DOCSLIB.ORG

I Evolution of Indian Culture and Civilization

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
I Evolution of Indian Culture and Civilization Unit-I Evolution of Indian culture and civilization Chapter 1- Palaeolithic culture Lower Palaeolithic culture Middle Palaeolithic culture Upper Palaeolithic culture Chapter 2- Mesolithic cultures Chapter 3-Neolithic culture Chapter 4- Chalcolithic cultures Chapter 5- Megalithic culture Chapter 6- Indus valley civilization Origins of Indus valley civilization Geography, environment and chronology of Indian valley civilization Urban planning in Indus valley civilization Trade and commerce in Indus valley civilization Religion of Indus people Theories regarding the decline of Indus valley civilization Chapter 7- Life of early Vedic people Chapter 8-Life of later Vedic people Chapter 9- Contribution of tribal cultures to Vedic culture Unit – II Paleo-anthropological evidences from India Chapter 1- Narmada basin and Siwaliks Chapter 2- Ramapithecus, Sivapithecus and Narmada man Chapter 3- Ethnoarchaeology Unit – III Impact of Buddhism, Jainism, islam and Christianity on India Chapter 1- Impact of Buddhism on Hindu culture Chapter 2- Impact of Jainism on Hindu culture Chapter 3- Impact of Islam on Indian culture Chapter 4- Impact of Christianity on Indian culture Unit - IV Population, biogenetic and linguistic characters of the people of India Chapter 1 Population of India Chapter 2 Growth of population in India Chapter 3 Effects of over population in India Chapter 4 Measures for controlling the rapid growth of population in India Chapter 5 Family planning in India Chapter 6 Guha’s classification of races in India Chapter 7 Negrito element in India Chapter 8 Linguistic elements in India Unit – V Growth of Anthropology in India Chapter 1 - Growth of anthropology in India Chapter 2- Contribution of British and Indian anthropologists Chapter 3 Growth of tribal studies in India Chapter 4 Growth of peasant studies in India Unit-VI Varna and jati in India Chapter 1- Varna Chapter 2- Ashrama Chapter 3- Purusharthas Rina Karma theory Chapter 4- Caste Origin of caste Characteristics of caste Working of caste system Ranking of castes Jajmani system Caste and economy Caste and politics Varna and jati Caste mobility Future of caste system Unit - VII Concepts for studying the culture and society in India Chapter 1- Great tradition and little tradition Chapter 2- Universalisation and parochialisation Chapter 3- Sacred complex Chapter 4- Nature-man-spirit complex Chapter 5- Sanskritisation Chapter 6- Westernisation Chapter 7- Dominant caste Chapter 8- Tribe-caste continuum Unit- VIII Indian Village Chapter 1- Village studies in India Chapter 2- Settlement patterns in India Chapter 3- Agrarian social structure Chapter 4- Agrarian structure in pre-British period Chapter 5- Agrarian structure in British period Chapter 6- Agrarian structure in post-independence period Chapter 7- Agrarian structure in contemporary India Chapter 8- Impact of market economy on agrarian structure Chapter 9- Social consequences of green revolution Unit-1 EVOLUTION OF INDIAN CULTURE Chapter 1- PALAEOLITHIC CULTURE The term prehistory refers to the period when there was no written record. Understanding and reconstruction of the life ways of ancient men during that period is based on the analysis of the material remains of their activities, such as tool making, animal hunting, food gathering etc., through archaeological explorations and excavations. The prehistoric period has been mainly divided into three ages, namely the Stone, Bronze and Iron ages based on the changes in technology and social and cultural developments. The Stone Age is divided into three periods, namely Palaeolithic, Mesolithic and Neolithic, based on technological developments and gradual evolution of culture. The people living during that period made tools and implements on stones which were easily available in the surroundings. Besides, they also used wood, bamboo, bones etc. for making tools. However, as these are perishable materials and disintegrate fast, we do not get much evidence of these tools in archaeological contexts. Palaeolithic culture in India Robert Bruce Foote, a British geologist discovered and identified the first Palaeolithic tool in the Indian Subcontinent in 1863, at the village of Pallavaram, near Madras (now Chennai) and laid the foundations of the Prehistory in India. Since then, prehistoric archaeologists have located hundreds of prehistoric sites in different parts of India and are attempting to understand the life ways of prehistoric people. The Palaeolithic sites are found throughout the Indian subcontinent in a variety of ecological contexts, including montane regions, hill slopes, alluvial settings, coastal plains, and in rock shelters. The archaeological record clearly indicates that Acheulian was the earliest stage of hominin occupation of the subcontinent. The Acheulian site of Isampur has been dated to 1.2 million years by ESR (Electron Spin Resonance) dating method. 1. LOWER PALAEOLITHIC CULTURE 1.1 Distribution: The Lower Palaeolithic cultures occur in all parts of India except Tinnelvelly District in Tamil Nadu and the Kerala State in South India and the Sindh province in North West India. In Peninsular India, they occur in the middle and the upper reaches of rivers and streams, foot hills, caves, and rock shelters (M.P., T.N. and Maharashtra) forested areas (Bulsar In Maharashtra and Peernala in M.P) and at open air factory sites (Nevasa, Lalitpur, Anangawadi, Vadamadurai, etc.,) In Extra-Peninsular India, they occur in the glacier– pluvial deposits of Kashmir and in the middle and upper reaches of river Valleys of Punjab, Kashmir, Assam, Meghalaya, and Arunachal Pradesh. These cultures occur at open-air sites on river banks (Sohan River in West Punjab), on high hills (Phalgaon in Kashmir), in thick forests and perennial river streams (Kangra in Punjab) and foot-hills (Meghalaya and Arunachal Pradesh). 1.2 Environment The environment in which the Lower Palaeolithic cultures existed was not uniform. When the Potwar Plateau and Kashmir Valley in extra-Peninsular India were under the influence of the great Ice Age characterized by glacial and inter glacial phases, the river Valleys in Peninsular India were experiencing climatic fluctuations in terms of pluvial conditions during Pleistocene epoch. The environment was rich in flora and fauna. The floral remains occur in the form of a carbonized trunk of Terminalia Arjuna species at Mulanagar in Ahmednagar dist, un-identifiable silicified wood pieces at Nevasa and Pollen grains of Chilbil from the fossil soil near Imamgaon in Poona Dist. – all in Maharashtra. Several sites located in the areas between Hoshangabad and Narsingpur Dist. in M.P., yielded remains of wild elephant, wild horse, wild Ox, hippopotamus, rhinoceros, deer and seven more animals. The remains of wild elephant and wild ox have been found at sites like Nandumadhaneswar, Mulanagar, Yeldani, Kalegaon, Chandoli, Kalamb, Amaravathi, Chanda and Wardha in Maharashtra, Chikdauli, Yelhatti and Kittur in Karnataka. 1.3 Chronology 2 million years – 1,05,000 years ago Lower Pleistocene :2.5 million years- 7,80,000 Middle Pleistocene: 7,80,000-1,26,000 There are diverse views on the chronology of Lower Palaeolithic culture in India. I. De Terra and Paterson (1939) considered the geological and palaeontological evidences and placed the Lower Palaeolithic culture in the Middle Pleistocene. II. Zeuner (1962) and Wainwright (1964) studied the sea level changes on the west coast in India and concluded the Lower Palaeolithic existed in the Upper Pleistocene. III. Sankalia (1964) studied the geological and stratigraphic evidence in the Narmada, Godavari, Prabha, and Krishna River Valleys and estimated the time period of Lower Palaeolithic between the Late Middle Pleistocene and its upper level to the Upper Pleistocene times. IV. Paterson and Drummond (1962) compared the Archaeological evidence in the contiguous places from Potwar in West Punjab to South Africa and concluded that the Lower Palaeolithic in Kashmir existed in the third glacial and the third inter-glacial periods of Pleistocene. V. Investigations into the marine and semi-marine formation of the east coast near Madras and West coast yielded archaeological evidence placing the Lower Palaeolithic at Sohan in the second inter-glacial period of the Middle Pleistocene. 1.4 Materials The Lower Palaeolithic people utilized the raw materials available in their environment. Their principle material used for making tools was granular quartzite in the form of river pebbles. Very rarely people collected fine-grained quartzite collected from the riverbeds, raw materials for making tools. 1.5 Ancestral human being Homo Habilis Homo Erectus 1.6 Cultural diversities The Lower Palaeolithic culture was not uniform. It may be divided into three broad groups. a) Soan culture (Soan Valley in Pakistan – Choppers and Chopping tools). b) Narmada culture (Adamgarh Hill) - Higher occurrence of cleavers and a combination of hand axes and Choppers and Chopping tools). c) Madras culture (Attirampakkam site situated on Budida manuvanka and Kartalayar near Vadamadurai – Hand axes). 1.7 Tool making Stone tool making Stone tool production A Chopper A Handaxe A Cleaver Acheulian Stone Tools: Cleavers and Handaxe 1.7 Soan Culture The Sohanian culture, termed after the river Sohan (or Soan), a tributary of the Indus, came into limelight through the Yale-Cambridge Expedition led by H. de Terra and T.T. Paterson in 1939. The evidence of this culture is found at a number of sites in the Siwalik hills in northwest India
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Linguapax Review 2010 Linguapax Review 2010
    LINGUAPAX REVIEW 2010 MATERIALS / 6 / MATERIALS Col·lecció Materials, 6 Linguapax Review 2010 Linguapax Review 2010 Col·lecció Materials, 6 Primera edició: febrer de 2011 Editat per: Amb el suport de : Coordinació editorial: Josep Cru i Lachman Khubchandani Traduccions a l’anglès: Kari Friedenson i Victoria Pounce Revisió dels textos originals en anglès: Kari Friedenson Revisió dels textos originals en francès: Alain Hidoine Disseny i maquetació: Monflorit Eddicions i Assessoraments, sl. ISBN: 978-84-15057-12-3 Els continguts d’aquesta publicació estan subjectes a una llicència de Reconeixe- ment-No comercial-Compartir 2.5 de Creative Commons. Se’n permet còpia, dis- tribució i comunicació pública sense ús comercial, sempre que se’n citi l’autoria i la distribució de les possibles obres derivades es faci amb una llicència igual a la que regula l’obra original. La llicència completa es pot consultar a: «http://creativecom- mons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/es/deed.ca» LINGUAPAX REVIEW 2010 Centre UNESCO de Catalunya Barcelona, 2011 4 CONTENTS PRESENTATION Miquel Àngel Essomba 6 FOREWORD Josep Cru 8 1. THE HISTORY OF LINGUAPAX 1.1 Materials for a history of Linguapax 11 Fèlix Martí 1.2 The beginnings of Linguapax 14 Miquel Siguan 1.3 Les débuts du projet Linguapax et sa mise en place 17 au siège de l’UNESCO Joseph Poth 1.4 FIPLV and Linguapax: A Quasi-autobiographical 23 Account Denis Cunningham 1.5 Defending linguistic and cultural diversity 36 1.5 La defensa de la diversitat lingüística i cultural Fèlix Martí 2. GLIMPSES INTO THE WORLD’S LANGUAGES TODAY 2.1 Living together in a multilingual world.
    [Show full text]
  • Issues in Indian Politics
    ISSUES IN INDIAN POLITICS STUDY MATERIAL SECOND SEMESTER CORE COURSE : POL2C07 For M.A.POLITICAL SCIENCE (2019 ADMISSION) UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT SCHOOL OF DISTANCE EDUCATION Calicut University P.O, Malappuram, Kerala, India 673 635 School of Distance Education UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT SCHOOL OF DISTANCE EDUCATION STUDY MATERIAL SECOND SEMESTER MA POLITICAL SCIENCE (2019 ADMISSION) CORE COURSE : POL2C07: ISSUES IN INDIAN POLITICS Prepared by : Dr. Sabu Thomas, Assistant Professor in Political Science, Government Brennen College, Thalassery Layout: ‘H’ Section, SDE © Reserved Issues in Indian Politics Page 2 School of Distance Education CONTENTS MODULE PARTICULARS PAGE NO. I Dialectics of caste and class 5 – 12 Nature of party system: II 13 – 24 A. Ideology and social base of major political parties in india B. All india parties C. Regional political parties – an overview Electoral politics III 25 – 36 Political participation and electoral behavior: electoral reforms Challenges to secular polity IV 37 – 47 Secularism – theory and practice. Challenges to secularism in india – caestism, Communalism and religious fundamentalism Marginalised sections: linguistic and ethnic movements: V 48 – 54 Women and children; scheduled castes and scheduled tribes VI Democracy, development and globalilzation 55 - 62 Issues in Indian Politics Page 3 School of Distance Education Issues in Indian Politics Page 4 School of Distance Education MODULE I DIALECTICS OF CASTE AND CLASS INTRODUCTION Caste and Class occupies a major role in the debates on Indian political system. It was one of the pivotal operating tool that guided the political development in the state.The Indian political structures are deeply rooted in the caste structures of the society.
    [Show full text]
  • Indian Archaeology, Epigraphy and Ancient History ABSTRACTS
    IIT Gandhinagar, August 23-24, 2012 Workshop on Indian Archaeology, Epigraphy and Ancient History ABSTRACTS Dr Shanti Pappu Prehistoric Archaeology in India: Introducing Key Issues and Future Prospects This paper presents an overview of recent issues and debates in the study of prehistoric archaeology. We present a brief overview of Indian prehistory in the context of recent studies and questions topics related to early hominin dispersals, lithic technology, palaeoenvironments and behavioural variability of populations, over a period beginning around 2 million years ago. We then situate our recent research along the southeast coast of India (Tamil Nadu), in this perspective. Our multidisciplinary approach aims at investigating the nature of prehistoric sites in this region, establishing a chronology, and examining how populations adapted to past environmental changes. We present an overview of recent aspects of our research including excavations at Attirampakkam, palaeoenvironments at this site, implications of recent attempts to date the site, and lithic technology, use of satellite remote sensing and GIS and digital technology in prehistory. We discuss future directions which prehistoric archaeology in India should take to situate it on par with studies being conducted elsewhere in the world, and ways in which collaborate research with other institutes of science and technology, may aid in establishing new directions for this subject. Since 2000, Dr Shanti Pappu has conducted excavations at the Palaeolithic site of Attirampakkam, Tamil Nadu. She is founder‐secretary, Sharma Centre for Heritage Education, Chennai, and joint editor of Man and Environment, journal of the Indian Society for Prehistoric and Quaternary Studies, Pune. She has published two books and more than 20 research publications in peer‐reviewed national and international journals, as also one children’s book and popular articles.
    [Show full text]
  • Mobility and Subsistence Strategies: a Case Study of Inamgaon) a Chalcolithic Site in Western India
    Mobility and Subsistence Strategies: A Case Study of Inamgaon) A Chalcolithic Site in Western India SHEENA PANJA ARCHAEOLOGY TODAY deals with being critical of our assumptions; being re­ flexive, relational, and contextual. The conclusions are always flexible and open to change as new relations emerge. It is impossible to approach the data without prejudice and without some general theory, but the aim is to evaluate such gen­ erality in relation to the contextual data. Our own understanding about human behavior acts as a generalization with which to understand the past. Nevertheless, we can agree that the past is objectively organized in contexts that are different from our own. The internal archaeological evidence then forces us to consider whether the past subject we are dealing with is familiar to us or makes us rethink deep-seated presuppositions about the nature of human behavior. The objective component of archaeological data means that the archaeologist can be confronted with a past that is different from the present. It is this guarded objectivity of the material "other" that provides the basis of critique. It is thus a hermeneutical pro­ cedure that involves a dialectical interplay between our own understandings and the forms of life we are seeking to understand. It is an ongoing dialogue between the past and the present in which the outcome resides wholly in neither side but is a product of both (Hodder 1991; Hodder et al. 1995; Wylie 1989). It is with these ideas in mind that this article is aimed to analyze critically certain categories archaeologists use to understand human behavior in a dialectical effort to understand the past.
    [Show full text]
  • Social Structure and Social Change Dsoc201
    SOCIAL STRUCTURE AND SOCIAL CHANGE DSOC201 Edited by Dr. Sukanya Das SOCIAL STRUCTURE AND SOCIAL CHANGE Edited By: Dr. Sukanya Das Printed by USI PUBLICATIONS 2/31, Nehru Enclave, Kalkaji Ext., New Delhi-110019 for Directorate of Distance Education Lovely Professional University Phagwara SYLLABUS Social Structure and Social Change Objectives 1. To familiarize the students about the Structural aspects of Sociology. 2. To make students understand how economic factors and demographic change are causing significant social change in various societies. Sr. No. Description 1 Indian Society: Unity and diversity in India; Religious, Linguistic, Cultural and Regional diversities of Indian society; Evolution of Indian society- socio-cultural dimensions 2 Major Segments of Indian Society: Tribal life in India, Village and urban communities in India 3 Marriage, Family and Kinship: Forms of Marriage, Family and Kinship among Hindus, Muslims and Christians and their changing trends; Decline of joint family: causes and consequences 4 Caste System in India: Characteristics, Power Dimensions of Caste in India, Pollution and Purity, Dominant Caste, Inter-Caste Relations, Jajmani system, Changing trends and Future of caste system 5 Status of Women: Gender discrimination, violence against women, quest for equality, changing status of women 6 Social Change: Meaning, nature and forms of social change- Evolution, Progress, Diffusion, Transformation, Revolution 7 Theories of Social Change: Linear, cyclical and curvilinear. 8 Processes of Change: Change in structure and change of structure, Sanskritisation, Westernisation, Modernisation, Secularization and globalisation 9 Factors of Social Change: Demographic, economic, religious, technological bio-tech, infotech and media 10 Social Change in Contemporary India: Trends of change, Economic development and social change- Industrialisation, urbanisation.
    [Show full text]
  • 1. Linguistics
    Topical Report 1. Linguistics MILTON E. BARKER Received I6 April I962 The linguistic sessions of the Tenth Pacific Science Congress, held in Honolulu from 21 August to 6 September 1961, were well attended; and those present report an increased interest in the field of linguistics. The following resolutions were approved and adopted at the closing Plenary Session of the Congress: Current research on Austronesian and Papuan languages is inadequate for scientific needs, and some of them face imminent extinction unless prompt action is taken. Though estimates place the number of languages in the area close to a thousand, ap­ proximately a fourth or a fifth of the total for the entire world, only a few of the world's small group of linguists have worked in the Oceanic area. As prehistoric population movements in Oceania have been a major interest of this Congress, and as linguistic information constitutes a principal line of evidence toward the reconstruction of po­ pulation movements, large-scale expansion of bothdescriptive and comparativelinguistic studies is essential to the efficient exploitation of linguistic evidence. RESOLVED that all possible steps be taken to expand research on Pacific languages. Further linguistic surveys in Southeast Asia are needed. RESOLVED that every possible assistance and encouragement be given to institutions of the new nations of Southeast Asia wishing to make linguistic surveys of their peoples. A number of linguists interested in the languages of the Pacific Islands and neighbouring areas held a series of discussions at the Tenth Pacific Science Con­ gress how to keep themselves informed of each other's work and finally decided to produce a bibliographical publication to be called Oceanic Linguistics whose primary purpose is to provide up-to-date information on research in progress, recently completed, or recently published anywhere in the world.
    [Show full text]
  • Subsistence Strategies and Burial Rituals: Social Practices in the Late Deccan Chalcolithic
    Subsistence Strategies and Burial Rituals: Social Practices in the Late Deccan Chalcolithic TERESA P. RACZEK IN THE SECOND MILLENNIUM B.C., THE RESIDENTS OF THE WESTERN DECCAN region of India practiced an agropastoral lifestyle and buried their infant children in ceramic urns below their house floors. With the coming of the first millennium B.C., the inhabitants of the site of Inamgaon altered their subsistence practices to incorporate more wild meat and fewer grains into their diet. Although daily practices in the form of food procurement changed, infant burial practices remained constant from the Early Jorwe (1400 B.c.-lOOO B.C.) to the Late Jorwe (1000 B.c.-700 B.C.) period. Examining interments together with subsistence strategies firmly situates ideational practices within the fabric of daily life. This paper will explore the relationship between change and continuity in burial and subsistence practices around 1000 B.C. at the previously excavated Cha1colithic site of Inamgaon in the western Deccan (Fig. 1). By considering the act of burial as a moment of social construction that both creates and reflects larger traditions, it is possible to understand how each individual interment affects chronological variability. That burial traditions at Inamgaon were continuously recreated in the face of a changing society suggests that meaningful and significant practices were actively upheld. Burial practices at Inamgaon were both structured and fluid enough to allow room for individual and group expression. The con­ temporaneous variability that occurs in the burial record at Inamgaon may reflect the marking of various aspects of personhood. Burial traditions and the ability and desire of the living to conforITl to them vary over time and it is important to consider the specific social context in which they occur.
    [Show full text]
  • Artical Festivals of Maharashtra
    ARTICAL FESTIVALS OF MAHARASHTRA. Name- CDT. VEDASHREE PRAVEEN THAKUR. Regimental no.- 1 /MAH/ 20 /SW/ N/ 714445. Institution- BHONSALA MILITARY COLLEGE. INTRODUCTION: It is not possible for each and every citizen to visit different states of India to see their culture and traditions. In Maharashtra, almost all kind of religious diversity are found like Gujrat, South India, Paris and many more. Like every state has it’s speciality, similar Maharashtra has too. When we talk about Maharashtra how can we forget about Maharashtrian people. MAHARASHTRIAN CULTURE: Hindu Marathi people celebrate several festivals during the year. These include Gudi Padwa, Ram Navami, Hanuman Jayanti, Narali Pournima, Mangala Gaur, Janmashtami, Ganeshotsav, Kojagiri Purnima, Makar Sankranti, Diwali, Khandoba Festival, Shivaratri and Holi. Maharashtra had huge influence over India under the 17th-century king Shivaji of the Maratha Empire and his concept of Hindavi Swarajya which translates to self-rule of people. It also has a long history of Marathi saints of Varakari religious movement such as Dnyaneshwar , Namdev , Chokhamela, Eknath and Tukaram which forms the one of bases of the culture of Maharashtra or Marathi culture. FAMOUS FESTIVALS OF MAHARASHTRA: 1. NAG PANCHAMI- Nag Panchali is celebrated in the honour of the Snake God Shesha Nag on the fifth day of the holy month of Shravan. 2. GUDI PADWA- Gudi Padwa is a symbol of victory, characterized by a bamboo stick with a silk cloth. It is garlanded with flowers and has sweets offered to it. 3. NARALI POURNIMA- ‘Narali’ means coconut and ‘pournima' is the full- moon day when offerings of coconuts are made to the Sea- God on this day.
    [Show full text]
  • Topics in Ho Morphosyntax and Morphophonology
    TOPICS IN HO MORPHOPHONOLOGY AND MORPHOSYNTAX by ANNA PUCILOWSKI A DISSERTATION Presented to the Department of Linguistics and the Graduate School of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy June 2013 DISSERTATION APPROVAL PAGE Student: Anna Pucilowski Title: Topics in Ho Morphophonology and Morphosyntax This dissertation has been accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy degree in the Department of Linguistics by: Dr. Doris Payne Chair Dr. Scott Delancey Member Dr. Spike Gildea Member Dr. Zhuo Jing-Schmidt Outside Member Dr. Gregory D. S. Anderson Non-UO Member and Kimberly Andrews Espy Vice President for Research & Innovation/ Dean of the Graduate School Original approval signatures are on file with the University of Oregon Graduate School. Degree awarded June 2013 ii c 2013 Anna Pucilowski iii DISSERTATION ABSTRACT Anna Pucilowski Doctor of Philosophy Department of Linguistics June 2013 Title: Topics in Ho Morphophonology and Morphosyntax Ho, an under-documented North Munda language of India, is known for its complex verb forms. This dissertation focuses on analysis of several features of those complex verbs, using data from original fieldwork undertaken by the author. By way of background, an analysis of the phonetics, phonology and morphophonology of Ho is first presented. Ho has vowel harmony based on height, and like other Munda languages, the phonological word is restricted to two moras. There has been a long-standing debate over whether Ho and the other North Munda languages have word classes, including verbs as distinct from nouns.
    [Show full text]
  • The People of India
    LIBRARY ANNFX 2 CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY ^% Cornell University Library DS 421.R59 1915 The people of India 3 1924 024 114 773 Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924024114773 THE PEOPLE OF INDIA =2!^.^ Z'^JiiS- ,SIH HERBERT ll(i 'E MISLEX, K= CoIoB a , ( THE PEOPLE OF INDIA w SIR HERBERT RISLEY, K.C.I.E., C.S.I. DIRECTOR OF ETHNOGRAPHY FOR INDIA, OFFICIER d'aCADEMIE, FRANCE, CORRESPONDING MEMBER OF THE ANTHROPOLOGICAL SOCIETIES OF ROME AND BERLIN, AND OF THE ANTHROPOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND SECOND EDITION, EDITED BY W. CROOKE, B.A. LATE OF THE INDIAN CIVIL SERVICE "/« ^ood sooth, 7tiy masters, this is Ho door. Yet is it a little window, that looketh upon a great world" WITH 36 ILLUSTRATIONS AND AN ETHNOLOGICAL MAP OF INDIA UN31NDABL? Calcutta & Simla: THACKER, SPINK & CO. London: W, THACKER & CO., 2, Creed Lane, E.C. 191S PRINTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, LIMITED, LONDON AND BECCLES. e 7/ /a£ gw TO SIR WILLIAM TURNER, K.C.B. CHIEF AMONG ENGLISH CRANIOLOGISTS THIS SLIGHT SKETCH OF A LARGE SUBJECT IS WITH HIS PERMISSION RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION In an article on "Magic and Religion" published in the Quarterly Review of last July, Mr. Edward Clodd complains that certain observations of mine on the subject of " the impersonal stage of religion " are hidden away under the " prosaic title " of the Report on the Census of India, 1901.
    [Show full text]
  • Kavayitri Bahinabai Chaudhari North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon List of Senate Members
    KAVAYITRI BAHINABAI CHAUDHARI NORTH MAHARASHTRA UNIVERSITY, JALGAON LIST OF SENATE MEMBERS List of Senate Members as per provision under Section 28(2) of the Maharashtra Public Universities Act, 2016. a) The Chancellor; Chairperson ; Hon’ble Shri. Bhagat Singh Koshyari, Chancellor, Maharashtra State, Raj Bhavan, Malabar Hill, MUMBAI–400 035. b) The Vice-Chancellor ; Prof. E. Vayunandan, Officiating Vice-Chancellor, Kavayitri Bahinabai Chaudhari North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon, Dist. Jalgaon- 425001 c) The Pro-Vice Chancellor, if any ; Prof. Bhausaheb Vy ankatrao Pawar , Officiating Pro-Vice Chancellor, Kavayitri Bahinabai Chaudhari North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon. Dist. Jalgaon. d) The Deans of Faculties; 1) Prin.Rajendra S. Patil, (Science & Technology) (Acting Dean) PSGVPS’s Arts, Sci. & Commerce College, Shahada 2) Prin. Pradipkumar Premsukh Chhajed, (Commerce & Management) (Acting Dean) M. D. Palesha Commerce College, Dhule. 3) Prin. Pramod Manohar Pawar, (Humanities) (Acting Dean) D.M.E.S.Arts College, Amalner. 4) Prin. Ashok Ramchandra Rane, (Inter-disciplinaryStudies) (Acting Dean) K.C.E’s College of Education, Jalgaon & Physical Education, Jalgaon e) The Director of Board of Examinations and Evaluation ; Prof. Kishor Fakira Pawar, Acting Director, Board of Examinations and Evaluation, Kavayitri Bahinabai Chaudhari North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon-425001 Dist. Jalgaon. f) The Finance and Accounts Officer ; Prof. Madhulika Ajay Sonawane , Offg. Financeand Accounts Officer, Kavayitri Bahinabai Chaudhari North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon-425001 Dist. Jalgaon. g) The Directors of Sub-campuses of the university ; Not applicable. Page1 h) The Directors, Innovation, Incubation and Linkages ; Not applicable. i) The Director of Higher Education or his nominee not below the rank of Joint Director ; Dr. Dhanraj Raghuram Mane, Director, Higher Education, Maharashtra State, Central Building, PUNE–411 001.
    [Show full text]
  • In the Service of Sri Radha Krishnachandra ANNUAL REPORT 2012-13
    In the service of Sri Radha Krishnachandra ANNUAL REPORT 2012-13 B A N G A L O R E SEVEN PURPOSES OF ISKCON ?To systematically propagate spiritual knowledge to the society at large and to educate all people in the techniques of spiritual life in order to check the imbalance of values in life and to achieve real unity and peace in the world. To propagate a consciousness of Krishna as it is revealed in the Bhagavad-gita and Srimad-Bhagavatam. To bring the members of the Society together with each other and nearer to Krishna, the prime entity, and thus to develop the idea, within the members, and humanity, at large, that each soul is part and parcel of the quality of Godhead (Krishna). To teach and encourage the sankirtana movement of congregational chanting of the holy name of God as revealed in the teachings of Lord Sri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu. To erect for the members, and for the society at large, a holy place of transcendental pastimes, dedicated to the personality of Krishna. To bring the members closer together for the purpose of teaching a simpler and more natural way of life. With a view towards achieving the aforementioned purposes, to publish and distribute periodicals, magazines, books and other writings. HIS DIVINE GRACE A.C. BHAKTIVEDANTA SWAMI PRABHUPADA (Founder-Acharya: International Society for Krishna Consciousness) CONTENTS President’s Message . 4 Srila Prabhupada . 5 Message from Dignitaries . 6 Annual Overview: Sri Radha Krishna Temple . .8 Sri Radha Krishna Temple Pilgrim Center. 9 Sri Radha Krishna Temple Festivals. 11 Dignitaries who received the Lord's Blessings .
    [Show full text]