outdoors.. Tl).is and south walls of buildings, at presently is done most efficiently and ~dvantageously SOLAR HEATING AND COOLING achieved conversion efficiencies, are able· to at night when outdoor temperatures a1·e DEMONSTRATION ACT · supply a significant portion of both the ·elec­ lower and when off-peak power is available. · trical and the thermal energy used therein, The "coolness" is then distributed both day i:µcluding that for air-conditioning. and night as needed by recirculating the HON. PIERRE S. (PETE) du PONT . Economic considerations would favor in- · house air through the "coolness" storage stallation of solar devices as an integral por­ unit. This will reduce extreme demands -dur­ OF DELAWARE tion of a building (replacing certain stand­ ing periods of peak-power loads when con­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ard parts) rather than erection as a separate ventional air conditioners operate, sometimes Wednesdliy, February 13, 1914 adjoining structure or in a large central causing "brown-outs" during very hot sum­ power plant. Though expensive equipment is mer days. In the future it is expected that Mr. nu PONT. Mr. Speaker, as one of required for capturing incident solar energy, the heat collected during the summer period the cosponsors of the Solar Heating and this is ofl'set by the fact that solar energy is will be used to operate absorption-desorption Cooling Demonstration Act, I want to free. Moreover, its use is not associated with type air conditioners and refrigerators ( a.s­ commend my colleagues h1 the House escalating costs, such as the purchase price suming efficient units for such use of· low or the refining and distribution costs of fuels, grade solar heat are developed). Committee on Science and Astronautics or the need to install expensive anti-pollu­ Solar One has been built as a. develop­ for their leadership in bringing this leg­ tion devices; nor are there losses such as ment laboratory to allow easy modificatiou islation·to the floor in such efficient fash .. those experienced in sending electricity of the system or the replacement or.testing ion.· Solar energy has been called the through transmission lines. of alternate components and subcomponents ideal form of energy. It is abundant and However, despite technical feasibilit y, a for various modes of operat ion. Data will be 3032 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 13, 1974 collected for comparison and correlated with versity. University funds are also used to do IMPORTANCE OF·NATIONAL GUARD weather and tnsolation data recorded: at the research on other solar deV'ices and compon­ house. This will provide necessary knowledge ents needed for the comprehensive program for prototype development of solar houses outlined above. Completion of this program Hon. Gr v. (SONNY) MONTGOMERY that wlll be efficient. yet standardized. It is is dependent on procurement of additional OF MISSISSIPPI expected that. large scale use of solar energy financial support. conversion units which produce electrlcity Construction of Solar one was funded IN THE HOUSE OP. REPRESENTATIVES :3.nd heat (including air-conditioning) may largely through grants from Delmarva. Power Wednesday, February 1J., 1914 be achieved within this decade- while simple­ & Light Company, the University of Delaware :heat. collectors may begin to be used widely and its Research Foundation and by gen­ Mr. MONTGOMERY. Mr. Speaker, I within a few years. erous supply of furnishings, equipment. e.tc., would like to share with my colleagues J'IVE PHASE PROGRAM from many business concerns. A number of & recent position paper of the National The Institute's development of solar energy power utilities, notably Delmarva Power and Guard Association of the United States for residential use that is being pursued for Light Co., Pennsylvania Power and Light concerning the increasing importance of Co., Atlantic City Electric Co., Tampa Elec­ the Army and Air Nationar Guai·ilize- forces ef substantial l!liM pouesaw sOllTCeS' and. by money budgeted by the Uni- energy resources." ing high readiness levels up.011 :mcildJillation. February 13, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3033

. There'll be no time for the leisurely "flesh­ '.i.\!lLTl'ARY VERSUS ECONOMIC Department of Defense Total Force Study ing-out" of units with large numbers of filler CONSIDERATIONS Group's evaluation .. personnel nor for extensive training after the Tl1is Council recognizes that the military (3) That national security considerations alert is sounded. needs of a nation are dynamic and ever­ strongly suggest the desirability of convert­ RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ACTIVE AND RESERVE changing, as are the kinds of military forces ing out-moded units, and units of marginal CAPABILITIES required to satisfy those needs. They neces­ utility in an early-response role, to new and essential missions rather than eliminating A long-accepted doctrine, that significant sarily are a product of the international environment and the potential threat rep­ them outright. reductions in our Active forces must be bal­ All who sha1·e in the responsibility for anced off by strengthening and improving resented by nations who might become our enemies. We recognize, moreover, that the defending this nation, from the highest our Reserve forces, is the very bedrock of the levels to the lowest, also share a single over­ Total Force policy. Defense leaders have al­ structure aud size of our forces are dictated by the national strategy and by the war riding objective-to produce and maintain ways accepted that doctrine as the only ac­ military forces of a size and capability com­ ceptable method by which this nation can plans those forces are designed to implement. In consequence, we know that revisions mensurate with national security needs, at maintain an adequate military posture in the highest attainable level of readiness and peacetime at a. price Americans will accept. must be made periodically in the types of units assigned to the National Guard and in ~ith the lowest possible expenditure of pub­ We are a nation that traditionally opposes lic funds. This Association likewise is dedi­ large standing armies. the missions assigned to them. The National Guard is continually making such alterations cated to such a goal. It is in consonance The National Guard has responded to the with that objective that the above convic­ Total Force challenge by elevating its com­ at the behest of its parent services to insure that the overall military force structure con­ tions are expressed. We earnestly petition bat-readiness to unp1·ecedented levels and the President of the United States, Congress, concurrently restoring its strength to full forms with anticipated needs. We sense, however, that current proposals and leaders of the defense establishment to authorized levels, a dual accomplishment give consideration to these views. which no other component of our . Armed to reduce Guard and Reserve forces hard on the heels of drastic reductions in the Active forces has matched. The Army Guard is still engaged in the forces stem more from heavy pressures to massive effort it launched several years ago reduce defense spending at whatever cost RECORD GAS RATE APPROVED­ to boost readiness levels still higher, as­ than from sober, realistic military considera­ DRAMATIC RISE IN .FUEL COST sisted by its Active Army mentors. The Air tions. COULD FOLLOW Guard has been engaged in a similar effort, This Council is particularly concerned lest with the support of the Active Air Force, insufficient consideration be given to two and currently can boast that an unprece­ of the factors cited earlier: the wastage of HON. BENJAMIN S. ROSENTHAL dented 90 percent of its force is rated com­ valuable assets when Guard units are elimi­ nated, and the Guard's success in attracting OF NEW YORK bat-ready. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES A Total Force Study Group late last year that primary ingredient· of readiness, man­ launched a comprehensive study of every power, at a time when other components are Wednesday, February 13, 1974 facet of Reserve Component organization and steadily losing ground. operations, under Department of Defense The Army and Air National Guard cur­ Mr. ROSENTHAL. Mr. Speaker, the sponsorship, to seek ways to make further rently stand at the strength prescribed for b:-Ieaguered American consumer is being improvements. It is contemplated that the them-the traditional 400,000 for the Army lut from all sides with higher prices. group will complete its studies by August, Guard and 92,000 for the Air Guard. They Foods, drugs, rents, clothing, cars-all 1974, and be in a position to make realistic, alone among the Reserve Components can continue to jump in price. In addition innovative recommenda.tions by bringing the boast o!' such an acoompUshment in the un­ favorable environment which exists. Not the tl~e ~nergy crisis caused a 47-percent Reserve Components into closer conformity hike m energy prices in 1973 compared with national defense needs. least of the factors on which this accom­ Without awaiting the results of this evalu­ plishment rests is the State and comm.unity with 1972. And fuel costs show no ation, however, Defense leaders are prepar­ character. of the Guard. prospect of abating. Indeed, the petro­ ing to direct certain reductions in Nationa,l GuJ.1.rd units have been closely identified leum industry proposes to raise gasoline Guard/Reserve force structure and manning with their communities and States over pe­ prices in 1974 alone by 10 to 15 cents a levels, a premature and ill-conceived step to riods that extent in many cases ba.ck into gallon. · which the members of this Council strongly the last century or earlier. They are moti­ On top of all these increases tl1e con­ object. While most of the details of the vated by, community pride to attain the goals set for them, whether strength or readiness sumer likely will soon be p~ying the pending reductions are still obscured by the highest price in history for natural g·as. "security classification" device, it is an open or response to emergencies. They are deeply secret that much of the ah· defense struc­ involved, whether a.s individuals or units in This is expected to come about as a re­ ture is to be dismantled, including Air Na­ the daily affai1·s of their commtmitles. Their sult of a recent, split decision by the tional Guard jet interceptor forces and Army performance in times of disaster and stress Federal Power Commission. National Guard Nike-Hercules units. In are recognized and hailed. From this has The FPC on February l, approved an addition, a number of other proposals are grown an esprit de corps and a determina­ increase in the price of natural gas under active consideration which could lead tion to succeed that recognizes no obstacles as insurmountable. destined to be sold in interstate com­ to further reductions in Army Guard unit merce from 45 cents per 1,000 cubic feet structure and/or authorized strength. ~uard units represent an amalgam of ex­ This Council regards such developments perience, leadership, dedication, teamwork to a record 55 cents--a 22-percent hike. as inexplicable in view of- and individual skllls that can be duplicated According to an FPC aide the Commis­ The increased reliance on Reserve Forces only by a massive investment of time, energy sion may approve still 'higher i·ates which has been proclaimed as national pol­ and money. Immense sums have been spent despite the fact that the Commissio1~ icy; to develop the military capability possessed staff had recommended a ceiling price The steady growth in Soviet military power by such units. It would be tragic to capri­ of 35 cents. Rlld its clear attempt to achieve military ciously dissipate such assets, for once dissi­ pated they cannot be re-created. A far more The swing vote in this decision was supremacy; the FPC's newest member, Don Smith, The National Guard's demonstrated ability sensible course is to. convert such resources to other essential tasks, when they have out­ who according to Washington Post re­ to attain any realistic 1·eadi11ess and man­ lived their usefulness in their present con­ ning levels assigned to it; porter Morton Mintz "had been looked figuration. to as .an ally by consum~r ' forces The apprehensions repeatedly voiced in on OuR POSITION recent years by U.S. military leaders ove1· - Capitol Hill." · the succession of strength cuts imposed by Members of this Council therefOl'e ex­ If a strong effective Consumer Pro­ Congress; _press the following convictions in respect to tection Agency-CPA-had been in reductions .1n either force structure or existence on February 1, the outcome The wastage of a valuable, irrecoverable strength in the Army National Guard and defense asset when long-established Na­ Ail• National Guard: might have been far different. The CPA tional Guard units are inactivated and the (1) That nothing i11 our cul'l'ent military would have been an independent, Fed­ collective experience, teamwork, individual posture vis-a-vis that of Soviet Russia war­ eral agency looking out for the interests skills and dedication of their individual rants a unilateral reduction in the size and. of the consumer instead of the interests members are dissipated; and capability of U.S. military forces. . of big business. The critical secondary responsibility of (2) That the interests of the nation will CPA legislation has failed twice in the National Guard, of protecting the lives be better served if all decisions regarding Congress since 1970, largely because of and property of citizens in every State, as a force structu1·e realignments and manning solid business and White House opposi­ State-directed adjunct of civil forces. levels be delayed pending completion of the tion. It will be coming up for another ·3034 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 13, 1974 vote soon during the 2d session of the "To support the industry's demand for CONFERENCE ON INDIAN HEALTH 93d Congress, and I am hopeful that a. the 55-cent price, the majority uses so-called CARE strong-and effective Consumer Protection cost evidence to justify the pre-ordained price set by the applicant and not by the Agency will be created. evidentiary record," the dissenters said. I insert in the RECORD Morton Mintz' They had recommended 41 cents, although HON. DON YOUNG revealing article 011 the FPC decision. It the commission staff had recommended the OF ALASKA appeared on the front page. of the Febru- area "ceiling" price of 35r Administrative IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ·ary 3, 1974, editions of the Washington La.w Judge Michael Levant, who presided in Post. the case, recommended 50 cents, which Wednesday, February 13, 1974 Springer and Na.ssikas termed "too high ... Mr. YOUNG of Alaska~ Mr. Speaker, The article follows: Moreover, they complained, the majority RECORD GAS RATE APPltOVED--DRAMATIC RISE acted hurriedly-a few hours after getting last. Thursday, February 7, a Planning IN FUEL CoSTS COULD FOLLOW a telegram from the. producers requesting Conference on Indian Health Care was (By Morton Mintz} action. h.eld in the Rus.sell Senate Office Build­ A bitterly divided Federal Power Com­ The FPO staff aide said, "The consumers ing-. Although I was unable to at.tend mission has approved the highest price in its have been sold down the river." the Conference, I would like ta express history- for natural gas destined to be sold Area celling prices were a.11 but nulli:fled my gratitude to Senator ABotrREZK, in interstate- commerce-a decision likely in 1972. when a. unanimous commission-led whose concern and interest made this to bring multibilllon-dollar increases in con­ by Nassikas--approved "optional pricing." conference possible. There were repre­ This procedure lets producers and pipelines sumer fuel bills. sentatives of Indian tribes and Indian The price is 55 eents per 1,000 eubic feet, negotiate any price they care to, s.ubject to 22 per cent more than the previous record commission approval. health organizations present from all price of 45 cents set last May, and more than The first case under optional pricing, over the country, including a. numbe1· of double the rate previously .approved for the which is under challenge in the U.S. Court Alaskan Natives. region effected. of Appeals. led to approval of a 45-cent- price As a resident of Alaska, I cannot help Th& 55-cent price has been sought by a for three producers in Qfl'shore Louisiana but recognize the many deficiencies in joint venture of seven producers-mainly last May 30. Indian medical services· and f aciHties. In the independent Mallard Exploration Co. and That was a 73 per cent increase over the a State whose population consfsts of ap­ giant Exxon Corp.-that developed gas in 26 cents approved in 1971-a. price that, the the new Big Escambia Creek field in Ala­ producers had a..ssured the FPO, would be proximately 20 percent Indians, Eskimos. bama. Their customer, under a 20-year con­ adequate. to stimulate exploration and devel­ and Aleuts, this deficiency poses a.. stag­ tract, will be Southern Natural Gas, a pipe­ opment. gering threat to a substantial portion of line serving Southern sta. tes. In the Washington-Baltimore area,. the 73 Alaska's residents. This neglect &:f our Other contracts will not be affected im­ per cent increase translates. into an in­ citizens is unconscionable and demands mediately. But, an FPC aide told a reporter, crease of about 15 per cent, or $35 a year, :for better health services have gone un­ ~e commission has signaled the industry in the price of. heating a typical single­ answered for too long. I have been woi"k­ iha.t 55 cents is not the top-that the com­ fa.mily home. ing for some time toward improving these mission may approve still higher rates. Moody and Brooke voted for the 45-cent Consequently, said the aide, who asked not price, which the FPC staff estimated would services. to be identified, producers have been given yielcl. one. of the three producers involved a Just last month, a special ear surgery an incentive--an expectation of higher 48 per cent annual re.turn on. its share of clinic for Native children was herd in prices-to hold back commitments of new tot.a.I invested capital. Kanakanat, Alaska.. There were iunds supplies to interstate commerce. Nassikas dissented. Later~ after Springer's provided for the approximately 160 chil­ Nationally, the annual consumption of appointment, the pair were able to fight off dren who are participating in the clinic, na.tural gas is about 23 trillion cubic feet-. further increases. Now,. with the appointment held from January 14 through March If the price were to increase one penny, the of Smith, there is a new majority. 16,. but none for the postoperative care. eost to pipelines would be $230 million per No matter how rates are. computed, the year. theoretical maximum. "just.. and reasonable Families living in the area. volun~eered The industry and the Nixon administra­ re:turn." after taxes, is 15 per cent. In the their assistance in providing boarding tion, along with the FPC, urge legislation be Big Escambia case, the staff figured that rate homes for the children. who had traveled ena.cted to lift FPC price controls at the would be earned at the. 35-cent price it ree­ some distance to undergo surgery.. No wellhead. The industry says prices of around ommended on the basis o! estimated pro­ funds were available to reimburse these 75 cents per 1,000 cubic. feet of gas might re­ ductivity averaged over several years. families for their expenses and I ap­ surt and are necessary to stimulate explora­ In order to assume that a 55-cent price pealed to the Indian Health Service fn tion and development. also would yield 15 per cent, hearing exam­ Critics reject the contention, saying that iner Levant and commissioners Moody and Washington, D.C., for assistance. ms even with price increases of 200 per cent Brooke necessarily assumed a lower produc­ agreed to supply the necessary money from 1904 to 1972, the problem wasn't solved tivity. They did so by using a one-year rather and the clinic was able to contin1:1e its because talk of de-regulation led producers than a multi-year test period. services. to hold back in expectation of still-higher This approach was "faulty and not. truly This is just one instance in which the prices. representative of industry costs," dissenters Indian Health E:ervice was able to supply The 55-percent decision by the FPA was Nassikas and Springer charged. needed funds. Unfortunately .. IHS is not made- Friday on a. 3-to-2 vote. The FPC's It the extra 20 cents pel' l,000 cubic feet financially capable of :filling the many newest member, Don Smith, who had been of ga.s proves to be all profit, the. producers' This. looked to as an ally by consumer forces on rate of retur-n will be about 42 per cent. daily requests for assistance. lacl: Oap!toI Hill, provided the swing vote. Commissioner Smith had wan a reputation of funds can be rectified only by Congress In his first major test, Smith, a former in Arkansas. for being pro-consumer despite itself, in the form of appropriations. utility regulator from Arkansas whose chief a repo1·ted close relationship with w. :a. Senator HENRY JACKSON introduced S. sponsor for his present post was the state's Stephens, chairman and president of. Arkan­ 2838 on February 1, the Indian Health senior senator, Democrat John L. McClel­ sas Louisiana Gas Co., a, pipeline and gas Care Improvement Act," a bill to lan, sided with the oil and gas industry's producer. strengthen Indian health services and, most steadfast supporters on the FPC. Com­ President Nixon nominated Smith after his where needed, provide new facilities. I missioners Rush Moody Jr. and Albert B. first choice for a. vacant seat was rejected by the Senate. Leaders of the fight, pro-con­ understand similar legislation will short­ B1·ooke Jr. ly be introduced in the House. I am cur­ The dissenters, Chairman John N. Nas­ sumer members o! the Senate Commerce slkas a.nd Commissioner William L. Springer, Committee and Senate .Antitrust and Monop­ rently in the process of studying this leg­ ~ former senior Republican congressman oly SUbcommittee, suported the smith islation and would like to add my support from , denounced the decision as a. nomination. to- any legislation that will efrectively im­ ""travesty of regulatory justice." The amount of gas involved in the case pro-ve medical facilities and ser¥ices in In a rare joint statement, the two said the ts a relatively modest 9.2 million cubic feet this area. I will personally work towru·d courts. would reverse. the decision if given a. year. The annual cost dift'erential between this goal. a cha.nee to do so. But, they lamented. there the 85 cents recommended by the staff and I was very proud of the many Alaskans ean be no appeal, because no outsiders had the 55 cents approved by the commission majority Is $1.8 million a. year to the pipeline, who came to Washington to attend the mtel:vened while the case was. befo1·e the health conference. Theirs was the long­ E1PC. which will pass it on through ?oeal distribu­ The majorlty "capitulated to the pre­ tors to consttmers-. est journey made by the ma~ Indians scription of an industry-established' price of Gas was, discovered in the Big- EScambia present who are concerned with impmv­ 56 cents ... rather than prescribing a just field in January, 1972. Its potential reserves ing their health care services. The names and reasonable rate by regulatory review,'• are believed to be 255 billion cubic feet-the of some of those attending are listed in the minority charged. largest ever found in Alabama. the following statement, but many are February 13, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3035 not. I would especially like to thank Dr. the United States Govemment, to- make a Ilearlth planning function and possess the K. study of all Federal programs primarily de­ managerial ability to administer health pro­ Donald Freedman, director of the signed to benefit Native people and to.repo!rt grams, there must, gentlemen, be substantial State di\dsion of public health for com­ back to Congress with its recommendations investment of "front-end" money to dev.e.lop ing to te.stify. One. .Alaskan Native whose for the future management and operation of tribal government a.nd Alaska Native.. or­ name is not included in the statements these programs within three years of the ganizations. That is, realization bi Congress but-who ha& been an active leader in the date of enactment o! this Act."· and the- Federal Government to subsidiZe native community for. years is Charles The Department of the Interior upon the the development of "executive bran-ch'" and Edwardson. He has been to Washington formation of the S'teel'ing Committee com­ 1'ts f'unctio s within tribal governments and countless times on Alaska projects, in­ posed of three representatives of the Fedel'a:t Alaska.. Native organization if we. are· ta. at­ Regional Council, two representatives of the tain the self-determination and self-suffi­ cluding the Alaska Native Land Claims. State o:t: Alaska and four representatives from ciency we have been promised. We: believe the Alaska pipeline, as well as the health the Native Community has established three that local governments. should so1ve 80(,)ia.l conference. Mr. Ralph .Amouak, presi­ criteria. for the study. They are: problems for thems.elves.; and glven financial dent of th~ Alaska Native Commission on 1. Comprehensive; support: from the Federal Government. We: Alcohol and Drug Abuse was alse> in 2. Objective; and view the- Federal Indian Health Service Washington. ta attend the conference and 3. With adequate- Native involvement. budget, if brought directly under strong to seek Federal as&istance in helping t() We are herewith supporting the position Native. and tribal influence, Is essentially a combat one- of Alaska's major health taken by the "2 ( c) Steering Committee" in special fOl'm. of Federal revenue. sharing_ It a form of a letter dated January 28, 1974 to is, however, critical that th1' g~ment problems-alcoholism. To all those who the Secretary of the Interior, that there be view the tribal governing bodies and Native participated in the conference, I extend no pre-mature erosion of Federal monies organizations in Alaska. as legitimate· self­ my thanks and appreciation. benefiting Alaska Nattves. governing units. I believe. that those concerned with this It is our interpretation that the drafters We do not, however, believe that the Presi­ conference-the American Indians­ of P.L. 92-203 intended that benefits gener­ dent, the Secretary, nor- Congress can re-all~ should be allowed to speak for themselves ally available to all Native Americans shall expect that many Indian tribes a~ Alaska and request that the statement made by also be ;vailable ta . This in­ Natives 01·ganizations would seriously con­ Ms. Lillie McGarvey, chairman of Alaska tention, if not clearly defined. in the bill', sider or wish to totally assume the responsi­ has been borne out by hearings~ fioor debate bility now carried by the India.n Health Native Health Board be included in the and legislative histoey. Service nor assume the management of these RECORD: At this time we would like to express to progra:ms and facilities in their present con­ STATEl\i!ENT OF' Ms. I.ILLIE' McGARVEY, CHAm­ this- Committee: specific unmet health needs figurations and conditions. llIAllt CDF ALAsKA NATIYE HEALTH BOABD that have> been identified by the Alaska Na­ We say this for- two reasons. The ms is not­ Mr:. Chairman,, members of the Committee tive Hearth Board, which is the health ann presently meeting a large portion 01: our a.nd guests. '.[ am Llllle McGarvey, Chairman ot the Sta.tewide Nati-ve organlza;tion, the. needs, being seriously short-funded' in rela­ et Alasl~a Native Health Boa.rd. With me;. Alaska Federation of Natl-ves, Incorporated.. tion to the total' needs and many of itEf fa.­ rep~se~ Alaska are: These are- not in the order of priority. cUities are inadequate~ Our estima.te now is. · li. Georgianna. Lincoln, Executive Direc­ Community Health Aide Program; that ms is funded 70% o.f need. we think tor-Fairbanks Native Community Center. Communication; that examination of the- statistics on atafi:lng ~ Chris Anderson, Planner, DOYON, Eye· care; shortage, estimates of costs of up-grade fa­ Limited, President-Fairbanks Native .A.sso.­ Dental Program; cilities, and health statistics would ade­ cfa.tlonr Mental Health, Alcoholism and Drug quately document unmet needs.. where. there: 3. Joseph Lomack-Yukon-Kuskokwlm .Abuse; is little budget commitment today. There Is' Health Qorp01•ation. Sanitation and Water Systems; little reason to believe that a Na.tlv.e orga.ni­ 4. Dennis J. Tiepelman-Eil=ecutive Direc­ Patient travel; zatfon could meet the peaple.'s need's g.iven tor, K.otzebua Area Health Corporation. Village built clinics; the same- level of :financial support, that. 5. Carl .rack, Di.rector Health Affairs Divl­ Data system; and exists today. Many of these programs courcf skm, AFN, Incorporated. Ambulatory care and care for the aged. be redesigned to- operate- more efllcientfy but­ &. Ray Paddock, EXecutive Director, Tlingit" Discussion will follow by the rest of the them still exists such serious defi'.ctenci'es. ilk a.nd HaidSI- Indians of Alaska. delegation on these specific areas. funding that most Native organlzatk>ns: 'l. Alvin s I.vanotr, Acting. Executive Direration. at this time ts the impact the Alaska pipelin& ondly, we must be given the latitude to plan 8\ Dain Rounds, Planning and Evaluation­ will have- on our health resourceS'. Many of and develop health programs in organiza­ Yulton-Kuskokwlm. Health CorpoEatlon. our people from both throughout as wen as­ tional stroctures and in service modes oL 9.. Frank R_ Peterson, Assistant Director,. those coming from outside- the State, will be our own design with the :flexibility to achieve Health Aml.irs Division. AFN, Incoq>orated. migrating to areas specifi-0 to the construc­ the most effective utilization of tb.e. loca.J. 10~ Tommy Ontooguk, Deputy Director of tion and subsequent maintenance of t~ resources and skills-. There are very few Na­ Nonon Sound Health Corp. pipeline. The mental health care in the areas tive organizations which have the. re.sources. llr J.oe Upickson, President-Arctic Slope mentioned is presently below a maintenance­ to launch into planning and develQPment. Qf' Native Corporation. level. Sehools are now crowded; contract' health programs and the administrativ.a 12. Lovetta Kenton.. Arctic Sl<>pe Borough. health ca.re is insufficient; travel budgets for structures required to run them. This situa­ First of an.. we. would like to spress 0111' patients a.re overspent; low coat housing 1s tion is not unique to the health field,, but a.ppreciatlon t0> b& invited and g.iven time to, near non-existent.; inadequate or no means. merely refiects a. pattern of genera.I negJ'ec.f. testify- on be.ha.If o! Alaskan Natives. We of transportation-these are- bwt a f'ew areas on the part of the government, to in.v.es.t. in have travel.M 4,500 miles from Alaska. to that will effect the health delivery system for development of. effective executive branches. Washington, D.C'. to partfcipa.te in this can­ the Alaska Natives. under tribal a.nd Native governln" bodies ferenee. Ala.ska is 1/5 the size of th& United At this time State. and Federal agencies despite the intent which seems to have been. States, and Rm·al Alaska suffers disadvan­ have not shared with us any plans for ad,­ expressed in the Indian Reorg~ization Actr tages eaused by isolation, inadequate oom­ justing their health programs acco11dingly. ot 1934. We, therefore, recommend to thiS. munica..tion and undependable transporta­ Although we refy" primmrUy on Indian Health Committee to appropriate funds- which can tion,. resulting in unmet health needs. Service for direct serviwing statement will emphasize' ever, have total dependence on llIS for our b111ty of Tribal Governments a.ncl 4.Iaska.. the central issue. These are (1) Federal pro­ health services. We are continually exploring Native organizations to plan and ma.nag.a gram study as mandated unde.r Section 2(c) other resources that a.re available to up­ health programs and. to pxovide funds spe­ of PL 92-203, "Alaska Native Claims Settle­ grade the health status of the Alaska Native cifical'ly to bulld up certain pa.rts of the ms ment Act'": (2) Utilization of PL 89-121 people. program which will substantially tnm·ease: funds (Water and Sewe:r .Act); and (3) Sub­ To summarize our other concern 1s that in the quality and quantity of health services. sidy :for management functions of Tribal order for Native people to develop organiza­ to native people. Governments anct Alaska Native organiza­ tions which incorporate the strategic- and op­ tions. Section. 2(C'). of Public Law 92-203, erational health planning functions and Alaska. Natlue Claims Settlement Act. passed. possess the mana.geriar ab111ty to administer SAVING ENERGY IS EVERYBODY'S by the 9-2nd Congress states a.s follows· health programs that the Federal Govern­ RESPONSIBILITY "(C') No provision of this Act' sha.lI r~place ment should subsidize the development of or diminish any right, prtvilege, or obliga­ "executive branches" and its functions with­ tion of Natiires as eitJizens of' the- United in trlliaI government and Alaska Native orga­ HON. JONATHAN B. BINGHAM States- or of Alaska, or relieve, replace, or nization if: Native Americans. are.. to obtain. dilnilriisb any obligation Of the United States the seli-de.termination and sell-sufiiciency OF NEW YORK a:r Qf the· Sta.te oJ Aiaska to protect and we ha'Ile been. promised.. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTA~IVE& promote the rights or welfare of Natives as The .other c.Qllcern. is Tribal Government.. Wednesday, February· 13, 19V4! citi2!ens of the trmted states or ot Alaska; a.nd Native. Health Pian.n1ng. In order far the Secretary is authorized and directed, to­ Na.tiue pe.ople to d~elop OZoganioo.tions which Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Speak.er, we a:F.ei gether With other appropriate agencies or incorporate this strategic and operational a Nation with a tradition of "tightening CXX--192-Part 3 3036 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 13, 1974

the belt" in times of crises or national and the.metropolitan are.a if during the win­ States ill' which the detailed evidence of emergencies. While most of these efforts ter a short age of energy cuts off heat or elec­ these actions will be brought forward and have been in times of war, the current tricity. he will be given full opportunity to . clear energy crisis shows again that we are "Saving electricity is everybody's respon­ himself before the United States Senate. to sibili'ty, not just Management's," Mr. Aronov We do not ask fo1• these things in the spirit a people willing make personal sac­ concluded. While there may not be a legal of vindictive righteousness, for we realize rifices when the need 9,rises. A prime way yet to enforce the conservation of elec­ that the actions of the Nixon administration example of voluntary action to reduce tricity, the moral suasion of the community are the culmination of a long process of de~ energy consumption comes from a hous­ should be effective. Elected, authorized repre­ terioration and corruption in government ing development-Co-op City-'-in my dis­ sentatives such as members of the Advisory which started long before he came to office. trict. Mr. Edward Aronov, executive Council and the Building Associations should But we do feel that we must begin to resto1·e manager of Co-op City, has implemented be able to discuss with their neighbors the the integTity of our political system by de­ a program that has resulted in a 10 unwise use of lighting in holiday decorat ions m anding that President Nixon submit to this year." impeachment procedures to establish his percent reduction in fuel usage. Its eff ec­ guilt or innocence or step down from his tiveness prompted Consolidated Edison high office. to report that Co-op City was the only QUAKERS GROWING DISEN­ Respectfully submitted for the St. Louis major development in the entire area to CHANTED WITH NIXON Religious Society of Friends. achieve such a substantial l'eduction in WALTER B:t\UER, Cler k . the use of electric power. This kind of success is of interest to HO . WILLIAM (BILL) CLAY all of us and shows what can be accom­ OF MISSOURI plished through the Nation. An article IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES NORTH VlETNAMESE FAIL TO AC­ in the Co-op City Times on the details of COUNT FOR ALL OUR MIA'S this effort follows: Wednesday, February 13, 1974 R E SIDE NTS REACT TO CRISIS; S AVE E LEC'l'RIC Mr. CLAY. Mr. Speaker, the Midwest HON. BILL ARCHER AND FUEL or Middle America as it has been coined has come to be associated as Nixon coun­ OF TEXAS Co-op City saved about 130,000 gallons of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES fuel oil and one-million kilowatt hours of try where he once gained a great deal of electricity during the month of November, support. Many in thi~ Nation have grown Wednesday, February 13, 1974 1973 as compared to last year, according to disenchanted with their President and Mr. ARCHER. Mr. Speaker, the first records of oil and electricity consumption this is evident by what citizens living kept by the Power House. anniversary of the cease-fire in Vietnam in America's heartland are now saying. was observed last month. We should not The savings were effected by cooperators I to who responded to the appeal to "Don't Waste want share with my colleagues a let­ forget a serious problem still remaining: Electricity" in their homes, by careful op­ ter which I received from the St. Louis The failure of the North Vietnamese to eration of the heating plant with adjustment Religious Society of Friends-Nixon's abide by the provision of the cease-fire of heat to outdoor temperatures, and by the o·wn congregation. They, too, are now dis­ agreement to account for all of our conversion to cold water wash. In November gusted with the way he has obstructed American servicemen listed as missing of 1972, Co-op City burned 2,144 gallons of the Watergate investigation and the way fuel oil per degree day as compared to 1,937 in action throughout Southeast Asia. hP has wreaked havoc with the social Paragraph 8B required that all of our gallons of oil per degree day this Novem­ and economic programs of this country. ber. The 10 percent saving per degree day is prisoner~ of war be 1·etut'11-ed and the computed on the basis of 1,310,000 gallons of I think we all need to take a good look bodies of the dead repatriated. fuel oil consumed in November of 1972'. Heat at what they are saying. The North Vietnamese have rejected in a building is required by law when the '!"'heir letter follows: the terms of the agreement and humani­ outdoor temperature falls below 55 degrees ROCK HILL, MO., tarian considerations by constantly in the daytime and 40 degrees from 10 P.M. Jaritiar y 30, 1974. frustrating the attempts of American to 6 A.M. Deg1·ee days a.re calculated on the DEAR MR. CLAY: · As Quakers living in the basis of average out door temperatures per Middle West we wish to correct the general search missions. They have allowed some day below 65 degrees. Thus, if the average impres.iion that Mr. Nixon has encountered teams to search in a very limited area in temperature for the day is 45 degrees, we no criticism or opposition from his fellow South Vietnam. American teams have have 20 degree days for that day. Quakers in this region. We are deeply con­ not been allowed to search areas where A spokesman for Consolidatecl Edison noted cerned about the moral and political crisis a. large number of Americans were known that "Co-op City was the only major devel­ in our government which we feel has been to have been captured-the Vietcong­ opment in the metropolitan area that suc­ brought to a head by the actions of our controlled areas of South Vietnam, areas ceeded in dropping the use of electricity sub­ President. We are writing him directly about stantially, from 12,361,000 kilowatt hours in in North Vietnam, and territory in Laos our religious concerns, but we feel we must and Cambodia. 1972 to 11,361,000 kilowat t hours in Novem­ addre~ this open letter to our representa­ ber, 1973, a saving of 8 percent. The residents tives in Congress, to the press and to our fel­ There is evidence--from photos taken of Co-op City are to be highly commended low Quakers, stating our position, not only of men in captivity, propaganda broad­ for their responsible attitude in this energy as Friends, but hS United States citizens. casts by the North Vietnamese, and emergency." The savings were even greater, We believe that there is substantial evi­ taped broadcasts--that some of these Executive Manager Edward Aronov pointed dence that President Nixon has: men unaccounted for are still alive and out, when it is noted that the Einstein Shop­ Obstructed the investigation of the Water­ being held as prisoners by the Com­ ping and Community Centers were not in op­ gate break-in; munists. eration in 1972 and are open and using elec­ Approved domestic political surveillance tricity this year. and espionage by such methods as burglary, Americans were shocked by the sm·­ Because Co-op City was able to use gas for wire-tapping and eavesdropping, mall covers prise ambush attack on an unarmed seven days in November, the actual consump­ and military spying on civilians; body .recovery team authorized under tµe tion of oil was a.bout 500,000 gallons less than Perverted the operations of various federal · Paris Agreement in the middle of last for the same period in 1972 and it dropped agenc!os by engaging them in political sur­ December. An American Army captain from 1,310,000 gallons to about 803,000 gal­ veillance and falsificat ion of information; was killed and four other American lons in 1973. "The 10 percent saving is prom­ Established within the Whit e House a per- soldiers were wounded in the attack ising," Mr. Aronov stated. "However, if the sonal secret police; and . which took place 15 miles southwest of fuel oil shortage is ·as great as the govern­ Offered a high federal post to the presiding ment warns, it will be necess·ary to augment judge during the Ellsberg trial. Saigon. The Vietcong and the North our efforts to conserve energy this winter. We kuow that President Nixon has: Vietnamese delegates to the four-party "The city is considering steps to reduce Impounded funds appropriated by Con­ joint military team had been notified of power by 5 percent. In New England, power gress for domestic health and welfare pro­ the search 10 days beforehand and had is now reduced 5 percent daily at schedUlet grams; and signed receipts that they knew about it. hours. Usurped the war-malting powers of Con­ After the three unarmed and brightly "Under such circumst ances, it is disturb­ gress and repeatedly engaged the military marked helicopters landed, the attack ing to note that some families appear to be might of his country in secret actions not was launched. The American Army cap­ putting up traditional holiday decorations disclosed to the Congress or to the nation. with strings of lights, indoors and on their These actions, we submit, lead either to tain was shot down while holding his terraces. the necessity that President Nixon resign or hands high in the air as a gesture of sur­ "When cold weather hits, the demand for that the House of Representatives immedi­ render. Secretary of Defense James R. heat and electricity will jump sharply. It will ately inst itute impeachment proceedings as Schlesinger aptly described it as "a des­ be a sad day for all residents in Co-op City provided by the Constitution of the Unit ed picable act.,, February 13, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF· REMARKS. 3037 The · Subcommittee on National Se­ right, or throwing band. Of such. trivia no party and be. has never forgotten a sin­ are trivial stories created only, at a seem­ gle- :rm'1e- of the m,any miles it took for his· curity Policy and Scientific Developments ingly justified appointed hour,, to die aborn­ long walk from a busted finger to today of the House Gommittee on Foreign Af­ ing. This story didb.'t die because it was_ when he is· respected and revered· for his. fairs held hearings last December on created by a man who was born to live and leadership. 19 resolutions which had been introduced to lead. Through my interesting years,. anfay he embrace them in east Asia on January 28 of this year. as a master painter cnua ftom his own genius good health. The facts are. distFessingr There are and Interprets- it on canvas. BUt 'Dack then,, oi.re1· 1,.200 American servicemen missing and as you watched him grow, you knew tha.tr and unaccounted for as a. :result of the no part of what cautd ?>e honestly described told the basic story of the man. Meaning that BAN THI! RANDGUN-XXI: Vietnam wai.·r When we, rook at.. the offi­ no man can find just the right phrasing to cial POW/MIA. llst, it ha& been estimated explain the almost indefinable quality of that less. than QUe-third: of the men. ac­ leadership in another man. It lives in a man tually; eama home. Of those Ameri.C:ans and it ls. felt. by other men but it cannot be H · . JO ATHA B. B N HAM listed as dead in g:ravesites. in Ct>.mmu­ graded or weighed and n<> one can ever ex- OF NEW YORK. nist a.reas. none of the remains have been plain it. . IN THE :ROUSE. OF BEPRESENI'ATl.'tlES exhumed.. and :returned t& \he United Jack Kemp led the Bms to AFL supremacy States-. The North Vietnamese- ha.v in 1964 and a.gain in He was the in­ W'ednesdav.,. Febru season training cut him nut of action fo.r a. come from unexpected sources. TfJe- od'dS account for those ·Americans missing in whole season. and it was dw.:ing that time. ot a gun owner :iniuri.ng himself. with hf& action and have eosigned. a letter to the that the maturing Kemp took stock of h!m­ own gun are five times higher than a.i:e.. Presipent of the United States urging self. For Jack his life was not to be an en­ his.~ha.nces of being shot by a inkude:rr him to ma.nhal w0rld opinion to urge tire devotion to the sport of football. H~ The bulk. of gun deaths oc.eur · each. North VietnatiJ: to bide by th& Paris: had learned much from it and he owed year invo: e otherwise> -a •cttng eit· much. to it because of that chance to.learn. .Agreement.. The rulherence to this agree­ hav~ But t.he time came t~ quit that" which had zens· wllo shot: fihemselre& ar an­ ment on prisoners should be a test. of the given him so much. Th~ time came for him other Jaw-abiding citizen. Han'Clguns sincerity of the North Vietnamese to to put into complete context the. quality of. must be banned from the general' public'. secure peace in this troubled area of the leadership that had enable.d him. ta, emerge Indiscriminate purchasing of handguns world. The results ha:ve been very clisap­ as one of the fine craftsmen. of professianar leads to indiscriminate kiillng 0! :r>eopfe. poin ting. football. The time came for giant strides 1 commend to the reader of the RECDR11 Those Amel!icans. whose fate·in South­ after a long succession of important little the attached article appearing, in. the steps. The time came ta prove, again, that east Asia a.re unltnown must be-accounted leaders are born. and not made. February 11, 1974 issue of Newsweek: far soon. We must not forget these Amer­ As we. sat with such. a.s Bob Kauffman, MY NEIGHBOll. Is GoING" To Kn.L. Ml!:. icans. We owe an obligation to them and Frank Swiatek, George. Daddario and John ('B.y- Dr. Tho.mas E. De-iker)! to.their families. Noi'th Vietnam's refusal Leypoldt the other night, J"aclt and I looked My neighbor has a gun. In fact.. not hav­ ta cooperate with the terms of the Paris out at the throng of Cheektowaga family ing the good fortune to live Jn the ~t house Agreement is a matter of serious com~~m people who had come to savor the rewarding on a.. dead-end street, r am surroUD..d:ed: b.~ to. all Am.erieans. climax to the year'l:! athletic' achieving by 11eig_hb"ors with guns. My situation is_ hard!~ both thell girls and 11helr boys. Kemp looked novel, since mast American house.hof was llones.t my ather neighbor who also has a gun. Can.­ enough to admit that his fa.me as- a foot­ trary to the public myth, ment.a.I patients. LEADERS ARE BORN NOT MADE baller aided tremendously. B.ut- the world have crrme rates far beiow those. o:r m~ ne.igJl.­ (By Ralph Hubbell) wa.s honest enough to admit th.at what he bor or me, for an categorres o:r crime and' for It was during the middle. of the Buffalo showed in. lead-ership on the football field homieide in particular. One- of the few safe Bills' American Football League season in were the qualities which he needed. to repre­ places left to live in this pistoI-paeking·eoun­ 1962 that the youngster traded uniforms. sent us in Washington. How right he haa try is on the grounds- of your local' mental The deal·that brought-Jack Kemp from San proved the world to be. hospital, where the resicfents are- fi:rr fess ag­ Diego to Buffa.lo didn't ·shake . the earth or Ever s-ince his first day as a Congressman gressive- than my nelghbol' and g'tm'8 are-­ a.ny portion. of football's sod. Actually there Jack Kemp has walked forward with never a checkedt in at the gate. was a to.uch of humor to J.t. The Bills, .for backward glance. He has demonstrated over Safer f~om som:e prowler in the> mgfi:t. seelt-- a hUncbed bucks,. badr latched on to a quar­ and over again the basic: honesty .that is h .is ing t deprive his wife of he:i: 'YJrtue- ctl!- · terback with a broken middle finger on the birthright. He has bowed to no man and to o f his new color television? According to best 3038 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 13, 1974 available estimates: my neighbor's odds of "safety" lies in acquiring a bigger and better MINNEAPOLIS--0ITY OF LAKES, doing himself. in accidentally with his own gun. The rise in privately owned machine "..-OFFICE OF CITY COUNCIL, gun are about five times higher than his odds guns and even more deadly devices in recent Minneapolis, Mtnn., Januciry 29, 1974. of being done in by some intruder. Profes­ years polnts directly to such a grisly pos­ Congressman DONALD FRASER, sional breakers and enterers have long since sibility. 180 Fecleral Courts Building, adjusted their techniques to the annoying THE DIFFERENCE rise in home guns, with an increase in death The incredible fact is that recent polls Minneapolis, Minn. rates more detrimental to my neighbor than (after the Kennedys and King, but before DEAR CONGRESSMAN FRASER: In response to to his attacker. Burglars and robbers have a Wallace and Stennis) show that two-thirds of your recent request, I have, through the ef­ clear edge in any encounter with my sleeping our citizens favor stricter gun-control laws. forts of our City Clerk, Lyall Schwarzkopf, neighbor. In our best privately armed city, If Congress genuinely voiced the will of the compiled the following data and information , robbers and burglars are currently people, that would be enough support even to on the new Voter-Registration-by-Mail Pro­ winning the home shoot-outs at the rate of override a veto. The difference lies, we rabid gram. better than 2 to 1. As a gun owner, my neigh­ pacifists suspect, in the vigor of the relevant bor would be better advised to invest his lobbying groups. Although I am guaranteed 1. N'ltmber of Post Card Registrations-The money in locks and a loud dog. . by my Constitution the right to bear arms, new post card registration program went into No, the prowler in the night accounts for I don't know how much longer I can bear my effect on August l, 1973. From that date to fewer than 8 per cent of our gun deaths. The neighbors' arms. December 31, 1973, 11,152 people have regis­ bulk comes from perfectly law-abiding, but tered by mail. The number of registered voters gun-toting, people like my neighbor, who kill this year shows a sharp increase over the past each other, themselves, or me. Of course, it is two City elections. In 1969 there were 224,854 this last likelihood that worries me person­ VOTER REGISTRATION ACT registered voters. In 1971 there were 226,068 ally. I will grant my neighbor the constitu­ tional right to run a greater risk of acciden­ registered voters. On November 8, 1973 there tally. killing himself than of having it done were 254,501 registered voters. This dramatic HON. DONALD M. FRASER rise in total registrations demonstrated the for him by our hypothetical prowler in the OF MINNESOTA night. But the risk of my losing my life is validity of this new State Law and its im­ astonishingly higher. My greatest danger of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES pact on voter participation. dying of an unnatural cause off the highway Wednesday, February 13, 1974 2. Fraudulent Post Carel Registrations-We comes from inadvertently stepping on my have found no fraudulent registrations by neighbor's marigolds, willfully winking at Mr. FRASER. Mr. Speaker, pos~card mall. his wife, or foolishly arguing gun-control voter registration has worked well in laws .with him. If. it's of any interest to my Texas, Kentucky, and Minnesota, the 3. Administrative Problems With Voter neighbor, the odds of his k111ing himself are only States which have had experience Registrations-We are. now spending more even higher than of his kllling me--lf he with the system. Minnesota's new law time trying to complete the registration cards happens to be subject to fits of depression which have been mailed. By State Law, each about the condition of his flowers, the fidelity was tested in the Minneapolis city elec­ tion last fall. From all reports the law registration card must have five items, which of his wife or the status of his ego after losing are enumerated in the law, completed on the an argument. worked well-more people registered for the election in 1973 than had registered card. However, a number of these cards are NATIONAL DEFENSE mailed incomplete and we are spending more If my neighbor feels safer with a gun under In the prior two city elections. money on overtime for personnel in order to his pillow because of some concern for an in­ I insert the following two letters for complete the cards. On the other hand, we do ternal or external national threat, he has consideration: have a finan:cta.l savings because we no longer even less cause for serenity. We have man­ STATE OF MINNESOTA, have to staff the 15 libraries in the City with aged to kill each other with our guns on an OFFICE OF THE GOVERNOR, registrars prior to the election. Formerly we informal, neighborly basis with far greater St. Pa'lll, February 1, 1974. staffed at least 15 places with one person for efficiency than all our organized enemies in Hon. DONALD M. FRASER, this nation's glorious war history. In that House Office Building, a period of two weeks at the cost of $20.00 per regard we exceed by more than 30 times our Washington, D.C. day. There is one other administrative prob- closest national rival in the developed world. DEAR CONGRESSMAN: I write to urge your lem which takes added time. In the past, a My neighbor should not be obsessed with the strong support for ·H.R. 8053, which creates person filled out a card which was mailed to likelihood of fighting foreign enemies house­ a nationwide system of postcard voter reg- the previous registration address informing to-house with a Saturday-night special, as istration. the registrar that the person had changed his romantic as that notion might seem to him. Minnesota has had some very useful ex- registration. Under the new law, we now use He should rather talte comfort in the thought perience with such a system as a resul"t of our clerks to fill out a specified form to send that his country is a really Big Neighbor who a 1973 state law that provides for both post- carries really Big Guns. My neighbor's pea­ card and election day registration. Out pro- to the municipality in which the registrant shooter wm be superfluous to the contin­ gram went into effect last August 31. Between was previously registered. One other very gencies we have planned for a foreign enemy that date and the end of the year, a total minor problem is that campaign workers hold who gets close enough to set foot on our soil. of 11,152 people in the City of Minneapolis registration cards until the last day, and we Perhaps, on the other hand, my neighbor had registered by mail. Of this number, no a.re forced to assume overtime costs to process needs reassurance about his constitutional fraudulent registrations have been found. these cards during the 20-day cut off period right to mount his horse with gun-carrying The true impact of this law is suggested prior to the election. This problem can be neighbors and march on the White House to by the increase in Minneapolis voter re.gistra- eliminated. by cooperation with the candi~ wrest power back from the hands of a mo­ tion during recent elections. In 1973, there dates, which I believe we can secure. narchical President with visions of a. corona­ were 28,433-or 12.6 percent-more registered All in all, post card registration ~or the tion. Our country has neither the history, voters than in 1971. By contrast, in 1971 there November City election in Minneapolis has temperament or political structure to make were only 1,214 more voters than in 1969-an been· recognized by officials and voters alike guerrilla. warfare a viable alternative in the increase of just .6 percent. Clearly, our new -as a tremendously successful p·rogram. The foreseeable future. We don't even have' the ·1aw has· had a significant effect on· voter geography any longer: the only possible registration. Not only is this new system problems that.we have experienced with post­ stages on which that constitutional drama more oonvenient for the voters, · it has also ·. card registrations are administrative and can could be played out have long since been resulted in financial savings, as the City no .be · dealt with effectively and·· inexpensively. made into National Parks. Should it come to longer ·has to staff its fifteen libraries with We believe that post card registration now that, the IRA or Black September will for­ registra1·s several weeks prior to an election. . provides a vehicle for those residents to regis- ward my neighbor the appropriate handbooks The right to vote ls the most important ter and vote who in the past might not have on the extraleg~l amassing of arms. He could single right our citizens have. Registration-by voted either through neglect or physical in­ readily run his own gun and ammunition mail is the best way to extend this right to capacitation. In any event, the number of factory with a good furnace, scrap metal, all our people. It is especially helpful to the registrations for the p.ast election is up some discrete mining, and formulas found handicapped, senior citizens, the hospitalized, sharply from previous City elections. we feel in any high-school chemistry book. those with demanding work schedules, and that the stronger the participation in polls Like most beliefs, my neighbor's concern those who are inadequately served by public the stronger and more viable community we has a real basis in fact. He does indeed have transportation. have. good reason to worry about his safety at Again, I urge your strong support for H.R. night. With all of us now armed, we are the 8053 to extend to more Americans their basic If I can be of any more assistance to yon first nation to move into the realm of intra.­ right to participate in their government in this matter, please contact me. national overkill: if the only answer to my through voting. Sincerely, concerns about a neighbor's potential armed Sincerely, JoHN E. DERus, aggi·e~sion is to acquire a gun, then my only WENDELL R. ANDERSON. Alclerman, Fourt1i Ward. February 13, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REM:.ARKS . 3039 CREDIT POLICY AND AMERICAN­ Soviet air force, defected to the United Sino-Soviet affairs was valuable. His devo­ .SOVIET TRADE -· States. For all he knew about this country tion to the cause of Israel made him some­ before his arrival, he might have been emi­ thing of an expert on Mideast affairs, too. grating to the moon. His own testimony before a congressional HON. THOMAS L. ASHLEY The opportunity to defect presented itself committee inspired legislation forgiving his unexpectedly. Assigned to flying missions in illegal entry from Canada and permitting him OF Roumania and France after the armistice, he to apply for U.S. citizenship, which was later IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES was riding as a passenger in a transport plane granted by a federal judge in New York over Wednesday, February 13, 1974 east bound from Paris when it became ap­ the objection of the Immigration Service, parent that a crash was imminent. He and a which, during t he McCarthy era, was wary Mr. ASHLEY. Mr. Speaker, on Janu­ comrade parachuted. They were the only sur­ of any former Komsomol member. uacy 22 there was introduced by my able vivors and they felt sure, military records The vagaries of the American political cli­ colleague from Missomi Wer. that after years of subjugation by the cellent service to the public in Pennsyl­ Soviet Union. Lithuania has finally been vania and in particular in the district granted "privileges" which we consider to which I am privileged to serve in this be rights. including the freedom to pur­ body. I took occasion recently to testify sue artistic endeavors, disseminate liter­ before the Federal Communications ANNUAL LITHUANIAN FREEDOM OBSERVANCE DAY ature, and organize into community Commission in support of relaxation of groups such as our study clubs, YMCA's, restrictions on pay-telecasting. I pointed and senior citizen groups, not to mention, out that cable television began in Penn· HON. RAY J. MADDEN of course, church organizations. Unfor­ sylvania-23 years ago-and that the 01' INDIANA tunately. I will not be able to make such experience in my State provides elo­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a grandiose pronouncement. Instead, I quent evidence that any service that Wednesday, Februa.ry 13, 1974 will have to rePort to these people, many provides an additional option for enter­ of whom have relatives living in Lithu­ tainment or education of the people in Mr. MADDEN. Mr. Speaker, next Sun­ ania, that not much progress is being my district or in the entire country day the Lithuanian Americans of Lake made in the achievement of true inde­ should be viewed as desirable. County, Ind., will hold their annual cele­ pendence. But I will tell them that some Any action to foreclose those options bration and ceremony commemorating of us he1·e in Congress are "chipping and limit the availability of additional Lithuanian independence. away" at the strong wall of protection services to the people should be viewed The people of Lithuania, over the cen­ built around Lithuania by the Soviet as undesirable and condemned as back­ turies. have enjoyed long periods of self­ Union. ward thinking. government and freedom. In the year At the invitation of the Honorable It is, therefore, my conviction that A.D. 1215, Lithuania established its na­ ROBERT P. HANRAHAN of Illinois, several anything which throws further light on tional and international identity as an of us have joined in the introduction of · the potential of this valuable medium of integral nation whose history has been House Concurrent Resolution 422 ex­ education and entertainment should be world recognized for seven centuries. pressing the sense of Congress that the· made available as broadly as possible . . The nationalistic character of its peo­ President inform the United Nations, Accordingly, I _am pleased to call to the ple, by reason of their adherence to reP­ and that the Secretary of ·State infomi attention of this body excerpts from the resentative government and religious the Soviet Union, of our concern with the very enlightened and revealing remarks devotion, stamps Lithuanians with world imprisonment of Simas Kudirka. of Carl J. Bradshaw, group vice presi­ respect and honor. Although much of As you may remember, Simas is the dent, CATV /Security, of Oak Industries, their history has been dominated by young Lithuanian seaman who attempted· Inc., of Crystal Lake, Ill., at a recent Powerful, militaristic neighbors, never­ to ·seek asylum in our country while his fo1·um on Pay TV. Mr. Bradshaw's firm theless, the Lithuanian people have ship was moored near a U.S. Coast Guard is a leading producer of electronic equip­ maintained their language and culture vessel in our territorial waters. After be­ ment for the industry. Here is part of and their everlasting desire for inde­ ing forcibly seized from the Coast Guard what he said: pendence. vessel, he was imprisoned in the Soviet Pay television has the potential of be· Ltihuania. after the First World War, Union. At that time the event made front coming a new industry with great economic established its independence and en­ and social ra.m1ftcat1ons-one which, if al­ page newspaper coverage, and Americans lowed to develop on the basts of classic sup­ joyed liberty for almost a quarter of a were aghast at the :flagrant violation of ply in response to demand, offers the Amer­ century. The experience of Lithuania is human rights. However, diplomacy die- . ican public the only visible escape from the a lesson to all other nations as a demon­ tated that we accept the actions of the present pattern of sameness and non-choice stration of its desire for freedom and Soviet Union. Now, that country has gone in viewing-an oasis in the vast wasteland. self-government. so far as to ban any news regardjng Thus, opposition of vested interests advanc­ Until all nations similar to Lithuania, Simas' welfare. For the peace of mind ing spurious contentions regarding some sup­ now being dominated by communistic of his own family, and those of us here posed public benefit in retarding progress, tyranny, can enjoy real peace and free­ in America, we urge the Soviet Union, if must not be allowed to prevail. will It ls certainly time that we-and not only dom, the world always be confronted it cannot authorize the release of Simas, we but the public as well-understand what with the problem of maintaining global at lea.st release information regarding his this new industry is going to offer, and what peace. And it is the earnest hope of the welfare. will be lost for the foreseeable future to the Lithuanian people, along with all Ameri­ In the meantime, I will be suggesting public if it ls allowed to be drowned in the cans who cherish freedom, that we co­ to my constituents that they encourage tide ot self-righteous and se1f-se1·ving opposi­ operate in demanding an end to tyranny. their friends and relatives in Lithuania tion which now surrounds it- It is to the everlasting credit of the to keep their hopes high, as best they can Perha.ps what I have been saying, in es­ U.S. Government that it will continue sence, fs that tt we approach this enormous under the circumstances, and to continue potential one· sound step at a. time, while to exert its firm and unwavering posi­ "chipping· away"' from their side to er.ode always being willing to make a prudent com­ tion of nonrecognition of Soviet occu­ the barrier constructed by the Soviet promise of short term gain and long term pation and annexation of Lithuania. Ty­ Union. Other Eastern European coun­ potential, we shall indeed see the realization rants in world history have not perma- tries, such as Hungary and Poland, have February 13, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3041 gained a modicum of freedom and indi­ "What I would like to know," she added. in the conference and also to express my "is what you're going to do about it." deep appreciation to all the persons and vidual rights. The process is slow and The congressman promised to call the mat­ organizations who worked with my office discouraging and often frightening, as ter to the attention of the New England Con­ to make this conference possible. can be attested to by Czechoslovakians, gressional Caucus next week. I want to express special thanks to Dean but it is the best method at this time. "From that point, I propose to bring your Thomas Bergin of the Center for Continuing Therefore, I hope Lithuanians will con­ appeal to the Cost of Living Council," Moak­ Education, and to his very able aide, Monica tinue to practice their own culture, en­ ley said. Jeffers, for their generous and expert assist­ courage their youngsters in music and "I will do everything in my power to help ance in making arrangements for the con­ literature, and to give each other the sup­ keep down the price of bread which, as so ference. many of you housewives have so aptly de­ And I want to extend my appreciation, too, port needed in an oppressive environ­ scribed it, is the staff of life." to the many chambers of commerce, labor ment. Through incremental gains, often Bertram Walker, coordinator of the neigh­ organizations, and individuals whose co­ seemingly trite or unimportant, Lith­ borhood board, pointed out that a loaf of sponsorshlp and advice was essential to uania can approach the standard of free­ bread costs twice as much today as it did 10 bringing this meeting about. dom it once knew and now strives to ago. And finally, before going further, I would attain on a permanent basis. "We are convinced that prices will rise like to take a moment to recall the excep­ sharply in the coming months unless there is tional diligence and imagination which were a public outcry for congressional action. Are brought to Indiana's energy conservation we correct in taking this stand?" he asked program by the late Robert Morris of our Moakley. State Department of Commerce. Bob Morris MOAKLEY BLAMES NIXON FOR Replied the congressman: "That's your an­ came to be well known here and elsewhere BREAD SHORTAGE swer-you have it; keep putting pressure on in Indiana for his forthright and vigorous your senators and representatives in Wash­ efforts to insure that the energy needs of ington. Bombard them with letters and tele­ the people of our state were fairly consid­ HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON grams; make telephone calls, visit them in ered. I know we all here were saddened by OF their home-state offices. his tragic death a few weeks ago. We are all here because we recognize that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "The Congress needs that external stimuli, we truly want to hear the voice of the people. energy shortages, present and potential, pose Wednesday, February 13, 1974 Now, if ever. ls the time for you to speak unprecedented challenges to the economy and well-being of our country and our area. Mr. HARRINGTON. Mr. Speaker, my up," Moakley said. In 1963 the average price of a one-pound Gasoline and fuel oil shortages, uncer­ colleague from Massachusetts

Topics and s~akers are follows: Black Im- THURSDAY, FEB. 21 Dance-Film Screenings and Dl..Scusslons. 1nigratton tnto the u.s .• Dr. Roy s. Bryce· Creative Screen: Symphontes in Expres· Wit h George Gelles, dance critic, Washing­ Laporte. former Director, Afro-American swn; Symphony of the Seasons. Repeat. See ton Star-News. Screenings: Edward Villella., Studies, Yale University and currently with February 1 for details. ; Paul Taylor Dance t 11e Smithsonian Institution: Identif!ling a Company; the company of the late Jose Li· l'Yiinority C1tlture in a Majority Society. FRIDAY, FEB. 22 THROUGH FEB. 25 mon. .Mime artist Gary Glover will perform James Gibson, Chairman, District Bicenten· Bach's Clavieruebung. Parts I-IV. James and discuss his art form. Feb. ll, 18 and 25. nial Commission; Struggle for Political Weaver, harpsichordist and organist, presents 8 p.m., History and Technology Building. $16 Le1:erage, Barbara. Simmons, Member at four evenings of concerts. Sponsored by the series; $12 Associates. Large, D.C. School Board. 8 p.m., History and Divisions of Musical Instruments and Per· The Citizen: Power and/ or Powerlessness. 'I'echnology Building Auditorium. Free­ forming Arts. The program schedule is as Feb. 4-The Citizen and Crime, Patrick Mur· Tickets Required. Call 381-5157. follows: Feb. 22 and 23-Books I and II, Par­ phy, President, Police Foundation; Feb. 11- Museum Lecture: From Natural History to ·titas, French Overture, Italian Concerto, The Citizen and Consumerism, Virginia Biology: The Growth of a Sctence. Speaker; 8:30 p.m., Hall of Musical Instruments, His­ Knauer, Special Assistant to the President Audrey B. Davis, Associate Curator, Medical tory and Technolo!:n' Building. Feb. 24-Book for Consumer Affairs; Feb. 18-The Citizen Sciences, 12:30 p.m., History and Technology III. The Organ Mass. 8:30 p.m. All Souls and the Media, Robert Maynard, The Wash· Building Auditorium. Unitarian Church, 16th and Harvard Streets, ington Post; Feb. 25-The Citizen and His N.W. Feb. 25-Book IV. The Goldberg Vari&.• Environment, Russell Peterson, Chairman, WEDNESDAY, FEB. 13 tions, 8:30 p.m., Hall of Musical Instruments. Council on Environmental Quality. 8: 10 p.m., American Aviation Historical Society: All four programs included in one ticket History and Technology Building. $7 each Monthly meeting. 8 p.m., National Air and price: $3.50 general, $1 students and senior lecture; $5 Associates. Space Museum. The public is welcome to citizens and $3 Associates. For reservations Giants of Contemporary Architecture. Feb. attend. call 381-5395. 0--Saarinen and Roche, Allan Temko, Prof. ot F RIDAY, FEB. 15 SATURDAY, F EB. 23 Art, California State University; Feb. 12- Le Corbusier and. His Influence on Contem· Exhibition: The Prints and Drawings of Mime for Children: Archaesus Productions, porary Architects, Richard Meier, New York Herman Webster. Some 70 drawings, water· under the direction of Robert White, Jr., colors and prints by American expatriate architect; Feb. 19-The Archi tecture of Louis performs classical mime in addition to short Kahn, by Louis Kahn; Feb. 26-Philip Joh1i­ artist Herman Webster (1878-1970), reveal· playlets. 2 p.m., Baird Auditorium, Natural ing his interest and skill in portraying ro­ History Building. $3 general $2 Associates. son and his Antecedents, Robert M. Stern, mantic Europe through New World eyes. Sponsored by the Smithsonian Resident As· architect and author. 8: 10, Natural History Works include drypoints, handcolored etch· sociates. Call 381-5157 for ticket informa· Building. $8 each lecture; $6 Associates. ings, pen and ink, and pencil, and such sub· tion. DE ?.: ONSTRAT!ONS-MUSEUM OF HISTORY AND jects as streets and churches in Venice, parks SUNDAY, FEB. 24 TECHNOLOGY in Paris, gypsy camps in Spain, chateau Sunday shorts: Solo, Mike Hoover: Behind Spinning ana Weaving-Tuesday through dungeons and cathedral interiors. National the Scenes, Mike Hoover; Pigslcin Capers, Thursday, 10 a.m.-2 p.m. 1st floor, and Sun· Collection of Fine Arts, through April 28. The Marx Brothers; Corrida Interdite, Denys day, Feb. 10 and 24, 1-4 p.m. SUNDAY, F EB. 17 de Da.unant; Games of Angels, Walerian Bor· Printing and Typefounding: Monday, Tues­ Sunday Shorts: The Barber Shop, W.C. owczyk; Lapis, James Whitney. Short films day, Thursday, Friday, 2·4 p.m., 3rd floor. Fields; Natural Habitat, Ralph Arlyck; Bou­ selected for both adults and teenagers. 3 p.m., Musical Instruments. A selection of 18th quet, Ken Rudolph; Cream of Beatles, History and Technology Building auditorium. and 19th century instruments, and American Charles Braverman; Portrait of a Horse, $1.25 general, $1 students; $.75 Associates. folk instruments, Hall of Musical Instru· Witold Gierz; Chicken Soup, Carousel films. Sponsored by the Smithsonian Resident As· ments, 3rd floor, 1:30 p.m., Mondays and Fri· Short films selected for both adults and sociates. Call 381-5157. days-keyboard; Wednesdays-lute and teenagers. 3 p.m., History and Technology MONDAY, FEB. 25 guitar; Thursdays.:_folk. Building auditorium. $1.25 general, $1 stu­ Lecture: Environmental Design and the REHABILITATION M E_DICINE FILMS AND dents; $.1'5 Associates. Sponsored by the Federal Government. Michael Straight, Dep· LECTURE . Smithsonian Resident Associat es. Call 381- uty Chairman of the National Endowment Shown each Friday at 12:30 p.m., History 5157. for the Arts, discusses how the Endowment and Technology Building auditorium, in con­ Jazz Heritage Concert: has come to view design as a. principal art nection mth the current exhibition: Qu.artet. A free workshop will be conducted form and, in turn, has become a major na· Triumphing Over Disabi11ty-200 yea.rs of at 4:30 p.m.; History and Technology Build· tional design resource. 8 p.m., The Renwick Rehabilitation Medicine in the United States. Ing. Concert begins 8 p.m., Baird Auditorium, Gallery. Co-sponsored by the Renwick Gal· Feb. 1-20th Century Epidemic, Washing~ Natll;ral History Building, $4.50 general, lery and the American Institute of Planners. ton Heart Association; Toward Tomorrow, $8.50 students and senio1• citizens, $4 As· sociates. For reservations call 381-5395. TUESDAY, F EB. 26 Goodwill Industries; · Can You ·Hear Me?, Museum Lecture: Restoration of the Harlan John Tracy Clinic. MO~D..i\Y, FEB. 18 and Hollingsworth Engine. Speaker: William Feb. 8-Rheumatic · Hea.rt Disease and Audubon Lecture: Sp1ing Pageant of Wild· K. Henson, Supervisor, Technical Laboratory, Common Heart Disorders, Washington Heart flowers tn the Potomac Valley. Lecturer: Department of Science and Technology. 12:30 Association; Reach Into Silence, University Stanwyn Shetler, Associate Curator, Depart· p.m., History and Technology Building Au· of .. ment of Botany Smithsonian Institution. ditori um. Feb. 15-Lecture: Triumphing Over Dis· Mr. Shetler will use color slides to illustrate THURSDAY, FEB. 28 ability, by Dr. Audrey B. Davis, Curator, Di­ his lecture and examine the relationship be· National Capital Shell Club: Monthly vision of Medical Sciences. tween birds and wildflowers. 5:30 and 8:30 meeting and program. 8 p.m., Room 43, Nat· Feb. 22-0ne Fine Day, Washington Heart p.m., Baird Auditorium, Natural History ural History Building. The public is welcome Association; Help for Mark, Appleton-Cen· Building. Co-sponsored by the Smithsonian to attend. tury Croft; The Person Within, Clark School Resident Associates and the Audubon Nat· Lecture: Art in the Pacific Northwest. !or the Deaf. · uralist Society. $2.50 general, $1.50 mem­ Joshua C. Taylor, Director of the Smithson­ Dial-A-Museum-737-8811 for daily an­ bers. Children $1.50 and $1. Call 381-5157 ian's National Collection of Fine Arts, will nouncements on new eXhibits and special for reservation information. discuss the issues raised by the current ex· events. · Concert: A Concert for George Washing· hibition on Pacific Northwest a.rt. 12 :30 p.m., Dial-A-Phenomenon-737- 8855 for weekly. t on's B irthday: The Music of Claude Debussy. Lecture Hall, National Collection of Fine Arts. anno'\lncements on stars, planets and world­ Seven Air Force musicians and guest harpist OTHER E VENTS wide occurrences of shor t-lived natural Claudia Wijent present an all-Debussy pro· phenomena. · · · gram of vocal t. _1d chamber music. 8 p.m. (Sponsored by the Smit hsonian Resident As· The Ren wick Gallery. Free. sociates Program. For furt her informat ion PIN OCCH IO call 381-5157) Smithsonian Puppet Theatre Begi ns TUESDAY, F EB. 19 Luncheon TalkS: Directors of four major Febru ary .6 Museum Lecture: Women in Polit ics. museums discuss the collections, history and The popular fantasy performed with music Speaker: Edith P. Mayo, Museum Specialist, activities of their respect ive areas: Feb. 7- in commedia style by Allan Stevens and Political History. 12:30 p.m. History and Tom L. Freudenheim, Baltimore Museum of Company, using 15 rod puppets and four Technology Building Auditorium. Art; Feb. 21-Brooke Hindle, Museum of Ris­ puppeteers. The ·new production 'Was created WE~NESDAY, FEB. 20 tory and Technology; Mar. 14-Roy Slade, by -·Allan Stevens and Vera Hughes, and ls Lunchbox Forum: AirsMp3 in the Space Corcoran Gallery of Art; Mar. 28--Michael presented by the Division of Pel'forming Arts. Age. Informal d1scusston led by Kurt ·stebl· Collins, National Air & Space Museum. Serles Wednesday through Friday, 10:30 and 11:30: ing 12 noo:q, Room 449, Smithsonian In­ or individual tickets available. Admission in­ Saturday and Sunday, ll a.m., 12:30 and 2:30 stitution "Castle" Building. cludes cocktails and buffet. p.m.· Admission-$1.25. Discounts are avail· Feb1vuary 13, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3049 able for groups or members of the Smithson­ century physics "the greatest achievement sonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 205~0. ian Associates. Arts and Industries Building. of human imagination." Channel Islands, Calif.: April 15-22, .1974. Call 381-5395 for reservations. Feb. 13, 14, 16.-Knowledge or· Certainty. Fiesta,· San Antonio, Texas: April 21-28, 1974. HOURS Dr. Bronowslri's personal statement on the moral dilemma of today's scientists, con­ Boston Art and Architecture: June 21-24, 011en 7 days a week trasting humanist tradition in science with 1974. Arts and Industries Building, Freer Gallery some inhuman results. of Art, National Collection of Fine Arts, Na­ Feb. 20, 21, 23-Generation Upon Genera­ tional Air and Space Museum, National Mu­ tion. The complex code of human inherit­ THE COAST GUARD STACKS ITS seum of History and Technology, National ance shown in the experiments of · pioneer OFFSHORE ADVISORY COMMITTEE Museum of Natural History, National Por­ geneticist Gregor Mendel and the discoveries trait Gallery, The Renwick Gallery, Smith­ of modern laboratories. sonian Institution Building-10 a.m.-5:30 Final Film--Special Schedule: The Long HON. DAVID R. OBEY p.m. Childhood. Anacostia Neighborhood Museum-10 a.m.- Feb. 24-2 p.m. Interdepartmental Audi­ OF WISCONSIN 6 p.m. Monday through ·Friday; 1-6 p.m. torium, 14th and Constitut ion Ave., N.W. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES weekends. No tickets required-1200 seating capacity. Wednesday, February 13, 1974 National Zoo Buildings-9 a.m.-4:30 p .m. Feb. 27-8:30 p.m. Natural History Build­ EXPERIMENTARIUM ing. Tickets required and will be available Mr. OBEY. Mr. Speaker, writing in Feb. 23, Great Hall Reception Center, Smith­ the Observations column of the National National Air and Space Museum sonian Institution Castle Building. Observer for the week ending Febru­ New Born Babe-a demonstration show Dr. Bronowski will be present at these two ary 9, August Gribbin suggests that the that introduces the spacea.rium concept. In­ showings to introduce the film and be avail­ Conunandant of the Coast Guard has cluded in the program is a simulated Apollo able for a question period following the launch, a look at the different colors of stars, screening. "blundered badly" in naming a 17-mem­ a description of pulsars and an imaginary Feb. 27-hourly from 10: 30 a.m., last show­ ber National Offshore Operations Advi­ closeup look at a quasar on the edge of the ing 3:30 p.m., History and Technology sory Committee composed entirely of universe. Tuesdays through Fridays, 4:30 Building Auditorium. 5:30 p.m., Natural His­ representatives from the offshore drill­ p.m.; Saturdays and Sundays, 11 a.m., 12 tory Building. ing industry. noon, 1, 2, 3 and 4 p.m. To verify schedule Feb. 28--hourly 10:30 a.m.-3:30 p.m. Mr. Gribbin spells it out: call 381-6242. History anti Technology Building Audito­ First. The Coast Guard enforces safety MUSEUM TOURS rium. and antipallution laws and regulations Museum of History and Technology OTHER RECENTLY OPENED AREAS and, consequently, guards our ecological Highlights: Weekdays, 10:30 and 11:30 Explore Gallery, National Collection of interest. a.m., 1:30 p.m. Weekends, ::.o:30 a.m., 12 Fine Arts. A special room designed for chil­ dren with bright colors, contrasting textures, Second. Increased offshore drilling ac­ noon, 1:30 and 3 p.m. tivity will increase the possibility, if not First Ladies' Gowns: Monday-Friday, 10:30 shapes and sounds. Included are movable and 11:30 a.m. sculptures, photographic blowups, environ­ the probability, of more and more dam­ 200 Years of Needlework: Tuesdays only, mental sounds and a "portrait gallery" with aging oil spills that will affect greater 10: 15 a.m. Begins at the Star-Spangled Ban­ a funhouse mirror for instant self-portraits. numbers of recreational areas and fish­ ner exhibit. 10 a.m.-5 :30 p.m., 7 days a week. ing grounds. American Masters. Hall of Photography, Museum of Natural History Third. Membership on the advisory Museum of History and Technology. More panel need not be limited to industry Highlights: weekdays, 10:30 a.m., 12 noon than fifty recently acquired works by major (noon tour may be delayed) American photographers Ansel Adams, Lis­ representatives, and, "Indeed, it might Renwick Gallery. the Smithsonian's design ette Model, Laszlo Moholy-Nagy, Minor seem less than prudent to have as prin­ and crafts museum: Shaker furniture exhibi­ White, Aaron Siskind, Harry Callahan, Jerry cipal advisers the people to be policed." tion-tours for groups of 10 or more, on a Uelsmann, Lee Friedlander, Wynn Bullock, Fourth. Yet 13 of the 17 conunittee pre-arranged basis. Through April 7. Call Gyorgy Kepes, Paul Caponigro and Diane members come from oil companies, two 381-6541 for scheduling. Arbus. Through May 26. from oil well drilling companies, and two VOLUNTEER DOCENTS NEEDED Anatomy of a Gallop. Division of Graphic from charter ship and charter helicopter Arts, Museum of History and Technology. companies doing all or practically all of National Collection of Fine Arts and the Lithographs of Currier and Ives and photo­ Renwiclt Gallery-training for participation graphs of Eadweard Muybridge contrast the their business with the rig owners. in the innovative programs of either mu­ movements of animals and man as they were As Mr. Gribbin says, the Coast Guard seum will include lectures in the history of captured by the artist, and the reality of has "an important job" to do-and the art and art appreciation in May and formal photography. Through April. offshore drilling industry is not the only training in September. Deadline for appli­ Restaurant. National Collection of Fine sector with an interest in how that job cations: March 15. Call Nora Panzer, 381- Arts. Open seven days a week from 10 a.m. is done. 6541, for further information. to 3 p.m., and serving soups, salads, sand­ The Coast Guard's advisers should in­ · National Museum of Natural History or wiches, fruits, pastries and ".>everages. clude persons who want to protect the National Museum of History and Technol­ RADIO SMITHSONIAN offshore environment as well as those ogy-training begins in March. Call Magda Radio Smithsonian, a program of music who want to exploit it. Without that kind Schremp, 381-6471, for further information. and conversation growing out of the Institu­ of balance, the Government cannot ex­ Deadline: March 1. tion's many activities, is broadcast every pect much public support for off shore ASCENT OF MAN Sunday on WGMS-AM (570) and FM (103.5) drilling. To appoint a stacked pro-in­ BBC-TV and Time-Life Films se1·ies pre­ from 9-9:30 p.m. The program schedule for February: dustry advisory committee can only in­ sents Dr. Jacob Bronowski and his personal 3rd-Concert, featuring the Western Wind crease public suspicion about hand-in­ views of the history of man and science. The and the Paul Hill Chorale performing music glove relationships between Government final four programs will be featured in of America. and the oil industry, not decrease it. February, one each week, on the following 10th-Mayans and the Supernatural. Pro­ I should like to include the item by schedule: fesssor Michael Coe of Yale Univen:'ty dis­ Wednesday and Thursday, 10:30, 11:30, cusses the spiritual world of the ancient in­ Mr. Gribbin, headed "Advice From the 12:30, 1:30, 2:30 and 3:30 p.m., History and habitants of Mexico. Americans in Self­ Experts," and a notice from the Federal Technology Building. Portrait. A talk with the noted American Register of January 18 announcing a Saturday: 12:30, 1:30, 2:30 and 3:30 p.m., art critic Alfred Frankenstein. meeting of this advisory committee: Natural History Building; (Feb. 23-History 17th-Cajun Music Today. The Balfa ADVICE FROM THE EXPERTS and Technology Bldg.) Brothers of Louisiana perform their special Evening Showings (tickets required)­ style of Cajun music, in concert at the It's· just good common sense: If you've a Wednesday 5:30 and 8 p.m. Tickets may be Smithsonian. job to do and wish to do it correctly, have experts advise you. Certainly the comman­ 24th-Genetics: !Jeyond DNA. Biologist picked up, in person, at the Great Hall, dant of the Coast Guard has followed the Smithsonian Institution "Castle" Building James Dewey Watson, discoverer of DNA, de­ axiom-and I believe he has blundered badly. beginning the Saturday preceding the eve­ scribes the background of his discovery and The Coast Guard regulates offshore oil­ the new challenge of genetics research. ning show. The schedule for February is as drilling operations. Along with routinely li­ follows: DOMESTIC STUDY TOURS censing drilling-vessel crews and safeguard­ Feb, 6, 'I, 9-World Within World. The his- For information on the following tours. ing navigation around rigs, the Coast Guard 1ory of the men and ideas that made 20th contact Mrs. Howe, Room 106-SI, Smith- enforces safety and antipollution la.ws and 3050 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 13, 1974 regulations. Consequently, the Coast Guard SINAI PENINSULA The northern coastal region is desert. A few guards our ecological interest. fishing villages, now occupied by Israell para­ It's an important job. And it's becoming military groups, nestle among the sand increasingly important now that oil com­ HON. CLARENCE D. LONG dunes on the Mediterranean Sea. panies are winning permission to drill off the South of this barren area, a chain of eroded East Coast and in new areas of the West and OF ?.URYLANJ> mountains paralleling and er.st of the Suez Gulf coasts, thus increasing the possibility, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Canal have, from time immemorial, protected if not the probability, of more and more Wednesday, February 13, 1914 central Sinai from military invasion. There damaging oil spills that will affect greater are, however, three passes through the numbers of recreational areas and fishing Mr. LONG of Maryland. Mr. Speaker, mountain range that permit the passage of grounds. the Sinai Peninsula will play an impor­ troops and armor. The most famous, the For guidance in its antipollution and tant role in the Arab-Israeli peace ne­ Mitla Pass, is due east of the city of Suez, safety regulating, the Coast Guard relies on gotiations at Geneva. I should like to and the Israeli occupiers of the Sinai con­ a 17-member group called the National Off­ template a long stay there after thir canal shore Operations Industry Advisory Commit­ enter into the RECORD an article by Stan­ pullback. tee. According to Coast Guard officials the ley Blumberg which appeared in the Bal­ Before the Six Day War, an Italian group group needn't be limited to industry repre­ timore Evening Sun, January 23, 1974, prospected for and found oil in the southern sentatives. Indeed, it might seem less than pointing out the economic potential of a section of the Gulf of Suez. The war inflicted prudent to have as principal advisers the land often thought of as just desert. Iittle damage to the oil rigs, tanks and other people to be policed. THE SINAI: A BIG, EMPTY BAG EVERYONE facilities and when the fighting subsided, Yet Adm. Chester R. Bender, the Coast WANTS To GET HIS HANDS INTO production continued. The only change was a Guard commandant, has announced that he (By Stanley Blumberg) partial transfer of ownership. The wells on has appointed a. new committee. It's to be the east side of the Gulf were placed under chaired by 's George Mott. All of its The retention of the Sinai peninsula 1s Israeli control and the Egyptians retained members come from the offshore-drilling in­ considered by the Israelis to be essential to guardianship over the west bank wells. The dustry. Thirteen of the 17 committee mem­ their national defense. They argue-and Italian group agreed to accept a 50 per cent bers come from oil companies, two from oil­ with apparent justifi.ca.tion, considering that share in the oil wells. Up until the beginning well drilling companies, and two from the Egyptians unilaterally broke the Suez of the Yom Kippur War this arrangement charter ship and charter helicopter com­ cease-fire line last fall-that the Arabs can­ worked well. Not a shot was fired by either panies doing all or practically all of their not be trusted. And so, the Israeli negotia­ side in anger. Israel is still pumping oil from business with the rig owners. tors are certain to argue at Geneva, this its fields on the east bank of the Gulf of Now all we need is a similar group to ad­ barrier of sand and mountains must remain Suez. vise about coastal defense and cutter patrol il1 Israeli hands. According to some sources, the Israelis operations. The Coast Guard could appoint An odd ambivalance on this point prevails .were under outside pressure during this pe­ experts from, say, Poland, East Germany, among the Egyptians. President Sadat views riod between the wars not to expand their China, Albania, and Russia. They have an the Sinai as Egyptian territory and can't tol­ fields by additional prospecting. The Italians interest in our defenses. So doesn't that erate its occupation by foreign forces. His were satisfied to restrict their output to 5.5 make good common sense?-Aiigust Gribbin. predece£Sor President Abdul Nasser, in con­ million tons per year-about a million tons trast, did not agree that Sinai was part of less than Israeli pre-war annual require­ {Department of Transportation-Coast Egypt. This he made clear in a speech to ments. After all, they also had the concession Guard-CGD 741511 Egyptian airmen as recently as May, 1967. on the Egyptian side of the gulf and did not Recounting events preceding the Sinai war wish to antagonize Sadat. Israelis, such as NATIONAL OFFSHORE OPERATIONS INPUSTRY in 1956, Nasser said: "On October 31, the APVISORY COMMITTEE Mordecai Friedman, former manager of Neti­ Anglo-French attack on us began. The air vei Neft (an Israeli oil company), believe PUBLIC MEETING raids began at sunset on October 31. At the the reserves along both sides of the gult have This is to give notice pursuant to Pub. L. sa.me time all our forces in Sinai were witl1- a potential yield of one million tons of oil 92-463, sec. lO(a), approved October 6, 1972, drawn completely to inside Egypt." per day. Many geologists consider this fore­ that the National Offshore Operations Indus­ Was this but a slip of the tongue? Hardly. cast "highly optimistic." try Advisory Committee will conduct an open Nasser was a proud Egyptian ·and looked. Fossil fuels, however, are not the limit of meeting on January 30, 1974, in room 2232, down with scorn on the Bedouin tribes that the Sinai's riches. For the past five years a NASSIF Building, 400 Seventh Street, SW., wandered across this desolate peninsula. In team of Hebrew University geologists, led by Washington, D.C. The meeting is scheduled his view, they were part of the despised Arab Professor Ya'acov Ben-Tor, have carried out tG begin at 8: 30 a.m. and is expected to last nation. That was known to be his position, an exhaustive exploration of the Sinai des­ all day. even though earlier, for political reasons, he ert. Even though all their findings have not The agenda for the meeting will be the had proclaimed that the Egyptians were also been published-some are under secret clas;.. following: Arabs and he was the leader of this Arab sification--enough has been revealed to 1. Call to order. nation. promise profitable mining, providing the de":" 2. Approval of minutes of 11-12 July 1973 These historical arguments will have little posits a.re large enough. meeting. effect on the decision as to who will con­ A sample of ore discovered in the southern 3. Committee organization and future ac· trol both the Sinai and the people who dwell Sinai contains a very high concentration of tivity. on it, if Henry Kissinger's grand design for the very valuable non-ferrous metal, tung­ 4. Personnel. "peace" is implemented. He had frequently sten, used in making steel alloy. In addition 5. Vessel safety. asserted that Israel must withdraw from ter­ to tungsten the ore contains commercially 6. Vessel admeasurement. ritories it captured from the Arabs in the valuable concentrations of two other prized 7. Fixed structure safety. la.st two wars. Its security, however, will have non-ferrous metals, copper and molybdenum. 8. Portable tanks. to be assured by the Arabs, perhaps with rfungsten is highly profitable to mine even 9. Occupational Safety and Health Act. "outside guarantees." In other words, the when found in ore containing only one-half 10. Law of the Sea. Egyptians would resume their stewardship of of one per cent. The ore in the Sinai contains 11. Environmental matters. the Sinai and the Gaza strip. And so the question arises: apart from strategic value, between one and two per cent of tungsten. 12. Manned Subsea operations. According to tests made in the Technion 13. Miscellaneous. what is the Sinai really worth in concrete terms? laboratory, it is a simple process to extract 14. Adjournment. the three elements from the ore. But this is The National Offshore Operations Indus· The Sinai~s potential for development has become apparent since the Six Day War. Un­ only a promise for the future. Currently, the try Advisory Committee was chartered on Israelis are opera.ting a large scale mag­ August 15, 1973, by the Commandant of the fortunately, because of political uncertain­ ties, its mineral wealth has not been har­ nesium mine in southern Sinai. Again, for Coast Guard to advise the Marine Safety security reasons, the tonnage of the ore be­ Council on a variety of matters concerning vested. Even more distressing, in this energy­ safe practices in offshore operations. Publio hungry world, has been the lack of prospect­ ing extracted is not available. members of the Committee serve voluntarily ing for additional sources of oil in the Sinai. And that's not all. Agronomists in Israel without compensation from the Federal Gov· In order to appreciate the o.pportunities for believe that profitable farming on land en­ ernment, either travel or per diem. exploitation of the peninsula's natural re­ compassing vast acreage in the northern Interested persons may seek additional in· sources, a brief geographical description is Sinai awaits only water and dedication. They formation by writing: helpful. point out the growth of agriculture in Ari­ COMMANDANT (G-CMC/82) The Sinai is a triangular mass, bounded on zona made possible by irrigation. U.S. Coast Guard the north for 150 miles by the Mediterranean We are entering a period of American Washington, D.C. 20590 coast. Some 730 miles due south its apex pressure on Israel to yield territory that Dated: January 15, 1974. meets the Red Sea near Sha.rm el Sheikh. Israel considers essential for her national D. H. CLIFTON, It is separated on the west from Egypt by the defense. Most Israelis, at this point, are con­ Captain, U.S. Coast Guard., Acting Chief, Gulf of Suez and its extension, the Suez cerned less with the current and potential Offlce of Merchant Marine Safety. Canal. Its eastern lilnits are the Gulf of riches of the Sinai peninsula. than with stra­ [FR Doc. 74-1507 Filed 1-17-74; 8:45 am] Aqaba and the desert of Israel, the Negev. tegic value. To that extent many of her citl- February 13, 19.74 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 305l zens consider the peace conference soon to At the local, regional and national level, there only aggravate the problems of the current be revitalized, a fraud, a papering-over, a pro­ are strong and rapidly growing demands for seniority system, which ls one of the dom­ posed legal cover for decisions already agreed the development of programs to protect and inant problems pointed to by many ad­ to by Dr. Kissinger and President Sadat. They enhance the natural resource values in each vocates of Congressional reform. Not only remind us that Dr. Kissinger has pledged of these five jurisdictions. Our reasons for would this proposal further entrench the the return by Israel to her pre-1967 bound­ opposing this committee's control over these power of the seniority system over particular aries, including abandonment of the entire five jurisdictions are: jurisdic'tions and programs, but it would also Sinai. They ask whether that is what most (a) Historically, the Agriculture Commit­ lead to the narrowing of members' expertise American senators really want the Secretary tee's predominate focus has been the pro­ and knowledge. Most issues before Congress to do. duction of commodities. Virtually the only are very complex and quite often benefit interest of the committee In public forests from interdisciplinary approaches. A mem­ has been as a commodity source. While this ber's service on two major committees would CONGRESSIONAL REORGANIZATION focus may be acceptable with regard to some more often than not bring valuable expertise AND THE ENVIRONMENT uses of the National Forests it ignores other and insights to solving the problems ad­ legitimate functions, and it is not acceptable dressed by each committee. And, the proposal with regard to parks and wilderness or wild­ penalizes members who desire and are able life programs. This Committee has often op­ to handle more than one committee as­ HON. JOHN D. DINGELL posed proposals for land and wildlife preser­ signment. Allowing two major committee as­ OP MICHIGAN vation despite the fact that agriculture pro­ signments would also have beneficial effects IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES grams affecting land and water resources are in balancing committees where there are an excellent vehicle for services in support of diverse jurisdictions but in which one par­ Wednesday, February 13, 1974 these resources. Removing these five jurisdic­ ticular jurisdiction would dominate another. Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, I have tions from committee control wlll not pre­ The limitation of committee assignments to clude the Committee from developing support one would also penalize issues which are of had the occasion in the past to discuss programs for fish, wildlife, and wilderness. important national concern but for the most some of the less desirable consequences Through farm programs the Committee and part of secondary concern to most constit­ of the activities of the Select Committee USDA wlll have, as they always have had, the uencies. on Committees, and I will no doubt con­ ability to enhance fish, wildlife, and wilder­ We believe that limitation would be better tinue to do so in the future. A careful ness resources without the necessity for for­ set a a maximum of two committee assign­ examination of the merits of the pro­ mally contro111ng these jurisdictions. ments, with limitation set on the number of posal discloses not a great deal of re­ (b) We do not believe that the combina­ subcommittee assignments. The decision to tion of these five jurisdictions together with limit committee assignments should be a deeming social value-at least in those agriculture wlll in the future attract suffi­ matter of individual choice, and many mem­ portions of the proposal which deal with cient members with environmental protec­ bers do this voluntarily already. The prob­ committee structure. tion and preservation interests to this com­ lem of lack of time can be solved through I have recently received a copy of a mittee to offset this committee's inherent other techniques such as: (a) better utiliza­ letter sent to the chairman and mem­ commodity production orientation. Nor tion of the full week from three days to four bers of the Select Committee, and feel would the addition of these five jurisdictions or five; (b) more efficient scheduling of that this letter makes several points result in the desired balance of members House floor action; (c) allowing an extra from varied geographic and demographic staff person to members serving on two com­ which are of relevance to the contro­ areas. mittees; and (d) designating alternative days versy. The letter, signed by represent­ ( c) This jurisdictional realignment would for major and minor committee meetings. atives of a number of conservation and place Interior's Fish and Wildlife Service un­ The one committee assignment limitation environmental organizations, focuses on der the control of the very interests of which can only work if it also includes mandatory the negative value of the "One Member, the Service has been critical on occasion in rotation. One Committee" rule which appears to the past. EPA ls currently within a subcom­ We appreciate the committee staff bring­ lie at the heart of the Select Commit­ mittee dominated by agricultural interests at ing the draft report to our attention and the appropriations level. Thus, by this pro­ asking for our comments, and we look for­ tee's proposals, a.nd stresses the inherent posed realignment, the agricultural com­ ward to working with the committee in de­ conflict between the traditional respon­ munity could dominate the only agencies in veloping a final document which will cor­ sibilities of the Agriculture Commitee the federal government which have the po­ rect the problems we have outlined here. and the responsibilities which would be tential for providing an effective audit of the Some of us wm have other constructive sug­ given to that committee if these pro­ environmental consequences of USDA pro­ gestions to make in the future. posals were carried out. grams. Sincerely, The organizations which signed this In addition, we question the advisability M. BROOK EVANS, letter are by no means the only groups of continuing jurisdiction over pesticides in Director, Washington Office, Sierra Club. the Agriculture Committee. Although we rec­ CHARLES H. CALLISON, which have expressed their opposition ognize that in many respects this is a legiti­ Executive Vice President, National Au­ to the draft proposal. I understand that mate concern of the Department of Agricul­ dubon Society. more are being contacted every day, and ture pesticides are also important concerns STUART BRANDBORG, that the ranks of the opposition are in­ of other federal agencies such as the En­ Executive Directm', the Wilderness So­ deed growing. I must say that I find this vironmental Protection Agency, the Depart­ ciety. development gratifying, but not sur­ ment of Interior, and the Department of THOMAS L. KIMBELL, prising. Commerce. A change in jurisdiction could Executive Vice President, National Wild­ my provide attention to problems such as the life Federation. For the information of colleagues, health and environmental effects of pesti­ ANNE ROOSEVELT, I include the letter in the RECORD: cides which have heretofore received less Legislative Director, Friends of the JANUARY 29, 1974. attention in the Agriculture Committee due Earth. Hon. RICHARD BOLLING, to a predominate concern for commodity PETER HARNIK, Chairman, Select Committee on Committees, production. Washington Representative, Environ­ U.S. House of Representatives, Washing­ We do not believe that the stature and in­ mental Action. ton, D.C. fluence of the Agriculture Committee will be DAVID ZWICK, DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN: We would like to bring significantly reduced by removal of these five Director, Clean Water Action Project. to your attention our very deep concern with or six jurisdictions from its control. rn terms DAVID SCOLL, some of the proposed changes for House re­ of personnel numbers and budget size, the Presiclent, American League of Anglers. organization in the Working Draft Report of Department of Agriculture is and will con­ the Select Committee on Committees. Al­ tinue to be a dominant element in the fed­ though we are in sympathy with the overall eral establishment. Federal commodity pro­ goals of the House reorganization plan, we grams will become even more important in GEN. THADDEUS KOSCIUSZKO-A have studied the working draft in detail and the yea.rs ahead as contributors to our na­ believe some changes are necessary. Two ma­ tion's foreign trade and balance of payment GREAT SOLDIER AND PATRIOT jor concerns are: (1) the reorganized com­ accounts. mittee structure with regard to natural re­ The other major issue of concern is the HON. FRANK ANNUNZIO source and environmental jurisdictions; and limitation of each member to one major (2) limiting members to service on one major .committee assignment. we are strongly op­ OF ILLINOIS committee. posed to this recommendation. The legiti­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The undersigned oppose the granting of mate interests and constituent responsibil­ Wednesday, February 13, 1974 the following five new jurisdictions to the ities of members are more often than not Agriculture Committee: (1) Parks and Wil­ too varied to be structurally limited by such Mr. ANNUNZIO. l\11'. Speaker, Febru­ derness; (2) Wlldllfe; (3) Fish and Fisheries; a proposal. Further, this system without a ary 10 is the 228th anniversary of the (4) National Forests; and (5) Publlc Lands. requirement for mandatory rota.tion would birth of Gen. Thaddeus Kosciuszko, CXX--193-Part 3 3052 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 13, 1974 whose mighty contributions to the win­ ing continued contributions to our bidder basis, suppliers often change from ning of our War of Independence symbol­ Armed Forces of which he was now a year to year. In fact, as is indicated in iz~ so well the contributions made by full-fledged general officer. The grateful the memo, New York State now has a millions of to their Congress, in addition to land and money, different supplier of gasoline than in fis­ adopted country through their skill, hard had bestowed upon him all the rights cal 1972-73 and that supplier is currently work, and patriotism. and privileges of American citizenship. attempting such a cutoff. Americans cannot recall without deep Kosciuszko chose instead to return to A problem in New York State may not emotion that he was the brave and cou­ Europe and to his native Poland where be so much availablility of energy sup­ rageous Polish soldier and statesman who he issued a call to arms. Polish patriots plies but price. So far there have been voluntarily entered the American Con­ rushed to his side to begin a battle for huge increases in the cost of No. 6 heat­ tinental Army and distinguished himself Polish independence. Unfortunately, the ing oil which is used-along with some in the battles of New York and Yorktown. military might of Russia and Prussia was coal-to heat New York City schools. We will soon celebrate the bicentennial so enormous, the efforts of Kosciuszko The fuel bill budget for the 1973-74 of the birth of our Nation-a time when and his followers were in vain. The gal­ school year was set at $9.5 million. Since we will pause to pay tribute to the great lant leader was captured and imprisoned September 1973, the price of No. 6 fuel heroes of t.he American Revolution who in a dungeon. Upon the death of Cather­ oil in New York City has skyrocketed joined together in the fight against ty­ ine, the Empress of Russia, he was from 13.45 cents per gallon to 32.21 cents rannical rule. No rollcall of those men freed-sorely ill and suffering physi­ per gallon, a 149-percent rise just mid­ would be complete without the name of cally, but still with a burning passion for way through the heating season. This Thaddeus Kosciuszko for most historians the independence of his homeland-and increase has forced the New York City recognize the significant contributions he continued to work for the liberation of board of education to revise its heating made in the War of Independence. Poland until his death in 1817. fuel costs upward by $2 million to $11.5 As one of the proud cosponsors of the Mr. Speaker, I am honored to join million for the school year ending in bill-now Public Law 92-524-to officially Polish Americans in my own city of Chi­ June. The expectation is that next designate the Kosciuszko home in Phila­ cago and all over this Nation as they year's-1974-75-fuel bill will be $18 delphia as a national memorial, I con­ pause this week to commemorate the million. sider this an occasion to honor this great birth of Thaddeus Kosciuszko and the The problem is not unique to New York Polish patriot and also salute our fellow enormous contributions he made to the City as the Buffalo school system is find­ citizens of Polish descent who, following freedom of all Americans. ing itself in a similar price squeeze situa­ in the footsteps of Kosciuszko, have dedi­ tion. Buffalo schools heat off No. 2 and cated their lives, often at great risk, to No. 6 heating oils. At the beginning of continue the cause of freedom. this school year No. 2 oil was selling at It is important for Americans to re­ ENERGY CRISIS EFFECT ON NEW 18. 70 cents per gallon and it is now main aware of the fact that American YORK'S SCHOOL SYSTEM priced at 31.90 cents per gallon, a 70 per­ greatness is the result of vital contribu­ cent increase. No. 6 oil prices have sky­ tions made by all of our ethnic groups rocketed in Buffalo just as in New York and certainly the outstanding contribu­ HON. JOHN M. MURPHY City. In September the No. 6 oil price tions of Polish Americans to the growth OF NEW YORK was 12.15 cents per gallon. Now, No. 6 and advancement of our country merit IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES oil in Buffalo is selling for 30.08 cents per the recognition that has now been offi­ Wednesday, February 13, 1974 gallon, a 148-percent increase. The orig­ cially extended through designation of Mr. MURPHY of New York. Mr. inal heating budget for No. 2 oil in the Kosciuszko home as a national me­ Speaker, during this very trying period Buffalo for the 1973-74 school year was morial. in which our energy needs are not being $243,744, for No. 6 oil, $224,000. Due to Even before our Declaration of Inde­ fulfilled, with resulting domestic and the price rises, it is now anticipated that pendence was signed, this young Polish international complications, the needs of the heating budget for the 1974-75 school officer sailed across the Atlantic and ap­ our schoolchildren must not be over­ year will be $818,400 for No. 2 and $776,- peared before Gen. George Washington looked. No responsible legislator will be 000 for No. 6-total heating costs up to volunteer his military skill and train­ worth his salt if he does not keep the from $467,000 to $1,594,000. ing to help create an effective military interests of one of our most valuable na­ The New York State Department of force from the fledgling Continental tional assets, our youth, in mind. It is Education has just completed a survey Army. with such an understanding that I speak of 25 New York school districts to deter­ Kosciuszko was commissioned a col­ with grave dismay of the effects of this mine a rough average fuel price increase onel of engineers in the Continental shortage upon New York State's school figure. These districts heat off either No. Army with the task of strengthening the system. 2, No. 4, No. 6 fuel oils or a combination. breastworks at Saratoga as well as the First is the question of price. Some Average price in September was 17.09 fortifications along the Delaware River supplier contracts have escalator clauses cents per gallon. Now the average price and at West Point. The ardor and the which have been invoked, but in other is 27.31 cents per gallon, a 59.8 percent zeal of this young officer were equaled situations, suppliers have insisted that increase. only by his courage. It is small wonder they can no longer supply fuel at the A similar polling of 21 New York that Thomas Jefferson hailed him by original contract price. In the case of school districts was taken to determine a saying: heating oil, prices have skyrocketed rough average gasoline price increase He was as pure a son of liberty as I have since September 1973-in New York City figure. In September, buying gasoline in ever known and of that liberty which is to go bulk cost 15.85 cents per gallon. Now, the to all and not the few or to the rich alone. and Buffalo, the No. 6 fuel oil price is up 148 to 149 percent. Though less spec­ price is 23.81 cents per gallon, a 50.2 per­ Throughout the 6 long and bleak years tacular, gasoline price rises have also cent increase: of the American Revolution, Kosciuszko cut deeply into school board budgets. De­ FUEL PRICE INCREASE devoted himself to helping General tailed figures are presented in the memo. NEW YORK CITY Washington win the war. In addition to Second is the question of continued No. 6 Oil Price-Sept. 13.45¢/gal.; Jan. his engineering prowess which meant so supply. Apparently, some fuel companies, 32.21¢/gal. - + 149%. much to the Continental Army, this which from the standpoint of the Fed­ Heating Budget Yr. '73-'74.-$9.5 mlllion; talented officer fought valiantly on the eral Fuel Association regulations did not $11.5 million-Estimate '74-'75 $18 million. battlefields in the North as well as in the supply their present customers during BUFFALO South. Leading cavalry troops through a "base period"-1972-73-are claiming No. 2 Oil Price-Sept. 18.70¢/gal.; Jan. the bitter campaign of the Carolinas, he that their contracts have been voided by 31.90¢/ gal.-+ 70 % . played a major role in d1iving the British No. 6 011 Price-Sept. 12.15¢/ga.1.; Jan. the new rules. Their argument is that 30.08¢/gal.-+ 148 % . out of Charleston. the regulations only refer to "base pe­ Heating Budget Yr. '73-74-No. 2 Oil $243,- Kosciuszko might have chosen to dwell riod" suppliers in determining the allo­ 744: No. 6 OU $224,000-$467,744. in America and enjoy the love and ac­ cations. As these governmental contracts Estimate '74-75-$818,400; $776,000-$1,- claim of the American people while mak- are generally let on a sealed bid-lowest 584,400. February 13, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3053 25 District Survey No. 2, No. 4, No. 6, Fuel pricing. It is possible that the Federal had decided that even stand-by controls Oils-Average Price Sept. 17.09c/gal.; Jan. Energy Office might be able to properly "can become an inflationary force in and of 27.3lc/gal. _ + 59.8%. utilize certain control and flexibility in themselves," because they lead to expecta­ 21 District Survey Gasoline-Average price tions that they would eventually be used. Sept. 15.85c/gal.; Jan. 23.Slc/gaI.-+50.2%. energy pricing. Hopefully, it could then Former Economic Council Chairman cooperate with the oil companies, with Arthur M. Okun suggested to Washington Another problem has developed which each exercising its respective ability in its Post reported James L. Rowe Jr. that this is related to price. With respect to heat­ properly designated domain. represents a "triumph of ideology over prag­ ing oil, the Federal Fuel Allocation Reg­ It is my profound hope that any at­ matism." ulations refer to base period levels and tempts to cope with this energy crisis will For example, the cagey John L. Dunlop, in base period suppliers. In some cases, point directly at the problems enumer­ administering the current phase of controls has been able to keep a lid on rising prices school districts have switched to new ated here. Our schools deserve a fair because he retained power to act tough if suppliers for the current school year shake commensurate with the vital role industry misbehaved. either because their traditional supplier they fulfill in our society. A breakdown If the administration succeeds in junking did not submit a bid or because a sub­ of our educational system would prove controls altogether, the residual monitoring mitted bid was not the lowest-calls for di:Jastrous. Despite the obvious interde­ apparatus envlsoned by Shultz and Dunlop bids go out each year. Now, a number of pendence of all aspects of this energy could provide only toothless "jawboning." heating oil contractors who are "new shortage, every effort must be made to The history of the administration's han­ suppliers" are claiming that their con­ extend to our schools a top priority. dling of wage-price restraints ls replete with tracts put them in a confusing situation errors, many stemming from the fact that since they did not supply the districts those planning or administering them didn't in the base year, are claiming that the believe in controls. contracts violate the regulations, are SENSIBLE ANALYSIS OF OUR ECO­ As economist Robert R. Nathan observed in NOMIC SITUATION 1972, when Economic Council Chairman canceling their contracts. The Federal Herbert Stein was put in charge of planning regulations state any contractual ar­ Phase II, that was like putting a notorious rangement violating the regulations is madam, Polly Adler, "in charge of a convent." null and void. Now, they are caught in HON. RICHARD BOLLING After considerable good luck with the the middle. The New York State attorney OF MISSOURI original freeze (Phase I) and Phase II, Mr. general's office has been forced to au­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Nlxon abruptly shifted into a weaker and disastrous Phase III in Janaury 1973. Despite thortze school districts to go on the open Wednesday, February 13, 1974 market and pay the resultant current­ persistent denials and explanations, the con­ Mr. BOLLING. Mr. Speaker, Hobart trols program never recovered from that mis­ retail in some cases-prices-a huge step. In retrospect, that was a triumph of price increase-in cases where no one Rowen's column in the Washington Post, ideology over success. · Sunday, February 10, 1974, is a sensible has submitted bids, then school districts Then, in mid-year, with inflation rampant can negotiate with anyone to get the analysis of the very bad economic sit­ and the Watergate scandal buzzing around needed fuel. uation which faces the country. We in his head, the President over-reacted, and Im­ The problem with suppliers of heating the Congress should not make the mis­ posed a 60-day price freeze. That got him oil now seems to have spilled over into take of believing that the American a. headline, and little else except a meat gasoline. New York State operates under people's recognition of the failures of shortage. a system whereby the State contracts for the Nixon administration in dealing Thls step, it should be recalled, came only gasoline for State vehicles. Cities, coun­ with our economic problems in any way a. few weeks after Economic Council Chair­ ties, and other governmental units-that relieves us of our responsibility to act man Herbert Stein had assured one and all promptly to take the steps we can to that "we will escape the dangers" of either a is, school districts--can buy into these freeze or a return to comprehensive wage­ contracts for fuel supplies. In 1972-73 help prevent further inflation and too prlce controls. the gasoline contract was with Texaco. high a rate of unemployment. When the President then replaced the sec­ In 1973-74 the State switched to Mobil. The newspaper article follows: ond freeze with Phase IV, Stein was ex­ Mobil has just announced that as of [From the Washington Post, Feb. 10, 1974] plaining things by saying "a radical change January 31, 1974, it will no longer sup­ END TO WAGE-PRICE CONTROLS TRIUMPH OF in policy" was necessitated by the need to ply gasoline under its State contract as NIXON IDEOLOGY get inflation down from an unacceptable 9 the contract is null and void because it 'By Hobart Rowen) per cent rate to something like 3 per cent. was not the "base period supplier" under The Nixon administration's proposal to "Most forecasters, including me," Steln the Federal regulations. The State is try­ kill off mandatory wage and price controls said then, "thought the rate of inflation ing to scramble back to Texaco but, of April 30, except for health services and oil would subside in the second half of 1973 course, any new contract will be at the ls not surprising-but it makes no economic without any change of economic policy." or political sense. But now, Stein and Shultz say that con­ current higher prices. Furthermore, since At a minimum, the administration should trols have not stopped inflation in the past prices have been rising and show every have suggested some form of stand-by con­ and will not in the future. Instead, they ar­ indication of rising further, contractors trols, as a bargaining chip to keep major gue we must rely on the "free market" to are reluctant to submit bids and again, industries in line. solve all of our problems. many claim-those other than Texaco­ And if the Democratic majority hasn't The "free market" notion that the admin­ that they cannot enter into a contract taken leave of its senses, that's exactly what istration has been peddling for the past five because of the regulations. it will insist on. In that way, it can drama­ years is a myth. It ls a nice idea as written tize an essential point: it will be the Presi­ up in the textbooks, but there is no free mar­ The proper solution to these problems dent's responsibility, not Congress', if he ket in international relationships, when an can only be found in the correct frame­ gives the public no shield at all from infla­ Arab oil cartel controls the price of oil-and work for action on the part of those who tionary forces. there ls no effective retort to the monopoly. possess the requisite knowledge and capa­ After all, it was congressional insistence There ls no truly free market at home, bility for applying it. Of initial impor­ in 1970-ln passing the first economic sta­ where the monopoly power of big business tance is the realization that the oil com­ b111zat1on act--that enabled President Nixon and big labor override what would be the real panies have certain expertise and ability to impose wage and price controls in August operation of supply-and-demand factors. 1971 when any other course would have led Only a portion of the American economy en­ in the :field of distribution which the Fed­ straight to economic disaster. eral Energy Office does not possess. The What could have impelled the Nixon ad­ joys anything like the discipline of real com­ complexities inherent within the distri­ ministration to decide to throw in the towel petition. bution of energy supplies are numerous. on controls at this time, when the cost of Thus, the proposition that the nation The companies themselves understand living is accelerating at a 9 per cent rate­ should be thrown on the mercies of the "free them. The Federal Energy Office does which means that the threat of "double­ market" at a time when the administration numbers" inflation may be just around the itself admits that prices have gone too h!gh not. The companies themselves must be corner? and will move even higher; and at a time given the leeway they need to work out The ideological opposition of Mr. Nixon's when we face critical shortages of materials our distribution problems. band of "free marketeers" ls, of course, well that threaten to disrupt economic activity ls In a similar vein, the Federal Energy known. Treasury Secretary George P. Shultz, manifestly absurd. Office may have what it takes to properly the leader of th~ band, told the Senate If the administration won't face realities, evaluate and administrate in the :field of Banking Committee that the administration it's up to the Congress to carry the ball. 3054 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 13, 1974 FOOD LABELS SHOULD WARN would complement the truth in food la­ officials often cite as the major obstacle CONSUMERS OF INGREDIENT beling bill which I introduced more than in any effort to normalize relations be­ CHANGES a year ago. That bill would mandate full tween the two neighbors. Thus, repeal of ingredient disclosure on all food labels. Public Law 87-733 can be regarded as an Joining me in sponsoring this legis­ act by which the Congress would signify HON. BENJAMIN S. ROSENTHAL lation are: its hope and desire for further steps on LIST OF COSPONSORS OF NEW YORK the part of the executive branch in the Bella Abzug, (D-N.Y.); Joseph Addabbo, direction of understandings with Cuba IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES (D-N.Y.); Herman Badillo, (D-N.Y.); Jona­ similar to those which have been taken Wednesday, February 13, 1974 than Bingham, (D-N.Y.; George Brown, (D­ in the cases of the Peoples' Republic of eal.); Phillip Burton, (D-Cal.); Shirley Chis­ China and the Soviet Union. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Mr. Speaker, many holm, (D-N.Y.); Cardiss Collins, (D-Ill.); infants and children become ill every John Conyers, (D-Mich.); James Corman, These understandings, based upon year because food manufacturers (D-Cal.); William Cotter, (D-Conn.); Robert common recognition of the fact that change ingredients without notifying Drinan, (D-Mass.); Don Edwards, (D-Cal.); there is no future in a cold war state of parents. With the support of 41 col­ Joshua Eilberg, (D-Pa.); Donald Fraser, affairs, however much nations differ in leagues I am today introducing legisla­ (D-Min.); Ella Grasso, (D-Conn.); Michael their internal affairs, testify to the Harrington, (D-Mass.); Henry Helstoski, (D­ changing international climate within tion to end this dangerous policy. N.J.); Elizabeth Holtzman, (D-N.Y.); James The bill would require food manufac­ which U.S. policy toward Cuba grows in­ Howard, (D-N.J.); and Joseph Karth, (D­ creasingly out of place. Friendly talks turers to put notices on their labels that Minn.). will alert consumers to the fact that in­ Robert Kastenmeier, (D-Wis.); Edward and mutually beneficial economic ex­ gredients have been changed. This no­ Koch, (D-N.Y.); Ralph Metcalfe, (D-Ill.); changes with Communist nations con­ tice, which must be in :,,"'lain and con­ Parren Mitchell, (D-Md.); Joe Moakley, (D­ taining hundred..; of millions of people spicuous language, will have to remain Mass.); William Moorhead, (D-Pa.); Claude contrast strangely with attempted ostra­ on the label for at least 6 months. Pepper, (D-Fla.); Bertram Podell, (D-N.Y.); cism of a nearby country whose popula­ Unlike the new and improved notices Peter Rodino, (D-N.J.); Robert Roe, (D­ tion numbers less than 9 million and N.J.); Edward Roybal, (D-Cal.); Patricia whose threat is more imagined than real. found on so many products, which give Schroeder, (D-Colo.); Neal Smith, (D-Iowa); the shopper no hint as to what is ac­ Especially so when other states, Com­ Louis Stokes, (D-Ohio); Gerry Studds, (D­ mur.ist and non-Communist, hemi­ tually new in the product, the label Mass.); Ro\Jert Tiernan, (D-R.I.); Jerome would have to specifically identify the Waldie, (D-Cal.); William Whitehurst, (R­ spheric and worldwide, have found it to new ingredients. Va.); Lester Wolff, (D-N.Y.); and Gus Yatron, their advantage to recognize the legit­ People who are allergic to certain (D-Pa.). imacy of the Cuban Government, es­ foods or additives usually read labels tablish or continue diplomatic relations very carefully, but after using a product with that country, and carry on a com­ for a period of time, they tend to as­ TO REPEAL THE CUBAN merce from which U.S. firms are cur­ sume it is the same, although a poten­ RESOLUTION rently excluded. tially harmful change could have been In the Americas, nations with such policies include Peru, Mexico, Canada, made quietly by the manufacturer. Argentina, Jamaica, Trinidad-Tobago, All consumers have the right to be HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON OF MASSACHUSETTS and Barbados. 'informed when a fooC: manufacturer Latin American nations with which changes his product. For some, it can be IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Cuba is developing trade and cultural a matter of life and death. Wednesday, February 13, 1974 contacts in the absence of diplomatic re­ Infants and children seem to be af­ Mr. HARRINGTON. Mr. Speaker, to­ lations-resembling the situation of the fected most often by ingredient changes, United States and the Peoples Republic according to pediatricians and allergy day, I am introducinr; a bill to repeal Public Law 87-733 of October 3, 1962, of China-include Panama, Honduras, specialists, because food allergies are Ecuador and Venezuela. And in the most common to those under the age of 2. known as the Cuban resolution. The same legislation was introduced by Sen­ Organization of American States as a The president of the Metropolitan ator CLAIBORNE PELL (S. 2802) on De­ whole, only some 55 percent of the na­ Washington chapter of the Allergy Foun­ cember 12, 1973. tions originally voting for sanctions dation of America has cited cases of The Cuban resolution became law against Cuba in 1964 still support such several Capital-area children who suf­ during the height of the cold war. But action. Most European Nations, among fered adverse reactions after eating or international events and developments them Great Britain, France, Italy, West drinking products whose ingredients had of the past decade strongly suggest that Germany, Spain, and numerous others been changed, All had used the product it is not only obsolete but harmful and either have full diplomatic relations or for long periods of time and their parents trade extensively with Cuba. It is worth no longer bothered to check the label. should therefore be repealed at the ear­ liest possible moment. In 1962, it seemed noting, too, that Japan, 8,000 miles from One was a 1-year-old child from Ta­ possible that a policy of diplomatic and Cuba, markets there a variety of products koma Park, Md., whose sudden and pain­ economic isolation of the Republic of ranging from heavY machinery and buses ful urinary tract infection was finally Cuba, under a government headed by to air conditioners and transistor radios. traced to a drink to which vitamin c Prime Minister Fidel Castro, might work The United States' policy of "economic had recently been added. Another was to the best interests of the United States. denial" has not only proven ineffective, a 13-year-old girl from Rockville, Md., It is now clear that such interests are not but has been detrimental to U.S. indus­ who had been afflicted with eczema since being served by the persistence of an tries which face increasing competition the age of 2 %. The eczema suddenly outmoded resolution whose major effect from rivals abroad. became much worse and the cause was is to limit the flexibility of foreign policy Recent American public opinion polls finally pinpointed as a cranberry JUICe initiatives by the United States, impede indicate that a majority of our populace to which dextrose had recently been foreign trade, and help maintain a ten­ have no objections to the resumption of added. sion in the hemisphere dangerous to the U.S. ties with Cuba. They see no logic to This legislation was suggested to me peace and security of al~ its people. the maintenance of a policy of open hos­ by New York State Senator Emanuel R. The Cuban resolution does not provide tility toward a tiny nation 90 miles off Gold, whose infant son could no longer the legal basis for U.S. policy toward our shores. I hope that domestic politi­ hold down a baby formula on which he Cuba. It is little more than a policy state­ cal considerations-and I know that had been thriving for months. After sev­ ment. But, as such, it represents an atti­ there will be opposition to this measure eral weeks, it was finally discovered that tude of hostility toward the Cuban Gov­ from the right-will find no place in any several ingredients in the formula had ernment by inferring threats to its sov­ of my colleagues' judgment as to the been changed, but the outward physical ereignty. Its repeal would provide an advisability of this repeal. Recommenda­ appearance of the two differing products opening for reconsidf>'"ation of policy tion for repeal, or repeal itself, should in was identical. matters, not the least of which being the no way be interpreted as approval of the This legislation introduced today policy of "economic denial" which Cuban political, economic, or social system in February 13, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3055 Cuba. Rather, it would simply mean that so desired, but it would not have to do cuitous routings can enable them to pro­ the Congress of the United States has so. After all, it does not make much vide more adequate, economical and effi­ assumed a proper responsibility, in the sense to charge a passenger more for an cient service in many markets where the light of new conditions in the world and inconvenient circuitous routing which is low density of traffic does not make direct the hemisphere, to improve the prospects more economical and efficient for the air­ flights, or multiple direct flights, eco­ for true world peace and friendship, and line than a more convenient direct flight nomic.ally viable with the larger jet air­ a "Generation of Peace." for the passenger that is less profitable craft we have today. The problem is that I ask the support of my colleagues in to the carrier. the rate setters in the airlines hold that taking this first step toward that goal. The public seems to agree with us as rates must vary directly with mileage the following editorial by Jenkin Lloyd because, in their view, costs vary with Jones, editor and publisher of the Tulsa mileage. My colleagues and I have re­ Tribune, and past president of the U.S. peatedly shown that this is not true. AIRLINE FARES: WHY PAY FOR Chamber of Commerce, reflects: Instead, we have demonstrated that the INCONVENIENCE? [From the (Okla.) Tulsa Tribune, Jan. 11, terminal handling costs are a fixed 1974] capacity cost, the line-haul costs are an WHY PAY FOR INCONVENIENCE? hourly capacity expense, and that none HON. JOHN E. MOSS Citizens are sympathetic to airlines that of these costs vary directly with mileage OF CALIFORNIA have had to rearrange schedules and cut or traffic handled. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES flights because of shortened fuel allowances. The fact that airline expenses do not But when it comes to requiring citizens to vary directly with mile.age or traffic Wednesday, February 13, 1974 pay extra for inconvenience the line must be drawn. handled is the principal reason my col­ Mr. MOSS. Mr. Speaker, on January 6, Because direct flights between the East leagues and I have proposed open rout­ 1974, the Tulsa Daily World reported that Coast and Tulsa have been axed it will now ings. The validity of our proposal seems American Airlines would discontinue its be necessary at certain times to come to have once again been borne out by direct flight 269 from Washington to through Dallas. Tulsans will pay $8 extra recent developments brought on by the Tulsa via Nashville starting Monday, on an economy class ticket. energy crisis, where many routings which January 7, when its -new January 1974 An evening flight out of Chicago that may be more circuitous mileagewise have schedules became effective and, there­ makes important connections with planes enabled the airlines to provide adequate, from Europe Will proceed to Tulsa via Okla­ after, provide only two through flights homa. City. Tulsans must pay the Oklahoma economical, and efficient service while each day between Washington and City fare which is $7 more. The airline in attempting to save fuel. Tulsar-one via Chicago and Oklahoma question argues that if the Tulsa fare were The reason the airlines have finally City, the other by way of Dallas and allowed, sharp Oklahoma Citians would sim­ adopted some of these more economical Oklahoma City. ply buy a ticket to Tulsa and get off at Okla­ and efficient routings at this time 1s that The reason given for these two cir­ homa City. the operations departments of the air­ cuitous routings was the energy crisis: But suppose stewardesses on the Dallas­ lines-the departments from whom we "An attempt to conserve fuel while main­ Tulsa and Oklahoma City-Tulsa legs simply asked Tulsa passengers to show their through learned that the carriers' costs are fixed taining service frequency;" the Tulsa tickets and then handed them $8 or $7 rebate capacity costs-have at least temporarily Tribune, Wednesday, January 9, 1974, chits? For a long time Braniff handed out gained ascendancy over the rate setters page 7D. That is to say, the schedule such rebates when their planes exceeded a in the scheduling and routing of the air­ changes were designed by American to degree of lateness. craft. It now seems apparent to my col­ provide the most adequate and efficient People smart enough to run airlines ought leagues and myself that the rate setters service in this market in the most eco­ to be able to figure out how not to penalize must quickly learn the lessons these nomical and efficient manner. customers who are forced to make irritating operation department people learned These and other more economical and detours. long ago, and which the energy crisis efficient patterns of service, which have In this particular situation, American has now brought to public light. been forced upon the airlines by a crisis, Airlines is charging $7 to $8 more for a Mr. Speaker, the pertinent sections of are actually the same sort of passenger coach seat--$10 to $12 first class-from the two articles from the Tulsa news­ and aircraft routings which my col­ Tulsa to Washington, New York, Chicago, papers which I have referred to pre­ leagues and I have, for at least 5 yea.rs, et cetera, for the inconvenient circuitous viously follow. In the second article, two been encouraging the airlines to make routings than it does for the direct rout­ arguments are advanced by American available to the public as alternate rout~ ings, even though in some of these cases Airlines for charging a higher fare for a ings-not merely to meet a crisis-but in the direct routing is less profitable. From more circuitous routing. These two argu­ order to increase their own earnings. As Oklahoma City the coach fare ls $2 to $3 ments, however, are not novel. The Civil a matter of fact, a member of our staff more-first class, $3 to $5-to the east Aeronautics Board has addressed itself to specifically proposed a Washington­ coast by way of Dallas, even though once both on at least two different occasions. Dallas-Oklahoma City routing as a means again the more circuitous routing is the Both cases, by the way, involved Ameri­ of reducing airline costs and increasing more profitable routing to the carrier. can Airlines. In the first case, American airline sales, revenue, and earnings some I might add, Oklahoma City passengers opposed another carrier charging the 13 years ago this month in an article in also have to pay a higher fare to Arizona same fare for a more circuitous routing; a European aviation publication; Rich­ and California cities for inconvenient in the latter case, American proposed the ard W. Klabzuba, "The Answer to the routing via Dallas; $2 to $5 both coach fare itself. In both cases, the Board per­ Puzzling Riddle: 'What Makes an Air­ and first class. mitted the fares to go into effect, and line Profitable?'" Interavia, Geneva, No. In my view, the carrier's pricing prac­ those routings are still in effect today. In­ 2/1961, February 1961, pages 191-194. tice in these cases does not reflect good deed, in the Hartford situation-the There is, however, one very significant business judgment and is, therefore, un­ Allegheny fare case-Allegheny now pro­ difference between my colleagues and my justifiably prejudicial to these two non­ vides 16 flights daily between Hartford proposal and the carriers' present opera­ hub cities and the State of Oklahoma. and Washington via Providence at the tions. Under our plan, the fare charged Their pricing policy is also unduly prej­ direct fare, even though it now has non­ the public would be the same regardless udicial, because it cannot be justified on stop authority and provides 7 such flight.s of their routing, except possibly in two economic grounds. Remember, the stated daily. The Board's orders in these two special cases, to wit: First, those situa­ purpose for adopting these circuitous cases follow the two Tulsa newspaper tions where the circuitous routing would routings is to save fuel-and thereby re­ articles: involve more than 20 percent or 300 ad­ duce operating expenses-while main­ [From the Tulsa Daily World, Jan. 6, 1974] ditional miles, whichever is greater, or taining frequency of service. In other second, the passenger makes a connec­ words, these circuitous routings were AMERICAN BEGINS NEW TULSA-DALLAS FLIGHT tion between flights at some intermediate A new Dallas flight along with additional adopted because of-not in spite of­ service to Chicago and Washington will be point having a greater fare to either the economic reasons. offered Tulsans by America.n Airlines start­ passenger's point of origin or destination. Mr. Speaker, my colleagues and I have ing Monday when January schedules become In these two cases, the airline would be repeatedly pointed out to the Civil Aero­ effective. permitted to charge a higher fare, if it nautics Board and the airlines that cir- American also has cancelled two fiights as 3056 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 13, 1974 part of the move to alter schedules in keep .. Theodore M. Forbes, Jr., for Eastern Air mediate point between Washington and ing with 1973 fuel allocations. Lines, Inc. Hartford/Springfield to comply with the con­ The new Dallas to Tulsa flight leaves the Susanne White for Bureau of Economic dition in its certificate that it shall sched­ Texas city at 655 a.m. and arrives here at Regulation. ule service to a minimum of one intermedi­ 7: 46 a.m., A Washtngton-Ohicago-Okiahoma OPINION ate point, exclusive of New York, betw;:.en City-Tulsa has been added, leaving Wash­ By the Board: Washington and Hartford/Springfield. The ington at 6:30 p.m. and arriving in Tulsa at. Upon complaints fl.led by American Air­ examiner granted Allegheny's motion to 11 :07 p.m. lines, Inc., and Eastern Air Lines, Inc., this strike these pages of Eastern's brief directea American has cancelled Flight 156 from proceeding was instituted by the Board to to this argument, holding that the order of Dallas to Tulsa. That trip now makes up at determine whether routing 30, a rule or regu­ investigation did not place this question in Tulsa and leaves here at 4:20 p.m. with a lation affecting fares between Hartford a.nd issue, and moreover, Eastern should have 5:59 arrival in Chicago. The Chic.ago-Wash­ Washington proposed by Allegheny Airlines, raised the question at the prehearing con­ ington portion has been cancelled. Inc., is, or will be, unjust or unreasonable, ference. We agree with the examiner. Flight 269 from Washington to Nashville or unjustly discriminatory, or unduly prefer­ Even were Eastern correct in its assertion to Tulsa is another schedule discontinueu. ential, or unduly prejudicial, or otherwise that under the issues we must consider Flight 356 now ends at Chicago instead of unla.wful. Pending investigation, the fare is whether the proposed routing conforms to Washington. It leaves Tulsa at 11 :45 a..m. suspended.1 Allegheny's certificate, our ultimate conclu­ and arrives in Chicago at 1: 19 p.m. Pursuant to notice, a public hearing was sion would be the same, since we find that Other changes by American affecting Tul­ held before Examiner William J. Madden, Allegheny under that certificate, and con­ sans include Flight 473 which used to origi­ who has issued his initial decision. The sistent with the terms and conditions set nate at La.Guardia Airport in New York City. examiner concluded that proposed routing forth therein, can operate flights between It now begins in Boston and arrives in Tulsa 30, to the extent that it is a rule or regula­ Washington and Hartford/Springfield with a after stops at La.Guardia and St. Louis. tion affecting the fares between Hartford single stop at Providence. American officials said Flight 399, which and Washington, will not be unjust or un­ We have considered the remaining excep­ departs Tulsa at 7: 37 p.m. for Dallas wm reasonable, or unduly discriminatory, or un­ tions to the initial decision filed by Eastern continue to El Paso effective Monday with duly preferential, or unduly prejudicial, or and find that they do not alter our decision schedule changes. It is due to arrive there otherwise unlawful. He further concluded herein. at 9 :41 p.m. Flight 164 which replaces 461, that the tariff provision should be allowed An appropriate order will be entered. leaves Tulsa at 9;30 a.m. and arrives in Dal­ to become effective, the investigation termi­ Boyd, Chairman, Mu:rphy, Vice Chairman, las at 11: 18 a.m. It then continues to John nated, and the complaints of American and Gurney, Minetti, and Glllllland, Members of P. Kennedy Airport in New York City, ar­ Eastern dismissed. the Board, concurred in the above opinion. riving at 3: 53 p.m. Exceptions to the initial decision have ORDER been filed by Eastern. In lieu of briefs to A full public hearing having been held in [From the Tulsa Tribune, Jan. 9, 1974] the Board, Eastern and Allegheny rely on the above-entitled proceeding, and the their briefs to the examiner, a.nd bureau Board, upon consider·ation of the record, hav­ AMERICAN HIKES FARES ON Two FLIGHTS counsel adopts its statement of position pre­ (By Larry Levy) ing issued its opinion containing its findings, viously filed.:? Oral argument has been waived, conclusions, and decision, which is attached In an attempt to conserve fuel while main­ and the case, accordingly, stands submitted hereto and made a part hereof; taining service frequency, American Airlines for decision. will operate two flights through Tulsa that Upon consideration of the record and the IT IS 0RDERED- Will have higher than normal fares. contentions of the parties, we adopt as our 1. That the ta.riff provision of Allegheny An evening :flight from Washington will own the findings and conclusions of the Airlines, Inc., containing proposed routing cost Tulsa passengers an extra $6 and one initial decision which is included herein. We 30, to the extent that it is a rule or regula­ :flight from Tulsa to New. York will be $8 will add only two comments. tion affecting the fares between Hartford more. 1. Eastern claims that the proposed rout­ and Washington as contained on 18th revised Instead of the one-way Washington to ing is not justified because Allegheny could page 26 of Agent C. C. Squire's CAB No. 44, Tulsa coach fare of $86 for its Washington, achieve even better efficiency and better cost be allowed to become effective; Chicago, Tulsa, Oklahoma: City, Los Angeles savings by using routings suggested by Amer­ 2. That the investigation instituted in flight, American is substituting a $92 Wash­ ican which do not involve service to Hart­ docket 12291 by order E-16614 on April 5, mgton, Chicago, Oklahoma. City, Tulsa flight. ford/Springfield and Providence on the same 1961, be terminated; Tulsa-bound passengers will be paying the flight. However, the fact is that under both 3. That the complaints of American Air­ same fare as the normal coach fare for those of American's proposals Hartford/Springfield lines, Inc., in docket 12255 and Eastern Air going to Oklahoma. City. American officials and Providence would each receive only one Lines, Inc .• in docket 12253 be dismissed. said the flight wa.s routed that way so it could round trip to Washington daily, whereas un­ INITIAL DECISION OF EXAMINER be a.tits Maintenance & Engineering Center der Allegheny's propos-ed routing two daily WILLIAM J. MADDEN at Tulsa for overnight maintenance. The round trips would be furnished in each of Found that the proposed routing 30 to the Oklahoma City fare was necessary to keep these markets. If American's proposed rout­ extent that it is a rule or regulation affect­ people going to Oklahoma City from pur­ ings were followed but two daily round trips ing the fares between Hartford and Wash­ chasing the lower Tulsa fare and then get­ were provided Hartford/Springfield-Provi­ ington as contained on 18th revised page 26 ting off the plane early. dence and Providence-Washington, Alle­ of Agent C. C. Squire's CAB No. 44 will not On another flight, American took its morn­ gheny, instead of achieving cost savings, be unjust or unreasonable, or unjustly dis­ ing Tulsa, Oklahoma City, Dallas trip and would incur increased direct costs estimated criminatory, or unduly preferential, or un­ extended it to New York City. A one-way at $1,119.02, or $892.22 dally, depending upon duly prejudicial, or otherwise unlawful. coach trip to New York on that one plane will which routing would be adopted. Accord­ The route system of Allegheny Airlines be $107 instead of the $99 for a plane that ingly, we reject Ea.stem's contention. includes segment 8 which extends between doesn't take the out-of-the-way jog. 2. In its brief to the examiner, Eastern the terminal point Washington and the The change in schedules has caused some raised for the first time the contention that terminal point Boston via the intermediate problems among both travelers and ticket Allegheny cannot use Providence as an inter- points Philadelphia, New York, Hartford/ and travel agents because the Official Airline Springfield, and Providence, among others. Guide was unable to publish the changes be­ 1 Under the proposed routing, a clockwise Allegheny is authorized to operate nonstop fore they took effect. flight would proceed from Washington to flight s between Washington and Providence but flights serving Washington and Hartford/ Hartford/Springfield and Providence, stop­ [Docket 12291 et al. (E-17546) ] ping at Philadelphia, and return to Wash­ Springfield must serve at least one inter­ mediate point exclusive of New York. The ALLEGHENY FARE CASE-PROPOSED ROUTING ington nonstop from Providence. A counter­ instant proceeding is concerned only with BETWEEN HARTFORD/SPRINGFIELD AND clockwise :flight would provide a northbound service which it will provide between Wash­ WASHINGTON nonstop flight from Washington to Provi­ ington, on the one hand, and Hartford/ Decided October 5, 1961. dence and thence to Hartford/Springfield Springfield and Providence, on the other, u n ­ and return to Washington, stopping at Phil­ Found that proposed routing 30 to the der a so-called proposed routing 30. adelphia. Under this routing Allegheny Under t M.s proposed routing a flight will extent that it is a rule or regulation affect- would offer a Hartford/Springfield service 1J1g the fares between Hartford and Wash­ proce e'~ .,;; of Washington to Philadelphia, ington as contained on 18th revised page 26 from Washington at the present fare o:t Hart ford/ Springfield, and Providence and re­ of Agent C. C. Squire's CAB No. 44 will not $23.50 on the counterclockwise flight over a tuTn to Washington nonstop from Provi­ be unjust or unreasonable, or unjustly dis­ route of 423 miles, while at the same time dence. A complementary fiight will operate criminatory, or unduly preferential, or un­ otherwise unlawful. He further concluded in the opposite direction, that is, out of duly prejudicial, or otherwise unlawful, and a Washington-to-Providence service, 357 Washington nonstop to Providence and should be allowed to become effective. miles, at the existing fare of $26.90. (See thence to Hartford/Springfield, Philadelphia, Appearances: Herbert Elish for Allegheny appendix A.) and return to Washington. The following Airlines, Inc. 2 American filed a letter in which it stated diagram shows the relative location of the Howard c. Westwood and William H. Allen that it will not file exceptions in view of the cities, the routing plan, and the mileage over for American Airlines, Inc. narrow scope of the examiner's decision. the segments. February 13, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3057 This somewhat unusual routing procedure field, also stopping at Philadelphia. Under ible, and that Allegheny would be disposed has been devised by Allegheny as a means of the second plan a Washington-Providence to devise and adopt appropriate measures to providing for Hartford/Springfield-Washing­ nonstop in ea.ch direction would be provided police the tariff. It certg,inly would have no ton and Providence-Washington the most di­ on a flight also serving Boston, Philadelphia, intention or disposition to stand by and rect services permitted under its authoriza­ and , with a separate flight oper­ observe a loss of $3.40 on each of any sig­ tion but with the minimum number of ating between Washington and Hartford/ nificant number of tickets sold to Providence scheduled flights. Thus the clockwise flight Springfield and stopping at Philadelphia. passengers. If necessary, appropriate tariff will provide a one-stop northbound flight for While American's alternative suggestions are rules could be adopted requiring Hartford/ Washington-Hartford/Springfield (the re­ theoretically feasible they fall to provide for Springfield passengers electing to use the quired stop being made at Philadelphia) and the operation of a service between Providence count~rclockwise flight to pay the Provi­ a nonstop southbound flight from Providence and Hartford/Springfield which is included dence fare subject to a rebate being avail­ to Washington. The counterclockwise flight in the routing proposed by Allegheny. Amer­ able upon deplaning at Hartford/Spring­ will provide the northbound nonstop flight ican's suggestion that this fallm·e is not field. However such a protective provision or from Washington to Providence and the one­ significant because the market generated tariff rule is not suggested for adoption at stop flight from Washington to Hartford/ only 240 passengers in the second quarter of this time. Springfield (the required stop being made at 1960 and that it is "abundantly" serviced by The concern of American and Eastern Providence.) While the principal purpose of two other carriers is not adequate or about abuse also gives a minimum of credit the routing is to provide the best service be­ acceptable. to the fact that people are essentially honest. tween Washington, on the one hand, and From the standpoint of the cities of Hart­ But even assuming a disposition toward dis­ Hartford/Springfield and Providence, on the ford, Springfield, and Providence and the honesty for a significant proportion of the other, the routing also incidentally makes rights and protection extended to them by Washington-Providence passeng.ers, the ab­ available a service in each direction between section 404(b) of the Act, it does not ap­ solute number of such passengers to whom Hartford/Springfield and Providence, Hart­ pear that operation of the proposed routing the opportunity would be available is small. ford/Springfield and Philadelphia, and Phila­ 30 should cause any concern. There has been It must be remembered first that the op­ delphia and Washington. no expression of such concern by or on be­ portunity to cheat would be available on The controversy over this routing arises half of either of these cities and while this only one of the four flights per day which because Allegheny will be offering a Hartford/ apparent disinterest could be attributed to would operate between Providence and Wash­ Springfield service from Washington at the a lack of knowledge or understanding of the ingtou, the northbound nonstop. The num­ present fare of $23.50 on the counterclock­ proposed routing there does not appear to ber of prospective cheaters would be further wise flight that makes the required inter­ be any grounds for concern. reduced to those who do not elect to check mediate stop at Providence, while at the same While the Hartford/Springfield passenger their baggage, since it would be impracticable time and on the same flight it Will be pro­ from Washington using the counterclock­ for a Providence-bound passenger to check viding a Washington-to-Providence service wise flight will be "forced" to travel a great­ his baggage to Har<:ford/Springfield and at the existing fare of $26.90. The Hartford/ er distance than he would on the clock­ somehow thereafter reclaim it. A survey made Springfield passenger will be paying the wise flight, he will be selecting the former by Allegheny during a selected week in May lower fare for a flight over a 423-mile rout­ flight for reasons related to his own con­ 1961 disclosed that out of the 199 Washing­ ing while the Providence passenger will be venience and not because other flights are ton-to-Providence passengers, 148, or 74 p1!r­ paying the higher fare over the 357-mile rout­ not available, either on Allegheny's system cent, checked their baggage despite the fact ing. The distance between Washington and or on the systems of American, Eastern, or that the aircraft was equipped with carry-on Hartford/Springfield on the routing via Northeast, or on combinations thereof. In baggage racks for the use of passengers. Philadelphia is 315 miles. The circuity for the any event while the distance traveled on While those baggage-checking passengers Hartford/Springfield passenger as related to the counterclockwise flight will be greater, disposed to cheat would forgo the checking the routing via Philadelphia is approximately there wm be a difference of only 1 minute service, it is also reasonable to assume that 35 percent, and the 66-mile part of the jour­ in the elapsed time over the Philadelphia many of the nonba.ggage-checking passengers ney beyond Providence to Hartford adds ap­ routing. The possibility that a Wa.shington­ would eschew the opportunity. proximately 18 percent to the washington­ to-Providence passenger might pay the same American deprecates the elimination of Providence segment. fare as a Washington-to-Hartford/Spring­ baggage-checking passengers from the num­ There is no quarrel that the creation of a field passenger (for carriage to a "nearer" ber of prospective cheaters contending that situation in which a higher fare is charged point) by resort to the abuse mentioned the saving on the ticket would be adequate for the shorter journey is basically objec­ earlier is not of sufficient magnitude to con­ incentive to forgo the service. It points out tionable in the construction of rates and stitute a preference for Providence over that in Allegheny's no-reservation commuter fares and Allegheny has submitted evidence Hartford/Springfield within the meaning of service between Pittsburgh and Philadelphia which, it contends, establishes adequate opportunity for such abuse and the extent very little baggage is checked because on that reasons to allow the situation to obtain in that it might attain are minimal. service a charge of 9 cents per pound is im­ this case. In addition to the basic objections As to the Providence passenger from posed for the service. It is conceded that the to such a situation there is present in this Washington, there appears to be even fewer Washington-to-Providence passenger dis­ case an element which has attracted a greater reasons for concern. He Will have available, posed to cheat on the fare would use the amounit of concern from the objecting air­ in addition to the nonstop flight, the choice carry-on baggage racks but the comparison lines; viz, the opportunity for possible abuse of another schedule at a different time with Allegheny's Pittsburgh-Philadelphia of the Washington-Providence fa.re. This which Will follow the routing via Philadel­ service is not valid. In that case there was an abuse would take the form of a Washington­ phia and Hartford/Springfield. The fact aboveboard, completely legal, readily dis­ to-Providence passenger boarding the plane that the nonstop flight to Providence may cernible, and adequaitely published oppor­ with a Washington-to-Hartford/Springfield also be carrying a Hartford/Springfield pas­ tunity to obtain a significant saving on the ticket and deplaning at Providence and senger who will continue beyond Providence trip cost. The opportunity to obtain passage thereby obtaining transportation at a dis­ and pay a lower fa.re cannot of itself con­ to Providence at the Hartford/Springfield count of $3.40 from the fare stated in the stitute a real objection. To give weight to f.are will not be published, it will be discerni­ carrier's tariff. the bare existence of such a situation, where ble to only a few travelers who are very Allegheny has established that if it is per­ there is no tangible basis for objection., and sophisticated, tariffwise, and in turn it will mitted to provide service under the pro­ especially in a situation such as presented be used by only a few of this select group posed routing, significant cost savings will be here where significant advantages are ap­ who elect to furtively participate in an il­ achieved amounting to approximately $88,000 parent, would constitute a failure to rec­ legal scheme. per year. This annual figure represents the ognize and preserve one of the inherent The prospect of any significant dollars and difference in the direct cost of opera.ting two advantages of air transportation, contrary to cents effect on other carriers becomes remote round trips per day in the conventional the provisions of section 102(b). in the same degree that the prospect of the manner and in the manner proposed under To the extent that the objections of illegal use of the tariff becomes minimal. routing 30. Each round-trip flight under the American and Ea.stem are based on possible American does not contend that it Will be af­ conventional routing would involve 6 stops, abuse of the tariff provisions by some Wash­ fected by the financial impact but Eastern at a calculated cost of $56.70 ea.ch whlle only ington-to-Providence passengers it does not constructed an estimate of revenues exposed 4 stops are required under routing 30. The appear that this possibility should preclude to diversion which is extravagant and unim­ mlleage saving is 24 miles per round trip at the use of the proposed routing. While the pressive. On the basis of figures for the first a calculated direct cost of a.bout 77 cents per possibility exists, it would not be reasonable 4 months of 1961, it calculated the revenues mile. to assume that if abuse develops it would exposed to diversion at $106,000 per year and Allegheny's calculations of the cost savings be otherwise than minimal and inconsequen­ using figures for the year 1960 it obtained .a were not challenged but American suggested tial in effect, and that it would fall short of revenue exposure figure of $322,000. To suffer two routings under which Allegheny could justifying a rejection of the opportunity for the loss as calculated on either basis, East­ achieve even larger savings of $122,000 and Allegheny to extend a better service and in­ ern would have to lose to Allegheny all of the $160,000. In the former instance American's crease the efficiency of its operations. The local passengers it carried from Washington proposal would offer a flight between Wash­ concern of American and Eastern gives a to Providence plus all of the passengers it ington and Providence stopping at Phila­ minimum of credit to the probability that carried to Providence from eight major cities delphia in each direction and another :flight Allegheny will be alert to the possibility of south of Washington where Eastern competes between Washington and Hartford/Spring- abuse, that abuse would be readily discern- for the Providence passengers with other 3058 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE February 14, 1974 carriers that have joint fare arrangements It is Ordered- ticket and deplane at Memphis, either de­ with .Allegheny over Washington. Obviously 1. That the tariff provision of Allegheny stroying or reselling the remaining Memphis­ Eastern is not going to lose Providence traf­ Airlines, Inc., containing the proposed rout­ Little Rock ticket coupon and saving $6.48 fic to any such proportion of volume. ing 30, to the extent that it is a rule or regu­ in coach service. United maintains that it In its brief Eastern raised for the first lation affecting the fares between Hartford could lose $150,000 in revenue in the Mem­ time following the entry of the investigation and Washington as contained on 18th revised phis market if all its passengers used the order a contention that Allegheny cannot use page 26 of Agent C. C. Squire's CAB No. 44, lower Little Rock-Los Angeles joint fares it Providence as an intermediate point between be allowed to become effective; would be forced to establish. Washington and Hartford/Springfield to 2. That the investigation instituted by American has not answered United's com­ ccmply with the condition in its certificate order E-16614 on April 5, 1961, be termi­ plaint. that it shall schedule service to a minimum nated; Upon consideration of all relevant matters, of one intermediate point, exclusive of New 3. That the complaints of American Air­ the Board finds that the complaint does not York, between Washington and Hartford/ lines, Inc., in docket 12255, and Eastern Air set forth facts sufficient to warrant suspen­ Springfield. Allegheny has moved to strike Lines, Inc., in docket 12253, be dismissed. sion, and consequently the request therefor those pages of Eastern's brief directed to will be denied. This matter is already under this argument. It is clear from the order of investigation in Phase 9 of the Domestic Pas­ investigation that the Board did not intend [United States of America, Civil Aeronautics senger-Fare Investigation. to place this question in issue and in any Board, Washington, D.C., Order 71--4-119] We recognize that the propooal will result event Eastern should have raised the ques­ ORDER DISMISSING COMPLAINT in an anomaly in the fare structure, in that tion at the prehearing conference. The mo­ Little Rock-Los Angeles passengers traveling tion of Allegheny will be granted and ac­ Adopted by the Civil Aeronautics Board cordingly the language in Eastern's brief on at its office in Washington, D.C., on the 19th via Memphis will pay less than Memphis­ pages 7, 8, and 9 directed to this issue has day of April, 1971. Los Angeles passengers. On the other hand, been ignored. Fare and routing changes proposed by it will result in additional service alterna­ On the basis of the foregoing findings and American Airlines, Inc., Docket 23228. tives for Little Rock passengers at the direct­ conclusions and all the facts of record, it By tariff revisions 1 marked to become ef­ route fa.re. is found- fective on April 25, 1971, American Airlines, American's proposal will, as alleged, make it 1. That the proposed routing 30 to the ex­ Inc. (American) proposes to revise its fares possible for a Los Angeles-Memphis passenger tent that it is a rule or regulation affecting and applicable routings between Los Angeles to purchase a lower-priced Los Angeles-Lit­ the fares between Hartford and Washington and Little Rock. Presently American pub­ tle Rock ticket for his transportation. How­ as contained on 18th revised page 26 of Agent lishes two local fares, one applying to direct ever, we are not persuaded that abuse of this C. C. Squire's CAB 44 will not be unjust or service, and a second applicable via Memphis sort will occur in significant degree. In any unreasonable, or unjustly discriminatory, or at a level equal to the Los Angeles-Memphis event, if such abuse should occur, we would 'Qnduly preferential, or unduly prejudicial, or fare. American's proposal would cancel the expect that American would take appropriate otherwise unlawful. second-level fare and routing and apply the measures to curtail it, since it likewise has 2. That said tariff provision should be al­ direct fare to service via Memphis. an interest in preserving its revenues from lowed to become effective. United Air Lines, Inc., (United) has filed servi~e to Memphis. 3. That the investigation instituted by or­ a complaint urging suspension and investi­ Accordingly, pursuant to the Federal Avia­ der E-16614 on April 5, 1961, should be tion Act of 1958, and particularly sections terminated and the complaints of American gation of the proposal, alleging that charging the direct-route fare for service via Memphis 204, 403, 404, and 1002 thereof, Airlines, Inc., in docket 12255, and Eastern It is ordered that: Air Lines, Inc., in docket 12253, should be would cause substantial revenue losses for both American and United, since it would 1. The complaint of United Air Lines, Inc., dismissed. in Docket 23228 is dismissed; and An appropriate order follows. undercut both existing joint fares which ap­ 2. A copy of this order be served upon ORDER ply for services conneoting at Memphis and American Airlines, Inc., and United Air Lines, A full public hearing having been held in the direct Memphis-Los Angeles fares. United Inc. the above-entitled proceeding, and, upon is concerned that Memphis-bound passengers This order shall be published in the Fed­ consideration of the record, there having would purchase the lower-priced Little Rock eral Register. been issued an initial de<:ision containing By the Civil Aeronautics Board: :findings and conclusions which is a.ttached 1 Revisions to Airline Tariff Publishers, Inc., HARRY J. ZINK, hereto and made a part hereof: Agent, Tariff C.A.B. Nos. 99 and 136. Secretary.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES-Thursday, Februa1·y 14, 1974 The House met at 12 o'clock noon. ceedings and announces to the House Mr. MOORHEAD of Pennsylvania. Mr. The Chaplain, Rev. Edward G. Latch, his approval thereof. Speaker, under clause 8 of House rule D.D., offered the following prayer: Without objection, the Journal stands XI, the Committee on Government Oper­ approved. ations has jurisdiction over studying the Thy Word is a lamp unto my feet and There was no objection. operations of Government activities at a light unto my path.-Psalms 119: 105. all levels with a view to determining its O God and Father of us all, guardian economy and efficiency. In the fall of of our pilgrim way and guide of our REQUEST TO TRANSFER CONSENT 1970, the Foreign Operations and Gov­ spirits through life, for this moment we CALENDAR ernment Information Subcommittee, would turn away from the clamor of a which I chair, began a study of the econ­ busy world to lift our hearts unto Thee Mr. O'NEILL. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that the business in omy and efficiency of international air that we may discern more clearly Thy travel by Government officials. We found will for us and for our Nation. Cleanse order under the Consent Calendar rule, clause 4, rule may be transferred that the Department of Defense travel­ Thou our minds, strengthen our souls, xm, ers--both civilian and military-were give us wisdom, and make us ready for from Monday, February 18, to Tuesday, February 19', 19'14. transported by the U.S. international air the responsibilities of these disturbing carriers at substantially lower rates than days. The SPEAK.ER. Is there objection to the request of the gentleman from Mas­ were the official travelers of the non­ Thy love divine hath led us in the past; sachusetts? defense agencies. Efforts had been made In this free land by Thee our lot is cast; Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, I object. over the years to CJbtain the lower rates Be Thou our ruler, guardian, guide, and for all U.S. Government official travelers stay, but to no avail. Thy word our law, Thy paths our chosen By unanimous vote, the House Com­ way. ECONOMY AND EFFICIENCY OF IN­ mittee on Government Operations ap­ In the spirit of Him who is the Way, TERNATIONAL AIR TRAVEL BY proved and adopted our report entitled GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS "Economy and Efficiency of International the Truth, and the Life, we pray. Amen. Air Travel by Government Officials." (M1·. MOORHEAD of Pennsylvania House Report No. 93-599, October 19, THE JOURNAL asked and was given permission to ex­ 1973. In the report it was recommended tend his remarks at this point in the that: The SPEAKER. The Chair has exam­ RECORD and to include extraneous mat­ In view of the progress made during the ined the Journal of the last day's pro- ter.) course of the subcommittee's study-though