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Afghanistan BALKH PROVINCE a Socio-Economic Profile UNIDATA A

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Afghanistan BALKH PROVINCE A Socio-Economic Profile UNIDATA A Project of UNDP/OPS & UNOCA March 1992 PREFACE 'Balkh - A Socio-Economic Profile' provides an inventory of the current state of economic and social conditions and physical infrastructure at the provincial and district levels. The information is derived from surveys conducted by UNIDATA between June­ October, 1990. Information from other sources has also been incorporated to complement and check consistency of data sets. The report has been structured to provide sectoral analysis at the provincial and district level. The analysis at the district level also offers an assessment of the impect of the war on the local economy, highlighting inter-district variations. This should enable planners to determine sectoral resettlement and rehabilitation requirements at the district level. The methodology of the data collection, as described in Page 1, was conditioned by the feasibility of implementing field surveys under the prevailing uncertain situations on the ground. Nonetheless, consistency of the information gathered has been checked against information available from secondary sources. The quality of the data may be further improved by accessing undated information as it becomes available from agencies involved in field work in Balkh province. Comments on the report are welcomed and should be addressed to the Project Manager, UNIDATA, Kabul or to the Officer-in-Charge of any one of the UNIDATA project offices listed at the end of the report. 15 March 1992 David E. Lockwood Kabul, Afghanistan Resident Representative UNDP-Kabul. The UNIDATA survey results, and the analysis thereof, presented in this report are those of the UNIDATA project and do not necessarily reflect views of UNDP/OPS and UNOCA CONTENTS Page PREFACE MAP OF AFGHANISTAN xi MAP OF BALKH PROVINCE Xll I INTORDUCTION 1 I.1 Objectives 1 I.2 Methodology 1 I.3 Presentation of Study 2 II BASIC FEATURES 4 II.l The Land 4 II.2 The Population 7 II.2.1 The Economy 7 III POPULATION 12 III.1 Population Size, structure and Distribution 12 III.2 Ethnicity 17 III.3 Refugees and Internally Displaced Population 18 IV AGRICULTURE AND LIVESTOCK 23 IV.l Land ResGurce and Land Use 23 IV.2 Irrigation and Dry Farming 24 IV.2.1 Irrigation Facilities 26 IV.3 Crop Pattern and Production 30 IV.4 Agricultural Inputs 34 IV.4.1 Wheat and Cotton Seeds 34 IV.4.2 Fertilizer 36 lV.4.3 Farm Labour 36 IV.4.4 Farm Power and Implements 38 IV.5 Livestock 39 IV.6 Pestures and Forests 40 V FOOD SITUATION AND STORAGE FACILITIES 42 V.l Food Grain Production and Consumption 42 V.2 Storage Facility 44 V.3 Price of Food Grain and Other Consumer Items in Mazar-i-Sharif September 1990 - May 1991 45 ii CONTENTS Page VI MINES AND INDUSTRIES 46 VI. l Meneral Resources and Activities 46 VI.2 Industrial Activities and Establishment 47 VI.2.1 Large and Medium Scale Industries . 47 VI.2.2 Small Scale Handicrafts and Cottage Industries 51 VII PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE 54 VIl.1.1 Land Transport and Road Condition 54 VIl.1.2 Air Transport 56 VIl.1.3 River Transport 58 VIl.2 Telecommunication 58 VIl.3 Water Supply and Sanitation 59 VIII HEALTH 62 VIIl.1 Health Infrastructure and Health Condition 62 VIII.2 Clinics and Other Health Facilities 68 VIll.3 Manpower Situation in Health Sector 69 VIIl.4 Health Training 69 VIII.5 Condition of Area/Sector Affecting. Health 71 IX EDUCATION AND TRAINING 74 IX.1 Vocational and Technical Education 77 IX.2 University Education 80 IX.3 Other Educational and Training Programmes 82 IX.3.1 Literacy Programme 82 IX.3.2 Madrasses Religious Educaiton 83 IX.3.3 Madrassas/Relogious Education 83 X DISTRICT PROFILES 84 X.1 MAZAR-I-SHARIF CITY 84 X.1.1 Basic Features 84 X.1.2 Background 84 X.1.3 Population 84 X.1.4 Main Economic Activities 85 X.1.5 Road Transportation 86 X.1.6 Communication 86 X. l. 7 Hotels and Gust Houses 86 X.1.8 Water Supply and Sanitation 87 X. l. 9 Storage Facility 87 iii CONTENTS Page X.1.10 Education 88 X.1.11 Health Status 88 X.1.12 Other Socio-Economic Activities 89 X.2 Balkh District 90 X.2.1 Basic Features 90 X.2.2 Background 90 X.2.3 Population 90 X.2.4 Agriculture 90 X.2.5 Tranportation and Road Condition 91 X.2.6 Water Supply and Sanitation 92 X.2.7 Education 92 X.2.8 Health 92 X.3 DEHDADI DISTRICT 93 X.3.1 Basic Features 93 X.3.2 Background 93 X.3.3 Population 93 X.3.4 Agriculture 93 X.3.5 Industries 94 X.3.6 Tranportation and Road Condition 94 X.3.7 Education 94 X.3.8 Health 95 X.4 KHOLM DISTRICT 96 X.4.1 Basic Features 96 X.4.2 Background 96 X.4.3 Population 96 X.4.4 Agriculture 96 X.4.5 Mining and Industries 96 X.4.6 Transport and Road Condition 97 X.4.7 Education 97 X.4.8 Health 97 X.5 SHULGRAH DISTRICT 98 X.5.1 Basic Features 98 X.5.2 Background 98 X.5.3 Population 98 X.5.4 Agriculture 98 X.5.5 Tranportation and Road Condition 99 iv CONTENTS Page X.5.6 Education 99 X.5.7 Health 99 X.6 CHEMT AL DISTRICT 100 X.6.1 Basic Features 100 X.6.2 Background 100 X.6.3 Population 100 X.6.4 Agriculture 100 X.6.5 Tranportation and Road Condition 100 X.6.6 Education 101 X.6.7 Health 101 X.7. NAHERE SHAHI AND MARMOL DISTRICT 102 X.7.1 Basic Features 102 X.7.2 Background 102 X.7.3 Population 102 X.7.4 Agriculture 102 X.7.5 Other Economic Activities 103 X.7.6 Transport and Road Condition 103 X.7.7 Education 103 X.7.8 Health 103 X.8 CHAR BULAQ DISTRICT 104 X.8.1 Basic Features 104 X.8.2 Background 104 X.8.3 Population 104 X.8.4 Agriculture 104 X.8.5 Other Economic Activities 104 X.8.6 Transport and Road Condition 105 X.8.7 Education 105 X.8.8 Health 105 X.9 DOWLATABAD DISTRICT 106 X.9.1 Basic Features 106 X.9.2 Background 106 X.9.3 Population 106 X.9.4 Agriculture 106 X.9.5 Other Economic Activities 106 X.9.6 Transport and Road Condition 107 X.9.7 Education 107 V CONTENTS Page X.9.8 Health 107 X.10 SHUR TAPPEH DISTRICT 108 X.10.1 Basic Features 108 X.10.2 Background 108 X.10.3 Population 108 X.10.4 Agriculture 108 X.10.5 Other Economic Ativities 108 X.10.6 Transport and Road Condition 109 X.10.7 Education 109 X.10.8 Health 109 X.11 KALDAR DISTRICT 110 X.11.1 Basic Features 110 X.11.2 Background 110 X.11.3 Population 110 X.11.4 Agriculture 110 X.11.5 Other Economic Ativities 110 X.11.6 Transport and Road Condition 111 X.11.7 Education 111 X.11.8 Health 111 X.12 CHAR KENT DISTRICT 112 X.12.1 Basic Features 112 X.12.2 Background 112 X.12.3 Population 112 X.12.4 Agriculture 112 X.12.5 Other Economic Ativities 112 X.12.6 Transport and Road Condition 112 X.12.7 Education 113 X.12.8 Health 113 X.13 KESHENDEH DISTRICT 114 X.13.1 Basic Features 114 X.13.2 Background 114 X.13.3 Population 114 X.13.4 Agriculture 114 X.13.5 Transport and Condition 115 X.13.6 Education 115 vi CONTENTS Page X.13.7 Health 115 XI. RESETILEMENT NEEDS AND PLANING IMPLICATIONS 116 XI.1 Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation 116 XI.1.1 Relief, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Projects/Programmes in Agriculture 117 XI.2 Minning and Industries 119 XI.2.1 Ongoing and Planned Projects/Programmes 120 Xl.3 Physical Infrastructure 121 XI.4 Water Supply and Sanitation 122 XI.5 Health 123 XI.5.1 On-going and Planned Programmes/Projects 123 Annex A Studies in Agriculture and Methodological Limitations 126 Annex B NGO Programmes in Balkh 128 Annex C Names and Addressed of Important Department and Agencies in Mazar-i_:-Sharif 134 REFERENCES 135 vii CONTENTS Page TABLES 11.1 Basic Information on Balkh Province 1990 5 11.2 Power Distribution Between Various Groups 6 111.1 Siz of Distribution of Population by District, 1979 and 1990 13 111.2 Distribution of Population by Sex, 1990 15 111.3 Urban and Rural Population, by Sex and District, 1990 16 111.4 Distribution of Population by Major Age Categories and District, 1990 17 111.5 Number of Refugees in Pakistan and Iran and Population by District 20 111.6 Number of Returnees Passed through Peace Guest House in Mazar by Months - 1990 21 IV.1 Land Use, Pre-war and 1990 24 IV.2 Irrigated land in 1979 and 1990 by District 26 IV.3 Land Under Irrigation by Source and by District, pre-1979 27 IV.4 Type and Number of Irrigation Sources by District Pre-1979 29 IV.5 Irrigation Canals, Irrigable and Irrigated area, 1990 30 IV.6 Land Holding Areas, 1978-1990 31 IV.7 Area Under Cultivation and Production of Main Crops by District 1976n7 32 IV.8 Area Under Cultivation and Production of Main Crops by District, 1989/90 33 IV.9 Area Under Fruit Crops by District, 1990 34 IV.10 Name, Size and Location of Agricultural Farms in Balkh Province, 1990 35 IV.11 Wheat and Cotton Seed Production 36 IV.12 Fertilizer Distribution to Balkh Farmers 37 IV.13 Average Number of Animals per Family 38 IV.14 Lievestock by District, 1990 40 IV.15 Forest Area in Balkh, 1990 41 V.l Cereal Production, Consumption, Surplus and/or Deficit by District 1968/69 42 viii CONTENTS Page V.2 Storage Facilities in 1978 44 Vl.1 Production of Chemical Fertilizer and Electricity by Fertilizer and Thermal Power Plants, Balkh Province, 1978-1990 48 Vl.2 Cotton Gin and Press Company, Mazar Domestic Sales Export, 1978-1989 50 Vl.3 Cotton Gin and Press Company, Mazar Purchases and Production, 1978/1989 52 VIl.l The Road Distance and Travel Time 56 VIl.2 Post Offices and Telephones by District, 1990 59 VIII.l Patients at the Base Hospital, 1990 62 VIll.2 Deaths by Causes at the Base Hospital 1988/90 63 VIIl.3 District-wise Distribution of Hospitals 65 VIII.4 Location of Clinics and Other Health Facilities in Balkh 66 VIll.5 Medical Personnel in Balkh 68 VIII.6 Student/Teacher Composition at the Facility of Medicine 69 VIll.7 Student/Teachers at the Nursing School 70 VIll.8 Health
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