3 April May 2020 BGC Newsletter
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With Maryland and Much of the World in Lockdown from the Coronavirus Pandemic, It’S Hard to Know What Lies Ahead
NEWSLETTER OF THE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY OF MARYLAND, INC. | MAY 2020 With Maryland and much of the world in lockdown from the coronavirus pandemic, it’s hard to know what lies ahead. But even with almost everything canceled or postponed, there is no stopping Spring 2020. The flowers are blooming, the trees are leafing out. There is beauty to be seen and what a balm it is in these uncertain times. We hope for health and normalcy soon. Until then, keep gardening, enjoy the outdoors —and stay safe. Programs & EvEnts A New Vice President for Membership Tool Drive PostponeD arah Atherton, a member of the Society for several years, is our The Society’s annual spring Tool Drive Snew vice president for membership. Sarah, who grew up in has been postponed. Members are northwest Washington, D.C., said her love of plants and gardening asked to please keep the Tool Drive in “probably began with a science project on hydroponic gardening” mind for donations of garden tools they no longer use. when she was in the seventh grade. She did her senior internship in the Washington National Cathedral greenhouse and has worked for AnnuAl PlAnT & seeD swAP other greenhouses and nurseries. She was the volunteer coordinator TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 8, 2020 for the Society’s last three garden tours. Photo: Robin V. Willner 6:45 p.m. to 7:15 p.m. Same night as September lecture, Welcome New Members! details to come. Dorothea Abbott Kate Carski Nicole Haddock Caitlyn Kelley AnnuAl GArDen Tour Christina Beneman Rachel Fischer Emily Hanson Chelsea Mahaffey COMING THIS FALL Watch for details. -
Plant Purpose Chart
Common Outdoor Classroom Plants & Their Purpose on Common Name Latin Name (Natives Bolded) Sensory QR Code linked to Bog Plant Webpage Songbirds Butterflies Pollinators Caterpillars Native Bees Webpage AWF Website (Frog Habitat) (Frog Hummingbirds Autumn Joy Sedum Hylotelephium spectabile X X X Y Y Bee Balm Monarda fistulosa X X X X Y Y Beeblossom Gaura lindheimeri X X X Y Y Black-eyed Susan Rudbeckia hirta X X X X X Y Y Blue False Indigo Baptisia australis X X X X X Y Y Blue Vervain Verbena hastata X X X X X X Y Coming Soon Blue or Pink Sage Salvia nemorosa X X Y-Red Sage Y-Red Sage Bronze Fennel Foeniculum vulgare ‘Bronze’ X X X Y-Fennel Y-Fennel Butterfly Milkweed Asclepias tuberosa X X X X X Y Y Cardinal Flower Lobelia cardinalis X X Y Y Chocolate Mint Mentha × piperita 'Chocolate' X Y-Spearmint Y-Spearmint Christmas Fern Polystichum acrostichoides X N Coming Soon Common Milkweed Asclepias syriaca X X X X X Y-Butterfly Milkweed Y-Butterfly Milkweed Common Yarrow Achillea millefolium X X X X Y Y Coral Bells (many colors) Heuchera X X N N Dense Blazing Star Liatris spicata X X X X X X X Y Y Dianthus Dianthus X X N N Dwarf Joe Pye Weed Eutrochium fistulosum X X X X X Y-JoePye Y-JoePye Eastern Red Columbine Aquilegia canadensis X X X X X X Y Y Fennel Foeniculum vulgare X X X Y Y Great Blue Lobelia Lobelia siphilitica X X X X X Y Coming Soon Heartleaf Foamflower Tiarella cordifolia X X X X Y Y Horsetail Equisetum hyemale X Y Y Indian Blanket Gaillardia pulchella X X X X Y Y Joe Pye Weed Eutrochium fistulosum X X X X X Y Y Lady Fern Athyrium -
Community Patterns and Plant Attractiveness to Pollinators in the Texas High Plains
Scale-Dependent Bee (Hymenoptera: Anthophila) Community Patterns and Plant Attractiveness to Pollinators in the Texas High Plains by Samuel Discua, B.Sc., M.Sc. A Dissertation In Plant and Soil Science Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Texas Tech University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Approved Scott Longing Chair of the Committee Nancy McIntyre Robin Verble Cynthia McKenney Joseph Young Mark Sheridan Dean of the Graduate School May, 2021 Copyright 2021, Samuel Discua Texas Tech University, Samuel Discua, May 2021 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS There are many who helped me along the way on this long and difficult journey. I want to take a moment to thank them. First, I wish to thank my dissertation committee. Without their guidance, I would not have made it. Dr. McIntytre, Dr. McKenney, Dr. Young and Dr. Verble served as wise committee members, and Dr. Longing, my committee chair, for sticking with me and helping me reach my goal. To the Longing Lab members, Roberto Miranda, Wilber Gutierrez, Torie Wisenant, Shelby Chandler, Bryan Guevara, Bianca Rendon, Christopher Jewett, thank you for all the hard work. To my family, my parents, my sisters, and Balentina and Bruno: you put up with me being distracted and missing many events. Finally, and most important, to my wife, Baleshka, your love and understanding helped me through the most difficult times. Without you believing in me, I never would have made it. It is time to celebrate; you earned this degree right along with me. I am forever grateful for your patience and understanding. -
Screen Stars by Janet Davis
Screen Stars Use plants that have open, see-through flowers and stems as scrims and screens to bring drama to the garden. BY JANET DAVIS EYOND THE basics of designing a border with appropriate plants Bchosen for their color, height and shape, there is another more ethe- real quality common to a small roster of plants that makes them ideal for adding movement, light, and a sense of enigma to a planting scheme. These are the “see- through” or “scrim” plants. In theater parlance, a scrim is a gauzy, transparent curtain that allows the audience to see through it to a scene being played out in the background. In garden design, such plants fulfill their own roles while encouraging viewers to look through them to other plants or distant corners of the garden. They can also be used as seasonal exclamation points and to par- tially screen views—around a patio or pool, for instance—without obscuring the view completely. The best see-through plants feature tall, wiry stems topped by small or very airy, loose flowers or inflorescences that sway easily in the wind, in delicate con- trast to their more stolid neighbors. The flowers might be slender spikes that create vertical brushstrokes against background plants, bouncing balls that lend a kinetic quality to a planting scheme, or flowers Native to South Africa, wandflower or angel’s fishing rod (Dierama pulcherrimum) is a grassy- that create a hazy effect that invites a look DOREEN WYNJA looking perennial growing to six feet tall that bears drooping stems of pink flowers in summer. -
Notulae to the Italian Alien Vascular Flora: 3 49 Doi: 10.3897/Italianbotanist.3.13126 RESEARCH ARTICLE
Italian Botanist 3: 49–71 (2017) Notulae to the Italian alien vascular flora: 3 49 doi: 10.3897/italianbotanist.3.13126 RESEARCH ARTICLE http://italianbotanist.pensoft.net Notulae to the Italian alien vascular flora: 3 Gabriele Galasso1, Gianniantonio Domina2, Nicola M.G. Ardenghi3, Silvia Assini3, Enrico Banfi1, Fabrizio Bartolucci4, Valentina Bigagli5, Gianmaria Bonari6, Emanuel Bonivento7, Paolo Cauzzi3, Francesco S. D’Amico8, Marco D’Antraccoli9, Daniela Dinelli10, Giulio Ferretti11, Matilde Gennai11, Gabriele Gheza3, Alessandro Guiggi12, Filippo Guzzon3, Duilio Iamonico13, Mauro Iberite14, Marta Latini14, Michele Lonati15, Giacomo Mei16, Gianluca Nicolella14, Nicola Olivieri17, Simonetta Peccenini12, Giacomo Peraldo18, Enrico V. Perrino19, Filippo Prosser20, Francesco Roma-Marzio9, Giovanni Russo21, Alberto Selvaggi22, Adriano Stinca23, Massimo Terzi24, Jean-Marc Tison25, Juri Vannini5, Filip Verloove26, Robert P. Wagensommer27, Thomas Wilhalm28, Chiara Nepi29 1 Sezione di Botanica, Museo di Storia Naturale di Milano, Corso Venezia 55, 20121 Milano, Italy 2 Dipar- timento di Scienze Agrarie e Forestali, Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 38, 90123 Palermo, Italy 3 Dipar- timento di Scienze della Terra e dell’Ambiente, Università di Pavia, Via Sant’Epifanio 14, 27100 Pavia, Italy 4 Scuola di Bioscienze e Medicina Veterinaria, Università di Camerino – Centro Ricerche Floristiche dell’Ap- pennino, Parco Nazionale del Gran Sasso e Monti della Laga, San Colombo, 67021 Barisciano (L’Aquila), Italy 5 Dipartimento provinciale di Pistoia, Area vasta Centro, Agenzia Regionale per la Protezione Ambientale della Toscana, Via dei Baroni 18, 51100 Pistoia, Italy 6 Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università di Sie- na, Via P.A. Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy 7 Via C. Cavour 11, 13845 Ronco Biellese (Biella), Italy 8 Museo Orto Botanico, Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Bari, Via E. -
Invasive Plants from Your Guide to PLANT WISE Gardening INVASIVE - AVOID USE 4 Make Good Choices
Why eliminate invasive plants from Your Guide to PLANT WISE Gardening INVASIVE - AVOID USE 4 Make good choices. Purchase and grow non-invasive exotic PROHIBITED PROHIBITED your garden? NOXIOUS or regional native plants. Do your research. Ask your local COMMON BABY’S NOXIOUS BIGHEAD KNAPWEED NOXIOUS HIMALAYAN BALSAM NOXIOUS OXEYE DAISY Some plants from other parts of the globe originally introduced garden centre or ask a local horticulture expert. Check out Centaurea macrocephala Impatiens glandulifera Leucanthemum vulgare as garden flowers for landscaping, or their medicinal or food BREATH abinvasives.ca and Alberta Native Plant Council anpc.ab.ca. Gypsophila paniculata Long-lived perennial which outcompetes Fast-growing annual. Can reach an impressive Perennial plant introduced as a pond value, have jumped the garden fence to become invasive in the native vegetation. Reproduces by seed. size, rapidly out-competing other plants, ornamental. Pale yellow flowers. Has Ornamental perennial used in floral natural environment. Invasive plants are spread by people and 4 Replace existing invasive plants in your garden with non- Yellow florets on a large flower base or “big especially in riparian areas and along shorelines. tuberous roots and reproduces by seed arrangements. In winter, stems break our activities. These plants have no natural predators to stop their invasive plants. head”. Difficult to remove once established. Orchid-shaped flower resembling a British and fast-moving rhizomes. Forms dense off, blowing around in the wind, like spread, so they survive, thrive, and dominate, in the wild. These Brought in as a garden ornamental. policeman’s helmet. Mature, brittle seed thickets which increase sedimentation and 4 Treat and remove existing invasive plants using species- tumbleweeds, spreading seed to pastures alien invaders cause environmental and habitat degradation, social capsules explode upon contact, catapulting completely changes the habitat. -
Plant Collection
MakeWaterWork Plant Collection Tree COMMON NAME LATIN NAME TYPE WATER NEEDS LIGHT EDIBLE NATIVE PERENNIALS Barrenwort Epimedium (spp.) P SS PS/SH Bigroot Cranesbill Geranium (spp.) P SS S/PS Blanket Flower Gaillardia (spp.) P S S Blue Flax Linum perenne P S* S/PS Butterfly Gaura Gaura lindheimeri P SS S Chives Allium schoenoprasum P S S Edible Cushion Spurge Euphorbia polychroma P S* S/PS Dusseldorf Pride Thrift Armeria maritima (var.) P S S Firewitch Pinks Dianthus (spp.) P SS S Edible Garlic Chives Allium tuberosum P S S Edible German Iris Iris germanica P S S Gloriosa Daisy Rudbeckia hirta P S S Hardy Ice Plant Delosperma (spp.) P S S Heartleaf Bergenia Bergenia cordifolia P SS PS/SH Hen and Chicks Sempervivum (spp.) P S S/PS Jupiter’s Beard Centranthus ruber P SS S/PS Lamb’s Ears Stachys byzantina P SS S/PS/SH Lavender Lavandula (spp.) P S S Edible spp. - means more than one species of the plant family is low-water. var. - means more than one variety of the plant is low-water. | *Two drops in full sun **Three drops in full sun Watering Instructions On average, the Okanagan gets about 11 inches (28 cm) of natural precipitation annually. The amount of additional water a plant will need in the growing season will be affected by the type of soil it is growing in and whether or not the soil has been covered by mulch (which helps retain moisture!). The water needs indicated (1 or 2 drops) are for mulched, average, well-drained soil with good organic content and after the plants are established. -
An Evaluation Study of Russian Sage Cultivars (Perovskia Spp.)
Plant Evaluation Notes | Issue 46, 2020 An Evaluation Study of Russian Sage Cultivars ( Perovskia spp.) Richard G. Hawke, Plant Evaluation Manager and Associate Scientist Perovskia atriplicifolia Russian sage is a popular garden and A number of cultivars attributed to Russian landscape plant valued for its laven- sage (P. atriplicifolia) are widely cultivated; der-blue flowers over a generous another species, Caspian sage (P. abrota- bloom period, silvery green leaves, noides) is less common in gardens. Howev- shrubby habit, and companionability er, botanical traits of P. abrotanoides — with many other plants. Long cultivat- most notably bipinnately dissected leaves ed as an herbaceous perennial—it was and narrow flower panicles—are present in introduced into the United Kingdom in some cultivars of P. atriplicifolia, leading to the early twentieth century—Russian the presumption that these cultivars may sage is technically a subshrub, which be hybrids between the two species. Re- is a plant with a woody base that pro- cent taxonomic developments subsumed duces herbaceous stems during the Perovskia into the genus Salvia, and P. atri- growing season. Incidentally, in spite plicifolia specifically, has been renamed of its common name, Russian sage is Salvia yangii. not native to Russia. The cultivars of Russian sage offer up a Perovskia spp. is a member of the mint subtle variation in flower colors compared family (Lamiaceae) with seven species to perennials such as autumn sage (Salvia native to southwestern and central Asia. greggii) and garden phlox (Phlox panicula- Perovskia atriplicifolia 'Superba' Plant Evaluation Notes | chicagobotanic.org | 2 ta) that come in a rich variety of colors. -
Bioactive Products from Endophytic Fungi of Sages (Salvia Spp.)
agriculture Review Bioactive Products from Endophytic Fungi of Sages (Salvia spp.) Beata Zimowska 1, Monika Bielecka 2,* , Barbara Abramczyk 3 and Rosario Nicoletti 4,5 1 Department of Plant Protection, University of Life Sciences, Leszczy´nskiego7, 20-069 Lublin, Poland; [email protected] 2 Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland 3 Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, Czartoryskich 8, 24-100 Puławy, Poland; [email protected] 4 Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops, 81100 Caserta, Italy; [email protected] 5 Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, 80055 Portici, Italy * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 29 October 2020; Accepted: 10 November 2020; Published: 12 November 2020 Abstract: In the aim of implementing new technologies, sustainable solutions and disruptive innovation to sustain biodiversity and reduce environmental pollution, there is a growing interest by researchers all over the world in bioprospecting endophytic microbial communities as an alternative source of bioactive compounds to be used for industrial applications. Medicinal plants represent a considerable source of endophytic fungi of outstanding importance, which highlights the opportunity of identifying and screening endophytes associated with this unique group of plants, widespread in diverse locations and biotopes, in view of assessing their biotechnological potential. As the first contribution of a series of papers dedicated to the Lamiaceae, this article reviews the occurrence and properties of endophytic fungi associated with sages (Salvia spp.). Keywords: sage; endophytes; bioprospecting; bioactive compounds; medicinal plants; Lamiaceae 1. -
Meadowsweet Plant List 2020.Xlsx
Latin name Common Name Cultivar/Colour Agrimonia eupatoria Agrimony Smyrnium olusatrum Alexanders Aloe vera Aloe vera Lobularia maritima Alyssum White Amaranthus hypochondriachus Amaranth Golden Giant Amaranthus tricolor Amaranth Mekong Red Amaranthus tricolor Amaranth Red & Green leaf amaranth Angelica archangelica Angelica Agastache foeniculum Anise Hyssop Blue Agastache foeniculum Anise Hyssop White Pimpinella anisum Aniseed Aquilegia Aquilegia Various Cynara scolymus Artichoke Green Cynara scolymus Artichoke Purple de Jesi Cynara scolymus Artichoke Violetta Astragalus membranaceus Astragalus Cedronella canariensis Balm of Gilead Ocimum kilimandscharicum Basil Camphor Ocimum Basil Cinnamon Ocimum Basil Emerald Towers Ocimum Basil Fino Verde Ocimum Basil Lemon Ocimum Basil Lime Ocimum Basil Red Rubin Ocimum tenuifolium Basil Sacred Ocimum basilicum Basil Sweet Genovese Ocimum Basil Thai/Liquorice Laurus nobilis Bay Monarda citriodora Bergamot Lemon Bee Balm Monarda didyma Bergamot Oswego Tea/Scarlet Bee Balm Monarda fistulosa Bergamot Wild Bee Balm Borago officinalis Borage Blue Borago officinalis Borage White Bacopa monnieri Brahmi Bulbinella frutescens Bulbine Arctium lappa Burdock - Greater Calamintha nepeta Calamint - Lesser Calendula officinalis Calendula Orange/Yellow Calendula officinalis Calendula Sunset Tones Physalis peruviana Cape Gooseberry Cynara cardunculus Cardoon Nepeta faasinii Catmint Blue Cottage Nepeta faasinii Catmint White Nepeta cataria Catnip Chelidonium majus Celandine - Greater Greater Centella asiatica Centella -
Combating Land Degradation and Biodiversity Loss by Promoting Sustainable Rangeland Management and Biodiversity Conservation in Afghanistan
FAO-GEF PROJECT DOCUMENT Project Title: Combating land degradation and biodiversity loss by promoting sustainable rangeland management and biodiversity conservation in Afghanistan GEF ID: 10169 FAO Entity Number: 658880 FAO Project Symbol: GCP /AFG/102/GFF Country(ies): Afghanistan EOD (Implementation start): January 2021 NTE (Implementation end): December 2025 Environmental and Social Risk low risk moderate risk x high risk Classification: Gender Marker: G0 G1 x G2a G2b Contribution to FAO’s Strategic § Strategic Objective/Organizational Outcome: Framework: Strategic Objective 2: Increase and improve provision of goods and services from (Indicate as appropriate) agriculture, forestry, and fisheries in a sustainable manner (Output 2.1.1: Practices piloted, tested or scaled up by producers, to sustainably increase productivity, address climate change and environmental degradation and Output 2.1.2: Capacities of institutions are strengthened to promote the adoption of more integrated and cross-sectoral practices that sustainably increase production, address climate change and environmental degradation), and; Strategic Objective 4: Enable more inclusive and efficient agriculture and food production systems (Output 4.3.1: Value chain actors equipped with technical and managerial capacities to develop inclusive, efficient and sustainable agrifood value chains). § Country Outcome(s): Afghanistan § Country Programming Framework(s) Output(s): Priority area 1. Better governance through improved capacity for policy planning, land reform, decentralization, management of common natural resources. Outputs 1.2: Sustainable Management of Common Resources. § Regional Initiative/Priority Area: Regional Initiative on Climate Change and enhancement of sustainable management and use of natural resources, sub-area 8. Land restoration, including sustainable forest management, sustainable land and soil management, and biodiversity conservation. -
To PRINT Our Full Plant Catalogue
HH Yes, that’s right, HH, not HRH. Random hieroglyphics, coded scratches? Not really. These were the initials of the maker or one of the makers of our small Byre, his sharp Carpenters chisel in hand and immortality achieved in a few swift strokes topped and bottomed with bold, crude serifs. More often seen are carved marks left on old timber framed buildings to aid their construction. The section of oak bearing these less commonly seen initials was discovered when chain sawing our mountain of discarded timber produced by the Byre build for firewood. It had come from oak timbers cut out to make the openings for Velux windows (what would HH have made of these I wonder?). It then struck me the green oak he used may have germinated in the 16C, a chance sapling left to grow in a hedgerow or light woodland and 200 years later deemed ready for felling. What an archaeological legacy then under our noses! Buildings by their nature can hold onto their marks for centuries but for gardeners using our palette of flowers, grasses and shrubs the act of leaving any permanency is virtually impossible. Have you noticed how a planting when left alone can change dramatically from one year to the next without your help? The planting of a tree is by its nature an emphatic statement, though even with a potentially longer time frame to the other plants mentioned there essentially remains no difference. Like it or not, ephemerality and impermanence go hand in hand with all the plants and gardens we create - they conform to the Buddhist precept that ‘all is transient’.