Homo Heidelbergensis

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Homo Heidelbergensis ITANP Guide Semplici: Homo heidelbergensis ITANP Simple Guides Claudio Nucci member of International Teaching Antropology Project Team versione 2.0 1 Questo lavoro è parte del Progetto Internazionale per l’Insegnamento delle Scienze ed è dedicato ad attività educative. Quindi non è per profitto e non può essere venduto o usato per fini commerciali. Dobbiamo un ringraziamento a tutti coloro che ci hanno messo a disposizione le loro foto. Queste sono usate esclusivamente per finalità educative all’interno del progetto e hanno requisiti scientifici, educativi e non per profitto. Le immagini usate rimangono di proprietà degli autori e a questo scopo sulle immagini del database fotografico del progetto è scritto il loro nome. This work is part of the International Teaching Science Project and is dedicated to educational activities. It has therefore not for profit and may not be sold or used for commercial purposes . We owe thanks to all those from whom we took some photos. These were used exclusively for educational purposes within the project and meet the requirements in terms of scientific , educational and not for profit usage. The images used remain the property of the authors and for this purpose on the images of the photographic database of the project is written their name La risoluzione di queste immagini è molto bassa, lo scopo è quello di ridurre drasticamente le dimensioni del file da scaricare dal sito. Abbiamo regolato la definizione per permettere la stampa in formato A4, sconsigliamo di usare formati di dimensioni maggiori! The resolution of these images is very low, the aim is to drastically reduce the size of the file to be downloaded from the site. We adjusted the definition to allow printing in A4, we do not recommend using larger sizes! 2 L’Uomo ha sempre desiderato avere Man has always wanted to have informazioni sulle sue origini e dedica information on his origins and devotes grandi risorse per sapere. Continue great resources to know. Continuous ricerche sul campo consentono di research in the field allows to discover scoprire nuovi siti occupati dall’Uomo new sites occupied by prehistoric Man. preistorico. Gli scavi mettono alla luce The excavations unearth the skeletons scheletri di Ominidi dei quali si cerca di of Hominidae, of which we try to ricostruire le origini, il modo di vivere, reconstruct the origins, the way of life, le età nelle quali sono vissuti e, the ages in which they lived and, above soprattutto, di collegarli nella retta del all, to link them in the time frame of our tempo della nostra evoluzione. evolution. Nuove tecnologie ci consentono di New technologies allow us to better capire sempre meglio le informazioni understand the information gathered raccolte e di datare sempre meglio gli and to better date objects and bones oggetti e le ossa rinvenuti found Molte delle informazioni raccolte su Many of the information collected questi resti si basano su supposizioni e on these remains are based on teorie che vengono continuamente assumptions and theories that are aggiornate da continui studi supportati continuously updated by continuous da tecnologie e metodologie sempre in studies supported by ever-changing evoluzione. technologies and methodologies. Molte ipotesi, affermazioni e convinzioni possono quindi cambiare e Many hypotheses, affirmations and spesso essere stravolte da nuove beliefs can therefore change and often scoperte. be distorted by new discoveries. Con questa serie di guide cercheremo With this series of guides we will try di farvi conoscere tutte queste scoperte to introduce you to all these discoveries per meglio comprendere chi siamo e da to better understand who we are and dove veniamo. where we come from. Disegno di Maria Emanuela Angelini, calco e foto di Nucci Claudio 3 Homo heidelbergensis Schoetensack, 1908 Specie estinta di uomo vissuto in Extinct species of man lived in Africa, Europa ed Asia occidentale tra 0,6 Africa, Europe and Western Asia e 0,3 milioni di anni fa. Ci sono dubbi between 0.6 and 0.3 million years ago. sull’appartenenza a questa specie di altri There are doubts about the belonging to esemplari rinvenuti in India e in Cina. this species of other specimens found in Si pensa possa essere un discendente India and China. dell’ Homo ergaster. It is thought to be a descendant of Aveva una calotta cranica vicina ai the Homo ergaster. 1100 e 1200 cc, quindi molto vicina a It had a skullcap close to 1100 and quella dell’uomo contemporaneo. La 1200 cc, so very close to that of statura media era di circa 170 cm e la contemporary man. The average height corporatura più robusta di quella degli was about 170 cm and the sturdier build Homo della sua epoca. Il suo of that of the Homo of his time. His comportamento e i suoi strumenti behavior and his advanced tools have avanzati hanno consigliato l’istituzione di suggested the establishment of a una specie diversa. different species. Lo studio degli esemplari della Gran The study of the Gran Dolina Dolina in Atapuerca, da parte di Eduald specimens in Atapuerca, by Eduald Carbonell dell’Università di Tarragona, Carbonell of the University of portano a ritenere che lo spostamento di Tarragona, lead us to believe that the Homo Heidelbergensis dall’Africa in movement of Homo Heidelbergensis Europa possa rappresentare uno dei from Africa to Europe could be one of primi passi dell’Homo che hanno poi the first steps of Homo that led to the portato alla nascita dell’Homo birth of the Homo neadethalensis. neadethalensis. Inoltre gli studi Moreover, studies on the vocal and sull’apparato vocale e uditivo fanno auditory apparatus suggest that, even if pensare che, anche se in forma più in a more primitive and coarse form, H. primitiva e grossolana, H. heidelbergensis could speak. heidelbergensis potesse parlare. Finally, the findings push to Infine i ritrovamenti spingono a consider this Ominide as the last considerare questo Ominide come common ancestor between H. l’ultimo antenato comune tra H. neanderthalensis and H. sapiens. neanderthalensis e H. sapiens. 4 Immagine e calco di Claudio Nucci 5 Disegno di Maria Emanuela Angelini 6 - Mauer presso Heidelberg (Germania), primo - Mauer near Heidelberg (Germania), first reperto 1907. founding 1907. - Bodo e Kabwe in Africa - Bodo & Kabwe in Africa - Petralona (Grecia), - Petralona (Grecia), - Arago (Francia), - Arago (Francia), - Sima de los Huesos Atapuerca (Spagna), - Sima de los Huesos Atapuerca (Spagna), - Boxgrove (Inghilterra), - Boxgrove (Inghilterra), - Schöningen (Germania)[2] - Schöningen (Germania)[2] - Ciampate del Diavolo (Italia, Caserta). - Ciampate del Diavolo (Italia, Caserta). - Mugharet el-Zuttiyeh in Israele - Mugharet el-Zuttiyeh in Israele 7 8 .
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