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9Th Edition P Remio S Fund a Ció N Fro N Te Ras D El C Ono Cimie N To Premios Fundación Fronteras del Conocimiento · Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Awards IX edición · 9th edition 4 Francisco González Presidente President Fundación BBVA BBVA Foundation Los Premios Fundación BBVA Fronteras del Conoci- The BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Awards were in- 5 miento son, desde su misma concepción, un tributo tended from the outset as a tribute of the highest del mayor nivel a la entera comunidad científica order to the entire scientific and creative commu- y creadora que, haciendo avanzar sus respectivos nity. All those who by pushing the boundaries of ámbitos de especialización, contribuyen de manera their specialist areas contribute piece by piece to agregada a transformar el sistema de coordenadas transform the coordinates that steer us through the desde el que entendemos el mundo natural y social, natural and social world, revealing new layers, facets revelando nuevos estratos, facetas y procesos que and processes that were once opaque to our concep- anteriormente habían sido opacos a nuestro entrama- tual understanding and empirical evidence, inherited do conceptual y evidencia empírica heredados de un from a previous time. The universe of art, represented período anterior. El universo del arte, representado here by music, contributes furthermore to broad- en esta familia de premios a través de la música, ening and renewing our individual and collective contribuye además a ensanchar y renovar nuestra sensibility and our aesthetic codes and criteriology. sensibilidad individual y colectiva, y nuestros códigos y criteriología estética. The cornerstone of this family of awards is scrupu- lous respect for knowledge and the culture that both El eje vertebrador de esta familia de galardones es el grows from it and helps facilitate or even shape its respeto escrupuloso al conocimiento y la cultura que progress. This respect is patent in the structure se nutre de él, al tiempo que contribuye a hacerlo of the disciplines, new and classical, addressed posible e incluso a modelarlo. Ese respeto se asienta by the awards, in whose framework knowledge is sobre la estructura de las disciplinas clásicas y nuevas created and organized. The eight prize categories representadas en los premios, en cuyo marco se gene- are congruent with the knowledge map of the 21st ra y organiza el conocimiento. Las ocho categorías de century. A map distinctly of our time in which los premios responden al mapa del conocimiento en Climate Change, Ecology and Conservation Biology el siglo xxi que, como elemento diferencial de nues- and Information Technologies take their place be- tros tiempos, sitúa el Cambio Climático, la Ecología side established yet constantly evolving domains like y Biología de la Conservación y las Tecnologías de Basic Sciences or Biomedicine. la Información al nivel de áreas clásicas —pero en renovación permanente— como las Ciencias Básicas This vindication of the value and power of knowledge o la Biomedicina. is more relevant than ever in an age when informa- tion flows at dizzying speeds to all corners of the Esta reivindicación del valor y el poder del conoci- globe, with a reach and accessibility unthinkable as miento cobra especial relevancia en una época en la little as twenty years ago. In such a context, it is more que la información fluye a enorme velocidad y a es- imperative than ever to distinguish the true from cala global, con grados de accesibilidad y capilaridad the false, the essence from the extras, the informa- desconocidos hace tan solo un par de décadas atrás. tion interpreted and validated in the light of theory En este contexto se hace especialmente necesario from the noise emitted by ideologies and traditions discernir lo verdadero de lo falso, lo fundamental alien to the modus operandi of rational thought; y lo accesorio, el dato validado e interpretado a la the “trial and error” that is a hallmark of scientific luz de una teoría del ruido emanado de ideologías knowledge. And who better to guide us as a society y tradiciones de espaldas al modus operandi del in this process of discernment than the individuals pensamiento racional, de la estrategia de «ensayo who have invested their talent and dedication to y error» propio del hacer científico. Quienes mejor achieve transformative advances? This is the principle pueden guiarnos como sociedad en ese proceso de inspiring the Frontiers Awards and the reason why discernimiento son las personas que con su talento they so willingly cede the stage to the scientific and y dedicación han logrado llevar a cabo avances de la creative community: firstly in the process of submit- mayor significación. Ese es el principio que inspira ting candidatures through their most representative a los Premios Fronteras y por el que se concede de institutions and, secondly, through their presence manera natural todo el protagonismo a la comunidad on the international juries, one for each category, científica y creativa: primero en el proceso de presen- formed by renowned experts in the subject matter tación de candidaturas a través de sus instituciones who deliberate impartially with excellence as their más representativas, y posteriormente al constituir sole yardstick. The specialist nature of each jury keeps jurados específicos e internacionales en cada cate- the awards from losing their way in this knowledge goría, formados por destacados expertos del área y map, with its increasingly complex interdisciplinary que actúan con total independencia y compromiso grid, and leads them to the true breakthroughs in con la excelencia. La especialización de cada jurado each domain; those that will eventually merge into evita que los premios se pierdan o tomen caminos the background culture and, from there, inform our equivocados en ese mapa del conocimiento, cada individual and collective choices. vez más complejo e interdisciplinar, e identifiquen de verdad los hitos más relevantes de cada disciplina, For if the awards’ mission is to recognize contribu- que antes o después se funden con la cultura toda y tions that expand the frontiers of knowledge and to crean las bases para la toma de decisiones individua- place their architects in a public light, how better to les y colectivas. do so than by relying on the judgement of the com- munities of experts who have made the awards their Si el objetivo principal de los premios es reconocer own and cemented their repute in their respective contribuciones que han movido las fronteras del co- knowledge fields? nocimiento y dar la máxima visibilidad a quienes las han hecho posibles, la garantía para acertar en esa The BBVA Foundation is proud to continue promot- elección es la implicación de las correspondientes ing and strengthening this global initiative born in comunidades de expertos que han hecho suyos estos Spain, in which our country’s scientists join naturally premios y los han consolidado como una referencia in the nomination and decision processes with their en sus distintos ámbitos. colleagues in prestigious institutions the world over. We are aided in this task by a long list of researchers Para la Fundación BBVA es un orgullo continuar re- from our premier multidisciplinary scientific organiza- forzando desde España año a año una iniciativa a tion, the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), to escala global en la que los investigadores de nuestro whom I extend here our sincerest thanks. país se incorporan de forma natural a los procesos de nominación y deliberación junto a los procedentes The result of this complex and extraordinarily open de instituciones de primer nivel del resto del mundo. process of nomination and evaluation is the singular En esta tarea contamos con la colaboración, que roll of excellence formed by the names present in agradecemos muy sinceramente, de numerosos inves- these pages. To each of them our unreserved admira- tigadores de nuestra principal institución científica tion and gratitude. multidisciplinar, el Consejo Superior de Investigacio- nes Científicas (CSIC). El resultado de este complejo y enormemente abierto proceso de nominación y evaluación es el singular elenco de personalidades de excelencia que presen- tamos en estas páginas, y a los que queremos dejar constancia de nuestro reconocimiento y gratitud. Emilio Lora-Tamayo Presidente President CSIC CSIC La ciencia y sus aplicaciones, junto con el arte y sus Science and its applications, along with art and its cre- 7 creaciones son, sin lugar a dudas, los dos mayores lo- ations, are without doubt the two supreme achieve- gros de nuestra especie y son los únicos de los que po- ments of our species, and the only ones of which we demos sentirnos plenamente orgullosos. Pensándolo can feel truly proud. And yet, when we think about bien, arte y ciencia son, sin embargo, dos actividades it, art and science are two very different activities. If muy diferentes: si Beethoven no hubiera nacido, na- Beethoven had never been born, no one else would die habría escrito nunca la Quinta sinfonía en do have written the Fifth Symphony in C minor, but if his menor como él la escribió pero, aunque no hubiera near contemporary Charles Darwin had never existed, existido su cuasi contemporáneo Charles Darwin, someone else would have come up with the theory of alguien habría formulado la teoría evolucionista y lo evolution and, moreover, would have done so in the habría hecho además en la misma época y casi por same period and practically the same years. los mismos años. This is because works of art are literally unimprovable Ocurre que las obras de
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